2024年中考英语总复习课件：攻略二 词法第7讲 谓语动词的时态(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
第二部分 语法攻略
攻略二 词法
第7讲 谓语动词的时态
考点一 一般现在时
1.（2022·江西完形填空B节选）
desert space heavy be when woman Chinese love hot see then
Wang ______ her job. She remembers watching the first Chinese
astronaut go into space.
loves
2.（2020·江西完形填空B节选）
because bring city easy even goal important make repeat they
The bus _______ special science teachers, new ideas and
equipment to schools in different parts of the country.
3.（2015·江西完形填空B节选）
brings
Another carry control have life well tree so usual wild
Every working elephant ____ its own keeper. An elephant and its
keeper meet for the first time when they are both young, and they
grow up together.
has
考点二 一般将来时
1.（2023·江西单项填空）I've just got two tickets! I ___ to see the
new movie with Tony.
C
A.go B.went C.will go D.have gone
2.（2022·江西单项填空）Don't leave your toys on the table, or I ___
them away.
B
A.threw B.will throw C.have thrown D.was throwing
3.（2019·江西单项填空）—I've never seen Mr. Taylor before.
—Don't worry. I ___ him to you before the meeting.
A
A.will introduce B.introduced C.have introduced D.had introduced
4.（2022·北京单项填空）Don't lose heart. If you keep working hard,
you ___ some day.
A
A.will succeed B.succeed C.succeeded D.have succeeded
考点三 一般过去时
1.（2020·江西单项填空）I don't know the words to a lot of songs, but
I do know some folk songs that my grandma ___ me at an early age.
B
A.teaches B.taught C.will teach D.has taught
2.（2019·江西完形填空B节选）
this explain skill say information than again polite available smile
Your choice of words can make a big difference, too. For example,
if you have not heard what a caller _____, it is much more polite to
say “I'm sorry. Could you say that again, please ” than to simply say
“What ”.
said
3.（2023·四川泸州单项选择）—Which teacher will you miss the most
after graduation
—Mrs. Chen. She encouraged me a lot when I ___ the English exam.
C
A.fail B.was failing C.failed D.have failed
考点四 现在进行时
1.（2023·江西单项填空）—What's that noise, Tom
—Oh, some children ___ in the yard.
B
A.play B.are playing C.played D.will play
2.（2022·江西单项填空）—Sssh! Be quiet. I'm on the phone.
—Who ____ you ________ to, mom
A.do, speak B.are, speaking C.will, speak D.have, spoken
B
3.（2021·江西单项填空）—What's that terrible noise
—It's John. He ___ the violin.
B
A.practiced B.is practicing C.was practicing D.has practiced
4.（2020·江西单项填空）—The coffee's finished!
—Oh, sorry! I ___ to the shop to get some.
A
A.am going B.was going C.went D.have gone
5.（2019·江西单项填空）—Hurry up!
—One moment. I ___ my e-mails and then I'm ready to go.
B
A.read B.am reading C.was reading D.have read
考点五 过去进行时
1.（2023·湖北恩施语言运用）—I called you last night, but nobody
answered. What were you doing at this time yesterday
—Oh, sorry! I ___ the piano.
A
A.was playing B.played C.would play
2.（2023·辽宁营口单项选择）Tim ___ Touching China on CCTV with
his family from 8:00 to 9:00 last Saturday evening.
A
A.was watching B.will watch C.watched D.has watched
3.（2023·天津单项填空）While we ___ an English song, some visitors
came to our class.
C
A.sing B.will sing C.were singing D.are singing
考点六 现在完成时
1.（2021·江西单项填空）—How do we turn on the oven
—I ___ you, weren't you listening
D
A.tell B.am telling C.will tell D.have told
2.（2023·河北单项选择）This book must be great. My sister ___ it
five times.
B
A.reads B.has read C.is reading D.was reading
一、一般现在时
1.结构和用法
基本 结构 “主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数”
用法 ①表示经常发生的动作、行为或存在的状态
②表示客观真理、客观存在的事物或科学事实
③表示现在的状态、能力、性格、个性
④在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来
的动作
时间 状语 常与always、often、usually、sometimes、ever、never、seldom
等表示频度的副词或on Sundays、on Monday afternoon、every
day、every morning、in the evening、three times a week等时
间状语连用
否定 及 疑 问形 式 当谓语动词是行为动词，借用助动词构成否定句或疑问句时，
谓语动词要用原形
续表
（1）当主语是复数名词或第一、二人称代词时，谓语动词用原形。
（2）当主语是单数名词、不可数名词或第三人称单数时，谓语动
词用第三人称单数形式。
2.动词的第三人称单数变化的规则
动词第三人称单数形式的构成方法与可数名词变复数的方法基本相同。
规则总结 例词
一般在动词的词尾加-s look—looks；
read—reads；
stop—stops
规则总结 例词
以字母s、x、ch、sh或o 结尾的动词加-es miss—misses；
fix—fixes；
watch—watches；
wash—washes；
go—goes
续表
规则总结 例词
辅音字母以y结尾的动 词，先变y为i再加-es carry—carries；
hurry—hurries；
cry—cries
【注意】（1） be动词的三种形式：am、 is、 are （2） 特殊情况： have—has
续表
二、一般将来时
结构和用法
基本结构 ①be going to+动词原形
②shall（will）+动词原形
③be+to do
用法 ①将来某个时候将要发生的动作或存在的状态
②将来要做某事的计划或打算
③将来经常或反复发生的动作
时间状语 tomorrow短语、next短语、in the future、soon、in
2030（具体的将来时间）
否定及疑问形 式 否定形式：
