单元提升卷 15 Unit 4 Space Exploration
(
单元基础知识巩固
)
重点单词变形
1 ．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→ n ．智慧
2 ．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→ vt.查明；确定；决定→
n ．决心；果断
3 ．disappointed adj. 失望的； 沮丧的 → vt. 使失望 → adj. 令人失望的 →
n ．失望；沮丧
4 ．desire n ．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→ adj.渴望的，想要的
5 ．independent adj.独立的；自立的→ adv.独立地；自立地
→ n ．独立；自立→ vi.依靠
6 ．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n ．缺乏；短缺→ adj.缺乏的；不足的
7 ．argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→ n ．争论；争吵；论点
8 ．analysis n ．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→ v ．分析
9 ．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→ adv.有规律地；经常；定期地
10 ．limited adj.有限的→ adj.无限的→ vt.& n ．限制
重点词组
1 ．carry on 6 ．result in
2 ．on board 7 ．as a result
3 ．in the hope of doing sth. 8 ．provide for sb.
4 ．so as to (do sth.) 9 ．in closing
5 ．figure out 10 ．run out
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1 ．Though (lack) cooking experience, the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.
2 ．When asked whether he was (determine)to be an astronaut, the boy just look at me with determination.
3 ．Aid should be given to developing countries with no strings (attach).
4 ．Air pollution is a (globe) problem.
5 ．I got this job through an employment (agent).
6 ．She handled a difficult (argue) skilfully.
7 ．After graduation he would like to live (independence).
8 ．A (disappoint) look came into his face.
9 ．A (limit)number of cars is available.
10 ．Though very (intelligence), she is nevertheless rather modest.
11 ．Please email us before the deadline with your photos in the (attach).
12 ．This is the first time she has experienced (disappointed).
13 ．The whole thing seems very (mystery).
14 ．I have the honour (make) a speech to welcome the exchange students from America.
15 ．To (strength) my body, I must join a fitness club and work out regularly.
16 ．As we know, important social skills, which enable us (develop) lifelong friendships, are developed
through direct contact with others.
17 ．Knowledge is , but my memory me to remember only information.(limit)
18 ．The only way (succeed) is to work harder and harder.
19 ．Some are filling in forms for a well-paid job.(apply)
20 ．The software enables you (access) the Internet in seconds.
21 ．That’s why we were here -- to (observation) Tibetan antelopes.
22 ．Parents and children should communicate more (narrow) the gap between them so that they can
understand each other better.
23 ．Seeing me ，the confident girl gave me a (determination) look.
24 ．Gathering and (analyse) data is helpful because the result of the (analyse) can help
solve the problem.
25 ．My challenge is to help you resolve these (argue) as efficiently as possible.
26 ．For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only (tell) to return the next day.
27 ．Tom is always the last one (hand) in his homework.
28 ．Successful education enables the young generations (behave) with integrity.
29 ．The disappearance of grey wolves resulted a chain reaction in the forest.
30 ．The purity of the water is tested (regular).
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
31 ．The man saw the farmer working in the field, and he (发信号) to him to turn left.
32 ．Scientists have collected more (数据) than expected.
33 ．We (回收) all our empty glass bottles.
34 ．It’s impossible to say who struck the (致命的) blow.
35 ．There is a great shortage of (资源) materials in many hospitals.
36 ．Something must have gone wrong with the (卫星) link.
37 ．This (设施) is open to both new and existing borrowers.
38 ．To (说明) my point, I would like to show you some figures.
39 ．In our solar (系统) eight planets circle around the sun.
40 ．All the people in the country have a right to (确定) their own future. （根据汉语提示拼写单词）
41 ．You'd better practice swimming in a (浅的) pool at the beginning.
42 ．The researches develop the smart keyboard to (代替) the password system.
43 ．They use their sense of hearing to (捕捉) their prey. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
44 ．There is a set (程序) for applying for experiencing the new goods for free.
45 ．Due to the desire for peace, both sides accepted the agreement without a (争辩).
三、完成句子
46 ．他们就餐价的问题和老板发生了争论。
They the boss the price of the meal.
47 ．她渴望被一所著名的大学录取。
She that she into a famous university.
48 ．Tom 决心成为医生，最终梦想成真。
Tom become a doctor, and his dream came true at last.
49 ．如果你想取得进步，弄清楚考试不及格的原因是很重要的.
If you want to make progress, it is important the reason why you fail the exam.
50 ．你总是第一个来,最后一个离开.
You are always come and the last to leave.
(
高考能力提升
)
四、阅读理解
A
Traveling to Mars is usually a lonely business with a single spacecraft taking off to the Red Planet. That appeared to be the case again on July 30, when NASA’s Perseverance rover (火星车) roared at Cape Canaveral. But this time the ship will have plenty of company. On July 19, the United Arab Emirates joined the Mars game, launching Hope spacecraft to orbit Mars. Four days later, China launched its Tianwen-1 spacecraft. And a fourth
mission, a joint Russian-European project, ExoMars, was also planned for this summer.
