Module 5 Look after yourself 基础知识 （短语、句型、语法、精练） 外研版 九年级下册英语（含解析）

Module 5 Look after yourself
重点短语归纳
1.had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
2.get/take sb. to 带某人去
3.catch up 赶上来
4.have an agreement 同意，达成一致
5.have an accident 发生事故
7.fall over 摔倒
8.break one' s leg 摔断腿
9.go blind 变瞎
go deaf 变聋
10.call for help 打电话求助
11.nothing serious 没什么严重
1).不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单 2).形容词置于不定代词之后，后接不定式
4. expect to do 期待
expect sb. to do 期待某人做某事
hope to do 希望做某事
12.it' s thought that + 句子 被认为... it' s thought to be 被认为...
13.get/go off 离开
14.physical effort 体力
15.spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事
1)sb. spend 时间/金钱 on/(in) doing sth. 2)sb. pay 金钱 for/to do sth. 3)sth. cost sb. 金钱 4)It takes/took sb. 时间 to do sth.
16.once in a while 有时，偶尔
17.harm one' s health 损害某人健康
be harmful to = do harm to 对...有害
18.eight hours' sleep 八小时的睡眠
19. not just...but... 不仅......而且......
20.make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
21.be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
22.in pain 痛苦地 中间不加冠词
23.dance to music 和着音乐跳舞
24.couple of months 几个月
25.put on weight 增肥
26.take up smoking 开始抽烟
27.stop smoking 戒烟
stop sb. (from) smoking sth. 阻止某人抽烟
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
28.die from 因..外因而死
die of 因..内因而死
die for 为 而死
29.ask sb. for help 寻求帮助
写作经典句型归纳
1.We' d better get you to hospital. 我们最好送你去医院。
2.They' ll catch up in a few minutes. 他们几分钟之后就会赶上来。
3.I thought we had an agreement to stay together.
我原以为我们已经同意待在一起了。
4.It' s nothing serious. 没有什么严重的。
5.Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier, longer lives.
由于医疗保健更好了，许多人活得更加健康，更长寿。
6.It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. 大家甚至认为将来会有越来越多的人庆祝百岁生日。
7.In the past, people' s jobs required more physical effort.
过去，人们的工作需要耗费更多体力。
8 but I do love sports and doing exercise, so it' ll be worth it.
......但是我的确热爱运动和锻炼，因此那（早起）也值得了。
9.I have put on a lot of weight. 我长胖了许多
10.Did you know that thousands of people die from smoking every year in Britain
你知道吗，每年在英国有成千上万的人们死于吸烟？
词形变换归纳
1.break (v.)-broke(v.)-broken(p.p/adj.)破碎的2.serious (adj.)-seriously(adv.)严重地3.nature (n.)-natural(adj.)自然的
4.comfort (v.)-comfortable(adj.)-uncomfortable( adj.反义词.)不舒服的5.friend(n.)-friendly(adj.)-friendship (n.)(友谊)
6.happy(adj.)-happily(adv.)-happiness(n.)幸福7.agree(n.)-agreement(n.)-disagree(反义词.)不同意
8.slow(adj. )-slowly(adv. )-slower(比较级)-slowest(最高级)慢9.good(adj.)-well(adv.)-better(比较级)-best(最高级)好10.health(n)-healthy(adj.)-unhealthy(反)-healthier(比较级)健康
精炼
一、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Whose job is it to check your homework
I don't think it's my parents' job to check my homework. Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little 1 （baby）and depend on our parents all the time. We must learn to be 2 （independence）.
I remember when I was in Grade Three, my parents 3 （ask）me to check my homework by myself. I didn't know what to do at that time, so I only cried. But after that, I got used to 4 （check）my own homework in my studies.
Checking homework by ourselves is 5 good habit. It can help us find mistakes in exams more 6 (easy), it can also save the teachers a lot of time 7 (when) check our homework, and it can also let our parents worry 8 (little) about our studies.
Some day in the future, Mum and Dad 9 (leave) us. So we should start to learn to do everything by 10 (we) and really understand how important independence is.
