牛津译林版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 4 Exploring literature 背诵清单学案（含答案）

必修二 Unit4 Exploring literature 知识背诵清单
一、背重点单词
1.___________________vt.&vi.唤起，被唤起；(使)醒来
2.___________________vt.使(船)下水；开始从事
3.___________________vt.包含，含有，容纳
4.___________________n.总结，概括，概要
5.___________________n.特色，特征vt.以……为特色
6.___________________adj.特定的；明确的，具体的
7.___________________adv.因此，所以
8.___________________n.重要议题，争论的问题vt.宣布，公布
9.___________________adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的
10.___________________n.章节；篇章
11.___________________n.舞台；阶段；步骤vt.上演，举办
12.___________________vt.击败，战胜n.失败，战败；击败
13.___________________vt.&n.努力，尝试，试图
14.___________________vt.挺直；(使)变直，变正
15.___________________adv.在……旁边；与……一起
16.___________________n.闪光；闪现vt.&vi.(使)闪光；(使)闪现
答案：1.awaken 2.launch 3.contain 4.summary 5.feature6.specific 7.therefore 8.issue 9.mean 10.chapter
11.stage 12.defeat13.attempt 14.straighten 15.alongside16.flash
二、用核心词汇
1.literature n.文学，文学作品→___________________adj.文学的
2.appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁→___________________ adj.有感染力的；有吸引力的
3.determine v.确定；支配；决心vi.决心→___________________adj.坚定的；坚决的；果断的→___________________n.决心；果断；决定
4.significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的→___________________n.意义；重要性
5.describe vt.描述；形容；把……称为→___________________n.描述，形容，说明
6.reflect vt.&vi.反映，显示；映出(影像);反射(声、光、热等);沉思→___________________n.反映；显示；表达
7.capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的→___________________adj.没有能力→___________________n.能力；才能
8.universe n.宇宙；世界→___________________adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的→_____________adv.普遍地
9.particular adj.特别的；格外的；特指的；挑剔的→___________________adv.特殊地；特别地
10.collect vt.收集→___________________n.收藏品；作品集；募捐
11.transport vt.运输，运送n.交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输→____________________n.交通；运输
12.generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→___________________n.慷慨，大方，宽宏大量
13.poem n.诗→____________________n.诗人→___________________n.诗集，诗歌
14.biography n.传记，传记作品→___________________n.自传
15.extreme adj.极端的；极度的→____________________adv.极其，非常，极端
16.destroy vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏→___________________n.破坏；毁坏→__________adj.毁坏性的；破坏性的
17.accomplish vt.完成→___________________n.成就；完成
18.confuse vt.使困惑→___________________adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的→___________________adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→___________________n.困惑
答案：1.literary 2.appealing 3.determined;determination4.significance 5.description 6.reflection 7.incapable;capability 8.universal;universally 9.particularly 10.collection11.transportation 12.generosity 13.poet;poetry 14.autobiography 15.extremely 16.destruction;destructive17.accomplishment 18.confused;confusing;confusion
【语境活用】
1.From the ___________________expression on his face,we knew that he was ___________________to take up the job,which needed great patience and___________________.(determine)
2.The scientists think Tom's invention is of great___________________,because it is___________________ to cure the patients of deadly disease.(significant)
3.He___________________the robbery in detail to the policeman and his____________________was very valuable —the police caught the robber in a short time.(describe)
4.Some flowers are___________________in the river and the___________________is very beautiful.(reflect)
5.The boy is___________________interested in making model planes but he is not___________________about what he eats.(particular)
6.George is a famous________________who__________ancient coins and antiques.His private__________are worth a larger sum of money.(collect)
答案：1.determined;determined;determination2.significance;significant 3.described;description
