2024年2月
绵阳南山中学2022级高二下学期2月入学考试试题
英 语
命题人：邓大军 周维娇 审题人：包晓梅
满分150分，考试时间120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What drink will the man order
A. An apple juice. B. A tomato juice. C. A cold beer.
2. What do we know about Jack
A. He will work on the project. B. He is not tough enough. C. He has little patience.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a subway station. B. At an airport. C. In a taxi.
4. What does the woman want to do
A. Have a rest. B. Go to the movies. C. Visit Jeff with the man.
5. What happened to the woman
A. She couldn’t find Mr. Beringer.
B. She was late for an interview.
C. She failed to get a job.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man want to reserve
A. A business suite. B. Two double rooms. C. Three single rooms.
7. When will the man check in
A. On December 16th. B. On December 19th. C. On December 23rd.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where do the speakers prefer to go
A. Hawaii. B. Europe. C. The Bahamas.
9. What will the speakers probably do next
A. Check the travel fees. B. Call their friends. C. Book their flight.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
What does the woman dislike about the play
A. The clothes. B. The acting. C. The set.
11. Who is the man’s old classmate
A. The actress. B. The director. C. The screenwriter.
12. When does the conversation take place
A. At the beginning of a play. B. In the middle of a play. C. At the end of a play.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What did Landon succeed in doing
A. Managing his own business.
B. Completing a degree in Computer.
C. Getting into a college.
14. How much does Jason’s school charge per year now
A. $20,000. B. $40,000. C. $60,000.
15. What does the man think of college education
A. It costs less now. B. It isn’t necessary. C. It is meaningful.
16. What are the speakers talking about
A. What major to choose. B. Whether to go to college. C. How to pay for university.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What should people do to rent a Nice Ride bike
A. Show the ID card. B. Download an app. C. Get the membership card.
18. What encourage more people to choose biking
A. The short supply of gas.
B. Concerns about the environment.
C. The request of the government.
19. Which country has the largest bike-share program
A. Australia. B. The US. C. China.
20. How does the US Department of Transportation support cycling
A. Build on-street bike lanes.
B. Provide thousands of bikes.
C. Start bike-share programs.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
UC Berkeley Youth Recreation Summer Camps
UC Berkeley Youth Recreation will provide a wide variety of one-week outdoor experiences and activities for the youth on summer camps 2024. Here are four best summer camps.
Windsurfing Camp
This camp is designed to teach students the basics of windsurfing, including balance and self-rescues. Through a combination of classroom instruction, demonstration and water time, campers are able to master the basics of the sport. A comfort with wind and water is strongly encouraged. Campers must be ages 10-17 to register. All campers must be able to swim and weigh 100 pounds or more to safely use public windsurfing equipment.
Price: $330. Those who have participated before can receive 10% off.
Sailing Camp
Campers learn and review the essentials of sailing at their experience level on the beautiful San Francisco Bay! 2024 brings exciting updates to the camp and helps sailors master new skills. Previous sailing experience is required. Campers must be ages 12-18 to register. All campers must have basic swimming skills.
Price: $255.
Skateboarding Camp
In this camp, skateboarders will learn mechanics and basic riding skills such as balance, riding switches, and dropping-in. Skaters will be assessed on the first day of the session and the lessons will be adapted to their ability. All participants are educated in skateboard safety. Campers must be ages 8-16 to register. Participants must bring their own skateboard, helmet (头盔) and knee＆elbow pads (护具).
Price: $300. $240 per person for group registration.
Rock Climbing Camp
Learn climbing skills, knot (结) -tying, top-rope climbing and equipment care. Sites include Strawberry Canyon, Remillard, Indian Rock and Cragmont Parks. Campers must be ages 9-15 to register. All campers can enjoy the bus service to and from the campsites.
Price: $275.
21. What is a must for the participants of Windsurfing Camp
A. First aid knowledge. B. Appropriate weight.
C. Previous learning experience. D. Personal protective equipment.
22. What is special about Skateboarding Camp
A. It is intended for primary pupils.
B. It’ll issue certificates of excellence.
C. It bases its lessons on campers’ levels.
D. It gives a 10% discount for group registration.
23. Which camp offers public transportation for camp-goers
A. Windsurfing Camp. B. Sailing Camp.
C. Skateboarding Camp. D.Rock Climbing Camp.
B
During the time when Theodor Geisel was working as a children’s book author, a popular primer (初级读本) for young children involved the story of two characters named Dick and Jane. However, Dick and Jane were boring. Consequently, these boring characters kept children from learning how to read. Writer John Hershey described the problem in a 1954 article in Life magazine. Upon reading it, William Spaulding, the director of Houghton Mifflin, decided to invite Geisel to create an exciting children’s book.
