2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】
专题26阅读理解七选五段中句类讲义（考情+技法+真题+模拟）解析版
【近年高考考情】
年份 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 选项特征 字数
2023 新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1 完整句 247+82
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 完整句 261+63
全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1 3 1 完整句 252+51
全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4 1 有残缺句 282+69
2022 新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 完整句 257+76
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1 4 0 完整句 237+74
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3 1 有残缺句 230+87
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3 1 1 有残缺句 248+76
2021 新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 完整句 270+83
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1 2 2 完整句 250+75
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1 4 0 有残缺句 261+49
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会上如何变得有趣 2 2 1 有残缺句 255+81
2020 新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 公开演讲的一些原则 1 3 1 完整句 235+73
全国I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我接纳小技巧 1 3 1 完整句 252+41
全国II卷 说明文 人与社会 表情符号与职场交流 1 3 1 有残缺句 225+77
全国III卷 说明文 人与社会 乔迁聚会相关知识 2 2 1 完整句 248+86
【实用解题妙招】
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
1.选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
2.话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
题型一段中瞻前型
从2020到2023年高考考情统计表和高三教学实际来看，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。
考例1 (2023 新高考II卷) 40题
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
…
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
37题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
分析设空处，空处位于段落第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合语境，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
考例2 (2021 新高考I卷) 37题
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
37题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
上文“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing worked.(与普通的巴黎公寓不同，水管工作正常)”说明作者租的公寓的情况，C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”继续说明公寓的配置，承接上文，符合题意。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”继续说明公寓的配置，承接上文，符合题意。故选C项。
题型二 段中顾后型
考例3 (2023 全国乙卷)36题
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
37题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型，同时该句并不完整属于残缺句。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
此处空白处与下文构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
考例4 (2021 全国甲卷)37题
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 37 , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
37题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型，同时该句并不完整属于残缺句。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少。故答案是A。
题型三 段中瞻前顾后型
考例5 (2023 新高考I卷)39题
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36 It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
37题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
注意选项和文本同义转换：put the heading=list, personal strengths= characteristics you like about yourself. 选项B “Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
考例6 (2023 新高考II卷) 40题
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
…
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
40题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
分析设空处，空处位于段落第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合上下文，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
考例7 (2023 全国甲卷) 40题
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 38 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
38题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合语境，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【高考真题再练】
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2022新高考II卷 说明文 写文章好修改的建议 312 6.0 min 1 4 0
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
36 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 37 Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 39 As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 40 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2020新高考卷 说明文 公开演讲的一些原则 308 6.0 min 1 3 1
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___36___Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking. ” ___37___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___38___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___39___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___40___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!“” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2019全国Ⅰ卷 说明文 呼吸新鲜空气对人体好处 333 6.5 min 2 3 0
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 1 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
2 If the air you’re breathing is clean — which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities — then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). 3 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 4 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
5 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D — but still protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
Passage 2
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2019全国IⅠ卷 说明文 如何激发动机并实现目标 332 6.5 min 1 4 0
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump ” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 1 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
2 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
Passage 3
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2019全国IIⅠ卷 说明文 上在线课程两大注意事项 287 6 min 1 4 0
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 1 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (逻辑) of each to their particular circumstance.
Do’s
● 2 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.
●Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 3 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don’ts
●Don’t share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 4
●Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 5 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That’s what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do’s and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【名校好题强化】
【01】（2023上·陕西西安·高三长安一中校考期中）
One of the primary goals of cognitive behavioral therapy (疗法) is finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action. The best possible one is under the care of an experienced mental health care provider. Still, if you are hoping to stop being paralyzed (麻痹) by anxiety and use this energy to fuel and improve your life, you can. 1
Set a goal. Goal-setting is one way to use your anxiety as fuel. Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries. What are you most concerned about 2 Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a plan that allows you to overcome these fears.
Challenge yourself regularly to build resilience. Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle. 3 Rather than avoiding those situations that cause anxiety, gradually expose yourself to them more often. When you do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power. For instance, if you hate public speaking, you might benefit from signing up for a local Toastmasters club. Doing so will allow you to practice speaking in front of a group more often, which will reduce your anxiety.
4 Anxiety can feel like a live wire in your body. You can’t sit still or focus. Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy. Exercise offers a host of benefits like fighting off illness and helping you manage weight. One of the benefits most helpful to you, however, is its ability to neutralize anxiety and improve your mood.
Perform reality testing. You don’t have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts, giving them permission to get you all worked up. 5 Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking. To assess the reality of this situation, you want to ask what evidence is there that says this is true. Did your friends actually call you lame Are they avoiding you
A．Put them to the test instead.
B．What are your biggest fears
C．Burn off nervous energy with physical activity.
D．When you find yourself becoming anxious, check your thought patterns
E．Just transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies.
F．How can you deal with getting fired if it does happen
G．The more you use the muscle, the stronger it becomes.
1．E 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章旨在教育读者如何将焦虑转化为行动，从而改善生活质量和增强心理韧性。
1．根据上文“finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action(找到有效的方法将你的焦虑转化为富有成效的行动。)”可知，此处上下文说的是找到方法将焦虑转化为行动，与E项“Just transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies(使用积极的策略将焦虑转化为行动)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
2．根据上文“Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries.( 注意你焦虑的想法和担忧。)”以及下文“Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a plan that allows you to overcome these fears.(与其坐立不安，不如着手制定一个计划，让你克服这些恐惧。)”可推理出，空白处表示的是要找到你最害怕的东西，与B项“What are your biggest fears (你最害怕的是什么？)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
3．根据上文“Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle.(把你对焦虑的抵抗力想象成一块肌肉。)”以及下文“When you do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power.(当你这样做的时候，你会发现，随着时间的推移，它们会失去力量。)”可知，此处上下文说的是把对焦虑的抵抗力想象成肌肉，在不断的锻炼中让焦虑失去力量，使你对焦虑的抵抗力越来越强，分析选项，G项“The more you use the muscle, the stronger it becomes.(你把肌肉用得越多，它就越强壮)”表达的含义符合语境，故选G项。
4．根据下文“Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy.(锻炼是一项利用这些多余能量的好活动)”可知此处上下文说的是通过锻炼消耗多余的能量，与C项“Burn off nervous energy with physical activity(通过体育活动消耗神经能量)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
5．根据上文“You don’t have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts(你不必成为焦虑思想的奴隶)”以及下文“Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking(现实测试包括评估一种情况下的思维错误)”可知，此处上下文说的是不要受制于焦虑，而是将它转化为对现实情况进行测试，与A项“Put them to the test instead(改为对它们进行测试)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
【02】（2023上·四川成都·高三树德中学校考阶段练习）
Teamwork is important in any workplace, and effective teamwork is the key to productivity. What improves teamwork and makes a team successful Read the tips below to find out.
Appoint a strong leader
A team has no direction without a leader. 6 . This leader must also prioritize team goals over individual goals, ensuring they are committed to getting the job done.
Clarify all responsibilities
From the moment the team is formed, particular attention must be paid to assigning direct responsibilities to each member. 7 . This is an important step to make before going deeper into the project so that everyone is on the same page. If everyone is clear on what they are responsible for producing, it helps prevent people doing the same thing and less desirable tasks being avoided.
8
Each team will comprise a range of people from diverse backgrounds. It is important to set common goals the team is working towards so that the focus always remains on the finished product. Each team member must understand that personal goals must be set aside and team goals must remain the focus. 9 .
Encourage open communication
Encouraging team members to be forthcoming about their ideas is important for the success of the team. 10 . It is also important to establish two-way communication of information between both different team members, as well as between team members and their manager.
A．Set common goals
B．Be willing to help others
C．As the well-known saying goes, “There is no I in team”
D．If these are set from the beginning, there will be no issues of authority
E．It is vital that this person is capable and efficient at giving out tasks
F．When team members feel that they can contribute ideas, there is more creativity and innovation
G．This may mean contributing to tasks that are perhaps below your level, but the overall goal must be kept in mind
6．E 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章关于如何提高团队合作并使团队成功给予一些建议。
6．上文“A team has no direction without a leader. (团队没有领导就没有方向。)”说明团队中领导的重要性，选项E“这个人有能力并且有效率地分配任务是至关重要的”承接上文，强调领导能力的重要性。选项中this person指上文中的a leader。故选E项。
7．上文“From the moment the team is formed, particular attention must be paid to assigning direct responsibilities to each member. (从组建团队的那一刻起，就必须特别注意将直接责任分配给每个成员。)”说明开始建立团队时就应该分配好责任，选项D“如果这些从一开始就部署好了，就不会有授权的问题”承接上文，是上文的结果。故选D项。
8．下文“Each team will comprise a range of people from diverse backgrounds. It is important to set common goals the team is working towards so that the focus always remains on the finished product. (每个团队将由来自不同背景的人组成。设定团队正在努力实现的共同目标非常重要，这样才能始终将注意力集中在最终产品上。)”说明设定团队的共同目标是非常重要的，选项A“设定共同的目标”概括了本段主题，适合做小标题。故选A项。
9．上文“Each team member must understand that personal goals must be set aside and team goals must remain the focus. (每个团队成员必须明白，个人目标必须放在一边，团队目标必须始终是重点。)”说明要关注团队目标，个人目标要放一边，选项C“正如一句著名的谚语所说，‘团队中没有我’”用谚语说明团队中要把个人目标放一边。故选C项。
10．上文“Encouraging team members to be forthcoming about their ideas is important for the success of the team. (鼓励团队成员坦率地表达他们的想法对于团队的成功是很重要的。)”说明鼓励团队成员积极表达自己的想法是很重要的，选项F“当团队成员觉得他们可以贡献想法时，就会有更多的创造力和创新”承接上文，是上文的结果。故选F项。
【03】（2023上·陕西榆林·高三校考阶段练习）
From difficult bosses to potential layoffs, work can be full of challenging situations. You may wonder whether to step back from your career and further your education to better your life. 11 , because it’s such a personal decision and many factors are involved. Here are some questions to consider to help guide your decision.
