2024年外研版中考英语总复习 词法专题复习 形容词课件

(共74张PPT)
专题一 词法
第五讲 形容词
考点一形容词的基本用法
一、形容词常见类型
1.限制性形容词:用来描述事物本质,与名词紧紧相连,如果去掉会影响原来的本意
如:a French dish一道法式菜
2.描述性形容词:置于名词之前,常对名词进行描述,省略之后不会影响所修饰名词的本意
如:a delicious French dish　一道美味的法式菜
3.等级形容词:指直接说明人或事物的特征、性质并有等级变化,可用程度副词来修饰
如:Our earth will be much cleaner and safer.
4.表语形容词:在句中常作表语,不作前置定语,以前缀a-开头或表示健康状况的形容词多属此类
如:afraid,alive,asleep,awake,ashamed,alike,ill,well(健康的), fine, worth,ready,sorry
二、形容词的句法功能
1.作定语:修饰名词,说明其性质、特征等
作定语的常见形容词有:little(小的),middle, real,only,main, wooden, golden, eastern
2.作表语:与系动词构成系表结构
The grapes taste delicious.
3.作补足语:用来说明宾语或主语的性质或状态
The boy finds math interesting.
4.作状语:表示伴随、原因、结构等
He went home,hungry and tired.
三、形容词的位置
1.放在名词之前;不定代词或不定副词之后
an interesting book,something delicious
2.放在系动词的后面作表语
smell nice,get colder,be pretty
3.只能作表语,不作定语的形容词
ill,well,afraid,alive,alone,asleep
4.放在计量名词的后面
fifty meters wide,ten years old
考点专练
1.(2023·包头)Her living room was too hot and ________,and she couldn’t bear to stay there one more second.
A.relaxing 　　B.boring 　　　　C.bright
2.(2022·包头昆区二模)—What do you think of the TV play
—It’s so __________ that I have watched it twice.
A.meaningless B.wonderful C.serious D.boring
B
B
3.(2022·包头一模)You look very tired.Take a cup of tea and you will feel __________.
A.hungry B.angry C.relaxed D.strange
4.(2022·呼和浩特)My math teacher lives a(n) ________ life. She looks as young as she did ten years ago.
A.polite B.active C.poor D.careful
C
B
5.(2022·包头)—Luckily,Tom helped us solve the problem.
—Great!He is so smart that he can always come up with ________ ideas.
A.Bright B.comfortable C.friendly D.similar
6.(2021·包头)It is very __________ for passengers to use e-tickets when they are taking high-speed trains.
A.peaceful B.basic C.natural D.convenient
A
D
7.(2020·包头)—Tomorrow I’ll take the final examination,and I feel nervous.
—Don’t worry.It’s _____ to have butterflies in your stomach before an exam.
A.rude B.exciting C.perfect D.natural
D
8.(2021·包头青山二模)—The Internet is ________ again. Oh,what can I do without the Internet
—You can read a book,watch TV,take a walk…There are a lot of things to do.
A.clear B.direct C.down D.popular
C
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
加-er, -est warm great warmer greater warmest
greatest
-e结尾的 加-r,-st nice large nicer __________ nicest
__________
辅音+-y结 尾,改y为i 加-er,-est early happy funny earlier __________ __________ earliest
__________
__________
考点二 形容词等级与用法
一、比较级与最高级的构成
larger
largest
happier
happiest
funnier
funniest
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
重读闭音节结尾,双写末尾辅音字母加-er,-est big hot thin fat wet sad red bigger __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ biggest
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
hotter
hottest
thinner
thinnest
fatter
fattest
wetter
wettest
sadder
saddest
redder
reddest
（续表）
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
部分双音节 或多音节词前面加more, most careful slowly excited more careful __________ __________ most careful
__________
__________
不规则 good well __________ __________
more slowly
most slowly
more excited
most excited
better
best
（续表）
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
不规则 bad ill __________ __________
many much __________ __________
few little __________ __________ __________
__________
more
most
fewer
fewest
less
least
worse
worst
（续表）
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
不规则 far __________ __________ __________
__________
old __________ __________ __________
__________
further
furthest
older
oldest
elder
eldest
farther
farthest
（续表）
考点专练
1.(2023·包头)It is said that elephants are the __________ existing land mammals(哺乳动物) on the Earth.(large)
2.(2023·包头昆区二模)Heathrow,London’s international airport,is the __________ airport in Britain.(busy)
3.(2023·包头一模)The more you read,the __________ you will become.(wise)
largest
busiest
wiser
4.(2023·包头青山二模)High-speed trains are much _______ than traditional ones.(fast)
5.(2022·呼和浩特)—I think I am the __________ among the girls.What should I do (shy)
—Be active and try to speak more in front of the class.
