2024年中考英语一轮复习专题08 阅读理解之记叙文 讲义 （含解析）

2024年中考英语一轮复习
专题08 阅读理解之记叙文（讲义）
目录
一 复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向
二 考情分析 中考阅读理解记叙文文考情分析
三 阅读应用文的考向 细节理解题 推理判断题 词义猜测题 主旨大意题 提升必考题型归纳
四 真题感悟 中考阅读记叙文文经典考题精选
【复习目标】
1. 熟练语篇类型和语篇结构
2. 明确命题规律和提问方式
3. 掌握不同题型的解题方法
【考情分析】
阅读理解记叙文命题规律
【名师解难】
中考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。记叙文是中考必考题型，在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。
1. 记叙文写作特点
记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。
就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓“一篇之妙，在于落句”。
2. 记叙文命题特点
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
【网络构建】
中考英语中的记叙文，往往采用明暗双线的写作手法。命题点往往会在双线的起承转合点设定。
一 记叙文答题技巧
一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
（1）顺藤摸瓜。
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
（2）左顾右盼。
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
（3）刨根问底。
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from … ”或是What does the author imply in … ”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
（4）拨云见日。
每年的中考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
这时，你不仅需要“左顾右盼”，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。
二 细节理解和推理判断答题技巧
一、细节理解题
第一步：审读题干，提取关键信息；
第二步：速读定位原文信息句，将试题信息与原文信息进行语义转换；
第三步：逐一核对选项，仔细辨别，得出答案。
解题原则：对原文中能直接排除的进行筛选，不能直接找到的多处相关信息进行整合转换。
二、推理判断
推理判断题是中考阅读理解试题中的重要题型之一, 包括推理和判断两个方面，是考生失分率较高的题型。考查考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，进行逻辑推理，对文章的细节、作者的态度、意图作出正确推理判断的能力。分析今年高考题可知，推断题呈不断上升的趋势，且由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义词及长难句来考查考生对语言的理解能力，难度比之前有所增加。
预计2024年中考推理判断题占比5-7题左右。
题型和考查角度：
1. 高频考点：隐含意义、写作意图、观点态度。
2. 低频考点：文章出处、文章结构、目标读者。
错误原因：
1. 主观臆断
2. 缺乏逻辑
3. 过度推理
4. 缺乏常识
隐含推断类题型
锁定关键词：
根据题干关键词infer（推断），suggest（表明，暗示），conclude（得出结论）, indicate（暗示，象征）, imply（暗示）, assume（假定，设想）迅速确定题型
解题指导：
浏览选项，首先排除对原文信息简单重复的错误选项
抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理：在原文中确定推理依据的位置或范围后，要善于抓住关键信息去分析判断；
整合全文/段信息进行推断：有时需要在弄懂全文或全段的基础上，整合与题目相关的有效信息去进行综合推断，才能确定最佳选项。无论哪种推断形式必须立足原文，避免主观臆断。
观点态度类题型
锁定关键词：
根据题干中表达情感的形容词、副词、动词或介词短语等，如attitude（态度），outstanding（优秀的，突出的），disagree（不同意），hopefully（有希望的），against（反对），in favor of（赞成），迅速确定题型。
解题指导：
认真审题，明确“谁对谁”的态度，明确答题方向
关注段落首尾句，推断文章和段落主题，确定观点
注意作者或文中人物的措辞
分析修饰语和字里行间所隐含的意思，切忌用自己观点代替作者或文中人物的观点；
牢记观点态度的常见词语
写作意图类题型
锁定关键词：
根据题干关键词purpose（目的），intend to（打算），want to tell us ...（想要告诉我们），write this passage to（写这篇文章为了）迅速确定题型。
解题指导：
根据文章或段落主旨推断作者写作意图；
根据文体推断写作意图
记叙文：通常会在首段或尾段出现高度概括性语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有叙述都围绕该哲理展开（to tell a story, to entertain readers, to share an experience ...）
三 词义猜测和主旨大意答题技巧
词义猜测
题型和考查角度：
1. 猜测生词或熟词生义。
2. 猜测短语的意义。
3. 猜测代替词所替代的内容。
4. 猜测句意。
解题技巧 ：
1. 定位文中画线处上下文。
2. 理解上下文，查找提示点，根据背景、上下文等线索推测生词词义。
选项特征 ：
正确选项特征
将选项代入原文，上下文逻辑通顺。
含义和其字面意思一般没有关系。
干扰项特征
与划线部分词形相似
考查熟词生义时，含有常规词义的往往不正确 3. 选项中含有过多原句中已有的词和短语的选项一般为错误选项。
一、猜测划线单词意思
根据定义推测词义：
有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义，如线索词that is, or, namely, in other words, that is to say, to be more exact, to put it another way, which is等。
根据举例推测词义：
有时，划线部分后会根由一些具体的例子，这些例子可以帮助考试理解该词的词义。线索词such as, such ... as, for example, for instance, like , including, especially等。
根据对比关系或转折关系推测词义：
表达对比或转折关系的词需注意but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, similarly, on the contrary, in contrast to等。
根据同义词或并列结构推测词义：
在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调和重复，会使用意思相同或相近的词，此时，只要知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另一个词的意思。
根据构词法推测词义：
英语中的很多词汇，尤其是不断出现的新词大多是通过构词法生成的，因此，掌握主要的构词法有助于猜测词义。
根据因果关系推测词义：
因果关系时一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。根据线索词as, since, because, for , so, therefore, due to, result in, as a result, for this reason, so ... that, such ... that等可知上下句存在因果，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。
二、猜测划线代词意思
定关键：返回原文，找到指代词，理清句子结构。
找替代：根据上下文，寻找复合逻辑关系的名词、代词、短语或句子等。
再核对：比较选项，找出与符合逻辑的选项。
一般来说，it/this/that指代一件事；
it/he/them/they/one/those指代上文提到的人或事。
主旨大意题型
题型和考查角度：
1. 主题类：文章大意题和段落大意题(概括文章或段落的主旨大意)
2. 标题类：标题判断题（选择最佳标题）。
要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
选项特征：
正确选项特征
涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段。
确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。
精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩
语言精练，若是标题类，则应当醒目且语言具有概括性和针对性。
干扰项特征
过于笼统 范围太大，超出文章内容。
以偏概全 只是文章的某一部分或者某一个细节，或是某一个段落的要点或者部分。
主观臆断 与文章内容无关，只是涉及个别单词或按现实生活生搬硬套。
命题方式：
What is the text mainly about
What is the best title for the text
What can be a suitable title for the text
What’s the first/second/third ... paragraph mainly about
What’s the main idea discussed in the first/second/.. paragraph
记叙文：纯记叙文通常没有主题句,需要读者自己领悟,从中归纳提炼;但有的在文尾作者会发表感慨、感悟或就此发表议论,主旨也就在此;还有的先发表某种议论或感慨再讲一个故事或经历,主旨就在文首。
根据位置确定主题句:
主题句在文首
文章开门见山，给出了主题句，随之用细节对其进行解释、支撑。作者在首段常常亮出观点、表明立场。大多数文章的主题句就是文章的首句,所以要认真阅读文章首句。
主题句在文末
有的主题句放在文章的末尾,先摆出事实细节，最后总结, 从而形成强有力的结论, 要求考生耐心地读完全文。
有时主题句首尾呼应，开篇先提出主题，结尾再次升华主题。
中考记叙文常考标题归纳题型
最佳标题应具备以下三大特征：
① 概括—准确而又简短;
② 针对性—标题外延正好与文章内容相符;
③ 题目—能引发读者的阅读欲望。
三大方法：
① 正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；
② 反面否定法：撇开原文，设想各选项写出来应是什么样的文章，然后和原文比对，逐一排除不符项；
③ 研读备选项：认真研读备选项里的中心词、结构、概括性、修饰词的变化，查看与中心思想是否相符。
（一）
（2023·浙江·模拟预测）
There was a story many years ago of a school teacher—Mrs. Thompson. She told the children on the first day that she loved them all the same. But that was a lie. There in the front row was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard. He didn’t play well with the other children and he always needed a bath. She did not like him.