Do I have the necessary resources (财力) to make this happen
12 Is that impact acceptable to you For example, if you have to take out loans to cover your expenses, you might want to get clear on how much debt you’re willing to take on to get that degree.
13
You may be better served by professional certificates, or conferences, instead of a college degree. Wait until you’ve done some research and know what would best suit you, Reach out to your network to see if you can identify people who are already in the positions you desire to be in. Ask them what types of training programs they would recommend.
Do I know what to go back to school for
What type of program/ degree would best serve your interests 14 . The right program for you may not be immediately obvious. You’ll want to know which program will impact your earning potential most based on the specific positions and goals you’re trying to achieve.
Is it really education that’s holding me back, and not something else
If you’re sure it’s schooling, then maybe it really is time to go back. However, make sure you know it’s not other factors like company culture. Going back to school is a big undertaking, so you have to make sure it’s the right solution. 15 .
A．Is it too late to go back to school
B．What options make the most sense
C．You will be trained for good paying jobs
D．Not all education programs will do that equally
E．How will further education impact your resources
F．It’s tough to determine if more education is necessary
G．If it’s company culture, find a new organization that suits you
11．F 12．E 13．B 14．D 15．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。面对职场困境，通过回校深造来改善现状需慎重对待。对此，文章提出了不同的审视角度。
11．根据空后“because it’s such a personal decision and many factors are involved (因为这是一个个人的决定，涉及到许多因素)”可知，本空要说跟“决定”有关的话题，F项“It’s tough to determine if more education is necessary (是否有必要继续深造是一个艰难的抉择)”能引起下文，符合题意。F项中的“determine”与空后的“decision”相对应。故选F。
12．根据本节主题句“Do I have the necessary resources (财力) to make this happen (我有必要的财力来实现这个目标吗 )”及空后“Is that impact acceptable to you For example, if you have to take out loans to cover your expenses, you might want to get clear on how much debt you’re willing to take on to get that degree. (你能接受这种影响吗 例如，如果你必须贷款来支付你的开支，你可能想要弄清楚你愿意承担多少债务来获得学位。)”可知，本空要说跟“财力”有关的话题，E项“How will further education impact your resources (继续教育将如何影响你的财力)”能承上启下，符合题意。E项中的“resources”与空前的“resources”相对应。故选E。
13．根据本节下文“Wait until you’ve done some research and know what would best suit you, Reach out to your network to see if you can identify people who are already in the positions you desire to be in. Ask them what types of training programs they would recommend.(等到你做了一些研究，知道什么最适合你的时候，接触你的人际网络，看看你是否能找到已经在你想要的职位上的人。询问他们会推荐什么样的培训项目。)”可知，本段主要讲述如何做选择，故B项“What options make the most sense (什么选择最有意义)”适合作本节主题句。故选B。
14．根据空前“What type of program/degree would best serve your interests (什么类型的课程或学位最符合你的兴趣？)”及空后“The right program for you may not be immediately obvious. (适合你的课程可能不会立即显而易见。)”可知，本空要说跟“课程”有关的话题，D项“Not all education programs will do that equally (并非所有的教育课程都同样适合你)”能承上启下，符合题意。D项中的“programs”与空前的“program”相对应。故选D。
15．根据本节主题句“Is it really education that’s holding me back, and not something else (真的是教育阻碍了我，而不是其他什么吗？)”及空前“However, make sure you know it’s not other factors like company culture. (然而，要确保你知道这不是其他因素，比如公司文化。)”可知，本空要说跟“公司文化”有关的话题，G项“If it’s company culture, find a new organization that suits you (如果是公司文化(的原因)，那就另找一家适合自己的工作单位)”能承上启下，符合题意。G项中的“company culture”与空后的“company culture”相对应。故选G。
【04】（2023上·湖南常德·高三汉寿县第一中学校考阶段练习）
Why Cooking Meals at Home Benefits More Than Just Your Wallet
When hunger strikes, the convenience of entering a fast-food restaurant or ordering takeout can be terribly attractive. 16 However, when it becomes a routine, your waistline, your wallet and your health can be badly affected. Here are four reasons to make cooking at home your option.
· It’s cheaper.
You could spend $100 at a fancy restaurant for one dinner, while the same amount of money could buy you groceries for a week. When you shop smart and get creative, you needn’t spend more than $1 on breakfast, $2 on lunch and $4 on dinner to purchase wholesome, healthy foods. Here’s how: 17
· It may reduce your exposure to certain chemicals.
The most surprising benefit of cooking at home can decrease the amount of harmful chemicals you’re exposed to. 18 Common in takeout and fast-food packaging, those chemicals have been associated with many diseases. Food packaging can also contain other damaging compounds (化合物).
·You can better estimate calories.
19 That is why people tend to consume extra calories when dining away from home. On the contrary, you have complete control over the food materials when you cook in your own kitchen. Choosing fiber-packed vegetables and meat containing less fat will help keep your calories under control. So will the way you cook your food. Rather than frying, choose roasting.
· 20
Many chefs use a lot of salt while cooking. While salt can make food tastier, too much of it is linked to serious health issues like heart disease and high blood pressure. At home, you can control the quantity of salt on your plate by seasoning food in other ways, like using lemon juice. The same goes for sugar. You can use smaller quantities of natural sweeteners like honey to add sweetness to your food. Too much added sugar is linked to some diseases as well.
A．You can reduce added salt and sugar.
B．Eating out can make calorie counting tricky.
C．Buy in large quantities and stick to store-brand items.
D．Salt and sugar are both essentials in cooking delicious foods.
E．Relying on food away from home occasionally is totally acceptable.
F．People are always too engaged in their work to cook at home personally.
G．People cooking at home have lower levels of dangerous chemicals in their bodies.
16．E 17．C 18．G 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在家做饭的好处。
16．根据空前内容“When hunger strikes, the convenience of entering a fast-food restaurant or ordering takeout can be terribly attractive.(当饥饿来袭时，进入快餐店或叫外卖的便利可能非常有吸引力。)”可知，饥饿的时候叫外卖非常有吸引力。而空后内容“However, when it becomes a routine, your waistline, your wallet and your health can be badly affected.(然而，当它成为一种习惯，你的腰围，你的钱包和你的健康可能会受到严重影响。)”则表明外卖对我们的钱包、身体都有影响。选项E“Relying on food away from home occasionally is totally acceptable.(偶尔在外面吃点东西是完全可以接受的。)”承上启下，承接上文的内容，指出偶尔出去吃是可以的；同时引出下文经常在外面吃饭并没有好处。故选E。
17．根据上文内容“When you shop smart and get creative, you needn’t spend more than $1 on breakfast, $2 on lunch and $4 on dinner to purchase wholesome, healthy foods.(当你聪明购物并且有创意时，你不需要在早餐上花超过1美元，在午餐上花2美元，在晚餐上花4美元来购买健康的食物。)”可知，上文提到的是其实不需要花很多钱在吃饭上。而空前内容“Here’s how(方法如下：)”则暗示，空处为具体操作方法。选项C“Buy in large quantities and stick to store-brand items.(大量购买，坚持购买商店品牌的商品。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是聪明购物。故选C。
18．根据上文内容“The most surprising benefit of cooking at home can decrease the amount of harmful chemicals you’re exposed to.(在家做饭最令人惊讶的好处是可以减少你接触的有害化学物质的数量。)”可知，在家做饭可以减少你接触的有害化学物质的数量。选项G“People cooking at home have lower levels of dangerous chemicals in their bodies.(在家做饭的人体内的危险化学物质含量较低。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是在家做饭可以减少接触有害化学物质。故选G。
19．根据空后内容“That is why people tend to consume extra calories when dining away from home.(这就是为什么人们在外出就餐时往往会摄入额外的卡路里。)”可知，空后指的是人们在外面就餐时摄入的卡路里较多。选项B“Eating out can make calorie counting tricky.(外出就餐会让计算卡路里变得棘手。)”与下文内容一致，指的都是在外面就餐摄入的卡路里较多。故选B。
20．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Many chefs use a lot of salt while cooking. While salt can make food tastier, too much of it is linked to serious health issues like heart disease and high blood pressure. At home, you can control the quantity of salt on your plate by seasoning food in other ways, like using lemon juice. The same goes for sugar. You can use smaller quantities of natural sweeteners like honey to add sweetness to your food. Too much added sugar is linked to some diseases as well.(许多厨师在烹饪时使用大量的盐。虽然盐可以使食物更美味，但过多的盐会导致心脏病和高血压等严重的健康问题。在家里，你可以通过其他方式调味食物来控制盘子里的盐量，比如用柠檬汁。糖也是如此。你可以使用少量的天然甜味剂，比如蜂蜜来增加食物的甜味。过多的添加糖也与一些疾病有关。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是在家做饭可以减少盐和糖的使用。选项A“You can reduce added salt and sugar.(你可以减少添加的盐和糖。)”正是本段主要内容。故选A。
【05】 （2023上·江苏南京·高三校联考期中）The benefits of positive emotions never stop after a few minutes of good feelings go back to normal. 21 It will serve to build skills and develop resources for use later in life. Let’s consider a real world example.