Geisel thought, “No sweat”. But in fact, he did sweat for a year and a half. Accustomed to inventing words at his leisure in his previous books, the imaginative author underestimated how difficult it would be to limit his vocabulary to around 200 words. He stared at Spaulding’s word list for a year but got nothing.
Out of frustration, he finally chose the first two words that rhymed as the title. Cat and hat were what he found. He next worked on what the cat would look like and how he would act. As Geisel wrote, his cat was shaped and inspired by two other cartoon cats he had admired since childhood. The first was from comic Krazy Kat. Geisel’s cat would channel Krazy’s physical appearance. As for its personality, Geisel looked to another cartoon cat for inspiration: Felix the Cat. Felix was adventurous and Geisel’s cat would behave with a similar confidence.
Now that he had a main character, finding things for that character to do within the limitation of the word list was like putting his cat in a straitjacket. As Geisel slowly wrote and rewrote The Cat in the Hat throughout 1956, he figured out a few tricks to help his writing. He would repeat words or phrases, which gave his works a distinct and regular rhythm that helped young readers learn words through look-say repetition.
Upon publication in 1957, The Cat in the Hat was an instant hit and made Geisel a world famous children’s book author.
24. What made it hard for Geisel to create his story
A. The restriction of word selections. B. Criticisms from another writer.
C. The publisher’s demand for quality. D. The change of his writing topic.
25. What do we know about the cat in Geisel’s book
A. It is as confident as Krazy. B. It is dressed in a straitjacket.
C. It takes after Felix in appearance. D. It takes on features of two cartoon cats.
26. Which of the following best describes the language in The Cat in the Hat
A. Varied and plain. B. Simple but insightful.
C. Repetitive and rhythmic. D. Limited but well-organized.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. The creation of cats in children’s books.
B. The story behind a famous children’s book.
C. A well-known writer in children’s literature.
D. Difficulties and skills in writing a children’s book.
C
On a break from his studies in the MIT Media Lab, Anirudh Sharma traveled home to Mumbai, India. While there, he noticed that throughout the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering something that looked like dirt. “I realized this was air pollution，or sooty（像煤一样）particulate matter (PM)，made of black particles released from exhaust（尾气）of vehicles,” Sharma says. “This is a major health issue.” Soot consists of tiny black particles, about 2.5 micrometers or smaller, produced by incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
Back at MIT, Sharma set out to help solve this air-pollution issue. After years of research and development, Sharma’s startup Graviky Labs has developed technology that attaches to exhaust systems of diesel generators（柴油发电机）to collect particulate matter. Scientists at Graviky then turn it into ink, called Air-Ink, for artists around the world. So far, the startup has collected I.6 billion micrograms of particulate matter. More than 200 gallons of Air-Ink have been harvested for a growing community of more than 1,000 artists, from Bangalore to Boston, Shanghai, and London.
Posted all over Graviky Lab’s Facebook page today are photos of art made from the Air-Ink and pant, including street wall paintings, body art and clothing prints. At first, there was still no specific application for the ink. Then the startup decided to find new ways to further spread its mission. It chose to do so through art. “Art helps us raise awareness about where the ink and paint comes from. Air pollution knows no borders. Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the resources in our world that’s the hardest to collect and use. But it can be done,” Sharma says.
28. What struck Sharma most during his break in India
A. Dirt on his T-shirts. B. Health issue of the locals.
C. Coal industry in Mumbai. D. Incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
29. According to the text, what is Air-Ink
A. It’s a cleaner of outdoor air B. It’s a product made from PM
C. It’s a newly-founded company D. It’s a printing technology
30. What can we infer about Air-Ink from the text
A. It improves artistic effect. B. It makes pollution acceptable.
C. It helps Sharma make a profit. D. It raises environmental awareness.
31. What might be the best title for the text
A. Arts know no borders B. Waste has no price
C. Less pollution, more art D. Creative thinking, effective painting
D
The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region’s most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming.
Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species — meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem — so scientists are particularly interested in how they’re responding to climate change. In general, the news has not been good. For instance, a 2019 report by the National Audubon Society found that more than two-thirds of North America’s bird species will be in danger of extinction by 2100 if warming trends continue on their current course.
For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon’s resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. During the study period, the average temperature in the region rose, while the amount of rainfall declined, making for a hotter, dryer climate overall. According to the report on November 12 in the journal Science Advances, 36 species have lost substantial weight, as much as 2 percent of their body weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings.
Because of the study's long time series and large sample sizes, the authors were able to show the morphological（形态学的）effects of climate change on resident birds. However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size, so they dissipate more heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available food, such as fruit or insects, in dryer weather might lead to smaller body size.
32. Why are scientists fond of doing research on birds
A. They have small body sizes. B. They are sensitive to hot weather.
C. They live in an undisturbed rainforest. D. They are ecological balance indicators.
33. What can we learn from the new study
A. A third of species have been extinct for a decade.
B. 36 species lost 2%of their body weight every year.
C. Two-thirds of species showed a considerable decrease in weight.
D. About 26 species responded to climate change with longer wings.
34. What does the underlined word "dissipate" in the last paragraph mean
A. Take on. B. Give off. C. Put up. D. Lead to.
35. What would probably the researchers further study
A. Why it is easier for smaller animals to keep cool.
B. What effects the wing length changes have on birds.
C. Why the Amazonian birds have lost substantial weight.
D. Whether bird species in North America will be extinct in 2100.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Maybe you plan to ring in 2024 with a new resolve to lose weight, exercise more, not sweat the small stuff. And maybe these resolutions sound familiar — maybe just like the ones you made a year ago! So how can you ensure that your determination to get healthier in 2024 sticks 36
Dream big. Want to compete in a marathon or triathlon Lose 50 pounds or just enough to fit into clothes you once loved With perseverance, encouragement, and support, you can do it. 37 Many will cheer you on. Some will be happy to help in practical ways, such as by training with you or taking on tasks you normally handle in order to free up your time.
38 Any time you fail to make a change, consider it a step toward your goal. Why Because each sincere attempt represents a lesson learned. When you hit a snag (碰钉子), take a moment to think about what did and didn’t work. Maybe you took on too big a challenge 39
Give thanks for what you do. Set your sights on finishing that marathon, not on running it. If you compete to complete, you’ll be a winner even if you wind up walking as much as you run. With exercise — and so many other goals we set — you’ll benefit even when doing less than you’d like to do. 40 If your goal for Tuesday is a 30-minute workout at the gym, but you only squeeze (挤出) in 10 minutes, feel grateful for that. It’s enough. Maybe tomorrow will be better.
A. Learn from the failures.
B. Avoid repeating past failures.
C. Any activity is always better than none.
D. An ambitious aim often inspires others to help you.
E. Try the following tips to help you create long-lasting change.
F. Having a solid system can help you stay motivated and accountable.
G. If so, change into a less ambitious challenge, or break the big one into tinier steps.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Rejection doesn’t always hurt. Sometimes rejection may 41 a more certain path to our final goals.
This year football fans have been watching to see how Joe would 42 in the playoffs (季后赛) this season. Joe dreamed to play in the National Football League(NFL), but his journey wasn’t a(n)
43 one. He applied to several colleges, but none 44 him. Later, he got into Ohio State, but he sat on the 45 for three years. Ohio State had a great football program and coaches, who didn’t think Joe had 46 . But Joe thought differently. He 47 Nebraska and got rejected once again, but he didn’t quit. Then he applied to Louisiana State University, which accepted him. The rest is history.
Joe became the Heisman Trophy 48 during his senior year, then he was admitted to the NFL, and later, his team participated in the World Championship.
Joe’s story reminds us that there are 49 paths to our final goals and that it 50 strong endurance and determination to reach them. No single 51 is going to prevent you from 52 your long-term goals. Be sure to 53 the pain that comes from disappointment and face it bravely. Try to focus on goals rather than the 54 outcome of being rejected and remember that the hurt of rejection comes from how we 55 it.
