2023-2024学年第一学期高二年段第一次诊断性测试
英语试卷
(满分：150分，完卷时间：120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When does the woman like to meet John
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. An artist. B. A dish. C. A trip.
3. How does the man feel
A. Tired. B. Thirsty. C. Dizzy.
4. What will the woman probably order
A. Fried fish. B. Beef steak. C. Roast chicken.
5. Where will the man be at 11：00
A. At the airport. B. At the office. C. At the restaurant.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man call the woman
A. To invite her to London. B. To offer her a part-time job.
C. To ask her to find a place for him.
7. What can we learn about the man
A. He is good at doing housework. B. He prefers to stay with a host family.
C. He likes staying with young children.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a bookstore. B. In a study. C. In a library.
9. What are the speakers looking for
A. Some valuable second-hand books. B. The 19th-century poetry as a present.
C. The books with Shakespeare’s words.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When does the conversation probably take place
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
11. What’s the weather like today
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
12. Who will pick up the children from school
A. Lily. B. The man. C. The woman.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13 What are the speakers doing
A. Looking for dresses. B. Buying clothes in the shop. C. Talking about shopping online.
14. How much can the woman save if she buys the shirt on the Internet
A. $6. B. $14. C. $20.
15. What color does the man like best
A. Brown. B. Blue. C. White.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The man isn’t satisfied. B. The man can try on the shirt first.
C. The shirt will arrive within two days.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What’s the statement mainly about
A. Keys to teaching English. B. Advice on learning English.
C. Ways to use everyday English.
18. What does the speaker probably do
A. A fluent English speaker. B. An expert in language learning.
C. A beginner in language learning.
19. Who may consider the first suggestion useless
A. A beginner. B. An experienced teacher.
C. The one who has learned English for years.
20. What’s the fastest way to learn English according to the speaker
A. Making a good plan. B. Keeping practicing. C. Learning it step by step.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.
Wu Chienshiung (1912—1997)
Born in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world’s first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu’s critical role in the work was overlooked.
Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000)
Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology.
Katherine Johns (1918—2020)
African American NASA mathematician Johnson’s calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33-year career at NASA Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”.
Tu Youyou (1930—)
Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria. Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize.
1. Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a(n) ________.
A. composer B. producer C. actress D. mathematician
2. What is Tu Youyou’s greatest contribution to the world
A. She treated people for cancer. B. She is the first Chinese Nobel winner.
C. Her discovery helped save millions. D. Her research project is one of a kind.
3. What do the four female scientists have in common according to the text
A. They shared the same interest. B. They each constructed a theory.
C. They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D. They all made a difference to the world.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了4名改变世界的女性科学家。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000)中的“Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor.(奥地利出生的拉玛出演了许多好莱坞电影，并取得了巨大的成功。她还非常聪明，是一个自学成才的发明家)”可知，除了是一个发明家，海蒂·拉玛也是一个女演员。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tu Youyou (1930—)中的“Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. (她的工作拯救了全世界数百万人的生命)”可知，屠呦呦对世界最大的贡献是她的发现帮助拯救了数百万人。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world. (下面是四位打破界限、改变世界的人)”可知，这四位女科学家共同之处是她们都对世界产生了影响。故选D。
B
A picture of 17-year-old Zhang Guimei has won great popularity on China's social media. The young girl with black-rimmed glasses and two short braids is smiling brightly into the izens are deeply touched by the fresh-faced girl in the picture, which is a far cry from Zhang's now aged and weathered face people are familiar with, as it tells a story of a woman who has devoted her life to promoting education and fighting poverty in rural areas.
Born in Northeast China's Heilongjiang province in 1957, Zhang traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17 and has been helping girls from poor areas pursue education for over 40 years. Zhang helped establish the country's first senior high school to offer free education for girls from poor families. The school provides free education to girls who would otherwise have had no chance to study after completing their nine years of compulsory education.
Despite having serious health problems, Zhang Guimei took morning classes with students for 12 years. She has also racked up 110,000 kilometers visiting her students' families over the years. Most of her salary and bonuses were spent on students. Since the school opened in 2008, it has seen more than 1,800 students progress to universities and colleges.
“I was built to be a mountain not a creek, rising to the high peaks with the small valleys at my feet. I was born to be great, not worthless, standing on the shoulders of the giants, the petty cowards beneath me." The motto of Huaping High School for Girls is also a true reflection of Zhang Guimei's strength and resolve.