Then Mrs. Thompson got to know that Teddy was actually a very good boy before the death of his mother. Mrs. Thompson was ashamed of herself. She felt even worse when, like all her other students, Teddy brought her a Christmas present, too. It was his mother’s perfume.
Teddy said, “Mrs. Thompson, today you smell just like my Mom used to.” After the children left, she cried for at least an hour. On that very day, she stopped teaching reading, writing and math. Instead, she began to teach children.
Mrs. Thompson paid particular attention to Teddy. The boy’s mind seemed to come alive. The more she encouraged him, the faster he improved. By the end of the sixth grade, Teddy had become one of the smartest children in the class.
Six years went by before she got a note from Teddy. He wrote that he had finished high school, third in his class, and she was still the best teacher he ever had in his whole life. He went to college. Mrs. Thompson got two more letters from him with the last one signed, Theodore F. Stoddard, M. D. (医学博士).
The story doesn’t end there. On his wedding day, Dr. Stoddard whispered in Mrs. Thompson’s ear, “Thank you, Mrs. Thompson, for believing in me. You made me feel important and showed me that I could make a difference.”
Mrs. Thompson, with tears in her eyes, whispered back, “Teddy, you have it all wrong. You were the one who taught me that I could make a difference. I didn’t know how to teach until I met you.”
1．What did Mrs. Thompson do on the first day of school
A．She made Teddy feel ashamed.
B．She told the class something untrue about herself.
C．She changed Teddy’s seat to the front row.
D．She asked the children to play with Teddy.
2．What did Mrs. Thompson find out about Teddy
A．He often told lies. B．He was good at math.
C．He needed motherly care. D．He enjoyed playing with others.
3．Why did Mrs. Thompson feel even worse
A．Because her students didn’t like her.
B．Because Teddy brought her his mother’s perfume as Christmas present.
C．Because she was very ill.
D．Because she couldn’t do well in her teaching.
4．In what way did Mrs. Thompson change
A．She taught fewer school subjects.
B．She became stricter with her students.
C．She no longer liked her job as a teacher.
D．She cared more about educating students.
5．Why did Teddy thank Mrs. Thompson at his wedding
A．She had kept in touch with him.
B．She had given him encouragement.
C．She had sent him Christmas presents.
D．She had taught him how to judge people.
（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中学校考模拟预测）
Love, joy and the warm feeling of getting together don’t cost a thing. But gifts do cost money. So what should a poor family do
When I was 10, I told my mother that the only thing I wanted for the New Year was a pogo stick (弹簧单高跷). However, my mother said it was so expensive that we couldn’t afford one.
On a Saturday before New Year, my family went shopping together. While my mother and I were picking out the gifts, my dad said, “I’ll be back soon-I need to see something in the tool area.” A moment later, he came back with a long box. I remembered wondering if there was a pogo stick in it.
When we arrived home, my dad put the box in the garage. While my parents were busy with their chores, I quietly walked out to the garage and found the box. I was so excited and I knew as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom (扫帚).
That New Year morning, I got some gifts like a tiger toy and a saving pot, but I didn’t get the present that I really wanted. How upset I felt at that moment though I didn’t want my parents to see!
After cleaning up the room, my dad went to the garage. When he came back, he was carrying a beautiful pogo stick. I couldn’t believe it! My parents probably got quite a laugh from the trick they played on me.
Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all: lots of love. That was over 60 years ago and I still think about those wonderful memories. They were full of my childhood. I will never forget all the joy my parents brought into my life.
6．What did the writer see in the long box when he opened it
A．Pogo stick. B．An old broom. C．A tiger toy. D．A saving pot.
7．How did the writer feel at the time he received the beautiful pogo stick
A．Excited. B．Upset. C．Unbelievable. D．Scared.
8．What does the underlined word “They” refer to according to the passage
A．The writer’s parents. B．The pogo sticks.
C．Some nice gifts. D．The wonderful memories.
9．What can we infer from the passage
A．The writer can always get what he wants from his parents.
B．His parents gave the writer enough love although he was born in poor.
C．The writer is about 60 years old now.
D．The writer felt disappointed with his parents.
10．What does the writer want to tell us from the passage
A．Parents should satisfy all their children’s needs.
B．Kids shouldn’t ask parents for any gifts.
C．It’s good to play some tricks on each other sometimes.
D．The most expensive gift may not cost much money but full of love.
（2023·陕西西安·西安市铁一中学校考模拟预测）
Jiang Danni is a 24-year-old volunteer from East China. She has volunteered in schools in Lebanon and countries in Africa. And her videos about her experience have caught many people’s attention.
After graduating from university in 2020, Danni chose to work in Africa for a year and then took a trip to seven countries. A primary school in Uganda stopped her. She had a peaceful time getting to know the children at the school. She taught children in Grades One to Four. Danni set up different kinds of classes for her students, including Chinese language learning, and crafts (手工艺). Danni also tried to care for the students. While staying at a school in Tanzania, she usually went to the town which was far away from school to buy delicious food for the kids.
In 2022, Danni arrived in Lebanon in Asia and became a volunteer teacher at a school. This time she taught arts and crafts to her students. She included some interesting activities in her teaching such as paper cutting and the making of paper ice cream in class. Her students all worked hard and enjoyed the creative activities.
▲ Every time Danni arrived at the school, they would run to give her a hug or small gifts such as candy. And after school, they would invite her to their homes.
“I enjoyed spending beautiful moments with them. Their smiling faces gave me energy and encouraged me to find meaning in volunteer work in different places,” Danni said. She has decided to further develop her dream to help others as a lifetime career (终身事业).
11．Where did Danni do volunteer work at first
A．In Africa.
B．In America.
C．In Asia.
D．In Europe.
12．What did Danni teach in the school in Lebanon
①Chinese. ②Cooking. ③Crafts. ④Arts.
A．①②
B．②③
C．①④
D．③④
13．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．Danni enjoyed helping others.