So why all the interest in Mars — and why right now The timing issue has everything to do with planetary
mechanics (行星力学). As they fly their differing solar orbits — Earth on the inner track, Mars on the outer — the
distance between the two worlds is forever changing. At their greatest remove, when they are on opposite sides of
the sun, they are up to 250 million miles apart.
But once every two years, they line up on the same side of the sun, with just 35 million miles separating them. This summer just such an alignment (排成直线) is taking place, reducing planetary travel time to seven- month. So
that explains the when question.
The why part is because of Mars’ potentially biological history. The surface of the planet is covered with dry
riverbeds, ancient sea basins, and deep depressions that could only indicate long-vanished water.
Previous rover analyses in similar locations have discovered chemicals that form only in water, proving that Mars was once extremely wet. Now the mission is to look for fossilized organisms or signs of microbial life. Perseverance will collect Martian soil samples, awaiting another spacecraft that could leave Earth as early as 2026,
collect the samples and fly them home for analysis.
Finding life on Mars would be a highly significant discovery. The bragging (吹嘘) rights that go with being first
to make the find is part of what makes the planet the hot new destination it’s become.
51 ．What does the underlined word “the case” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A ．The Mars game. B ．Traveling to Mars alone.
C ．Having plenty of company. D ．A single spacecraft.
52 ．What can be learned about planetary mechanics
A ．Earth and Mars fly similar solar orbits.
B ．Earth travels on the outer track and Mars the inner.
C ．Every three years Earth and Mars sit at the same side of the sun.
D ．The distance between the two worlds varies constantly.
53 ．Previous rover analyses indicate that .
A ．the surface of Mars is full of microbial life B ．Perseverance is going to finish its task
C ．there may exist life on Mars D ．Martian soil samples are easy to get
54 ．What is the main idea of the passage
A ．Traveling to Mars is becoming hugely easy. B ．Finding life on Mars is around the corner.
C ．Many nations are going to Mars this summer. D ．Living on Mars appeals to people
B
The earth has many mysteries for people to explore and we live on the earth for protection. Do you know that the earth has two North Poles There’s the geographic North Pole, which never changes. And there’s the magnetic
(有磁性的) North Pole, which is always on the move. Over the past 150 years, the magnetic North Pole has casually
wandered 685 miles across northern Canada. But right now it’s racing 25 miles a year to the northwest. This could be a sign that we’re about to experience something humans have never seen before: a magnetic polar flip (翻转). And
when this happens, it could affect much more than just your compass.
Right now on the surface of the planet, it looks like it’s just a bar magnet. Our compasses are just pointing to one pole at a time because there’s mainly a two-pole system. But sometimes, the earth doesn’t just have a single magnetic North and South Pole. Evidence suggests that, for hundreds to thousands of years at a time, our planet has had four, six, and even eight poles. This is what has happened when the magnetic poles flipped in the past. And
when it happens again, it won’t be good news for humans.
Now you might think, eight poles must be better than two. But the reality is that multiple magnetic fields would
fight each other. This could weaken the earth’s protective magnetic field by up to 90% during a polar flip.
The earth’s magnetic field is what protects us from harmful space radiation which can damage cells and cause cancer. With a weaker field in place, some scientists think this could expose planes to higher levels of radiation,
making flights less safe.
This could also interrupt the internal sense of direction in many animals that use the magnetic field for navigation (导航). Even worse, it could make certain places on the planet too dangerous to live in. But what exactly
will take place on the surface is less clear than what will undoubtedly happen in space.
Satellites and space missions will need extra shelter that we’ll have to provide ourselves. Without it, intense
universal and solar radiation will fry circuit boards and increase the risk of cancer in astronauts.
55 ．Which of the following can best describe the earth’s magnetic field
A ．The focus of scientific research. B ．The navigation of satellites.
C ．The center of the universe. D ．The protective umbrella of humans.
56 ．What will some animals be faced with when the magnetic poles flip
A ．Losing the ability to hunt for food.
B ．Bearing very loud noise day and night.
C ．Being unable to find directions exactly.
D ．Being unable to protect themselves from danger.
57 ．What can we learn from the text
A ．Astronauts are more likely to suffer from cancer.
B ．The magnetic North Pole is moving faster than before.
C ．Flights aren’t allowed to travel as usual when the magnetic poles flip.
D ．There are always more than two magnetic poles on the earth at a time.
58 ．What may be the best title for the text
A ．What will happen when the poles flip B ．The ways that scientists research poles
C ．How and when will the poles flip D ．The reasons why scientists research poles
六、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sitting inside the Shenzhou XVI spacecraft, Gui Haichao, the first Chinese civilian on a spaceflight, together with the other two astronauts, 59 ( launch) by a 20-story-tall Long March 2F carrier rocket, 60
took offat 9:31 am on May 30, 2023 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
Born in 1986, Gui’s 61 (enthusiastic) for science has been developing since childhood. He had a set of encyclopedias (百科全书) from which he gained a lot of basic space knowledge. Years later, Gui Haichao attended
Beihang University, 62 (major) in spacecraft design and engineering.
Gui then pursued postdoctoral research overseas and published about 20 SCI academic papers in top international journals. After returning to China, he received Beihang’s invitation to teach 63 an associate
professor.