A child who runs around outside, swinging on branches and playing with friends, develops the ability to move athletically (physical skills), the ability to play with others and communicate with a team (social skills), and the ability to explore and examine the world around them (creative skills). 22
These skills last much longer than the emotions that initiated them. Years later, that foundation of athletic movement might develop into a scholarship as a college athlete or the communication skills may turn into a job offer as a business manager. The happiness that promoted the exploration and creation of new skills has long since ended. 23 Researchers refer to this as the “broaden and build” theory because positive emotions broaden your sense of possibilities and open your mind, which in turn allows you to build new skills and resources that can provide value in other areas of your life.
24 Why Because building skills for future use is irrelevant when there is immediate threat or danger (like the tiger on the path). All of this research boils down to the fact that positive thinking is so useful for developing valuable skills and appreciating the Big Picture of life.
But how can you get yourself to be positive in your life 25 You probably know what things work well for you. Maybe it’s playing the guitar. Maybe it’s spending time with a certain person.
A．Negative emotions do the opposite.
B．However, the skills themselves live on.
C．But many of us look at things negatively.
D．The biggest benefit is an improved ability.
E．That is why the “broaden and build” theory is valuable.
F．In this way, positive emotions help to build valuable skills.
G．Anything arousing feelings of joy, contentment, and love will do the trick.
21．D 22．F 23．B 24．A 25．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了积极情绪对身心所带来的好处，并呼吁人们在制定日常生活计划时，应该考虑一下放松的时间。
21．上文“The benefits of positive emotions never stop after a few minutes of good feelings go back to normal.(在几分钟的良好情绪恢复正常后，积极情绪的好处永远不会停止)”说明积极情绪会有持久的好处，以及下文“It will serve to build skills and develop resources for use later in life.(它将有助于培养技能和开发资源，供日后使用)”说明积极情绪可以有助于培养技能，D项“最大的好处是提高了能力”承接上文，并引出下文内容，符合题意。故选D。
22．上文“A child who runs around outside, swinging on branches and playing with friends, develops the ability to move athletically (physical skills), the ability to play with others and communicate with a team (social skills), and the ability to explore and examine the world around them (creative skills).(孩子在外面跑来跑去，在树枝上荡来荡去，和朋友一起玩，培养运动能力（身体技能），与他人玩耍和与团队沟通的能力（社交技能），以及探索和审视周围世界的能力（创造性技能）)”说明孩子在外面玩可以培养各种不同的能力和有价值的技能，F项中skills是关键词，F项“通过这种方式，积极的情绪有助于培养有价值的技能。”承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
23．上文“The happiness that promoted the exploration and creation of new skills has long since ended.(促进新技能探索和创造的快乐早已结束)”说明促进技能的积极情绪没有了，B项“然而，这些技能本身仍然存在。”说明技能仍然存在，与上文形成转折关系，符合本段主旨“These skills last much longer than the emotions that initiated them.(这些技能比引发它们的情绪持续的时间长得多)”题意。故选B。
24．上文“Researchers refer to this as the “broaden and build” theory because positive emotions broaden your sense of possibilities and open your mind, which in turn allows you to build new skills and resources that can provide value in other areas of your life.(研究人员称之为“拓宽和构建”理论，因为积极的情绪拓宽了你对可能性的感知，打开了你的思维，这反过来又让你能够培养新的技能和资源，为你生活的其他领域提供价值)”以及下文“Because building skills for future use is irrelevant when there is immediate threat or danger (like the tiger on the path). (因为当存在直接威胁或危险（比如路上的老虎）时，培养未来使用的技能是无关紧要的)”说明积极情绪与消极情绪形成对比，消极情绪的作用是相反的，A项“消极情绪的作用恰恰相反。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
25．上文“But how can you get yourself to be positive in your life (但是你怎样才能让自己在生活中变得积极呢？)”提出问题，G项“任何唤起快乐、满足和爱的感觉都会奏效。”说明让自己在生活中变得积极的方法，回答上文的问题，符合题意。故选G。
【06】（2023上·广东东莞·高三东莞市东莞中学校联考期中）
When you hear your friend passed an exam that you had failed earlier, will you share her happiness If you can feel the joy, congratulations! 26 Studies found that Freudenfreude contributes to kind acts, such as helping others. Celebrating the personal victories of other people can bring on more of our own.
27 Sometimes, your loss might really sting, making Freudenfreude feel out of reach. If you were raised in a family that paired winning with self-worth, you might misread someone else’s victory as your own personal shortcoming. And factors such as mental health and overall wellbeing can also affect your ability to participate in someone else’s joy. 28
One way to summon good feelings for others is to ask questions. You don’t need to wait for someone else’s good news to exercise Freudenfreude. Cultivate joy by inviting others to share their victories. 29 When you speak with them, be sure to maintain eye contact and listen attentively. This should motivate you to keep going and make you feel as if your efforts will pay off.
Because emotions are contagious (有感染力的), showing appreciation can also increase Freudenfroude. You can think of Freudenfreude as something you can spread when you’re experiencing personal joy. 30 Start by sharing your win, then tell the other person how you appreciate their help. Practicing gratitude is like sharing dessert: Both parties enjoy the sweetness of the moment, which enhances Freudenfreude for them both.
A．It is a term that describes the joy we feel when someone else succeeds.
B．You might ask: “what’s the best thing that happened to you this week ”
C．To do this, try giving others credit for their support that leads to your own.
D．While the benefits of Freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily.
E．To better understand Freudenfreude, it is important to realize that it is a win-win.
F．Still, generating Freudenfreude is worthwhile and there are ways to encourage the feeling.
G．Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call Freudenfreude.
26．G 27．D 28．F 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主介绍了乐他人之幸的意义和方法。
26．空后“Studies found that Freudenfreude contributes to kind acts, such as helping others.(研究发现，乐他人之幸有助于善良的行为，比如帮助别人)”说明了乐他人之幸的好处，空格处应该引出“乐他人之幸”这个概念，G选项“Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call Freudenfreude.(从别人的好运中寻找快乐就是社会科学家所说的“乐他人之幸”)”引出了“乐他人之幸”这个概念，符合语境，故选G。
27．空格处是本段主题句，由空后“Sometimes, your loss might really sting, making Freudenfreude feel out of reach. If you were raised in a family that paired winning with self-worth, you might misread someone else’s victory as your own personal shortcoming. And factors such as mental health and overall wellbeing can also affect your ability to participate in someone else’s joy.(有时候，你的损失可能真的很刺痛，让你觉得自己遥不可及。如果你成长在一个把胜利和自我价值结合在一起的家庭，你可能会把别人的胜利误认为是你自己的缺点。心理健康和整体幸福感等因素也会影响你参与他人快乐的能力)”可知，本段主要讲的是“乐他人之幸”并不容易实现，D选项“While the benefits of Freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily.(虽然“乐他人之幸”的好处很多，但它并不总是来得容易)”说明“乐他人之幸”不容易实现，因此概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
28．由空后一段的“One way to summon good feelings for others is to ask questions.(唤起对他人的好的感觉的一个方法是问问题)”可知，空后要讲实现“乐他人之幸”的方法，空格处应该是引起下文，F选项“Still, generating Freudenfreude is worthwhile and there are ways to encourage the feeling.(尽管如此，产生“乐他人之幸”是值得的，而且有一些方法可以鼓励这种感觉)”说明了有方法可以让人乐他人之幸，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
29．空前“One way to summon good feelings for others is to ask questions. You don’t need to wait for someone else’s good news to exercise Freudenfreude. Cultivate joy by inviting others to share their victories.(唤起对他人的好的感觉的一个方法是问问题。你不需要等待别人的好消息来锻炼你的“乐他人之幸”。通过邀请他人分享他们的胜利来培养快乐)”说明乐他人之幸的一个方法是问问题，空格处应该具体说明该问什么样的问题，B选项“You might ask: “what’s the best thing that happened to you this week ”(你可能会问：“本周发生在你身上最好的事情是什么？”)”举出了实际例子，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
30．空前“You can think of Freudenfreude as something you can spread when you’re experiencing personal joy.(你可以把乐他人之幸想象成当你经历个人快乐时可以传播的东西)”说明你可以把乐他人之幸想象成当你经历个人快乐时可以传播的东西，空后“Start by sharing your win, then tell the other person how you appreciate their help.(从分享你的胜利开始，然后告诉别人你是多么感激他们的帮助)”是具体的做法，因此空格处应该说该怎么做，C选项“To do this, try giving others credit for their support that leads to your own.(要做到这一点，试着把别人的支持归功于你自己)”说明的是笼统的做法，后文是具体的做法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【07】（2023上·宁夏银川·高三银川二中校考阶段练习）
Keep Your Mind in Shape!
Mental fitness can be defined as having and maintaining a state of well-being and cultivating awareness of how we think, feel and behave 31 Here are some ways that might help you.