6.(2022·呼市一模)In many parts of the world,solar energy is now the __________ form of electricity.(cheap)
faster
shyest
shyest
7.(2022·包头昆区二模)Having so much work to do,the traffic jam drove me even __________.(mad)
8.(2022·包头青山二模)Born in a much __________ family, the girl is able to afford further education abroad.(wealthy)
9.(2021·呼市一模)Garbage Classification can reduce environmental pollution and plays an important role in building a clean world.It can make a better and _________ life.(health)
madder
wealthier
healthier
10.(2021·包头一模)—Hi,Sam.I heard about your exam results. You got full marks!You must be the __________ person in the world right now.(happy)
—Thank you.
happiest
二、形容词等级的用法
1.形容词原级
(1)as+adj.+as“与……一样……”
History is as interesting as geography.
(2)not…as/so +adj.+as“……不如……”
I can’t type so fast as my brother.
(3)倍数+as +adj.+as“……是……的几倍”
My desk is three times as big as yours.
2.形容词比较级
(1)比较级+than
Actions are more powerful than words.
(2)the+比较级,the+比较级(越……,就越……)
The more you exercise,the healthier you’ll become.
(3)more and more+多音节形容词
比较级+and+比较级(越来越……)
Today more and more foreigners begin to learn Chinese.
(4)the+比较级+of the two(两者中更……)
Of the two math problems,I can just work out the less difficult one.
(5)Which+be+比较级,A or B
Which is bigger,the earth or the moon
3.形容词最高级
(1)the+最高级+in/of范围
Of all the drinks,tea is the oldest in the world.
(2)one of the+最高级+复数名词+in/of范围
Yoga is one of the most popular sports in the club.
(3)the+序数词+最高级+名词+in/of范围
Jim is the third tallest in the class.
(4)Which/Who…the+最高级,A,B or C
Which city is the most beautiful in China,Beijing,Shanghai or Shenzhen
4.修饰比较级的程度副词有much,even,still,far,a lot,a little,rather等;修饰原级的程度副词有very,quite,so,too,enough,really等
5.本身含义没有等级的形容词或副词有perfect,enough,dead, blind,favorite等
考点专练
1.(2023·呼和浩特)The air has been much _________ these years.Governments are taking action against pollution.
A.badly B.worst C.bad D.worse
2.(2023·呼市一模)—This is _______ fascinating town I have ever visited.
—Yes,I’ve never seen a 　　　one.
A.the worst;bigger B.the most;better
C.the better;best D.the better;most
D
B
3.(2022·呼和浩特)The box was __________ than I had expected. I was out of breath when I got home.
A.more heavier B.much heavier
C.little heavier D.very heavier
4.(2022·呼市一模)—I think Steve and his dog were ______ in the talent show.
—Yeah!They really made us laugh a lot.
A.the easiest B.the funniest C.the loudest D.the worst
B
B
5.(2021·呼和浩特)The number of giant pandas is getting __________ because their living areas are becoming farmlands.
A.less and less B.larger and larger
C.smaller and smaller D.fewer and fewer
6.(2021·包头一模)I think watching TV every day is a waste of time—there are __________ meaningful things to do.
A.less B.more C.the least D.the more
C
B
7.(2021·呼市赛罕区二模)The price of cars is getting __________ now,and more and more people can afford to buy them.
A.cheaper and cheaper
B.lower and lower
C.more and more expensive
D.higher and higher
B
考点三 形容词构词法
1.后缀形容词
(1)n.+ -ful →adj.
有希望的__________ 有害的__________
令人痛苦的__________ 感激的__________
有势力的__________ 诚实的__________
和平的__________ 有用的__________
精彩的__________ 有帮助的________
成功的__________ 美丽的__________
hopeful
harmful
painful
thankful
powerful
truthful
peaceful
useful
wonderful
helpful
successful
beautiful
(2).n.+ -less →adj.
(3). n.+ -able →adj.
宝贵的__________ 可相信的__________
有空的__________ 令人愉快的________
合理的__________ 舒适的__________
粗心的__________ 无希望的__________
careless
hopeless
valuable
believable
available
enjoyable
reasonable
comfortable
(4).n.+ -y →adj.
