高二开学阶段性测试
英语试题
第二部分阅读(共两节 ,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Inventions That Changed the World
The course of human evolution has been filled with inventions. The following inventions changed the world in one way or another.
Match
Many of us wonder what life was like before matches. We can thank a British pharmacist and his dirty mixing stick. In 1820s, John Walker noticed a dried lump on the end of a stick while he was stirring a mix of chemicals. When he tried to scrape (刮掉) it off, flames appeared. The initial matches were made of cardboard but soon the matches came in a box equipped with a piece of sandpaper for striking.
Penicillin
Penicillin was discovered in 1928 when a young bacteriologist, Alexander Fleming, was tidying up his lab. After having been on vacation, he returned to work to find that a dish of Staphylococcus bacteria had been left uncovered, and he noticed that mould (霉菌) on the culture had killed many of the bacteria. His further research found that it could kill other bacteria.
Microwave Oven
Of all the sci-fi kitchen appliances, the microwave oven really relieves the load on housewives. It was discovered in the 1940s. When Percy Spencer, an engineer, was working on a magnetron (磁控管), he noticed that a chocolate bar in his pocket had started to melt due to the microwaves. Spencer found that indeed, when food was placed in the box with the microwave energy, it cooked quickly.
Plastic
The first plastic was invented in 1907 by Leo Hendrik Baekeland. His initial quest was to invent a ready replacement for shellac (虫胶), an expensive product got from lac beetles. Baekeland combined formaldehyde (甲醛) with a waste product of coal, and heated the mixture. Rather than a shellac-like material, he created a substance that didn’t melt under heat and stress.
21. Who invented matches
A. John Walker. B. Alexander Fleming.
C. Percy Spencer. D. Leo Hendrik Baekeland.
22. What had Leo Hendrik Baekeland originally intended to invent
A. A shellac-like material. B. A product from lac beetles.
C. A replacement for shellac. D. A waste product of coal.
23 What do the four inventions have in common
A. They were the results of joint efforts. B. They were the accidental discoveries.
C. They were the fruits of years of research. D. They were unaccepted when coming out.
B
When Schauna Austin was 20 years old, she lost her husband in a car crash. Unable to raise a baby alone, she made a difficult decision during pregnancy — to place her baby for adoption. She gave birth to a child she named Riley, and held him for 72 hours straight. “It was perfect,” Austin said, holding her new baby. “I knew I would have him for a short time, so I made every minute count. I didn’t sleep for three days until the time came to let him go.”
Her Riley became another family’s Steven. Like most closed adoptions, a firewall went up between Austin and Steven’s new parents — no communication whatsoever. But that only lasted about a week. Adoptive mother Jennifer Schoebinger and her husband, Chris Schoebinger, said they had no interest in excluding the birth mother. “You know, you can’t have too many people loving you, right Why couldn’t he be both of ours ” Chris Schoebinger said.
So, year after year, they sent Austin piles of pictures and bound books detailing Steven’s every major and minor milestones. The Schoebingers said they did this so that when Austin and their son were ready, they could pick up right where they left off. The two reunited when Steven was 7 years old. Austin taught him how to fish, and they have kept in contact ever since. Austin felt blessed beyond words, and Steven felt he got the best of both worlds.
Steven is now 26, married, and with a baby boy of his own. Much to the delight of Austin, he named the child Riley. “I think the lesson we learned is that sometimes we create barriers where barriers don’t need to be. And when we pull down those barriers, we really find love on the other side,” Chris Schorbinger said.
That love on the other side has continued to grow. The families spend Thanksgiving as one, and will of course be getting together again in the days ahead.
24. What does the underlined sentence in the second paragraph mean
A. The less people love you, the better.
B. There are too many people who care about you.
C. Being loved by many people is desirable.
D. It’s a burden to be cared about by too many people.
25. What was Austin’s attitude towards reuniting with her son
A. Tolerant. B. Grateful. C. Uneasy. D. Angry.
26. What can we learn about the Schoebingers from the passage
A. They did not give birth to any children.
B. They contacted Austin as soon as they took Steven in.
C. They felt blessed beyond words when Austin taught Steven how to fish.
D. They believed it better to get the biological mother involved.
27. What does the author want to convey most through the passage
A Biological parents are crucial to a child’s growth.
B. People create barriers where barriers don’t need to be.
C. Adoptive parents and biological parents should raise children together.
D. Love is found when we pull down unnecessary barriers.
C
The University of Exeter is launching a new program in September 2024 called the Master of Arts (MA) in Magic and Occult Science. This program is all about exploring ideas in a different way, according to its leader, Professor Emily Selove.
Selove explained on BBC Radio 4’s Today program that this degree in magic takes a fresh approach to studying history, science, philosophy, religion, and literature. It looks at these subjects from a unique viewpoint that hasn’t received much attention from scholars before.
The university mentioned that this course will give students a chance to dig into the history and effects of witchcraft (巫术) and magic worldwide, including their influence on society and science. Expert s in various fields will teach the course and help students understand how magic has played a role in both Western and Eastern cultures.
The University of Exeter already received more than a hundred inquiries for MA degree. The “innovative” MA has been created following a “recent surge in interest in magic”, the course leader said. The interest in studying magic is on the rise, both within and outside of academic circles. This is because people are searching for fresh viewpoints on how we connect with other human cultures and the natural world, Selove explained.
Selove said that our ancestors had some interesting ideas that we may have ignored. These ideas have the potential to be valuable philosophical thoughts and could provide us with a new way of understanding society. “The MA in Magic and Occult Science would challenge the belief that the Western world is only characterized by rationalism (理性主义) and science while the rest of the world is associated with magic and superstition (迷信),” she added.
Furthermore, the university mentioned that this course can prepare students for various career paths, including teaching, consulting and tourism as well as work in heritage settings and museums, art organizations, and the publishing industry among other options.
28. What do we know about the MA in Magic and Occult Science
A. It provides a new way to study science and physics.
B. It gives students the opportunity to be exposed to witchcraft.
C. Its course focuses on the magic al world of Eastern culture.
D. Its course allows students to do some magic experiments.
29. What does the underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Increase. B. Drop. C. Success. D. Balance.
30. What dose the MA in Magic and Occult Science challenge according to Selove
A. Not many students are interested in the degree.
B. Some ideas about philosophy from our ancestors are ignored.
C There are no supernatural phenomena in the rest of the world.