①be not going to+动词原形
②shall（will） not+动词原形
③be not+to do
一般疑问句式的结构：
①Are/Is/Am+主语+其他
②Shall/Will+主语+实义动词+其他
③Be+主语+to do
续表
【拓展】一些动词（如come、go、leave、begin、start、move、do等）
用现在进行时结构表示将要发生的动作
续表
三、一般过去时
1.定义和用法
基本结构 主语+动词过去式+其他
用法 ①表示过去某特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态
②表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作
③根据上下文语境可知，表示过去发生的动作
时间状语 yesterday短语、last短语、ago短语、just now、in 2010
（具体的过去的时间）
否定及疑问 形式 否定形式有两种：
①was/were+not
②在实义动词前加didn't，同时还原实义动词为原形
一般疑问句式的结构有两种：
①Were/Was+主语+其他
②Did+主语+实义动词+其他
续表
2.动词过去式规则变化总结
规则总结 例词
一般在动词末尾加-ed play—played;
cook—cooked
以不发音的e结尾的加-d like—liked; love—loved
末尾只有一个元音字母和一 个辅音字母的重读闭音节， 应双写末尾的辅音字母，再 加-ed stop—stopped；
plan—planned；
drop—dropped
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y 为i，再加-ed study—studied;
carry—carried
四、现在进行时
1.定义和用法
基本结构 be动词（am、is、are）+动词的-ing形式（现在分词）
用法 ①此时正在发生的动作或存在的状态
②现阶段一直在做的事情
常用标志词、 短语或句子 now、these days、at the moment或
“Look！”“Listen！”“Can you see ”“Can't you see ”
系动词 am、is、are
2.现在分词的构成规则
规则总结 例词
一般在动词的词尾直接加- ing do—doing; jump—jumping;
sleep—sleeping
以不发音的字母e结尾的动 词，去e再加-ing have—having; write—writing; dance—
dancing
一些重读闭音节结尾而且末 尾只有一个辅音字母的动 词，要双写这个辅音字母， 然后再加-ing sit—sitting;
swim—swimming;
run—running
五、现在完成时
1.现在完成时的用法
基本结构 have/has+动词过去分词
用法 ①过去发生的动作一直延续到现在（从过去直到现在）
②过去发生的动作对现在的影响（过去影响现在）
常用时间 状语 for+时间段、since+时间点/一般过去时从句、these days、so
far、already、yet、ever、never、just、before、once、
twice、 in the last/past…
助动词 have/has（第三人称单数用has）
2.have been to、have gone to和have been in/at的区别
3.延续性动词和非延续性动词
（1）动词词义可分为两种：一种是延续性的，另一种是非延续性
的。非延续性动词表示动作的发生与结束在一瞬间完成，不能再延续，
所以它的现在完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语（for+时间段、since+
时间点/从句）连用，也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中。
（2）初中英语课本中常见的非延续性动词有leave、go、come、
arrive、begin、buy、borrow、die、join、become等。非延续性动词要表
示持续时，需转换成延续性动词（或状态动词），如下表所示：
非延续性动词（词组） 延续性动词（词组）
come/go/arrive/get/reach/move be in/at
join the army be in the army/be a soldier
catch a cold have a cold
fall asleep be asleep
open be open
close be closed
begin/start be on
非延续性动词（词组） 延续性动词（词组）
leave be away
end/finish be over
die be dead
borrow keep
put on wear
buy have
续表
六、过去进行时
基本结构 be动词过去式形式（were/was）+动词的-ing形式
（现在分词）
用法 表示过去某个时候或过去一段时间正在进行的动作
常用标志词、 短语或句子 at ten yesterday morning、 at that time、 then、 at
this time last night、 when或while引导的时间状语从
句
系动词 was/were
一、单项填空。
1.The little boy won't go to sleep unless his mom ___ him a story.
A
A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell
2.At 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, my father ___ for me outside the
school gate.
C
A.waits B.waited C.was waiting D.is waiting
3.The workers ___ the community center now.
D
A.cleaned B.were cleaning C.will clean D.are cleaning
4.With the efforts of Chinese government, China ___ absolute poverty
（绝对贫困） in 2021.
C
A.end B.is ended C.ended D.was ended
5.If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you ___ a great time
there.
C
A.have B.had C.will have D.have had
6.I don't know if Lucy ____ to Jack's party next Sunday. If she
________, so will I.
A.goes; goes B.will go; will go C.goes; will go D.will go; goes
D
7.—Has Mr. Green travelled abroad yet
—Not only Mr. and Mrs. Green but also their daughter ___ abroad
twice.
D
A.have gone B.has been to C.has gone D.has been
8.—How long have you ____ this car
—I ________ it last year.
A.bought; bought B.bought; buy C.had; bought D.bought; had
C
9.I ___ almost all the pages of this book, so I can return it in a
minute.
C
A.read B.will read C.have read D.was reading
10.Tom, you ___ in this city since 2019. What do you think of it
A
A.have lived B.live C.lived D.will live
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Chinese Language Day _____ on April 20th of every year, the same
day with Guyu. （fall）
2.The baby pandas often _______ about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos at birth.
（weight）
3.How long have you _____ in Jiangxi （be）
4.At this time yesterday, I ___________ a science exam here. （take）
5.Tony _______ to work in the community last weekend.（help）
falls
weigh
been
was taking
helped
6.The Chinese Women's Football Team _____ the Asian Football Cup
in February, 2022. （win）
7.I want to go home and change the wet clothes, or I __________ a
cold.（catch）
8.The telephone __________. Could you answer it （ring）
won
will catch
is ringing