2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】
专题29阅读理解七选五词语复现类讲义（考情+技法+真题+模拟）解析版
【近年高考考情】
调研1【2023新高考I卷】原词复现 mistake
调研2【2022新高考I卷】原词复现 notice
调研3【2020全国I卷】同义词复现 little---small
调研4【2021·全国甲卷】近义词复现 “new” clothes= clothes in good condition
调研5【2023·全国甲卷】反义词复现 comfortable和uncomfortable, tolerate和intolerable
调研6【2021·全国甲卷】反义词复现 more than=less than
调研7【2020·全国II卷】反义词复现friendlier和unfriendly
调研8 【2021全国乙卷】同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
调研9 【2019全国III卷】同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
【实用解题妙招】
复现是为保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现主要是指原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现、词汇同现等。
技巧一：原词复现
调研1【2023新高考I卷】原词复现 mistake
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them…
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” …
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” …
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list….
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
20.根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
调研2【2022新高考I卷】原词复现 notice
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 39
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
39. G。根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
技巧二：同义词复现
调研3【2020全国I卷】同义词复现 little---small
38 . They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
D. Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E. It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
【解析】38. D。解此题可运用词汇复现法，该空后面的They're the little spots of color和D选项Small color choice是同义词复现，所在段最后一句中的“small color choices”是D项“Small color choices”的原词复现。故答案是D。
技巧三：近义词复现
调研4【2021·全国甲卷】近义词复现 “new” clothes= clothes in good condition
Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. Less people than that, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
38 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【解析】38. G。本题考查近义词复现。本段空白后“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their ‘new’ clothes home.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回家。其中的“clothes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应G选项中的“clean”“in good condition”。
技巧四：反义词复现
调研5【2023·全国甲卷】反义词复现 comfortable和uncomfortable, tolerate和intolerable
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. …
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
…
● Make yourself wait
…
●39 Accept the uncomfortable.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “ 40 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
40.根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
调研6【2021·全国甲卷】反义词复现 more than=less than
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5 — 10 people so you have a nice selection. 37 ，and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【解析】37. A。根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”和下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”可知空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”和下文中“more than that”相对，符合语境。故选A项。
调研7【2020·全国II卷】反义词复现friendlier和unfriendly
While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day 39 . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
39. B。根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。
技巧五：同根词复现
调研8 【2021全国乙卷】同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【解析】40. G。本段主要讲面对“dinner-party killer：awkward silence”(晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬)”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most”(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人)符合语境。G选项中的“He or she”指代the host，“awkwardness”同义复现也是解题提示。故答案是G。
调研9 【2019全国III卷】同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
40. 根据下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D项“获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。”
【高考真题再练】
1.(2023浙江1月卷)
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. 36 But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. 37 Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. 38 In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 39 Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. 40 Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
【答案】36. D37. G38. C39. E40. A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。
36.根据上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. (但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer months”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。
37.根据上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。
38.根据上文“When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. (特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“The temperature on rail cars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。
39.根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. (注意:时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“You might have to wait longer”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。
40.根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts).”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费的秒数。)”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A项。
2. (2023新高考I卷)
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 16 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 17 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 18
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 19 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 20 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】16. D17. B18. F19. C20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
16.根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
17.根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
18.根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
19.根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
20.根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
3. (2023新高考II卷)
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 16 You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 17
Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 18 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
19 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 20 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】16. C17. G18. A19. D20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
16.根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。
17.分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
18.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
19.分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
20.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
【名校好题强化】
1.（2023上·江苏扬州·高一扬州中学校考阶段练习）
Rising costs mean many of us are having to cut back on our spending. 1 However, like any food diet, it’s easy to fall back into the previous condition. Then all that work and sacrifice may go down the drain. So how do you avoid messing up all your good work
●Plan for some treats
The less you have of something, the more you’re likely to desire it, give in and layout a large fortune. And often these treats can be costly. 2 Say it could be a piece of cake rather than a coat, or an off-peak cinema trip rather than a big meal out.
● 3
We often spend in isolation. What I mean here is that we look at the cost of something and compare it with prices of similar products on the shopping list. For example, 3 on a coffee each day might seem insignificant. But if you work out what the money spent could provide elsewhere, you might rethink your choices. Let’s say you need 300 for a holiday, and six months of not buying a coffee could save you the money for your trip. Will you change your mind
●Take away the temptation
4 A takeaway is the perfect example. All you need to do is switch on your cellphone and tapa few buttons. But it is so expensive. Yet the opposite of this isn’t necessarily cooking from scratch. You can prepare for those lazy evenings by cooking in advance and freezing the leftovers. You only need to defrost a few portions when it’s time to eat.
●Cancel your Amazon Prime (付费会员)
Many think of Amazon’s membership scheme as a money saver—and it does sometimes offer extra discounts. But don’t forget you have paid for this already with the 79 annual fee and the “free” delivery can actually remove an important barrier when shopping 5 .
A. Compare your priorities
B. Keep an account of small items
C. Many people find it hard to change consumption habits.
D. Some of our favorite treats are the ones that require little effort.
E. Travelling less or shipping down a brand seems relatively painless.
F. The extra step of choosing shipping could be enough to make you think twice.
G. But choosing alternative rewards costing less can give you the same spending pleasure.
【答案】1. E 2. G 3. A 4. D 5. F
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍一些节省开支的方法。
1. 根据前文“Rising costs mean many of us are having to cut back on our spending.(成本上涨意味着我们中的许多人不得不削减开支)”以及后文“However, like any food diet, it’s easy to fall back into the previous condition. Then all that work and sacrifice may go down the drain.(然而，像任何食物饮食一样，它很容易回到以前的状态)”可知，E项“Travelling less or shipping down a brand seems relatively painless.(减少旅行或者干脆放弃某个品牌似乎相对没有什么痛苦)”是对前文的进一步说明，并和后文构成转折关系。故选E项
2. 根据前文“The less you have of something, the more you’re likely to desire it, give in and layout a large fortune. And often these treats can be costly.(你拥有的东西越少，你就越有可能渴望得到它，然后放弃，然后花费一大笔财富。而且这些乐事往往很昂贵)”以及后文“Say it could be a piece of cake rather than a coat, or an off-peak cinema trip rather than a big meal out.(比如说，它可以是一块蛋糕，而不是一件外套，或者是一次非高峰的电影之旅，而不是一顿大餐)”可知，空处应是提出解决方法，后文举例说明，所以G项“But choosing alternative rewards costing less can give you the same spending pleasure.(但是选择花费更少的其他奖励可以给你带来同样的消费乐趣)”和前文构成转折关系，提出针对前文情况的解决方法，后文是对本句的举例说明。故选G项。
3. 分析设空，空处是本段的小标题，根据后文“We often spend in isolation. What I mean here is that we look at the cost of something and compare it with prices of similar products on the shopping list. For example, 3 on a coffee each day might seem insignificant. But if you work out what the money spent could provide elsewhere, you might rethink your choices. Let’s say you need 300 for a holiday, and six months of not buying a coffee could save you the money for your trip. Will you change your mind (我们经常在隔离中花钱。我的意思是，我们看某物的价格，并将其与购物清单上类似产品的价格进行比较。例如，每天在咖啡上花3英镑可能看起来微不足道。但是，如果你算出这笔钱在其他地方可以提供什么，你可能会重新考虑你的选择。假设你需要300英镑去度假，六个月不买咖啡可以为你节省旅行的钱。你会改变主意吗 )”可知，本段主要讲述了，把自己想要的买的东西作比较，看那个才是自己真正需要的，所以A项“Compare your priorities(比较你的优先事项)”是本段小标题。故选A项。
4. 设空位于本段段首，应总领下文，根据下文“A takeaway is the perfect example. All you need to do is switch on your cellphone and tapa few buttons. But it is so expensive. Yet the opposite of this isn’t necessarily cooking from scratch. You can prepare for those lazy evenings by cooking in advance and freezing the leftovers. You only need to defrost a few portions when it’s time to eat.(外卖就是一个很好的例子。你所需要做的就是打开手机，点击几个按钮。但是太贵了。然而，与此相反的并不一定是从头开始烹饪。你可以提前做好准备，把剩菜冷冻起来。你只需要在吃的时候解冻一小部分)”可知，后文用外卖举例子，所以D项“Some of our favorite treats are the ones that require little effort.(我们最喜欢的一些食物是不需要太多努力的)”符合文意，是本段中心句，引领下文。故选D项。
5. 根据前文“Many think of Amazon’s membership scheme as a money saver—and it does sometimes offer extra discounts. But don’t forget you have paid for this already with the 79 annual fee and the “free” delivery can actually remove an important barrier when shopping.(许多人认为亚马逊的会员制度可以省钱——它有时确实会提供额外的折扣。但别忘了，你已经支付了79英镑的年费，而“免费”送货实际上可以消除购物时的一个重要障碍)”可知，F项“The extra step of choosing shipping could be enough to make you think twice.(选择运输的额外步骤可能足以让你三思而后行)”是对前文陈述的事的总结，符合文意。故选F项。
2.（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）
Lifelong learning and the Future of Work: Challenges and Opportunities
Our world is undergoing dramatic and transformative change technological, organizational, and climatic presenting new challenges to the future of work. These global trends are having a significant impact on skills. 6 . That is because skills acquired today may quickly become obsolete (淘汰的).