D. The Western world is regarded as a rational and scientific world.
31. What does the university think of the job prospects for the graduates of MA
A. Challenging. B. Uncertain. C. Brilliant. D. Worrying.
D
Since the Endangered Species Act (ESA) was passed in 1973, it has helped hundreds of species avoid extinction in the United States. The strong conservation policy has been used as a model in other countries. But it’s not as successful as it could be, a new study finds.
Researchers have discovered most species are not being protected until their numbers have become so low that their chance of recovery is slim.
“The ESA is an incredibly powerful, ambitious law for protecting our endangered wildlife. Yet, for decades, the agency primarily responsible for operating the ESA — the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) — has been starved of resources,” lead author Erich Eberhard says.
“As a result, we are very slow to give species the protection that they deserve. We typically wait until species are extremely rare and thus at extreme risk of extinction, and then, when a species is finally listed, the USFWS is straining its resources to try to recover it.”
In 1993, a study found that few species received protection under the ESA until their populations became very small. For the new study, researchers repeated the methods used in the earlier research to see whether protections have become better since the problem was first noted. They also looked at trends in “wait times” — the amount of time between when a species is identified as potentially needing protection and when it actually receives protection under the ESA.
“Our analysis suggests that, in the nearly 30 years since attention was first brought to this problem, we have not become more active in protecting endangered species,” says Eberhard.
The researchers found that the population sizes of species when they first became protected under the ESA are not statistically different from those in the 1993 study. They also discovered that there are long wait times between when a species is identified as likely needing protection and when they actually receive them.
“I can say that our study paints the current state of the ESA as a bit of cautionary (告诫的) tale for the strong conservation policy,” says Eberhard.
32. What problem does the USFWS have protecting endangered species
A. It takes ineffective measures. B. It is lacking in resources.
C. It can’t get timely information. D. It is an irresponsible organization.
33. What is the purpose of the new study
A. To try out new ways to protect endangered species.
B. To find out the exact number of endangered species.
C. To check the time needed to save endangered species.
D. To see if endangered species have been better protected.
34. How can the study help with animal conservation
A. It found out many more endangered species.
B. It pointed out the direction for the USFWS to act on.
C. It proved the role of the public in conservation.
D. It showed some effective ways to protect animals.
35. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. The USFWS Needs Stronger Laws
B. The ESA Has Achieved Great Success
C. New Conversation Laws Are on the Way
D. Endangered Species Act Isn’t Working Well
第二节(共 5 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When heading to bed, people often do some things to promote sleep, such as drinking a cup of warm milk. ___36___ The answer is varied.
"One reason that warm milk makes people sleepy is that it reminds you of the person who was kind enough to give it to you when you were younger," said psychologist Michael. ___37___
On the molecular level, the tryptophan (色氨酸) in milk has properties which can promote sleeping. ___38___ Our bodies use the tryptophan from food, along with other things, to produce the brain chemical serotonin, which is transformed into melatonin, a hormone that helps you sleep.
___39___ That's because the body transforms it into hormones that enhance sleep. But in reality, it would take a lot of tryptophan to make a person feel sleepy. Even if a person drinks that much milk, it's unclear whether the high amount of tryptophan would be enough to make him or her feel sleepy. Milk, after all, contains many other materials that compete to enter our brain through the blood. Thus, the sleep-promoting effect of milk is limited.
As for the temperature of the milk, there aren't any studies that suggest milk has to be warm for any of its psychological or physical effects to kick in. ___40___ It can in turn help to relax the body.
A. The calming association may help to lower pre-sleep anxiety.
B. In theory, taking food rich in tryptophan can make us feel sleepy.
C. The body needs the tryptophan in the milk to calm ourselves down.
D. Can the temperature of the milk accelerate the speed of our sleeping
E. The body cannot produce tryptophan, so people must get it from the diet.
F. But the warmth of the milk may help raise our internal body temperatures.
G. But is there any scientific evidence that drinking warm milk will make you sleepy
第三部分 语言知识运用 ( 共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world. It is quite ___41___ to choose whom to admit. ___42___, in the chaos of SAT scores and recommendations, one ___43___ is always irresistible in a candidate: kindness.
The most surprising ___44___ of kindness I’ve ever ___45___ came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor (顾问). Even with these qualifications, he might not have ___46___. But one letter of recommendation caught my eye. It was from a school security ___47___. Letters of recommendation are typically written by people like former presidents, celebrities, and Olympic athletes.
The security guard wrote that he supported this student’s admission because of his ___48___. This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently ___49___ the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up the classroom after his peers left school ____50____ nobody was watching. This student, the security guard wrote, had a(n) ____51____ respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.
It gave us a ____52____ onto a student’s life in the moments when nothing “counted”. That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee.
Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations ____53____ this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much ____54____ to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that ____55____.
41. A. definite B. difficult C. delicate D. desperate
42. A. However B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Therefore
43. A. ability B. quality C. limitation D. assumption
44. A. signal B. detector C. appearance D. indication
45. A. come out B. picked up C. come across D. brought up
46. A. stood up B. stood out C. given up D. given out
47. A. guard B. teacher C. principal D. counselor
48. A. wisdom B. bravery C. encouragement D. consideration
49. A. bothered B. answered C. visited D. thanked
50. A. as if B. now that C. even if D. so that
51. A. weird B. accurate C. equal D. initial
52. A. passion B. trouble C. method D. window
53. A. due to B. in need of C. except for D. along with
54. A. money B. notice C. attention D. curiosity
55. A. policy B. trend C. arrangement D. career
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分。)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When you come back home ___56___ a hot summer night, you find that the air conditioner ___57___(work) for 20 minutes to cool the room. This is ___58___ example of the convenience a smart home brings.
A smart home is a convenient home ___59___ users can remotely control appliances and devices from anywhere through the internet. There are___60___(count) kinds of smart home products, from heating to lighting to entertainment and security. Heating products equipped with temperature or humidity sensors can automatically turn on or off when ___61___(require). Some appliances even have self-learning skills and can learn the homeowner’s schedules and make adjustments ___62___(according).
___63___, there are still a few issues with smart products. Some are not as easy to stall by users as advertised. Apps associated with smart appliances are always badly designed and frustrating. What’s worse, every device has its own app, leading to an overwhelming number of apps for consumers___64___(deal) with.