B．The children there were poor but happy.
C．Danni got on really well with the children.
D．The smiles on the children’s faces moved Danni.
（2023·吉林长春·校联考模拟预测）
Life has a way of shaping us. Life can make you doubt your purpose. These are thoughts that I have had in my mind for many years. Poetry (诗) prepares me for my purpose. My purpose is poetry.
In my journey towards purpose, poetry is my safety net. I started writing poems at the age of 5. By 13, I had written quite a lot of poems. Poetry was my escape (解脱) from being bullied (欺凌) by my classmates. They bullied me because of the way I looked. This bullying gave me low confidence. Poetry was my way to be seen, be heard and be known.
At each important moment in my life, I wrote poetry. In difficult times, I wrote poetry. It helped me get away from the pain. However, writing poetry couldn’t support me. So I turned to teaching instead.
While living in China, my job was an English teacher. The two Chinese teachers I worked with gave me advice on how to teach the students English. The students’ needs of studying decided what I needed to do in the classroom. With challenging situations like this, I continued writing poetry. I wrote down my feelings. I accepted a new me, I learned to think positively (积极地). My relationship with poetry grew over time. Poetry stayed in my spirit deeply.
There is nothing stopping you. The only person standing in your way is yourself. You have the power. Keep going. Keep believing. Remember that your hard work is not in vain. Go for it! Your purpose is waiting for you!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
14．When did the writer start writing poems
A．At the age of 5. B．At the age of 13.
C．When she was bullied by her classmate. D．When she was in China.
15．Why did the writer say poetry is her safety net
A．Because it was a way for her to make friends.
B．Because it made her popular around her classmate.
C．Because it gave her a sense of achievement.
D．Because it helped her get away from the pain.
16．Which is the right order of the following things
①The writer started writing poems.
②The writer worked in China as an English teacher.
③The writer’s relationship with poetry grew over time.
④The writer was bullied and she wrote lots of poems to escape.
A．①③②④ B．②④③① C．①④②③ D．②①③④
17．What does the underlined word “in vain” mean
A．important B．necessary C．helpless D．successful
18．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Failure is the mother of success.
B．A strong will can help us achieve our purpose.
C．Work hard to dig up the depths of your spirit.
D．Be brave and say no if being treated unfairly.
（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）
What can you achieve in five days Learn a dance Read a book Or go on a road trip What about winning four gold medals You may think it is impossible, but a teenage girl has done just that!
Last October, at the 2022 ISSF World Championships in Cairo, Egypt, Pang Yuqian won four gold medals in the 50-meter rifle (步枪) events in five days. It was her first international competition, but Pang, an 18-year-old high school student from Sichuan, made quite a debut (首次亮相).
It is widely known that a lot of things are required of a player in shooting sports, and one of them is concentration. “She is little, thin and quiet, but she will put all her attention on the rifle as long as she holds it in her hands.” Pang’s coach said. What’s more, she is strict with herself and often asks her coach for advice even though she is a natural for the sport. Before winning the four medals, she practiced really hard. Now, thanks to years of training, Pang is already a world-class shooter.
After winning the four gold medals, Pang kept telling her parents to keep a low profile (保持低调) and asked them not to post anything about her or her achievements on WeChat Moments, but her mom didn’t listen. She shared the story of her daughter online anyway, but who can blame (责怪) her After all, not everyone can achieve in a lifetime what Pang has already achieved as a teenager.
Pang shot for the moon and got it. What a great role model to us! Come on, everyone, let’s make big plans and dream big dreams. Even if we miss the moon, we’ll still land among the stars!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
19．What does the writer think of winning four gold medals in five days
A．Normal. B．Unbelievable. C．Easy. D．Interesting.
20．Which is the right order of the following facts
①Pang practiced hard before the competition.
②Pang won four gold medals in the 50-meter rifle events.
③Pang told her parents not to post anything about her on the Internet.
④Pang’s mom shared Pang’s achievements online.
A．②①③④ B．①②③④ C．①②④③ D．②①④③
21．What does the underlined word “concentration” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．毅力 B．坚持 C．专注 D．活力
22．Why did Pang’s mom want to share Pang’s story with others
A．Because she wanted to show off.
B．Because she was proud of her daughter and wanted to share her happiness.
C．Because she wanted her daughter to become better.
D．Because she wanted others to praise her daughter.
23．Which is the best title of the passage
A．An Important Shooting Experience. B．Four Gold Medals.
C．A Debut in an International Competition. D．She Shot the Moon.
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）
Life is like a journey. None of us can predict the destination (终点) of this journey. During this journey, we will enjoy beautiful scenery and encounter bad weather with thunderstorms. People have different experiences, but in this journey, we all have to face all kinds of situations. No matter what we experience, we should have a dream and hold it until the end of our journey.
We can’t set our goals too high, which will only make us have no time to enjoy ourselves along the way. Every day, we have to move forward in a hurry, just like climbing countless mountains. When we climb a mountain, there are many higher mountains waiting for us to climb. That way, we are likely to give up our dreams, because it seems impossible for us to reach the peak. We should start from own reality and enjoy the beauty of life. We should not only live for our goals, but also live for ourselves.
Learn to love. During the journey of life, we are not alone. There are many people with us, family, friends, teachers and so on. They give us love and care and we should love and respect them, including strangers. Be nice to others, and the world will be nice to us.
Treat the journey of life calmly and patiently, wait for the flowers to bloom and fall, and enjoy the clouds. The beauty of peace of mind is even more fascinating. A calm heart is like a clear blue sky without dark clouds, like a pool of clear water without any pollution, and like the light on green leaves, giving us hope and courage.
All in all, we should cherish everyone, everything and every scenery we see. Life is too short. Be kind to yourself, live in the present and let life show its beauty, because we only have one life. Please feel the scenery along the way with your heart!
24．According to paragraph 1, what can you infer
A．Everyone can know what the end of their life is like.
B．Either bad things or good things, you will experience in your life.
C．You may stick to your dream till you die.
D．Thunderstorms here refers to good situations.
25．Why can’t we set our goal too high
A．Because high goals are too easy.
B．Because high goals are hard to set.
C．Because high goals make us climb countless mountains.
D．Because high goals are so difficult to achieve that we would give them up.
26．During our journey of life, whom should we love and respect
A．Parents. B．Strangers.
C．Friends. D．All of the above.
27．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
A． B． C． D．
28．What is the best title for the passage
A．Be calm and patient B．Enjoy our journey of life
C．Love everyone around us D．Never give up our dreams
（一）（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）
Ray was a naughty (淘气的) student. But he was smart and hard-working. And he never lost a race or a chess game. He always came first in school. He was so pleased with himself that he would always refuse to help others.
“Ray, are you able to go to the market and buy some eggs ” asked his mother. Ray gave an excuse and refused, “Sorry, Mom. I would be busy with my homework.”
Jack, one of Ray’s friends, wanted his help and asked, “Please help me solve this math problem.” “You must use your brain and solve it yourself.” replied the arrogant (傲慢的) Ray. Only one thing was important to Ray. His precious (珍贵的) pen! He considered it as his lucky pen. But one day Ray lost the pen.