41. A. follow B. lead C. create D. clear
42. A. study B. perform C. train D. join
43. A. tough B. fun C. attractive D. easy
44. A. accepted B. remembered C. rejected D. ignored
45. A. bench B. stand C.team D. stage
46. A. chance B. resource C. potential D. enthusiasm
47. A. signed up for B. applied to C. attended to D. searched for
48. A. fan B. adviser C. learner D. winner
49. A. similar B. smooth C. multiple D. flat
50. A. costs B. takes C. makes D. offers
51. A. theory B. training C. rejection D. excuse
52. A. achieving B. planning C. announcing D. explaining
53. A. affect B. emphasize C. estimate D. acknowledge
54. A. active B. negative C. possible D. predictable
55. A. interpret B. imagine C. explore D. escape
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese couplet (对联) refers to two poetic lines 56 (obey) certain rules, often written on red paper for appreciation. As 57 form of Chinese literature, the couplet varies in content and style. Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, 58 some convey best wishes for the coming year.
Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and 59 (become) ubiquitous (无处不在) in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was a custom for people 60 (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, couplets are used 61 a similar way.
It was said that the earliest couplet was written by Meng Xu, 62 was king of Houshu State and it was 63 (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets 64 (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
The couplet has two lines of equal 65 (long). However, the number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more. The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns. The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄声), and its opposite in the second line, of a level tone (平声).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
假设你校英语社团正在举行题目为“我的 2023 ”征文活动。请写一篇短文投稿，内容如下：
1.描述一件你亲身经历的事情；
2.阐述这件事情对你的意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It’s hard being an astronaut’s son. I often wonder how my father ever had a son like me. I mean he’s so special and so good at everything he does. But I’m just an average eleven-year-old kid.
Nowadays I dream about being a famous writer, but I used to dream about doing something special to impress my father and make him proud of me — something like rescuing a child from a burning building.
I was dreaming in school one morning, which I often do. I was daydreaming about being some kind of hero when my friend Ellen reminded me of my English teacher’s announcement about a Father’s Day essay contest.
“I hope we have a winner right here in my English class.” she said. “There are three prizes for each of you.”
When I got home, I kissed my mom quickly. Then I went upstairs to my room and sat down with a pen and a pad of paper. I started to think about what I would write.
How did I see my father Mmm...
I saw him teaching me how to use a bat and how to throw baseball.
I remembered how he hugged me for hours when my dog Spotty was hit and killed by a car.
And I remembered how he sat and tried to explain death to me when Grandpa Bob died.
These were the things I was going to write about my dad. To me, he wasn’t just a famous astronaut. He was my dad.
I wrote about all these memories and put them in my essay. I handed it in the next day and was surprised to find out that the winning essays would be read in the lecture hall on Thursday night. All the parents and students were invited.
My parents and I went to school Thursday night. One of our neighbors said, “I bet you’ll win the contest, David. I bet you wrote what it’s like to be the son of an astronaut, and you’re the only one in town who could write about that.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右。
2. 请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I shrugged and then the first winner - Ellen was announced. ________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
The second prize winner was announced next - It was me. __________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________2022级入学考试英语参考答案
听力1-5 ACCAB 6-10 BABAB 11-15 ABABC 16-20 BCBCA
阅读理解21.B 22.C 23.D
24.A 25.D 26.C 27.B
28.A 29.B 30.D 31.C
32.D 33.D 34.B 35.B
36.E 37.D 38.A 39.G 40.C
完形填空41-45 CBDA A 46-50 CBDCB 51-55 CADBA
obeying 57. a 58. and 59. became 60. to hang 61. in 62. who 63. extremely 64. has been regarded 65. length
作文
（满分15分）
In 2023, I had a life-changing experience that taught me the importance of resilience and adaptability. Due to mother’s illness, I had to take care of her and also went to school on time, which was a big adjustment for me.
However, this challenge also brought opportunities for growth. I had to manage my time effectively, become more organized, and develop self-discipline. Through this experience, I realized the importance of taking proactive steps. Moreover, I discovered the joy of independent learning, which enhanced my problem-solving skills.
In conclusion, the year of 2023 was a challenging yet valuable experience, which will undoubtedly contribute to my personal and academic growth in the future.
第二节 读后续写
I shrugged and then the first winner - Ellen was announced. Ellen's name echoed through the lecture hall, and the crowd applauded. I felt a mix of happiness
for her and a hint of disappointment that it wasn't me. But as the evening progressed, I realized
that my essay had its own value, regardless of the prizes. At this time, the host got read to announce the second prize winner.