Good news is that based on smart homes are smart communities whose goal is to improve the overall quality of the community, ____65____(provide) convenient services, like applying for water delivery and reporting for repairs, and mutual assistance in daily life for its residents.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
66. 假定你是李华，上周你参加了校心理社(PsychologyClub)举行的“认识你自已”(Know Yourself)活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动时间及目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 收获与感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Self-Discovery Journey at “Know Yourself”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分 25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the students were informed that there was no school on Monday-the Labor Day. “Enjoy your extra day off,” said the teacher. An extra day of fun suited Flora just fine. She loved breaks and expected to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Flora off, she ran into the house happily.
“How was school, Flora ” asked her mom.
“It was great, Mom. I am excited about no school on Monday.”
“You just started back to school two weeks ago. Already in need of a break, huh ” asked Flora’s mom with a laugh.
Flora slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rained most of the day, so Flora enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketbal1 for several hours. Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Flora was so looking forward to. But Flora was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Flora that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Flora couldn’t believe it. This was a holiday, a day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Flora rubbed her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
“Flora, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Let’s get a move on,” said Flora’s mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Flora asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today Isn’t Labor Day a holiday ”
“Yes, Flora. It is,” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place.”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
Flora felt disappointed at her parents’ plan for the holiday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Things began to change as she was doing the chores.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高二开学阶段性测试
英语试题
第二部分阅读(共两节 ,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Inventions That Changed the World
The course of human evolution has been filled with inventions. The following inventions changed the world in one way or another.
Match
Many of us wonder what life was like before matches. We can thank a British pharmacist and his dirty mixing stick. In 1820s John Walker noticed a dried lump on the end of a stick while he was stirring a mix of chemicals. When he tried to scrape (刮掉) it off, flames appeared. The initial matches were made of cardboard but soon the matches came in a box equipped with a piece of sandpaper for striking.
Penicillin
Penicillin was discovered in 1928 when a young bacteriologist, Alexander Fleming, was tidying up his lab. After having been on vacation, he returned to work to find that a dish of Staphylococcus bacteria had been left uncovered, and he noticed that mould (霉菌) on the culture had killed many of the bacteria. His further research found that it could kill other bacteria.
Microwave Oven
Of all the sci-fi kitchen appliances, the microwave oven really relieves the load on housewives. It was discovered in the 1940s. When Percy Spencer, an engineer, was working on a magnetron (磁控管), he noticed that a chocolate bar in his pocket had started to melt due to the microwaves. Spencer found that indeed, when food was placed in the box with the microwave energy, it cooked quickly.
Plastic
The first plastic was invented in 1907 by Leo Hendrik Baekeland. His initial quest was to invent a ready replacement for shellac (虫胶), an expensive product got from lac beetles. Baekeland combined formaldehyde (甲醛) with a waste product of coal, and heated the mixture. Rather than a shellac-like material, he created a substance that didn’t melt under heat and stress.
21. Who invented matches
A. John Walker. B. Alexander Fleming.
C. Percy Spencer. D. Leo Hendrik Baekeland.
22. What had Leo Hendrik Baekeland originally intended to invent
A. A shellac-like material. B. A product from lac beetles.
C. A replacement for shellac. D. A waste product of coal.
23. What do the four inventions have in common
A. They were the results of joint efforts. B. They were the accidental discoveries.
C. They were the fruits of years of research. D. They were unaccepted when coming out.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了影响人类生活的四个发明。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1820s, John Walker noticed a dried lump on the end of a stick while he was stirring a mix of chemicals. When he tried to scrape (刮掉) it off, flames appeared. The initial matches were made of cardboard but soon the matches came in a box equipped with a piece of sandpaper for striking.(19世纪20年代，John Walker在搅拌一种化学混合物时，注意到一根棍子的末端有一个干燥的肿块。当他想把它刮下来时，火焰冒了出来。最初的火柴是用硬纸板做的，但很快火柴就装在一个装有砂纸的盒子里，用来划火柴)”可知，是John Walker发明了火柴。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“His initial quest was to invent a ready replacement for shellac (虫胶), an expensive product got from lac beetles.(他最初的目标是发明一种可以替代虫胶的产品，虫胶是一种从紫胶甲虫中提取的昂贵产品)”可知，Leo Hendrik Baekeland最初的目标是要发明一种可以替代虫胶的材料。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1820s, John Walker noticed a dried lump on the end of a stick while he was stirring a mix of chemicals. When he tried to scrape (刮掉) it off, flames appeared.(19世纪20年代，John Walker在搅拌一种化学混合物时，注意到一根棍子的末端有一个干燥的肿块。当他想把它刮下来时，火焰冒了出来)”；第三段“After having been on vacation, he returned to work to find that a dish of Staphylococcus bacteria had been left uncovered, and he noticed that mould (霉菌) on the culture had killed many of the bacteria. His further research found that it could kill other bacteria. (度假结束后，他回到工作岗位，发现有一盘葡萄球菌没有盖上，他注意到培养物上的霉菌杀死了许多细菌。他进一步的研究发现它可以杀死其他细菌)”；第四段“When Percy Spencer, an engineer, was working on a magnetron(磁控管), he noticed that a chocolate bar in his pocket had started to melt due to the microwaves. Spencer found that indeed, when food was placed in the box with the microwave energy, it cooked quickly. (当工程师珀西·斯宾塞在研究磁控管时，他注意到他口袋里的一块巧克力由于微波的作用开始融化。斯宾塞发现，确实，当食物被放在微波能量的盒子里时，它煮得很快)”以及最后一段“His initial quest was to invent a ready replacement for shellac (虫胶), an expensive product got from lac beetles.(他最初的目标是发明一种可以替代虫胶的产品，虫胶是一种从紫胶甲虫中提取的昂贵产品)”可知，这四个发明的诞生都是偶然的。故选B。
B
When Schauna Austin was 20 years old, she lost her husband in a car crash. Unable to raise a baby alone, she made a difficult decision during pregnancy — to place her baby for adoption. She gave birth to a child she named Riley, and held him for 72 hours straight. “It was perfect,” Austin said, holding her new baby. “I knew I would have him for a short time, so I made every minute count. I didn’t sleep for three days until the time came to let him go.”