4.reflected;reflection 5.particularly;particular6.collector;collects;collections
三、记高频词汇
1.appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁
背词条用法 (1)appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣 appeal to sb.for .. 为……向某人呼吁或请求 appeal to sb.to do sth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事 (2)make an appeal to sb.for ..为……向某人呼吁或请求 make an appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事
背写作佳句 ①The government appealed to International Red Cross to help people suffering from the floods. 政府呼吁国际红十字会帮助在洪水中受灾的群众。 ②Therefore,we make an appeal to everyone to keep away from drugs and cherish our lives. 因此，我们呼吁大家远离毒品，珍爱生命。
2.determine vt.确定；支配；决心vi.决心
背词条用法 (1)determine to do sth.下决心做某事(表示动作) determine on/upon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事 (2)be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态) (3)with determination果断地；坚定地
背写作佳句 ①(2021·全国乙卷)I am fully convinced that as long as we determine to make the most of the online resources we will become smart online learners. 我完全相信，只要我们决心充分利用在线资源，就会成为明智的在线学习者。 ②(2020·浙江7月高考)I am determined to perform well in the final exam,so I'm occupied in preparing for it.我下决心在期末考试中好好发挥，所以我 正忙着准备考试。
3.significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的
背词条用法 (1)be significant for 对……是重要的 be significant=be of significance有意义；重要 (2)be of(great/little/no)significance有(重大/很小/无)意义；(非常/不太/不)重要 attach significance to ...认为……重要
背写作佳句 ①No matter how the Spring Festival customs change,it is still very significant for the Chinese people. 无论春节习俗如何变化，它对中国人民来说仍然有重大意义。 ②(2021·浙江6月高考)This exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings is of great significance,for we can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better 这次学生国画展意义重大，因为我们可以更好地了解国画艺术。
4.description n.描述，形容，说明
背词条用法 (1)beyond description 无法形容，无法描述 (2)describe sth.to sb.向某人描述某事 describe ...as...把……描述为/称为……
背写作佳句 ①(2021·天津高考)It is thought that the scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description. 人们认为西湖的景色美得无法形容。 ②He is routinely described as the greatest scientist since Einstein. 他通常被称为继爱因斯坦之后最伟大的科学家。
5.reflect vt.&vi.反映，显示；映出(影像);反射(声、光、热等);沉思；思考
背词条用法 (1)reflect ...in.. 在……中映出……的影像 reflect sth.from sth.从某物(表面)反射(声、光、热等) reflect on/upon sth.思考某事 (2)be lost in reflection陷入沉思中
背写作佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 当小船沿着河边轻轻移动时，群山静静地倒映在水中，这幅画面令他一时说不出话来。 ②Only if you spend time reflecting on/upon your life and work will you have a bright future. 你只有花时间反思自己的生活和工作，才会有一个光明的未来。
6.capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的
背词条用法 (1)be capable of ...有能力……… (2)the capability to do sth./of doing sth.做某事的能力
背写作佳句 ①Anyone keen on English writing and capable of word processing is expected to apply. 任何热衷于英语写作和有文字处理能力的人都可以申请。 ②The research shows that preschool children have the capability of thinking in abstract terms. 研究表明，学龄前儿童具有抽象思维能力。 ③He is too young to have the capability to care himself. 他太小了，没有能力照顾自己。
7.contain vt.包含，含有，容纳
背词条用法 (1)contain oneself克制自己；自制 (2)sth.included或including sth.包括某物
背写作佳句 ①After the meal,a lucky charm and a red pocket which contains lucky money will be given to everyone and some lucky words are said to each other. 饭后，每个人都会收到一个吉祥饰物和一个装着好运钱的红包，并互相说一些吉利话。 ②The container contains many kinds of fruits, including a pineapple/a pineapple included. 这个容器里盛放着许多种水果，其中包括菠萝。
8.feature n.特色，特征vt.以……为特色，是……的特征
背词条用法 feature sb./sth.as以……为特色；由……主演…… feature in sth.起重要作用；占重要地位
背写作佳句 ①(2021·浙江6月高考)The annual traditional Chinese painting exhibition held in our school features students’ works. 由我们学校举办的一年一度的国画展览以学生的作品为主。 ②To respect the old and to love the young is a key feature of our country. 尊老爱幼是我们国家的一个重要特征。
9.mean adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的v.打算；意味着
背词条用法 (1)be mean with sth.在……方面吝啬 be mean to sb.对某人刻薄 (2)mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做……
