2024年中考英语高频考点精讲-句子种类（无答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024年中考英语高频考点精讲-句子种类（无答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 33.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-05 20:11:32 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2024年中考英语高频考点精讲——句子种类
前测
用can, could, may, might, must和have to的适当形式填空。
1. This pair of glasses ________ be Tony’s. He’s the only one who wears glasses.
2. —I’d love to go to the water park with you. But I ________ swim.
—It doesn’t matter. I will teach you.
3. —________ you tell me the differences between these two photos
—No. They look quite similar, nearly the same.
4. —Could I invite my friends to the party on Saturday, Mom
—Of course you ________. That sounds like fun.
5. In some countries, people ________ (禁止) download (下载）music from the Internet without paying, because it’s against the law.
6. —________ I hand in the report today
—No, you needn’t.
7. —________ I park my car here for a while (上海)
—No, you mustn’t. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”
8. —Would you like another glass of water
—No, thanks. I ________ leave now. Tony is waiting for me.
9. —Do you have any plans for this weekend
—I’m not sure. I ________ go climbing Mount Yuntai.
10. —Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green
—Yes, I’m afraid we ________. That’s the traffic rule.
知识精讲
英语句子按照使用目的和交际功能分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。
精讲一：陈述句
陈述句用来陈述事实、观点或表明说话人的看法、态度等。
1. 陈述句的形式
肯定式：
①She is a teacher.
②He went to Paris.
否定式：
①She isn’t my sister.
②They didn’t go to see a film yesterday.
2. 陈述句否定式的构成
如果句子的谓语动词是be或含有助动词和情态动词时， 在它们之后加not构成否定式。
①He is a middle school student.
→He ________ a middle school student.
②You need quarrel with him.
→You ________ quarrel with him.
③They will go swimming next Sunday.
→They ________ swimming next Sunday.
如果句子的谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，需要借助助动词do/did/does构成否定式。
①She did her homework yesterday.
→She ________ her homework yesterday.
②I have time to have lunch with you.
→I ________ time to have lunch with you.
③Jack likes eating hamburgers.
→Jack ________ eating hamburgers.
精讲二：疑问句
疑问句用来提出问题。
疑问句种类 例句
一般疑问句 Is she from America
特殊疑问句 When is your birthday
选择疑问句 Is this a dog or a cat
*反意疑问句 You are a student, aren’t you
1. 一般疑问句：需用yes或no回答的疑问句。
句型结构：①Be动词+主语+表语？ ②助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他？
①Is she a painter
②Do you like swimming in summer
May I open the window
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词. 否定回答：No, 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词+not.
①A: Is this your pencil
B: Yes, ________./No, ________.
②A: Do you have a soccer ball
B: Yes, ________./No, ________.
③A: Must we set off tomorrow
B: Yes, ________./No, ________.
回答含有否定词的一般疑问句时，要在yes后用肯定结构，表示肯定； 在no后用否定结构，表示否定，但其汉语翻译与原意正好相反。
—Isn’t it your English book 这不是你的英语书吗
—Yes, ________./No, ________. 不，是的。/是的，这不是。
2. 特殊疑问句: 以特殊疑问词开头的疑问句。
句型结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 回答特殊疑问句时不能用yes或no。
特殊疑问词种类 特殊疑问词 用法
疑问代词 what “什么”，询问职业或身份
who “谁”，询问身份
which “哪一个”，询问特定的人或物
whose “谁的”，询问所属
whom 宾格“谁”
疑问副词 when “何时”，询问时间
where “何地”，询问地点、位置
why “为什么”，询问原因
how “怎么样”，询问方式
疑问词组 how soon “多久以后”，提问in短语
how long “多长时间”，提问时间段
how far “多远”，提问距离
how often “多久一次”，提问频率
how many “多少”，提问可数名词的数量
how much “多少”，提问不可数名词的数量
how old “多大”，提问年龄
3. 选择疑问句
句型结构：①一般疑问句+or+选择项？ ②特殊疑问句+选择项+or+选择项？ 特别注意：①选择疑问句必须是完整的句子或其省略形式， 不能用Yes或No来回答； ②朗读时or前面部分用升调，后面部分用降调。
①A: Is she tall or short
B: She’s tall.
②A: Do they have straight hair or curly hair
B: They have curly hair.
③A: Do you usually eat a birthday cake or noodles
B: I usually eat noodles.
④A: What would you like, tea or coffee
B: I’d like some tea, please.
