2024届高三英语二轮复习阅日练习学案（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高三英语二轮复习阅日练习学案（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 37.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-06 12:18:19 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
阅读理解每日练10
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.
Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further — changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day.”explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one- thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one- off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. A new study of different plants.
B.A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
2. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A. To detect plants' lack of water.
B.To change compositions of plants.
C.To make the life of plants longer.
D.To test chemicals in plants.
3. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A.They will speed up energy production.
B.They may transmit electricity to the home.
C.They might help reduce energy consumption.
D. They could take the place of power plants.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Can we grow more glowing plants
B.How do we live with glowing plants
C.Could glowing plants replace lamps
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free
单词梳理
Para 1
1.connection n.联系 2.between 两者之间 3.plant n.植物 4.subject n.主题
5.scientific adj.科学的 6.research n.研究 7.recent adj.最近 8.studies n.研究
9.find found v.发现 10.positive adj.积极的 11.effect n.作用 12.study n.研究
13.conduct v.实施 14.discover v.发现 15.green adj.绿色的 16.area n.地区
17.city n.城市 18.experience v.经历，体验 19.less adj.更少的 20.crime n.犯罪
21.another adj.另一个 22.employee n.职员，员工 23.show v.展示 24.productive adj.高产的，高效率的
25.workplace n.工作场所 26.decorate v.装饰 27.houseplant n.室内植物
Para 2
28.engineer n.工程师 29.the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 麻省理工大学
30.take a step further 更进一步 31.change v.改变 32.actual adj. 事实上
position n.构成 34.plant n.植物 35.in order to 为了 36.perform v.施行，履行
37.diverse adj.多样的 38.even 甚至 39.unusual adj.不寻常的 40.function n.功能
41.include v.包含 42.plant n.植物 43.sensor n.传感器 44.print v.打印
45.onto 在…表面上 46.leaves n.树叶 47.be short of 缺乏 48.detect v.发现，查出
49.harmful adj.有害的 50.chemical adj.化学的 51.groundwater n.地下水 52.think about 考虑
53.engineer n.工程师 54.replace v.替换 55.function n.功能 56.explain v.解释
57.professor n.教授 58.chemical adj.化学的 59.engineering n.工程
Para 3
60.latest adj.最近的 61.project n.工程 62.plant n.植物 63.experiment n.实验
mon adj.常见的 65.vegetable n.植物 66.team n.队伍 67.find found v.发现
68.create v.创造 69.faint adj.微弱的 70.light n.光 71.hour n.小时
72.light n.光 73.amount n.数量 74.start n.开始 75.technology n.技术
76.be used to do sth被用来做某事 77.light v.照亮 78.room n.房间 79.even 甚至
80.turn A into B 把A变成B 81.tree n.树 82.self powered adj.自供电的 83.street n.街道
84.lamp n.台灯
Para 4
85.in the future 在未来 86.team n.队伍 87.hope v.希望 88.develop v.发展
89.version n.版本 90.technology n.技术 91.spray v.喷洒 92.onto 在…表面上
93.plant n.植物 94.leaves n.树叶 95.one- off 一次性的 96.treatment n.处置，对待，治疗
97.last v.持续 98.plant n.植物 99.lifetime n.寿命 100.engineer n.工程师
101.try to do sth 努力做某事 102.develop v.发展 103.on 打开 104.off 关闭
105.switch n.开关 106.glow n.光 107.fade v.减弱 108.expose v.暴露
109.daylight n.日光
Para 5
110.lighting n.照明 111.account for 占据 112.total adj.总共的 113.electricity n.电
114.consume v.消耗 115.since 因为 116.far from 远离 117.remove v.移开