Dick was a smart young man whose parents were not rich. He had to work in his s 11 time. He managed to go to university, but it was so expensive to study there 12 he found it necessary to get 13 (至少) two part-time jobs at the same time so as to 14 (确保) that he could get enough money for his studies.
One summer he got a job in a shop which sold meat d 15 the daytime and another job in a hospital at n 16 . On the one hand, in the shop, he learned to 17 ( 切 碎 ) meat quite nicely, so the 18 [b s]of the shop often let Dick do all the business while he was out. In the hospital, 19 (另一方面), he was, of course, only allowed to do some simple work, such 20 helping to lift people and to carry them from one part of the hospital to another. Both in the shop 21 at the hospital, Dick had to w 22 white clothes.
One evening at the hospital, Dick was asked to look after a woman. When he e 23 the room, the woman was surprised. “I wonder how you could find me here,” the woman said. “I forgot to pay 24 the meat I bought yesterday and went home direct, but I didn’t do that 25 (故意地).”
二、选词填空
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。
exactly blind menu look through sheep
26．Let’s see what is on the today.
27．Look! There are so many in the field.
28．Do what I tell you and no one will get hurt.
29．Eli was now very very old and was almost in both eyes.
30．Dr Smith a number of websites before he started the research project.
三、补全对话
A: I like English very much. 31
B: You can go to the English Corner to practise your spoken English.
A: Oh, no. I'm just too shy. 32
B: 33 The most important thing for you is that you should open your mouth and speak it out.
A: You're right. How can I do it
B: 34 Then you can talk with one or two friends. Then talk with more people.
A: Yeah. 35 I'll do as you tell me.
A．That sounds great.
B．How do you study English
C．Don't be nervous.
D．I don't know how to start a talk with others in English.
E．If you are afraid of talking with others, you can speak aloud to yourself first.
F．My English is very good.
G．But I am not good at speaking.
四、任务型阅读
When Mary was told she had only two years to live, she felt very sad. She was diagnosed(诊断) with cancer in 2020. She did what many sick people did: write down a list. She wanted to make a new plan for her rest life.
“I have a good life but I feel that I have no freedom，” said the 56- year-old woman. She had a son and a daughter. Mary wanted to leave her husband. She secretly began preparing her new life.
Although she loved her husband, she didn't let her husband know her plan. She asked for a new life on her own.
She said, “When I know I have a short time to live, I don't want to be a housewife any longer. I don't want to cook every night... I want to be free! I want to change my life. If I hadn't had the cancer, I would have been a bored person. But because of it, I would become a much braver and more interesting old woman.”
“I want to enjoy myself in the rest of my life. I want to stay with my children. I want to see my grandchildren. I dislike being treated as a cancer survivor(幸存者)．”
36．What might many people with cancer do？(不超过15个词)
37．Why didn't Mary let her husband know her new plan？(不超过15个词)
38．What person had Mary become since she had cancer？(不超过15个词)
五、阅读理解
A healthy body is very important to us. When you are sick, maybe the only thing you want to do is lie in bed. When you are healthy, you can do all the things you like to enjoy life. The methods of keeping us fit are very common. In the morning, you can get up early, go outdoors and breathe the fresh air. If you are a busy person and have no special time to do these things, the easiest way is to walk to your office instead of riding a bike or taking a bus. Make sure your doctor knows the condition of your body most clearly, and he will give you the most valuable advice to keep fit. You should always try to make yourself happy. If you feel happy, you can eat well, sleep well, and your body is sure to be in an excellent condition. Trying every means to keep fit is my advice to the people who want to live a happy life in this beautiful world.
39．When we are sick, maybe the only thing we do is ________.
A．go out B．lie in bed
C．eat too much D．sleep all day
40．When we are happy, maybe we can ________ well.
A．eat B．go shopping
C．do the things we like D．sing and dance
41．If you are a busy person, the easiest way to keep fit is to ________.
A．ride a bike B．take a bus
C．walk to your office D．drive a car
42．If you feel happy, your body is to be in a(n) ________ condition.
A．excellent B．living C．sad D．happy
43．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．how to exercise B．how to keep fit
C．what we should do D．how to be happy
We all know health is the most important in our life and we know smoking is harmful to people's health.But not many people know about the danger of second hand smoke.