The concept of lifelong learning has been around for decades and the ILO (International Labour Organization) has adopted numerous normative instruments and policies related to lifelong learning. 7 . In the old days, we could say let’s go to school, get qualified for a job, enter the labour market and that’s the job of learning done. Now, people need to learn how to learn because learning is going to be a feature of the transitions they are going to go through throughout their lives.
Lifelong learning affects us all. 8 , from early childhood and basic education to adult learning and upskilling to take advantage of change. It is a global concept applying to developed and developing economies. And it requires the active engagement and support of governments, employers and workers.
9 There’s no one size fits all strategy. But there are things we can do. Develop foundational and core work skills. Improve vocational guidance and labour market data. Recognize both formal and informal skills learning. Improve coordination and ensure equitable (公平的) access to learning.
Ultimately, lifelong learning is the key for people to be able to benefit from new ways of working. 10 .
A. Do I need to be active in lifelong learning
B. Many of today’s skills won’t match tomorrow’s jobs
C. How do we adapt lifelong learning to our new reality
D. It is central to managing the transitions we face over the life cycle
E. And it will light the path on our journey to a brighter future at work
F. It is easy to say that people need to keep learning throughout their careers
G. But the transformative change happening now is reshaping its definitions and giving it new importance
【答案】6. B 7. G 8. D 9. C 10. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了终身学习与工作的未来将要面临的挑战与机遇。
6. 根据后文“That is because skills acquired today may quickly become obsolete (淘汰的).(这是因为今天获得的技能可能很快就会过时)”可知，后文提到了今天获得的技能可能很快就会过时，是原因，本空格处应该是结果，即本句是在说明技能和工作不匹配的情况。故B选项“今天的许多技能与明天的工作不匹配”符合语境，故选B。
7. 根据上文“The concept of lifelong learning has been around for decades and the ILO (International Labour Organization) has adopted numerous normative instruments and policies related to lifelong learning.(终身学习的概念已经存在了几十年，国际劳工组织通过了许多与终身学习有关的规范性文书和政策)”以及后文“In the old days, we could say let’s go to school, get qualified for a job, enter the labour market and that’s the job of learning done. Now, people need to learn how to learn because learning is going to be a feature of the transitions they are going to go through throughout their lives.(在过去，我们会说，让我们去上学，获得工作资格，进入劳动力市场，这就是学习的工作。现在，人们需要学会如何学习，因为学习将成为他们一生中所经历的转变的一个特征)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出终身学习的概念正在发生改变，故G选项“但是现在发生的变革正在重塑它的定义，并赋予它新的重要性”符合语境，故选G。
8. 根据上文“Lifelong learning affects us all.(终身学习影响着我们所有人)”和“from early childhood and basic education to adult learning and upskilling to take advantage of change(从幼儿和基础教育到利用变化的成人学习和提高技能。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明终身学习是如何影响着我们所有人的。故D选项“它是管理我们在生命周期中所面临的转变的核心”符合语境，故选D。
9. 根据后文“There’s no one size fits all strategy. But there are things we can do. Develop foundational and core work skills. Improve vocational guidance and labour market data. Recognize both formal and informal skills learning. Improve coordination and ensure equitable (公平的) access to learning.(没有放之四海而皆准的策略。但我们还是有办法的。发展基础和核心工作技能。完善职业指导和劳动力市场数据。承认正式和非正式的技能学习。加强协调，确保公平的学习机会)”可知，后文提到了有办法，可知本句是在提出关于学习适应现实的问题。结合空格后的问号，故C选项“我们如何使终身学习适应新的现实”符合语境，故选C。
10. 根据上文“Ultimately, lifelong learning is the key for people to be able to benefit from new ways of working.(最终，终身学习是人们能够从新的工作方式中受益的关键)”可知，本段为文章最后一段，再次强调终身学习的重要性，E选项中it指代上文lifelong learning。故E选项“它将照亮我们通往更光明未来的工作之路”符合语境，故选E。
3.（2023上·广东·高三茂名市第一中学校联考阶段练习）
How to Effectively Prevent Depression
Depression is a serious mental health condition that can affect anyone, including high school students. It is important for teenagers to be aware of the signs of depression and take appropriate measures to prevent it. Here are some effective strategies to prevent depression.
Maintain a healthy lifestyle. Engaging in regular physical activity, eating a balanced diet, and getting enough sleep are essential for maintaining good mental health. Exercise releases endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural mood boosters, while a nutritious diet provides the necessary nutrients for brain function. 11 .
12 . Surround yourself with positive and supportive friends and family members who can provide emotional support during difficult times. Thus, you can reduce feelings of loneliness and isolation, which are common triggers for depression.
Manage stress. 13 , but learning effective stress management techniques can help prevent depression. Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or yoga. Additionally, prioritize your time and set realistic goals to avoid feeling overwhelmed.
Develop healthy coping mechanisms. 14 , instead of turning to unhealthy coping mechanisms such as substance abuse or self-harm. This can include engaging in hobbies, writing in a journal, or talking to a trusted adult or counselor.
Seek help when needed. You or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of depression. 15 . He/ She can provide guidance, support, and appropriate treatment options.
Remember, prevention is key when it comes to depression. By taking effective steps to maintain good mental health, you can reduce the risk of developing depression and lead a happier and more fulfilling life.
A. Find a helpful partner
B. Build a strong support system
C. The workplace is full of pressure
D. High school can be a stressful time
E. Sufficient sleep is also crucial for emotional well-being
F. It is important to seek help from a mental health professional
G. Find healthier ways to deal with stress and negative emotions
【答案】11. E 12. B 13. D 14. G 15. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了预防抑郁的一些有效策略。
11. 根据本段主旨句“Maintain a healthy lifestyle.(保持健康的生活方式)”以及上文“Engaging in regular physical activity, eating a balanced diet, and getting enough sleep are essential for maintaining good mental health. Exercise releases endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural mood boosters, while a nutritious diet provides the necessary nutrients for brain function.(有规律的体育锻炼、均衡的饮食和充足的睡眠对保持良好的心理健康至关重要。运动释放内啡肽，它是天然的情绪助推器，而营养饮食为大脑功能提供必要的营养)”可知，上文提到体育锻炼、饮食和睡眠三个方面，所以本句应该是关于睡眠方面的作用。故E选项“充足的睡眠对情绪健康也至关重要”符合语境，故选E。
12. 根据后文“Surround yourself with positive and supportive friends and family members who can provide emotional support during difficult times. Thus, you can reduce feelings of loneliness and isolation, which are common triggers for depression.(让自己与积极、支持你的朋友和家人在一起，他们可以在困难时期提供情感支持。因此，你可以减少孤独和孤立的感觉，这是抑郁症的常见诱因)”可知，本段内容介绍的是如何建立一个强大的支持系统及其益处，B项可以概括本段大意，且B项中support与本段中“supportive”“support”呼应。故B选项“建立一个强有力的支持体系”符合语境，故选B。
13. 根据后文“but learning effective stress management techniques can help prevent depression. Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or yoga. Additionally, prioritize your time and set realistic goals to avoid feeling overwhelmed.(但是学习有效的压力管理技巧可以帮助预防抑郁症。练习放松技巧，如深呼吸、冥想或瑜伽。此外，优先安排你的时间，设定现实的目标，以避免感到不知所措)”可知，下文“but”引出应对压力的方法， 所以这里应该是说“高中生活会是一段压力大的时刻”。故D选项“高中是一段充满压力的时光”与下文形成转折关系，符合语境，故选D。
14. 根据下文“instead of turning to unhealthy coping mechanisms such as substance abuse or self-harm(而不是求助于不健康的应对机制，比如滥用药物或自残)”可知，不要寻求不健康的应对机制， 而是“找到应对压力和负面情绪的更健康的方式”。故G选项“找到更健康的方法来应对压力和负面情绪”符合语境，故选G。
15. 根据下文“He/ She can provide guidance, support, and appropriate treatment options.(他/她可以提供指导、支持和适当的治疗方案)”可知，本句应该说“寻求心理健康专业人士的帮助是重要的”。He/She指的是F项中的professional。故F选项“向心理健康专家寻求帮助是很重要的”符合语境，故选F。
4.（2023上·湖北省直辖县级单位·高二校考期中）
Children should spend at least one hour playing and spending time in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts. 16 . It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.
