2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】
专题25阅读理解七选五段首句类讲义（考情+技法+真题+模拟）解析版
【近年高考考情】
年份 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 选项特征 字数
2023 新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1 完整句 247+82
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 完整句 261+63
全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1 3 1 完整句 252+51
全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4 1 有残缺句 282+69
2022 新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 完整句 257+76
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1 4 0 完整句 237+74
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3 1 有残缺句 230+87
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3 1 1 有残缺句 248+76
2021 新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 完整句 270+83
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1 2 2 完整句 250+75
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1 4 0 有残缺句 261+49
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会上如何变得有趣 2 2 1 有残缺句 255+81
2020 新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 公开演讲的一些原则 1 3 1 完整句 235+73
全国I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我接纳小技巧 1 3 1 完整句 252+41
全国II卷 说明文 人与社会 表情符号与职场交流 1 3 1 有残缺句 225+77
全国III卷 说明文 人与社会 乔迁聚会相关知识 2 2 1 完整句 248+86
【实用解题妙招】
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
1.选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
2.话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
题型一 段首主题句/主旨句
考例1 (2023 新高考II卷)39题
…
Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.…
Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible.…
Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 18 Get out of your comfort zone. Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges.
_ 39 _ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
…
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
39题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
分析设空处位置特点，该空位于段首，是本段的中心句或主旨句，同时联系其他段落首句，发现都是祈使句。因此推断该空需要一个段落主题句，且是祈使句开头。
第二步：关注下句和关键词。
根据后一句“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
综合上述信息，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
考例2 (2021 新高考II卷)38题
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 36 Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes…
_ 38 _ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time….
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you….
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
38题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
分析设空处位置特点，该空位于段首，是本段的中心句或主旨句，同时联系其他段落首句，发现都是主从复合句，主句仍然是祈使句（相对来说比较些）。因此推断该空需要一个段落主题句，且是祈使句开头。
第二步：关注下句和关键词。
空白处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
综合上述信息，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
考例3 (2021 新高考II卷)36题
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
_ 36 _ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. …
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect….
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision….
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
36题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第36空位于段首句，接着是正文，属于段落主旨句，同时，观察其余段落首句，分别有“The next technique”和“The third technique”因此设空位置应该与之呼应，表示顺序概念。
第二步：承上启下上挂下联。
36. D。空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合上下文，D选项中First of all与接下来两段next, third呼应，且本主题句与段落内容逻辑一致。故选D。
题型二 段首过渡句
考例4 (2022 全国甲卷)39题
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 36 Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
…
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
…
Making Requests
39 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
…
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
39题答题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第39空上有小标题，属于段落主旨句，因此设空位置处于小标题和段落之间的承上启下过渡句。
第二步：承上启下上挂下联。
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
考例5 (2022 全国乙卷)38题
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge…
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both….
·Practise empathy (共情)
_ 38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
·39 Remember important dates
…Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
…
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
38题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第38空上文有小标题，接着是正文，属于段落主旨句，因此设空位置处于小标题和段落之间起着承上启下的过渡句。
第二步：承上启下上挂下联。
本段小标题是Practise empathy (共情)，学会共情，换位思考。38. G。下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合语境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G。
考例6 (2019 全国III卷)37题
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners. While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. …
Don'ts
Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. …
Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. …
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
37题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第37空上文有小标题”Do’s，接着是正文，因此设空位置处于小标题和段落之间起着承上启下的过渡句。
第二步：承上启下抓关键词。
本段主题是论坛上可以做的事情。37.根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题。question一次在本段反复出现，是关键词。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合语境和关键词信息，G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题。故答案是G。
【高考真题再练】
Passage 1
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2018全国Ⅰ卷 说明文 颜色在家庭装饰中的作用 338 6.5 min 1 2 2
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life Professional Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day 1 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 2 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
_ 3 段首主题句. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 4 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 5 .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
文章大意：文章主要讲述了颜色在家庭装饰中的巨大作用，并介绍了三种设计方案。
1. B。上文给出了不同的房间风格选择，第一段最后一句又说到"making a room feel the way you want it to feel"可知,此处指不管你在寻找哪种风格，颜色是关键。
2. A。结合第二段第一句中的"a number of different techniques"以及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，此处表示"虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点复杂"，故A项符合语境。
3. D。第二段最后一句出现了"the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones"，第三段提到了"small color choices"，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲"the small ones"，故选D。
4. G。第四段最后一句提到了"a bigger commitment than smaller ones"和"a more powerful effect"可知，此处是和上文中的"small color choices"作对比，故选G。
5. F。根据第五段第二句提到的"the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant"可知,此处意在强调所花费的时间、精力和费用是巨大的，由此可推知选F。
Passage 2
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2018全国IⅠ卷 说明文 晨练的诸多好处 299 6 min 2 3 0
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 1 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.?
●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 2?Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 3 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
●_ 4 段首主题句Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
●_ 5 段首主题句If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
文章大意：本文从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。
1. G。空后一句及接下来的段落是在讲晨练的好处，所以G"如果你计划定期锻炼，或者你现在正在锻炼，那就注意听"符合语境。
2. E。根据空处前两句（你的工作效率提高了；锻炼会让你更清醒，并准备好应付一天中摆在你面前的一切）可知，此空应选E"运动后你可以保持头脑清醒4—10个小时"。more awake与E项中的clear照应。
3. F。由此空后的"getting...the whole day"与F项中的"burn calories throughout the day"一致可知,答案为F"在你运动之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里"。
4. B。此空是本段的中心句，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以选B"你的睡眠质量提高了"。空后一句中的"slept better"是关键信息。
5. A。根据本段中的"healthy food"和"junk food"与选项A中的diet有关可知，此空应选A"你会坚持你的饮食 (习惯)"。
Passage 3
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2018全国IIⅠ卷 说明文 舞蹈的魅力价值影响 276 6 min 2 2 1
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.
_ 2 段首主题句We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.
"I adore dancing," says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. "I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. 2 It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life."
_ 3 段首主题句"I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. "They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 4 "
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier Andrea Hillier says, "Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 5 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive."
A. So why do we dance
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
文章大意：舞蹈有着悠久的历史，它传递着人们的丰富情感：爱与恨、乐与悲、生与死……
1. B。待填处为本段主题句，本段语境描述了跳舞的时空，故可知在美国，舞蹈无处不在。
2. D。本句起到承上启下的作用。 根据设空前一句"Teaching dance is wonderful."可知，下文应与教别人跳舞有关，又根据设空后句"It?s great to watch them."中的 "them"可知，待填句应包含一个表示人的复数名词，故为D。
3. A。本段主要讲了跳舞之后人们心情会变好，由此可知，待填处提出问题，与下文构成因果关系。
4. F。此处表示跳过舞后人们心情的积极变化，再根据设空前的 "one young couple"可知，待填处的代词应为复数,即"their"。
5. E。本段中用了三个以 "I"开头的排比句 (I want to get better. I keep practicing even when I?m extremely tired. I find it hard to stop.)，表明Andrea Hillier对舞蹈的热爱，故选E。
Passage 4
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2017全国IⅠ卷 说明文 避免工作被打扰的小窍门 283 6 min 1 3 2
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 1 , there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
_ 2 段首主题句.Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 3 . It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 4 . it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 5 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter. excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了避免工作时被打断的几种方法。
1. B。根据上文的"Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with"以及下文的"there are several ways to handle things"可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的办法。空处承上启下，应选B项。
2. A。根据下文的"Tell the person you’re sorry...ask if the two of you can talk at a different time"可知，本段讲述的是当你忙的时候，要拒绝别人打断你。故A项符合文意。
3. E。根据上文的"let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then"及下文的" It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions."可知，此处指让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的。故选E项。
4. D。根据上文的"don’t do it in your own office"以及下文的?"excuse? yourself to get back to your work"可知，你如果不在自己的办公室里，就更容易给自己找到借口返回来工作。故选D项。
5. G。根据本段的首句"If you have a door to your office, make good use of it"以及下文的"when the door is closed"可知，G项符合文意。
Passage 5
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2017全国ⅠII卷 说明文 保持早睡早起好习惯的策略 309 6 min 1 3 1
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock 1 Here is how to make one.
●_ 2 段首主题句In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 4
● Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 5 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何做计划建立好生物钟，保持早睡早起的好习惯。
1. C。第一段最后一句说"以下是如何制作一个"，代词one指代"计划"一词，因此本空选C。
2. B。空后谈到要改变，先要说清楚做出改变很重要的原因；后面谈到一旦明白了其中的原因，就可以告诉你的家人或室友你想做出改变；由此可以推断出这段总的在说找到正确的动机，因此本空选B。
3. G。本段最后一句谈到如果买咖啡机自己弄咖啡，早上可以多睡一会儿，因此前一句应该要与咖啡有关，本空选G。
4. F。本段谈到周末起床、睡觉的时间应该和平常一致，不然周末多睡反而会增加接下来工作日的睡意。F项中的no matter the day指的就是周末也应该和工作日的作息一致。因此本空选F。
5. E。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的If not说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持，因此选E。
【名校好题强化】
【01】（2023·全国·模拟预测）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone wants to keep their kitchen clean and have a healthy pantry(食品储藏室)that offers healthy food options year-round. You already do so much for your family’s health. 1
You can smarten up your storage. Whenever possible, you can store pepper, grains, and other pantry foods in glass containers. 2 Plastic food storage containers are a good second best, though plastics are always less desirable from an environmental angle.
It’s time to sharpen your knife skills. Grocery stores offer pre-cut vegetables, which is a wonderful innovation for the short-on-time among us. But if you are able, buying a whole vegetable will save you some money-and your produce will last longer if you don’t cook it immediately.
_ 3 段首主题句Some foods, like tomatoes, should never be refrigerated, while others, like cucumbers, stay fresh longer if they’re stored in cold conditions. Knowing where each food is happy will help you use your cooling equipment to maximum benefit.