In the spring of 2018, Gui was told that China’s manned space authorities had made a decision 64 (select) the third group of astronauts, including the first spaceflight engineers and science payloads specialists. “I have been 65 fan of space exploration for many years and sometimes dreamed about doing my research in space. So excited was I on hearing this news 66 I signed up without much thought. Eventually I was 67
(successful) admitted following several demanding rounds of 68 (profession) tests,” he recalled.
七、邀请信
69 ．假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部征集以“ 中国航天”为主题的短视频，你打算邀请你校的交换生 Thomas
一起制作，请给他写一份邮件，内容包括：
1. 作品要求；
2. 你对作品的设想。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 参考词汇：中国航天 China Aerospace
Dear Thomas,
Yours,
Li Hua单元提升卷 15 Unit 4 Space Exploration
(
单元基础知识巩固
)
重点单词变形
1 ．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n ．智慧
2 ．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determination n ．决心；果断
3．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失
望；沮丧
4 ．desire n ．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desired adj.渴望的，想要的
5 ．independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.独立地；自立地→independence n ．独立；自立→depend
vi.依靠
6 ．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n ．缺乏；短缺→lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的
7 ．argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n ．争论；争吵；论点
8 ．analysis n ．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyz(s)e v ．分析
9 ．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv.有规律地；经常；定期地
10 ．limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limit vt.& n ．限制
重点词组
1 ．carry on 继续做，坚持干
2 ．on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3 ．in the hope of doing sth.抱着…… 的希望
4 ．so as to (do sth.)为了；以便
5 ．figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
6 ．result in 导致；造成
7 ．as a result 所以；结果(是)
8 ．provide for sb.提供生活所需
9 ．in closing 最后
10 ．run out 用完；耗尽
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1 ．Though (lack) cooking experience, the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.
2 ．When asked whether he was (determine)to be an astronaut, the boy just look at me with determination.
3 ．Aid should be given to developing countries with no strings (attach).
4 ．Air pollution is a (globe) problem.
5 ．I got this job through an employment (agent).
6 ．She handled a difficult (argue) skilfully.
7 ．After graduation he would like to live (independence).
8 ．A (disappoint) look came into his face.
9 ．A (limit)number of cars is available.
10 ．Though very (intelligence), she is nevertheless rather modest.
11 ．Please email us before the deadline with your photos in the (attach).
12 ．This is the first time she has experienced (disappointed).
13 ．The whole thing seems very (mystery).
14 ．I have the honour (make) a speech to welcome the exchange students from America.
15 ．To (strength) my body, I must join a fitness club and work out regularly.
16 ．As we know, important social skills, which enable us (develop) lifelong friendships, are developed
through direct contact with others.
17 ．Knowledge is , but my memory me to remember only information.(limit)
18 ．The only way (succeed) is to work harder and harder.
19 ．Some are filling in forms for a well-paid job.(apply)
20 ．The software enables you (access) the Internet in seconds.
21 ．That’s why we were here -- to (observation) Tibetan antelopes.
22 ．Parents and children should communicate more (narrow) the gap between them so that they can
understand each other better.
23 ．Seeing me ，the confident girl gave me a (determination) look.
24 ．Gathering and (analyse) data is helpful because the result of the (analyse) can help
solve the problem.
25 ．My challenge is to help you resolve these (argue) as efficiently as possible.
26 ．For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only (tell) to return the next day.
27 ．Tom is always the last one (hand) in his homework.
28 ．Successful education enables the young generations (behave) with integrity.
29 ．The disappearance of grey wolves resulted a chain reaction in the forest.
30 ．The purity of the water is tested (regular).
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
31 ．The man saw the farmer working in the field, and he (发信号) to him to turn left.
32 ．Scientists have collected more (数据) than expected.
33 ．We (回收) all our empty glass bottles.
34 ．It’s impossible to say who struck the (致命的) blow.
35 ．There is a great shortage of (资源) materials in many hospitals.
36 ．Something must have gone wrong with the (卫星) link.
37 ．This (设施) is open to both new and existing borrowers.
38 ．To (说明) my point, I would like to show you some figures.
39 ．In our solar (系统) eight planets circle around the sun.
40 ．All the people in the country have a right to (确定) their own future. （根据汉语提示拼写单词）
41 ．You'd better practice swimming in a (浅的) pool at the beginning.
42 ．The researches develop the smart keyboard to (代替) the password system.
43 ．They use their sense of hearing to (捕捉) their prey. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
44 ．There is a set (程序) for applying for experiencing the new goods for free.
45 ．Due to the desire for peace, both sides accepted the agreement without a (争辩).
三、完成句子
46 ．他们就餐价的问题和老板发生了争论。
They the boss the price of the meal.
47 ．她渴望被一所著名的大学录取。
She that she into a famous university.
48 ．Tom 决心成为医生，最终梦想成真。
Tom become a doctor, and his dream came true at last.
49 ．如果你想取得进步，弄清楚考试不及格的原因是很重要的.
If you want to make progress, it is important the reason why you fail the exam.
50 ．你总是第一个来,最后一个离开.
You are always come and the last to leave.