17 . Its 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age. They were interviewed before and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts over the course of several weeks, such as learning about plants.
The children showed a great increase in personal health. 18 . 90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world; 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork; 19 . Perhaps most importantly, 79 percent mentioned they would believe more in themselves.
20 . And the time has been reducing greatly in recent years. A 2017 report found that less than 10 percent of British kids enjoyed themselves in nature, compared to 40 percent of adults when they were younger years ago. To improve the situation, the organization is appealing to the government to free up a daily hour for nature time for kids.
A. This UK organization speaks for 46 groups and 2,300 nature protection areas.
B. However, parents aren’t giving their kids enough nature time.
C. The call comes from a study by University College London.
D. 81 percent said they had better relationships with their teachers.
E. The students are asked to study in University College London for one day.
F. Parents care much about their kids’ nature time.
G. And they also showed a sense of connection with the natural world and high levels of amusement.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. G 19. D 20. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是根据野生动物信托组织的说法，孩子们每天至少应该花一个小时的时间在大自然中玩耍度过时间，然而，父母并没有给孩子们足够的接触大自然时间，而且近年来，这种时间大大缩短。
16. 根据空前的“Children should spend at least one hour playing and spending time in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts.(根据野生动物信托基金会的说法，孩子们每天至少应该花一个小时在大自然中玩耍。)”可知，根据野生动物信托组织的说法，孩子每天至少在大自然玩耍一个小时，结合空后的“It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.(现在，它呼吁政府将自然时间纳入日常学校生活。)”可知，It 指代的是 the Wildlife Trusts仍对该组织进行说明，由此可知，此空处应对该组织介绍，A选项“This UK organization speaks for 46 groups and 2,300 nature protection areas.(这个英国组织代表46个团体和2300个自然保护区发言。)”讲述的内容是对这一组织的进一步解释说明。故选A项。
17. 根据上文中的“It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.(现在，它呼吁政府将自然时间纳入日常学校生活。)”可知，此处是该组织的号召，C选项“The call comes from a study by University College London.(这一号召来自伦敦大学学院的一项研究。)”承接上一段的尾句，其中的 The call 与上一段最后一句中的“It is now calling on”相呼应，对这一号召进行进一步解释，同时引出后文对该研究的情况的介绍，承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。
18. 根据空前的“The children showed a great increase in personal health.(孩子们的个人健康有了很大的提高。)”可知，孩子们在个人健康方面有了很大提高，G选项“And they also showed a sense of connection with the natural world and high levels of amusement.(他们也表现出与自然界的联系感和高层次的愉悦。)”中的“they also showed”与空前的“The children showed”相呼应，也是介绍其好处，承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。
19. 根据空前的“90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world; 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork;(90%的人说他们对自然界有了新的了解;79%的人认为这段经历对他们的学业有帮助;)”可知，此处分析了孩子们与大自然接触后的好处，结合下文中的“Perhaps most importantly, 79 percent mentioned they would believe more in themselves.(也许最重要的是，79%的人提到他们会更相信自己。)”可知，此处继续讲述对孩子们有益的方面，由此可推测，设空处也使用的是相似的结构，且内容应与对孩子们有益的方面有关，D选项“81 percent said they had better relationships with their teachers.(81%的孩子说他们与老师的关系更好了。)”的结构与上下文一致，且讲的是对孩子们有益的方面，符合语境。故选D项。
20. 根据空后的“And the time has been reducing greatly in recent years.(近年来，时间已经大大减少。)”可知，近些年，孩子们在户外活动的时间大大减少了，其中的and表明，此空讲述的内容与孩子们在户外时间减少相关，B选项“However, parents aren’t giving their kids enough nature time.(然而，父母没有给孩子们足够的自然时间。)”中的nature time与空后一句中的the time相呼应。故选B项。
5.（2023上·浙江宁波·高二镇海中学校考期中）
Navigating the Transition to Adulthood
The teenage years are a transformative period of life, a time when you embark on the journey from childhood to adulthood. It’s a period filled with self-discovery, challenges, and personal growth.
Identity Exploration: One of the initial challenges during adolescence is wrestling with your identity. 21 These inquiries of self-discovery can lead to changes in friendships, interests, and even your goals.
Academic and Life Skills: As high school students, you’re dealing with academic pressures, extracurricular activities, and social relationships. Balancing these aspects of life can be challenging, but it’s an opportunity to develop essential life skills.
The Role of Friendships: Friendships play a significant role in your teenage years. They can offer support and shared experiences. 22 . Surround yourself with friends who uplift and respect you, and be a supportive friend in return.
Decision-Making Challenges: Decision-making becomes more crucial during this period of life. 23 Don’t be afraid to seek guidance from trusted adults or mentors when faced with tough choices.
Self-Care and Mental Health: Self-care and mental health are vital for teenage growth. During this period, adolescence brings significant pressure. 24 . Engaging in hobbies, spending time with loved ones, or simply enjoying a quiet moment can offer you a much-needed escape. And always remember: it’s okay to seek help if you’re struggling with anxiety or other challenges.
25 Embrace each moment, savor the journey, and recognize that growth often comes from facing and overcoming challenges. As you navigate your teenage years, remember that you have the strength to thrive and discover your unique place in the world. Your journey is just beginning, and it holds incredible potential.
A. The path to adulthood is winding, with both triumphs and failures.
B. Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation.
C. Questions about who you are and what you stand for are common.
D. From academic choices to personal values, your decisions shape your future.
E. Celebrate your uniqueness and don’t be afraid to be yourself.
F. It’s essential to recognize the value of healthy relationships.
G. Seize the chance to explore your interests and talents.
【答案】21. C 22. F 23. D 24. B 25. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了作为由童年到成年的过度阶段的青春期面临的一些重要的挑战和改变。
21. 上文“One of the initial challenges during adolescence is wrestling with your identity.”（青春期最初的挑战之一是与你的身份作斗争。）说明在青春期，遇到的一个问题是个人认知的问题，并结合下文“These inquiries of self-discovery can lead to changes in friendships, interests, and even your goals.”（这些自我发现的探索可以改变你的友谊、兴趣，甚至你的目标。）可知，C项“Questions about who you are and what you stand for are common.”（关于你是谁，你代表什么是很常见的问题。）中“who you are and what you stand for”照应上文“ your identity”，“Questions”照应下文“These inquiries”，衔接恰当。故选C项。
22. 上文“They can offer support and shared experiences.”（他们可以提供支持和分享经验。）说明了朋友的重要性，并结合下文“Surround yourself with friends who uplift and respect you, and be a supportive friend in return.”（和那些能提升你、尊重你的朋友在一起，作为回报你也要做一个支持朋友的人。）可知，F项“It’s essential to recognize the value of healthy relationships.”（认识到健康关系的价值是很重要的。）中“the value of healthy relationships”照应下文“friends who uplift and respect you and be a supportive friend in return”，朋友尊重你，你也要支持朋友，这就是健康的友谊关系。故选F项。
23. 上文“Decision-making becomes more crucial during this period of life.”（在这一时期，决策变得更加重要。）说明在青春期，做决定至关重要。D项“From academic choices to personal values, your decisions shape your future.”（从学术选择到个人价值观，你的决定塑造了你的未来。）具体说明了为什么做决定很重要，衔接恰当。故选D项。
24. 上文“During this period, adolescence brings significant pressure.”（在这一时期，青春期带来了巨大的压力。）说明，青春期压力剧增，B项“Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation.”（腾出时间做一些能给你带来快乐和放松的活动）给出了具体的舒缓压力的方法，衔接恰当。故选B项。
25. 下文“Embrace each moment, savor the journey, and recognize that growth often comes from facing and overcoming challenges.”（拥抱每一刻，享受旅程，并认识到成长往往来自于面对和克服挑战。）说明由童年到成年的过度阶段会遇到各种事情，我们要做的就是享受每一刻，坦然面对。A项“The path to adulthood is winding, with both triumphs and failures.”（通往成年的道路是曲折的，既有成功也有失败。）引出下文“Embrace each moment”，衔接恰当。故选A项。
6.（2023上·福建泉州·高三福建省德化第一中学校联考阶段练习）
How to Make and Keep a New Year’s Resolution
Are you making a resolution in the New Year You’ll give yourself your best shot at success if your goals are SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound).