On Feb 25, 2021 President Xi Jinping presented an award to Zhang Guimei to mark the nation's poverty alleviation accomplishments and honor exceptional poverty fighters at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
4. Why are netizens deeply moved by the photo
A. Because the girl's appearance catches their eye.
B. Because they are familiar with Zhang's face.
C. Because it reminds them of an admirable figure.
D. Because it spreads wildly on China's social media.
5. What does the underlined phrase “racked up" in paragraph 4 mean
A. increased
B. collected.
C. extended.
D. gained.
6. Which of the following best describes Zhang Guimei according to the passage
A. devoted, knowledgeable.
B. selfless, independent.
C. responsible, creative.
D. determined, ambitious.
7. Where does the text probably come from
A. A news report.
B. A biography.
C. A history book.
D. A storybook.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了一个致力于农村教育和扶贫的先进个人——张桂梅。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Netizens are deeply touched by the fresh-faced girl in the picture, which is a far cry from Zhang's now aged and weathered face people are familiar with, as it tells a story of a woman who has devoted her life to promoting education and fighting poverty in rural areas.( 照片中的年轻女孩被网民们深深感动，这与人们所熟悉的张老饱经风霜的脸相形见远，因为这张照片讲述了一个致力于农村教育和扶贫的女人的故事。)”及下文对照片上女孩故事的具体介绍可以推断出网友们为何被这张照片深深打动是因为它让他们想起了一个令人钦佩的人物。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“110,000 kilometers visiting her students' families over the years”可以推断出划线词的意思是“走过的路程加起来”，即“累计”的意思，A. increased增加；B. collected收集；聚集；C. extended延伸；扩大；D. gained增加。结合选项可知选项B意思最为接近。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“has been helping girls from poor areas pursue education for over 40 years. Zhang helped establish the country's first senior high school to offer free education for girls from poor families. (40多年来一直在帮助贫困地区的女孩接受教育。张帮助建立了中国第一所为贫困家庭的女孩提供免费教育的高中。)”及第三段“She has also racked up 110,000 kilometers visiting her students' families over the years. Most of her salary and bonuses were spent on students. Since the school opened in 2008, it has seen more than 1,800 students progress to universities and colleges.( 多年来，她还跑了11万公里去探访学生的家庭。她的大部分工资和奖金都花在了学生身上。自2008年开设以来，已有1800多名学生升入大学和学院。)”可以推断出张老师是一个非常专注、有毅力、有决心而有无私的人。结合选项可知选项D. determined, ambitious.(有决心的；有雄心的)概括较为准确。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章的主要内容是：讲述了张桂梅致力于农村教育和扶贫的先进事迹。由此可推知本文最可能来自于对先进人士进行报道的新闻报道。故选A。
C
There’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).
You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming (编程) help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server (服务器), it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
However, ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
8. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A. Its language model. B. Its working theory.
C. Its design inspiration. D. Its development process.
9. Why does the author list figures in paragraph 3
A. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
10. What is ChatGPT Plus intended for
A. Guiding users to experience free services.
B. Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
C. Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
D. Offering consumers priority access during peak hours.
11. What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google
A. It operates based on limited data.
B It takes more time to search for solutions.
C. It can only update information at a fixed time.
D. It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。ChatGPT是OpenAI于2022年11月发布的人工智能聊天机器人系统，旨在展示和测试一个非常庞大、强大的人工智能系统可以实现的功能。文章对此进行了介绍。
8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).(ChatGPT会记住对话的线索，使用之前的问题和答案来通知它的下一个响应。它从互联网上的海量信息中获取答案。ChatGPT建立在OpenAI GPT-3系列大型语言模型之上，并使用监督学习和强化学习进行微调（一种迁移学习方法）。)”可知，第二段主要是讲ChatGPT的工作原理。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第三句到最后一句“A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.(上线几天后，超过100万人试用了ChatGPT。瑞银分析师劳埃德·沃姆斯利在2023年2月估计，ChatGPT在1月份的月用户数达到1亿，用了2个月就完成了TikTok花了9个月、Instagram花了两年半的时间。)”可知，第三段中罗列数据是为了表明ChatGPT的受欢迎程度。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段倒第二句“As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times.(截至2023年2月1日，OpenAI有一个ChatGPT pro计划，ChatGPT Plus，允许用户即使在高峰时间也可以访问。)”可知，ChatGPT Plus计划在高峰时段为消费者提供优先访问权限。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.(因为它的编程，ChatGPT的知识有限，但谷歌有无限的知识，每天更新。)”可知，和Google相比，ChatGPT的局限在于它的运作基于有限的数据。故选A。
D
Modern medicine and the latest technology can save many lives. If you live in a country where healthcare is readily available and accessible, then your chances of recovering from illnesses or accidents are very good. But for many people in the US who are uninsured (无保险的), they can’t afford these new medical treatments. That’s why Doctor Demetrio Aguila in Norfolk lets poor patients pay for surgery (外科手术) through volunteer work.