Clean up your cleaning products. Most kitchen cleaning work can be handled without products that have powerful but damaging chemicals which come in plastic containers and put eco-unfriendly substances into the air and near your food. 4 You can use baking soda(小苏打)to clean counters, sinks, and stovetops. Lemon juice, essential oils, and even large pieces of sea salt for cleaning can also help with your cleaning routine.
Share with your local food pantry. A quick online search or phone call can put you in touch with your local food pantry. Learn what they need most and seek out items in your pantry that are not yet past their best-before date or that you aren’t likely to use in the near future. 5 Both sides will get a benefit.
A．You should manage storage temperatures.
B．Then how can you keep just what you need
C．Extend your foods’ shelf life as long as you can.
D．Seek out some simple and mild solution “recipes”.
E．You’ll be reducing your waste and feeding your neighbors at one go.
F．The see-through material will show you when things are running low
G．But could you also pay some attention to keeping an eco-friendly pantry
1．G 2．F 3．A 4．D 5．E
【导语】本文是说明文。本文就环保食品储藏室问题给出应对策略，倡导健康、环保的生活方式。
1．由上文“Everyone wants to keep their kitchen clean and have a healthy pantry (食品储藏室) that offers healthy food options year-round. (每个人都想保持厨房清洁，有一个健康的食品储藏室，全年提供健康的食品选择。)”可知，下面要说跟“食品储藏室”有关的话题。G项“But could you also pay some attention to keeping an eco-friendly pantry (但你能不能也注意保持一个环保的食品储藏室？)”能承接上文，符合题意。且与上文中的“You already do so much for your family’s health (你已经为家人的健康付出了这么多。)”形成转折关系，且其中的“keeping an eco-friendly pantry”能引出下文的几种做法。故选G。
2．根据段落主旨句“You can smarten up your storage (你可以把你的储物柜变得更聪明。)”和空前的“you can store pepper, grains, and other pantry foods in glass containers. (你可以用玻璃容器储存胡椒、谷物和其他食品。)”可知，本段介绍的是关于食物储存的建议，并提到尽可能使用玻璃容器，因此空处应与玻璃容器有关。故F项“The see-through material will show you when things are running low (透明材料会在电量不足时向您显示)”能承接上文，符合题意。F项中的“The see-through material”指的正是前面提到的玻璃容器。故选F。
3．空处是段落主旨句。通读本段落“Some foods, like tomatoes, should never be refrigerated, while others, like cucumbers, stay fresh longer if they’re stored in cold conditions. Knowing where each food is happy will help you use your cooling equipment to maximum benefit. (有些食物，如西红柿，不应该冷藏，而其他食物，如黄瓜，如果储存在寒冷的条件下，可以保持新鲜更长时间。了解每一种食物在什么地方最好吃，可以帮助你最大限度地利用冷却设备。)”可知，本段讲述了保存食物的温度。A项“You should manage storage temperatures. (你应该控制储存温度)”可以概括本段主旨。故选A。
4．由上文“Clean up your cleaning products. Most kitchen cleaning work can be handled without products that have powerful but damaging chemicals which come in plastic containers and put eco-unfriendly substances into the air and near your food. (清理你的清洁产品。大多数厨房清洁工作都可以不使用含有强力但具有破坏性的化学物质的产品，这些化学物质装在塑料容器中，会把对环境不友好的物质释放到空气中和食物附近。)”可知，下面要说跟“如何选择清洁产品”有关的话题。故D项“Seek out some simple and mild solution “recipes”. (找出一些简单温和的解决方案“诀窍”。)”能承接上文，符合题意。空后“You can use baking soda(小苏打)to clean counters, sinks, and stovetops. Lemon juice, essential oils, and even large pieces of sea salt for cleaning can also help with your cleaning routine. (你可以用小苏打来清洁柜台、水槽和灶台。柠檬汁，精油，甚至大块的海盐也可以帮助你清洁。)”说明可以使用什么。D项中的“simple and mild”与上文中的“powerful but damaging”形成对比，且“recipes”呼应下文列举的清洁方法。故选D。
5．由上文“Share with your local food pantry. A quick online search or phone call can put you in touch with your local food pantry. Learn what they need most and seek out items in your pantry that are not yet past their best-before date or that you aren’t likely to use in the near future. (与当地的食品储藏室分享。快速上网搜索或打个电话就可以联系到当地的食品储藏室。了解他们最需要的是什么，并在你的食品储藏室里找出那些尚未超过最佳食用日期或近期不太可能使用的食品。)”可知，空处应与空前环保所带来的的好处有关，故选E项“You’ll be reducing your waste and feeding your neighbors at one go.(你在减少浪费的同时又可以给邻居提供食物)”能承接上文，符合题意。且空后的“Both sides (双方)”指的就是E项中的“You”和“your neighbors”。故选E。
【02】（2022上·内蒙古赤峰·高三校考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever noticed that sometimes you may be ill suited or perfect for the same thing 6 Here are ways weather can affect your mood that you never noticed.
You’re more helpful on sunny days. Sun makes you happy! 7 Therefore, on sunny days, you’re more likely to help those in need than on days filled with clouds and gloom. Next time you want to volunteer, try to pick a sunny day— you’ll be more helpful to the people.
8 Summer sales, here we come! Get ready to open your wallet if you go out to a mall during a nice, sunny day. Research shows that you are more likely to spend money when it’s sunny. My theory is that the sun makes us feel happier and less stressed about our life (including our financial life) -therefore we spend more money! Thus, try not to go shopping on shiny days if you want to save money.
Cold temperatures impact complex physical tasks. 9 It’s like you don’t want to move. Have you ever tried untying (解开) a knot while your hands were cold Be careful when trying to perform complex physical tasks in the cold weather— too much time in low temperatures can cause hypothermia (体温过低) !
Lack of sunlight makes you eat more. Bears hibernate (冬眠) while humans just start swallowing everything in sight. Well, bears eat much too, before they go to sleep. 10 Your body needs extra fuel to fight off the cold. Unfortunately, often you don’t actually need the extra food because a lack of sun doesn’t necessarily mean you’re cold.
A．Sunlight makes you spend more money.
B．Sunny days make you feel more tired.
C．The secret lies in distinct weather conditions.
D．Being less stressed leads to a poor life.
E．Happy people tend to be more willing to help others.
F．The cold, dark winter months make it much easier to overeat.
G．When you’re cold, your muscles feel slow and dull.
6．C 7．E 8．A 9．G 10．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天气和人的心情、人的活动之间的关系。
6．由上文“Have you ever noticed that sometimes you may be ill suited or perfect for the same thing (你有没有注意到，有时你可能不适合或不完美地做同一件事？)”可知，下面要说产生这种现象的原因。由后文“Here are ways weather can affect your mood that you never noticed. (这里有一些你从未注意到的天气影响你的心情的方式)”可知，本句要表达产生这种现象的原因是天气，故C选项“The secret lies in distinct weather conditions. (秘密在于不同的天气条件)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
7．由上文“You’re more helpful on sunny days. Sun makes you happy! (晴天你更乐于助人。太阳让你快乐！)”可知，下面要说快乐和助人的关系，故E选项“Happy people tend to be more willing to help others. (快乐的人往往更愿意帮助别人)”能承接上文，符合题意。E项中的“Happy”与空前的“happy”相对应。故选E。
8．由下文“Get ready to open your wallet if you go out to a mall during a nice, sunny day. Research shows that you are more likely to spend money when it’s sunny. (如果你在阳光明媚的日子里去购物，准备好打开钱包吧。研究表明，晴天时你更有可能花钱)”可知，本段主要说阳光和花钱之间的关系，故A选项“Sunlight makes you spend more money. (阳光会让你花更多的钱)”能引起下文，符合题意。A项中的“spend more money”与空后的“spend money”相对应。故选A。
9．由上文“Cold temperatures impact complex physical tasks. (低温会影响复杂的体力活动)”可知，下面要说跟“低温”、“活动”有关的话题，故G选项“When you’re cold, your muscles feel slow and dull. (当你冷的时候，你的肌肉会感觉迟钝)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
10．由上文“Lack of sunlight makes you eat more. Bears hibernate (冬眠) while humans just start swallowing everything in sight. Well, bears eat much too, before they go to sleep. (缺少阳光会让你吃得更多。熊在冬眠，而人类则开始吞噬眼前的一切。熊在睡觉前也会吃很多东西)”可知，下面要说冬季使人怎样，故F选项“The cold, dark winter months make it much easier to overeat. (寒冷黑暗的冬季使人更容易暴饮)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【03】（2023上·江西·高三鹰潭一中校联考期中）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are plenty of ways to have a lot of fun, relax, and do some good when you have time off and you can pay attention to things in and around your home. Having a little extra time can help you to make things better — not just for the immediate term but for the long term, too. 11
Assess and review your home and garden. Having a vacation from work can be a good time to take a good look at where you live and assess what about the situation works well for you. Reviewing and properly looking at your home and garden can help you relax and appreciate what you already have. 12 Gaining some clarity on your situation can actually give you some peace of mind.
Get to know your neighbors and neighborhood. 13 A little leisure time at home can give us the breathing space to look more closely and perhaps build new connections with either humans or other creatures — as in wildlife with whom we live together. 14 For example, kick off planning for a community garden, or organize a garden harvest exchange.
_ 15 段首主题句You can have much fun learning new things about gardening or food production, cooking and preservation. You might also consider improving your skills in plant identification, wildlife recognition, etc. These ideas may inspire you to stay at home and use the time to set yourself up for a more sustainable future. You might be surprised by how refreshing it can be.
A．Learn new sustainability skills.
B．Make small, affordable changes for big results.
C．Sustainability skills are always of great significance.
D．You can even put on some neighborhood events or projects.
E．Often, we get into the habit of passing things by without really looking.
F．Here are some suggestions for sustainable ways to use vacation time at home.
G．It can also help you see where things could potentially be changed for the better.