Worried Ray looked everywhere for the pen, but couldn’t find it. Helplessly, he went to his mother for help, “Mom, I lost my lucky pen! Please help me find it. I have a test tomorrow.”
His mother ignored (不理睬) his request and said, “I’m sorry. I’m going out with Aunty Christme.”
With tears rolling down his eyes. Ray asked his friend for help, “I have lost my lucky pen. I cannot finish the test without it. Please help me find it!” “I’m sorry, Ray. I have to revise for tomorrow’s test. I don’t have time to waste.” Jack replied.
Ray sat at his desk, crying his eyes out, when his mother walked in to give his lucky pen to him. “I found it under the sofa in the drawing room.” said his mother.
“Many thanks. Mom!” said Ray. And thus, Ray learnt his lesson.
After that day, Ray helped everyone when possible for him.
35．To Ray’s mother and Jack, Ray was ________.
A．perfect B．unhelpful C．careless D．warm-hearted
36．Which of the following is TRUE about Ray
A．He told lies to his mother. B．He refused his friend’s help.
C．He helped his friend with math. D．He needed help to find his pen.
37．How did Ray learn his lesson
A．By taking a test. B．By helping others.
C．By sharing kindness. D．By experiencing worries.
38．What can we learn from the Passage
A．Asking for help necessary. B．Helping others brings happiness.
C．Helping others is to help ourselves. D．Looking for excuses for ourselves useless.
（二）（2023·江苏）
Katie was waiting for Gulliver’s calls. Instead, she just heard sparrows making noise in the bushes. “Maybe Gulliver missed the harbour.” Dad said. After breakfast, Katie took her camera to the harbour. All the colourful boats made pretty pictures, but not the one she wanted most.
Katie waved to Ernest, her uncle’s neighbour, on the boathouse. The gull’s name, Gulliver, was given by him. The gull’s size and his single leg made the bird itself different. But Ernest told Katie what Gulliver did that first summer Katie and her dad came caught everyone’s attention. Young Katie lay in her stroller (婴儿车) on the floating dock (码头) when Uncle Ralph and Dad were repairing boats nearby. The waves from the passing boat made Katie’s stroller shake strongly. “Kee-aah! Kee-aah!” Gulliver made the loudest cry. Dad and uncle rushed to Katie and stopped the stroller from falling into the water. They kept a close eye at Katie after that. Another summer Katie was three years old, she liked to touch everything. But Dad didn’t watch her every minute when she tried to catch small ducks around or fish from water. “Kee-aah! Kee-aah!” The gull’s cry brought Dad back in time. He stopped Katie as she tried to follow the small ducks running towards water. Several summers passed, and Gulliver continued to call out as Katie tried new things.
This summer Katie did the usual by-the-sea things she’d learned to do. One day, she rowed a boat out but was trapped on a rock by a storm. As she looked up and tried to catch the last warmth of the sunshine through dark clouds, she saw a single white feather. A gull feather She searched the sky for an answer. Putting her arms around knees, she closed eyes to hold in the tears (眼泪). “Kee-aah! Kee-aah!” Katie sat up. “Katie! Katie!” Soon, Dad and Uncle Ralph appeared. “How lucky! We heard Gulliver as we came around the rocks,” Uncle Ralph said, “At least … it sounded like him. Strange, he was nowhere in sight.” Katie remembered the feather. “I thought I heard him, too.”
—Adapted from the story by Gillian Richardson
39．Katie took a camera to the harbour in order to take a picture of ________.
A．Gulliver B．Ernest C．sparrows D．boats
40．What’s the right order of the following events about Katie
①She was trapped on a rock by a storm.
②She lay in her stroller on the floating dock.
③She followed the small ducks running towards water.
A．①②③ B．①③② C．②③① D．②①③
41．Which of the following can show the change of Katie’s feelings in Paragraph 3
A．sad—peaceful—excited B．sad—excited—nervous
C．helpless—hopeful—thankful D．helpless—thankful—nervous
42．What’s the best title for the story
A．Katie and Gulliver B．Katie’s Holidays
C．Katie and Dad D．Katie’s Tears
（三）（2023·山东济南·统考中考真题）
Like most parents, mine spent much time advising me to take part in activities outside school. However, they never forced me, and I never found anything I was interested in. Then one day a friend at school told me about a local dance group and asked if I wanted to go with her. So after school we went to talk to the dance teacher. She explained everything to us and we both decided to join.
My parents were really pleased to hear I’d finally chosen dancing. They think if you develop an interest in doing something yourself, it will be easier to succeed.
I’ve now been attending the dancing classes for 3 years and I really enjoy it. We are organized into age groups, and at 16 I’m now in the oldest class. There are classes of swing dance, ballet (芭蕾舞), street dance and folk dance. I practice street dance and I’m quite good at it. I also help out leading some of the younger children.
We also take part in events like local and even national dance shows, and relatives turn up to see their children perform. My parents are proud of me as they tell me all the time.
Now I’ll be too old to continue dancing with the group. However, I have already made plans to continue with them. The dance school has become very successful and is opening new classes. The director has asked if I’d like to be one of the group leaders and of course I said “yes”!
— By Julie, 16
43．Who made Julie decide to join the local dance group
A．Her parents. B．Her teacher. C．Her friend. D．Herself.
44．According to Julie’s parents, what is more important to be successful
A．Interest. B．Hard work. C．Courage. D．Pride.
45．When did Julie attend the dancing classes
A．1 year ago. B．2 years ago. C．3 years ago. D．4 years ago.
46．What kind of dance is Julie good at
A．Swing dance. B．Ballet. C．Street dance. D．Folk dance.
47．How does Julie feel about her future development
A．Unhappy. B．Clear. C．Scared. D．Worried.
（四）（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）
I have an 11-year-old son named Peter. I knew that playing sports would be good to our son. He would get some exercise, learn about teamwork and learn some physical skills. We continually encouraged him to have a try, but after a while it was clear that he didn’t like team sports, and there was nothing we could do to change it.
We decided not to push him to take part in sports, even though most of his friends did sports. As time went by, we gradually realized that we had made the right decision. Don’t misunderstand (误解) me. I have nothing against sports. Now my son isn’t interested in sports, but I’m not pushing him to do sports. Here are the reasons:
I want him to know I accept him unconditionally. I don’t even want Peter to feel that I will love him only if he behaves in a certain way or takes part in some activities. Whether he succeeds or fails, he will always be my son, and that will never change.
I want him to form his own path (道路) in life. His path doesn’t have to be the same as mine. In fact, we both have similar interests in several areas like music, computers and Star Wars, but we’re also different in many ways. Peter needs to be free to go his own path.
I want him to know that I don’t judge (判断) my worth by his achievements. Every father will feel proud of his son if he can make great achievements. So most parents always push them so hard. Sometimes we have seen ourselves indirectly through our own sons. Their achievements remind us of our wonderful days in the past. We must make sure we don’t want to make up for (弥补) our own regrets by pushing our sons to climb higher and go further than we did.