即时训练
1. —________ do you usually go to school, Mary
—By bike.
2. —________ does she live
—She lives in the same neighborhood as me.
3. —________ do you like the Double Eleven Shopping Festival
—I don’t like it because my mother often buys a lot of things we don’t need.
4. —________ did you stop playing
—Because I was tired.
5. —Do you know ________ a 5-day trip to Hong Kong costs
—I guess it’s about 4,000.
6. —________ will you finish writing the review of the Indian movie Dangal
—In two days.
7. —________ is your father
—He is an engineer.
精讲三：祈使句
祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等。
1. 祈使句的肯定和否定形式
①在祈使句中，通常省略第二人称主语you; ②肯定式以动词原形开头，否定式在动词原形前加don’t。
①Just go along new street and turn left.
②Practice the guitar every day.
③Don’t arrive late for class.
④Don’t fight.
2. 祈使句的类型
Do型 肯定 动原+(宾)+其他. Please have a seat here.
否定 Don’t+动原+(宾)+其他. Don’t forget me.
Be型 肯定 Be+表(名/形)+其他. Be a good child!
否定 Don’t+be+表(名/形)+其他. Don’t be late for school!
Let型 肯定 Let+宾+动原+其他. Let me help you.
否定 Don’t+let+宾+动原+其他./ Let+宾+not+动原+其他. Don’t let him go./ Let him not go.
禁止类 No开头 No smoking!
精讲四：感叹句
感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情， 通常用what或how引导，句末用感叹号。
What引导的感叹句： ①What+a/an+形+可数名单+(主+谓)！ ②What +形+可数名复+(主+谓)！ ③What +形+不可数名+(主+谓)！ How引导的感叹句： ①How+形/副+主+谓！ ②How+形+a/an+可数名单+(主+谓)！ ③How+主+谓！
①这些是多么无聊的科目！
_______ boring these subjects _______!
=_______ boring __________ they are!
②101大楼是多么高的建筑物啊！
_______ tall Taipei 101 is!
=________ ____ tall building Taipei 101 is!
③这些是多么棒的艺术作品啊！
_______ wonderful the art works are!
=_______ wonderful art works they are!
④多么好的天气啊！
_______ fine the weather is!
=_______ fine weather it is!
⑤珍妮是多么瘦啊！
________ slim a girl Jenny is!
=_______ _____ slim girl Jenny is!
⑥时光飞逝！
_______ times flies!
即时训练
1. ________ me an email before you come to Hohhot, and I’ll meet you at the train station.
2. Please ________ (put) the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.
3. ________ (keep) water running when you are brushing your teeth. We must save every drop of water.
4. Don’t ________ up English. It’s very important.
5. ________ (not) pull the rabbit’s ears.
6. —________ beautiful song it is!
—Yes. It is Taylor Swift’s new song.
7. ________ smart the driverless car is! I really want to have one.
8. —Lucy, look at the stars in the sky.
—________ bright they are!
9. —Did you enjoy the party last night
—Very much. ________ wonderful the party was!
10. ________ good advice the teacher gave me!
后测
( ) 1. —_______ you have an eraser, Cindy
—Yes. It’s in my pencil box.
A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does
( ) 2. —_______ does Bob usually go to work
—He usually rides his bike.
A. What B. Who C. Where D. How
( ) 3. —_______ do you like pandas
—Because they are very cute.
A. What B. Who C. Why D. Where
( ) 4. —_______ do the students in your school do outdoor activities every day
—At least an hour.
A. How often B. How long C. How much D. How far
( ) 5. —_______ can you finish your homework
—In about one and a half hours.
A. How fast B. How soon C. How often D. How far
( ) 6. —_______ is it from Liupanshui to Guiyang
—It’s about 300 kilometers.
A. How much B. How many C. How soon D. How far
( ) 7. —Is the mobile phone new or old
—_______. I bought it only two days ago.
A. It’s old B. It’s new C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn’t
( ) 8. —Laura, _______ out the rubbish when you leave. And I’ll do the dishes.
—OK, Dad.
A. take B. takes C. took D. to take
( ) 9. _______ throwing those stones, please.
A. Stop B. Stops C. Stopping D. Stopped
( ) 10. We are at the library. Please _______ quiet.
A. do B. be C. can D. are
( ) 11. —_______! You can’t speak loudly in the library.
— Sorry, I won’t.
A. Let’s go B. No shouting C. I’m sorry D. Excuse me
( ) 12. _______ fine weather it is! Let’s go on a picnic!
