高考英语语法词汇专项突破：08非谓语动词短文填空专练(No.1-4)+答案卡（原卷板）
（素材来源：高考真题、教材原文、知名网站、权威考题等）
姓名：__________ 班级: _________ 限时：45分钟 得分：____________
第一组：（No.1-4）
NO.1
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____1____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy ___2___ (carry) home or you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way that will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy ___3___ (buy) larger quantities, that’s what they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and ___4____ (disappoint).
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the criticism that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice ___5___ (get) a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____6____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want ___7____ (eat) them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then ___8____ (buy) smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ____9____ (design) with two halves ___10____ (contain) separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section,the other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ones may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. (244 words) (改编自【2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）】)
No.2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a ___1___(question) look. Behind it, the person is trying __2___ (figure) out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo feel more comfortable and confident ___3___ (speak) English. And who do they speak English with
Not the pandas, even though the language ___4___(use) for the medical ___5____ (train) instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ____6____ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready ___7___ (give) interviews in English with international journalists. This is why they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning Basically, how ___8____ （describe）a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop and ___9_____(see) the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I wished to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by ___10____ (help) the panda keepers do their job in English. (207 words) (改编自【2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标全国Ⅱ卷（第二节）】)
No. 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___1___ (teach) a lesson or ___2____(pass) on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the sixth century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, as Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed___3___ (enjoy) peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___4___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message __5___ (intend) for everyone.
Different from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers ___6___ (face) society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility for __7____ (save) their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___8___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has passed down through the ages can still ____9____ (employ) today ____10____ (draw) attention to important truths. (219 words) (改编自【普通高等学校招生全国统一考试2023年全国甲卷】 第二节)
No 4:
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Many years ago, a young foreigner ____1_____( call) Marco polo traveled a1l the way from Italy to China. From then on a window to the east has been opened for Westerners. Two kinds of gold coins once _____2______( make) by Europeans showed their respects to the great explorer.
Marco Polo was ____3______( bear) in 1254. He lived in Venice, a rich city in Italy. Marco's father and uncle were merchants. They had traveled to the east. So when Marco was young, he enjoyed ______4______ (listen) to the stories about the places ____5______ ( visit ) by his father. His father decided ____6_____ ( take) him on a trip. When Marco Polo was just 17, he left his country for China. They were among the first ____7____ (go) along the silk road. They had a lot of trouble in _____8______ ( explore). So it was a hard trip for Marco Polo, but he was very brave. After about four years, Marco met Kublai Khan (忽必烈汗) who gave him a job. Marco spent 17 years ______9______ (work) for him.
He visited most parts of China. He learned lots of ___10____ (interest) interesting things about Chinese life. When he returned home, he let others know about things like coal and paper money. He wrote about his trip in a famous book. (223words)
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：08-1非谓语动词短文填空专练(No.1-4)+答案卡
姓名：__________ 班级: _________ 限时：45分钟 得分：____________
第一组：No.1-4 （满分100分，每题2.5分，限时45分钟）
No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9
10 10 10 10高考英语语法词汇专项突破：08非谓语动词短文填空专练(No.1-4)+答案与解析（解析版）
（素材来源：改编自高考真题、教材原文、知名网站、权威考题等）
NO.1
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____1____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy ___2___ (carry) home or you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way that will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy ___3___ (buy) larger quantities, that’s what they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and ___4____ (disappoint).