“For years I had been doing surgery for patients and taking care of their health problems. Then I would find out months later, sometimes years later, that I had caused their financial ruin,” Aguila said. Serious illnesses can completely deplete a family’s savings, leaving them no choice but to go bankrupt (破产).
Then he formed Healing Hands M25 as a way to give poor patients the medical fees they need by donating their time to community service. The process is pretty simple. They practice partners with local charitable organizations. The patient picks the charity and donates his time and sweat; Aguila determines the amount of volunteer hours the patient has to complete. “We’ve lowered the cost of healthcare. We’ve made it fair for everybody involved,” Aguila said.
The first patient to participate in the program was Jeffrey Jenson who worked for 560 hours to pay for surgery on his leg. Jenson asked his friends and family to help him complete the hours. Jenson said that his volunteer work greatly affected his life as much as the surgery. “The M25 program is not about money — it’s about if people come together to help other people, then the community becomes better,” said Jenson.
This program is a big win for the patients, the local community, and Dr Aguila who knows he has done everything he could to help his patients.
12. How does Aguila make poor patients pay for surgery
A. In cash. B. Through an insurance company.
C. By doing volunteer work. D. By serving the doctor.
13. What does the underlined word “deplete” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Set aside. B. Use up. C. Cut down. D. Add to.
14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. What Healing Hands M25 does.
B. How Healing Hands M25 works.
C. Why Aguila runs Healing Hands M25.
D. Why patients choose Healing Hands M25.
15. What is Jenson’s attitude towards the M25 program
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Unconcerned.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文介绍了诺福克的Demetrio Aguila医生让贫困患者通过志愿工作支付手术费用，这个项目被称为“治愈之手M25”。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“But for many people in the US who are uninsured (无保险的), they can’t afford these new medical treatments. That’s why Doctor Demetrio Aguila in Norfolk lets poor patients pay for surgery (外科手术) through volunteer work.(但对于许多没有医疗保险的美国人来说，他们负担不起这些新的医疗手段。这就是为什么诺福克的Demetrio Aguila医生让贫穷的病人通过志愿者工作来支付手术费用)”可知，Aguila让贫穷的病人做志愿者工作来支付手术费用。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文““For years I had been doing surgery for patients and taking care of their health problems. Then I would find out months later, sometimes years later, that I had caused their financial ruin,” Aguila said.(“多年来，我一直在为病人做手术，照顾他们的健康问题。几个月后，有时是几年后，我才发现是我让他们破产的。”Aguila说)”可知，接下来应是解释，Aguila具体发现了什么让他们破产，所以推知deplete a family’s savings应是“耗尽一个家庭的积蓄”之意，deplete应是“耗尽”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Then he formed Healing Hands M25 as a way to give poor patients the medical fees they need by donating their time to community service. The process is pretty simple. They practice partners with local charitable organizations. The patient picks the charity and donates his time and sweat; Aguila determines the amount of volunteer hours the patient has to complete. “We’ve lowered the cost of healthcare. We’ve made it fair for everybody involved,” Aguila said.(然后，他成立了“治愈之手M25”，通过奉献时间为社区服务，为贫困患者提供所需的医疗费用。这个过程非常简单。他们与当地的慈善组织合作。病人选择慈善事业，奉献自己的时间和汗水；Aguila决定了病人必须完成的志愿工作时间。“我们降低了医疗成本。我们让每个人都参与其中，”Aguila说)”可知，本段主要讲述了疗愈之手M25的工作原理。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Jenson said that his volunteer work greatly affected his life as much as the surgery. “The M25 program is not about money — it’s about if people come together to help other people, then the community becomes better,” said Jenson.(Jenson说，他的志愿者工作对他的生活的影响和手术一样大。Jenson说：“M25计划的重点不是钱，而是如果人们团结起来帮助别人，那么社区就会变得更好。”)”可知，Jenson认为M25计划会让社区变得更好，所以他觉得是积极的。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When a heavy storm hit, residents of the floating community of Schoonschip in Amsterdam had little doubt about whether they could ride it out. They tied up their own stuff, and checked in with neighbors to ensure everyone had enough food and water. ___16___, rising along with the water and going back to its original position after the rain stopped.