A. What a B. What C. How D. How a
前测
用can, could, may, might, must和have to的适当形式填空。
1. This pair of glasses ________ be Tony’s. He’s the only one who wears glasses.
2. —I’d love to go to the water park with you. But I ________ swim.
—It doesn’t matter. I will teach you.
3. —________ you tell me the differences between these two photos
—No. They look quite similar, nearly the same.
4. —Could I invite my friends to the party on Saturday, Mom
—Of course you ________. That sounds like fun.
5. In some countries, people ________ (禁止) download (下载）music from the Internet without paying, because it’s against the law.
6. —________ I hand in the report today
—No, you needn’t.
7. —________ I park my car here for a while (上海)
—No, you mustn’t. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”
8. —Would you like another glass of water
—No, thanks. I ________ leave now. Tony is waiting for me.
9. —Do you have any plans for this weekend
—I’m not sure. I ________ go climbing Mount Yuntai.
10. —Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green
—Yes, I’m afraid we ________. That’s the traffic rule.
知识精讲
英语句子按照使用目的和交际功能分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。
精讲一：陈述句
陈述句用来陈述事实、观点或表明说话人的看法、态度等。
1. 陈述句的形式
肯定式：
①She is a teacher.
②He went to Paris.
否定式：
①She isn’t my sister.
②They didn’t go to see a film yesterday.
2. 陈述句否定式的构成
如果句子的谓语动词是be或含有助动词和情态动词时， 在它们之后加not构成否定式。
①He is a middle school student.
→He ________ a middle school student.
②You need quarrel with him.
→You ________ quarrel with him.
③They will go swimming next Sunday.
→They ________ swimming next Sunday.
如果句子的谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，需要借助助动词do/did/does构成否定式。
①She did her homework yesterday.
→She ________ her homework yesterday.
②I have time to have lunch with you.
→I ________ time to have lunch with you.
③Jack likes eating hamburgers.
→Jack ________ eating hamburgers.
精讲二：疑问句
疑问句用来提出问题。
疑问句种类 例句
一般疑问句 Is she from America
特殊疑问句 When is your birthday
选择疑问句 Is this a dog or a cat
*反意疑问句 You are a student, aren’t you
1. 一般疑问句：需用yes或no回答的疑问句。
句型结构：①Be动词+主语+表语？ ②助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他？
①Is she a painter
②Do you like swimming in summer
May I open the window
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词. 否定回答：No, 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词+not.
①A: Is this your pencil
B: Yes, ________./No, ________.
②A: Do you have a soccer ball
B: Yes, ________./No, ________.
③A: Must we set off tomorrow
B: Yes, ________./No, ________.
回答含有否定词的一般疑问句时，要在yes后用肯定结构，表示肯定； 在no后用否定结构，表示否定，但其汉语翻译与原意正好相反。
—Isn’t it your English book 这不是你的英语书吗
—Yes, ________./No, ________. 不，是的。/是的，这不是。
2. 特殊疑问句: 以特殊疑问词开头的疑问句。
句型结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 回答特殊疑问句时不能用yes或no。
特殊疑问词种类 特殊疑问词 用法
疑问代词 what “什么”，询问职业或身份
who “谁”，询问身份
which “哪一个”，询问特定的人或物
whose “谁的”，询问所属
whom 宾格“谁”
疑问副词 when “何时”，询问时间
where “何地”，询问地点、位置
why “为什么”，询问原因
how “怎么样”，询问方式
疑问词组 how soon “多久以后”，提问in短语
how long “多长时间”，提问时间段
how far “多远”，提问距离
how often “多久一次”，提问频率
how many “多少”，提问可数名词的数量
how much “多少”，提问不可数名词的数量
how old “多大”，提问年龄
3. 选择疑问句
句型结构：①一般疑问句+or+选择项？ ②特殊疑问句+选择项+or+选择项？ 特别注意：①选择疑问句必须是完整的句子或其省略形式， 不能用Yes或No来回答； ②朗读时or前面部分用升调，后面部分用降调。
①A: Is she tall or short
B: She’s tall.
②A: Do they have straight hair or curly hair
B: They have curly hair.
③A: Do you usually eat a birthday cake or noodles
B: I usually eat noodles.
④A: What would you like, tea or coffee
B: I’d like some tea, please.
即时训练
1. —________ do you usually go to school, Mary
—By bike.
2. —________ does she live
—She lives in the same neighborhood as me.