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the criticism that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice ___5___ (get) a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____6____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want ___7____ (eat) them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then ___8____ (buy) smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ____9____ (design) with two halves ___10____ (contain) separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section,the other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ones may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. (244 words) (改编自【2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）】)
【答案】
1. to benefit 2. to carry 3. to buy 4. disappointed 5. to get
6. be offered 7. to eat 8. buying/to buy 9. designed 10. containing
【语篇导读】
这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。
【答案与解析】
1. to benefit。考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用不定式to do作目的状语。故填to benefit。句意是：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价对你而言就是没有意义的。
2. to carry。考查动词不定式特定句型。根据前面的副词 too，结合句意看出是too..to...句型，表示“太......不能......”，主动形式表示被动意义。根据形容词heavy确定不定式要用主动形式表示被动意义。故填to carry。句意是：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜呢，就不能用了。
3. to buy。考查动词不定式作状语。根据形容词happy确定用动词不定式作状语，一般表示情感情绪的的形容词跟不定式作原因状语，如be sorry to do sth等。句意是：如果他们的大多数客户都乐于大量购买，那他们就会推广这种产品。
4. disappointed。考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。根据使役动词leave和并列连词and看出是与out of pocket并列的宾语补足语，根据与customers之间的动宾关系确定用表示被动意义的过去分词。故填disappointed。句意是：但这样一来，那些独身的顾客就得赔钱，而且会让他们失望。
5. to get。考查动词不定式在特定句型中的运用。分析句子的结构看出是it be +adj+to do...结构，句型中的it是形式主语，真正的主语时后面的动词不定式。故填to get。句意是：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。
6. be offered。考查不带to的动词不定式及其语态。分析句子之后看出在情态动词would后的动词用动词原形，也就是不带to的动词不定式。此处的代词they指代 sausages，与动词offer之间是动宾关系，所用被动语态。故填be offered。句意同上。
7. to eat。考查不定式作宾语。有些及物动词跟不定式作宾语，不用其他形式。此处的want跟不定式作宾语表示“想要做......”。故填to eat。注意：want doing=want to be done，此时的want的意思同need。句意是：即使是最喜欢吃香肠的人也不想每天都吃。
8. buying/to buy。 考查非谓语动词作主语。根据句子的结构的句意，作主语用名词、代词、或者相当于名词代词的词。所给的buy是动词，作主语则用其非谓语动词，即动名词或不定式，此处的语境最好是用动名词buying，但是不定式也可以。句意是：如果你的超市卖的是散装的农产品，那么买少量的就更容易了。
9. designed。考查过去分词作定语。分析句子的结构知道应该用非谓语动词形式，因为要是用谓语动词形式则会产生一个句子，这就需要连词连接，但是句子中并没有把其连接起来的连词。根据与被修饰词packs之间的动宾关系看出用表示被动意义的过去分词。故填designed。句意是：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，含有不同的份量。
10. containing。考查非谓语动词在特定结构的运用。根据介词with及其宾语two halves看出通用现在分词作宾语补足语，本句是“with+符合宾语”结构，two halves与contain是主动关系。故填containing。句意同上。
No.2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a ___1___(question) look. Behind it, the person is trying __2___ (figure) out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo feel more comfortable and confident ___3___ (speak) English. And who do they speak English with
Not the pandas, even though the language ___4___(use) for the medical ___5____ (train) instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ____6____ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready ___7___ (give) interviews in English with international journalists. This is why they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning Basically, how ___8____ （describe）a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop and ___9_____(see) the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I wished to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by ___10____ (help) the panda keepers do their job in English. (207 words) (改编自【2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标全国Ⅱ卷（第二节）】)
【答案】
1.question 2.to figure 3.speaking 4.used 5.training
6.visiting 7.to give 8.to describe 9.to see 10. helping
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在动物园教英语的经历和原因。
【答案与解析】
1.questioning。考查非谓语动词作定语。及物动词question的意思“询问，怀疑，对......提出异议”，其现在分词questioning作形容词，意思是“询问的，表示怀疑的”，根据Whenever ...almost always的提示看出是现在分词作形容词，故填questioning。表示“怀疑的表情” 。句意是：每当我告诉别人我在柏林动物园教英语时，我几乎总是得到一个质疑的眼神。
2.to figure。考查非谓语动词作动词宾语。 短语figure out此处意思是意思是“弄清楚”，另外还有“解决、算出、想出”的意思。根据behind it“在不解的表情背后”看出应该是“那个人就会极力要弄清楚我到底教的是谁，难道是动物”，用try to do sth表示“努力做某事”。句意是：在它的背后，这个人试图弄清楚我到底教了谁……动物
3.speaking。考查现在分词作状语。分析句子看出用非谓语动词，现在分词作状语，相当于When they speak English, they feel more comfortable and confident.。句意是：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇庆”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
4.used。考查非谓语动词作定语。根据后面的系动词is看出此处不该用谓语动词，结合句意看出是定语，use与被修饰词language是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填used。句意是：当然不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。
5.training。考查非谓语动词作定语。根据句意和名词instructions看出用动名词作定语，表示被修饰名词instruction的用途。故填training。句意同上。
6. visiting。考查现在分词作定语。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。句意是：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。
7.to give。 考查不定式作状语。根据形容词ready看出用不定式作状语，短语be ready to do sth.意思是“准备做某事”。句意是：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。
8.to describe。考查不定式特定结构。根据What are they learning中的what看出此处用相当于名词性的词来回答what，根据特殊疑问词how和所给动词看出是“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构。故填to describe。句意是：那么，他们学什么呢 基本上来说就是如何描述熊猫的生活。
9.to see。考查不定式作主语。分析句子看出结构是：It be +n+to do...,其中的it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，句子的并列连词and连接的是两个作主语的动词不定式。故填 to see。句意是：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。
10.helping。考查非谓语动词作介词宾语。介词跟动名词作宾语，通常不用动词不定式作宾语，by doing作方式状语，表示方式、手段。根据介词by看出用动名词helping。句意是：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。现在，我通过帮助熊猫饲养员用英语工作，间接地实现了这个梦想。
No. 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___1___ (teach) a lesson or ___2____(pass) on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the sixth century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, as Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed___3___ (enjoy) peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___4___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message __5___ (intend) for everyone.