Meditation (冥想)
Meditation is one of the best forms of mental exercise. Meditation not only reduces the negative effects of the nervous system, but also enhances the “positive” nervous system by slowing down your heart rate, controlling your breathing, and maintaining your blood pressure. 32
Try something different
Trying new things in different ways can help the brain cells form new connections as well as maintain current ones. 33 Making changes can be as small as reading a new book or taking a different route home from work.These changes exercise your brain and keep your mental fitness sharp.
Stay positive
34 Positive thoughts and feelings seem impossible to cultivate on your own, but your brain is much more capable than you think. With practice, you can push away all negative thoughts and feelings and allow yourself to be more confident and content.
35
The mind and body are interconnected. When one is imbalanced, the other feels the effects of that imbalance. Just as mindfulness can relax muscles and ease tension, physical exercise can relax the mind and relieve stress. Add some additional mindfulness to your workouts, and you may be able to interrupt the flow of anxiety-inducing (诱发) thoughts running through your mind.
A．Get physical exercise.
B．Balance body and mind.
C．What are the benefits of mental fitness.
D．How can you practice and improve mental fitness
E．It is also a great way to increase focus and stimulate creativity.
F．The more positive you are, the better your outlook on life will be.
G．Every time you have a new experience, your brain forms new brain cells.
31．D 32．E 33．G 34．F 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种保持大脑健康的方法。
31．上文“Mental fitness can be defined as having and maintaining a state of well-being and cultivating awareness of how we think, feel and behave(心理健康可以被定义为拥有和保持一种幸福的状态，并培养我们如何思考、感受和行为的意识)”提到大脑健康的定义，下文“Here are some ways that might help you.(这里有一些方法可以帮助你)”指出有几种方法能帮你保持大脑健康。由此可知，空处指出我们需要保持大脑健康，D项“如何锻炼和提高大脑健康呢”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
32．上文“Meditation not only reduces the negative effects of the nervous system, but also enhances the “positive” nervous system by slowing down your heart rate, controlling your breathing, and maintaining your blood pressure. (冥想不仅可以减少神经系统的负面影响，还可以通过降低心率、控制呼吸和维持血压来增强“积极”的神经系统)”介绍了冥想的好处，空处承接上文，E项“这也是提高注意力和激发创造力的好方法。”能够承接上文，介绍了冥想的另一个好处，It代指上文提到的Meditation。故选E。
33．上文“Trying new things in different ways can help the brain cells form new connections as well as maintain current ones.(以不同的方式尝试新事物可以帮助大脑细胞形成新的连接并维持现有的连接)”提到要尝试新事物，这样能帮助大脑细胞形成新的连接，并维持现有的连接，空处承接上文，对此进行介绍，G项“每次你有新的体验，你的大脑就会形成新的脑细胞。”能够承接上文，a new experience呼应上文Trying new things，故选G。
34．根据本段小标题“Stay positive(保持积极)”可知，本段主要介绍了要保持积极乐观，F项“你越积极，你的人生观就会越好。”能够呼应主题，符合语境。故选F。
35．此处是本段小标题，根据下文“The mind and body are interconnected. When one is imbalanced, the other feels the effects of that imbalance. Just as mindfulness can relax muscles and ease tension, physical exercise can relax the mind and relieve stress. Add some additional mindfulness to your workouts, and you may be able to interrupt the flow of anxiety-inducing (诱发) thoughts running through your mind.(思想和身体是相互联系的。当一方不平衡时，另一方就会感受到这种不平衡的影响。正如正念可以放松肌肉和缓解紧张，体育锻炼可以放松心灵和缓解压力。在你的锻炼中加入一些额外的专注力，你就可以打断那些在你头脑中流动的焦虑诱导的想法)”可知，本段主要介绍了要进行体育锻炼，A项“进行体育锻炼”能概括本段主题，符合语境。故选A。
【08】（2023上·山东济南·高三校考阶段练习）
If you’ve ever kept a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then the chances are good that these same people have kept secrets from you.Not all of them, and not at every moment, 36 The hard part of having a secret is not that you have to hide it, but that you have to live with it.So even if you do have fears and worries, know that the research shows people react more positively to disclosures (吐露秘密) than we often imagine.It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive. 37 If you are in the middle of a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, then recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.
You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling. 38 When people reveal secrets to others, they are often looking for help, and often seek out the people who prove most helpful.
Another person can offer you two different kinds of help: emotional support and practical support.If you can find someone you feel comfortable opening up to, they are likely to give you one, even if not both kinds.They might express sympathy or empathy, or share with you a similar struggle they have overcome. 39 The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.
If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need.Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others. 40
A．but here are some tips for you to know their secrets.
B．When you open up to others, others will open up to you.
C．but some of them some of the time.
D．But when you take the risk, your friend will recognize this and appreciate it.
E．Other people can offer positive perspectives, guidance, and advice.
F．A disclosure with no receiver is barely a closure at all.
G．They still hide their own secrets.
36．C 37．D 38．F 39．E 40．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何处理生活中的秘密。
36．由上文“Not all of them, and not at every moment (不是所有人，也不是每时每刻)”可知，下面要说跟“有些人”有关的话题，故选项C中“but some of them some of the time (不过总会有人那么一些人，有那么一些时刻)”可以承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
37．由上文“It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive (吐露敏感的事情确实需要那么一点儿勇气才能做到)”可知，下面要说跟“吐露敏感的事情的结果”有关的话题，故选项D“But when you take the risk, your fiend will recognize this and appreciate (不过当你冒这个危险时，你的朋友会发现这一点，也会对此报以感激)”可以承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
38．由上文“You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling. (你可以在没有人听到的森林里大声说出你的秘密，但就像没有人听到树叶飘落一样。)”可知，下面要说跟“在森林里说出秘密的结果”有关的话题，故选项F“A disclosure with no receiver is barely a closure at all. (没有接收者的信息披露根本算不上是一个了结。)”可以承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
39．由下文“The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in. (到当我们寻求他人帮助时，消极思维的恶性循环更容易被打破)”可知，本空要说跟“别人的帮助”有关的话题，故选项E“Other people can offer positive perspectives, guidance, and advice. (其他人可以提供积极的观点、指导和建议。)”可以承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
40．由上文“Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others. (很可能，至少有一个你不知道的秘密来自他人，这是与他人分享你想法的又一个理由。)”可知，下面要说跟“与他人分享秘密”有关的话题，故选项B“When you open up to others, others will open up to you. (当你向别人敞开心扉时，别人也会向你敞开心扉)”可以承接上文，符合题意，并对全文进行总结。故选B。
【09】（2023上·湖北荆州·高三荆州中学校考阶段练习）
Rock climbing is the kind of sport you either love or you’re simply not interested in. For those who love it, there is great personal satisfaction. 41 It is a physical workout that requires strength, coordination, and perseverance. Regular climbing (2 or more times per week) can improve cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, and flexibility. Mentally, you must confront (正视) your fears both of injuries and of heights and make good decisions because your life depends upon it.
42 You must be in good health and above average physical condition to go rock climbing, more so if you do this outdoors. You need to be flexible and agile (敏捷的), since climbing skills involve stretching, bending, and precise body positioning. And you must have the strength to hold yourself up by your arms and hands or even just your fingers.
You don’t have to climb Mount Qomolangma to enjoy the sport of rock climbing.
43 Some of these include traditional climbing, free solo climbing, ice climbing and indoor climbing.
If you think you may be interested in rock climbing, start by reading books or rock climbing publications. 44 Others have essays written by climbers that can give you a feel for this sport. Publications are good sources of gear advice and reviews, technique and training tips, and rock climbing destinations.
If you’re passionate about rock climbing, you’ll want to find others who share your love of this sport. Ask about groups or clubs at a local rock climbing gym or search the Internet. 45
A．There are many options.
B．Rock climbing isn’t for everyone.
C．Rock climbing has gained popularity in recent years.
D．Rock climbing involves both physical and mental challenges.
E．The more you learn, the more you’ll want to know and share!
F．Most of all, you need time and commitment to learn the skills.
G．There are many books available that outline the basics of rock climbing.