A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and is able to deal with rising seas by remaining on the top of the water’s surface. ___17___, floating homes are fixed to the shore and are usually connected to the local sewer (污水管道) system and power grid. They are structurally similar to houses built on land.
___18___. Siti Boelen, the Schoonschip resident, says that when she first moved in, stormy weather made her think twice. “You feel it in your stomach,” she says, adding that she has gotten used to the feeling. Floating homes also require extra infrastructure and work to connect to the electricity grid and sewer system.
___19___. “If there are floods, it’s expected that many people will move to higher ground. But the alternative is to stay close to coastal cities and explore expansion onto the water,” says Rutger de Graaf. “___20___. That’s unavoidable merely half a century away. We need to start now to increase the scale of floating developments.”
A. They then boarded their floating houses
B. But the benefits may outweigh the costs
C. Since floating houses are on the increase
D. We feel safer in a storm because we are floating
E. Unlike houseboat which can easily be moved and relocated
F. Hundreds of millions of people will be displaced by sea level rise
G. Severe wind and rain, or even the passing ships, can rock the buildings
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了对抗暴风雨的新方法——漂浮房屋。
【16题详解】
下文“rising along with the water and going back to its original position after the rain stopped. (随着水的上升，雨停后又回到原来的位置。)”，及第二段开头“A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and is able to deal with rising seas by remaining on the top of the water’s surface. (浮动房屋可以在任何海岸线上建造，并且能够通过留在水面顶部来应对海平面上升。)”可知，在暴雨来临时人们就登上了浮动房屋，雨停后就会回到原来的位置。A项“They then boarded their floating houses (然后他们登上了他们的浮动房屋)”与上下文一致。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据下文“floating homes are fixed to the shore and are usually connected to the local sewer (污水管道) system and power grid.(漂浮房屋固定在岸边，通常连接到当地的下水道系统和电网。)”和“They are structurally similar to houses built on land. (它们在结构上类似于在陆地上建造的房屋。)可知，此处讲述漂浮房屋的建立，下文用陆地房屋与漂浮房屋进行比较，E项“Unlike houseboat which can easily be moved and relocated (不像可以很容易地移动和重新安置的的游艇)”符合语境，说明了漂浮房屋与游艇不一样，需要固定在岸边，不移动和重新安置。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Siti Boelen, the Schoonschip resident, says that when she first moved in, stormy weather made her think twice. “You feel it in your stomach,” she says, adding that she has gotten used to the feeling. (Schoonschip居民Siti Boelen说，当她第一次搬进来时，暴风雨的天气让她三思。“你感受到你的胃在翻腾，”她说，并补充说她已经习惯了这种感觉。)”可知，居民Siti Boelen对于暴风雨天气起初很紧张，后来逐渐习惯，因此推断空处应是讲述暴风雨中的情况，G项“Severe wind and rain, or even the passing ships, can rock the buildings (狂风暴雨，甚至是过往的船只，都会撼动建筑物)”符合上下文，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Floating homes also require extra infrastructure and work to connect to the electricity grid and sewer system. (漂浮房屋还需要额外的基础设施和工作来连接到电网和下水道系统。)可知，浮动房屋的建造需要额外基础设施的建立和额外的工作，因此需要资金投入，结合下文““If there are floods, it’s expected that many people will move to higher ground. But the alternative is to stay close to coastal cities and explore expansion onto the water,” says Rutger de Graaf. (“如果发生洪水，预计许多人将搬到更高的地方。但一种选择是留在沿海的城市，探索向水上扩张”Rutger de Graaf说。)”可知，如果发生洪水，人们会搬到高处，但是也可以选择探索向水上扩张，因此推断虽然浮动房屋的建造会需要大量开支，但是如果发生洪水，浮动房屋的会有益处，因此推断带来的收益可能大于开支，B项“But the benefits may outweigh the costs(浮动房屋的收益可能大于开支)”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据下文“That’s unavoidable merely half a century away. We need to start now to increase the scale of floating developments. (这在半个世纪之后是不可避免的。我们需要从现在开始，扩大浮动开发的规模。)”可知，that指代上文提到的事情，空处应是讲述不可避免的事情，承接上文浮动房屋是为了应对洪水爆发，海平面上升，因此推断不可避免的事情是指发生洪水，海平面上升，人们会流离失所，F项“Hundreds of millions of people will be displaced by sea level rise(数亿人将因海平面上升而流离失所)”符合语境，下文倡导现在就需要开始漂浮房屋的研发。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be ___21___by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger(使者) of Peace.