Her Riley became another family’s Steven. Like most closed adoptions, a firewall went up between Austin and Steven’s new parents — no communication whatsoever. But that only lasted about a week. Adoptive mother Jennifer Schoebinger and her husband, Chris Schoebinger, said they had no interest in excluding the birth mother. “You know, you can’t have too many people loving you, right Why couldn’t he be both of ours ” Chris Schoebinger said.
So, year after year, they sent Austin piles of pictures and bound books detailing Steven’s every major and minor milestones. The Schoebingers said they did this so that when Austin and their son were ready, they could pick up right where they left off. The two reunited when Steven was 7 years old. Austin taught him how to fish, and they have kept in contact ever since. Austin felt blessed beyond words, and Steven felt he got the best of both worlds.
Steven is now 26, married, and with a baby boy of his own. Much to the delight of Austin, he named the child Riley. “I think the lesson we learned is that sometimes we create barriers where barriers don’t need to be. And when we pull down those barriers, we really find love on the other side,” Chris Schorbinger said.
That love on the other side has continued to grow. The families spend Thanksgiving as one, and will of course be getting together again in the days ahead.
24. What does the underlined sentence in the second paragraph mean
A. The less people love you, the better.
B. There are too many people who care about you.
C. Being loved by many people is desirable.
D. It’s a burden to be cared about by too many people.
25. What was Austin’s attitude towards reuniting with her son
A. Tolerant. B. Grateful. C. Uneasy. D. Angry.
26. What can we learn about the Schoebingers from the passage
A. They did not give birth to any children.
B. They contacted Austin as soon as they took Steven in.
C. They felt blessed beyond words when Austin taught Steven how to fish.
D. They believed it better to get the biological mother involved.
27. What does the author want to convey most through the passage
A. Biological parents are crucial to a child’s growth.
B. People create barriers where barriers don’t need to be.
C. Adoptive parents and biological parents should raise children together.
D. Love is found when we pull down unnecessary barriers.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Schoebinger夫妇收养了一个孩子，他们没有排斥孩子的生母，让她也参与到孩子的成长中，让孩子获得了更多的爱。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线句子上文“Adoptive mother Jennifer Schoebinger and her husband, Chris Schoebinger, said they had no interest in excluding the birth mother. (养母Jennifer Schoebinger和她的丈夫Chris Schoebinger表示，他们无意排除这位生母。)”可知，夫妻二人希望孩子也能感受到生母的爱。结合选项：A. The less people love you, the better. (爱你的人越少越好。)；B. There are too many people who care about you. (关心你的人太多了。)；C. Being loved by many people is desirable.(被许多人所爱是令人向往的。)；D. It’s a burden to be cared about by too many people. (被太多人关心是一种负担。)。由此可知，他们希望更多人给予这个孩子爱，因为受到许多人的喜爱是令人向往的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Austin taught him how to fish, and they have kept in contact ever since. Austin felt blessed beyond words, and Steven felt he got the best of both worlds. (奥斯汀教他如何钓鱼，从那以后他们一直保持联系。奥斯汀感到无法用语言形容的幸福，史蒂文觉得他两全其美。)”可知，能够与儿子团聚，奥斯汀感到无法用语言形容的幸福，她很感激Schoebinger夫妇。由此推知，奥斯汀对与儿子团聚是感激的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Adoptive mother Jennifer Schoebinger and her husband, Chris Schoebinger, said they had no interest in excluding the birthmother. (养母Jennifer Schoebinger和她的丈夫Chris Schoebinger表示，他们无意排除这位生母。)”和第三段中“So, year after year, they sent Austin piles of pictures and bound books detailing Steven’s every major and minor milestone. (因此，年复一年，他们给奥斯汀寄来了成堆的图片和装订好的书，详细描述了史蒂文的每一个重大和次要的里程碑。)”可知，Schoebinger夫妇想让奥斯汀参与到孩子的成长中，让孩子感受到生母的爱。由此推知，Schoebinger夫妇认为最好让孩子的生母参与到孩子的成长中。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““I think the lesson we learned is that sometimes we create barriers where barriers don’t need to be. And when we pull down those barriers, we really find love on the other side,” Chris Schlesinger said. (“我认为我们学到的教训是，有时我们会在不需要设置障碍的地方设置障碍。当我们推倒这些障碍时，我们真的会在另一边找到爱，”Chris Schlesinger说。)”可知，作者通过文章内容想要告诉我们，当我们推倒生活中不必要的障碍时，会在另一边找到爱。故选D项。
C
The University of Exeter is launching a new program in September 2024 called the Master of Arts (MA) in Magic and Occult Science. This program is all about exploring ideas in a different way, according to its leader, Professor Emily Selove.
Selove explained on BBC Radio 4’s Today program that this degree in magic takes a fresh approach to studying history, science, philosophy, religion, and literature. It looks at these subjects from a unique viewpoint that hasn’t received much attention from scholars before.
The university mentioned that this course will give students a chance to dig into the history and effects of witchcraft (巫术) and magic worldwide, including their influence on society and science. Expert s in various fields will teach the course and help students understand how magic has played a role in both Western and Eastern cultures.
The University of Exeter already received more than a hundred inquiries for MA degree. The “innovative” MA has been created following a “recent surge in interest in magic”, the course leader said. The interest in studying magic is on the rise, both within and outside of academic circles. This is because people are searching for fresh viewpoints on how we connect with other human cultures and the natural world, Selove explained.
Selove said that our ancestors had some interesting ideas that we may have ignored. These ideas have the potential to be valuable philosophical thoughts and could provide us with a new way of understanding society. “The MA in Magic and Occult Science would challenge the belief that the Western world is only characterized by rationalism (理性主义) and science while the rest of the world is associated with magic and superstition (迷信),” she added.
Furthermore, the university mentioned that this course can prepare students for various career paths, including teaching, consulting and tourism as well as work in heritage settings and museums, art organizations, and the publishing industry among other options.