48．The advantages of doing sports don’t include ________.
A．getting some exercise B．getting some exam skills
C．learning about teamwork D．learning some physical skills
49．What was the writer’s final decision
A．Our son must master a kind of sport.
B．He should do the same thing as his friends.
C．We didn’t push him to do sports he disliked.
D．We would push him to find what he was good at.
50．What does the underlined word “unconditionally” mean
A．慎重地 B．无条件地 C．不耐烦地 D．犹豫地
51．How many reasons does the father give for not pushing his son to take part in sports
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
52．Which sentence can best describe the father in this passage
A．He is a wise and open-minded father.
B．He doesn’t care about his son’s future.
C．He is brave and knows when to give up.
D．He is rich enough to support the whole family.
（五）（2023·浙江衢州·统考中考真题）
Tom always lived for grades. He was always interested in books and ideas. Why should he care about people They only made fun of him. They were jealous (妒忌的) because he was so smart, or so he thought. It seemed that Tom knew everything — except one thing. He didn’t know how to get along with other people.
He made his parents believe that school was a waste of time, so he began home schooling with special teachers. He dreamed of being the youngest person to enter university, and he sent letters to famous professors (教授) to see if it was possible.
One day, the doorbell rang. When Tom opened the door, there was his idol—Professor Rosen. Tom was so excited that he could hardly speak. The two talked for a long time, exchanging ideas. The professor was surprised at what this young boy knew. “Tom, tell me about your friends. What do you do for fun ” the professor wanted to know.
There was silence as Tom realised that he didn’t really have any friends. “Well, I don’t have time for all that. I’m too busy with my studies,” he said.
“That’s a problem, Tom. You have to learn that the world is not just filled with ideas. It’s filled with people. And you have to remember to be what you are … a boy. Boys need to have fun.”
The professor talked a bit more and then said, “I have to go, but I have a test for you. In this box, there are three things. I want you to learn how to use them. It is not very simple and you’ll need another person to help you. Experiment and learn how to use them, and I’ll be back in a week to see how you’re doing. Then, I’ll have another test for you.”
The professor left and Tom opened the box. Inside were two baseball gloves and a ball. He tried on a glove and picked up the ball, looking at the other glove with a bright smile …
53．What does the underlined word “it” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Writing letters. B．Attending university early.
C．Studying at home. D．Visiting famous professors.
54．What do Professor Rosen’s words mean in Paragraph 5
A．It’s good for Tom to share new ideas with his teachers.
B．It’s important for Tom to remember what he’s learnt.
C．It’s necessary for Tom to realise what his problem is.
D．It’s helpful for Tom to know the differences among people.
55．Why did Professor Rosen set the first test for Tom according to the text
A．To improve Tom’s testing skills.
B．To check Tom’s language level.
C．To stop Tom from being silent.
D．To encourage Tom to make friends.
56．What will Tom probably do next according to the text
A．Work much harder on his studies.
B．Give the box back to the professor.
C．Go out to play baseball with someone.
D．Ask for more information by letter.
（六）（2023·山东日照·中考真题）
Once there was a manager who had a team of around 40 hardworking members. Everything seemed perfect except for one thing: the group has a hard time communicating and sharing information with each other.
Then one day, the manager had an idea. He decided to take his group on a team outing and personally prepared games of 3 rounds.
During the first round, the manager told everyone to blow a balloon and write their names without popping （弄破）it. And soon the team members did it successfully.
After that, the leader told them to wait outside for the next round. When they were asked to enter the room again, the members saw many more balloons without names all around the room.
The manager told his team to search for the balloon that belongs to them. The first three persons to bring him the balloon will win, while those who pop the balloon will be out of the game.
15 minutes had already passed and not a single one was able to identify（确认）his balloon, and that’s why the manager decided to go on to the third round instead. For the third round, the manager told his young group to pick any balloons from the room and give it to the person whose name was on it.
Within a couple of minutes, everyone had his balloon with his own name. The manager went on to tell his members how they were not able to search for their balloons in the second round because everyone was fixing too much attention on his own target. However, in just a short time, they were able to do the third round because of the power of teamwork and sharing with each other.
57．What were the team asked to do in the first round
A．To share their information.
B．To identity their own balloons.
C．To give the balloons 10 the manager.
D．To blow the balloons and write their names.
58．Why did the team fail in the second round
A．Some of them popped the balloons.
B．Each focused on his own balloon.
C．Only three of them found the balloons.
D．None of the balloons had names on them.
59．What does the underlined word “target” mean
A．interest B．goal C．direction D．choice
60．What’s the manager’s purpose in preparing the games
A．To find out the most talented members.
B．To free the team from the stress in their work.
C．To remind the team of the importance of teamwork.
D．To encourage the team members to work harder.
答案与解析
（一）
（2023·浙江·模拟预测）
There was a story many years ago of a school teacher—Mrs. Thompson. She told the children on the first day that she loved them all the same. But that was a lie. There in the front row was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard. He didn’t play well with the other children and he always needed a bath. She did not like him.
Then Mrs. Thompson got to know that Teddy was actually a very good boy before the death of his mother. Mrs. Thompson was ashamed of herself. She felt even worse when, like all her other students, Teddy brought her a Christmas present, too. It was his mother’s perfume.
Teddy said, “Mrs. Thompson, today you smell just like my Mom used to.” After the children left, she cried for at least an hour. On that very day, she stopped teaching reading, writing and math. Instead, she began to teach children.
Mrs. Thompson paid particular attention to Teddy. The boy’s mind seemed to come alive. The more she encouraged him, the faster he improved. By the end of the sixth grade, Teddy had become one of the smartest children in the class.
Six years went by before she got a note from Teddy. He wrote that he had finished high school, third in his class, and she was still the best teacher he ever had in his whole life. He went to college. Mrs. Thompson got two more letters from him with the last one signed, Theodore F. Stoddard, M. D. (医学博士).
The story doesn’t end there. On his wedding day, Dr. Stoddard whispered in Mrs. Thompson’s ear, “Thank you, Mrs. Thompson, for believing in me. You made me feel important and showed me that I could make a difference.”
Mrs. Thompson, with tears in her eyes, whispered back, “Teddy, you have it all wrong. You were the one who taught me that I could make a difference. I didn’t know how to teach until I met you.”
1．What did Mrs. Thompson do on the first day of school
A．She made Teddy feel ashamed.
B．She told the class something untrue about herself.
C．She changed Teddy’s seat to the front row.
D．She asked the children to play with Teddy.
2．What did Mrs. Thompson find out about Teddy
A．He often told lies. B．He was good at math.
C．He needed motherly care. D．He enjoyed playing with others.
3．Why did Mrs. Thompson feel even worse
A．Because her students didn’t like her.
B．Because Teddy brought her his mother’s perfume as Christmas present.
C．Because she was very ill.
D．Because she couldn’t do well in her teaching.
4．In what way did Mrs. Thompson change
A．She taught fewer school subjects.
B．She became stricter with her students.