118.power n.电 119.source n.来源 120.such as 例如 121.distance n.距离
122.a power plant 发电厂 123.from A to B 从A到B 124.street n.街道 125.lamp n.台灯
126.remote adj.偏远的 127.highway n.高速公路 128.a lot of 大量的 129.energy n.能量
130.lose lost v.损失，丢失 131.during 在…期间 132.glowing adj.发光的 133.plant n.植物
134.distance n.距离 135.therefore 因此 136.help do sth 帮助做某事 137.save v.节约，挽救
138.energy n.能量
题目
139.paragraph n.段落 140.mainly adv.主要地 141.about 关于 142.study n.研究
143.different adj.不同的 144.plant n.植物 145.fall n.下降 146.crime n.犯罪
147.rate n.比率 148.employee n.职员 149.various adj.各种各样的 150.workplace n.工作场所
151.benefit n.利益，好处 152.green adj.绿色的 153.plant n.植物 154.function n.功能
155.sensor n.传感器 156.print v.打印 157.leaves n.树叶 158.engineer n.工程师
159.detect v.查出 160.lack of 缺乏 161.change v.改变 162.composition n.构成
163.make v.使 164.life n.生命 165.longer adj.更长的 166.test v.测试
167.chemical adj.化学的 168.expect n/v.期待 169.glowing adj.发光的 170.in the future 未来
171.speed up 加速 172.energy n.能量 173.production n.生产 174.transmit v.传送
175.electricity n.电 176.reduce n/v.减少 177.energy n.能量 178.consumption n.消耗
179.take the place of 替代 180.power plant 发电厂 181.title n.标题 182.text n.文章
183.grow v.种植 184.glowing plant 发光植物 185.live v.生活，居住 186.replace v.代替
187.lamp n.台灯 188.pollution-free adj.无污染的
一.重点句子
1. These include plants have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.
考点：
名词短语结构：
译：
2. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one- off treatment would last the plant's lifetime.
考点：
名词短语结构：
译：
二.仿写
1.我们学校有丰富多彩的课外活动，这些活动对我们有益。
2.我们的老师们鼓励我们暑假期间参加一些社会实践活动，他们认为这有助于我们得到全面发展。
3.和你的同班同学和校友交流很有必要，这使你交更多的朋友。
三.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的外国好友Eric将作为交换生到你市的一所高中学习。因担心自己不能快速适应这里的学校生活，特写信向你求助，请就此给他写封回信。要点如下：
1.乐意提供帮助；
2.提出具体建议;
3.希望能够帮到对方。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
词块：
1.an exchange student 交换生
2.after-class activities 课外活动
3.the school’s rules 校规
4.make progress 取得进步
5.adjust oneself to 适应
6.get oneself involved in 融入
7.take an active part in / participate in 积极参加
8.spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
9.be absorbed/buried/occupied in 全神贯注于…
10.have a good command/knowledge of 精通…
句型：
1.I feel delighted to learn that +句子. 我很高兴知道…
2.I recommend that you do sth. 我推荐你做某事。
3.It is quite necessary for you to do sth. 对于你来说，做某事是非常必要的。
4.Doing sth can be of great help. 做某事帮助很大。
5.By doing this, not only can you do sth, but also you can do sth.
通过这样做，你不仅可以做某事，也可以做某事。
6.I’d like to give you some advice. 我想要给你一些建议。
7.Looking forward to your coming.期待你的到来。
内容提示：
1.我很高兴知道你要来我们城市当交换生。
2.关于怎样快速适应这里新学校的生活，我想要给你一些建议。
3.首先，我推荐你通过阅读手册来学习学校规矩。
4.此外，和你的同班同学和校友交流很有必要，这使你交更多的朋友。
5.更重要的是，参与课外活动帮助很大。
6.通过这样做，你不仅仅可以改善你自己，你也能够快速地融入团队。
7.我希望你觉得这些建议实用。
8.期待你的到来。
Dear Eric,
Yours sincerely,
Li hua
答案
一.译文
人与植物的关系一直是科学研究的课题。最近的研究发现了积极的效果。例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。另一项研究显示，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率提高了15%。
麻省理工学院(MIT)的工程师们更进一步-改变植物的实际成分，让它们发挥不同寻常的功能。其中包括在叶子上印上传感器以显示缺水情况的植物，以及可以检测地下水中有害化学物质的植物。麻省理工学院化学工程教授迈克尔·斯特拉诺(Michael Strano)解释说：“我们正在考虑如何设计植物，以取代我们日常使用的东西的功能。”
他最近的一个项目是用一些普通的蔬菜让植物发光。斯特拉诺的团队发现，他们可以在三个半小时内创造出微弱的光线。光是阅读所需量的千分之一，这只是一个开始。斯特拉诺说，这项技术有一天可以用来点亮房间，甚至把树木变成自动供电的路灯。
未来，该团队希望开发出一种可以一次性喷洒到植物叶子上的技术，使植物的寿命持续。工程师们还在尝试开发一种开关，当暴露在日光下时，它的光能会减弱。
照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源——例如从发电厂到偏远公路上路灯的距离——在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。
1. 第一段的主要内容是什么