11．F 12．G 13．E 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，放假期间，很多人都想外出度假，其实在家度假也有很多好处，本文介绍了一些如何在家里及周围利用好假期的建议。
11．上文“Having a little extra time can help you to make things better — not just for the immediate term but for the long term, too.(有一点额外的时间可以帮助你把事情做得更好——不仅是在短期内，而且从长远来看也是如此)”提到，有一点额外的时间在家和周围可以把事情做得更好，根据下面三段的内容可知，下文是介绍在家里及周围利用好假期的建议，故该空承上启下，F项“下面是对在家利用好假期可持续性办法的一些建议”符合语境，故选F。
12．根据空前“Reviewing and properly looking at your home and garden can help you relax and appreciate what you already have.(审视和正确地看待你的家和花园可以帮助你放松和欣赏你已经拥有的东西)”可知，此处是讲述审视并正确地看待家里合格花园的好处，G项“它也可以帮助你看到需要改进的地方”承接上文，进一步说明好处，故选G。
13．根据空后“A little leisure time at home can give us the breathing space to look more closely(在家的一点闲暇时间可以给我们喘息的空间，让我们更仔细地观察)”可知，闲暇时间可以给我们喘息的空间，让我们更仔细地观察，说明我们平时没有时间观察，E项“通常，我们养成了路过但不会真正去看的习惯”符合语境，故选E。
14．根据空后“For example, kick off planning for a community garden, or organize a garden harvest exchange.(例如，开始规划一个社区花园，或者组织一个花园收获交换)”可知，此处是说举办一些社区活动，D项“你甚至可以参加一些社区活动或项目”符合语境，故选D。
15．根据下文“You can have much fun learning new things about gardening or food production, cooking and preservation. You might also consider improving your skills in plant identification, wildlife recognition, etc.(可以从学习园艺或食物生产、烹饪和保存方面的新知识中获得很多乐趣。你也可以考虑提高你在植物识别、野生动物识别等方面的技能)”可知，本段是说学习一些新的技能，A项“学习新的可持续发展技能”符合语境，故选A。
【04】（2023上·浙江·高三台州中学校联考期中）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be hard to stay motivated when you are on a training plan and this can lead to you missing essential sessions. 16 Luckily, we have some tried and tested motivational tricks that will ensure you keep running all year around.
Run with a partner. If you can, ask a friend to run with you, as then you have a reason to go out, even when you don’t want to. 17 You need someone who will help you out of the door on cold winter mornings.
_ 18 段首主题句. A fast-track way to lose your motivation is to always run the same route over and over again. Mix it up by changing where you run. Try a new route and you will focus on things like how you are feeling rather than when you hit the next lamppost or tree.
Mix up the training. 19 If you usually go for a long, slow run on a Sunday morning, why not try a little sprint session instead You can pick a landmark anywhere and run as fast as you can until you get to it, before slowing down again to recover.
Listen to music. The race itself will have plenty of motivational factors to keep you going, with the crowds cheering and other runners to concentrate on, but if you are out on your own, your favorite song can really cheer you up if you’re feeling that lull (低谷期) come over you. 20
A．Vary your locations.
B．Stimulate your motivation.
C．You also need to vary your training patterns.
D．This is especially the case when it comes to the cold months.
E．Make sure you don’t pick someone who is likely to cancel on you.
F．Some music devices will help you to stay motivated and on target.
G．Music can help keep you going when the running gets a little tough.
16．D 17．E 18．A 19．C 20．G
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些增强跑步动力的方法。
16．根据上文“It can be hard to stay motivated when you are on a training plan and this can lead to you missing essential sessions. (当你在一个训练计划中很难保持动力，这可能会导致你错过重要的课程。)”可知，空格处应该进一步说明不利的条件。选项D. This is especially the case when it comes to the cold months. (在寒冷的月份尤其如此。)说明的是不利的条件，承接上文；符合语境。故选D。
17．根据下文“You need someone who will help you out of the door on cold winter mornings. (你需要有人在寒冷的冬天早晨帮你出门。)”可知，前面的句子应该是说要找一个适合的人一起跑步。选项E. Make sure you don’t pick someone who is likely to cancel on you. (确保你没有选择一个可能会取消你约会的人。)说明的是找一个合适的人，符合语境，引出下文。故选E。
18．根据下文“A fast-track way to lose your motivation is to always run the same route over and over again. Mix it up by changing where you run. (让你失去动力的一个快速途径就是总是一遍又一遍地跑同样的路线。通过改变你跑步的地方来混合。)”可知，前面的句子应该是说要改变跑步的地点。选项A. Vary your locations. (改变你的位置。)符合语境，能够作为本段的主题句。故选A。
19．根据上文“Mix up the training. (混合训练。)”为本段的主题句，可知，空格处应该进一步说明改变训练方式。选项C. You also need to vary your training patterns. (你还需要改变你的训练模式。)符合语境，承接上文。故选C。
20．根据前文“The race itself will have plenty of motivational factors to keep you going, with the crowds cheering and other runners to concentrate on, but if you are out on your own, your favorite song can really cheer you up if you're feeling that lull(低谷期) come over you. (比赛本身会有很多激励因素让你继续前进，人群会欢呼，其他选手也会集中精力，但如果你一个人出去，你最喜欢的歌曲真的可以让你振作起来，如果你感到平静。)”可知，空格处的句子应该是说音乐帮助度过低谷期有关的话题。选项G. Music can help keep you going when the running gets a little tough. (当跑步变得有点艰难时，音乐可以帮助你继续前进。)承接上文，进一步说明音乐帮助度过低谷期。故选G。
【05】（2022上·河南漯河·高三校考期末）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Entering a new environment can be scary for students of any age. Anxiety can become an unpleasant disorder that interferes with daily life for some people. If you are struggling with anxiety at school, you are not alone. 21 This blog post will discuss some tips for coping with anxiety beforehand.
Display confident, open body language. 22 If your arms are crossed, you might seem unfriendly. If you toy with your hair, you may look anxious or nervous. To make a great impression, keep your arms uncrossed and make eye contact with people. Stand tall with your shoulders back so you appear confident.
_ 23 段首主题句The best impression you can make is an authentic one. You shouldn’t have to hide your personality or completely change who you are to make friends. People can usually tell if you’re being sincere and you’ll make better friendships if you act like yourself!
Set out your outfit (全部用品) and pack your bag before you go to bed. 24 Then, pack any notebooks, folders, and writing supplies that you might need in your backpack. Getting all set the night before means you won’t be rushing around in the morning which can stress you out.
Get to school a little early. You’ll probably need to find your classroom. If you’re running behind, you might feel stressed out. Try to get to school at least 10 minutes early so you can hang out a little before class starts.
Be ready to introduce yourself. Most teachers do an icebreaker exercise so everyone learns names. You’ll probably have to share something interesting so think about what you’d like to share about yourself. 25
A．Be true to yourself.
B．First, lay out your clothes.
C．Your body language tells a lot about your feelings.
D．This is a great chance to say hi to classmates or ask for directions
E．It’s really not hard to make a good first impression on your teacher.
F．Millions of students around the world deal with this issue every day.
G．You might talk about your hobbies, favorite sports or where you’ve traveled.
21．F 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是进入一个新的环境里应对焦虑的技巧。
21．根据空前的“If you are struggling with anxiety at school, you are not alone.(如果你在学校里与焦虑作斗争，你并不是唯一的。)”可知，在学校里与焦虑作斗争的人有很多，F选项“Millions of students around the world deal with this issue every day.(世界各地数以百万计的学生每天都在处理这个问题。)”讲述的是每天世界各地数以百万计的学生与焦虑作斗争，进一步阐述与焦虑作斗争的人有很多，承接空前的内容，其中deal with this issue与空前的struggling with anxiety内容一致。故选F项。
22．根据本段的主题句“Display confident, open body language.(展示自信、开放的肢体语言。)”可知，本段建议通过自信的肢体语言让自己看起来更加自信，以此应对焦虑，C选项“Your body language tells a lot about your feelings.(你的肢体语言透露了很多你的感受。)”讲述的内容与肢体语言相关，肢体语言透露了内心的感受，且与空后“If your arms are crossed, you might seem unfriendly. If you toy with your hair, you may look anxious or nervous.(如果你双臂交叉，你可能看起来不友好。如果你摆弄你的头发，你可能看起来焦虑或紧张。)”讲述的内容吻合。故选C项。
23．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其他段落的主题句为祈使句可知，此处也应为祈使句，根据空后的“The best impression you can make is an authentic one. You shouldn’t have to hide your personality or completely change who you are to make friends.(你能给人留下的最好印象是真实的。你不应该为了交朋友而隐藏自己的个性或完全改变自己。)”可知，不应该为了交朋友而隐藏或者完全改变自己，做一个真实的自己，由此可知，本段讲述的内容应与作真实的自己有关，A选项“Be true to yourself.(忠于自己。)”为祈使句，且讲述的内容与空后的内容一致，概括了本段的主题。故选A项
24．根据本段的主题句“Set out your outfit (全部用品) and pack your bag before you go to bed.(在睡觉前准备好你的全部用品，收拾好你的包。)”可知，本段建议提前准备好生活用品，根据空后的“Then, pack any notebooks, folders, and writing supplies that you might need in your backpack.(然后，把你可能需要的笔记本、文件夹和书写用品都装进背包里。)”可知，此处更详细的讲述的是准备好一些需要的学习用品，其中的then为解题的关键，由此可推断，此空处讲述的应是首先做的事情，B选项“First, lay out your clothes.(首先，把你的衣服摆好。)”讲述的与主题一致，且空后的then与此处的first衔接。故选B项。
25．根据本段的主题句“Be ready to introduce yourself.(做好自我介绍的准备。)”可知，本段讲述的是做好自我介绍的准备，根据空前的“You’ll probably have to share something interesting so think about what you’d like to share about yourself.(你可能需要分享一些有趣的东西，所以想想你想分享关于你自己的什么。)”可知，在进行自我介绍的时候，可以分享一些有趣的事情，建议想一下分享什么，G选项“You might talk about your hobbies, favorite sports or where you’ve traveled.(你可以谈论你的爱好，最喜欢的运动或者你去过的地方。)”讲述的内容均为一些在自我介绍时可以分享的内容，与本段的主题一致，且与空前内容吻合。故选G项。
【06】（2023上·贵州黔西·高三校考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Educational Technology is Important
Educational technology definitely has an upper hand compared to the traditional way of learning. 26 . It makes learning easier, efficient, affordable and accessible to all students, despite the learning differences. It also helps educational institutions to stay innovative, while reducing the extra expenses. For educators, educational technology serves as a huge relief, taking many of the additional responsibilities off their shoulders, while helping them to carry on their tasks with efficiency and accuracy. 27 Let us have a closer look.