背写作佳句 ①The Master said,“The superior man is easy to serve and difficult to please.The mean man is difficult to serve,and easy to please.” 子曰：“君子易事而难说也。小人难事而易说也。” ②We are supposed to learn English well because having a good command of English means more opportunities in the future. 我们应该学好英语，因为掌握好英语意味着在未来有更多的机会。
10.attempt vt.&n.努力，尝试，试图
背词条用法 (1)attempt to do sth.努力做某事，试图做某事 (2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事 at the first attempt第一次尝试
背写作佳句 ①(2019·全国卷I)Hearing you are hosting aChinese painting exhibition,I attempt to applyto be a volunteer for the event. 得知你们要举办中国画展览，我想要申请成为这次活动的志愿者。 ②There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to contact you failed. 在那个遥远的村庄里没有信号，我所有联系你的尝试都失败了。
11.straighten vt.挺直；(使)变直，变正
背词条用法 (1)straighten up直起来；挺直 straighten up=tidy up整理，收拾整齐 (2)get sth.straight明确某事；把某事弄清楚 (3)straight away立即，马上
背写作佳句 ①(2021·浙江1月高考)I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders. 肩上扛着一个巨大的南瓜，我终于挺直了身子。 ②He is determined to straighten up and make himself useful to the country. 他决心改过自新，让自己成为一个对国家有用的人。
四、短语再现
1.___________________惊奇地 2.___________________一系列，各种
3.___________________即将发生(在某人身上),等待着(某人) 4.___________________努力做……
5.___________________总之 6.___________________引起某人的注意
7.___________________在……面前；有……在场 8.___________________具有；呈现；承担
9.___________________总的来说 10.___________________凭借，利用
11.___________________致力，专心，献身 12.___________________尤其，特别
13.___________________半途，部分地 14.___________________保持某人头脑清醒
15.___________________(头脑)清醒；使整洁 16.___________________正要做某事
17.___________________再一次
答案：1.with wonder 2.a range of 3.in store(for sb.)4.make an effort to do 5.in a word 6.bring .to one's attention
7.in the presence of 8.take on 9.in summary 10.draw on11.devote oneself to 12.in particular 13.part way
14.keep one's head clear 15.clear up16.be on the point of doing sth. 17.once more
短语活用
1.devote oneself to致力，专心，献身
背相关短语 (1)devote...to... 把……奉献于……;把……专注于…… be devoted to ... 专心于……;奉献于…… (2)devotion to ...对……的奉献
背写作佳句 ①(2019·全国卷I)If I am chosen,I will devote myself to being a qualified volunteer. 如果被选中，我将致力于成为一名合格的志愿者。 ②(2020·全国卷I)Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion to the cause of education. 大家异口同声地称赞她对教育事业的奉献。
2.draw on/upon凭借，利用，依赖
背相关短语 draw up起草；停住 draw in到达；进站；吸引；吸入 draw back退却，撤回 draw a conclusion得出结论 draw one's attention吸引某人的注意/关注
背写作佳句 ①(2021·全国乙卷)We can draw upon/on various online resources to learn wherever we are at any time. 我们可以利用各种在线资源，随时随地学习。 ②From the chart we can draw a conclusion that most of the people were against this plan. 从图表中我们可以得出结论，大多数人反对这个计划。
3.in particular尤其，特别
背相关短语 be particular about对……讲究/挑剔
背写作佳句 ①Our government attaches great importance to all aspects of development,education in particular. 我们的政府非常重视各方面的发展，尤其是教育。 ②(2018·全国卷I)As is known to us all,the Chinese are rather particular about table manners. 众所周知，中国人非常讲究餐桌礼仪。
4.clear up(头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理；转晴；解决
背相关短语 clear away把……清除掉(以留出空间) clear off离开；逃离；逃跑 clear out把……清空；清理；丢掉
背写作佳句 ①When I woke up,it was broad daylight.The weather had cleared up,the sun was streaming down and the sea was calm. 当我醒来的时候已是大白天了。天气放晴了，阳光普照，海面也平静了。 ②After the bowls and dishes were cleared away,the children sat at the table,playing with building blocks.碗碟收拾好后，孩子们在桌旁坐下来玩积木。
5.be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事
背相关短语 be on the point of doing ..when正要做……这时…… at one point曾经，一度 off the point离题，偏题 to the point简明，恰当；简洁中肯的 There is no point(in)doing sth.做某事是没有意义的
背写作佳句 ①I was on the point of giving up the search when something in the bushes caught my eyes. 我正准备放弃搜索，这时灌木丛中有什么东西吸引住了我的目光。 ②He explained patiently when the discussion got off the point. 在讨论离题时，他就耐心地进行解释。
知识背诵检测
I.单词拼写
1.The building was completely _____________(破坏)by fire.