Specific. Your resolution should be absolutely clear. Making a concrete goal is really important rather than just vaguely(含糊地) saying “I want to lose weight.” You want to have a goal: How much weight do you want to lose and at what time interval 26
Measurable. This may seem obvious if your goal is a fitness related one, but it’s also important if you’re trying to cut back on something, too. If, for example, you want to stop biting your nails, take pictures of your nails over time so you can track your progress in how those nails grow back out. 27
Achievable. This doesn’t mean that you can’t have big stretch goals. 28 So, for example, deciding to save enough money to retire in five years when you’re 30 years old is probably not realistic, but saving an extra $100 a month may be.
Relevant. 29 If you do it out of a sense of self-hate or a strong passion in that moment, it doesn’t usually last long. But if you build up a process where you’re thinking harder about what’s good for you, then you have a fighting chance.
Time-bound. Like “achievable”, the timeline toward reaching your goal should be realistic, too. That means giving yourself enough time to do it with lots of smaller goals set up along the way. 30
If you’re building a habit, you’re planning for the next decade, not the next couple of months.
A. Five pounds in the next two months—that’s going to be more effective.
B. Is this a goal that really matters to you, and are you making it for the right reasons
C. Logging progress into a journal or making notes in an app can strengthen the progress.
D. Do you have a realistic plan for achieving your resolution
E. Focus on these small wins so you can make gradual progress.
F. But trying to take too big a step too fast can leave you disappointed.
G. It’s a resolution based on someone else’s intention.
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. F 29. B 30. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何制订和保持新年计划。
26. 前文“You want to have a goal: How much weight do you want to lose and at what time interval (你想有一个目标：你想减多少体重，以多少时间间隔？)”讲述了要明确具体在多长时间内瘦多少重量，A项“在接下来的两个月里减掉5磅——这会更有效。”承接上文。故选A。
27. 前文“If, for example, you want to stop biting your nails, take pictures of your nails over time so you can track your progress in how those nails grow back out.(例如，如果你想停止咬指甲，随着时间的推移给你的指甲拍照，这样你就可以跟踪你的指甲长出来的进程。)”讲述了要随着时间推移给指甲拍照来记录指甲生长的进程，空处应进一步讲述记录进程的作用，C项“将进程记录到日志中或在应用程序中做笔记可以加强进度。”符合题意，选项中的progress对应前句中的progress。故选C。
28. 根据本段的主旨句“Achievable. (可实现。)”可知，本段讲述的是制订切实可行的计划。根据前文“This doesn’t mean that you can’t have big stretch goals.(这并不意味着你不能有远大的目标。)”可知，空处应与前文形成转折，讲述制订太大的目标会让人灰心，F项“但是，迈得太大、太快可能会让你失望。”符合题意。故选F。
29. 根据本段的主旨句“Relevant.(相关。)”可知，本段讲述的是制订的计划要相关。后文“If you do it out of a sense of self-hate or a strong passion in that moment, it doesn’t usually last long. But if you build up a process where you’re thinking harder about what’s good for you, then you have a fighting chance.(如果你在那一刻出于自我憎恨或强烈的激情而这样做，通常不会持续太久。但是，如果你建立了一个更加努力地思考什么对你有利的过程，那么你就有了战斗的机会。)”可知，制订的目标要对自己重要，并且要出于正确的理由，B项“这是一个对你来说真正重要的目标吗？你制订这个目标的理由是正确的吗？”符合题意。故选B。
30. 前文“That means giving yourself enough time to do it with lots of smaller goals set up along the way.(这意味着给自己足够的时间去做，一路上设定很多小目标)”讲述了要设定小的目标，E项“专注于这些小胜利，这样你才能逐步进步。”中的these small wins与前文的smaller goals相照应。故选E。
7.（2023上·广东佛山·高一佛山市第四中学校联考阶段练习）
Cultural Differences of Teenagers
Knowing the cultural differences between yourself and others of your age can help you understand friends who are of a different race or culture. 31 You’ll also know if you arc misunderstanding your friend’s behaviour when it seems like he/she is being rude. The major differences between Asian and American teenagers lie in the following aspects:
Family
Family comes first in the Asian culture. 32 While Asian families have a greater dependence on each other, American families encourage their children and teenagers to be independent.
Friendship
Some Asian teens generally prefer having a small group of life-long friends. They are committed and loyal to their friends. Americans often prefer a larger group of friends. There might be less commitment to keeping friends for life because of their bigger pool of possible friendships.
Working Relationships
If you are working on a group project with teens from China or other Asian countries, they might focus on developing a good relationship with you. 33 Developing relationships with their group members might come second.
34
In China and many other Asian countries, making direct eye contact is considered rude and disrespectful. However, in America and some European countries, it is not only seen as appropriate but also necessary because it means the person is paying attention. In Asian culture people are usually more comfortable with less personal space than Americans arc. A touch on the shoulder or an arm is common for Asians even if you don’t know one another.
It’s important to keep in mind that when learning about cultural differences, you should not generalize those differences. 35 All cultures value kindness and respect.