阳光灿烂的__________ 多云的__________
有雾的__________ 幸运的__________
喧闹的__________ 咸的__________
瞌睡的__________ 好吃的__________
sunny
cloudy
foggy
lucky
noisy
salty
sleepy
tasty
(5).n.+ -ly →adj.
每日的__________ 每周的__________
友好的__________ 可爱的__________
daily
weekly
friendly
lovely
(6). n.+ -en →adj.
(7). n.+ -ive →adj.
毛料的__________ 木制的__________
woolen
wooden
active
creative
活跃的__________ 创造性的__________
(8). n.+ -al →adj.
音乐的__________ 国家的__________
教育性的__________ 中心的__________
个人的__________ 意外的__________
传统的__________ 历史的__________
医疗的__________ 身体的__________
musical
national
personal
central
educational
accidental
traditional
historical
medical
physical
(9). n.+ -ous →adj.
2.复合形容词:由两个或两个以上的单词组成,通常作定语。
如:kind-hearted,hard-working
著名的__________ 危险的__________
幽默的__________
famous
dangerous
humorous
3.分词形容词:由现在分词或过去分词演变而成,可在句子作定语或表语。
moving动人的 exciting令人激动的
amazing惊奇的 fascinating迷人的
tired疲倦的 pleased高兴的
shocked惊愕的 relaxed放松的
embarrassed窘迫的 bored厌倦的
crowded拥挤的 surprised惊奇的
考点专练
1.(2023·包头)The Earth is getting more and more _______ as the global population is still growing.(crowd)
2.(2023·包头昆区二模)For the people who are not into animals, it’s less _____________ to communicate with them.(enjoy)
3.(2023·包头东河二模)It is ________ for me to improve my listening by watching English movies. I can get good grades now.(help)
crowded
enjoyable
helpful
4.(2022·包头)We weren’t __________ that she won the talent competition.She sings very well.(surprise)
5.(2022·包头青山二模)Although it is one of the most __________ moments in my life,it was the best lesson for me.(pain)
6.(2022·包头昆区二模)What Susan said sounds __________,so I think she told the truth.(believe)
surprised
painful
believable
7.(2021·包头)The world is full of exciting and __________ activities that we can try and enjoy.(wonder)
8.(2021·包头一模)As he went into the room,all the people became silent,which made him veryembarrassed and _____________.(comfort)
9.(2021·包头东河二模) is a __________ teaching tool that shows children how the human body works.(power)
wonderful
uncomfortable
powerful
考点四 形容词常见搭配
一、形容词与介词搭配
1、与about搭配
be sure about 对……有把握
be worried about 对……担心
be excited about 对……感到兴奋
be serious about 对……是认真的
be crazy about 对……热衷
be careful about 对……小心
2、与for搭配
be famous for 因……著名
be ready for 为……做好准备
be good for 对……有好处
be thankful for 因……而感激
be late for 迟到
be hungry for 渴求……
be responsible for 对……负责
3、与from搭配
be far away from 远离
be different from 与……不同
be separated from 和……分开
be absent from 缺席;不在
4、与in搭配
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be weak in 在……方面薄弱
be different in 在……方面不同
be successful in 在……方面成功
5、与of搭配
be afraid of 害怕　　　　　　
be full of 充满
be fond of 喜欢
be short of 短缺
be proud of 对……感到自豪
be tired of 对……感到厌倦
6、与to搭配
be close to 接近;靠近
be friendly to 对……友好
be kind to 对……和蔼
be harmful to 对……有害
be polite to 对……有礼貌
be similar to 与……相似
be thankful to 对……表示感激
7、与on搭配
8、与at搭配
be hard on 对……要求苛刻
be dependent on 依赖……
be bad at 不善于
be mad at 对……发怒
be good at 善于
9、与with搭配
be angry with对……生气
be good with善于应付
be popular with受……欢迎
be filled with充满
be satisfied with对……感到满意
be pleased with对……感到满意
be patient with对……有耐心
be strict with对……要求严格
二、常见分词形容词的搭配
1.interest 使……感兴趣
Bob was interested in the interesting story.
2.surprise 使惊奇;使震惊
We got surprised at the surprising news.
3.excite 使兴奋;使激动
They’re excited about the exciting match.
4.move 使感动
The audience were moved by the moving film.