C．She no longer liked her job as a teacher.
D．She cared more about educating students.
5．Why did Teddy thank Mrs. Thompson at his wedding
A．She had kept in touch with him.
B．She had given him encouragement.
C．She had sent him Christmas presents.
D．She had taught him how to judge people.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一位学校老师汤普森夫人因为一个失去了母亲的孩子而变得更关注孩子教育的故事。
1． 细节理解题。根据“She told the children on the first day that she loved them all the same. But that was a lie.”可知，汤普森夫人在开学的第一天就对全班说了一些不真实的事情。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“Then Mrs. Thompson got to know that Teddy was actually a very good boy before the death of his mother.”可知，特迪的妈妈去世了，因此特迪需要母亲般的关怀，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“She felt even worse when, like all her other students, Teddy brought her a Christmas present, too. It was his mother’s perfume.”可知，因为特迪把他妈妈的香水作为圣诞礼物送给了她，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“On that very day, she stopped teaching reading, writing and math. Instead, she began to teach children.”可知，汤普森夫人的改变在于她更关心教育学生，故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“Thank you, Mrs. Thompson, for believing in me. You made me feel important and showed me that I could make a difference.”可知他感谢汤普森夫人相信他，让他觉得自己很重要，并且相信他可以有所作为，可见她给了他鼓励。故选B。
（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中学校考模拟预测）
Love, joy and the warm feeling of getting together don’t cost a thing. But gifts do cost money. So what should a poor family do
When I was 10, I told my mother that the only thing I wanted for the New Year was a pogo stick (弹簧单高跷). However, my mother said it was so expensive that we couldn’t afford one.
On a Saturday before New Year, my family went shopping together. While my mother and I were picking out the gifts, my dad said, “I’ll be back soon-I need to see something in the tool area.” A moment later, he came back with a long box. I remembered wondering if there was a pogo stick in it.
When we arrived home, my dad put the box in the garage. While my parents were busy with their chores, I quietly walked out to the garage and found the box. I was so excited and I knew as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom (扫帚).
That New Year morning, I got some gifts like a tiger toy and a saving pot, but I didn’t get the present that I really wanted. How upset I felt at that moment though I didn’t want my parents to see!
After cleaning up the room, my dad went to the garage. When he came back, he was carrying a beautiful pogo stick. I couldn’t believe it! My parents probably got quite a laugh from the trick they played on me.
Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all: lots of love. That was over 60 years ago and I still think about those wonderful memories. They were full of my childhood. I will never forget all the joy my parents brought into my life.
6．What did the writer see in the long box when he opened it
A．Pogo stick. B．An old broom. C．A tiger toy. D．A saving pot.
7．How did the writer feel at the time he received the beautiful pogo stick
A．Excited. B．Upset. C．Unbelievable. D．Scared.
8．What does the underlined word “They” refer to according to the passage
A．The writer’s parents. B．The pogo sticks.
C．Some nice gifts. D．The wonderful memories.
9．What can we infer from the passage
A．The writer can always get what he wants from his parents.
B．His parents gave the writer enough love although he was born in poor.
C．The writer is about 60 years old now.
D．The writer felt disappointed with his parents.
10．What does the writer want to tell us from the passage
A．Parents should satisfy all their children’s needs.
B．Kids shouldn’t ask parents for any gifts.
C．It’s good to play some tricks on each other sometimes.
D．The most expensive gift may not cost much money but full of love.
【答案】6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了在新年期间作者收到了自己心仪的礼物——弹簧单高跷，作者永远不会忘记父母无条件的爱所带来的美好的回忆。
6．细节理解题。根据“Inside the box was a silly old broom.”可知，盒子里面是一把旧扫帚。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“I couldn’t believe it!”可知，当作者看到礼物弹簧单高跷时，感到难以置信。故选C。
8．词句猜测题。根据“That was over 60 years ago and I still think about those wonderful memories.”可猜知，此处指以前的美好记忆。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据“Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all: lots of love.”可推知，尽管这位作者出身贫寒，但他的父母给予了他足够的爱。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据“Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all: lots of love.”和通读全文可知，作者想告诉我们：最贵的礼物可能不会花很多钱，但是充满了爱。故选D。
（2023·陕西西安·西安市铁一中学校考模拟预测）
Jiang Danni is a 24-year-old volunteer from East China. She has volunteered in schools in Lebanon and countries in Africa. And her videos about her experience have caught many people’s attention.
After graduating from university in 2020, Danni chose to work in Africa for a year and then took a trip to seven countries. A primary school in Uganda stopped her. She had a peaceful time getting to know the children at the school. She taught children in Grades One to Four. Danni set up different kinds of classes for her students, including Chinese language learning, and crafts (手工艺). Danni also tried to care for the students. While staying at a school in Tanzania, she usually went to the town which was far away from school to buy delicious food for the kids.
In 2022, Danni arrived in Lebanon in Asia and became a volunteer teacher at a school. This time she taught arts and crafts to her students. She included some interesting activities in her teaching such as paper cutting and the making of paper ice cream in class. Her students all worked hard and enjoyed the creative activities.
▲ Everytime Danni arrived at the school, they would run to give her a hug or small gifts such as candy. And after school, they would invite her to their homes.
“I enjoyed spending beautiful moments with them. Their smiling faces gave me energy and encouraged me to find meaning in volunteer work in different places,” Danni said. She has decided to further develop her dream to help others as a lifetime career (终身事业).
11．Where did Danni do volunteer work at first
A．In Africa.
B．In America.
C．In Asia.
D．In Europe.
12．What did Danni teach in the school in Lebanon
①Chinese. ②Cooking. ③Crafts. ④Arts.
A．①②
B．②③
C．①④
D．③④
13．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．Danni enjoyed helping others.
B．The children there were poor but happy.
C．Danni got on really well with the children.
D．The smiles on the children’s faces moved Danni.
【答案】11．A 12．D 13．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一位24岁的中国志愿者蒋丹妮的志愿工作经历。
11．细节理解题。根据“After graduating from university in 2020, Danni chose to work in Africa for a year and then took a trip to seven countries. ”可知丹妮最初在非洲做志愿者工作。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“In 2022, Danni arrived in Lebanon in Asia and became a volunteer teacher at a school. This time she taught arts and crafts to her students.”可知她在黎巴嫩教授学生手工艺和美术。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据“Every time Danni arrived at the school, they would run to give her a hug or small gifts such as candy. And after school, they would invited her to their homes.”可知，孩子们会拥抱她、给她小礼物，还会邀请她去他们的家里，说明丹妮和孩子们相处得很好。故选C。
（2023·吉林长春·校联考模拟预测）
Life has a way of shaping us. Life can make you doubt your purpose. These are thoughts that I have had in my mind for many years. Poetry (诗) prepares me for my purpose. My purpose is poetry.
In my journey towards purpose, poetry is my safety net. I started writing poems at the age of 5. By 13, I had written quite a lot of poems. Poetry was my escape (解脱) from being bullied (欺凌) by my classmates. They bullied me because of the way I looked. This bullying gave me low confidence. Poetry was my way to be seen, be heard and be known.