Different from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers ___6___ (face) society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility for __7____ (save) their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___8___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has passed down through the ages can still ____9____ (employ) today ____10____ (draw) attention to important truths. (219 words) (改编自【普通高等学校招生全国统一考试2023年全国甲卷】 第二节)
【答案】
1.to teach 2.to pass 3.to enjoy 4.borrowing 5.intended
6.facing 7.saving 8.warning 9.be employed 10.to draw
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种用来传递智慧、引起人们对重要真理的关注的文学形式------寓言。
【答案与解析】
1.to teach。考查非谓语动词之动词不定式作目的状语。分析句子结构并根据句子的意思看出“讲寓言”的目的就是为了“传授知识或传递智慧”，所以是目的状语，再根据所给的动词确定用非谓语动词的不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。句意是：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传递智慧。
2.to pass。考查非谓语动词之动词不定式作目的状语。分析句子结构并根据前面的or可知，________(teach) a lesson和______ (pass) on wisdom是并列结构，所以空处也应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to pass。句意同上。
3.to enjoy。考查非谓语动词作表语。根据系动词seem看出后面跟表语，根据括号内的动词应该用所给动词的非谓语动词形式。再根据连系动词seem表示“似乎”“好像”，用不定式作表语。 故填to enjoy，句意是：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言从许多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的词语。
4.borrowing。考查非谓语动词作状语。分析句子结构可知句中已有谓语动词begins, 故空处应用非谓语动词形式。borrow与其逻辑主语her fable为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，表主动。故填borrowing
5.intended。考查非谓语动词作定语。分析句子结构可知句中已有谓语动词is, 所以空处应填非谓语动词形式。此句为倒装句， 空处与a serious message之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作后置定语, 故填intended。句意是：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是想要传达给每个人的严肃信息。
6.facing。考查非谓语动词作定语。所给动词后有宾语society，结合与被修饰词dangers之间的主谓关系确定用现在分词主动形式作定语。故填facing。句意是：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。 注意：此处的face是及物动词，意思是：(of a problem or difficult situation) present itself to and require action from(someone)(难题，困境)直逼(某人), 使直面(或正视)，如：If you were suddenly faced with an emergency, would you know how to cope 如果你突然面对紧急情况，你知道怎样对付吗
7. saving。考查非谓语动词之动名词作宾语。根据介词for和括号所给动词后面的名词确定用所给动词的动名词形式作宾语，不定式通常不作介词宾语。故填saving。句意同上。
8.warning。考查非谓语动词之动名词。根据空前的不定冠词a和形容词weighty以及空后的about可知，此处应填名词形式，动词warn的动名词就是名词形式。故填warning。句意是：并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。
9.be employed。考查谓语动词的语态。空处是谓语动词，employ和其主语a simple literary form之间是动宾关系，故句子应用被动语态；上文已有情态动词can, 助动词be应为原形, 故填be employed。句意是： 卡森证明了：已经流传了几个世纪的一种简单文字形式，今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。
10.to draw。考查不定式作宾语补足语。短语employ... to do的意思是“雇佣/用......做某事”。employ用法：
employ作动词的基本意思是利用闲散或闲置的人、物或时间，使其发挥有益的作用，常译为“雇用”“使用” “利用” “使忙于” “从事于”等。employ是及物动词，接名词或代词宾语，也可接以动词不定式或as短语充当补足语的复合宾语。employ常可接介词in, 表示“把时间花在…上”。employ用作动词的用法例句：They employ casual labor to pick the fruit他们雇佣临时工摘水果。You must employ someone to oversee the project.你得雇个人监督这一工程。
No 4:
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Many years ago, a young foreigner ____1_____( call) Marco polo traveled a1l the way from Italy to China. From then on a window to the east has been opened for Westerners. Two kinds of gold coins once _____2______( make) by Europeans showed their respects to the great explorer.
Marco Polo was ____3______( bear) in 1254. He lived in Venice, a rich city in Italy. Marco's father and uncle were merchants. They had traveled to the east. So when Marco was young, he enjoyed ______4______ (listen) to the stories about the places ____5______ ( visit ) by his father. His father decided ____6_____ ( take) him on a trip. When Marco Polo was just 17, he left his country for China. They were among the first ____7____ (go) along the silk road. They had a lot of trouble in _____8______ ( explore). So it was a hard trip for Marco Polo, but he was very brave. After about four years, Marco met Kublai Khan (忽必烈汗) who gave him a job. Marco spent 17 years ______9______ (work) for him.