5.please 使高兴;使满意
Mr.Li is pleased with my pleasing answer.
6.tire 使感到厌烦;使感到累
People are tired of the tiring speeches.
7.frighten 使惊恐;使惊吓
She is frightened of the frightening story.
考点专练
1.(2022·包头昆区二模)The farmer nodded to me in a friendly way.At that time,I was __________ pride.
A.interested in B.surprised at
C.famous for D.full of
2.(2022·包头)Maybe they feel embarrassed because they think they’re not very __________ at a sport.
A.excited B.strict C.good D.poor
D
C
3.(2023·包头东河二模)I like Chinese culture a lot.It is quite different __________ our culture.
4.(2022·包头昆区二模)I waved(挥手) to you until I couldn’t see you anymore.And my eyes were filled __________ tears.
from
with
全国精编题组一
一、词汇知识运用
1.(2023·乐山)—It’s a long way from our school to the museum!
—You mean it’s __________ to take a taxi
A.popular B.necessary C.important
2.(2023·营口)The football match was put off as a result of the __________ weather.
A.awful B.difficult C.wonderful
B
A
3.(2023·江西)—Be __________,please!Your sister is reading a book.
—All right!I will.
A.honest B.crazy C.quiet
4.(2023·扬州)The teapot has a very funny but interesting shape.It’s a work of art,but it is also __________ for tea making.
A.natural B.practical C.general
5.(2023·吉林)Tian Xin has good eating habits,so she is very _______.
A.kind B.healthy C.friendly
C
B
B
6.(2023·武汉)Mary is __________ about what she eats.She never has junk food.
A.careful B.relaxed C.nervous
7.(2023·齐齐哈尔)Remember this,kids.The harder you work,the __________ you will be.
A.worse B.luckier C.easier
8.(2023·牡丹江)A man should be strict with himself,but be ______ to others.
A.similar B.harmful C.friendly
A
B
C
9.(2023·福建)—To tell the truth,I am now feeling very __________.
—Take it easy.You’ll make it.
A.peaceful B.nervous C.confident
10.(2023·广西)Our village becomes __________ than before because of “Beautiful Villages” project.
A.cheaper B.longer C.cleaner
B
C
二、语篇知识运用（形容词专练）　　
(2023·沈阳二模) Shenyang is the capital city of Liaoning and it is one of the 　 1 　 (big) cities in the northeast of China.With a
　 2 　(wealth) culture and history,Shenyang is a great place to visit,work in,and live in.
Shenyang is the city where the 　 3 　(tradition) meets the modern.It is 　 4 　(fame) for places of interest,including the Shengyang Imperial Palace. The palace was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004.
biggest
wealthy
traditional
famous
Shenyang used to be called “the 　 5 　(old) son” of the People’s Republic of China because of great contributions to the development of our country.Now 　 6 　(越来越多) people would prefer to work here to realize their dreams.
　　Shenyang is also 　 7 　(know) for its delicious food, such as chicken with ginger,stewed pork ribs and pickled cabbage.
oldest
more and more
known
　In a word,Shenyang is an 　 8 　(excite) city and it is well
9 (值得) a visit.Whether you are 　 10 　(interest) in history, culture,business,or just want to lead a city life,Shenyang has something for everyone.
exciting
worth
interested
全国精编题组二
一、词汇知识运用
1.(2023·青岛城阳区一模)If you don’t stop to drink some water,you’ll feel even __________.(thirsty)
2.(2023·金华)You’d better speak __________ than usual when giving a speech.(loud)
3.(2023·内江)Our basketball team won the first place.How __________ we felt!(excite)
thirstier
louder
excited
4.(2023·广安)Tom is much __________ than usual because the final exam is coming.(busy)
5.(2023·昆明盘龙区二模)The Stone Forest is a __________ wonder,it is famous in the world.(nature)
6.(2023·无锡二模)We can clearly see the pain from her __________ eyes.(worry)
7.(2023·苏州二模)It must be the __________ idea we have ever heard about this year.(crazy)
busier
natural
worried
craziest
8.(2023·温州一模)Because of global warming,the winter of this area will become the __________ in history.(wet)
9.(2023·宁波鄞州区一模)Five tired and unhappy men,in the coldest and __________ place on the earth,turned north.(empty)
10.(2023·东营)A new study shows that sunshine can make men feel __________.They will eat more food after receiving UVB rays(紫外线) from the sun.(hunger)
wettest
emptiest
hungry
二、语言知识运用（形容词专练）
Why is the Chinese idiom “cai gao ba dou” used to describe a
　1　 person This idiom is based on a story about Cao Zhi,the son of Cao Cao.