28. What do we know about the MA in Magic and Occult Science
A. It provides a new way to study science and physics.
B. It gives students the opportunity to be exposed to witchcraft.
C. Its course focuses on the magic al world of Eastern culture.
D. Its course allows students to do some magic experiments.
29. What does the underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Increase. B. Drop. C. Success. D. Balance.
30. What dose the MA in Magic and Occult Science challenge according to Selove
A. Not many students are interested in the degree.
B. Some ideas about philosophy from our ancestors are ignored.
C. There are no supernatural phenomena in the rest of the world.
D. The Western world is regarded as a rational and scientific world.
31. What does the university think of the job prospects for the graduates of MA
A. Challenging. B. Uncertain. C. Brilliant. D. Worrying.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。埃克塞特大学将于2024年9月推出一个名为魔术和神秘科学文学硕士的新项目。本文主要分析了开设该课程的目的以及就业前景。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“The university mentioned that this course will give students a chance to dig into the history and effects of witchcraft (巫术) and magic worldwide, including their influence on society and science. (该大学提到，这门课程将让学生有机会深入了解世界各地巫术和魔法的历史和影响，包括它们对社会和科学的影响。)”可知，“魔法与神秘学”硕士学位将让学生有机会深入研究世界范围内巫术和魔法的历史和影响。所以B项正确。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四自然段“The interest in studying magic is on the rise, both within and outside of academic circles. (学术界内外对魔法研究的兴趣都在上升。)”可知，在学术界内外，研究魔法的兴趣都在上升。所以画线词surge表示“增长，增加”。 A. Increase增加；B. Drop减少；C. Success成功；D. Balance平衡。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““The MA in Magic and Occult Science would challenge the belief that the Western world is only characterized by rationalism (理性主义) and science while the rest of the world is associated with magic and superstition (迷信),”she added. (她补充道：“魔法与神秘科学硕士学位将挑战这样一种信念，即西方世界只以理性主义和科学为特征，而世界其他地区则与魔法和迷信有关。”)”可知，Selove教授认为，魔法与神秘学硕士学位将挑战这样一种信念，即西方世界的特征只有理性主义和科学，而世界其他地方则与魔法和迷信有关。也就是说，魔法与神秘科学硕士学位的挑战是：西方世界被广泛认为是一个理性和科学的世界。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Furthermore, the university mentioned that this course can prepare students for various career paths, including teaching, consulting and tourism as well as work in heritage settings and museums, art organizations, and the publishing industry among other options. (此外，该大学提到，这门课程可以让学生为各种职业道路做好准备，包括教学、咨询和旅游，以及在遗产环境、博物馆、艺术组织和出版业等领域工作。)”可知，魔法与神秘学硕士学位的毕业生可以选择各种职业道路，包括教学、咨询、旅游和辅导，以及在遗产机构、博物馆、图书馆、艺术组织和出版业等领域的工作。由此可知，这个学位的工作前景是大有希望的。故选C。
D
Since the Endangered Species Act (ESA) was passed in 1973, it has helped hundreds of species avoid extinction in the United States. The strong conservation policy has been used as a model in other countries. But it’s not as successful as it could be, a new study finds.
Researchers have discovered most species are not being protected until their numbers have become so low that their chance of recovery is slim.
“The ESA is an incredibly powerful, ambitious law for protecting our endangered wildlife. Yet, for decades, the agency primarily responsible for operating the ESA — the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) — has been starved of resources,” lead author Erich Eberhard says.
“As a result, we are very slow to give species the protection that they deserve. We typically wait until species are extremely rare and thus at extreme risk of extinction, and then, when a species is finally listed, the USFWS is straining its resources to try to recover it.”
In 1993, a study found that few species received protection under the ESA until their populations became very small. For the new study, researchers repeated the methods used in the earlier research to see whether protections have become better since the problem was first noted. They also looked at trends in “wait times” — the amount of time between when a species is identified as potentially needing protection and when it actually receives protection under the ESA.
“Our analysis suggests that, in the nearly 30 years since attention was first brought to this problem, we have not become more active in protecting endangered species,” says Eberhard.
The researchers found that the population sizes of species when they first became protected under the ESA are not statistically different from those in the 1993 study. They also discovered that there are long wait times between when a species is identified as likely needing protection and when they actually receive them.
“I can say that our study paints the current state of the ESA as a bit of cautionary (告诫的) tale for the strong conservation policy,” says Eberhard.
32. What problem does the USFWS have protecting endangered species
A. It takes ineffective measures. B. It is lacking in resources.
C. It can’t get timely information. D. It is an irresponsible organization.
33. What is the purpose of the new study
A. To try out new ways to protect endangered species.
B. To find out the exact number of endangered species.
C. To check the time needed to save endangered species.
D. To see if endangered species have been better protected.
34. How can the study help with animal conservation
A. It found out many more endangered species.
B. It pointed out the direction for the USFWS to act on.
C. It proved the role of the public in conservation.
D. It showed some effective ways to protect animals.
35. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. The USFWS Needs Stronger Laws
B. The ESA Has Achieved Great Success
C. New Conversation Laws Are on the Way
D. Endangered Species Act Isn’t Working Well
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现《濒危物种法》效果不佳的表现。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中““The ESA is an incredibly powerful, ambitious law for protecting our endangered wildlife. Yet, for decades, the agency primarily responsible for operating the ESA — the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) — has been starved of resources,” lead author Erich Eberhard says. (“ESA是一项非常强大、雄心勃勃的法律，旨在保护我们濒危的野生动物。然而，几十年来，主要负责运营欧空局的机构——美国鱼类和野生动物管理局(USFWS)——一直缺乏资源，”主要作者埃里希·埃伯哈德说。)”可知，美国鱼类和野生动物局在保护濒危物种方面问题是缺乏资源。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第五段中“For the new study, researchers repeated the methods used in the earlier research to see whether protections have become better since the problem was first noted. (在这项新研究中，研究人员重复了早期研究中使用的方法，以观察自首次发现问题以来，保护措施是否有所改善。)”可知，这项新研究的目的是看看濒危物种是否得到了更好的保护。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段““I can say that our study paints the current state of the ESA as a bit of cautionary (告诫的) tale for the strong conservation policy,” says Eberhard. (埃伯哈德说:“我可以说，我们的研究将濒危物种法案的现状描绘成一个强有力的保护政策的警示故事。”)”可知，这项研究为美国鱼类和野生动物管理局的行动指明了方向。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“Since the Endangered Species Act (ESA) was passed in 1973, it has helped hundreds of species avoid extinction in the United States. The strong conservation policy has been used as a model in other countries. But it’s not as successful as it could be, a new study finds. (自从1973年《濒危物种法案》(ESA)通过以来，它已经帮助美国数百种物种避免了灭绝。强保护政策已被其他国家作为典范。但一项新的研究发现，它并没有达到预期的效果。)”可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员发现《濒危物种法》效果不佳的表现。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When heading to bed, people often do some things to promote sleep, such as drinking a cup of warm milk. ___36___ The answer is varied.