At each important moment in my life, I wrote poetry. In difficult times, I wrote poetry. It helped me get away from the pain. However, writing poetry couldn’t support me. So I turned to teaching instead.
While living in China, my job was an English teacher. The two Chinese teachers I worked with gave me advice on how to teach the students English. The students’ needs of studying decided what I needed to do in the classroom. With challenging situations like this, I continued writing poetry. I wrote down my feelings. I accepted a new me, I learned to think positively (积极地). My relationship with poetry grew over time. Poetry stayed in my spirit deeply.
There is nothing stopping you. The only person standing in your way is yourself. You have the power. Keep going. Keep believing. Remember that your hard work is not in vain. Go for it! Your purpose is waiting for you!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
14．When did the writer start writing poems
A．At the age of 5. B．At the age of 13.
C．When she was bullied by her classmate. D．When she was in China.
15．Why did the writer say poetry is her safety net
A．Because it was a way for her to make friends.
B．Because it made her popular around her classmate.
C．Because it gave her a sense of achievement.
D．Because it helped her get away from the pain.
16．Which is the right order of the following things
①The writer started writing poems.
②The writer worked in China as an English teacher.
③The writer’s relationship with poetry grew over time.
④The writer was bullied and she wrote lots of poems to escape.
A．①③②④ B．②④③① C．①④②③ D．②①③④
17．What does the underlined word “in vain” mean
A．important B．necessary C．helpless D．successful
18．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Failure is the mother of success.
B．A strong will can help us achieve our purpose.
C．Work hard to dig up the depths of your spirit.
D．Be brave and say no if being treated unfairly.
【答案】14．A 15．D 16．C 17．C 18．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者的目标是诗歌，她一直努力去达到她的目标。
14．细节理解题。根据“I started writing poems at the age of 5.”可知，我从5岁开始写诗。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据“Poetry was my escape (解脱) from being bullied (欺凌) by my classmates. They bullied me because of the way I looked. This bullying gave me low confidence. Poetry was my way to be seen, be heard and be known.”可知，诗歌是我逃避被同学欺负的一种方式。他们因为我的长相欺负我。这种欺凌让我信心低落。诗歌是我让别人看到、听到和了解我的方式。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“I started writing poems at the age of 5.”，“Poetry was my escape (解脱) from being bullied (欺凌) by my classmates.”，“While living in China, my job was an English teacher.”和“My relationship with poetry grew over time.”可知，正确的顺序是①④②③，故选C。
17．词句猜测题。根据“Remember that your hard work is not in vain. Go for it! Your purpose is waiting for you!”可知，记住，你的努力不会白费。去吧！你的目标在等着你！此处“in vain”的意思是“白费”，故选C。
18．主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者的目标是诗歌，她一直努力去达到她的目标。选项B“坚强的意志可以帮助我们达到目的”符合主题，故选B。
（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）
What can you achieve in five days Learn a dance Read a book Or go on a road trip What about winning four gold medals You may think it is impossible, but a teenage girl has done just that!
Last October, at the 2022 ISSF World Championships in Cairo, Egypt, Pang Yuqian won four gold medals in the 50-meter rifle (步枪) events in five days. It was her first international competition, but Pang, an 18-year-old high school student from Sichuan, made quite a debut (首次亮相).
It is widely known that a lot of things are required of a player in shooting sports, and one of them is concentration. “She is little, thin and quiet, but she will put all her attention on the rifle as long as she holds it in her hands.” Pang’s coach said. What’s more, she is strict with herself and often asks her coach for advice even though she is a natural for the sport. Before winning the four medals, she practiced really hard. Now, thanks to years of training, Pang is already a world-class shooter.
After winning the four gold medals, Pang kept telling her parents to keep a low profile (保持低调) and asked them not to post anything about her or her achievements on WeChat Moments, but her mom didn’t listen. She shared the story of her daughter online anyway, but who can blame (责怪) her After all, not everyone can achieve in a lifetime what Pang has already achieved as a teenager.
Pang shot for the moon and got it. What a great role model to us! Come on, everyone, let’s make big plans and dream big dreams. Even if we miss the moon, we’ll still land among the stars!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
19．What does the writer think of winning four gold medals in five days
A．Normal. B．Unbelievable. C．Easy. D．Interesting.
20．Which is the right order of the following facts
①Pang practiced hard before the competition.
②Pang won four gold medals in the 50-meter rifle events.
③Pang told her parents not to post anything about her on the Internet.
④Pang’s mom shared Pang’s achievements online.
A．②①③④ B．①②③④ C．①②④③ D．②①④③
21．What does the underlined word “concentration” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．毅力 B．坚持 C．专注 D．活力
22．Why did Pang’s mom want to share Pang’s story with others
A．Because she wanted to show off.
B．Because she was proud of her daughter and wanted to share her happiness.
C．Because she wanted her daughter to become better.
D．Because she wanted others to praise her daughter.
23．Which is the best title of the passage
A．An Important Shooting Experience. B．Four Gold Medals.
C．A Debut in an International Competition. D．She Shot the Moon.
【答案】19．B 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个十几岁的女孩在五天内赢得四枚金牌的故事。
19．细节理解题。根据“What about winning four gold medals You may think it is impossible, but a teenage girl has done just that!”可知，在五天内获得了四枚金牌是一件不可思议的事情，故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“Before winning the four medals, she practiced really hard”“Pang Yuqian won four gold medals in the 50-meter rifle (步枪) events in five days”“After winning the four gold medals, Pang kept telling her parents to keep a low profile (保持低调) and asked them not to post anything about her or her achievements on WeChat Moments, but her mom didn’t listen. She shared the story of her daughter online anyway”可知，正确的排序是：在比赛前努力练习——她获得了四枚金牌——她告诉家人不要在网络上发布任何关于她的消息——她的妈妈在网上分享了她取得的成绩，故选B。
21．词义猜测题。根据“but she will put all her attention on the rifle as long as she holds it in her hands.”可知，划线词所在句子表示射击运动对运动员的注意力要求很高，所以划线词表示“专注”，故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“After all, not everyone can achieve in a lifetime what Pang has already achieved as a teenager.”可知，毕竟，并不是每个人都能在一生中实现她女儿的成就，所以妈妈想跟别人分享女儿的故事，因为她为女儿感到骄傲，故选B。
23．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个十几岁的女孩在五天内赢得四枚金牌的故事，所以适合本文的标题是：四枚金牌，故选B。
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）
Life is like a journey. None of us can predict the destination (终点) of this journey. During this journey, we will enjoy beautiful scenery and encounter bad weather with thunderstorms. People have different experiences, but in this journey, we all have to face all kinds of situations. No matter what we experience, we should have a dream and hold it until the end of our journey.
We can’t set our goals too high, which will only make us have no time to enjoy ourselves along the way. Every day, we have to move forward in a hurry, just like climbing countless mountains. When we climb a mountain, there are many higher mountains waiting for us to climb. That way, we are likely to give up our dreams, because it seems impossible for us to reach the peak. We should start from own reality and enjoy the beauty of life. We should not only live for our goals, but also live for ourselves.