The second prize winner was announced next - It was me. My heart raced as the name "David" filled the room. I couldn't believe it; I had won! Shaking with excitement, I made my way to the stage, accepting the certificate and prize with a smile. After the ceremony, parents approached me, saying they'd been touched by my essay. I shared a moment with my parents, feeling a deep sense of connection and pride.
Back home, I reflected on the experience. It wasn't about being a hero or impressing my
father; it was about understanding the special bond between us. I may not have rescued a child
from a burning building, but I had captured the essence of my dad's love and shared it with the
world. And that, I realized, was truly special.
听力材料
Text 1
M: Amy, do you feel like a cold drink
W: I’d like a tomato juice. And can I have a piece of that cake
M: OK. I’ll have some too, with an apple juice. You find us a table and I’ll queue up to buy it.
Text 2
W: Jack has some of the qualities, but he’s not exactly what we need.
M: What do you mean
W: For this project we need someone who is just as tough, but a lot more patient.
Text 3
W: Can you drive at top speed, please I have a flight to catch at 2:30.
M: I’m afraid traffic at this time of the day is heavy. You should take the subway.
W: Well, can you drop me off at the nearest station, then
M: Sure.
Text 4
M: Do you want to come to the movies with Jeff and me, Donna We’re going to see Spider-Man: Homecoming.
W: Uh, I don’t really want to see that movie. Besides, I’m too tired to go anywhere. Say hi to Jeff, though.
Text 5
M: Miss, just calm down. Tell me who you’re here to see.
W: I have a job interview with Mr. Beringer, but my car broke down on the way, and I was supposed to be here 15 minutes ago!
Text 6
W: Star Suites. Vera Simpson speaking.
M: This is Alan Johnson. ⑥I’d like to book two rooms for three nights.
W: I’m happy to help. ⑦We have a special on our business suites from December 23rd to 25th.
M: ⑦That sounds attractive, but we need to check in about a week before that. ⑥And we only need a couple of simple double rooms.
W: OK. We’ve got plenty of those. When will you arrive
M: ⑦We’ll be arriving late on the 16th, but our checkout will be early on the morning of the 19th.
W: Very well, Mr. Johnson. We’re open twenty-four hours a day, so you’re welcome to check in at any time.
Text 7
W: We’re planning a trip for right after we graduate, and I’m asking everybody where they would like to go most. Any thoughts
M: I’ve always wanted to go somewhere hot like Hawaii. I’d love to just lie on the beach, have a drink… just relax, although I suppose that staying in one place might get boring after a while. ⑧How about a trip through Europe
W: You’re not the first person to say that. ⑧To be honest, I kind of agree with you. If we were to go to the Bahamas, say, I wouldn’t complain. ⑧But Europe sounds more attractive.
M: Well, as it happens, I spoke with a bunch of our friends last night. All of them began by saying the same thing we did about beaches and stuff. In the end, everyone agreed that they’d rather have a more diverse experience.
W: Well, I think we have our destination. Now we just need to get our plane tickets.
M: Hold your horses (别忙，耐心点). ⑨We need to calculate the cost first.
Text 8
M: ⑩ So, are you enjoying the performance so far
W: Well, you must admit the clothes are beautiful and the set is wonderful, ⑩but the acting is a bit boring. What do you think
M: I think you’re a bit particular. The actor in the lead role is very professional. I suppose the music could be a bit better, though.
W: Do you know anyone in the play
M: Actually, the woman playing Ophelia is an old classmate of mine.
W: Really Is that why you wanted to come to the play
M: That’s only a part of it. I absolutely admire this director. Every play he works on turns out great. I’ve seen quite a few other plays that he directed. They are really wonderful. By the way, after the play, there is a big party for the actors and their friends. My friend has invited us. Do you want to go
W: Sure. Oh, look! They are weakening the lights. I think we should go back to our seats for the second half of the play.
M: You are right.
Text 9 (第16题为总结题)
W: Do you think I should go to college, Mike
M: Of course, Brenda! Why not
W: Well, my friend Landon started his own computer software business right out of high school. He didn’t go to college, and he made a million dollars!
M: OK, congratulations to him. But that success story is not common. People should receive as much education as they could.