Cao Zhi was one of the 　2　 poets of his time.Besides his fu poetry, his and prose(散文) were also 　3　.His work such as luoshenfu (《洛神赋》),were 　4　 beautiful descriptions and fancy languages.
【 A.magical B.talented C.prett】
B
【 A.best B.thinnest C.worst】
A
C
【A.normal B.humorous C.excellent】
A
【 A.full of B.good at C.ready for】
Xie Lingyun was a 　5　 poet,too.He was quite 　6　 of his own writing.But he also admired Cao Zhi’s talent.He once said to others,
“Heaven only gave the world one dan of talent,and Cao Zhi had eight dou .I deserve(应得) one dou and all the 　7　 poets should share the last dou.
【 A.honest B.famous C.brave 】
B
【 A.polite B.patient C.proud 】
C
【 A.right B.other C.main 】
B
Dan is the 　8　 Chinese measure(度量法) for grain.One dan is
　9　 to ten dou Since then,the idiom “cai gao ba dou” has been used to describe a person who is very 　10　 and has a great talent for writing.It is translated into “eight bushels of talent” in English.
【 A.ancient B.local C.correct 】
A
C
【 A.similar B.close C.equal 】
B
【 A.pleased B.gifted C.moved】
综合强化题组
一、词汇知识运用
1.(2022·青岛一模)Doing sports can make people happier, _______,
and more confident.(health)
2.(2022·成都)School education offers chances for __________ development to help each of us realize our dream.(person)
3.Little Tommy is hard to deal with.You can’t find a __________ boy in the class.(noise)
healthier
personal
noisier
4.Harry,you should mind your manners.It is __________ to push in before others.(polite)
5.You needn’t be frightened because these insects(昆虫) are completely __________.(harm)
6.If you want to know the __________ news,please read today’s newspapers.(late)
impolite
harmless
latest
二、语篇知识运用（形容词专练）
I did volunteer work in an Indian orphanage(孤儿院) several days ago.It was a(n) 　 1 　 (forget) experience.
　　When I first went to India with my classmates,I saw many poor people. I was 　 2 　 (worry) that we might have to live like them.I was right.We had to sleep in a very small room—18 girls stayed together. As there was not 　 3 　 (enough) water,we had to save it day in and day out.
unforgettable
worried
enough
Although the living environment was 　4　 (worse),we did many things to help children there,like teaching and cleaning.The most
　 5 (difficulty) thing for me was looking after babies who were
　6　 (little) than one year old.That was the first time I had held a baby.It was not easy at all. The babies kept 　 7 　 (noise),no matter what I did.After a while,I was so 　8　 (tire) from the pain in my back and shoulders.I suddenly realized how much my parents did for me
bad
difficult
less
noisy
tired
when I was 　 9 　 . Seeing their smiling faces and the clean orphanage, we felt 　 10 　 (pride) of ourselves.
young
proud
三、语言知识运用（形容词专练）
I haven’t seen Mr. Jenkins since I left school,but I often think about him.I wasn’t very 　1　 at most school subjects before I met him,especially in science.The 　2　 thing I could remember is where the rain comes from!But when I was taught and went into Mr.Jenkins’ class, everything changed.
【 A.bad B.mad C.good】
C
【 A.same B.last C.only】
C
Before I was taught by Mr.Jenkins,science had simply been a subject 　3　 of strange words to me.I didn’t know what hydrogen(氢气) was and I didn’t really want to know,either.I found it so 　4　 and difficult. But Mr.Jenkins made everything 　5　.He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of examples and in 　6 .　 language.
【 A.sure B.proud C.full】
C
【 A.boring B.exciting C.relaxing】
A
【 A.surprising B.embarrassing C.interesting】
C
A
【 A.simple B.correct C.serious 】
I know that I wasn’t a 　7　 student,but I was 　8　 in learning new things.Mr.Jenkins made me feel that I had my 　9　 strengths.I was
　10　 about the study of the stars and planets. Now I took a job as a science teacher like Mr.Jenkins.
【 A.direct B.smart C.normal 】
B
C
【 A.typical B.brave C.active 】
B
【 A.kind B.own C.close 】
A
【 A.crazy B.worried C.anxious】