参考答案：
1 ．lacking
【详解】考查省略句。句意：虽然这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验， 但他们通过上网寻求一些建议来弥补这一不足。
此处为状语从句的省略，从句省略和主句一样的主语和 be 动词，故填 lacking。
2 ．determined
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当被问到是否决心当宇航员时，这个男孩只是坚定地看着我。作表语，应用形
容词 determined。故填 determined。
3 ．attached
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对发展中国家的援助不应附加任何条件。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词 attach 和被修饰的名词no strings 是逻辑上的动宾关系，动词要用过去分词形式，表示被动，作补语。故填
attached。
4 ．global
【详解】考查形容词。句意：空气污染是一个全球性的问题。此处应用形容词 global 作定语，修饰名词
problem，意为“全球的” ，故填 global。
5 ．agency
【详解】考查名词。句意：我是通过职业介绍所找到这份工作的。此处应用名词作宾语，表示“代理公司；服
务机构”为名词 agency，由 an 可知，应用单数，故填 agency。
6 ．argument
【详解】考查名词。句意：她巧妙地处理了一个争吵。此处应用名词 argument 作宾语，表示“争吵” ，由 a 可
知，应用单数，故填 argument。
7 ．independently
【详解】考查副词。句意：毕业后他想独立生活。空格处修饰动词 live，应用副词 independently，意为“独立
地” ，作状语。故填 independently。
8 ．disappointed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他脸上露出失望的神色。分析句子可知空处应为形容词作定语修饰 look，而
disappoint 的形容词为 disappointed（失望的） 和 disappointing（令 人失望的）， “失望的表情”为 disappointed
look。故填 disappointed。
9 ．limited
【详解】考查形容词。句意：可供使用的汽车数量有限。修饰名词 number 应用形容词 limited，作定语。故
填 limited。
10 ．intelligent
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：她虽然很聪明，但却相当谦虚。分析句子成分可知， “Though”引导的
让步状语从句使用了省略原则，省略了主语和 be 动词。故填 intelligent。
11 ．attachment
【详解】考查名词。句意：请在截止日期前发邮件给我们， 并附上你的照片。作介词的宾语， 应用名词attachment。
故填 attachment。
12 ．disappointment
【详解】考查名词。句意：这是她第一次感到失望。作宾语，应用名词 disappointment，不可数。故填
disappointment。
13 ．mysterious
【详解】考查形容词。句意：整件事似乎很神秘。分析句子可知， seems 为系动词， 其后用形容词作表语， mystery
对应的形容词为 mysterious（神秘的）。故填 mysterious。
14 ．to make
【详解】考查不定式。句意：我荣幸地向来自美国的交换生们致辞表示欢迎。 have the honour to do sth. (有做
某事的荣幸) ，make 用不定式形式作后置定语。故填 to make。
15 ．strengthen
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：为了增强我的身体，我必须加入健身俱乐部并定期锻炼。该空用动词原形形
式和前面的 to 构成不定式作目的状语，动词 strengthen (增强)符合句意，故填 strengthen。
16 ．to develop
【详解】考查不定式。句意：正如我们所知，重要的社交技能是通过与他人的直接接触而发展起来的，它使 我们能够发展终身的友谊。固定搭配 enable sb to do sth 意为“使某人能够做某事” ，设空处应填动词 develop
的不定式 to develop，作宾语补足语。故填 to develop。
17 ． limitless limits limited
【详解】考查形容词和动词时态及主谓一致。句意：知识是无限的，但我的记忆限制了我只能记住有限的信 息。分析句子和句意可知，空处①应为形容词，作表语， limitless 形容词，意为“无限的” ，符合句意，故填 limitless；空处②应为动词，作谓语，由“is”和句意可知，本句应为一般现在时，表示客观现实，主语为“my memory”，谓语用第三人称单数形式， 故填 limits；空处③应为形容词， 作定语修饰名词“information”，limited
形容词，意为“有限的” ，符合句意，故填 limited。故空①填 limitless，空②填 limits，空③填 limited。
18 ．to succeed
【详解】考查不定式。句意：成功的唯一途径就是越来越努力地工作。 way to do sth. (做某事的方法)，不定
式形式作后置定语。故填 to succeed。
19 ． applicants application to apply
【详解】考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：一些申请人正在填写申请表，申请一份高薪工作。 some 修饰复数名
词作主语，结合句意用名词 applicant“申请人” 的复数形式；空②表示“ 申请表”用名词 application，作定语，
修饰名词 forms；空③用不定式作目的状语， apply for“申请”符合句意，故填①applicants②application②to
apply。
20 ．to access
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个软件使你在几秒钟内就能上网。根据句中谓语动词“enables”可知，空 处应为非谓语动词；动词短语 enable sb to do sth 表示“使某人能够做某事” ，符合句意，故应用动词不定式，
作宾补。故填 to access。
21 ．observe
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。分析句子可知，此空应填动词原形
和前面 to 构成不定式，在本句中作目的状语。故填 observe。
22 ．to narrow
【详解】考查不定式。句意：父母和孩子应该多沟通，缩小彼此之间的差距，这样才能更好地理解对方。分
析句子可知，空处为不定式作目的状语，故填 to narrow。
23 ．determined
【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到我，那个自信的女孩坚定地看了我一眼。修饰名词 look 用形容词作定语，
determined“坚定的”符合句意，故填 determined。
24 ． analysing analysis
【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：收集和分析数据是有帮助的，因为分析的结果可以帮助解决问题。
第一空作主语，应用动名词形式；第二空作宾语应用名词 analysis，此处为特指应用单数。故填①analysing；
②analysis
25 ．arguments