Second hand smoke is the smoke that comes from the smoker's breath.If people breathe in second hand smoke from time to time,they could get sick from it.It can cause lung cancer(肺癌) and many other diseases.
But how serious is the problem of the second hand smoke The World Health Organization(WHO) did a study of 194 countries.They found that second hand smoke causes about 600,000 deaths every year.That is about 1% of the world death and it leads to a lot of trouble and pain.
Second hand smoke is especially harmful to children because their bodies are growing.According to a study,around 165,000 children under 5 die each year because of second hand smoke.Most of these deaths happened in Africa and Southern Asia where health care is very poor.
You can do something to keep yourself and other people away from second hand smoke.You can ask the smokers,such as your parents,to smoke outside.And,if someone smokes close to you,you'd better hold your breath or just walk away.
44．According to the passage，which statement is right
A．There are 194 countries in the world.
B．The total death of the world is about 600，000.
C．Second hand smoke is worse for adults(成人) than children.
D．Health care is very poor in Africa and Southern Asia.
45．What does the writer think is the most important in life
A．Health. B．Friendship. C．Love. D．Money.
46．The underlined word “breath” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．脉搏 B．呼吸 C．感染 D．传染
47．How can you keep away from second hand smoke
A．Standing close to the persons who smoke.
B．Asking your parents to go out of your house.
C．Holding your breath all the time.
D．Walking away from the smokers.
48．The best title of this article may be “______”．
A．Smoking
B．Second hand Smoke
C．Giving up Smoking
D．Smoking is harmful to children
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．babies 2．independent 3．asked 4．checking 5．a 6．easily 7．when 8．less 9．will leave 10．ourselves
【分析】文章大意：本文是篇议论文。作者认为检查作业是孩子们自己的事，孩子们需要学会独立。
1．句意：既然我们已经长大了，我们就不能像小孩子一样，永远依赖父母。
“婴儿”是复数，要用名词复数形式，此空故填babies 。
2．句意：我们必须学会独立。
根据空前to be 可知，此空应填形容词作表语，此空故填independent。
3．句意：我记得我三年级的时候，我父母请我自己检查作业。
根据I remember when I was in Grade Three,可知，要用一般过去时态，此空故填asked。
4．句意：但在那之后，我习惯了在学习中检查我自己的家庭作业。
根据动词的固定搭配get used to doing sth.习惯做某事。可知，，此空故填checking。
5．句意：自己检查作业是个好习惯。
根据空后good的首字母发音是辅音，此空故填不定冠词a。
6．句意：它可以帮助我们更容易地发现考试中的错误。
根据find是动词，要用副词修饰，此空故填easily。
7．句意：也可以节省老师很多时间检查作业。
题干中是“当……时候，”根据句意可知，此空故填when。
8．句意：也可以让我们的父母不那么担心我们的学习。
题干中是“更少”，需要比较级，此空故填less。
9．句意：将来的某一天，爸爸妈妈会离开我们。
Some day in the future：将来的某一天。可知，此句要用一般将来时态，此空故填will leave 。
10．句意：因此，我们应该开始学会做每件事都是靠自己，真正理解独立的重要性。
题干中表示“我们自己”，根据空前介词by可知，此空故填ourselves。
【点睛】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。首先，通读全文，然后根据前后文的语境，结合时态，语态，词性，短语，句型，词义辨析和主谓一致 ，根据给出的英语单词提示，填入恰当的形式。