A.对不同植物的一项新研究。 B.犯罪率大幅度下降。
C.来自不同工作场所的员工。 D.绿色植物的好处。
2. 麻省理工学院的工程师们印在树叶上的传感器有什么作用
A.检测植物缺水情况。 B.改变植物的成分。
C .使植物的寿命更长。 D.检测植物里的化学物质。
3.我们对这些发光植物的未来有什么期待呢
A.他们将加快能源生产。 B.它们可以把电传送到家里。
C.他们可能有助于减少能源消耗。 D.他们可以代替发电厂。
4.以下哪一个最适合作为文章的标题
A.我们可以种植更多的发光植物吗 B.我们如何与发光的植物生活在一起
C.发光的植物能取代灯吗 D.如何使发光的植物无污染
二.答案与解析
1. D 主旨大意题。A项，“对不同植物的一项新研究”。文章第一段未提及。故A项错误。B项，“犯罪率大幅下降”。文章第一段未提及。故B项错误。C项，“来自不同工作场所的员工”。文章第一段未提及。故C项错误。D项，“绿色植物的好处”。根据文章第一段第二句到第四句 Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.可知，最近的研究发现了积极的效果。例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，用室内植物装饰工作场所的员工的工作效率提高了15%。故文章第一段主要讲绿色植物的好处。故D项正确。 故正确答案为D。
2. A 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息sensors 可定位至文章第二段第二句These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.，由此可知，这些植物包括在叶子上印上传感器来显示缺水情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。故麻省理工学院的工程师们印在树叶上的传感器可以检测植物缺水的情况。故正确答案为A。
3. C 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息 expect和 glowing plants 可定位至文章最后一段第二、三句 Since lighting is often far removed from the power source — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway —a lot of energy is lost during transmission. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 由此可知，由于照明通常远离电源——例如从发电厂到偏远公路上路灯的距离——在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。故我们可以期待这些发光植物在未来能有助于减少能源消耗。故正确答案为C。
4. C 主旨大意题。A项，“我们能种植更多发光植物吗”。文中未提及。故A项错误。
B项，“我们如何与发光植物生活在一起”。文中未提及。故B项错误。C项，“发光植物能取代灯吗”。根据文章第三段第一句 One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow in experiments usingvegetables.和最后一句The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.可知，MichaelStrano最近的一个项目是在实验中用蔬菜让植物发光。这项技术有一天可以用来点亮房间，甚至把树木变成自动供电的路灯。故文章主要讲述让发光植物能取代灯的技术。故以“发光植物能取代灯吗”为题最恰当。故C项正确。D项，“如何让发光植物无污染”。文中未提及。故D项错误。故正确答案为C。
单词梳理
Para 1
1.connection 2.between 3.plant 4.subject
5.scientific 6.research 7.recent 8.studies
9.find found 10.positive 11.effect 12.study
13.conduct 14.discover 15.green 16.area
17.city 18.experience 19.less 20.crime
21.another 22.employee 23.show 24.productive
25.workplace 26.decorate 27.houseplant
Para 2
28.engineer 29.the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
30.take a step further 31.change 32.actual
position 34.plant 35.in order to 36.perform
37.diverse 38.even 39.unusual 40.function
41.include 42.plant 43.sensor 44.print
45.onto 46.leaves 47.be short of 48.detect
49.harmful 50.chemical 51.groundwater 52.think about
53.engineer 54.replace 55.function 56.explain
57.professor 58.chemical 59.engineering
Para 3
60.latest 61.project 62.plant 63.experiment
mon 65.vegetable 66.team 67.find found
68.create 69.faint 70.light 71.hour
72.light 73.amount 74.start 75.technology
76.be used to do sth 事 77.light 78.room 79.even
80.turn A into B 81.tree 82.self powered 的 83.street
84.lamp
Para 4
85.in the future 86.team 87.hope 88.develop
89.version 90.technology 91.spray 92.onto
93.plant 94.leaves 95.one- off 96.treatment
97.last 98.plant 99.lifetime 100.engineer
101.try to do sth 102.develop 103.on 104.off
105.switch 106.glow 107.fade 108.expose
109.daylight
Para 5
110.lighting 111.account for 112.total 113.electricity
114.consume 115.since 116.far from 117.remove
118.power 119.source 120.such as 121.distance
122.a power plant 123.from A to B 124.street 125.lamp
126.remote 127.highway 128.a lot of 129.energy
130.lose lost 131.during 132.glowing 133.plant
134.distance 135.therefore 136.help do sth 事 137.save
138.energy
题目
139.paragraph 140.mainly 141.about 142.study