A. Eye Contact
B. Body Language
C. In this way, you’ll experience cultural differences.
D. Teenagers have a strong attachment to their parents.
E. With this understanding, you won’t be thought impolite.
F. However, American teens tend to first focus on the task.
G. The key to understanding them with your friends is to ask them for advice.
【答案】31. E 32. D 33. F 34. B 35. G
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了亚洲和美国青少年的几个文化差异方面。
31. 根据前文“Knowing the cultural differences between yourself and others of your age can help you understand friends who are of a different race or culture.(了解自己和同龄人之间的文化差异可以帮助你理解来自不同种族或文化的朋友)”以及后文“You’ll also know if you arc misunderstanding your friend’s behaviour when it seems like he/she is being rude.(你也会知道当你的朋友看起来很粗鲁的时候，你是否误解了他/她的行为)”可知，E项“With this understanding, you won’t be thought impolite.(有了这种理解，你就不会被认为是不礼貌的)”起到承接作用，With this understanding代指上文提到的“了解自己和同龄人之间的文化差异”，you won’t be thought impolite和下文相呼应，符合文意。故选E项。
32. 根据前文“Family comes first in the Asian culture.(在亚洲文化中，家庭是第一位的)”可知，本段主要讲述了亚洲和美国青少年在家庭方面的差异，而在亚洲文化中，家庭是第一位的，所以D项“Teenagers have a strong attachment to their parents.(青少年对父母有强烈的依恋)”是对前文的进一步解释，并和后文“While Asian families have a greater dependence on each other, American families encourage their children and teenagers to be independent.(亚洲家庭对彼此的依赖程度更高，而美国家庭则鼓励孩子和青少年独立)”相呼应。故选D项。
33. 根据前文“If you are working on a group project with teens from China or other Asian countries, they might focus on developing a good relationship with you.(如果你和来自中国或其他亚洲国家的青少年一起做小组项目，他们可能会专注于与你建立良好的关系)”可知，此处在讲述亚洲青少年在工作关系中的文化，后文“Developing relationships with their group members might come second.(发展与小组成员的关系可能排在第二位)”应是在讲述美国青少年在工作关系中的文化，和亚洲相反，所以F项“However, American teens tend to first focus on the task.(然而，美国青少年倾向于首先关注任务)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选F项。
34. 分析设空，空处是本段小标题，根据后文“In China and many other Asian countries, making direct eye contact is considered rude and disrespectful. However, in America and some European countries, it is not only seen as appropriate but also necessary because it means the person is paying attention. In Asian culture people are usually more comfortable with less personal space than Americans arc. A touch on the shoulder or an arm is common for Asians even if you don’t know one another.(在中国和许多其他亚洲国家，直接的目光接触被认为是粗鲁和不尊重的。然而，在美国和一些欧洲国家，这不仅被认为是适当的，而且是必要的，因为这意味着这个人在注意。在亚洲文化中，人们通常比美国人更愿意拥有较少的个人空间。对亚洲人来说，即使你们彼此不认识，也经常会碰碰肩膀或手臂)”可知，本段讲述了目光接触以及碰碰肩膀或手臂等肢体语言在亚洲和美国青少年中的文化差异，所以B项“Body Language(肢体语言)”是本段小标题。故选B项。
35. 根据前文“It’s important to keep in mind that when learning about cultural differences, you should not generalize those differences.(重要的是要记住，当学习文化差异时，你不应该概括这些差异)”以及后文“All cultures value kindness and respect.(所有的文化都重视善良和尊重)”可知，G项“The key to understanding them with your friends is to ask them for advice.(和朋友一起理解他们的关键是向他们征求意见)”符合本段主题，强调学习文化差异，最好是询问他们，尊重他们。故选G项。
8.（2023上·辽宁大连·高三校联考期中）
The History of the Automobile
The automobile, more commonly known as the car, certainly counts as one of the greatest inventions in human history. 36
As to who invented the automobile, the answer is not quite so clear-cut. While some give credit to Karl Benz, who patented the first gas-powered vehicle in 1886, others give the praise to Gottlieb Daimelr. Incidentally, the two inventors’ companies merge (合 并) in 1926 to form the famous Mercedes-Benz.
37 It was Henry Ford who designed a system of mass production that allowed him to produce cars far more cheaply, which in turn meant he could sell them at lower prices. By 1927, 15 million of Ford’s famous all-black Model Ts had been produced. Mass car ownership had become a reality.
38 Inventors were working on electric vehicles around the same time that gas-powered ones were being developed. The first electric car was designed in 1884 by Thomas Parker, the same man who electrified the London Underground. By 1900, electric vehicles were giving gas cars a run for their money. They were quiet, did not give off emissions, and were easier to drive, especially for women. 39 They were difficult to charge when most people’s homes didn’t have electricity. They were also rather expensive. In the end, Henry Ford’s cheap Model T put an end to interest in electric cars which didn’t become popular until the gas shortages and environmental concerns of the late 20th century.
Now, early in the 21st century, we find ourselves on the brink of yet another age in automobile history. Electric cars are set to make the gas-guzzler (油 老 虎) out of date. 40 Benz, Daimler and Parker would surely be amazed by how far their dreams have come.
A. But why were early electric cars not popular
B. However, they weren’t without shortcomings.
C. They were also popular in European countries.
D. It allows people to travel great distances quickly, safely and cheaply.
E. And self-driving cars may soon make human drivers a thing of the past.
F. At first, European models were far too expensive for most people to buy.
G. Many people think of electric vehicles as a new invention, but actually that’s not the case.
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. G 39. B 40. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了汽车的历史。
36. 由上文“The automobile, more commonly known as the car, certainly counts as one of the greatest inventions in human history. (automobile，俗称汽车，当然是人类历史上最伟大的发明之一)”可知，本空要说跟“为什么是最伟大的发明之一”有关的话题，故D选项“It allows people to travel great distances quickly, safely and cheaply. (它使人们能够快速、安全、廉价地长途旅行)”能承接上文，简要介召汽车的优点，即解释前一句为什么汽车是最伟大的发明之一，符合题意。 故选D。
37. 由下文“It was Henry Ford who designed a system of mass production that allowed him to produce cars far more cheaply, which in turn meant he could sell them at lower prices. (正是亨利·福特设计了一套大规模生产系统，使他能够以更低的成本生产汽车，这反过来意味着他可以以更低的价格销售汽车)”可知，本空要说跟“价格”有关的话题，故F选项“At first, European models were far too expensive for most people to buy. (起初，欧洲车型太贵了，大多数人都买不起)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
38. 由下文“Inventors were working on electric vehicles around the same time that gas-powered ones were being developed. The first electric car was designed in 1884 by Thomas Parker, the same man who electrified the London Underground. (在研发汽油动力汽车的同时，发明家们也在研发电动汽车。第一辆电动汽车是由托马斯·帕克于1884年设计的，他也是伦敦地铁电气化的发明者)”可知，本空要说跟“电动汽车时间”有关的话题，故G选项“Many people think of electric vehicles as a new invention, but actually that’s not the case. (许多人认为电动汽车是一项新发明，但事实并非如此)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选G。
39. 由下文“They were also rather expensive. (它们也相当昂贵)”可知，这是电动汽车的缺点，故B选项“However, they weren’t without shortcomings. (然而，它们并非没有缺点)”能引起下文，符合题意。
40. 由上文“Now, early in the 21st century, we find ourselves on the brink of yet another age in automobile history. Electric cars are set to make the gas-guzzler (油老虎) out of date. (现在，在21世纪初，我们发现自己正处于汽车历史上另一个时代的边缘。电动汽车将使耗油量大的汽车过时)”可知，本空要说跟“汽车发展”有关的话题，故E选项“And self-driving cars may soon make human drivers a thing of the past.(自动驾驶汽车可能很快就会让人类司机成为过去)”能承接上文，符合题意。本题前一句说电动车将会使得燃油汽车退出历史舞台。本空继续展望未来，无人驾 驶车辆将很快取代人员驾驶。故选E。
9.（2022上·四川绵阳·高二四川省绵阳南山中学校考期末）
It seems that some people were simply born charming. When they enter a room, everyone notices their presence. They are like magn2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】
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【近年高考考情】
调研1【2023新高考I卷】原词复现 mistake
调研2【2022新高考I卷】原词复现 notice
调研3【2020全国I卷】同义词复现 little---small
调研4【2021·全国甲卷】近义词复现 “new” clothes= clothes in good condition
调研5【2023·全国甲卷】反义词复现 comfortable和uncomfortable, tolerate和intolerable
调研6【2021·全国甲卷】反义词复现 more than=less than
调研7【2020·全国II卷】反义词复现friendlier和unfriendly
调研8 【2021全国乙卷】同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
调研9 【2019全国III卷】同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
【实用解题妙招】
复现是为保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现主要是指原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现、词汇同现等。
技巧一：原词复现
调研1【2023新高考I卷】原词复现 mistake
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them…
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” …
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” …
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list….
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
调研2【2022新高考I卷】原词复现 notice
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 39
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
技巧二：同义词复现
调研3【2020全国I卷】同义词复现 little---small
38 . They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
D. Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E. It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
技巧三：近义词复现
调研4【2021·全国甲卷】近义词复现 “new” clothes= clothes in good condition
Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. Less people than that, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
38 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
技巧四：反义词复现
调研5【2023·全国甲卷】反义词复现 comfortable和uncomfortable, tolerate和intolerable
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. …
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
…
● Make yourself wait
…
●39 Accept the uncomfortable.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “ 40 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
调研6【2021·全国甲卷】反义词复现 more than=less than
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5 — 10 people so you have a nice selection. 37 ，and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
调研7【2020·全国II卷】反义词复现friendlier和unfriendly
While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day 39 . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
技巧五：同根词复现
调研8 【2021全国乙卷】同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
调研9 【2019全国III卷】同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【高考真题再练】
1.(2023浙江1月卷)
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. 36 But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. 37 Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. 38 In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 39 Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. 40 Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
2. (2023新高考I卷)
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 16 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 17 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 18
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 19 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 20 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
3. (2023新高考II卷)
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 16 You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 17
Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 18 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
19 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 20 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【名校好题强化】
1.（2023上·江苏扬州·高一扬州中学校考阶段练习）
Rising costs mean many of us are having to cut back on our spending. 1 However, like any food diet, it’s easy to fall back into the previous condition. Then all that work and sacrifice may go down the drain. So how do you avoid messing up all your good work
●Plan for some treats
The less you have of something, the more you’re likely to desire it, give in and layout a large fortune. And often these treats can be costly. 2 Say it could be a piece of cake rather than a coat, or an off-peak cinema trip rather than a big meal out.
