北师大版(2019)必修第一册 Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Lesson 1 The Underdog 知识点导学案（无答案）

Unit 2 Lesson 1 The Underdog（Language points）
Step1:重点词汇背记与运用
自学：“学习指导”P55-57重点词汇的用法并完成相关练习：
1.desire 2.let sb. down 3.pay off 4.keep up with
※1. replacement n. 替代的人/物；
replace v. 取代；替换；
replaceable adj.可替换的；可置换的
搭配：replace...by/with... 以......代替/替换
replace sth=put it back 把......放回原处
表示“代替”的短语：
in place of sb/sth
in sb’s/sth’s place
take the place of sb/sth
take sb’s/sth’s place
练习：
(1)I am going to replace my battered car__________a new one.
(2)We need a ___________(replace) for the secretary who left.
※2.crowd n.人群；群众 v.挤满；涌入 crowded adj. 拥挤的
搭配: a crowd of 一群；一伙
crowds of 成群的......；许多......
crowd in 挤进；(想法；问题等)涌上心头
crowd into 涌入......;(使)充满某空间
be crowded with 挤满了......
练习：
(1)I was nearly pushed over by___________crowd of children.
(2)Many football fans crowded___________when the gate opened.
(3)Shops were crowded___________customers looking over the colorful displays.
※3. earn vt.赢得；博得；挣得；获(利) earning n. 薪水；收入；利润
搭配:earn a living = earn one’s living谋生
earn sb a place为某人赢得一席之地
earn one’s respect/a reputation赢得尊重/名声
练习:
(1) He was satisfied with his___________(earn) as an accountant.
The old man earned his___________(live) by fishing.
As a teacher, she has ______________________________ .（汉译英）
作为一名教师，她赢得了学生的尊敬。
※4. sharply adv. 严厉地，毫不客气地
sharp adj. 灵敏的，锋利的；急剧的，明显的；尖锐的；强烈的
sharpen vt.(使)变得锋利；使明朗；(使)提高，改善
练习：
(1) A workman must___________(sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well .
(2) “Is there a problem ” he______________________.(汉译英)
“有问题吗？”他厉声喝问。
※5. energy n. 力量，活力 energetic adj. 精力充沛的
搭配：be full of energy 精力充沛
a waste of time and energy 浪费时间和精力
solar/nuclear energy 太阳能/核能
练习：
(1) Not only do I have the ability to organize activities, but also I am outgoing and ___________(energy), which benefits me in communicating with strangers.
(2) Music gives me happiness and makes me______________________and strong enough to get through the hard times.
※6. try out for sth 参加选拔；争取成为（团队的一员）
搭配：try out 试用；试验
try sth on 试穿衣物
try one’s best(to do sth) 尽力(做某事)
try one’s luck 试试运气
练习：
(1)Alison is trying___________a job as a research assistant.
(2)The poor man went to America to _____________________. When he got there, he _____________________to find a job. He even_____________________a team.
那个可怜的人去美国碰碰运气。当他到达那里时，他尽力找工作，甚至参加了一个团队。
※7.make it
获得成功
能够出席（或到场）（后接宾语时用介词to）
（尤指在困难情况下）准时到达（常与“to+地点”连用）
幸免于难，渡过难关（后接宾语时用介词through）
练习（判断句子中make it的含义）：
What a strong wind! I don’t think we will make it to the airport on time. ___________
Building such a bridge over the bay was a hard nut to crack(棘手的问题), but the local government made it within two years.___________
I’m really sorry that I won’t be able to make it to your wedding on Sunday. ___________
※8. hit sb on the shoulder 打在某人肩上
“动词+sb.+介词+the+表示身体部位的名词”结构中，若身体部位不同，介词也不同，具体用法如下：
练习：
As I turned around, I accidentally hit him___________the face.
The stone struck me___________the side of the head.
(3)The angry father caught his son___________the arm.
Step 2:短语互译与运用
1.on our school basketball team
____________________________
2.huge fans____________________
3.on the court__________________
4.next to______________________
5.do jump shots________________
6.on one’s own_________________
7.make it______________________
8.try out for sth.________________
9.make the team________________
10.on the bench_________________
11.be tough on sb.________________
12.have a desire to do sth.__________
13.crash into____________________
14.race through my body
____________________________
15.gather around__________________
16.be about to do__________________
17.not...anymore__________________
18.no way_______________________
19.let sb. down____________________
20.It’s your time to shine.____________
21.jump up_______________________
22.rush onto the court_______________
23.spend time (in) doing____________
24.pay off________________________
25.keep up with____________________
26.make shot after shot _____________
27.can’t stop doing ________________
28.win by two points_______________
29.hit sb. on the shoulder____________
30.earn one’s place ________________
练习：【自学检测1】用单词适当形式完成句子。
Gu Ailing impressed the world with her courage and strong desire_____________ (succeed) in the freestyle skiing.
We should try our best___________ (attend) on our parents, and make them happy in their later years.
Suddenly I felt someone tapping me___________ the shoulder.
The streets were ___________ (crowd) with bicyclists.
I know I let you ___________ last week, but you can count on me this time.
You must spend less until your debts are paid___________.
Over fifty boys came to try out___________the football team.
Then Lou came out ___________ (sharp), “How soon will he intend to go away from here？”
She was quick footed and___________ (energy) in all her movements.
The ___________ (replace) of sugar in your diet can be difficult.
Step3:重点句式剖析与运用
自学：“学习指导”P58 重点句子，并完成相关练习。
Paul knew that being shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.
翻译：______________________________________________________________
知识拓展
本句中knew后面的that引导______从句，在从句中being shorter than other players作从句的_____语。
动词-ing形式作主语的常见用法：
直接用在句首作主语；
用it作形式主语，把动词-ing形式后置。
练习：
(1)____________(be) with his entire family is the most important part of Spring Festival for him.
(2)____________ is a waste of time arguing about it.
2. “I don’t think I can play anymore, coach,” I said quietly as the doctor put an ice pack on my knee.
翻译：______________________________________________________________
知识拓展
本句中as引导___________从句，意为“随着；当......时”，强调主从句的谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行。
（as意为“随着”时，意思同with，但with为介词，后面不能跟从句。）
练习：(as/with)
______time goes by, his memory seems to get worse.
______time going by, his memory seems to get worse.
一句多译
1.随着中国的发展，汉语变得越来越重要。
(1)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（as引导时间状语从句）
(2)_________________________________________________________（with短语）
Step4:派生词变形
inspiration n.激励；灵感；给人以灵感的人/物→ vt.鼓励；激励→
adj.令人鼓舞的→ adj.感到鼓舞的
2. replacement n.替换的人（物）→ vt.代替→ adj.可替换的；可置换的
3. sharply adv.严厉地，毫不客气地；猛烈地→ adj.灵敏的，锋利的；急剧的，明显的；强烈的；→ vt.(使)变得锋利；使明朗；(使)提高，改善
4. energy n.精力，活力→ adj.有活力的
5. crowd v.挤满；涌入 n.人群→ adj.拥挤的
6. earn vt.赢得；博得→ n.收入；所赚的钱；利润
7. gather vi.& vt.聚集，聚合→__________ n.聚集；聚会
8. mean v.意味着；打算； adj.小气的→____________ n.意思，含义
→____________ adj.有意义的→_______________ adj.无意义的
mean-__________(过去式)-__________（过去分词）
competitor n.竞争者;对手 →____________v.竞争;比赛→____________ n.竞争;比赛