143.different 144.plant 145.fall 146.crime
147.rate 148.employee 149.various 各样的 150.workplace
151.benefit 152.green 153.plant 154.function
155.sensor 156.print 157.leaves 158.engineer
159.detect 160.lack of 161.change 162.composition
163.make 164.life 165.longer 166.test
167.chemical 168.expect 169.glowing 170.in the future
171.speed up 172.energy 173.production 174.transmit
175.electricity 176.reduce 177.energy 178.consumption
179.take the place of 180.power plant 181.title 182.text
183.grow 184.glowing plant 185.live 186.replace
187.lamp 188.pollution-free 的
作文范文
Dear Eric,
I feel delighted to learn that you are coming to study in our city as an exchange student. As for how to adjust yourself to the new school life here quickly, I’d like to give you some advice.
First, I recommend that you learn the school’s rules by reading its handbook first. Besides, it’s quite necessary to communicate with your classmates and schoolmates, which enables you to make more new friends. What’s more, participating in after-class activities can be of great help too! By doing this, not only can you improve yourself, but also you can get yourself involved in the group quickly. I hope you will find the suggestions practical.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
8
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.
Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further — changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day.”explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one- thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one- off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. A new study of different plants.
B.A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
2. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A. To detect plants' lack of water.
B.To change compositions of plants.
C.To make the life of plants longer.
D.To test chemicals in plants.
3. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A.They will speed up energy production.
B.They may transmit electricity to the home.
C.They might help reduce energy consumption.
D. They could take the place of power plants.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Can we grow more glowing plants
B.How do we live with glowing plants
C.Could glowing plants replace lamps
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free
单词梳理
Para 1
1.connection n.联系 2.between 两者之间 3.plant n.植物 4.subject n.主题
5.scientific adj.科学的 6.research n.研究 7.recent adj.最近 8.studies n.研究
9.find found v.发现 10.positive adj.积极的 11.effect n.作用 12.study n.研究
13.conduct v.实施 14.discover v.发现 15.green adj.绿色的 16.area n.地区
17.city n.城市 18.experience v.经历，体验 19.less adj.更少的 20.crime n.犯罪
21.another adj.另一个 22.employee n.职员，员工 23.show v.展示 24.productive adj.高产的，高效率的
25.workplace n.工作场所 26.decorate v.装饰 27.houseplant n.室内植物
Para 2
28.engineer n.工程师 29.the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 麻省理工大学
30.take a step further 更进一步 31.change v.改变 32.actual adj. 事实上
position n.构成 34.plant n.植物 35.in order to 为了 36.perform v.施行，履行
37.diverse adj.多样的 38.even 甚至 39.unusual adj.不寻常的 40.function n.功能
41.include v.包含 42.plant n.植物 43.sensor n.传感器 44.print v.打印
45.onto 在…表面上 46.leaves n.树叶 47.be short of 缺乏 48.detect v.发现，查出
49.harmful adj.有害的 50.chemical adj.化学的 51.groundwater n.地下水 52.think about 考虑
53.engineer n.工程师 54.replace v.替换 55.function n.功能 56.explain v.解释