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的挑战是帮助你尽可能有效地解决这些争论。动词 resolve 后跟名词作宾语， argue
的名词为 argument，为可数名词，根据可数名词的性质和 these，应使用其复数形式，故填 arguments。
26 ．to be told
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们等了将近 3 个小时的决定， 不料却被告知第二天再来。分析句子可知， 句子主干成分完整，结合空前的“only”可推知，空处表示出乎意料的结果，表示“不料却，结果却” ，作句子 的结果状语，且 tell“告知”和 we 逻辑上是被动关系，应用 tell 的不定式被动语态to be told。故填 to be told。
27 ．to hand
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：汤姆总是最后一个交家庭作业。the last ... to do sth.表示“最后一个做 … …”；
此次表示“最后一个交家庭作业” 。动词不定式作后置定语。故填 to hand。
28 ．to behave
【详解】考查不定式。句意：成功的教育使年轻一代行为正直。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”，
不定式作宾补。故填 to behave。
29 ．in
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：灰狼的消失在森林里引起了连锁反应。分析句子，句中 result in 为固定短语，
意为“导致” 。故填 in。
30 ．regularly
【详解】考查副词。句意：定期检查水的纯洁性。根据句子分析可知，此处应用副词“regularly 定期地”作状
语，修饰动词 tested，故填 regularly。
31 ．signalled/signaled
【详解】考查动词。句意：那人看见农夫在地里干活，便示意他向左转。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使
用动词 signal，由 saw 可知，陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填 signalled 或 signaled。
32 ．data
【详解】考查名词。句意：科学家们收集的数据比预期的要多。根据汉意提示以及空前动词“have collected”
可知，空处应为集合名词 data 作宾语。故填 data。
33 ．recycle
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们回收所有的空玻璃瓶。 “ 回收”译为 recycle，根据句意可知，本句表示一
般事实，用一般现在时，主语为 We，动词用原形。故填 recycle。
34 ．fatal
【详解】考查形容词。句意：很难说是谁给了他致命一击。表示“致命的”译为 fatal，在句子中作 blow 的定语。
故填 fatal。
35 ．resource
【详解】考查名词。句意：许多医院的资源材料严重短缺。 materials 前面缺少名词“ 资源”(resource)作定语，
故填 resource。
36 ．satellite
【详解】考查名词。句意：一定是卫星连接出了问题。分析句子可知， “卫星”译为 satellite，此处用名词作定
语，用名词单数。故填 satellite。
37 ．facility
【详解】考查名词。句意：该设施对新借用人和现有借用人都开放。分析句子结构， 空白处在句子中做主语， 使用名词， 根据汉语提示， 表示“设施”含义的名词为 facility，符合句意， 根据谓语动词 is 可知， 用名词的单
数形式。故填 facility。
38 ．illustrate
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了说明这一点，我想给你们看一些数字。根据汉语提示可知应用动词 illustrate，
此处为不定式作目的状语，填原形。故填 illustrate。
39 ．system
【详解】考查名词。句意：在我们的太阳系中， 有八颗行星绕着太阳转。 “系统”表达为名词 system，solar system
意为“太阳系” ，作 In 的宾语。故填 system。
40 ．determine
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个国家的所有人都有权决定自己的未来。根据汉意提示，应为动词 determine，
且照应空前不定式符号，应为动词原形。故填 determine。
41 ．shallow
【详解】考查形容词。句意：开始时，你最好在一个浅的池塘练习游泳。根据汉语提示， “浅的” 的英文为
shallow，修饰名词作定语，故填 shallow。
42 ．replace
【详解】考查动词。句意：研究开发智能键盘来代替密码系统。 “代替”表达为动词 replace，此处为动词不定
式作目的状语， to 后用动词原形。故填 replace。
43 ．capture
【详解】考查动词。句意：它们利用听觉捕捉猎物。 “捕捉”表达为动词 capture，此处考查动词不定式作目的
状语， to 后接动词原形。故填 capture。
44 ．procedure
【详解】考查名词。句意： 申请免费体验新商品是有一套程序的。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，表示
“程序”用 procedure。故填 procedure。
45 ．argument/rgument
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于渴望和平，双方毫无争议地接受了协议。根据首字母提示可知， “争辩”应用 名词 argument，是不可数名词， 作 without 的宾语， 构成固定短语 without argument，意为“无异议地， 毫无争
辩地” 。故填 argument。
46 ． argue with about
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。 “就某事与某人争论”为动词短语 argue with sb. about sth.，句子描述描述一般
性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是 they，谓语动词 argue 应用原形，故填①argue；②with；③about。
47 ． has a desire be admitted
【详解】考查短语， 时态和名词性从句中的虚拟语气。表示“渴望”短语为 have a desire，其后用 that 引导同位 语从句，从句不是表示客观事实，是一种愿望，用(should) do sth.构成虚拟语气， should 可以省略；表示“被
录取”短语为 be admitted into。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为 she，谓语用三单形式。故填①has a
desire；②be；③admitted。
48 ． was determined to
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。 “决心做某事”为短语 be determined to do，由 came 可知，句子描述过去发生
的事，应用一般过去时，主语是 Tom ，be 动词应用 was ，故填 was determined to。
49 ． to figure out
【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，主句中“it”为形式主语，所以应为不定式作真正的主语。 “弄
清楚”译为固定搭配 figure out。故填 to figure out。
50 .