11．spare 12．that 13．at least 14．make sure 15．during 16．night 17．cut up 18．boss 19．on the other (hand) 20．as 21．and 22．wear 23．entered 24．for 25．on purpose
【分析】Dick 很聪明但家里不富有。为了确保自己能有足够的钱完成学业，他不得不从事两份兼职工作。白天在商店里卖肉，晚上在医院里护理病人，两份工作都需要穿白色工作服。工作服引发的故事让人捧腹大笑。
11．句意：他不得不在业余时间工作。spare空闲的，业余的，用于短语in one’s spare time“在某人的业余时间”，符合语境，故填spare。
12．句意：他设法上了大学，但大学学费太贵了，以至于他发现有必要同时至少做两份兼职工作，以确保有足够的钱完成学业。根据句子结构可知，该句中使用了句型“so…that…”，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
13．句意：他设法上了大学，但大学学费太贵了，以至于他发现有必要同时至少做两份兼职工作，以确保有足够的钱完成学业。根据空后所给的意思可知，这里考查短语at least，符合语境，故填at least。
14．句意：他设法上了大学，但大学学费太贵了，以至于他发现有必要同时至少做两份兼职工作，以确保有足够的钱完成学业。根据单词的意思可知，这里考查make sure，是一个固定短语。空前“so as to”意为“为了……”，后面跟动词原形。故填make sure。
15．句意：有一年夏天，他白天在一家卖肉的商店里找了一份工作，晚上又在一家医院里找了一份工作。根据空后“the daytime”以及单词首字母可知，这是时间状语，表示“在白天”，during是介词，意为“在……期间”。故填during。
16．句意：有一年夏天，他白天在一家卖肉的商店里找了一份工作，晚上又在一家医院里找了一份工作。该空与前面“…the daytime”对应，前面说白天的工作，这里应表示“在晚上”，at night是固定短语，故填night。
17．句意：一方面，在店里，他学会了把肉切得很好，所以店主经常在他不在家的时候让迪克把所有的生意都做了。根据后面所给的单词的意思可知，这里考查短语cut up，该句使用了句型learn to do sth.“学会做某事”，这里应填动词原形。故填cut up。
18．句意：一方面，在店里，他学会了把肉切得很好，所以店主经常在他不在家的时候让迪克把所有的生意都做了。根据空后所给单词的音标可知，这里考查的是boss，是一个名词，意为“老板”，故填boss。
19．句意：另一方面，在医院里，他当然只被允许做一些简单的工作，比如帮助抬人，把他们从医院的一个地方抬到另一个地方。根据所给短语的意思可知，这里考查的是on the other hand是固定短语，与前面的“on the one hand”对应。故填on the other hand。
20．句意：另一方面，在医院里，他当然只被允许做一些简单的工作，比如帮助抬人，把他们从医院的一个地方抬到另一个地方。根据空前的“such”以及句意可知，这里举例说明Dick的工作，such as是固定短语，意为“例如”，故填as。
21．句意：无论是在商店还是在医院，迪克都得穿白衣服。根据空前“Both…”和句意可知，这里表示两者并列，用了短语both…and…，故填and。
22．句意：无论是在商店还是在医院，迪克都得穿白衣服。根据空后“white clothes”和单词首字母可知，这里表示“穿白衣服”，wear“穿”，是一个动词；空前有“had to”，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填wear。
23．句意：当他走进房间时，这个女人很吃惊。根据文意可知，Dick去照顾一个病人，所以他应该“走进房间”，enter意为“进入”，是一个动词。短文使用的是一般过去时态，这里应填过去式。故填entered。
24．句意：我昨天买肉忘了付钱，直接回家了，但我不是故意这样做的。根据空前“pay”以及句意可知，这里考查短语pay for…，意为“支付，为……付钱”。故填for。
25．句意：我昨天买肉忘了付钱，直接回家了，但我不是故意这样做的。根据空后短语的意思可知，这里考查on purpose，故填on purpose。
26．menu 27．sheep 28．exactly 29．blind 30．looked through
【解析】26．句意：让我们看看今天菜单上有什么。根据“Let’s see what is on the...today.”和备选词可知，此处指看今天的菜单，可数名词menu“菜单”符合题意；此处特指今天的这份菜单，应用单数形式。故填menu。
27．句意：看！田野里有很多羊。根据“in the field”和备选词可知，田野里有羊，sheep“羊”符合题意；many后接复数名词，sheep单复数同形。故填sheep。
28．句意：照我说的做就不会有人受伤。根据“Do...what I tell you”和备选词可知，此处指“照我说的做”，副词exactly“确切地，准确地”符合语境。故填exactly。
29．句意：伊莱年事已高，双眼几乎失明。根据“in both eyes”和备选词可知，此处指双眼失明，应用形容词blind“失明的”作表语。故填blind。
30．句意：史密斯博士在开始这项研究项目之前浏览了许多网站。根据“a number of websites”和备选词可知，此处指浏览网站，look through“浏览”符合题意；根据“started”可知，此句为一般过去时，谓语动词look应用过去式。故填looked through。
31．G 32．D 33．C 34．E 35．A
【分析】这是一则对话。对话就如何提高英语口语能力而展开。
【详解】1.根据下文“You can go to the English Corner to practise your spoken English.”可知，上文内容与“speaking”或“ spoken English”相关。G项“但是我不擅长会话”符合语境。故选G。