57.professor n.教授 58.chemical adj.化学的 59.engineering n.工程
Para 3
60.latest adj.最近的 61.project n.工程 62.plant n.植物 63.experiment n.实验
mon adj.常见的 65.vegetable n.植物 66.team n.队伍 67.find found v.发现
68.create v.创造 69.faint adj.微弱的 70.light n.光 71.hour n.小时
72.light n.光 73.amount n.数量 74.start n.开始 75.technology n.技术
76.be used to do sth被用来做某事 77.light v.照亮 78.room n.房间 79.even 甚至
80.turn A into B 把A变成B 81.tree n.树 82.self powered adj.自供电的 83.street n.街道
84.lamp n.台灯
Para 4
85.in the future 在未来 86.team n.队伍 87.hope v.希望 88.develop v.发展
89.version n.版本 90.technology n.技术 91.spray v.喷洒 92.onto 在…表面上
93.plant n.植物 94.leaves n.树叶 95.one- off 一次性的 96.treatment n.处置，对待，治疗
97.last v.持续 98.plant n.植物 99.lifetime n.寿命 100.engineer n.工程师
101.try to do sth 努力做某事 102.develop v.发展 103.on 打开 104.off 关闭
105.switch n.开关 106.glow n.光 107.fade v.减弱 108.expose v.暴露
109.daylight n.日光
Para 5
110.lighting n.照明 111.account for 占据 112.total adj.总共的 113.electricity n.电
114.consume v.消耗 115.since 因为 116.far from 远离 117.remove v.移开
118.power n.电 119.source n.来源 120.such as 例如 121.distance n.距离
122.a power plant 发电厂 123.from A to B 从A到B 124.street n.街道 125.lamp n.台灯
126.remote adj.偏远的 127.highway n.高速公路 128.a lot of 大量的 129.energy n.能量
130.lose lost v.损失，丢失 131.during 在…期间 132.glowing adj.发光的 133.plant n.植物
134.distance n.距离 135.therefore 因此 136.help do sth 帮助做某事 137.save v.节约，挽救
138.energy n.能量
题目
139.paragraph n.段落 140.mainly adv.主要地 141.about 关于 142.study n.研究
143.different adj.不同的 144.plant n.植物 145.fall n.下降 146.crime n.犯罪
147.rate n.比率 148.employee n.职员 149.various adj.各种各样的 150.workplace n.工作场所
151.benefit n.利益，好处 152.green adj.绿色的 153.plant n.植物 154.function n.功能
155.sensor n.传感器 156.print v.打印 157.leaves n.树叶 158.engineer n.工程师
159.detect v.查出 160.lack of 缺乏 161.change v.改变 162.composition n.构成
163.make v.使 164.life n.生命 165.longer adj.更长的 166.test v.测试
167.chemical adj.化学的 168.expect n/v.期待 169.glowing adj.发光的 170.in the future 未来
171.speed up 加速 172.energy n.能量 173.production n.生产 174.transmit v.传送
175.electricity n.电 176.reduce n/v.减少 177.energy n.能量 178.consumption n.消耗
179.take the place of 替代 180.power plant 发电厂 181.title n.标题 182.text n.文章
183.grow v.种植 184.glowing plant 发光植物 185.live v.生活，居住 186.replace v.代替
187.lamp n.台灯 188.pollution-free adj.无污染的
一.重点句子
1. These include plants have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.
考点：
名词短语结构：
译：
2. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one- off treatment would last the plant's lifetime.
考点：
名词短语结构：
译：
二.仿写
1.我们学校有丰富多彩的课外活动，这些活动对我们有益。
2.我们的老师们鼓励我们暑假期间参加一些社会实践活动，他们认为这有助于我们得到全面发展。
3.和你的同班同学和校友交流很有必要，这使你交更多的朋友。
三.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的外国好友Eric将作为交换生到你市的一所高中学习。因担心自己不能快速适应这里的学校生活，特写信向你求助，请就此给他写封回信。要点如下：
1.乐意提供帮助；
2.提出具体建议;
3.希望能够帮到对方。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
词块：
1.an exchange student 交换生
2.after-class activities 课外活动
3.the school’s rules 校规
4.make progress 取得进步
5.adjust oneself to 适应
6.get oneself involved in 融入
7.take an active part in / participate in 积极参加
8.spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
9.be absorbed/buried/occupied in 全神贯注于…
10.have a good command/knowledge of 精通…
句型：
1.I feel delighted to learn that +句子. 我很高兴知道…
2.I recommend that you do sth. 我推荐你做某事。
3.It is quite necessary for you to do sth. 对于你来说，做某事是非常必要的。
4.Doing sth can be of great help. 做某事帮助很大。
5.By doing this, not only can you do sth, but also you can do sth.