_ 28 段首主题句. Educational technology encourages self-paced, personalized learning. Many platforms provide learning resources that students can refer to whenever they want. Also, it helps teachers to focus on each student individually and in real time, and keep up with their progress.
It reduces the burden of teachers. 29 . They can also make use of different online tools, virtual lesson planners, grading software, etc., for example, which are easily accessible, to work in a more efficient manner.
It helps students keep pace with the digital world. Today’s world is increasingly digitalized and it is important to keep up with it. From work front to daily life, everything is so dependent on technology that it is important for students to familiarize with it from an early age, and educational technology helps them with that. 30 , they also learn to be digitally responsible and understand the dos and don’ts of tech life and online rules they need to follow in a deeper manner.
A．How will it serve our daily life
B．It allows personalized learning
C．If students want to be free from homework
D．What more can educational technology offer
E．When children learn to use technology while learning
F．It closes many gaps that exist in the traditional teaching and learning system
G．Teachers can depend on the resources available online to prepare their teaching
26．F 27．D 28．B 29．G 30．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是为什么教育技术很重要。
26．空前“Educational technology definitely has an upper hand compared to the traditional way of learning.(与传统的学习方式相比，教育技术显然占了上风。)”说明教育技术比传统的学习方式有优势，空后“It makes learning easier, efficient, affordable and accessible to all students, despite the learning differences.(尽管存在学习差异，但它使所有学生都能更轻松、高效、负担得起并获得学习。)”说明的是教育技术的好处，空格处也应该说教育技术的好处，F选项“It closes many gaps that exist in the traditional teaching and learning system(它弥补了传统教与学系统中存在的许多空白)”中的It指代的是前面说到的教育技术，且说明了教育技术的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
27．空后“Let us have a closer look.(让我们仔细看看。)”引出了下文的回答，由接下来几段中每一段的主题句都是说的教育技术的好处可知，空格处的问题应该是“教育技术还能给我们提供什么”，D选项“What more can educational technology offer(教育技术还能提供什么呢)”引出了下文教育技术能提供的好处，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。
28．空格处是本段主题句，由空后“Educational technology encourages self-paced, personalized learning.(教育技术鼓励自主、个性化的学习。)”可知，本段主要说明教育技术鼓励个性化的学习，B选项“It allows personalized learning(它允许个性化学习)”说明了教育技术允许个性化学习，因此概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选B。
29．本段主题句是“It reduces the burden of teachers.(它减轻了教师的负担。)”，说明本段主要讲的是教育技术减轻了老师的负担，空后“They can also make use of different online tools, virtual lesson planners, grading software, etc., for example, which are easily accessible, to work in a more efficient manner.(他们还可以利用不同的在线工具，例如，虚拟课程计划，评分软件等，这些都很容易获得，以更有效的方式工作。)”说明老师可以利用教育技术做什么，空格处也应该说老师可以用教育技术干什么，G选项“Teachers can depend on the resources available online to prepare their teaching(教师可以依靠网上的资源来准备他们的教学)”说明了老师可以利用网上的资源，也是教育技术减轻老师负担的体现，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
30．空前“From work front to daily life, everything is so dependent on technology that it is important for students to familiarize with it from an early age, and educational technology helps them with that.(从工作到日常生活，一切都依赖于技术，所以学生从小就熟悉技术是很重要的，而教育技术可以帮助他们做到这一点。)”说明了教育技术可以帮助学生，空后“they also learn to be digitally responsible and understand the dos and don’ts of tech life and online rules they need to follow in a deeper manner.(他们还学会对数字负责，更深入地了解科技生活中什么该做、什么不该做，以及他们需要遵守的在线规则。)”说明的是学生掌握教育技术的好处，因此空格处应该说“当他们学会教育技术时”，E选项“When children learn to use technology while learning(当孩子们在学习中学会使用科技)”说明的是当孩子们学会技术了，引出下文学生掌握教育技术的好处，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
【07】（2023上·贵州贵阳·高三统考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to keep your house cool in the heat
As staying cool in the summer can be expensive, here are some energy efficiency tips to help keep your house comfortable without breaking the bank.
Plant for shade. You can place climbing plants or tall-growing bushes on outside walls. 31 . Besides, although south-facing windows can absorb heat, strategically-placed plants or trees can also regulate the sun’s rays.
_ 32 段首主题句. Double-glazed window is known for its ability to keep homes comfortable in winter, but it can also be beneficial during warmer months. Such energy-efficient windows combine insulated vinyl frames (隔热乙烯泡膜) with low-emissivity coatings. This not only reduces heat loss in winter but also deflects the heat from the sun, preventing your home from becoming too hot and creating a comfortable indoor environment.
Go with the airflow. 33 . When installing new windows, consider window design and layout for natural ventilation (通风). Awning windows, positioned high on a building, can provide ventilation even during rain and force warm air out.
34 . Using an ordinary fan can enhance airflow at a low cost by forcing out warmth and drawing in cooler air. Identify cool pockets in your home, like a basement, and use fans to distribute the cool air evenly. To live comfortably in winter and summer, install an air-source heat pump. 35
A．Close the windows
B．Invest in quality windows
C．Go back to basics and use a fan
D．This increase heat and make you warm
E．This can create shading and reduce heat
F．It’s helpful to be mindful of how your home interacts with the environment
G．It provides heating in winter and functions as an air-conditioning unit in summer
31．E 32．B 33．F 34．C 35．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些可以让房子在炎热的天气里保持凉爽的方法。
31．根据上文“Plant for shade. You can place climbing plants or tall-growing bushes on outside walls.(种植遮荫。你可以在外墙上种植攀缘植物或高大的灌木)”可知，上文提到了在外墙上种植攀缘植物或高大的灌木，故本句承接上文说明这么做的用途：产生阴影，减少热量。故E选项“这可以产生阴影，减少热量”符合语境，故选E。
32．根据本段内容“Double-glazed window is known for its ability to keep homes comfortable in winter, but it can also be beneficial during warmer months. Such energy-efficient windows combine insulated vinyl frames (隔热乙烯泡膜) with low-emissivity coatings. This not only reduces heat loss in winter but also deflects the heat from the sun, preventing your home from becoming too hot and creating a comfortable indoor environment.(双层玻璃窗以其在冬季保持室内舒适的能力而闻名，但在温暖的月份它也有益。这种节能窗户结合了绝缘乙烯基框架和低辐射涂层。这不仅可以减少冬季的热量损失，还可以转移来自太阳的热量，防止你的家变得太热，创造一个舒适的室内环境)”可知，本段主要介绍了双层玻璃窗，window对应B选项windows。故B选项“购买优质窗户”符合语境，故选B。
33．根据后文“When installing new windows, consider window design and layout for natural ventilation (通风). Awning windows, positioned high on a building, can provide ventilation even during rain and force warm air out.(安装新窗时，应考虑窗的设计和布局，以保证自然通风。位于建筑物高处的遮阳篷窗户，即使在下雨时也能提供通风，并将热空气排出)”可知，后文主要举例说明了家里的布局要注意和环境的互相作用关系，故F选项“注意你的家与环境的相互作用是很有帮助的”符合语境，故选F。
34．根据后文“Using an ordinary fan can enhance airflow at a low cost by forcing out warmth and drawing in cooler air.(使用普通风扇可以通过排出热量和吸入冷空气来以低成本增加气流)”可知，本段主要是在说明使用风扇，C选项use a fan对应后文fan。故C选项“回归基本，使用风扇”符合语境，故选C。
35．根据上文“To live comfortably in winter and summer, install an air-source heat pump.(为了在冬季和夏季生活舒适，安装空气源热泵)”可知，上文提到了安装空气源热泵，本句为本段最后一句，故说明其作用，G选项中It指代上文an air-source heat pump。故G选项“它在冬季提供供暖，在夏季作为空调机组使用”符合语境，故选G。
36．D 37．F 38．A 39．C 40．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍在旅行前如何作好计划以获得很棒的旅行经历。
36．上文“Things like flights and hotels have to be booked in advance.(机票和酒店之类的东西必须提前预订)”提到旅行时很多事情都需要提前计划，结合下文“As long as you allow yourself plenty of time to look around, compare prices, and make sure you have everything you need before you leave, you can plan a great travel experience.(只要你给自己足够的时间四处看看，比较价格，并确保在出发前你有你需要的一切，你就可以计划一个很棒的旅行经历)”可知，只要作好充分准备，就可以计划出一个很棒的旅行经历，说明提前计划并不是什么难事，D项“不过，旅行计划并不一定要有压力”符合语境，故选D。
37．根据本段主题句“Start planning 3-6 months in advance.(提前3-6个月开始计划)”以及空后“International trips can take months to plan properly.(国际旅行可能需要几个月的时间来做好计划)”可知，本段主要是讲做计划的时间，下文中“International trips”暗示路途遥远的旅行，所以此处是说路程远近和做计划的时间，F项“你想去的地方越远，你就应该越早开始计划”符合语境，故选F。
38．根据下文“Before you do anything, you need to know how much money you will have at your disposal.(在你做任何事情之前，你需要知道你有多少钱可以支配)”可知，本段是关于旅行的预算，A项“设置一个旅行预算”适合作为本段主题句，故选A。
39．根据下文“If you’re bringing kids, look for a destination that has kid-friendly activities.(如果你带着孩子，找一个有儿童友好活动的目的地)”可知，如果带着孩子要找一个适合孩子玩的地方，说明要考虑一起旅行的人的年龄，故C项“考虑和你一起旅行的年龄群体”符合语境，故选C。
40．根据本段主题句“Make meal plans before you go.(出发前做好饮食计划)”和上文“Does your hotel offer free breakfast (你们旅馆提供免费早餐吗？)”可知，本段主要讲出发前作好饮食方面的计划，上文提到要考虑所在旅馆是否提供早餐，空处应是针对此问题作出饮食方面的计划，E项“如果没有，你可能需要调整你的预算，包括早餐”符合语境，故选E。
【08】（2023上·黑龙江大庆·高三肇州县第二中学校考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether you’re traveling for business or pleasure, every trip needs a little planning. Things like flights and hotels have to be booked in advance. 36 As long as you allow yourself plenty of time to look around, compare prices, and make sure you have everything you need before you leave, you can plan a great travel experience.