"One reason that warm milk makes people sleepy is that it reminds you of the person who was kind enough to give it to you when you were younger," said psychologist Michael. ___37___
On the molecular level the tryptophan (色氨酸) in milk has properties which can promote sleeping. ___38___ Our bodies use the tryptophan from food, along with other things, to produce the brain chemical serotonin, which is transformed into melatonin, a hormone that helps you sleep.
___39___ That's because the body transforms it into hormones that enhance sleep. But in reality, it would take a lot of tryptophan to make a person feel sleepy. Even if a person drinks that much milk, it's unclear whether the high amount of tryptophan would be enough to make him or her feel sleepy. Milk, after all, contains many other materials that compete to enter our brain through the blood. Thus, the sleep-promoting effect of milk is limited.
As for the temperature of the milk, there aren't any studies that suggest milk has to be warm for any of its psychological or physical effects to kick in. ___40___ It can in turn help to relax the body.
A. The calming association may help to lower pre-sleep anxiety.
B. In theory, taking food rich in tryptophan can make us feel sleepy.
C. The body needs the tryptophan in the milk to calm ourselves down.
D. Can the temperature of the milk accelerate the speed of our sleeping
E. The body cannot produce tryptophan, so people must get it from the diet.
F. But the warmth of the milk may help raise our internal body temperatures.
G. But is there any scientific evidence that drinking warm milk will make you sleepy
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. E 39. B 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对睡前喝热牛奶是否对睡眠有用进行了解释。文章指出，热牛奶之所以对你睡眠有助一方面是因为它让你想起曾经给你热牛奶的人，这有一定缓解焦虑的作用；另一方面是因为热牛奶里的色氨酸也有促进睡眠的作用，但是实际情况来看，可能其效果有限。除此以外，牛奶的温度从某种程度上也能让你放松，从而睡个好觉。
【36题详解】
根据后文“The answer is varied.(这个答案是多种多样的。)”以及““One reason that warm milk makes people sleepy is that it reminds you of the person who was kind enough to give it to you when you were younger," said psychologist Michael.(心理学家迈克尔说:“热牛奶让人昏昏欲睡的一个原因是，它会让你想起那个在你年轻时好心给你热牛奶的人。”)”和“On the molecular level, the tryptophan（色氨酸）in milk has properties which can promote sleeping.(在分子水平上，色氨酸具有促进睡眠的特性。)”可知，后文是对选项所提出的一个问题进行回答，该问题跟后文所提到的内容相关，故选项应为一个疑问句。选项G中的“scientific evidence”对应后文中的“On the molecular level”，而选项中的make you sleepy在后文又被提到，两者互相照应。故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“'One reason that warm milk makes people sleepy is that it reminds you of the person who was kind enough to give it to you when you were younger,' said psychologist Michael.(心理学家迈克尔说:“热牛奶让人昏昏欲睡的一个原因是，它会让你想起那个在你年轻时好心给你热牛奶的人。”)”可知，热牛奶让人想起曾经给自己温暖的人，使人内心感动，这种联系能减缓睡前焦虑。选项A中的“The calming association”对应前文的提到的“想起那个在你年轻时好心给你热牛奶的人”，这会产生令人镇静的作用，因此推断A项“这种镇静的联系可能有助于降低睡前焦虑。”符合语境。故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Our bodies use the tryptophan from food, along with other things, to produce the brain chemical serotonin, which is transformed into melatonin, a hormone that helps you sleep.(我们的身体利用食物中的色氨酸和其他物质来产生大脑化学物质血清素。血清素被转化为褪黑激素，这种激素有助于睡眠。) ”可知，色氨酸是从食物以及其他物质中获取的，我们身体本身不具有色氨酸。故E选项中的“get it from the diet”对应“use the tryptophan from food, along with other things”。因此推断E项“人体不能产生色氨酸，所以人们必须从饮食中获取色氨酸。”符合语境。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据后文“That's because the body transforms it into hormones that enhance sleep. But in reality, it would take a lot of tryptophan to make a person feel sleepy.(这是因为身体将其转化为增强睡眠的激素。但事实上，需要大量的色氨酸才能让人感到困倦。)”可知，本段从理论和实际两个方面去论述到底色氨酸是否具有助眠的作用。选项B中的“In theory”与后文的“But in reality”相对应。因此推断B项“从理论上讲，食用富含色氨酸的食物会让我们感到困倦。”符合语境。故选B项。
【40题详解】
根据前文“As for the temperature of the milk, there aren't any studies that suggest milk has to be warm for any of its psychological or physical effects to kick in.( 至于牛奶的温度，没有任何研究表明牛奶必须是热的才能发挥其心理或生理作用。)”以及后文“It can in turn help to relax the body.(这反过来有助于放松身体。)”可知，本段讲述的是牛奶的温度可能也是一个影响助眠效果的因素。选项F中的“the warmth of the milk”对应前文的“the temperature of the milk”以及选项中的“raise our internal body temperatures”对应后文的“it”，故选项F“但牛奶的温度可能有助于提高我们体内的温度。”符合语境，具有承上启下的作用。故选F项。
第三部分 语言知识运用 ( 共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world. It is quite ___41___ to choose whom to admit. ___42___, in the chaos of SAT scores and recommendations, one ___43___ is always irresistible in a candidate: kindness.
The most surprising ___44___ of kindness I’ve ever ___45___ came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor (顾问). Even with these qualifications, he might not have ___46___. But one letter of recommendation caught my eye. It was from a school security ___47___. Letters of recommendation are typically written by people like former presidents, celebrities, and Olympic athletes.
The security guard wrote that he supported this student’s admission because of his ___48___. This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently ___49___ the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up the classroom after his peers left school ____50____ nobody was watching. This student, the security guard wrote, had a(n) ____51____ respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.
It gave us a ____52____ onto a student’s life in the moments when nothing “counted”. That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee.
Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations ____53____ this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much ____54____ to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that ____55____.