通过这样做，你不仅可以做某事，也可以做某事。
6.I’d like to give you some advice. 我想要给你一些建议。
7.Looking forward to your coming.期待你的到来。
内容提示：
1.我很高兴知道你要来我们城市当交换生。
2.关于怎样快速适应这里新学校的生活，我想要给你一些建议。
3.首先，我推荐你通过阅读手册来学习学校规矩。
4.此外，和你的同班同学和校友交流很有必要，这使你交更多的朋友。
5.更重要的是，参与课外活动帮助很大。
6.通过这样做，你不仅仅可以改善你自己，你也能够快速地融入团队。
7.我希望你觉得这些建议实用。
8.期待你的到来。
Dear Eric,
Yours sincerely,
Li hua
答案
一.译文
人与植物的关系一直是科学研究的课题。最近的研究发现了积极的效果。例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。另一项研究显示，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率提高了15%。
麻省理工学院(MIT)的工程师们更进一步-改变植物的实际成分，让它们发挥不同寻常的功能。其中包括在叶子上印上传感器以显示缺水情况的植物，以及可以检测地下水中有害化学物质的植物。麻省理工学院化学工程教授迈克尔·斯特拉诺(Michael Strano)解释说：“我们正在考虑如何设计植物，以取代我们日常使用的东西的功能。”
他最近的一个项目是用一些普通的蔬菜让植物发光。斯特拉诺的团队发现，他们可以在三个半小时内创造出微弱的光线。光是阅读所需量的千分之一，这只是一个开始。斯特拉诺说，这项技术有一天可以用来点亮房间，甚至把树木变成自动供电的路灯。
未来，该团队希望开发出一种可以一次性喷洒到植物叶子上的技术，使植物的寿命持续。工程师们还在尝试开发一种开关，当暴露在日光下时，它的光能会减弱。
照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源——例如从发电厂到偏远公路上路灯的距离——在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。
1. 第一段的主要内容是什么
A.对不同植物的一项新研究。 B.犯罪率大幅度下降。
C.来自不同工作场所的员工。 D.绿色植物的好处。
2. 麻省理工学院的工程师们印在树叶上的传感器有什么作用
A.检测植物缺水情况。 B.改变植物的成分。
C .使植物的寿命更长。 D.检测植物里的化学物质。
3.我们对这些发光植物的未来有什么期待呢
A.他们将加快能源生产。 B.它们可以把电传送到家里。
C.他们可能有助于减少能源消耗。 D.他们可以代替发电厂。
4.以下哪一个最适合作为文章的标题
A.我们可以种植更多的发光植物吗 B.我们如何与发光的植物生活在一起
C.发光的植物能取代灯吗 D.如何使发光的植物无污染
二.答案与解析
1. D 主旨大意题。A项，“对不同植物的一项新研究”。文章第一段未提及。故A项错误。B项，“犯罪率大幅下降”。文章第一段未提及。故B项错误。C项，“来自不同工作场所的员工”。文章第一段未提及。故C项错误。D项，“绿色植物的好处”。根据文章第一段第二句到第四句 Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.可知，最近的研究发现了积极的效果。例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，用室内植物装饰工作场所的员工的工作效率提高了15%。故文章第一段主要讲绿色植物的好处。故D项正确。 故正确答案为D。
2. A 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息sensors 可定位至文章第二段第二句These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.，由此可知，这些植物包括在叶子上印上传感器来显示缺水情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。故麻省理工学院的工程师们印在树叶上的传感器可以检测植物缺水的情况。故正确答案为A。
3. C 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息 expect和 glowing plants 可定位至文章最后一段第二、三句 Since lighting is often far removed from the power source — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway —a lot of energy is lost during transmission. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 由此可知，由于照明通常远离电源——例如从发电厂到偏远公路上路灯的距离——在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。故我们可以期待这些发光植物在未来能有助于减少能源消耗。故正确答案为C。
4. C 主旨大意题。A项，“我们能种植更多发光植物吗”。文中未提及。故A项错误。
B项，“我们如何与发光植物生活在一起”。文中未提及。故B项错误。C项，“发光植物能取代灯吗”。根据文章第三段第一句 One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow in experiments usingvegetables.和最后一句The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.可知，MichaelStrano最近的一个项目是在实验中用蔬菜让植物发光。这项技术有一天可以用来点亮房间，甚至把树木变成自动供电的路灯。故文章主要讲述让发光植物能取代灯的技术。故以“发光植物能取代灯吗”为题最恰当。故C项正确。D项，“如何让发光植物无污染”。文中未提及。故D项错误。故正确答案为C。
单词梳理
Para 1
1.connection 2.between 3.plant 4.subject
5.scientific 6.research 7.recent 8.studies
9.find found 10.positive 11.effect 12.study