He visited most parts of China. He learned lots of ___10____ (interest) interesting things about Chinese life. When he returned home, he let others know about things like coal and paper money. He wrote about his trip in a famous book. (223words)
【答案】
1.called 2.made 3.born 4.listening 5.visited
6.to take 7.to go 8.exploring 9.working 10.interesting
【参考答案与解析】
1.called。考查过去分词作定语。根据谓语动词traveled确定call用非谓语动词作定语，被修饰词 a young foreigner与 call之间是动宾关系，这里有个结构就是call. sb sth.，其中后面的Marco polo是宾语补足语。故用过去分词called。句意是：许多年前，一位名叫马可波罗的年轻外国人从意大利一路旅行到中国。
2.made。考查过去分词作定语。根据谓语动词showed确定用make的非谓语动词作定语，make与coin为被动关系，故用过去分词，相当于which was once made。过去分词made作定语修饰前面的coins。句意是：欧洲人曾经铸造的两种金币表达了他们对这位伟大探险家的敬意。
3.born。考查过去分词作表语。动词bear (bore-born/borne)的过去分词有两种形式，born和borne。短语be born in的意思是“出生于”，固定搭配。句意是：马可波罗出生于1254年。其实bear的两种过去分词形式的用法是不同的：borne用在主动语态中、后带有 by 短语的被动语态、用于“生育”之外的其他意义。表示“出生”，用 be born, 不用borne，也可用于比喻义。例句：
She has borne him three children. 她给他生了 3个孩子。
The five puppies were borne by a female dog.这五只小狗是一只母狗所生的。
The important task is borne on our shoulders. 这个重任落在我们的肩上。
She was born in Shanghai in 1998. 她是 1998年在上海出生的。
He was a born great singer /born to be a great singer. 他天生就是一个伟大的歌唱家。
另外还有个短语bear in mind=remember (记住：保持在脑海中；牢记；注意)，如：
Bear in mind that gas stations are scarce in the more remote areas.
记住，加油站在那些比较偏远的地区是很稀少的。
Please bear in mind that the price includes moving all the furniture, and the whole task would take 2 days.
请记住，这个价格包括搬运所有的家具，而且完成整个工作需要2天的时间。
4.listening。考查非谓语动词作宾语。及物动词enjoy跟动名词作宾语，enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事，所给动词listen用动名词listening。句意是：所以当马可还小的时候，他喜欢听他父亲去过的地方的故事。提示：需要记住那些跟非谓语动词作宾语只用动名词的及物动词，如finish, suggest, appreciate, miss, risk, avoid, pardon, insist on, give up, cant help等。
5.visited。考查非谓语动词作定语。places与visit为被动关系，用过去分词visited作后置定语修饰places。句意同上。
6.to take。考查非谓语动词作宾语。及物动词decide跟不定式作宾语，decide to do sth. 意思是“决定做某事”。句意是：他父亲决定带他去旅行。当马可波罗只有17岁的时候，他离开祖国去了中国。提示：要记住那些及物动词跟非谓语动词作宾语只用动词不定式的及物动词，如：hope, wish, agree, promise, decide, determine等。
7.to go。考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词是序数词first等用非谓语动词的不定式修饰。故填不定式to go。句意是：他们是最早沿着丝绸之路走的人之一。
8. exploring。考查非谓语动词作宾语及其特定句型中的非谓语动词结构。句型have trouble (in) doing sth.意思是“做某事有困难”，是固定搭配，所以填exploring。句意是：他们在探险中遇到了很多麻烦。所以这对马可波罗来说是一次艰难的旅行，但他非常勇敢。提示：要记住非谓语动词在特定句型中的运用。
9.working。考查非谓语动词作宾语及其特定句型中的非谓语动词结构。Sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事，固定搭配。故填动名词working。句意是：大约四年后，马可遇到了忽必烈，忽必烈给了他一份工作。马可为他工作了17年。
10.interesting。考查非谓语动词作定语。谓语动词是learned，句子中没有连接句子的连词，所以所给的动词不可以是谓语动词形式，那么只有可能是非谓语动词，根据与things之间的关系看出是作定语修饰things，二者之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填interesting，句意是：他学到了很多关于中国生活的有趣的事情。当他回到家时，他跟其他人讲述了煤和纸币之类的事情。他在一本著名的书中记述了他的旅行。