41．D 42．B 43．A 44．G 45．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了攀岩这项运动，它能给人们带来很大的满足感，它涉及到体力、协调性和毅力。攀岩能让你克服恐高和受伤的恐惧，并且能做出正确的决定。
41．根据下文“It is a physical workout that requires strength, coordination, and perseverance.(这是一项需要力量、协调和毅力的体育锻炼。)”以及“Mentally, you must confront (正视) your fears both of injuries and of heights and make good decisions because your life depends upon it.(在精神上，你必须面对你对受伤和高度的恐惧，并做出正确的决定，因为你的生活取决于此。)”可知，攀岩是一项涉及体力和精神上的运动。D项“Rock climbing involves both physical and mental challenges. (攀岩包括身体和精神上的挑战。)”符合语境。故选D项。
42．根据下文“You must be in good health and above average physical condition to go rock climbing, more so if you do this outdoors. (你必须身体健康，身体状况在平均水平以上才能去攀岩，如果你在户外攀岩就更需要了。)”可知，攀岩需要健康的体魄，需要灵活敏捷，不一定适合每个人。B项“Rock climbing isn’t for everyone. (攀岩并不适合所有人。)”符合语境。故选B项。
43．根据上文“You don’t have to climb Mount Qomolangma to enjoy the sport of rock climbing.(你不必非得登上珠穆朗玛峰才能享受攀岩运动。)”以及下文“Some of these include traditional climbing, free solo climbing, ice climbing and indoor climbing.(其中包括传统攀岩、自由单人攀岩、冰上攀岩和室内攀岩。)”可知，你不必为了享受攀岩去爬珠穆朗玛峰，我们有很多的选择。A项“There are many options.(有很多的选择。)”符合语境。故选A项。
44．根据上文“If you think you may be interested in rock climbing, start by reading books or rock climbing publications.(如果你认为你可能对攀岩感兴趣，可以从阅读攀岩书籍或攀岩出版物开始。)”可知，如果对攀岩感兴趣，可以先看看书。G项“There are many books available that outline the basics of rock climbing.(有很多书都介绍了攀岩的基本知识。)”符合语境。故选G项。
45．根据上文“If you’re passionate about rock climbing, you’ll want to find others who share your love of this sport. Ask about groups or clubs at a local rock climbing gym or search the Internet.(如果你对攀岩充满热情，你会想找到和你一样热爱这项运动的人。询问当地攀岩馆的团体或俱乐部，或者上网搜索。)”可知，如果你对攀岩充满热情，你会想知道的越来越多。E项“The more you learn, the more you’ll want to know and share!(你学得越多，你就越想知道和分享！)”符合语境。故选E项。
【10】（2023上·陕西榆林·高三校考期中）Moving your body regularly and often is a key to good health. But for people who don’t feel the urge to exercise, sitting can become a habit that hurts the body and the brain. Here are some easy tips that will invite more movement into your routines.
Budget in some mobile breaks.
46 For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect yourself to get up for 10 minutes and move around. Schools and workplaces can be creative about building those breaks into the day.
Give yourself prompts (提示).
Are you forgetting to get up 47 Let it remind you to “break up” an hour of sitting with short breaks for something simple, says Aaron Kandola at University College London. For example, you might use the short break to empty the dishwasher or pick up the dog’s toys.
48
“If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just TATI in Baltimore. If the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a bit. 49 For example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes include Star Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.
Use the partner system.
Work with friends to remind each other to stand up and stretch. Or remind each other to stand when you’re on the phone. Get your family involved, too. Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they often stand to reach for something or even jump during the games. 50
A．Seek for challenges.
B．Work with what you have.
C．Set an alarm clock if you have to.
D．Or try short online exercise videos.
E．No one sits still for long, she says.
F．Make a conscious effort and set simple goals
G．Exercise videos help them to realize their health goals
46．F 47．C 48．B 49．D 50．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。久坐不利于身体健康，因此我们应该多运动。本文主要介绍了四条如何在日常生活中多动少坐的建议。
【详解】1.根据本标题“Budget in some mobile breaks.”（一些移动休息时间的预算。）可知，本段主要介绍要多给自己移动休息的时间， 下文“For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect yourself to get up for 10 minutes and move around.”（例如，你坐着的每一个小时，你可能希望自己起床10分钟并且四处走动。）举例子说明要设定一些目标，F项“有意识地努力并设定简单的目标”符合。故选F。
2. 根据本段的小标题“Give yourself prompts (提示).”（给自己一些提示）及空后“Let it remind you to ‘break up’ an hour of sitting with short breaks for something simple...”（让它提醒你为了一些简单的事情“打破”一个小时的坐着和短暂的休息）可知，要给自己一些提示，空处应该具体介绍下文的“it”，C项“如果有必要的话，你可以设置一个闹钟”符合，这是一种提示，下文it代指选项中an alarm clock。故选C。
3. 根据本段的内容““If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just TATI in Baltimore. If the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a bit. ”（巴尔的摩Just TATI的塔蒂亚娜 沃伦(Tatiana Warren)表示: “如果天气不错，你肯定应该出去散散步。”如果天气不好，计划其他选择。你可以在房间里跳舞或者原地慢跑。）可知，本段主要讲述在现有的条件下尽可能运动，故B项“ 利用你所拥有的。”符合本段主题。故选B。
4. 下文“For example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes include Star Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.”（例如，俄亥俄州的莱克县基督教青年会(Lake County YMCA)就有8到12分钟的免费儿童瑜伽视频。他们的主题包括星球大战，恐龙和丛林。）举例说明可以在网上看一些有关运动的视频，D项“或者可以尝试网上的运动短视频”符合。故选D。
5. 根据空前“Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they often 2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】
专题26阅读理解七选五段中句类讲义（考情+技法+真题+模拟）原卷版
【近年高考考情】
年份 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 选项特征 字数
2023 新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1 完整句 247+82
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 完整句 261+63
全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1 3 1 完整句 252+51
全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4 1 有残缺句 282+69
2022 新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 完整句 257+76
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1 4 0 完整句 237+74
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3 1 有残缺句 230+87
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3 1 1 有残缺句 248+76
2021 新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 完整句 270+83
新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1 2 2 完整句 250+75
全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1 4 0 有残缺句 261+49
全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会上如何变得有趣 2 2 1 有残缺句 255+81
2020 新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 公开演讲的一些原则 1 3 1 完整句 235+73
全国I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我接纳小技巧 1 3 1 完整句 252+41
全国II卷 说明文 人与社会 表情符号与职场交流 1 3 1 有残缺句 225+77
全国III卷 说明文 人与社会 乔迁聚会相关知识 2 2 1 完整句 248+86
【实用解题妙招】
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
1.选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
2.话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
题型一段中瞻前型
从2020到2023年高考考情统计表和高三教学实际来看，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。
考例1 (2023 新高考II卷) 40题
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
…
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
考例2 (2021 新高考I卷) 37题
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
题型二 段中顾后型
考例3 (2023 全国乙卷)36题
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
考例4 (2021 全国甲卷)37题
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 37 , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
题型三 段中瞻前顾后型
考例5 (2023 新高考I卷)39题
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36 It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
考例6 (2023 新高考II卷) 40题
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
…
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
考例7 (2023 全国甲卷) 40题
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 38 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【高考真题再练】
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2022新高考II卷 说明文 写文章好修改的建议 312 6.0 min 1 4 0
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
36 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 37 Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 39 As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 40 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2020新高考卷 说明文 公开演讲的一些原则 308 6.0 min 1 3 1
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___36___Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking. ” ___37___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___38___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___39___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___40___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!“” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2019全国Ⅰ卷 说明文 呼吸新鲜空气对人体好处 333 6.5 min 2 3 0
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 1 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
2 If the air you’re breathing is clean — which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities — then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). 3 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 4 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
5 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D — but still protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2019全国IⅠ卷 说明文 如何激发动机并实现目标 332 6.5 min 1 4 0
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump ” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 1 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
2 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
年份 体裁 话题 全文词数 建议用时 段首 段中 段尾
2019全国IIⅠ卷 说明文 上在线课程两大注意事项 287 6 min 1 4 0
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 1 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (逻辑) of each to their particular circumstance.
Do’s
● 2 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.
●Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 3 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don’ts
●Don’t share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 4
●Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 5 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That’s what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do’s and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【名校好题强化】
【01】（2023上·陕西西安·高三长安一中校考期中）
One of the primary goals of cognitive behavioral therapy (疗法) is finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action. The best possible one is under the care of an experienced mental health care provider. Still, if you are hoping to stop being paralyzed (麻痹) by anxiety and use this energy to fuel and improve your life, you can. 1
Set a goal. Goal-setting is one way to use your anxiety as fuel. Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries. What are you most concerned about 2 Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a plan that allows you to overcome these fears.
Challenge yourself regularly to build resilience. Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle. 3 Rather than avoiding those situations that cause anxiety, gradually expose yourself to them more often. When you do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power. For instance, if you hate public speaking, you might benefit from signing up for a local Toastmasters club. Doing so will allow you to practice speaking in front of a group more often, which will reduce your anxiety.
4 Anxiety can feel like a live wire in your body. You can’t sit still or focus. Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy. Exercise offers a host of benefits like fighting off illness and helping you manage weight. One of the benefits most helpful to you, however, is its ability to neutralize anxiety and improve your mood.
Perform reality testing. You don’t have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts, giving them permission to get you all worked up. 5 Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking. To assess the reality of this situation, you want to ask what evidence is there that says this is true. Did your friends actually call you lame Are they avoiding you
A．Put them to the test instead.
B．What are your biggest fears
C．Burn off nervous energy with physical activity.
D．When you find yourself becoming anxious, check your thought patterns
E．Just transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies.
F．How can you deal with getting fired if it does happen
G．The more you use the muscle, the stronger it becomes.
【02】（2023上·四川成都·高三树德中学校考阶段练习）
Teamwork is important in any workplace, and effective teamwork is the key to productivity. What improves teamwork and makes a team successful Read the tips below to find out.
Appoint a strong leader
A team has no direction without a leader. 6 . This leader must also prioritize team goals over individual goals, ensuring they are committed to getting the job done.
Clarify all responsibilities
From the moment the team is formed, particular attention must be paid to assigning direct responsibilities to each member. 7 . This is an important step to make before going deeper into the project so that everyone is on the same page. If everyone is clear on what they are responsible for producing, it helps prevent people doing the same thing and less desirable tasks being avoided.