the first to
【详解】考查时态语态。表示“第一个”应用 the first，后跟不定式作定语。故填 the first to。
(
高考能力提升
)
四、阅读理解
A
Traveling to Mars is usually a lonely business with a single spacecraft taking off to the Red Planet. That appeared to be the case again on July 30, when NASA’s Perseverance rover (火星车) roared at Cape Canaveral. But this time the ship will have plenty of company. On July 19, the United Arab Emirates joined the Mars game, launching Hope spacecraft to orbit Mars. Four days later, China launched its Tianwen-1 spacecraft. And a fourth
mission, a joint Russian-European project, ExoMars, was also planned for this summer.
So why all the interest in Mars — and why right now The timing issue has everything to do with planetary mechanics (行星力学). As they fly their differing solar orbits — Earth on the inner track, Mars on the outer — the distance between the two worlds is forever changing. At their greatest remove, when they are on opposite sides of
the sun, they are up to 250 million miles apart.
But once every two years, they line up on the same side of the sun, with just 35 million miles separating them. This summer just such an alignment (排成直线) is taking place, reducing planetary travel time to seven- month. So
that explains the when question.
The why part is because of Mars’ potentially biological history. The surface of the planet is covered with dry
riverbeds, ancient sea basins, and deep depressions that could only indicate long-vanished water.
Previous rover analyses in similar locations have discovered chemicals that form only in water, proving that Mars was once extremely wet. Now the mission is to look for fossilized organisms or signs of microbial life. Perseverance will collect Martian soil samples, awaiting another spacecraft that could leave Earth as early as 2026,
collect the samples and fly them home for analysis.
Finding life on Mars would be a highly significant discovery. The bragging (吹嘘) rights that go with being first
to make the find is part of what makes the planet the hot new destination it’s become.
51 ．What does the underlined word “the case” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A ．The Mars game. B ．Traveling to Mars alone.
C ．Having plenty of company. D ．A single spacecraft.
52 ．What can be learned about planetary mechanics
A ．Earth and Mars fly similar solar orbits.
B ．Earth travels on the outer track and Mars the inner.
C ．Every three years Earth and Mars sit at the same side of the sun.
D ．The distance between the two worlds varies constantly.
53 ．Previous rover analyses indicate that .
A ．the surface of Mars is full of microbial life B ．Perseverance is going to finish its task
C ．there may exist life on Mars D ．Martian soil samples are easy to get
54 ．What is the main idea of the passage
A ．Traveling to Mars is becoming hugely easy. B ．Finding life on Mars is around the corner.
C ．Many nations are going to Mars this summer. D ．Living on Mars appeals to people
B
The earth has many mysteries for people to explore and we live on the earth for protection. Do you know that the earth has two North Poles There’s the geographic North Pole, which never changes. And there’s the magnetic (有磁性的) North Pole, which is always on the move. Over the past 150 years, the magnetic North Pole has casually wandered 685 miles across northern Canada. But right now it’s racing 25 miles a year to the northwest. This could be a sign that we’re about to experience something humans have never seen before: a magnetic polar flip (翻转). And
when this happens, it could affect much more than just your compass.
Right now on the surface of the planet, it looks like it’s just a bar magnet. Our compasses are just pointing to one pole at a time because there’s mainly a two-pole system. But sometimes, the earth doesn’t just have a single magnetic North and South Pole. Evidence suggests that, for hundreds to thousands of years at a time, our planet has had four, six, and even eight poles. This is what has happened when the magnetic poles flipped in the past. And
when it happens again, it won’t be good news for humans.
Now you might think, eight poles must be better than two. But the reality is that multiple magnetic fields would
fight each other. This could weaken the earth’s protective magnetic field by up to 90% during a polar flip.
The earth’s magnetic field is what protects us from harmful space radiation which can damage cells and cause cancer. With a weaker field in place, some scientists think this could expose planes to higher levels of radiation,
making flights less safe.
This could also interrupt the internal sense of direction in many animals that use the magnetic field for navigation (导航). Even worse, it could make certain places on the planet too dangerous to live in. But what exactly
will take place on the surface is less clear than what will undoubtedly happen in space.
Satellites and space missions will need extra shelter that we’ll have to provide ourselves. Without it, intense
universal and solar radiation will fry circuit boards and increase the risk of cancer in astronauts.
55 ．Which of the following can best describe the earth’s magnetic field
A ．The focus of scientific research. B ．The navigation of satellites.
C ．The center of the universe. D ．The protective umbrella of humans.
56 ．What will some animals be faced with when the magnetic poles flip
A ．Losing the ability to hunt for food.