Start planning 3-6 months in advance. 37 International trips can take months to plan properly. Likewise, trips during high seasons, such as summer or over the holidays, need to be booked further out than trips during low seasons.
_ 38 段首主题句Before you do anything, you need to know how much money you will have at your disposal. It’s easy to overspend when you’re traveling if you don’t plan ahead, so start your planning by breaking down how much you want to spend on transportation, food, lodging, sightseeing, nightlife, and any other activities you hope to include in your trip.
Pick a vacation destination that you will enjoy. If you’re traveling for pleasure, look for a destination that will be enjoyable for everyone going. Think about your interests and the interests of the people traveling with you, and consider destinations that work for everyone. 39 If you’re bringing kids, look for a destination that has kid-friendly activities.
Make meal plans before you go. You don’t need a restaurant reservation for every meal when you’re gone, but you should think about meal plans before you go. Think about what meals may be included with your accommodations. Does your hotel offer free breakfast 40
A．Set a travel budget.
B．Make an emergency kit.
C．Consider the age groups traveling with you.
D．Travel planning doesn’t have to be stressful, though.
E．If not, you may need to adjust your budget to include breakfast.
F．The further away you want to go, the sooner you should start planning.
G．No matter where you’re going, there are some things that are essential to pack.
【09】（2023上·贵州遵义·高三统考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips for Saving Money
For many of us, spending comes naturally. 41 . This article will outline the following strategies for you.
Manage Your Spending. People often find they’re wasting funds on things they don’t need. 42 . Making use of a notebook or an expense-tracking app is recommendable, such as Clarity Money or Wally. And some apps even save for you. For example, the Acorns app links to your payment card, rounding up your purchases to the next dollar, and moving the difference into an investment account.
Focus on Major Expenses. Using coupons(优惠券)is fine, but you’ll save much more money by cutting funds on the biggest bills in your life. For most of us, that’s things like housing, insurance, and commuting costs. 43 . If you drive to work, there is a cheaper alternative, such as car pooling or working from home once a week.
Build Emergency Savings. Saving for a rainy day is essential for every family, which is the reason for emergency fund. 44 . Take a costly car repair, medical bill, or both, for example. An emergency fund can also tide you over for a while if you lose your job. To make it, devoting only 10% of your total income to emergency savings every month will help you achieve a large sum of money.
_ 45 段首主题句. You might want to dine out less often, try to get fewer wearings for your closet, or drive the old car for another year. But unless you enjoy living like a miser(守财奴)—and some people actually do—don’t deny yourself every last pleasure in life. The point of saving money is to build toward a financially secure future-not to make yourself unhappy in the here and now.
A．Don’t go crazy
B．Don’t save for pleasure
C．Saving, however, can take a little practice
D．To avoid this, it’s better to record every penny you spend
E．If you have a debt, you can save by purchasing products on sale
F．You can download money saving apps for things you really need
G．The fund should be enough to cover serious and unexpected cost
41．C 42．D 43．E 44．G 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何存钱、理智存钱提出了4个具体的策略。
41．根据前文“For many of us, spending comes naturally.(对我们许多人来说，花钱是自然而然的事)”以及后文“This article will outline the following strategies for you.(本文将为您概述以下策略)”，再根据本文标题“Tips for Saving Money(省钱的小贴士)”可知，全文都是围绕着具体的saving的方法来讲，所以空处应是过渡句，从花钱过渡到省钱，所以C项“Saving, however, can take a little practice(然而，储蓄需要一点练习)”符合文意，起到过渡作用。故选C项。
42．根据前文“Manage Your Spending. People often find they’re wasting funds on things they don’t need.(管理你的支出。人们经常发现他们把钱浪费在他们不需要的东西上)”以及后文“Making use of a notebook or an expense-tracking app is recommendable, such as Clarity Money or Wally.(建议使用笔记本或费用跟踪应用程序，比如Clarity Money或Wally)”可知，D项“To avoid this, it’s better to record every penny you spend(为了避免这种情况，最好把你花的每一分钱都记录2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】
专题25阅读理解七选五段首句类讲义（考情+技法+真题+模拟）原卷版
【近年高考考情】
年份 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 选项特征 字数
2023 新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1 完整句 247+82
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 完整句 261+63
全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1 3 1 完整句 252+51
全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4 1 有残缺句 282+69
2022 新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 完整句 257+76
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1 4 0 完整句 237+74
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3 1 有残缺句 230+87
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3 1 1 有残缺句 248+76
2021 新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 完整句 270+83
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1 2 2 完整句 250+75
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1 4 0 有残缺句 261+49
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会上如何变得有趣 2 2 1 有残缺句 255+81
2020 新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 公开演讲的一些原则 1 3 1 完整句 235+73
全国I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我接纳小技巧 1 3 1 完整句 252+41
全国II卷 说明文 人与社会 表情符号与职场交流 1 3 1 有残缺句 225+77
全国III卷 说明文 人与社会 乔迁聚会相关知识 2 2 1 完整句 248+86
【实用解题妙招】
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
1.选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
2.话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
题型一 段首主题句/主旨句
考例1 (2023 新高考II卷)39题
…
Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.…
Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible.…
Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 18 Get out of your comfort zone. Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges.
_ 39 _ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
…
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
39题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
分析设空处位置特点，该空位于段首，是本段的中心句或主旨句，同时联系其他段落首句，发现都是祈使句。因此推断该空需要一个段落主题句，且是祈使句开头。
第二步：关注下句和关键词。
根据后一句“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
综合上述信息，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
考例2 (2021 新高考II卷)38题
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 36 Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes…
_ 38 _ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time….
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you….
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
38题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
分析设空处位置特点，该空位于段首，是本段的中心句或主旨句，同时联系其他段落首句，发现都是主从复合句，主句仍然是祈使句（相对来说比较些）。因此推断该空需要一个段落主题句，且是祈使句开头。
第二步：关注下句和关键词。
空白处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
综合上述信息，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
考例3 (2021 新高考II卷)36题
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
_ 36 _ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. …
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect….
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision….
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
36题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第36空位于段首句，接着是正文，属于段落主旨句，同时，观察其余段落首句，分别有“The next technique”和“The third technique”因此设空位置应该与之呼应，表示顺序概念。
第二步：承上启下上挂下联。
36. D。空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合上下文，D选项中First of all与接下来两段next, third呼应，且本主题句与段落内容逻辑一致。故选D。
题型二 段首过渡句
考例4 (2022 全国甲卷)39题
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 36 Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
…
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
…
Making Requests
39 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
…
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
39题答题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第39空上有小标题，属于段落主旨句，因此设空位置处于小标题和段落之间的承上启下过渡句。
第二步：承上启下上挂下联。
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
考例5 (2022 全国乙卷)38题
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge…
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both….
·Practise empathy (共情)
_ 38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
·39 Remember important dates
…Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
…
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
38题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第38空上文有小标题，接着是正文，属于段落主旨句，因此设空位置处于小标题和段落之间起着承上启下的过渡句。
第二步：承上启下上挂下联。
本段小标题是Practise empathy (共情)，学会共情，换位思考。38. G。下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合语境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G。
考例6 (2019 全国III卷)37题
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners. While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. …
Don'ts
Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. …
Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. …
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
37题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第37空上文有小标题”Do’s，接着是正文，因此设空位置处于小标题和段落之间起着承上启下的过渡句。
第二步：承上启下抓关键词。
本段主题是论坛上可以做的事情。37.根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题。question一次在本段反复出现，是关键词。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合语境和关键词信息，G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题。故答案是G。
【高考真题再练】
Passage 1
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2018全国Ⅰ卷 说明文 颜色在家庭装饰中的作用 338 6.5 min 1 2 2
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life Professional Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day 1 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 2 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
_ 3 段首主题句. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 4 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 5 .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
Passage 2
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2018全国IⅠ卷 说明文 晨练的诸多好处 299 6 min 2 3 0
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 1 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.?
●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 2?Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 3 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
●_ 4 段首主题句Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
●_ 5 段首主题句If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
Passage 3
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2018全国IIⅠ卷 说明文 舞蹈的魅力价值影响 276 6 min 2 2 1
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.
_ 2 段首主题句We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.
"I adore dancing," says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. "I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. 2 It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life."
_ 3 段首主题句"I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. "They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 4 "
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier Andrea Hillier says, "Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 5 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive."
A. So why do we dance
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
Passage 4
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2017全国IⅠ卷 说明文 避免工作被打扰的小窍门 283 6 min 1 3 2
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Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 1 , there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
_ 2 段首主题句.Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 3 . It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 4 . it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 5 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter. excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
Passage 5
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2017全国ⅠII卷 说明文 保持早睡早起好习惯的策略 309 6 min 1 3 1
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Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock 1 Here is how to make one.
●_ 2 段首主题句In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 4
● Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 5 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
【名校好题强化】
【01】（2023·全国·模拟预测）
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Everyone wants to keep their kitchen clean and have a healthy pantry(食品储藏室)that offers healthy food options year-round. You already do so much for your family’s health. 1
You can smarten up your storage. Whenever possible, you can store pepper, grains, and other pantry foods in glass containers. 2 Plastic food storage containers are a good second best, though plastics are always less desirable from an environmental angle.