3. —________ do you like the Double Eleven Shopping Festival
—I don’t like it because my mother often buys a lot of things we don’t need.
4. —________ did you stop playing
—Because I was tired.
5. —Do you know ________ a 5-day trip to Hong Kong costs
—I guess it’s about 4,000.
6. —________ will you finish writing the review of the Indian movie Dangal
—In two days.
7. —________ is your father
—He is an engineer.
精讲三：祈使句
祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等。
1. 祈使句的肯定和否定形式
①在祈使句中，通常省略第二人称主语you; ②肯定式以动词原形开头，否定式在动词原形前加don’t。
①Just go along new street and turn left.
②Practice the guitar every day.
③Don’t arrive late for class.
④Don’t fight.
2. 祈使句的类型
Do型 肯定 动原+(宾)+其他. Please have a seat here.
否定 Don’t+动原+(宾)+其他. Don’t forget me.
Be型 肯定 Be+表(名/形)+其他. Be a good child!
否定 Don’t+be+表(名/形)+其他. Don’t be late for school!
Let型 肯定 Let+宾+动原+其他. Let me help you.
否定 Don’t+let+宾+动原+其他./ Let+宾+not+动原+其他. Don’t let him go./ Let him not go.
禁止类 No开头 No smoking!
精讲四：感叹句
感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情， 通常用what或how引导，句末用感叹号。
What引导的感叹句： ①What+a/an+形+可数名单+(主+谓)！ ②What +形+可数名复+(主+谓)！ ③What +形+不可数名+(主+谓)！ How引导的感叹句： ①How+形/副+主+谓！ ②How+形+a/an+可数名单+(主+谓)！ ③How+主+谓！
①这些是多么无聊的科目！
_______ boring these subjects _______!
=_______ boring __________ they are!
②101大楼是多么高的建筑物啊！
_______ tall Taipei 101 is!
=________ ____ tall building Taipei 101 is!
③这些是多么棒的艺术作品啊！
_______ wonderful the art works are!
=_______ wonderful art works they are!
④多么好的天气啊！
_______ fine the weather is!
=_______ fine weather it is!
⑤珍妮是多么瘦啊！
________ slim a girl Jenny is!
=_______ _____ slim girl Jenny is!
⑥时光飞逝！
_______ times flies!
即时训练
1. ________ me an email before you come to Hohhot, and I’ll meet you at the train station.
2. Please ________ (put) the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.
3. ________ (keep) water running when you are brushing your teeth. We must save every drop of water.
4. Don’t ________ up English. It’s very important.
5. ________ (not) pull the rabbit’s ears.
6. —________ beautiful song it is!
—Yes. It is Taylor Swift’s new song.
7. ________ smart the driverless car is! I really want to have one.
8. —Lucy, look at the stars in the sky.
—________ bright they are!
9. —Did you enjoy the party last night
—Very much. ________ wonderful the party was!
10. ________ good advice the teacher gave me!
后测
( ) 1. —_______ you have an eraser, Cindy
—Yes. It’s in my pencil box.
A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does
( ) 2. —_______ does Bob usually go to work
—He usually rides his bike.
A. What B. Who C. Where D. How
( ) 3. —_______ do you like pandas
—Because they are very cute.
A. What B. Who C. Why D. Where
( ) 4. —_______ do the students in your school do outdoor activities every day
—At least an hour.
A. How often B. How long C. How much D. How far
( ) 5. —_______ can you finish your homework
—In about one and a half hours.
A. How fast B. How soon C. How often D. How far
( ) 6. —_______ is it from Liupanshui to Guiyang
—It’s about 300 kilometers.
A. How much B. How many C. How soon D. How far
( ) 7. —Is the mobile phone new or old
—_______. I bought it only two days ago.
A. It’s old B. It’s new C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn’t
( ) 8. —Laura, _______ out the rubbish when you leave. And I’ll do the dishes.
—OK, Dad.
A. take B. takes C. took D. to take
( ) 9. _______ throwing those stones, please.
A. Stop B. Stops C. Stopping D. Stopped
( ) 10. We are at the library. Please _______ quiet.
A. do B. be C. can D. are
( ) 11. —_______! You can’t speak loudly in the library.
— Sorry, I won’t.
A. Let’s go B. No shouting C. I’m sorry D. Excuse me
( ) 12. _______ fine weather it is! Let’s go on a picnic!
A. What a B. What C. How D. How a
同课章节目录