41. A. definite B. difficult C. delicate D. desperate
42. A. However B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Therefore
43. A. ability B. quality C. limitation D. assumption
44. A. signal B. detector C. appearance D. indication
45. A. come out B. picked up C. come across D. brought up
46. A. stood up B. stood out C. given up D. given out
47. A. guard B. teacher C. principal D. counselor
48. A. wisdom B. bravery C. encouragement D. consideration
49. A. bothered B. answered C. visited D. thanked
50. A. as if B. now that C. even if D. so that
51. A. weird B. accurate C. equal D. initial
52. A. passion B. trouble C. method D. window
53. A. due to B. in need of C. except for D. along with
54. A. money B. notice C. attention D. curiosity
55. A. policy B. trend C. arrangement D. career
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. C 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一个学生因为善良得到学校保安推荐并打动学校审核人员的故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：选择录取谁是相当困难的。A. definite确定的；B. difficult困难的；C. delicate娇嫩的，精致的；D. desperate绝望的。根据前句“Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world.”（每年我都会阅读来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请）可知，申请人太多，选择比较困难，故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在混乱的SAT成绩和推荐中，考生身上的一种品质总是让人无法抗拒：善良。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides此外；D. Therefore因此。分析第1题以及本句语义，可知前后存在转折关系，故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在混乱的SAT成绩和推荐中，考生身上的一种品质总是让人无法抗拒：善良。A. ability能力；B. quality品质，品德；C. limitation限制；D. assumption假定。根据关键词“善良”可知，这是人的一种品质，故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到过的最令人惊讶的善意的表示来自一位成绩优异的学生，他的大学顾问也给予了他支持性的推荐。A. signal信号；B. detector检测器；C. appearance外表；D. indication表示，暗示。他的大学顾问给予了他支持性的推荐，即大学顾问向校方表示学生具备该品质，故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我遇到过的最令人惊讶的善意表示来自一位成绩优异的学生，他的大学顾问也给予了他支持性的推荐。A. come out上市，出来；B. picked up捡起，偶然习得，开车去接；C. come across偶遇，碰见；D. brought up提出。根据首句“Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world.”（每年我都会阅读来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请）可知，我每年都会碰到很多学生和推荐材料，故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：即使有这些资格，他也可能不会脱颖而出。A. stood up起立；B. stood out突出；C. given up放弃；D. given out散发，分发。根据关键词“即使”表示让步可知，一般来说有了这些资质可以脱颖而出，然而并非那样，故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是学校保安发来的。A. guard守卫；B. teacher老师；C. principal校长；D. counselor顾问。根据第8空“The security guard wrote that he supported this student’s admission because of his ___8___.”（保安写道，由于这位学生的__，他支持这名学生入学）可知，推荐信是保安写的，故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，由于这位学生的善解人意，他支持这名学生入学。A. wisdom智慧；B. bravery勇敢；C. encouragement鼓励；D. consideration体贴，善解人意。根据后句“This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff. ”（这个年轻人是学校里唯一知道每个警卫人员名字的人）可知，这位学生是体贴善意的，故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在空荡荡的房间里关灯，每天早上都不断地感谢走廊的班长，并在同龄人离开学校后收拾教室，即使没有人在看。A. bothered打扰；B. answered回答；C. visited拜访；D. thanked感谢。根据第8空可知该学生非常善解人意体贴以及第11空“This student, the security guard wrote, had a(n) __11__respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.”（保安写道，这名学生对学校里的每一个人都有__尊重，无论职位、声望或权力如何。）可知，这位学生对每一个人心怀尊重，他会感谢工作人员，故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他在空荡荡的房间里关灯，每天早上都不断地感谢走廊的班长，并在同龄人离开学校后收拾教室，即使没有人在看。A. as if好像；B. now that既然；C. even if尽管，即使；D. so that以致于。在有人看着的情况下，人们倾向于表现得更好，但是这位学生即使没有人也始终表现体贴善良，难能可贵，此处表示让步关系，故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，这名学生对学校里的每一个人都有平等的尊重，无论职位、声望或权力如何。A. weird怪异的；B. accurate精确的；C. equal同等的；D. initial最初的。根据关键词“无论职位、声望或权力”可知，这位学生对人的尊重是不分职位、声望或权力的，是平等的，故选C项。
52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我们一扇窗户，让我们了解一个学生在什么都不“重要”的时刻的生活。A. passion热情；B. trouble麻烦；C. method方法；D. window窗户。这封推荐信是一个窗口，通过这封推荐信更好地了解学生，故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：由于这篇文章，明年可能会有大量的保安建议。A. due to由于；B. in need of需要；C. except for除了；D. along with和。明年可能会有大量的保安建议的原因是因为这封信引起了注意，故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果这意味着学生们将开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开创这一趋势。A. money钱；B. notice通知；C. attention注意；D. curiosity好奇。根据第8空后句“This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff. ”（这个年轻人是学校里唯一知道每个警卫人员名字的人）可知，这位学生会关注生活中平凡的人，如警卫人员，此处指因这封信引起的影响，考生以后会关注打扫教室的人，故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果这意味着学生们将开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开创这一趋势。A. policy政策；B. trend潮流、趋势；C. arrangement安排；D. career职业。根据关键词“将开始”可知，这是一种新的现象、趋势的开始，故选B项。
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分。)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When you come back home ___56___ a hot summer night, you find that the air conditioner ___57___(work) for 20 minutes to cool the room. This is ___58___ example of the convenience a smart home brings.
A smart home is a convenient home ___59___ users can remotely control appliances and devices from anywhere through the internet. There are___60___(count) kinds of smart home products, from heating to lighting to entertainment and security. Heating products equipped with temperature or humidity sensors can automatically turn on or off when ___61___(require). Some appliances even have self-learning skills and can learn the homeowner’s schedules and make adjustments ___62___(according).
___63___, there are still a few issues with smart products. Some are not as easy to stall by users as advertised. Apps associated with smart appliances are always badly designed and frustrating. What’s worse, every device has its own app, leading to an overwhelming number of apps for consumers___64___(deal) with.
Good news is that based on smart homes are smart communities whose goal is to improve the overall quality of the community, ____65____(provide) convenient services, like applying for water delivery and reporting for repairs, and mutual assistance in daily life for its residents.