● 3
We often spend in isolation. What I mean here is that we look at the cost of something and compare it with prices of similar products on the shopping list. For example, 3 on a coffee each day might seem insignificant. But if you work out what the money spent could provide elsewhere, you might rethink your choices. Let’s say you need 300 for a holiday, and six months of not buying a coffee could save you the money for your trip. Will you change your mind
●Take away the temptation
4 A takeaway is the perfect example. All you need to do is switch on your cellphone and tapa few buttons. But it is so expensive. Yet the opposite of this isn’t necessarily cooking from scratch. You can prepare for those lazy evenings by cooking in advance and freezing the leftovers. You only need to defrost a few portions when it’s time to eat.
●Cancel your Amazon Prime (付费会员)
Many think of Amazon’s membership scheme as a money saver—and it does sometimes offer extra discounts. But don’t forget you have paid for this already with the 79 annual fee and the “free” delivery can actually remove an important barrier when shopping 5 .
A. Compare your priorities
B. Keep an account of small items
C. Many people find it hard to change consumption habits.
D. Some of our favorite treats are the ones that require little effort.
E. Travelling less or shipping down a brand seems relatively painless.
F. The extra step of choosing shipping could be enough to make you think twice.
G. But choosing alternative rewards costing less can give you the same spending pleasure.
2.（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）
Lifelong learning and the Future of Work: Challenges and Opportunities
Our world is undergoing dramatic and transformative change technological, organizational, and climatic presenting new challenges to the future of work. These global trends are having a significant impact on skills. 6 . That is because skills acquired today may quickly become obsolete (淘汰的).
The concept of lifelong learning has been around for decades and the ILO (International Labour Organization) has adopted numerous normative instruments and policies related to lifelong learning. 7 . In the old days, we could say let’s go to school, get qualified for a job, enter the labour market and that’s the job of learning done. Now, people need to learn how to learn because learning is going to be a feature of the transitions they are going to go through throughout their lives.
Lifelong learning affects us all. 8 , from early childhood and basic education to adult learning and upskilling to take advantage of change. It is a global concept applying to developed and developing economies. And it requires the active engagement and support of governments, employers and workers.
9 There’s no one size fits all strategy. But there are things we can do. Develop foundational and core work skills. Improve vocational guidance and labour market data. Recognize both formal and informal skills learning. Improve coordination and ensure equitable (公平的) access to learning.
Ultimately, lifelong learning is the key for people to be able to benefit from new ways of working. 10 .
A. Do I need to be active in lifelong learning
B. Many of today’s skills won’t match tomorrow’s jobs
C. How do we adapt lifelong learning to our new reality
D. It is central to managing the transitions we face over the life cycle
E. And it will light the path on our journey to a brighter future at work
F. It is easy to say that people need to keep learning throughout their careers
G. But the transformative change happening now is reshaping its definitions and giving it new importance
3.（2023上·广东·高三茂名市第一中学校联考阶段练习）
How to Effectively Prevent Depression
Depression is a serious mental health condition that can affect anyone, including high school students. It is important for teenagers to be aware of the signs of depression and take appropriate measures to prevent it. Here are some effective strategies to prevent depression.
Maintain a healthy lifestyle. Engaging in regular physical activity, eating a balanced diet, and getting enough sleep are essential for maintaining good mental health. Exercise releases endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural mood boosters, while a nutritious diet provides the necessary nutrients for brain function. 11 .
12 . Surround yourself with positive and supportive friends and family members who can provide emotional support during difficult times. Thus, you can reduce feelings of loneliness and isolation, which are common triggers for depression.
Manage stress. 13 , but learning effective stress management techniques can help prevent depression. Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or yoga. Additionally, prioritize your time and set realistic goals to avoid feeling overwhelmed.
Develop healthy coping mechanisms. 14 , instead of turning to unhealthy coping mechanisms such as substance abuse or self-harm. This can include engaging in hobbies, writing in a journal, or talking to a trusted adult or counselor.
Seek help when needed. You or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of depression. 15 . He/ She can provide guidance, support, and appropriate treatment options.
Remember, prevention is key when it comes to depression. By taking effective steps to maintain good mental health, you can reduce the risk of developing depression and lead a happier and more fulfilling life.
A. Find a helpful partner
B. Build a strong support system
C. The workplace is full of pressure
D. High school can be a stressful time
E. Sufficient sleep is also crucial for emotional well-being
F. It is important to seek help from a mental health professional
G. Find healthier ways to deal with stress and negative emotions
4.（2023上·湖北省直辖县级单位·高二校考期中）
Children should spend at least one hour playing and spending time in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts. 16 . It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.
17 . Its 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age. They were interviewed before and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts over the course of several weeks, such as learning about plants.
The children showed a great increase in personal health. 18 . 90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world; 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork; 19 . Perhaps most importantly, 79 percent mentioned they would believe more in themselves.
20 . And the time has been reducing greatly in recent years. A 2017 report found that less than 10 percent of British kids enjoyed themselves in nature, compared to 40 percent of adults when they were younger years ago. To improve the situation, the organization is appealing to the government to free up a daily hour for nature time for kids.
A. This UK organization speaks for 46 groups and 2,300 nature protection areas.
B. However, parents aren’t giving their kids enough nature time.
C. The call comes from a study by University College London.
D. 81 percent said they had better relationships with their teachers.
E. The students are asked to study in University College London for one day.
F. Parents care much about their kids’ nature time.
G. And they also showed a sense of connection with the natural world and high levels of amusement.
5.（2023上·浙江宁波·高二镇海中学校考期中）
Navigating the Transition to Adulthood
The teenage years are a transformative period of life, a time when you embark on the journey from childhood to adulthood. It’s a period filled with self-discovery, challenges, and personal growth.
Identity Exploration: One of the initial challenges during adolescence is wrestling with your identity. 21 These inquiries of self-discovery can lead to changes in friendships, interests, and even your goals.
Academic and Life Skills: As high school students, you’re dealing with academic pressures, extracurricular activities, and social relationships. Balancing these aspects of life can be challenging, but it’s an opportunity to develop essential life skills.
The Role of Friendships: Friendships play a significant role in your teenage years. They can offer support and shared experiences. 22 . Surround yourself with friends who uplift and respect you, and be a supportive friend in return.
Decision-Making Challenges: Decision-making becomes more crucial during this period of life. 23 Don’t be afraid to seek guidance from trusted adults or mentors when faced with tough choices.
Self-Care and Mental Health: Self-care and mental health are vital for teenage growth. During this period, adolescence brings significant pressure. 24 . Engaging in hobbies, spending time with loved ones, or simply enjoying a quiet moment can offer you a much-needed escape. And always remember: it’s okay to seek help if you’re struggling with anxiety or other challenges.
25 Embrace each moment, savor the journey, and recognize that growth often comes from facing and overcoming challenges. As you navigate your teenage years, remember that you have the strength to thrive and discover your unique place in the world. Your journey is just beginning, and it holds incredible potential.
A. The path to adulthood is winding, with both triumphs and failures.
B. Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation.
C. Questions about who you are and what you stand for are common.
D. From academic choices to personal values, your decisions shape your future.
E. Celebrate your uniqueness and don’t be afraid to be yourself.
F. It’s essential to recognize the value of healthy relationships.
G. Seize the chance to explore your interests and talents.
6.（2023上·福建泉州·高三福建省德化第一中学校联考阶段练习）
How to Make and Keep a New Year’s Resolution
Are you making a resolution in the New Year You’ll give yourself your best shot at success if your goals are SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound).
Specific. Your resolution should be absolutely clear. Making a concrete goal is really important rather than just vaguely(含糊地) saying “I want to lose weight.” You want to have a goal: How much weight do you want to lose and at what time interval 26
Measurable. This may seem obvious if your goal is a fitness related one, but it’s also important if you’re trying to cut back on something, too. If, for example, you want to stop biting your nails, take pictures of your nails over time so you can track your progress in how those nails grow back out. 27
Achievable. This doesn’t mean that you can’t have big stretch goals. 28 So, for example, deciding to save enough money to retire in five years when you’re 30 years old is probably not realistic, but saving an extra $100 a month may be.