2.根据上文“I'm just too shy.”可知，因为“我”是个害羞的人，所以“我”不懂如何用英语和他人交谈。D项“我不懂如何用英语开始和别人说话”符合语境。故选D。
3.根据上文“Oh, no. I'm just too shy.”可知，这里要安慰、鼓励对方。C项“别紧张”符合语境。故选C。
4.根据下文“ Then you can talk with one or two friends.”可知，这里首先介绍提高英语口语能力相对较简单易行的方法。E项“如果你害怕和别人说话，你可以先大声地对自己说”符合语境，其中“first”与“then”呼应。故选E。
5.根据下文“ I'll do as you tell me.”可知 ，这里表示认同对方提出的建议。A项“那听起来不错”符合语境。故选A。
36．Write down a list and make a new plan for the rest life 37．Because she asked for a new life on her own 38．She became a much braver and more interesting old woman
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一位得知自己患癌的56岁老人后积极规划剩余时间的事情，老人觉得自己虽然生活很好，但缺少了自由，在接下来的时间她想为自己而活。
36．根据文中“She did what many sick people did: write down a list. She wanted to make a new plan for her rest life.”可知，她写一张单子，为以后的生活制定一个新的计划。故填Write down a list and make a new plan for the rest life.
37．根据文中“Although she loved her husband, she didn't let her husband know her plan. She asked for a new life on her own.”可知，因为她要求一个独立的新生活。故填Because she asked for a new life on her own.
38．根据文中“But because of it, I would become a much braver and more interesting old woman.”可知，她变成了一个更勇敢、更有趣的老妇人。故填She became a much braver and more interesting old woman.
39．B 40．A 41．C 42．A 43．B
【分析】健康的身体对我们来说很重要，作者建议我们要想尽一切办法保持健康，从而过幸福的生活。
39．细节理解题。根据“When you are sick, maybe the only thing you want to do is lie in bed.”可知，当你生病的时候，也许你唯一想做的就是躺在床上。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据“If you feel happy, you can eat well, sleep well, and your body is sure to be in an excellent condition.”可知，如果你感到快乐，你可以吃得好，睡得好。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据“If you are a busy person and have no special time to do these things, the easiest way is to walk to your office”可知，如果你是一个忙碌的人，没有特别的时间去做这些事情，最简单的方法就是走路去你的办公室。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“If you feel happy, you can eat well, sleep well, and your body is sure to be in an excellent condition.”可知，如果你感到快乐，你可以吃得好，睡得好，你的身体肯定会处于一个良好的状态。故选A。
43．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，健康的身体对我们来说很重要，作者建议我们要想尽一切办法保持健康，从而过幸福的生活。故选B。
44．D 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了二手烟的概念及危害，尤其是对孩子的危害。
44．细节理解题。根据第四段“Most of these deaths happened in Africa and Southern Asia where health care is very poor.”可知大部分死亡发生在非洲和亚洲南部，那里医疗很差。故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“We all know health is the most important in our life”可知作者认为健康是最重要的，故选A。
46．词义猜测题。第二段第一句“Second hand smoke is the smoke that comes from the smoker's breath.”是对二手烟的定义，根据常识可知二手烟是来自吸烟者呼出的烟，即吸烟者的呼吸，故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据最后一段“if someone smokes close to you，you'd better hold your breath or just walk away.”可知远离吸烟者可以远离二手烟，故选D。
48．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕二手烟讲解其危害及解决办法，故选B。
答案第1页，共2页