B ．Bearing very loud noise day and night.
C ．Being unable to find directions exactly.
D ．Being unable to protect themselves from danger.
57 ．What can we learn from the text
A ．Astronauts are more likely to suffer from cancer.
B ．The magnetic North Pole is moving faster than before.
C ．Flights aren’t allowed to travel as usual when the magnetic poles flip.
D ．There are always more than two magnetic poles on the earth at a time.
58 ．What may be the best title for the text
A ．What will happen when the poles flip B ．The ways that scientists research poles
C ．How and when will the poles flip D ．The reasons why scientists research poles
六、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sitting inside the Shenzhou XVI spacecraft, Gui Haichao, the first Chinese civilian on a spaceflight, together with the other two astronauts, 59 ( launch) by a 20-story-tall Long March 2F carrier rocket, 60
took offat 9:31 am on May 30, 2023 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
Born in 1986, Gui’s 61 (enthusiastic) for science has been developing since childhood. He had a set of encyclopedias (百科全书) from which he gained a lot of basic space knowledge. Years later, Gui Haichao attended
Beihang University, 62 (major) in spacecraft design and engineering.
Gui then pursued postdoctoral research overseas and published about 20 SCI academic papers in top international journals. After returning to China, he received Beihang’s invitation to teach 63 an associate
professor.
In the spring of 2018, Gui was told that China’s manned space authorities had made a decision 64 (select) the third group of astronauts, including the first spaceflight engineers and science payloads specialists. “I have been 65 fan of space exploration for many years and sometimes dreamed about doing my research in
space. So excited was I on hearing this news 66 I signed up without much thought. Eventually I was 67
(successful) admitted following several demanding rounds of 68 (profession) tests,” he recalled.
七、邀请信
69 ．假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部征集以“ 中国航天”为主题的短视频，你打算邀请你校的交换生 Thomas
一起制作，请给他写一份邮件，内容包括：
1. 作品要求；
2. 你对作品的设想。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 参考词汇：中国航天 China Aerospace
Dear Thomas,
Yours,
Li Hua
51 ．B 52 ．D 53 ．C 54 ．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是讲今年夏天许多国家都要登陆火星。
51．词句猜测题。根据第一段第一句“Traveling to Mars is usually a lonely business with a single spacecraft taking off to the Red Planet.(前往火星通常是一件孤独的事情，只有一艘宇宙飞船向这颗红色星球起飞。 )”根据下文 “ when NASA’s Perseverance rover (火星车) roared at Cape Canaveral.” （当美国宇航局的毅力号探测器在卡纳
维拉尔角呼啸而过。）可知，此处是指这种孤独的火星之旅似乎再次出现。故选 B。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“As they fly their differing solar orbits — Earth on the inner track, Mars on the outer — the distance between the two worlds is forever changing.(当它们在不同的太阳轨道上飞行时——地球在 内侧轨道上，火星在外侧轨道上——两个世界之间的距离永远在变化。 )”可知，地球和火星之间的距离不断
变化。故选 D。
53 ．细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Previous rover analyses in similar locations have discovered chemicals that
form only in water, proving that Mars was once extremely wet. Now the mission is to look for fossilized organisms
or signs of microbial life.(之前的火星车在类似地点的分析发现了只在水中形成的化学物质， 证明火星曾经非常 潮湿。现在的任务是寻找生物化石或微生物生命的迹象。 )”可知，之前的漫游者分析表明火星上可能存在生
命。故选 C。
54 ．主旨大意题。根据第一段“ On July 19, the United Arab Emirates joined the Mars game, launching Hope
spacecraft to orbit Mars. Four days later, China launched its Tianwen-1 spacecraft. And a fourth mission, a joint
Russian-European project, ExoMars, was also planned for this summer.”（7 月 19 日，阿拉伯联合酋长国加入了火 星计划，发射了环绕火星运行的希望号宇宙飞船。四天后，中国发射了“天文一号”宇宙飞船。第四次任务， 俄罗斯和欧洲的联合项目 ExoMars，也计划在今年夏天进行） 最后一段“Finding life on Mars would be a highly significant discovery. The bragging (吹嘘) rights that go with being first to make the find is part of what makes the planet the hot new destination it’s become.(在火星上发现生命将是一项意义重大的发现。第一个发现的人可以吹 嘘自己的权利，这也是这颗行星成为热门新目的地的部分原因。 )”可知，文章主要是讲今年夏天许多国家都
要去火星。故选 C。
55 ．D 56 ．C 57 ．B 58 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了地球的磁场对人类的作用， 以及磁极翻转会给地球上的生命所
带来的影响。
55 ．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“The earth’s magnetic field is what protects us from harmful space radiation which can damage cells and cause cancer.(地球磁场保护我们免受有害的太空辐射， 这种辐射会损害细胞并导致