But one woman has ___22___ all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong ___23___ in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall ___24___ going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was ___25___ by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of___26___and never give up looking for a way.
When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily ___27___ it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist(人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the ___28___ person he was looking for to begin a ___29___of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania.
In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her ___30___. With a strong ___31___, she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence.
In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using ___32___to fish for termites(白蚁). This discovery threw ___33___ on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very ___34___ to humans.
Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental ___35___. “ Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said.
21. A. recognised B. known C. accepted D. admitted
22. A. done B. proved C. achieved D. realised
23. A. study B. interest C. sense D. dream
24. A. was fond of B. was tired of C. insisted on D. dreamed of
25. A. encouraged B. prevented C. advised D. forced
26. A. knowledge B. youth C. hope D. chances
27. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. considered
28. A. only B. last C. special D. first
29. A. project B. study C. centre D. career
30. A. in surprise B. in a hurry C. as expected D. in fear
31. A. will B. body C. desire D. mind
32. A. nets B. tools C. holes D. spoons
33. A. doubt B. light C. questions D. beliefs
34. A. close B. similar C. friendly D. helpful
35. A. improvement B. protection C. pollution D. destruction
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Jane Goodall的事迹——她喜欢动物，将研究动物作为自己的事业，并取得了一些成就。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更少会有人将得到全世界的承认，享有联合国和平使者的称号。A. recognized承认，认可，赞赏；B. known知道；C. accepted接受；D. admitted（勉强）承认，招认。根据后文“by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace”可知，喜欢动物的孩子有很多，但很少会将研究动物作为职业，而将研究动物作为职业，并且取得成就，进而为整个世界所认可的就更少了。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一位女性做到了这一切。A. done做；B. proved证明；C. achieved完成，达到；D. realised意识到。But前后形成对比关系，上文提到很少有人能做到的事情，此处强调Jane Goodall做到了，“被全世界认可和享有联合国和平使者的头衔”这些都是非凡的成就，是她做到了这一切。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍·古道尔在很小的时候就对动物产生了毕生的兴趣。A. study研究，学习；B. interest兴趣；C. sense感觉；D. dream梦想。根据下文中“This was quite a strange dream in those days(这在当时是一个相当奇怪的梦想)”可知珍·古道尔在很小的时候就对动物产生了毕生的兴趣。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在10岁或11岁的时候，简梦想着去非洲和动物们生活在一起。A. was fond of喜欢；B. was tired of对……感到厌倦；C. insisted on坚持；D. dreamed of梦想。根据“This was quite a strange dream”可知，Jane梦想着去非洲和动物们在一起。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她的母亲鼓励她追寻梦想。A. encouraged鼓励；B. prevented阻止；C. advised建议；D. forced迫使，强迫。根据下文“She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of chances and never give up looking for a way.(她告诉她，如果她真的想要什么，她应该努力工作，抓住机会，永远不要放弃寻找方法)”可知，母亲鼓励她去追寻梦想。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉她，如果她真的想要什么，她应该努力工作，抓住机会，永远不要放弃寻找方法。A. knowledge知识；B. youth青年，青春；C. hope希望；D. chances机会。根据上文“she should work hard, take advantage of”可知，母亲鼓励她，如果想要什么，就要努力，充分利用机会，不放弃。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1957年，一位密友邀请简去肯尼亚，她欣然接受了邀请。A. accepted接受；B. refused拒绝；C. received接收；D. considered考虑。根据下文“Within a few months of her arrival”可知，Jane欣然接受了朋友的邀请。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在她到达后的几个月内，她遇到了著名的人类学家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就认定简是他要寻找的特别的人，开始对坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩进行研究。A. only仅仅；B. last最后；C. special特别的；D. first第一。根据上文内容可知，Jane一直以来的梦想是和动物生活在一起，而在当时的人看来是奇怪的，因此路易斯·李基博士认为她是特别的人。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她到达后的几个月内，她遇到了著名的人类学家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就认定简是他要寻找的特别的人，开始对坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩进行研究。A. project工程；B. study研究；C. centre中心；D. career职业生涯。根据后文“In the beginning, studying the chimps”可知，此处表示开始了对黑猩猩的研究。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：动物们害怕地逃离了她。A. in surprise惊奇地；B. in a hurry匆忙地；C. as expected不出所料，正如预期的；D. in fear唯恐，害怕。根据下文“Gradually the chimps became used to her presence.(渐渐地，黑猩猩们习惯了她的存在)”可知，一开始由于不熟悉，黑猩猩因为害怕逃走了。