W: But college is so expensive nowadays. When my brother Jason went to school, his fees were maybe twenty thousand dollars a year. His same school is charging twice that amount now!
M: That’s nothing! New York University costs much more!
W: See! That’s what I mean! Is it really worth the money
M: Listen, I agree that education is too expensive, but college life is such a beautiful part of one’s life. Besides, students can borrow money from the bank.
W: But if everyone suddenly can’t pay back the money, then we’re all influenced!
Text 10
W: Right in front of the Minneapolis Central Library, a row of green bikes sits parked in a special stand. Each bike is designed with the logo “Nice Ride”—the name of the city’s bike-share program.
Nice Ride bikes are a lot like the library books that people come here to borrow. To rent a bike, you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station. Members can rent one of 1,200 bikes from 138 stations throughout Minnesota’s (明尼苏达州) largest city. People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work, to go out on business, or just to enjoy the city’s many bike paths.
The rise of bike-share programs like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over driving. Increasing gas prices and concerns about the environment have also gotten people to travel by bike. Bike-share systems are found around the world in cities like London, Paris, Barcelona, and Melbourne, Australia. The largest program with 70,000 bikes is in Wuhan, China. To make roads friendlier to non-motorists, the US Department of Transportation has invested more than a billion dollars in cycling in recent years. The money went toward building thousands of miles of on-street bike lanes (道路内自行车车道) called greenways.
C篇 【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了Sharma开发了新的技术，将空气中的颗粒物收集起来，制成空气墨水，供艺术家们创作。他的目的是为了提高人们的环境意识。
【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“he noticed that throughout the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering something that looked like dirt.”可知，在印度，Sharma注意到，他的T恤上都有一些看起来像灰尘样的东西越来越多。故选A。
【29题详解】细节理解题。文章第二段中提到“Sharma’s startup Graviky Labs has developed technology that attaches to exhaust systems of diesel generators to collect particulate matter. Scientists at Graviky then turn it into ink, called Air-Ink… .（Sharma创建的Graviky 实验室开发了一种技术，可以连接到柴油发电机的排气系统上，收集颗粒物。然后，Graviky实验室的科学家将它转化为墨水，称为‘空气墨水’）”，其中it指代上一句中的收集的“particulate matter”即PM。由此可知，Air-Ink是由PM制成的产品。故选B。
【30题详解】推理判断题。文章第三段中提到Sharma所说的话 “Art helps us raise awareness about where the ink and paint comes from.”。文章第二段中提到Air-Ink是由PM（空气中的颗粒物）制成的，用Air-Ink创作的艺术画可以帮助我们认识到墨水和颜料是从哪里来的。由此可以推断，用Air-Ink 绘制艺术画可以帮助人们提高环境意识。故选D。
【31题详解】主旨大意题。文章最后一段提到“Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the resources in our world that's the hardest to collect and use. But it can be done.(我们的墨水传达出一个信息：污染是世界上最难收集和利用的资源之一。但这是可以做到的，)”，Sharma的研究表明虽然污染很难再次利用，但是还是可以做到的； Sharma利用技术，将空气中的污染颗粒物（PM）收集起来，制成Air-Ink，给艺术家们创作艺术作品，以提高人们的环境意识。他将污染加以回收利用，转化成艺术形式。因此文章标题应为“Less pollution, more art”。故选C。
D篇 【分析】这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了气候变化对鸟的影响。
【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem-so scientists are particularly interested in how they're responding to climate change.(鸟常被认为是物种的哨兵，指的是它们能暗示生态系统的整体健康，因此科学家关注它们对气候变化的反应)”可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟是因为鸟是生态系统平衡的暗示者。故选D。
【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“representing 77 non-migratory species”以及“while a third grew longer wings. (在研究的77种不迁移的鸟类中，1/3的鸟长着较长的翅膀)”可知，大约26种鸟类长着较长的翅膀来应对气候变化。故选D。
【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size (较小的鸟可能很快就会凉下来。总体来讲，相对于身体尺寸而言，较小动物的表面积较大)”可知较小动物的表面积相对于自身整体而言较大，因此散发热量就容易，dissipate的意思是散发，与Give off（散发）的词义一致 。故选B。
【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, (然而，研究者自己也不确信，对鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么好处感到困惑)”可知，研究者将进一步研究鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么影响。故选B。