8
Each team will comprise a range of people from diverse backgrounds. It is important to set common goals the team is working towards so that the focus always remains on the finished product. Each team member must understand that personal goals must be set aside and team goals must remain the focus. 9 .
Encourage open communication
Encouraging team members to be forthcoming about their ideas is important for the success of the team. 10 . It is also important to establish two-way communication of information between both different team members, as well as between team members and their manager.
A．Set common goals
B．Be willing to help others
C．As the well-known saying goes, “There is no I in team”
D．If these are set from the beginning, there will be no issues of authority
E．It is vital that this person is capable and efficient at giving out tasks
F．When team members feel that they can contribute ideas, there is more creativity and innovation
G．This may mean contributing to tasks that are perhaps below your level, but the overall goal must be kept in mind
【03】（2023上·陕西榆林·高三校考阶段练习）
From difficult bosses to potential layoffs, work can be full of challenging situations. You may wonder whether to step back from your career and further your education to better your life. 11 , because it’s such a personal decision and many factors are involved. Here are some questions to consider to help guide your decision.
Do I have the necessary resources (财力) to make this happen
12 Is that impact acceptable to you For example, if you have to take out loans to cover your expenses, you might want to get clear on how much debt you’re willing to take on to get that degree.
13
You may be better served by professional certificates, or conferences, instead of a college degree. Wait until you’ve done some research and know what would best suit you, Reach out to your network to see if you can identify people who are already in the positions you desire to be in. Ask them what types of training programs they would recommend.
Do I know what to go back to school for
What type of program/ degree would best serve your interests 14 . The right program for you may not be immediately obvious. You’ll want to know which program will impact your earning potential most based on the specific positions and goals you’re trying to achieve.
Is it really education that’s holding me back, and not something else
If you’re sure it’s schooling, then maybe it really is time to go back. However, make sure you know it’s not other factors like company culture. Going back to school is a big undertaking, so you have to make sure it’s the right solution. 15 .
A．Is it too late to go back to school
B．What options make the most sense
C．You will be trained for good paying jobs
D．Not all education programs will do that equally
E．How will further education impact your resources
F．It’s tough to determine if more education is necessary
G．If it’s company culture, find a new organization that suits you
【04】（2023上·湖南常德·高三汉寿县第一中学校考阶段练习）
Why Cooking Meals at Home Benefits More Than Just Your Wallet
When hunger strikes, the convenience of entering a fast-food restaurant or ordering takeout can be terribly attractive. 16 However, when it becomes a routine, your waistline, your wallet and your health can be badly affected. Here are four reasons to make cooking at home your option.
· It’s cheaper.
You could spend $100 at a fancy restaurant for one dinner, while the same amount of money could buy you groceries for a week. When you shop smart and get creative, you needn’t spend more than $1 on breakfast, $2 on lunch and $4 on dinner to purchase wholesome, healthy foods. Here’s how: 17
· It may reduce your exposure to certain chemicals.
The most surprising benefit of cooking at home can decrease the amount of harmful chemicals you’re exposed to. 18 Common in takeout and fast-food packaging, those chemicals have been associated with many diseases. Food packaging can also contain other damaging compounds (化合物).
·You can better estimate calories.
19 That is why people tend to consume extra calories when dining away from home. On the contrary, you have complete control over the food materials when you cook in your own kitchen. Choosing fiber-packed vegetables and meat containing less fat will help keep your calories under control. So will the way you cook your food. Rather than frying, choose roasting.
· 20
Many chefs use a lot of salt while cooking. While salt can make food tastier, too much of it is linked to serious health issues like heart disease and high blood pressure. At home, you can control the quantity of salt on your plate by seasoning food in other ways, like using lemon juice. The same goes for sugar. You can use smaller quantities of natural sweeteners like honey to add sweetness to your food. Too much added sugar is linked to some diseases as well.
A．You can reduce added salt and sugar.
B．Eating out can make calorie counting tricky.
C．Buy in large quantities and stick to store-brand items.
D．Salt and sugar are both essentials in cooking delicious foods.
E．Relying on food away from home occasionally is totally acceptable.
F．People are always too engaged in their work to cook at home personally.
G．People cooking at home have lower levels of dangerous chemicals in their bodies.
【05】（2023上·江苏南京·高三校联考期中）
The benefits of positive emotions never stop after a few minutes of good feelings go back to normal. 21 It will serve to build skills and develop resources for use later in life. Let’s consider a real world example.
A child who runs around outside, swinging on branches and playing with friends, develops the ability to move athletically (physical skills), the ability to play with others and communicate with a team (social skills), and the ability to explore and examine the world around them (creative skills). 22
These skills last much longer than the emotions that initiated them. Years later, that foundation of athletic movement might develop into a scholarship as a college athlete or the communication skills may turn into a job offer as a business manager. The happiness that promoted the exploration and creation of new skills has long since ended. 23 Researchers refer to this as the “broaden and build” theory because positive emotions broaden your sense of possibilities and open your mind, which in turn allows you to build new skills and resources that can provide value in other areas of your life.
24 Why Because building skills for future use is irrelevant when there is immediate threat or danger (like the tiger on the path). All of this research boils down to the fact that positive thinking is so useful for developing valuable skills and appreciating the Big Picture of life.
But how can you get yourself to be positive in your life 25 You probably know what things work well for you. Maybe it’s playing the guitar. Maybe it’s spending time with a certain person.
A．Negative emotions do the opposite.
B．However, the skills themselves live on.
C．But many of us look at things negatively.
D．The biggest benefit is an improved ability.
E．That is why the “broaden and build” theory is valuable.
F．In this way, positive emotions help to build valuable skills.
G．Anything arousing feelings of joy, contentment, and love will do the trick.
【06】（2023上·广东东莞·高三东莞市东莞中学校联考期中）
When you hear your friend passed an exam that you had failed earlier, will you share her happiness If you can feel the joy, congratulations! 26 Studies found that Freudenfreude contributes to kind acts, such as helping others. Celebrating the personal victories of other people can bring on more of our own.
27 Sometimes, your loss might really sting, making Freudenfreude feel out of reach. If you were raised in a family that paired winning with self-worth, you might misread someone else’s victory as your own personal shortcoming. And factors such as mental health and overall wellbeing can also affect your ability to participate in someone else’s joy. 28
One way to summon good feelings for others is to ask questions. You don’t need to wait for someone else’s good news to exercise Freudenfreude. Cultivate joy by inviting others to share their victories. 29 When you speak with them, be sure to maintain eye contact and listen attentively. This should motivate you to keep going and make you feel as if your efforts will pay off.
Because emotions are contagious (有感染力的), showing appreciation can also increase Freudenfroude. You can think of Freudenfreude as something you can spread when you’re experiencing personal joy. 30 Start by sharing your win, then tell the other person how you appreciate their help. Practicing gratitude is like sharing dessert: Both parties enjoy the sweetness of the moment, which enhances Freudenfreude for them both.
A．It is a term that describes the joy we feel when someone else succeeds.
B．You might ask: “what’s the best thing that happened to you this week ”
C．To do this, try giving others credit for their support that leads to your own.
D．While the benefits of Freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily.
E．To better understand Freudenfreude, it is important to realize that it is a win-win.
F．Still, generating Freudenfreude is worthwhile and there are ways to encourage the feeling.
G．Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call Freudenfreude.
【07】（2023上·宁夏银川·高三银川二中校考阶段练习）
Keep Your Mind in Shape!
Mental fitness can be defined as having and maintaining a state of well-being and cultivating awareness of how we think, feel and behave 31 Here are some ways that might help you.
Meditation (冥想)
Meditation is one of the best forms of mental exercise. Meditation not only reduces the negative effects of the nervous system, but also enhances the “positive” nervous system by slowing down your heart rate, controlling your breathing, and maintaining your blood pressure. 32
Try something different
Trying new things in different ways can help the brain cells form new connections as well as maintain current ones. 33 Making changes can be as small as reading a new book or taking a different route home from work.These changes exercise your brain and keep your mental fitness sharp.
Stay positive
34 Positive thoughts and feelings seem impossible to cultivate on your own, but your brain is much more capable than you think. With practice, you can push away all negative thoughts and feelings and allow yourself to be more confident and content.
35
The mind and body are interconnected. When one is imbalanced, the other feels the effects of that imbalance. Just as mindfulness can relax muscles and ease tension, physical exercise can relax the mind and relieve stress. Add some additional mindfulness to your workouts, and you may be able to interrupt the flow of anxiety-inducing (诱发) thoughts running through your mind.
A．Get physical exercise.
B．Balance body and mind.
C．What are the benefits of mental fitness.
D．How can you practice and improve mental fitness
E．It is also a great way to increase focus and stimulate creativity.
F．The more positive you are, the better your outlook on life will be.
G．Every time you have a new experience, your brain forms new brain cells.
【08】（2023上·山东济南·高三校考阶段练习）
If you’ve ever kept a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then the chances are good that these same people have kept secrets from you.Not all of them, and not at every moment, 36 The hard part of having a secret is not that you have to hide it, but that you have to live with it.So even if you do have fears and worries, know that the research shows people react more positively to disclosures (吐露秘密) than we often imagine.It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive. 37 If you are in the middle of a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, then recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.
You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling. 38 When people reveal secrets to others, they are often looking for help, and often seek out the people who prove most helpful.