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭着坚强的意志，她每天都在森林里搜寻，尽量不过早地靠近黑猩猩。A. will意志力；B. body身体；C. desire渴望；D. mind思考能力，思维方式。根据“she searched the forest every day”可知，虽然刚开始研究并不顺利，但是Jane有着坚强的意志。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1960年10月，她观察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具捕鱼白蚁。A. nets网，网状物；B. tools工具；C. holes洞；D. spoons勺子。根据下文中“that man was the world's only toolmaker”可知，设空处对应的信息词是toolmaker，tool符合语境。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一发现对人类是世界上唯一的工具制造者这一普遍观点提出了质疑。A. doubt疑惑；B. light光；C. questions问题；D. beliefs信念。throw doubt on 是固定短语，意为“对……产生疑问”，符合语境。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简的研究进行得越久，黑猩猩与人类的相似之处就越明显。 A. close亲密的；B. similar相似的；C. friendly友好的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文“In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using tools to fish for termites(1960年10月，她观察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具捕鱼白蚁)”可知，随着研究的深入，她发现黑猩猩与人类的相似之处。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：自20世纪80年代中期以来，Goodall一直在世界各地演讲，以提高人们的环保意识。A. improvement改善；B. protection保护；C. pollution污染；D. destruction破坏。根据后文“Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.(让我们怀着希望、尊重一切生物、理解和爱生活在新时代)”以及结合上下文，她研究的是动物，她演讲中呼吁大家尊重所有的生物（包括动物），保护所有生物，以及他们的生存环境。同时结合常识判断，这里她是通过自己的演讲提升人们的环保意识。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce ___36___ ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by ___37___ (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches (素描) ___38___ (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements (元素), which turns out to be a ___39___ (success) and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan, ___40___ story has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a devoted daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army ___41___ place of her father. Mulan’s characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made ___42___ (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroics. Mulan’s story has been adapted ___43___ (frequent) in modern media, including TV shows, video games and literature. For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, which ___44___ (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story, Yu Rong takes inspiration from her several ___45___ (visit)to sites of ancient battles and Henan Province’s Yuju Opera. After years of preparation she finally made this extraordinary work.
【答案】36. the
bining
38. to create
39. successful
40. whose 41. in
42. her 43. frequently
44. was considered
45. visits
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家郁蓉通过把剪纸和国际上流行的艺术形式结合在一起创作了有中国特色的图画书《我是花木兰》。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国艺术家郁蓉在她的绘本中想出了一种新的方式来介绍花木兰的古老故事。根据后文定语“of Hua Mulan”可知，此处特指花木兰这个古老的故事，应用定冠词修饰名词story。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在《我是花木兰》一书中，她以剪纸与国际艺术风格相结合的方式“讲述”了这个故事。介词by之后，应用提示词的动名词形式，作宾语。故填combining。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了创造出一种中国元素的典型表现形式，她把山西剪纸放在西方风格的铅笔素描上，结果证明这是一个成功的，给人留下深刻印象的新突破。主句中已有谓语动词put，故空处应填非谓语动词，此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to create。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了创造出一种中国元素的典型表现形式，她把山西剪纸放在西方风格的铅笔素描上，结果证明这是一个成功的，给人留下深刻印象的新突破。此处和形容词impressive并列作定语，修饰名词breakthrough，应用提示词的形容词形式。故填successful。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。考查定语从句。句意：花木兰是一个来自北魏(386-534)的士兵，她的故事在中国代代相传。空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替先行词HuaMulan在从句中作story的定语，表示所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为一个孝顺的女儿，她男扮女装替父从军。in place of“代替”是固定短语。故填in。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：花木兰的性格，诸如勇敢，善良以及淡泊名利，使她成为中国历史上最受尊重的女英雄之一。此处作宾语，应用she的宾格形式her。故填her。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：花木兰的故事经常被现代媒体改编，包括电视节目，电子游戏以及文学作品。此处修饰谓语动词has been adapted，作状语，应用提示词的副词形式。故填frequently。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：例如，1998年，迪斯尼制作的一部名为《木兰》的电影，当时被评论家和公众认为是一个巨大的成功。空处为从句谓语动词，主语which指代先行词film，与consider是被动关系，且根据时间状语in 1988可知，句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was considered。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：考查名词复数。句意：为了更好地讲述这个故事，郁蓉从参观古战场和河南省豫剧院得到了灵感。空处应填名词作宾语，visit“参观”是可数名词，被several修饰，应用其复数形式。故填visits。
第四部分 课内知识(共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共7小题;每小题1分，满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的词或词块，使之意思一致。
potentially distinct objectives available apparently remarkable encountered
46. Personally, I used to try effective way to achieve my academic goals. ____________