It’s time to sharpen your knife skills. Grocery stores offer pre-cut vegetables, which is a wonderful innovation for the short-on-time among us. But if you are able, buying a whole vegetable will save you some money-and your produce will last longer if you don’t cook it immediately.
_ 3 段首主题句Some foods, like tomatoes, should never be refrigerated, while others, like cucumbers, stay fresh longer if they’re stored in cold conditions. Knowing where each food is happy will help you use your cooling equipment to maximum benefit.
Clean up your cleaning products. Most kitchen cleaning work can be handled without products that have powerful but damaging chemicals which come in plastic containers and put eco-unfriendly substances into the air and near your food. 4 You can use baking soda(小苏打)to clean counters, sinks, and stovetops. Lemon juice, essential oils, and even large pieces of sea salt for cleaning can also help with your cleaning routine.
Share with your local food pantry. A quick online search or phone call can put you in touch with your local food pantry. Learn what they need most and seek out items in your pantry that are not yet past their best-before date or that you aren’t likely to use in the near future. 5 Both sides will get a benefit.
A．You should manage storage temperatures.
B．Then how can you keep just what you need
C．Extend your foods’ shelf life as long as you can.
D．Seek out some simple and mild solution “recipes”.
E．You’ll be reducing your waste and feeding your neighbors at one go.
F．The see-through material will show you when things are running low
G．But could you also pay some attention to keeping an eco-friendly pantry
【02】（2022上·内蒙古赤峰·高三校考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever noticed that sometimes you may be ill suited or perfect for the same thing 6 Here are ways weather can affect your mood that you never noticed.
You’re more helpful on sunny days. Sun makes you happy! 7 Therefore, on sunny days, you’re more likely to help those in need than on days filled with clouds and gloom. Next time you want to volunteer, try to pick a sunny day— you’ll be more helpful to the people.
8 Summer sales, here we come! Get ready to open your wallet if you go out to a mall during a nice, sunny day. Research shows that you are more likely to spend money when it’s sunny. My theory is that the sun makes us feel happier and less stressed about our life (including our financial life) -therefore we spend more money! Thus, try not to go shopping on shiny days if you want to save money.
Cold temperatures impact complex physical tasks. 9 It’s like you don’t want to move. Have you ever tried untying (解开) a knot while your hands were cold Be careful when trying to perform complex physical tasks in the cold weather— too much time in low temperatures can cause hypothermia (体温过低) !
Lack of sunlight makes you eat more. Bears hibernate (冬眠) while humans just start swallowing everything in sight. Well, bears eat much too, before they go to sleep. 10 Your body needs extra fuel to fight off the cold. Unfortunately, often you don’t actually need the extra food because a lack of sun doesn’t necessarily mean you’re cold.
A．Sunlight makes you spend more money.
B．Sunny days make you feel more tired.
C．The secret lies in distinct weather conditions.
D．Being less stressed leads to a poor life.
E．Happy people tend to be more willing to help others.
F．The cold, dark winter months make it much easier to overeat.
G．When you’re cold, your muscles feel slow and dull.
【03】（2023上·江西·高三鹰潭一中校联考期中）
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There are plenty of ways to have a lot of fun, relax, and do some good when you have time off and you can pay attention to things in and around your home. Having a little extra time can help you to make things better — not just for the immediate term but for the long term, too. 11
Assess and review your home and garden. Having a vacation from work can be a good time to take a good look at where you live and assess what about the situation works well for you. Reviewing and properly looking at your home and garden can help you relax and appreciate what you already have. 12 Gaining some clarity on your situation can actually give you some peace of mind.
Get to know your neighbors and neighborhood. 13 A little leisure time at home can give us the breathing space to look more closely and perhaps build new connections with either humans or other creatures — as in wildlife with whom we live together. 14 For example, kick off planning for a community garden, or organize a garden harvest exchange.
_ 15 段首主题句You can have much fun learning new things about gardening or food production, cooking and preservation. You might also consider improving your skills in plant identification, wildlife recognition, etc. These ideas may inspire you to stay at home and use the time to set yourself up for a more sustainable future. You might be surprised by how refreshing it can be.
A．Learn new sustainability skills.
B．Make small, affordable changes for big results.
C．Sustainability skills are always of great significance.
D．You can even put on some neighborhood events or projects.
E．Often, we get into the habit of passing things by without really looking.
F．Here are some suggestions for sustainable ways to use vacation time at home.
G．It can also help you see where things could potentially be changed for the better.
【04】（2023上·浙江·高三台州中学校联考期中）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be hard to stay motivated when you are on a training plan and this can lead to you missing essential sessions. 16 Luckily, we have some tried and tested motivational tricks that will ensure you keep running all year around.
Run with a partner. If you can, ask a friend to run with you, as then you have a reason to go out, even when you don’t want to. 17 You need someone who will help you out of the door on cold winter mornings.
_ 18 段首主题句. A fast-track way to lose your motivation is to always run the same route over and over again. Mix it up by changing where you run. Try a new route and you will focus on things like how you are feeling rather than when you hit the next lamppost or tree.
Mix up the training. 19 If you usually go for a long, slow run on a Sunday morning, why not try a little sprint session instead You can pick a landmark anywhere and run as fast as you can until you get to it, before slowing down again to recover.
Listen to music. The race itself will have plenty of motivational factors to keep you going, with the crowds cheering and other runners to concentrate on, but if you are out on your own, your favorite song can really cheer you up if you’re feeling that lull (低谷期) come over you. 20
A．Vary your locations.
B．Stimulate your motivation.
C．You also need to vary your training patterns.
D．This is especially the case when it comes to the cold months.
E．Make sure you don’t pick someone who is likely to cancel on you.
F．Some music devices will help you to stay motivated and on target.
G．Music can help keep you going when the running gets a little tough.
【05】（2022上·河南漯河·高三校考期末）
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Entering a new environment can be scary for students of any age. Anxiety can become an unpleasant disorder that interferes with daily life for some people. If you are struggling with anxiety at school, you are not alone. 21 This blog post will discuss some tips for coping with anxiety beforehand.
Display confident, open body language. 22 If your arms are crossed, you might seem unfriendly. If you toy with your hair, you may look anxious or nervous. To make a great impression, keep your arms uncrossed and make eye contact with people. Stand tall with your shoulders back so you appear confident.
_ 23 段首主题句The best impression you can make is an authentic one. You shouldn’t have to hide your personality or completely change who you are to make friends. People can usually tell if you’re being sincere and you’ll make better friendships if you act like yourself!
Set out your outfit (全部用品) and pack your bag before you go to bed. 24 Then, pack any notebooks, folders, and writing supplies that you might need in your backpack. Getting all set the night before means you won’t be rushing around in the morning which can stress you out.
Get to school a little early. You’ll probably need to find your classroom. If you’re running behind, you might feel stressed out. Try to get to school at least 10 minutes early so you can hang out a little before class starts.
Be ready to introduce yourself. Most teachers do an icebreaker exercise so everyone learns names. You’ll probably have to share something interesting so think about what you’d like to share about yourself. 25
A．Be true to yourself.
B．First, lay out your clothes.
C．Your body language tells a lot about your feelings.
D．This is a great chance to say hi to classmates or ask for directions
E．It’s really not hard to make a good first impression on your teacher.
F．Millions of students around the world deal with this issue every day.
G．You might talk about your hobbies, favorite sports or where you’ve traveled.
【06】（2023上·贵州黔西·高三校考阶段练习）
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Why Educational Technology is Important
Educational technology definitely has an upper hand compared to the traditional way of learning. 26 . It makes learning easier, efficient, affordable and accessible to all students, despite the learning differences. It also helps educational institutions to stay innovative, while reducing the extra expenses. For educators, educational technology serves as a huge relief, taking many of the additional responsibilities off their shoulders, while helping them to carry on their tasks with efficiency and accuracy. 27 Let us have a closer look.
_ 28 段首主题句. Educational technology encourages self-paced, personalized learning. Many platforms provide learning resources that students can refer to whenever they want. Also, it helps teachers to focus on each student individually and in real time, and keep up with their progress.
It reduces the burden of teachers. 29 . They can also make use of different online tools, virtual lesson planners, grading software, etc., for example, which are easily accessible, to work in a more efficient manner.
It helps students keep pace with the digital world. Today’s world is increasingly digitalized and it is important to keep up with it. From work front to daily life, everything is so dependent on technology that it is important for students to familiarize with it from an early age, and educational technology helps them with that. 30 , they also learn to be digitally responsible and understand the dos and don’ts of tech life and online rules they need to follow in a deeper manner.
A．How will it serve our daily life
B．It allows personalized learning
C．If students want to be free from homework
D．What more can educational technology offer
E．When children learn to use technology while learning
F．It closes many gaps that exist in the traditional teaching and learning system
G．Teachers can depend on the resources available online to prepare their teaching
【07】（2023上·贵州贵阳·高三统考阶段练习）
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How to keep your house cool in the heat
As staying cool in the summer can be expensive, here are some energy efficiency tips to help keep your house comfortable without breaking the bank.
Plant for shade. You can place climbing plants or tall-growing bushes on outside walls. 31 . Besides, although south-facing windows can absorb heat, strategically-placed plants or trees can also regulate the sun’s rays.
_ 32 段首主题句. Double-glazed window is known for its ability to keep homes comfortable in winter, but it can also be beneficial during warmer months. Such energy-efficient windows combine insulated vinyl frames (隔热乙烯泡膜) with low-emissivity coatings. This not only reduces heat loss in winter but also deflects the heat from the sun, preventing your home from becoming too hot and creating a comfortable indoor environment.
Go with the airflow. 33 . When installing new windows, consider window design and layout for natural ventilation (通风). Awning windows, positioned high on a building, can provide ventilation even during rain and force warm air out.