Relevant. 29 If you do it out of a sense of self-hate or a strong passion in that moment, it doesn’t usually last long. But if you build up a process where you’re thinking harder about what’s good for you, then you have a fighting chance.
Time-bound. Like “achievable”, the timeline toward reaching your goal should be realistic, too. That means giving yourself enough time to do it with lots of smaller goals set up along the way. 30
If you’re building a habit, you’re planning for the next decade, not the next couple of months.
A. Five pounds in the next two months—that’s going to be more effective.
B. Is this a goal that really matters to you, and are you making it for the right reasons
C. Logging progress into a journal or making notes in an app can strengthen the progress.
D. Do you have a realistic plan for achieving your resolution
E. Focus on these small wins so you can make gradual progress.
F. But trying to take too big a step too fast can leave you disappointed.
G. It’s a resolution based on someone else’s intention.
7.（2023上·广东佛山·高一佛山市第四中学校联考阶段练习）
Cultural Differences of Teenagers
Knowing the cultural differences between yourself and others of your age can help you understand friends who are of a different race or culture. 31 You’ll also know if you arc misunderstanding your friend’s behaviour when it seems like he/she is being rude. The major differences between Asian and American teenagers lie in the following aspects:
Family
Family comes first in the Asian culture. 32 While Asian families have a greater dependence on each other, American families encourage their children and teenagers to be independent.
Friendship
Some Asian teens generally prefer having a small group of life-long friends. They are committed and loyal to their friends. Americans often prefer a larger group of friends. There might be less commitment to keeping friends for life because of their bigger pool of possible friendships.
Working Relationships
If you are working on a group project with teens from China or other Asian countries, they might focus on developing a good relationship with you. 33 Developing relationships with their group members might come second.
34
In China and many other Asian countries, making direct eye contact is considered rude and disrespectful. However, in America and some European countries, it is not only seen as appropriate but also necessary because it means the person is paying attention. In Asian culture people are usually more comfortable with less personal space than Americans arc. A touch on the shoulder or an arm is common for Asians even if you don’t know one another.
It’s important to keep in mind that when learning about cultural differences, you should not generalize those differences. 35 All cultures value kindness and respect.
A. Eye Contact
B. Body Language
C. In this way, you’ll experience cultural differences.
D. Teenagers have a strong attachment to their parents.
E. With this understanding, you won’t be thought impolite.
F. However, American teens tend to first focus on the task.
G. The key to understanding them with your friends is to ask them for advice.
8.（2023上·辽宁大连·高三校联考期中）
The History of the Automobile
The automobile, more commonly known as the car, certainly counts as one of the greatest inventions in human history. 36
As to who invented the automobile, the answer is not quite so clear-cut. While some give credit to Karl Benz, who patented the first gas-powered vehicle in 1886, others give the praise to Gottlieb Daimelr. Incidentally, the two inventors’ companies merge (合 并) in 1926 to form the famous Mercedes-Benz.
37 It was Henry Ford who designed a system of mass production that allowed him to produce cars far more cheaply, which in turn meant he could sell them at lower prices. By 1927, 15 million of Ford’s famous all-black Model Ts had been produced. Mass car ownership had become a reality.
38 Inventors were working on electric vehicles around the same time that gas-powered ones were being developed. The first electric car was designed in 1884 by Thomas Parker, the same man who electrified the London Underground. By 1900, electric vehicles were giving gas cars a run for their money. They were quiet, did not give off emissions, and were easier to drive, especially for women. 39 They were difficult to charge when most people’s homes didn’t have electricity. They were also rather expensive. In the end, Henry Ford’s cheap Model T put an end to interest in electric cars which didn’t become popular until the gas shortages and environmental concerns of the late 20th century.
Now, early in the 21st century, we find ourselves on the brink of yet another age in automobile history. Electric cars are set to make the gas-guzzler (油 老 虎) out of date. 40 Benz, Daimler and Parker would surely be amazed by how far their dreams have come.
A. But why were early electric cars not popular
B. However, they weren’t without shortcomings.
C. They were also popular in European countries.
D. It allows people to travel great distances quickly, safely and cheaply.
E. And self-driving cars may soon make human drivers a thing of the past.
F. At first, European models were far too expensive for most people to buy.
G. Many people think of electric vehicles as a new invention, but actually that’s not the case.
9.（2022上·四川绵阳·高二四川省绵阳南山中学校考期末）
It seems that some people were simply born charming. When they enter a room, everyone notices their presence. They are like magnets. 41 The key is to have certain habits that charming people have in common.
Charming People Give You Their Undivided Attention
Stop to think about two or three likable people you know. Do they constantly check their phone while you are talking to them Do they continually redirect conversations to themselves so they can become the center of attention Probably not. They ask you intelligent questions and show a true interest in what’s going on in your life. 42
They Follow Through
43 They are not “all words and no action.” Average people often say “Let me know if you need any help” . However, when it comes to the crunch and you turn to them for help, the answer will often be “I’d really love to help, but…” There’s always a “but.” 44 If they say they will help, they will.
They Take Real Pleasure in Proactively Helping Others
Charming people don’t preach or tell you how to do things, and they certainly don’t brag about their own lives and successes. 45 They will likely refuse any “reward” offered as they expect nothing in return. And they are the ones helping you even if you don’t ask for it.
In a word, charming people will always let their actions talk for them instead of words. If we were all wired that way, we would probably become popular too.
A. They always surprise you with something new.
B. You won’t find this with charming people, however.
C. Therefore, don’t make promises that you can not keep.
D. They take delight in giving you a helping hand proactively instead.
E. They focus on being “interested” rather than appearing “interesting.”
F. One common quality of charming people is that they stick to their words.
G. However, we are all born with the ability to attract other people’s interest in us.
10.（2023上·河南驻马店·高二统考期中）
Wanting to spend some time camping this summer But you’ re afraid it’s going to be a disaster You needn’t worry. 46 . With a little preparation and a little help from a camp planner, you can have the camping experience of your dreams.
Discuss Camping with Your Children
A little preparation goes a long way. If your children have never camped, they may be scared or resistant to the idea. Talk with them about what camping will be like and what they will experience. Highlight the fun things but don’t avoid things that they may be afraid of or unsure about. 47 .
Pack in-Case-of-Rain Activities
No one likes rain when they are trying to enjoy the outdoors, but sometimes even if you check your local forecast, rain happens. 48 , like playing cards and a chess set to wait out the rain. Rainy afternoons are also a perfect time for naps and storytelling. Some favorite family memories can be made waiting for the rain to pass.
Pack Special Snacks
49 . Cookies and roasted marshmallows are some good foods and you can find some more fun treats to share on your camping adventure like walking tacos and campfire chili. Camp food can become long-lasting traditions in your family.
Use a Camping Planner
Let’s face it — planning a camping trip can be a lot. 50 . You can use a camping planner to help you get organized and make sure you have a truly memorable camping experience. The Camping Planner includes a comprehensive packing checklist, a camp meal planner and grocery shopping lists, along with lists of your favorite camping spots and places to try in the future and so much more.
A. But you don’t have to do it all alone
B. Make sure you pack necessary things
C. Here are some of our favorite natural games
D. Camping without special snacks is not perfect
E. Open the conversations and answer them honestly
F. An interesting trip unnecessarily means an easy one
G. Camping can be a wonderful experience for your family
11.（2023上·江苏镇江·高三统考期中）
Living with self-doubt can be very challenging. It limits potential and breaks morale. Here are some strategies that you can use to overcome self-doubt.
● Self-compassion (自我同情) is the key.
We often doubt ourselves when we have the fear of losing, but that is a grave mistake we make. Everyone will make mistakes at some part in their lives, but we have to grow from those mistakes and transform them into a lesson.
Start your day with some positivity, look at yourself in the mirror, and make some positive affirmations (肯定). 51
● Reflect back to your past achievements.
52 Self-reflection is one of the best tools to eliminate self-doubt. It makes you remember that you once achieved something great, and it makes you believe that you can achieve that level of success again through concentrated efforts. Learn from your mistakes and move on, and you are meant for great things!
● 53
“You are known by the company you keep”, is one of the best sayings to explain this strategy. We should be surrounded by people that support and love us, not people that constantly make us doubt ourselves. Good people will help you recover from negative and stressful situations.