【答案】56. on 57. has been working
58. an 59. where
60. countless
61. required
62. accordingly
63. However
64. to deal
65. providing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了智能家居的利弊。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：当你在一个炎热的夏夜回到家时，你发现为了使房间降温，空调已经工作了20分钟。在具体某一天的上下午或晚上，介词用on。故填on。
【57题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当你在一个炎热的夏夜回到家时，你发现为了使房间降温，空调已经工作了20分钟。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合句意并根据“for 20 minutes”可知，此处表示空调已经工作了20分钟，且还在继续运转着，应用现在完成时进行时have/has been doing的形式，从句主语“the air conditioner”是第三人称单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填has been working。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是智能家居带来便利的一个例子。根据“example”可知，空处需填冠词修饰名词，结合句意可知，上文列举的是智能家居带来便利的一个例子，用不定冠词表示泛指，“example”以元音因素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：智能家居是一种方便的家居，用户可以通过互联网从任何地方远程控制家电和设备。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是“a convenient home”，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：智能家居产品种类繁多，从供暖到照明，再到娱乐和安防。根据“kinds”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，countless作形容词，表示“数不尽的”，符合句意。故填countless。
【61题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：装有温度或湿度传感器的加热产品可在要求时自动开启或关闭。根据句意可知，当加热产品被要求时，可以自动开启或关闭，完整形式为when heating products are required，因为主从句主语一致，故将从句主语和be动词一起省略，留下过去分词required。故填required。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：有些电器甚至有自学能力，可以学习房主的时间表，并根据时间表进行相应调整。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰动词短语“make adjustments”。故填accordingly。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，智能产品仍然存在一些问题。根据前后文句意可知，前文提到了智能家居的优势，后文说明了智能产品存在的问题，前后构成转折关系，用副词however (然而)，首字母大写。故填However。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，每台设备都有自己的应用程序，导致消费者需要处理大量的应用程序。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“has”，故空处需填非谓语动词，结合句意可知，消费者有大量要处理的应用程序，deal用动词不定式形式作后置定语。故填to deal。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：好消息是，基于智能家居的是智能社区，其目标是提高社区的整体质量，提供便利的服务，如申请供水和报告维修，以及为居民提供日常生活中的互助。分析句子结构可知，定语从句中已有谓语动词，故空处需填非谓语动词，“smart communities”和“provide”之间是逻辑主动关系，provide用现在分词形式作状语。故填providing。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
66. 假定你是李华，上周你参加了校心理社(PsychologyClub)举行的“认识你自已”(Know Yourself)活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动时间及目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 收获与感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Self-Discovery Journey at “Know Yourself”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Self-Discovery Journey at “Know Yourself”
Last Friday, I had the privilege of attending the “Know Yourself” event organized by our school’s Psychology Club-a journey into self-discovery that was both enriching and enjoyable.
The event, held in the school library, aimed to guide students in gaining a deeper understanding of themselves and promoting mental well-being. The activities were diverse, ranging from group discussions on stress-coping strategies to enjoyable psychological tests that unveiled personality traits and behavioral tendencies.
Through these activities, I gained insights into my coping mechanisms under pressure. Additionally, the psychological tests provided me with new perspectives to better plan my future development. I believe such experiences are invaluable for all participants and will have a positive impact on our future growth.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道学校心理社举行的“认识你自已”活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
愉快的：enjoyable→happy
获得：gain→get
提升：promote→improve
积极的：positive→active
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The event, held in the school library, aimed to guide students in gaining a deeper understanding of themselves and promoting mental well-being.
拓展句：The event, which was held in the school library, aimed to guide students in gaining a deeper understanding of themselves and promoting mental well-being.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The event, held in the school library, aimed to guide students in gaining a deeper understanding of themselves and promoting mental well-being. (运用了非谓语动词过去分词作后置定语)
【高分句型2】The activities were diverse, ranging from group discussions on stress-coping strategies to enjoyable psychological tests that unveiled personality traits and behavioral tendencies. (运用了非谓语动词现在分词作状语以及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分 25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the students were informed that there was no school on Monday-the Labor Day. “Enjoy your extra day off,” said the teacher. An extra day of fun suited Flora just fine. She loved breaks and expected to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Flora off, she ran into the house happily.
“How was school, Flora ” asked her mom.
“It was great, Mom. I am excited about no school on Monday.”
“You just started back to school two weeks ago. Already in need of a break, huh ” asked Flora’s mom with a laugh.
Flora slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rained most of the day, so Flora enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketbal1 for several hours. Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Flora was so looking forward to. But Flora was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Flora that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Flora couldn’t believe it. This was a holiday, a day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Flora rubbed her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
“Flora, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Let’s get a move on,” said Flora’s mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Flora asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today Isn’t Labor Day a holiday ”
“Yes, Flora. It is,” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place.”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
Flora felt disappointed at her parents’ plan for the holiday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Things began to change as she was doing the chores.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Flora felt disappointed at her parents’ plan for the holiday. Turning a deaf ear to what they said, she stormed back into her room, slammed the door and flung herself on to the bed. “A holiday is a holiday,” she grumbled. Suddenly, the door swung open. Her mom walked up to herbed and said in an amiable voice, “Involving yourself in family affairs shows your capability of managing your life. And your participation means a lot to us.” Reluctant as she was, Flora picked up the mop to join them under her mom’s intense gaze.
Things began to change as she was doing the chores. Not until she sorted out the groceries did she realize things could be so neatly arranged and that cleaning the house could also clear her mind. Sunshine casting a warm glow on the tidy room, the mounting grievance in the morning eroded; giving way to a sense of achievement and satisfaction. “I’m sorry,” she apologized to her parents, “Now I know holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Sweat streaming down her face, the exhausting but rewarding experience was deeply engraved in her mind, reminding her of the responsibility to the family.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Flora，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Flora不明白，不愿意做家务的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Flora对父母的假期计划感到失望。”可知，第一段可描写讲述Flora内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Flora做家务的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“随着她开始做家务，情况开始发生变化。”可知，第二段可描写Flora在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。
2.续写线索：感到失望——生气回房间——母亲劝告——做家务过程——态度转变——发现乐趣——享受——道歉——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
意识到：realize/ be aware of
参与：involve oneself in/engage in
表明：show/demonstrate
情绪类
令人愉悦的：amiable /joyful/merry/pleasant
不愿意的：reluctant /unwilling
【点睛】[高分句型1] Not until she sorted out the groceries did she realize things could be so neatly arranged and that cleaning the house could also clear her mind. (运用了部分倒装,状语从句和宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Sweat streaming down her face, the exhausting but rewarding experience was deeply engraved in her mind, reminding her of the responsibility to the family. (运用了独立主格结构和现在分词作状语)