34 . Using an ordinary fan can enhance airflow at a low cost by forcing out warmth and drawing in cooler air. Identify cool pockets in your home, like a basement, and use fans to distribute the cool air evenly. To live comfortably in winter and summer, install an air-source heat pump. 35
A．Close the windows
B．Invest in quality windows
C．Go back to basics and use a fan
D．This increase heat and make you warm
E．This can create shading and reduce heat
F．It’s helpful to be mindful of how your home interacts with the environment
G．It provides heating in winter and functions as an air-conditioning unit in summer
【08】（2023上·黑龙江大庆·高三肇州县第二中学校考阶段练习）
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Whether you’re traveling for business or pleasure, every trip needs a little planning. Things like flights and hotels have to be booked in advance. 36 As long as you allow yourself plenty of time to look around, compare prices, and make sure you have everything you need before you leave, you can plan a great travel experience.
Start planning 3-6 months in advance. 37 International trips can take months to plan properly. Likewise, trips during high seasons, such as summer or over the holidays, need to be booked further out than trips during low seasons.
_ 38 段首主题句Before you do anything, you need to know how much money you will have at your disposal. It’s easy to overspend when you’re traveling if you don’t plan ahead, so start your planning by breaking down how much you want to spend on transportation, food, lodging, sightseeing, nightlife, and any other activities you hope to include in your trip.
Pick a vacation destination that you will enjoy. If you’re traveling for pleasure, look for a destination that will be enjoyable for everyone going. Think about your interests and the interests of the people traveling with you, and consider destinations that work for everyone. 39 If you’re bringing kids, look for a destination that has kid-friendly activities.
Make meal plans before you go. You don’t need a restaurant reservation for every meal when you’re gone, but you should think about meal plans before you go. Think about what meals may be included with your accommodations. Does your hotel offer free breakfast 40
A．Set a travel budget.
B．Make an emergency kit.
C．Consider the age groups traveling with you.
D．Travel planning doesn’t have to be stressful, though.
E．If not, you may need to adjust your budget to include breakfast.
F．The further away you want to go, the sooner you should start planning.
G．No matter where you’re going, there are some things that are essential to pack.
【09】（2023上·贵州遵义·高三统考阶段练习）
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Tips for Saving Money
For many of us, spending comes naturally. 41 . This article will outline the following strategies for you.
Manage Your Spending. People often find they’re wasting funds on things they don’t need. 42 . Making use of a notebook or an expense-tracking app is recommendable, such as Clarity Money or Wally. And some apps even save for you. For example, the Acorns app links to your payment card, rounding up your purchases to the next dollar, and moving the difference into an investment account.
Focus on Major Expenses. Using coupons(优惠券)is fine, but you’ll save much more money by cutting funds on the biggest bills in your life. For most of us, that’s things like housing, insurance, and commuting costs. 43 . If you drive to work, there is a cheaper alternative, such as car pooling or working from home once a week.
Build Emergency Savings. Saving for a rainy day is essential for every family, which is the reason for emergency fund. 44 . Take a costly car repair, medical bill, or both, for example. An emergency fund can also tide you over for a while if you lose your job. To make it, devoting only 10% of your total income to emergency savings every month will help you achieve a large sum of money.
_ 45 段首主题句. You might want to dine out less often, try to get fewer wearings for your closet, or drive the old car for another year. But unless you enjoy living like a miser(守财奴)—and some people actually do—don’t deny yourself every last pleasure in life. The point of saving money is to build toward a financially secure future-not to make yourself unhappy in the here and now.
A．Don’t go crazy
B．Don’t save for pleasure
C．Saving, however, can take a little practice
D．To avoid this, it’s better to record every penny you spend
E．If you have a debt, you can save by purchasing products on sale
F．You can download money saving apps for things you really need
G．The fund should be enough to cover serious and unexpected cost
【10】（2023上·江苏泰州·高三姜堰中学校考期中）
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Benefits of sharing jokes as a family
A well-chosen joke can have a big impact when speaking to a crowd or attempting to redirect a tense meeting. 46 Our family started regularly enjoying jokes when my son began sharing the “Joke of the Day” read On the morning announcements his school with us at dinner. A burst of laughter prevents us from complaining about the menu. 47 The benefits of sharing jokes definitely go beyond mealtime conversation matter, though. Here are some reasons to make joking around a regular family habit:
_ 48 段首主题句Knowing a good joke can help a kid connect with other kids at the cafeteria table or start a conversation on the school bus. Enjoying jokes and practicing the art of humorous delivery in the safety of their home can give kids tools for social situations, especially if this is an area of difficulty.
Jokes improve language skills. 49 Consider the learning potential in these samples from Funology.com: “What do you call a cow that eats your grass A lawn mower.” “When is a door not a door When it’s ajar (半开着).”
Jokes encourage reading and learning. Many parents and teachers report that joke books help motivate their reluctant or struggling readers to read more. Since jokes, by design, are for sharing, reading them aloud is particularly good practice for kids who struggle with reading fluently. 50 If your child needs help remembering a difficult concept, a joke might do it. For instance, try another joke from Funology.com: “Two atoms are playing together when on tells the other, ‘I lost an electron.’ The second atom asks, ‘Are you sure ’ The first atom replies ‘I’m positive!’”
A．Jokes help kids build social relationships.
B．Jokes aren’t just for the public stage, though.
C．Humor can even help a person deal with mood disorders.
D．Studies show humor can make information more memorable, too.
E．Jokes are quick lessons about sounds in words and word meanings.
F．Humor encourages family connection and can help ease kids’ anxiety.
G．Also, it’s been a good chance to explain jokes he didn’t quite understand.
【11】（2023上·湖南常德·高三汉寿县第一中学校考阶段练习）
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Why Cooking Meals at Home Benefits More Than Just Your Wallet
When hunger strikes, the convenience of entering a fast-food restaurant or ordering takeout can be terribly attractive. 51 However, when it becomes a routine, your waistline, your wallet and your health can be badly affected. Here are four reasons to make cooking at home your option.
· It’s cheaper.
You could spend $100 at a fancy restaurant for one dinner, while the same amount of money could buy you groceries for a week. When you shop smart and get creative, you needn’t spend more than $1 on breakfast, $2 on lunch and $4 on dinner to purchase wholesome, healthy foods. Here’s how: 52
· It may reduce your exposure to certain chemicals.
The most surprising benefit of cooking at home can decrease the amount of harmful chemicals you’re exposed to. 53 Common in takeout and fast-food packaging, those chemicals have been associated with many diseases. Food packaging can also contain other damaging compounds (化合物).
·You can better estimate calories.
_ 54 段首过渡句That is why people tend to consume extra calories when dining away from home. On the contrary, you have complete control over the food materials when you cook in your own kitchen. Choosing fiber-packed vegetables and meat containing less fat will help keep your calories under control. So will the way you cook your food. Rather than frying, choose roasting.
· 55
Many chefs use a lot of salt while cooking. While salt can make food tastier, too much of it is linked to serious health issues like heart disease and high blood pressure. At home, you can control the quantity of salt on your plate by seasoning food in other ways, like using lemon juice. The same goes for sugar. You can use smaller quantities of natural sweeteners like honey to add sweetness to your food. Too much added sugar is linked to some diseases as well.
A．You can reduce added salt and sugar.
B．Eating out can make calorie counting tricky.
C．Buy in large quantities and stick to store-brand items.
D．Salt and sugar are both essentials in cooking delicious foods.
E．Relying on food away from home occasionally is totally acceptable.
F．People are always too engaged in their work to cook at home personally.
G．People cooking at home have lower levels of dangerous chemicals in their bodies.
【12】（2023上·山西·高三太原十二中校联考期中）
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Music can relax the mind, energize the body, and even help people better manage pain. 56 Music therapy (疗法) is an intervention sometimes used to promote emotional health, help patients cope with stress, and boost psychological well-being.
57
Research suggests that background music improves mental performance. Playing more positive music leads to improvements in processing speed. So next time you are working on a task, turn on a little music in the background for a boost in your mental performance.
Music can help you eat less.
Music can be a helpful weight-loss tool. To lose weight, listen to soft music and dim the lights. According to one study, people eating at low-lit restaurants where soft music was played consumed less food. 58 where participants may consume their food more slowly and feel full sooner.
Music can help you sleep better
_ 59 段首过渡句While there are many approaches to treating this problem, research has demonstrated that listening to relaxing classical music can be a safe, effective, and affordable therapy.
Music can help you manage pain
Research has shown that music can be very helpful in the management of pain. One study of fibromyalgia (纤维性肌痛) patients found that those who listened to music for one hour a day experienced a significant reduction in pain. 60
A．Music can reduce stress
B．Music can improve mental performance
C．The psychological effects of music can be powerful
D．Music and lighting help create a more relaxing setting
E．Some people enjoy listening to music before they go to sleep
F．Such a result suggests music therapy can help treat some diseases
G．Sleeplessness is a problem that affects people of different age groups
【13】（2023上·宁夏银川·高三银川二中校考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Keep Your Mind in Shape!
Mental fitness can be defined as having and maintaining a state of well-being and cultivating awareness of how we think, feel and behave 61 Here are some ways that might help you.
Meditation (冥想)
Meditation is one of the best forms of mental exercise. Meditation not only reduces the negative effects of the nervous system, but also enhances the “positive” nervous system by slowing down your heart rate, controlling your breathing, and maintaining your blood pressure. 62
Try something different
Trying new things in different ways can help the brain cells form new connections as well as maintain current ones. 63 Making changes can be as small as reading a new book or taking a different route home from work.These changes exercise your brain and keep your mental fitness sharp.
Stay positive
_ 64 段首过渡句Positive thoughts and feelings seem impossible to cultivate on your own, but your brain is much more capable than you think. With practice, you can push away all negative thoughts and feelings and allow yourself to be more confident and content.
65
The mind and body are interconnected. When one is imbalanced, the other feels the effects of that imbalance. Just as mindfulness can relax muscles and ease tension, physical exercise can relax the mind and relieve stress. Add some additional mindfulness to your workouts, and you may be able to interrupt the flow of anxiety-inducing (诱发) thoughts running through your mind.
A．Get physical exercise.
B．Balance body and mind.
C．What are the benefits of mental fitness.