Learn to love. During the journey of life, we are not alone. There are many people with us, family, friends, teachers and so on. They give us love and care and we should love and respect them, including strangers. Be nice to others, and the world will be nice to us.
Treat the journey of life calmly and patiently, wait for the flowers to bloom and fall, and enjoy the clouds. The beauty of peace of mind is even more fascinating. A calm heart is like a clear blue sky without dark clouds, like a pool of clear water without any pollution, and like the light on green leaves, giving us hope and courage.
All in all, we should cherish everyone, everything and every scenery we see. Life is too short. Be kind to yourself, live in the present and let life show its beauty, because we only have one life. Please feel the scenery along the way with your heart!
24．According to paragraph 1, what can you infer
A．Everyone can know what the end of their life is like.
B．Either bad things or good things, you will experience in your life.
C．You may stick to your dream till you die.
D．Thunderstorms here refers to good situations.
25．Why can’t we set our goal too high
A．Because high goals are too easy.
B．Because high goals are hard to set.
C．Because high goals make us climb countless mountains.
D．Because high goals are so difficult to achieve that we would give them up.
26．During our journey of life, whom should we love and respect
A．Parents. B．Strangers.
C．Friends. D．All of the above.
27．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
A． B． C． D．
28．What is the best title for the passage
A．Be calm and patient B．Enjoy our journey of life
C．Love everyone around us D．Never give up our dreams
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．D 27．C 28．B
【导语】本文讲述了人生如旅程，在这趟旅程中，我们要怀揣梦想并且坚持到底，而且不要把目标定得太高，要学会如何去爱以及平静且耐心地对待人生这趟旅程。最后，作者呼吁大家要珍惜眼前的一切，人生短暂且人只活一次，要用心感受沿途的风景。
24．推理判断题。根据“No matter what we experience, we should have a dream and hold it until the end of our journey.”可知，无论我们经历了什么，我们都应该怀揣梦想并坚持到旅程的终点。由此可推知，人可以坚持自己的梦想，直到死去。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据“We can’t set our goals too high, which will only make us have no time to enjoy ourselves along the way ...That way, we are likely to give up our dreams, because it seems impossible for us to reach the peak.”可知，若目标定得太高，我们会因为不太可能完成目标而选择放弃。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据“During the journey of life, we are not alone. There are many people with us, family, friends, teachers and so on. They give us love and care and we should love and respect them, including strangers.”可知，我们要爱和尊重家人、朋友、老师等等，其中也包括陌生人。故选D。
27．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总起全文，点题说明人生就像一趟旅程，我们会在旅程中遇到各种各样的情况，我们要怀揣梦想且坚持到底；第二段、第三段和第四段分别建议了我们在人生这趟旅程中应该怎么做——不要把目标定得太高、学会去爱、平静且耐心地对待人生；第五段升华主题，呼吁大家珍惜所有，人生短暂，要善待自己，活在当下，要用心去感受沿途风景。所以本文的篇章结构如选项C所示。故选C。
28．最佳标题题。根据最后一段“All in all, we should cherish everyone, everything and every scenery we see. Life is too short. Be kind to yourself, live in the present and let life show its beauty, because we only have one life. Please feel the scenery along the way with your heart!”和通读全文后可知，本文讲述了人生如旅程，在这趟旅程中，我们要怀揣梦想并且坚持到底，而且不要把目标定得太高，要学会如何去爱以及平静且耐心地对待人生这趟旅程。最后，作者呼吁大家要珍惜眼前的一切，人生短暂且人只活一次，要用心感受沿途的风景。所以文章的最佳标题应是选项B“享受我们的人生旅程”，符合文意。故选B。
（一）（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）
Ray was a naughty (淘气的) student. But he was smart and hard-working. And he never lost a race or a chess game. He always came first in school. He was so pleased with himself that he would always refuse to help others.
“Ray, are you able to go to the market and buy some eggs ” asked his mother. Ray gave an excuse and refused, “Sorry, Mom. I would be busy with my homework.”
Jack, one of Ray’s friends, wanted his help and asked, “Please help me solve this math problem.” “You must use your brain and solve it yourself.” replied the arrogant (傲慢的) Ray. Only one thing was important to Ray. His precious (珍贵的) pen! He considered it as his lucky pen. But one day Ray lost the pen.
Worried Ray looked everywhere for the pen, but couldn’t find it. Helplessly, he went to his mother for help, “Mom, I lost my lucky pen! Please help me find it. I have a test tomorrow.”
His mother ignored (不理睬) his request and said, “I’m sorry. I’m going out with Aunty Christme.”
With tears rolling down his eyes. Ray asked his friend for help, “I have lost my lucky pen. I cannot finish the test without it. Please help me find it!” “I’m sorry, Ray. I have to revise for tomorrow’s test. I don’t have time to waste.” Jack replied.
Ray sat at his desk, crying his eyes out, when his mother walked in to give his lucky pen to him. “I found it under the sofa in the drawing room.” said his mother.
“Many thanks. Mom!” said Ray. And thus, Ray learnt his lesson.
After that day, Ray helped everyone when possible for him.
35．To Ray’s mother and Jack, Ray was ________.
A．perfect B．unhelpful C．careless D．warm-hearted
36．Which of the following is TRUE about Ray
A．He told lies to his mother. B．He refused his friend’s help.
C．He helped his friend with math. D．He needed help to find his pen.
37．How did Ray learn his lesson
A．By taking a test. B．By helping others.
C．By sharing kindness. D．By experiencing worries.
38．What can we learn from the Passage
A．Asking for help necessary. B．Helping others brings happiness.
C．Helping others is to help ourselves. D．Looking for excuses for ourselves useless.
【答案】35．B 36．D 37．D 38．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个聪明优秀但又自私的男孩，因为丢失了自己心爱的幸运笔，在获得了别人的帮助下让他明白自私是不对的。
35．推理判断题。根据“Ray gave an excuse and refused, ‘Sorry, Mom. I would be busy with my homework.’”和“‘You must use your brain and solve it yourself.’ replied the arrogant (傲慢的) Ray.”可知，对雷的母亲和杰克来说，雷不帮什么忙。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据“Mom, I lost my lucky pen! Please help me find it. I have a test tomorrow.”和“I have lost my lucky pen. I cannot finish the test without it. Please help me find it!”可知，雷需要人帮忙找到他的钢笔。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据“Ray sat at his desk, crying his eyes out”和前文提到的妈妈和杰克的反应可知，雷从忧虑中吸取了教训。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据“He was so pleased with himself that he would always refuse to help others.”和“After that day, Ray helped everyone when possible for him.”可知，帮助别人就是帮助自己。故选C。
（二）（2023·江苏）
Katie was waiting for Gulliver’s calls. Instead, she just heard sparrows making noise in the bushes. “Maybe Gulliver missed the harbour.” Dad said. After breakfast, Katie took her camera to the harbour. All the colourful boats made