13.conduct 14.discover 15.green 16.area
17.city 18.experience 19.less 20.crime
21.another 22.employee 23.show 24.productive
25.workplace 26.decorate 27.houseplant
Para 2
28.engineer 29.the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
30.take a step further 31.change 32.actual
position 34.plant 35.in order to 36.perform
37.diverse 38.even 39.unusual 40.function
41.include 42.plant 43.sensor 44.print
45.onto 46.leaves 47.be short of 48.detect
49.harmful 50.chemical 51.groundwater 52.think about
53.engineer 54.replace 55.function 56.explain
57.professor 58.chemical 59.engineering
Para 3
60.latest 61.project 62.plant 63.experiment
mon 65.vegetable 66.team 67.find found
68.create 69.faint 70.light 71.hour
72.light 73.amount 74.start 75.technology
76.be used to do sth 事 77.light 78.room 79.even
80.turn A into B 81.tree 82.self powered 的 83.street
84.lamp
Para 4
85.in the future 86.team 87.hope 88.develop
89.version 90.technology 91.spray 92.onto
93.plant 94.leaves 95.one- off 96.treatment
97.last 98.plant 99.lifetime 100.engineer
101.try to do sth 102.develop 103.on 104.off
105.switch 106.glow 107.fade 108.expose
109.daylight
Para 5
110.lighting 111.account for 112.total 113.electricity
114.consume 115.since 116.far from 117.remove
118.power 119.source 120.such as 121.distance
122.a power plant 123.from A to B 124.street 125.lamp
126.remote 127.highway 128.a lot of 129.energy
130.lose lost 131.during 132.glowing 133.plant
134.distance 135.therefore 136.help do sth 事 137.save
138.energy
题目
139.paragraph 140.mainly 141.about 142.study
143.different 144.plant 145.fall 146.crime
147.rate 148.employee 149.various 各样的 150.workplace
151.benefit 152.green 153.plant 154.function
155.sensor 156.print 157.leaves 158.engineer
159.detect 160.lack of 161.change 162.composition
163.make 164.life 165.longer 166.test
167.chemical 168.expect 169.glowing 170.in the future
171.speed up 172.energy 173.production 174.transmit
175.electricity 176.reduce 177.energy 178.consumption
179.take the place of 180.power plant 181.title 182.text
183.grow 184.glowing plant 185.live 186.replace
187.lamp 188.pollution-free 的
作文范文
Dear Eric,
I feel delighted to learn that you are coming to study in our city as an exchange student. As for how to adjust yourself to the new school life here quickly, I’d like to give you some advice.
First, I recommend that you learn the school’s rules by reading its handbook first. Besides, it’s quite necessary to communicate with your classmates and schoolmates, which enables you to make more new friends. What’s more, participating in after-class activities can be of great help too! By doing this, not only can you improve yourself, but also you can get yourself involved in the group quickly. I hope you will find the suggestions practical.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
8