D．How can you practice and improve mental fitness
E．It is also a great way to increase focus and stimulate creativity.
F．The more positive you are, the better your outlook on life will be.
G．Every time you have a new experience, your brain forms new brain cells.
【14】（2023上·甘肃·高三校考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
By making positive (积极的) changes in your life you can become better. However, it may be difficult sometimes to figure out how to do it. 66
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Recognize what areas you are lacking. For this you can ask a trusted friend or family member for help. Being unaware (不知道) of your weaknesses makes it hard for you to improve. The successful people know where they aren’t strong and they use their strengths to make up for it.
Quit a bad habit.
Quitting a bad habit is good for you. 68 . If you aren’t ready to quit your bad habits right away, start out with small steps. Find a trusted friend that can give you encouragement if you’re struggling.
Break up with negative (消极的) thinking.
_ 69 段首过渡句. This can have a bad influence on your life. Negative thinking really makes you down mentally and physically. Trying to think more positively helps you reduce stress and requires you to stop making excuses.
Treat others with kindness.
Showing other people that you care for them is a great way to be a better person. 70 .Something just like buying a coffee for your classmates can make a huge positive impact on their and your day.
A．Here are some quick and easy ways to help you become a better person. However, it may be difficult sometimes to figure out how to do it.
B．Take care of yourself.
C．Negative friends often complain about things.
D．Do you always see the negative side of things
E．It not only makes you a better person, but it makes you more confident.
F．Know your weaknesses.
G．Small acts of kindness will make other people feel better and lift your spirits as
【15】（2023上·陕西榆林·高三校考期中）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Moving your body regularly and often is a key to good health. But for people who don’t feel the urge to exercise, sitting can become a habit that hurts the body and the brain. Here are some easy tips that will invite more movement into your routines.
Budget in some mobile breaks.
_ 71 段首过渡句For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect yourself to get up for 10 minutes and move around. Schools and workplaces can be creative about building those breaks into the day.
Give yourself prompts (提示).
Are you forgetting to get up 72 Let it remind you to “break up” an hour of sitting with short breaks for something simple, says Aaron Kandola at University College London. For example, you might use the short break to empty the dishwasher or pick up the dog’s toys.
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“If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just TATI in Baltimore. If the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a bit. 74 For example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes include Star Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.
Use the partner system.
Work with friends to remind each other to stand up and stretch. Or remind each other to stand when you’re on the phone. Get your family involved, too. Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they often stand to reach for something or even jump during the games. 75
A．Seek for challenges.
B．Work with what you have.
C．Set an alarm clock if you have to.
D．Or try short online exercise videos.
E．No one sits still for long, she says.
F．Make a conscious effort and set simple goals
G．Exercise videos help them to realize their health goals
【16】（2023·浙江温州·统考一模）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A majority of the people do not read the classics. Their reasons begin with the language being too difficult and end with the storyline to distant to the present context. Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. 76 We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic
Don’t be afraid to be confused.
We get it: it’s hard to power through confusion. It doesn’t feel great when a book makes you feel confused. Every reader has to start somewhere. 77 Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn.
Research, research, research.
_ 78 段首过渡句Researching the author-and the time and place they were writing about-can help you situate yourself during tricky passages. The author’s experience, viewpoint, and historical context might help you make the connections you might not have otherwise.
Just pick the book up.
This step is self-explanatory. While it’s not hard to just pick a book up, we know how difficult it can be to convince yourself to do so. 79 Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula.
Remember: there is no right answer.
There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process. 80 Even if your interpretation of the work isn’t quite perfect, it is still valuable!
A．It is a gradual affair.
B．Allow the book to grow with you.
C．It has some form of historical influence.
D．Before you turn to page one, do some digging.
E．Never beat yourself up for not knowing something.
F．Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity.
G．Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically.
【17】（2023上·海南省直辖县级单位·高三校考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While everyone feels lonely at times, being alone too much can negatively affect your physical and emotional health. Studies have found that loneliness can be just as harmful to your health as smoking 15 cigarettes per day. 81 . Here is something you can do right away when you feel lonely.
·Acknowledge that you’re feeling alone
Admitting feeling alone doesn’t mean you’re a loser or you’re weak. 82 . So simply putting a name to loneliness might help your brain make sense of how you’re feeling and instantly help you feel a little less lonely.
· 83
When you are feeling alone, sometimes it’s easier to connect with old friends than it is to make new ones. Perhaps you have lost touch with your college roommates over the years. You might reach out and see how they’re doing. Talk about how you’ve missed being able to catch up and say that you’d like to reconnect.
·Join a group or club
_ 84 段首过渡句. From book clubs and community service projects to hiking groups and business societies, you will likely discover there are many ways to connect with people in your area.
·Learn something new
Getting excited about something you’re learning— whether it’s a new language or a new skill— might help when you are feeling alone. 85 .
A．It just means you’re human
B．Connect with people from your past
C．Address how you feel about being lonely
D．Loneliness is also linked with cognitive decline
E．It also might open up doors to meeting new people
F．Look for community activities that might be a good fit for you
G．It isn’t unusual to be alone and feel that you have few or no close friends
【18】（2023上·云南·高三云南师大附中校考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
To attract more students, colleges offer an abundance of resources to prepare students for a fulfilling life. 86 . So the schools’ administrators have designed programs to help you make the most of your college life, ranging from advice on course selection to extra assistance for your well-being.
Library
Though it may be tempting to study in your room in bed, under the covers, try the library. Most libraries have a wide range of study spaces, from solo-occupant study carrels to lounge areas designed for group work. 87 Once you’ve found a few favorite spots, make them part of your studying routine.
Academic Advising
_ 88 段首过渡句. However, an academic advisor can simplify the process. During your freshman year, you may be assigned an advisor to help you make your first academic decisions. In the years that follow, you’ll likely have various advisors whose jobs are to make sure you graduate on time. 89 , not just when your schedule needs approval. They have deep insight into courses, professors, and opportunities on campus and the better they know you, the more valuable the advice and support they’ll be able to provide.
Health Center
You already know you can go to the health center when you feel sick, but do you know that most health centers also provide resources to improve students’ well-being To help students destress, many schools offer wellness programs, including yoga, meditation, and even visits from therapy dogs. The health center is there to support your mental health as well as your physical health. Counseling is available for all students. Remember that no problem is too big or too small. 90 .
With the help from all these, your college life must be enjoyable and fulfilling.
A．A successful graduate is the best advertising
B．Balancing college life with career planning is no easy task
C．Test them all out to see which environment works best for you
D．Your counselor can provide support any time you feel overwhelmed
E．Get ahead of the game by making your first appointment early in the year
F．Selecting courses and meeting graduation requirements may seem complicated
G．Get to know the advisors by arranging meetings with them throughout the semester
【19】（2023上·山东泰安·高三统考期中）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Breaking the Habit of People-Pleasing
If you feel like you may be a people-pleaser, you’re not alone. Most people have a growing desire for pleasing others. 91 It can also result in weak boundaries, problems with decision-making, and low self-worth. For that reason, it’s important to recognize and overcome your own people-pleasing behaviors. Here are simple exercises that you can start working on today.
1. Practice being alone
92 Trust that people will not abandon you, even if you don’t drop everything for them. Believe you are lovable for who you are, not what you do. Practice this by going to a movie or restaurant alone.
2. Keep plans with yourself
_ 93 段首过渡句Otherwise, you are sending a message to your brain that a plan you make with yourself does not hold as much value as a plan you make with someone else. Don’t break any plans you make with yourself, whether it’s going to the gym or studying for an exam.
3. Practice saying “no”
If you’re a people-pleaser you may find it hard to say “no” because you feel it comes across as cruel or uncaring. 94 Be clear, be direct, and use “I” statements. Try statements like: “I would really love to be able to help you, but unfortunately, I’m already committed at that time.”
By consistently integrating these strategies into your life, I’m confident you’ll break your people-pleasing habits. 95 This will yield an overall improvement in self-confidence and life satisfaction.
A．So it is not necessary to say no.
B．But it absolutely does not have to.
C．Learn to love your own company.
D．You’ll develop more healthy, interdependent relationships.
E．You are not confident about the plans you make with yourself.
F．Your own plans are as important as plans you make with others.
G．People-pleasing behavior can lead to mental and physical problems.
【20】（2023上·河南·高三校联考阶段练习）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an era when our heads are always in our phones and time is a precious commodity, our relationships with our neighbors perhaps aren’t what they used to be. So, if you’ re going to be around your neighbors, here are some ways to make sure you’ re being a good one, according to etiquette (礼仪) experts.
96
According to the director of the Australian School of Etiquette, Zarife Hardy, do the thing so many of us seem to be avoiding these days: introduce yourself. “Talk to your neighbors. 97 ,” Hardy says, acknowledging is not only the right thing to do, but it can also work in your favor eventually. “If you find yourself solo parenting at any stage, you will be less frustrated by fighting siblings because you know there is outside help available.”
Be a good sport (讲交情)
“ 98 ,” Hardy says. “Your new blower awaits you in the garage; you’ve tidied your driveway, paths and garden to your heart’s content. While you’re at it, clear your neighbor’s footpath. You have had a great vegetable season, and share your harvest with your neighbor.”
Personal space
_ 99 段首过渡句. More than that, Hardy says it’s not appropriate for children or pets to run free on other people’s property without permission. “Make sure your children are familiar with these rules and make sure any pets don’t use their yard,” he says.
Keep the volume down
Hardy says keeping the volume down would “be the number-one neighbourly complaint”. “Loud footsteps, using the lawn mower before 9 a.m., talking loudly and pumping music are bad manners,” he says. “If you are going to have a party, let your neighbors know ahead of time and let them know what time the party will be finishing so they’ll know when to expect some quiet time. 100 .”
A．Get to know them
B．Don’t be a stranger
C．Never park your car on the grass
D．If it’s possible, you should always invite them
E．Proper etiquette would be to call before visiting
F．Treat your neighbors as you would have them treat you
G．The best tip for you is to chat or knock on your neighbor’s door
