(共31张PPT)
构词法
Word-formation
Word-formation
合成法
派生法
转化法
newspaper
blackboard
homesick
pineapple
观察下面单词,看一看他们有什么特点?
由两个或更多的词合成一个词,有的用连词符号“-”连接,有的直接连写在一起。
Compounding(合成法)
从右栏中找出适当的词与左栏搭配构成合成词.
suit
new
first
trouble
best
baby
over
empty
case
seller
class
born
handed
eat
sit
free
suitcae 行李箱
bestseller 畅销书
firstclass 一流的
newborn 新生儿
overeat 吃得过多
babysit 临时照顾
troublefree无故障的
empty-handed空手而归
1. my teacher asked me to write a passage about____in English.
—You can write______passage in English.
A.600 words;a 600-words B.600-word;a 600-words
C.600 words;a 600-word D.600 words;a 600-words
2.Canada is mainly an________country.
A.English-speaking B.speak-English
C.spoken-English D.English-spoken
(1)由“可数名词+介词(短语)”构成的复合名词变复数时,把前面的名词变复数。*sister in law→sisters in law*passer by→passers by*looker on→lookers on
(2)由man和woman构成的合成名词变复数时,两个名词都要变成复数。*a woman teacher→women teachers*a man doctor→men doctors
uncomfortable
un-
comfort
前缀
词根
-able
后缀
Derivation(派生法)
派生法,即在词根上加如前缀或后缀,从而构成新词,词根是单词的组基本部分,前缀和后缀有一定的含义或功能,有助于推测新词词义。
否定前缀
un- unfriendly
不公平的
不拥挤的
不可思议的,难以置信的
不同寻常的
不幸运的
unfair
uncrowded
unbelievable
unusual
unlucky/unfortunately
否定前缀
in- incorrect
非正式的
不昂贵的
不方便的 inconvenient
informal
inexpensive
否定前缀
im- impossible
不礼貌的
不合适的
没有耐心的
impolite
improper
impatient
否定前缀
dis- disagree
劣势,不利条件
不诚实的
消失
disadvantage
dishonest
disappear
名词后缀
-or/er 从事某种职业的人
演员
参观者
导演
歌手
赛跑者
司机
工人
actor
visitor
director
singer
runner
driver
worker
-ist 人
艺术家
科学家
游客
恐怖分子
artist
scientist
tourist
terroist
名词后缀
-tion 表示动作、状态
邀请
吸引
人口
发音
invitation
attraction
population
pronunciation
思考:你还知道其他常见的名词后缀吗?
---ment ---ity ---ness ---ship
---tude ---ure ---ology ...
enjoyment ability happiness friendship attitude adventure psychology
形容词后缀
-ful
成功的
美丽的
多彩的
极好的
successful
beautiful
colorful
wonderful
形容词后缀
-y
有趣的
健康的
多云的
有风的
funny
healthy
cloudy
windy
形容词后缀
-ing
令人无聊的
有趣的
令人兴奋的
杰出的
boring
interesting
exciting
outstanding
-ed
惊讶的
平衡的
放松的
有天赋的
形容词后缀
-able 能够
舒服的
令人难忘的
comfortable
unforgettable
形容词后缀
-less 没有、无
无家可归的
无助的
粗心的
homeless
helpless
careless
形容词后缀
-ly
友好的
friendly
lovely, likely, deadly, lively, lonely, orderly, daily, manly, weekly...
副词后缀
-ly
通常地
最终
可能地
真正地
usually
finally
possibly
really
When she saw the heavy rain, she said “It’s raining heavily”.
She covered her head with her schoolbag and headed home.
名词
动词
名词
动词
Conversion(转化法)
即一个单词由一种词性转变为另一种或几种词性,词形不变。转换后的词义通常可以通过原词义推断出来。
1.动词转化为名词
(1)They were talking with each other.
I think we’d better finish the talk now.
(2)He looked aside when I spoke to him.
Let’s have a look first.
(3)Have you booked the ticket?
What’s the name of the book?
v. 谈话
n. 谈话
v. 看
n. 看
v. 预定
n. 书
2.名词转化为动词
(1) Put your hand up if you know the answer.
please hand the letter to me .
(2)The sick children are well taken care of by the doctors and nurses.
She nursed her husband back to health.
(3)They begin breakfast at seven.
We breakfasted together.
n. 手
v. 递给
v. 照料,护理
n. 护士
n. 早餐
v. 吃早餐
He is a better man than his father.
We will try our best to better our living conditions.
3.形容词转化为动词
adj. 更好的
v. 改善
Last Friday, Amy was present at John’s birthday party. When she presented him with a present, John was very happy.
拼写
音型对接法(音标)、词根词缀法、
特殊记忆法(联想、谐音)
词意
死记硬背法、代入句子法(语境)、
特殊记忆法(联想、谐音)
常用方法
个国际音标
48
20
28
See You~