●Seek professional help if necessary.
54 This is the time when we should seek professional help. Talk about your feelings often, and let all the negative emotions out, which will make you feel a lot better.
● Start journaling events.
In life, there will come many events that we are thankful for, especially our achievements. 55 This journaling of events will be really helpful when you are doubting yourself.
A. Develop new friendships.
B. This will make your day better!
C. They won’t encourage you to be better.
D. Always be in the company of supportive people.
E. It is better to start keeping track or record of them.
F. Sometimes the situation can become too much to handle.
G. Do you remember the time when you achieved something remarikable
12.（2023·河北石家庄·一模）
There’s a reason why so many people love running early in the morning. 56 Not only do you begin your day more relaxed and refreshed, but you’ve already started things of with an accomplishment. If you think you’re ready to take advantage of the benefits of a morning run, here are five suggestions from the professionals.
●Find a friend, and be gentle with yourself
Finding a partner to run with will give you someone to be responsible for, and make it much harder to blow off the run. It’s also important to remember that this is a process, and you can’t expect to do it perfectly from the beginning. 57 “Once you get into the habit, it becomes natural and actually jump starts your day,” says Sheri Piers, top American finisher at the 2012 Boston Marathon.
●Embrace the movement
“The first few steps or blocks will be tough in the morning. They always are,” says Dr. Jordan Metzl, who has over 32 marathon finishes under his belt. With a practice of more than 20, 000 patients, Metzl’s days are jam-packed, so early morning runs are a must. 58 “Sometimes you have to just do it, and remember that the motivation will come later.” he says.
●Stay warm
59 “If I go to bed in my sports wear, all I need to do is throw on the outer layers and head out the door. At least that takes away some of the inconvenience,” says Tina Muir, a half-marathoner. She also leaves her alarm on the other side of the room to help push herself up.
● 60
“I view waking up early like tearing off a Band-Aid,” says Michele Gonzalez, a running coach. “It’s gonna hurt for a bit.” Her advice is relatively simple. “You just have to set the alarm early and start doing it,” she says. “After a few days, you’ll be tired earlier at night and will start going to bed earlier. This makes the early alarm feel a bit more manageable.”
A. It has major benefits.
B. Have a training plan.
C. Make peace with the pain.
D. It’s just like warming up a car in the winter.
E. Even if you have a setback or two, keep at it.
F. Still, he knows how hard it can be to get motivated.
G. The worst part is getting changed in the cold air especially in winter.
13.（2023上·安徽·高三校联考阶段练习）
Gesturing is powerful and important to our conversations. The challenge is to use it to good effect. Here are some tips that can help you take advantage of gesturing.
Encourage gesturing in your children, students and anyone else you are trying to teach. 61 Gesturing while learning will also make them more likely to solve the same problem in a new way. That is important because being able to generalize what we learn is essential to acquiring new knowledge.
62 While learning to talk, children typically convey sentence-like meanings in a combination of gesture and speech before using words alone -- for example, pointing at a box and saying “open”. If a child fails to produce these gesture-word combinations, it may be a sign that their spoken language development will be delayed, allowing you to intervene and help.
Pay attention to other people’s gestures. These offer a window into the speakers’ thoughts. These thoughts are often at the cutting-edge of their knowledge or address issues that are uppermost in their minds. 63
Be careful that your gestures say what you want them to. Those you talk to will pay attention to your gestures, so choose them wisely. 64 And if you are questioning someone, be aware that a gesture may unintentionally influence them to tell you what you want to hear rather than give their own fair answer.
Gesture more when you speak. It will help you learn and understand more. If you gesture while talking, you will remember more of what you have said. 65 This can give you a way of seeing what others are thinking but not saying.
A. Observe the gesturing of kids.
B. Remember, gestures can reveal what you might want to hide.
C. This will help them understand the material you are conveying.
D. Whether we realize it or not, gestures are a part of our communication.
E. What’s more, when you gesture, the people around you tend to do so too.
F. Noticing and responding to such gestures will help you understand their thoughts.
G. Knowing how to use gestures effectively can make you a better communicator.
14.（2023上·山东济南·高三校考阶段练习）
If you’ve ever kept a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then the chances are good that these same people have kept secrets from you.Not all of them, and not at every moment, 66 The hard part of having a secret is not that you have to hide it, but that you have to live with it.So even if you do have fears and worries, know that the research shows people react more positively to disclosures (吐露秘密) than we often imagine.It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive. 67 If you are in the middle of a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, then recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.
You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling. 68 When people reveal secrets to others, they are often looking for help, and often seek out the people who prove most helpful.
Another person can offer you two different kinds of help: emotional support and practical support.If you can find someone you feel comfortable opening up to, they are likely to give you one, even if not both kinds.They might express sympathy or empathy, or share with you a similar struggle they have overcome. 69 The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.
If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need.Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others. 70
A. but here are some tips for you to know their secrets.
B. When you open up to others, others will open up to you.
C. but some of them some of the time.
D. But when you take the risk, your friend will recognize this and appreciate it.
E. Other people can offer positive perspectives, guidance, and advice.
F. A disclosure with no receiver is barely a closure at all.
G. They still hide their own secrets.
15.（2023上·四川雅安·高三统考阶段练习）
A healthy and positive mindset is essential for your quality of life. Even if you’re facing major constraints—like your job or your finances—you can change negative thought patterns right away. In this article, we’ll share some ways to cultivate positivity.
Get a positive mood as soon as possible with a fun morning routine. Open up the curtains to let in some sunlight, turn on upbeat music and do some morning stretches. 71 Fun routines brighten your day and help you look forward to waking up.
Surround yourself with positive people to build your optimism. Find friends who focus on what they’re happy about. Build a network of people who approach life with lots of positivity. 72
Help others and you’ll be happy about making a difference. Write down the ways that you
have helped someone else and contributed to their well-being. This activity proves you’ve made a strong impact on your community. 73 Offering assistance to others will help you feel like you have the power to improve people’s circumstances.
74 To combat stress, fatigue, or frustrations, set aside moments to unwind. Try out activities that calm you, like reading a book, watching a show, or chatting with a friend. Use mindfulness routines, like yoga or deep breathing, to take care of your body and regulate your mood.
Join a social group to feel valued and included. 75 By being part of the group, you’ll see how much you matter to others. Bond with others and chat about common interests—the sense of community will reassure you that you always have people to turn to.
A. Take time to relax and uplift your mood.
B. Celebrate life by finding the humor in it.
C. Spend less time with those who bring you down.
D. As a result, you’ll be positive about what you’re capable of.
E. Belonging to a social group helps build a positive outlook.
F. You’ll transform yourself and your mindset with some simple habits.
G. Eat a tasty and nutritious breakfast and start a task that makes you smile.
16.（2023上·广东汕头·高三统考期中）
Constructing an impressive and visually appealing resume (简历) can be challenging, but a few strategies can help you use your resume as a showcase of what makes you the best candidate for a job. Learning what to include in a resume can help you build a resume that will impress hiring managers. 76
Give your contact information. The first item on your resume should be your first and last name, a phone number and an email address. You can also include your address, whether it’s the full mailing address or just your city and state. 77
78 The work experience section of your resume should be more than a simple list of your previous positions. It should also effectively describe your work experience to enhance your candidacy. If you are seeking your first job, for example, you may not have any previous professional experience to include, but you can include relevant internships or volunteer work.
Include your education. Most jobs require at least some education, and employers seek this information on your resume. List your highest level of education completed first, then subsequent degrees and diplomas (文凭). 79 When entering a degree or diploma you are currently completing, add the date you began pursuing it and leave the end date blank.
List relevant skills. Near the end of your resume, you should include a section for any skills that may be relevant and can enhance your appeal as a candidate. 80 Soft skills may be abilities such as communication or leadership while hard skills could be computer programs or technical knowledge.
A. Add your work experience.
B. Explain your achievements and awards.
C. You may also choose to include any active licenses or certifications.
D. Follow these steps to show employers you are the best fit for their position.
E. When including your skills, choose both hard and soft skills that relate to the role.
F. When potential employers review your resume, they frequently go through it quickly.
G. Many companies prefer to hire local employees to reduce relocation time and expenses.