Another person can offer you two different kinds of help: emotional support and practical support.If you can find someone you feel comfortable opening up to, they are likely to give you one, even if not both kinds.They might express sympathy or empathy, or share with you a similar struggle they have overcome. 39 The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.
If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need.Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others. 40
A．but here are some tips for you to know their secrets.
B．When you open up to others, others will open up to you.
C．but some of them some of the time.
D．But when you take the risk, your friend will recognize this and appreciate it.
E．Other people can offer positive perspectives, guidance, and advice.
F．A disclosure with no receiver is barely a closure at all.
G．They still hide their own secrets.
【09】（2023上·湖北荆州·高三荆州中学校考阶段练习）
Rock climbing is the kind of sport you either love or you’re simply not interested in. For those who love it, there is great personal satisfaction. 41 It is a physical workout that requires strength, coordination, and perseverance. Regular climbing (2 or more times per week) can improve cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, and flexibility. Mentally, you must confront (正视) your fears both of injuries and of heights and make good decisions because your life depends upon it.
42 You must be in good health and above average physical condition to go rock climbing, more so if you do this outdoors. You need to be flexible and agile (敏捷的), since climbing skills involve stretching, bending, and precise body positioning. And you must have the strength to hold yourself up by your arms and hands or even just your fingers.
You don’t have to climb Mount Qomolangma to enjoy the sport of rock climbing.
43 Some of these include traditional climbing, free solo climbing, ice climbing and indoor climbing.
If you think you may be interested in rock climbing, start by reading books or rock climbing publications. 44 Others have essays written by climbers that can give you a feel for this sport. Publications are good sources of gear advice and reviews, technique and training tips, and rock climbing destinations.
If you’re passionate about rock climbing, you’ll want to find others who share your love of this sport. Ask about groups or clubs at a local rock climbing gym or search the Internet. 45
A．There are many options.
B．Rock climbing isn’t for everyone.
C．Rock climbing has gained popularity in recent years.
D．Rock climbing involves both physical and mental challenges.
E．The more you learn, the more you’ll want to know and share!
F．Most of all, you need time and commitment to learn the skills.
G．There are many books available that outline the basics of rock climbing.
【10】（2023上·陕西榆林·高三校考期中）
Moving your body regularly and often is a key to good health. But for people who don’t feel the urge to exercise, sitting can become a habit that hurts the body and the brain. Here are some easy tips that will invite more movement into your routines.
Budget in some mobile breaks.
46 For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect yourself to get up for 10 minutes and move around. Schools and workplaces can be creative about building those breaks into the day.
Give yourself prompts (提示).
Are you forgetting to get up 47 Let it remind you to “break up” an hour of sitting with short breaks for something simple, says Aaron Kandola at University College London. For example, you might use the short break to empty the dishwasher or pick up the dog’s toys.
48
“If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just TATI in Baltimore. If the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a bit. 49 For example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes include Star Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.
Use the partner system.
Work with friends to remind each other to stand up and stretch. Or remind each other to stand when you’re on the phone. Get your family involved, too. Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they often stand to reach for something or even jump during the games. 50
A．Seek for challenges.
B．Work with what you have.
C．Set an alarm clock if you have to.
D．Or try short online exercise videos.
E．No one sits still for long, she says.
F．Make a conscious effort and set simple goals
G．Exercise videos help them to realize their health goals
【11】（2023上·山东日照·高三山东省日照实验高级中学校联考期中）
When people first come across the Law of Attraction (吸引力法则), their hearts and minds often immediately think of one specific thing that they’d love to achieve in their lives. However, the next thought is often “But I can’t do that”. You may come up with all kinds of excuses. 51 Here are the reasons why you should believe you can use the Law of Attraction to obtain whatever you want.
Small steps create big changes. One of the most common reasons for abandoning dreams is that they simply seem too huge to realize. Usually it’s manageable to think of following your dream as taking a series of significant but small steps. 52 Then look at each of them. Not so unrealistic now, is it
53 When people are interviewed on their deathbeds or write about their lives in autobiographies (自传), it is often observed that major regrets tend to relate to things that were not done. In older age, it’s likely that you will be uncomfortable with the idea that you didn’t even try to do the thing that you loved or attempt to obtain what you truly wanted. 54 But you don’t ever need to feel this way! Make today the first day of your new journey towards avoiding regret.
Steps towards your dream are never backwards steps. Another common worry is that if you follow your dreams, you’ll be “taking steps back”. 55 However, what looks like backward steps in your old life can more productively and accurately be seen as forwarding steps in the brand new life you’re creating.
A．You can avoid regret.
B．It is no use regretting it.
C．Luckily, the truth is that it’s never too late to follow your dream.
D．It often comes up when people are at the top of careers they hate.
E．It is painful to feel like you haven’t ever found your true purpose.
F．For example, challenge yourself to write down the path to success in ten stages.
G．You have enough life experience and knowledge to pursue your dream.
【12】（2023·浙江温州·统考一模）
A majority of the people do not read the classics. Their reasons begin with the language being too difficult and end with the storyline to distant to the present context. Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. 56 We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic
Don’t be afraid to be confused.
We get it: it’s hard to power through confusion. It doesn’t feel great when a book makes you feel confused. Every reader has to start somewhere. 57 Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn.
Research, research, research.
58 Researching the author-and the time and place they were writing about-can help you situate yourself during tricky passages. The author’s experience, viewpoint, and historical context might help you make the connections you might not have otherwise.
Just pick the book up.
This step is self-explanatory. While it’s not hard to just pick a book up, we know how difficult it can be to convince yourself to do so. 59 Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula.
Remember: there is no right answer.
There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process. 60 Even if your interpretation of the work isn’t quite perfect, it is still valuable!
A．It is a gradual affair.
B．Allow the book to grow with you.
C．It has some form of historical influence.
D．Before you turn to page one, do some digging.
E．Never beat yourself up for not knowing something.
F．Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity.
G．Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically.
【13】（2023·四川成都·校联考一模）
While sweat serves as the built-in air conditioner, sweating it out can have many: other surprising health benefits. 61
It Eases Pain
Did you wake up with back pain 62 Then the best way to relieve your pain is to work up a sweat. It might be very tempting to skip this step since pain will make you want to sit still. But actually increasing your heart rate and working up a sweat is one of the best things you can do for your pain while sitting around will just make you even more stiff and sore.
It Gets Rid of Toxins(毒素)
Our bodies are subject to a lot of toxins throughout our everyday lives. 63 Sweating is a great way to expel (排出) those toxins from the body, which serves to better your immune system. It can also help get rid of substances like alcohol and salt.
64
Along with the sense of accomplishment from working out, working up a sweat releases endorphins (内啡肽), which make you happy. Sweating helps relieve stress and promote relaxation. Next time you’re feeling stressed out or need a break to clear your mind, think about hitting up a hot yoga class or taking a few minutes for yourself in the sauna (桑拿) to ease your mind,
It Helps You Avoid Kidney Stones
One of the lesser-known benefits of sweating is that it lowers the risk of getting kidney (肾) stones. Research has shown that sweating helps you get rid of salt and keep calcium in your bones. 65 The more frequently you find yourself sweating, the better.
A．It Makes You Happier
B．Are you sore from yesterday’s workout
C．Pain is usually caused by toxins produced in the body.
D．Here are some top benefits of sweating in summer.
E．Sweating also helps prevent pollutants from entering the body.
F．This helps keep those elements from your kidneys where small stones will form.
G．They come from the pollution in the air, our food, and are created naturally in the body.
【14】（2024上·河北承德·高三承德市双滦区实验中学校考阶段练习）
Perseverance: The Key to Success
Perseverance is a vital quality to possess in order to achieve success in any aspect of life. 66 Perseverance involves the ability to face challenges, overcome obstacles, and push through adversity, no matter how difficult it may seem.
One perspective on perseverance is that it is the ability to maintain focus and determination in the face of frustrations. 67 The successful people are the ones who keep moving forward in face of adversity. They understand that success often comes after repeated failure.
Another perspective on perseverance is that it involves having a growth mindset. This means that individuals who possess perseverance are open to new challenges and are not afraid to fail. 68 They understand that each failure brings them one step closer to success, and they will keep pushing forward.
69 It also involves having the discipline to do so. This means staying committed to a goal and putting in the necessary time and effort, even when it is not easy. Successful people understand that in order to achieve greatness, sacrifices must be made and hard work must be put inconsistently overtime.
In conclusion, perseverance is an essential quality to possess in order to achieve the goals we set for ourselves. It involves the ability to persist in the face of adversity, maintain focus and determination, have a growth mindset, and possess the discipline necessary to put inconsistent hard work overtime. 70
A．With perseverance, anything is possible.
B．Write down your goals to keep them in front of you at all times.
C．It is the quality that drives us to keep going even when it is tough.
D．They view failure as an opportunity to learn rather than a reason to give up.
E．One way to build perseverance is to have a vision of what you want to achieve.
F．Furthermore, perseverance is not just about having the motivation to keep going.
G．In other words, perseverance is about not giving up even when things don’t go well.
【15】（2023上·四川雅安·高三雅安中学校联考期中）
We’re fortunate to have access to the dynamic network technology, which provides rich resources for learning, connecting and entertaining ourselves. 71 The same tool that can enhance our work efficiency also has the power to trap us in a web of distractions (分心之事).