癌症)”可推知，地球磁场是人类的保护伞。故选 D 项。
56 ．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“This could also interrupt the internal sense of direction in many animals that use the magnetic field for navigation (导航).(这也可能打断许多使用磁场进行导航的动物的内部方向感)”可知，
当磁极翻转时， 一些动物将找不到确切的方向。故选 C 项。
57 ．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Over the past 150 years, the magnetic North Pole has casually wandered 685 miles across northern Canada. But right now it’s racing 25 miles a year to the northwest.(在过去的 150 年里，磁北 极在加拿大北部随意地徘徊了 685 英里。但现在它每年向西北方向行驶 25 英里)”可知， 磁北极比以前移动得
更快。故选 B 项。
58．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“This could be a sign that we’re about to experience something humans have never
seen before: a magnetic polar flip (翻转). And when this happens, it could affect much more than just your
compass.(这可能是一个迹象，表明我们即将经历人类从未见过的东西：磁极翻转。当这种情况发生时，它可 能影响的不仅仅是你的指南针)”并结合文章可知，本文主要说明了地球的磁场对人类的作用，以及磁极翻转 会给地球上的生命所带来的影响。由此可知， How and when will the poles flip (两极将如何以及何时翻转？ )适
合作本文最佳标题。故选 C 项。
59 ．was launched 60 ．which 61 ．enthusiasm 62 ．majoring 63 ．as 64 ．to select 65 ．a
66 ．that 67 ．successfully 68 ．professional
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国航天员队伍的新成员——桂海潮。
59 ．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意： 2023 年 5 月 30 日上午 9 点 31 分，在酒泉卫星发射中心， 一枚 20 层 楼高的长征 2F 运载火箭发射了神舟十六号飞船，中国首位平民桂海超和另外两名宇航员坐在飞船内。分析 句子可知，空处在句子中作谓语，句子为一般过去时，主语为 Gui Haichao，主语与 launch 之间为被动关系。
故填 was launched。
60．考查定语从句。句意：2023 年 5 月 30 日上午 9 点 31 分， 在酒泉卫星发射中心， 一枚 20 层楼高的长征 2F 运载火箭发射了神舟十六号飞船， 中国首位平民桂海超和另外两名宇航员坐在飞船内。分析句子可知， 空处 引导非限制性定语从句， 修饰先行词 a 20-story-tall Long March 2F carrier rocket，先行词为物， 且在从句中作
主语。故填 which。
61 ．考查名词。句意：1986 年出生的他，从小就对科学充满热情。分析句子可知，空处应为名词，作本句主
语，表示桂海潮对于科学的热情源于他的童年时期。故填 enthusiasm。
62 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，且主语 Gui Haichao 与 major 之
间为主动关系。故填 majoring。
63 ．考查介词。句意：多年后，桂海超进入北京航空航天大学，主修航天器设计与工程。根据句意可知，桂
海潮回国后，应邀到北京航空航天大学以副教授的身份进行教学，设空处为介词，表示作为。故填 as。
64 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：2018 年春天，桂被告知，中国载人航天当局已决定选择第三批宇航员，包括首 批航天工程师和科学有效载荷专家。make a decision to do sth.为固定搭配， 表示“下定决心做某事”。故填to select。 65 ．考查冠词。句意：多年来，我一直是太空探索的粉丝，有时梦想着在太空中进行研究根据句意可知，此
处表示“是…… 的一个粉丝” ，表泛指。故填 a。
66 ．考查状语从句。句意：听到这个消息，我很兴奋，想都没想就报名了。根据上下文可知，桂海潮在得知
选拔的消息时如此激动以至于毫不犹豫地报了名，此处应为 so…that... 引导的结果状语从句。故填 that。
67．考查副词。句意：经过几轮严格的专业测试， 我最终被录取了。分析句子可知， 空处修饰后面的动词admitted，
故用其副词形式。此处指桂海潮最后成功入选，成为一名真正的宇航员。故填 successfully。
68 ．考查形容词。句意：经过几轮严格的专业测试，我最终被录取了。分析句子可知，空处为形容词，修饰
空后的名词 tests ，表示“专业的测试” 。故填 professional。
69 ．Dear Thomas,
To celebrate the inspiring progress Chinese space industry has made, our school’s photography club is
collecting short videos on the relevant topic themed at “China Aerospace”. Therefore, I’m writing to invite you to
make one delicately-designed video with me.
The video is supposed to be limited to 10 minutes and show the advances in our space industry. To impress
the viewers, not only am I considering including the history of our space exploration, but some outstanding
astronauts will be interviewed in the video.
I know you are keen on space exploration and it would be a precious opportunity to deepen our
understanding. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生 Thomas 写邮件邀请他一起制作“ 中国航天”为主题的
短视频。
【详解】 1.词汇积累
庆祝： celebrate→observe
相关的： relevant→correlative
杰出的： outstanding→splendid
加深： deepen→ strengthen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： To celebrate the inspiring progress Chinese space industry has made, our school’s photography club is
collecting short videos on the relevant topic themed at “China Aerospace” .
拓展句：Our school’s photography club is collecting short videos on the relevant topic themed at “China Aerospace”,
which aims at celebrating the inspiring progress Chinese space industry has made.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】To impress the viewers, not only am I considering including the history of our space
exploration, but some outstanding astronauts will be interviewed in the video. （运用了 not only 置于句首引起的部
分倒装）
【高分句型 2】I know you are keen on space exploration and it would be a precious opportunity to deepen our
understanding. （运用了省略引导词 that 的宾语从句）