2.The country_____________(发动)a national campaign against air pollution.
3.Although this drink doesn't_____________(包含)any alcohol,it isn't fit for children.
4.The teacher asked the students to write down the______________(总结)on the paper.
5.The most distinguishing_____________(特色)of Korean food is the spiciness.
6.A person's success lies in changing himself instead of_____________(击败)others.
Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出加黑部分的汉语意思)
1.The manager is now in need of a capable assistant to take care of problems in his absence._____________
2.Although there is more female participation in IT workforce,there remains a significant imbalance between male and female senior positions._____________
3.The issue of protecting cultural heritages is of such importance that we can not afford to ignore it_____________
4.To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting._____________
5.(熟词生义)You can launch programs and documents from your keyboard._____________
6.(熟词生义)The government warned that police would take tougher measures to contain the trouble._____________
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.It's true that once you formed a bad habit,you'll find it ______________(extreme)difficult to get out of it
2.Spending the holidays in Britain wasn't particularly_____________(appeal)to me.
3.He was_____________(determine)to build anew life out of the ruins of his career.
4.It is the first drug that seems to have a very_____________(significance)effect on this disease.
5._____________(describe)of the moon is one of the unique characteristics in ancient Chinese poems.
6.The idea that software is capable _____________any task is broadly true in theory.
7.This question must be brought up time and again in the hope of attracting_____________(universe)attention.
IV.选词填空
devote oneself to, a range of, reflect on/upon, in the presence of, part way, keep one's head clear,
once more, in store for, contain oneself
1.You can_____________for 4—10 hours after exercise.
2.The shy child was in a little nervous state_____________the new teacher.
3.Sound engineers use__________________________techniques to enhance the quality of the recordings.
4.Nobody can exactly predict what the future holds___________________________us.
5.The accident raises questions about the safety of the plan__________________________.
6.She could now no longer__________________________,and was convinced that some disaster was impending.
7.People can often look back and__________________________happy childhood memories.
8.She gladly gave up her part-time job to__________________________her art entirely.
9.She was on the hillside,__________________________up,tired and hungry.
V.关联词汇用准用活
1.用活——同义试试看(用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇)
①He relies on his childhood memories for the material of his novel._____________
②In conclusion,China should become a major economic powerhouse in the next century._____________
③If we'd all work together,I think we could attain our goal._____________
④People are puzzled about all the different labels on food these days._____________
⑤The transport service cannot cope with the pressure of so many additional passengers._____________
2.用准——易错对对碰
(1)confused VS confusing
①I would often get_____________(confuse)when I came across new words with a similar spelling.
②There was a_____________look on his face when he met with a _____________problem.(confuse)
(2)clear up VS clear away
①Earlier this year they were notified that their homes were to be_____________.
②During dinner the confusion was_____________:they had mistaken me for Kenny.
VI.句式升级
1.He has never foreseen that one day his books would sell in millions.(部分倒装)
→__________________________that one day his books would sell in millions.
2.Because prices go up so fast,we can't afford luxuries.(with复合结构)
→__________________________,we can't afford luxuries.
3.The bag is so heavy that you cannot lift it —you'll have to drag it.(too…to.)
→The bag is__________________________---you'll have to drag it.
4.He sent me an email and hoped to get further information.(现在分词作伴随状语)
→He sent me an email,__________________________.
5.The man called yesterday and he wanted to buy the house.(who引导定语从句)
→The man__________________________ wanted to buy the house.
答案：I.1.destroyed 2.launched 3.contain 4.summary5.feature 6.defeating
Ⅱ.1.能力强的 2.显著的 3.问题 4.思考 5.启动 6.遏制
Ⅲ.1.extremely 2.appealing 3.determined 4.significant5.Description 6.of7.universal
IV.1.keep your head clear 2.in the presence of 3.a range of 4.in store for 5.once more 6.contain herself 7.reflect on/upon 8.devote herself to 9.part way
V.1.①draws on ②In summary ③accomplish ④confused ⑤strain
2.(1)①confused ②confused;confusing (2)①cleared away ②cleared up
VI.1.Never has he foreseen 2.With prices going up so fast 3.too heavy for you to lift 4.hoping to get further information 5.who called yesterday