72 An astonishing 84.4% of us, on average, report being distracted at work. There are some usual suspects. Emails steal the attention of 26%. Phone calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Coworkers shift the attention of 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite source of information and entertainment, distracts 41% of us. What’s more, a survey reveals that an overwhelming 67% of workers say that their work is often affected by the excessive time spent on meetings and calls.
These distractions are more than mere annoyances. 73 It is their lasting impact that makes it impossible for us to focus on any single task. In this way, they greatly reduce our work efficiency.
A study offers more insight into our struggle with distractions. It found that our brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending on the type of external stimuli. The rhythm is faster for automatic stimuli but slows down for tasks we consciously choose to focus on. 74
Just think about it: You’re involved in a project, and then your phone receives a text message. 75 And regaining your focus might be harder than you anticipate, The same goes for that catchy news headline or an interesting social media post that catches your eye-pulling you away from your task and making you lost in the sea of distractions.
A．But it is double-edged.
B．Some distractions can be avoided.
C．Statistics reveal how common this issue is.
D．They’re also persistent and endless in getting our attention.
E．The sound of it is loud enough to interrupt your concentration.
F．Stimulating our interest and increasing the speed of our work are important.
G．This makes maintaining focus in the noisy world an ever-increasing challenge.
【16】（2023上·云南·高三云南师大附中校考阶段练习）
To attract more students, colleges offer an abundance of resources to prepare students for a fulfilling life. 76 . So the schools’ administrators have designed programs to help you make the most of your college life, ranging from advice on course selection to extra assistance for your well-being.
Library
Though it may be tempting to study in your room in bed, under the covers, try the library. Most libraries have a wide range of study spaces, from solo-occupant study carrels to lounge areas designed for group work. 77 Once you’ve found a few favorite spots, make them part of your studying routine.
Academic Advising
78 . However, an academic advisor can simplify the process. During your freshman year, you may be assigned an advisor to help you make your first academic decisions. In the years that follow, you’ll likely have various advisors whose jobs are to make sure you graduate on time. 79 , not just when your schedule needs approval. They have deep insight into courses, professors, and opportunities on campus and the better they know you, the more valuable the advice and support they’ll be able to provide.
Health Center
You already know you can go to the health center when you feel sick, but do you know that most health centers also provide resources to improve students’ well-being To help students destress, many schools offer wellness programs, including yoga, meditation, and even visits from therapy dogs. The health center is there to support your mental health as well as your physical health. Counseling is available for all students. Remember that no problem is too big or too small. 80 .
With the help from all these, your college life must be enjoyable and fulfilling.
A．A successful graduate is the best advertising
B．Balancing college life with career planning is no easy task
C．Test them all out to see which environment works best for you
D．Your counselor can provide support any time you feel overwhelmed
E．Get ahead of the game by making your first appointment early in the year
F．Selecting courses and meeting graduation requirements may seem complicated
G．Get to know the advisors by arranging meetings with them throughout the semester
【17】（2023上·四川成都·高三石室中学校考期中）
Studies have shown that walking among trees makes us relaxed. 81 There’s plenty of research showing the link between being in nature and being happy, but most of the research has focused on adults.
82 Explaining the motivation behind the study, researchers note that with environmental issues such as global warming, more studies are focusing on the relationships between humans and nature to find solutions to these problems, and the future of the planet lies in the hands of children and their actions. However, few studies focus on this aspect.
For the study, researchers worked with 296 children between the ages of 9 and 12. To measure how connected they were to nature, the kids were asked how much they enjoy activities like seeing wildflowers and wild animals, hearing sounds of nature and touching animals and plants. 83 They also found that the more concerned children were about the environment and nature, the more likely they were to be happy.
So exposure to nature is related to active behaviors and happiness of children. What does that mean to adults As we all know, children usually tend to follow adults, especially their parents’ behaviors. 84 And if parents enjoy being close to nature, so will their children.
Researchers say that children need role models who can guide them to nature with excitement and an attitude of a lifelong learner. Parents don’t have to be experts in environmental science or nature studies. 85
A．It’s so good going for a walk around trees.
B．Even just smelling the trees helps reduce anxiety.
C．That’s to say, when adults are outside and appreciate nature, kids learn by example.
D．What’s more important is that they spend time together with children exploring nature.
E．They found that the kids connected to nature were more likely to behave actively.
F．In a new study, researchers wanted to see if kids get the same benefits from being outdoors.
G．Researchers will study more about the connection between children’s happiness and nature.
【18】（2023上·江苏南通·高三海安高级中学校考期中）
“We are becoming the people we wanted to be,” Gloria Steinem, a journalist and social activist, declared in the 1970s. So have women really become the people they wanted to be Yes. 86 And they are nurses, clerks, doctors, scientists and so on. For a better understanding, here are some true data about women at work.
87
One of the great changes in gender equality is taking place in education. More women graduate from high school, attend and graduate from college. In 1994, 63 percent of female high school graduates and 61 percent of male high school graduates were enrolled in college the following fall, according to the Pew Research Center. By 2012, that number for women jumped to 71 percent, but remained unchanged for males, at 61 percent.
The wage gap between males and females is still existing.
Even as more women are flooding onto college campuses, here’s a disappointing trend. 88 But there still is a gap between their earnings and men’s earnings. Women in professional specialty occupations earn 72.7 percent of what men in the same position earn.
Is there any place women earn the same as men
No. Unfortunately, there is no such place. But it can be to a woman’s advantage to work in a labor union. 89 So, while there is a gap, it’s much less than in professions without unions, where women make 72 percent of men’s incomes.
Women bring home more income.
90 Over 40 percent of moms are now the sole or primary source of income in U.S. households. Women are now the primary or co-money-maker in nearly two-thirds of American families and working married women bring home 44 percent of their family income.
A．Education is specially significant for women.
B．Women are taking higher education by storm.
C．It is a fact that women climb higher in the work world now.
D．An increasing number of women have joined the workforce.
E．More than ever before, women are the breadwinners in the household.
F．Today, 30 percent of all the businesses are owned and operated by women.
G．Women who work in unionized professions make 82 percent of men’s incomes.
【19】（2023上·湖南长沙·高三长沙一中校考阶段练习）
Boundaries are personal guidelines that define what is and isn’t okay in your interpersonal relationships. As everyone has different needs and comfort levels, they may appear different for each person. Having healthy boundaries may provide such benefits as avoiding burnout, boosting self-esteem and maintaining personal space. 91 After setting your boundaries, it’s helpful to review them on a regular basis to remain relevant to your life circumstances.
92 The way you set them reflects your attitude to taking responsibility in life. Taking the time to think about your wants and needs in different situations will help you understand how your values influence boundary-setting. Once you have made the list of your values, needs, and wants, use that knowledge to establish clear boundaries that respect yourself and those around you.
Once you have identified your boundaries, it is important to communicate them effectively. 93 Express your ideas in an open and straightforward manner; speak up for yourself so that others can hear, understand and respect your needs. Additionally, take a step back if tensions arise during a conversation about setting boundaries. Allow yourself or the other person to cool down before restarting the conversation. 94
When learning how to set healthy boundaries, it is essential to learn how to say “no”. Saying “yes” to everything can lead to stress, burnout, and frustration. It is important to understand what you consider acceptable and unacceptable, setting limits that reflect those standards. 95 If the situation persists, remove yourself from it respectfully. You deserve more than surrounding yourself with people who don’t value your values.
A．Honesty and respect play an essential key role in the process.
B．Initially, you are supposed to identify your personal boundaries.
C．When you feel that someone has crossed your boundaries, remind them.
D．Therefore, setting healthy boundaries is of vital importance in social activities.
E．Keep saying “no” to things you disapprove of helps to understand yourself better.
F．This contributes to finding possible solutions to issues regarding boundary-setting.
G．Pick up the conversation unless there appears another argument needed to be settled.
【20】（2023上·山东泰安·高三统考期中）
Breaking the Habit of People-Pleasing
If you feel like you may be a people-pleaser, you’re not alone. Most people have a growing desire for pleasing others. 96 It can also result in weak boundaries, problems with decision-making, and low self-worth. For that reason, it’s important to recognize and overcome your own people-pleasing behaviors. Here are simple exercises that you can start working on today.
1. Practice being alone
97 Trust that people will not abandon you, even if you don’t drop everything for them. Believe you are lovable for who you are, not what you do. Practice this by going to a movie or restaurant alone.
2. Keep plans with yourself
98 Otherwise, you are sending a message to your brain that a plan you make with yourself does not hold as much value as a plan you make with someone else. Don’t break any plans you make with yourself, whether it’s going to the gym or studying for an exam.
3. Practice saying “no”
If you’re a people-pleaser you may find it hard to say “no” because you feel it comes across as cruel or uncaring. 99 Be clear, be direct, and use “I” statements. Try statements like: “I would really love to be able to help you, but unfortunately, I’m already committed at that time.”
By consistently integrating these strategies into your life, I’m confident you’ll break your people-pleasing habits. 100 This will yield an overall improvement in self-confidence and life satisfaction.
A．So it is not necessary to say no.
B．But it absolutely does not have to.
C．Learn to love your own company.
D．You’ll develop more healthy, interdependent relationships.
E．You are not confident about the plans you make with yourself.
F．Your own plans are as important as plans you make with others.
G．People-pleasing behavior can lead to mental and physical problems.