47. I came across many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark . ____________
48. It is important to make food and water accessible to the survivors . ____________
49. The two flowers are different from one another, so it’s easy to make a distinction between them.__________
50. I think Huang Danian was a truly extraordinary scientist. _______________
51. We will probably benefit from remote-controlled houses.______________
52. I wasn’t there, but obviously the opening ceremony of Hangzhou Asian Games was amazing._____________
【答案】46. objectives
47. encountered
48. available
49. distinct
50. remarkable
51. potentially
52 apparently
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就我个人而言，我过去常常尝试有效的方法来实现我的学业目标。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里的goals意为“目标”，和objectives意思一致。故填objectives。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我遇到了许多徒步旅行者，他们正前往一个遥远的营地，时间刚好够在天黑前到达那里。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里的came across意为“遇到”，和encountered意思一致。故填encountered。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让幸存者能够获得食物和水是很重要的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里的accessible意为“可获得的，可用的”，和available意思一致。故填available。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两种花彼此不同，所以很容易区分。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里的different意为“不同的”，和distinct意思一致。故填distinct。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为黄大年是一位真正非凡的科学家。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里的extraordinary意为“非凡的，显著的”，和remarkable意思一致。故填remarkable。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会从遥控房屋中受益。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里的probably意为“可能地”，和potentially意思一致。故填potentially。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我当时不在，但很明显杭州亚运会的开幕式非常精彩。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里的obviously意为“显然地”，和apparently意思一致。故填apparently。
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分，满分8分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或者短语的正确形式填空，框中有两个多余单词或短语。
commit circumstance efficiency acknowledge conclusion the instant come to power sum up take up insist on
53. The Internet is a very _____________ medium for spreading information.
54. The man________________finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
55. He was a good man who was_______________to his family as well as to his work.
56. Lu Xun,________________ as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1881.
57. To _______________, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.
58. Peter_____________________his position as the head of the travel agency last month.
59. Much to my surprise, she burst into tears ________________she read the letter.
60. Under no ____________________ will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
【答案】53. efficient
54. insisted on
mitted
56. acknowledged
57. sum up 58. took up
59. the instant
60. circumstances
【解析】
【53题详解】
考查形容词。句意：互联网是传播信息的一种非常有效的媒介。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词efficient，意为“高效的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词medium。故填efficient。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：尽管我告诉他我住在附近，那个男人还是坚持要给我找辆出租车。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词短语insist on，意为“坚持”，作主句谓语，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填insisted on。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是一个既忠于家庭又忠于工作的好人。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词committed，意为“忠诚的”，作表语。be committed to“忠于……”是固定短语。故填committed。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：鲁迅，中国现代最伟大的作家之一，1881年生于浙江绍兴。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要“认可，承认”之意，动词acknowledge符合，与逻辑主语Lu Xun为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填acknowledged。
【57题详解】
考查短语。句意：总之，低廉的价格、方便的信息获取和广泛的使用使学生大量使用计算机。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词短语tosum up，意为“总之”，作状语。故填sum up。
【58题详解】
考查动词短和谓语动词。句意：彼得上个月就任这家旅行社的负责人。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词短语take up，意为“承担”，作谓语，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填took up。
【59题详解】
考查连词。句意：令我惊讶的是，她一读这封信就大哭起来。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要连词the instant，意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。故填the instant。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国在任何情况下都不会首先使用核武器。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词circumstance的复数，作宾语，构成固定短语under no circumstances，意为“绝不”。故填circumstances。
第五部分 写作(满分25分)
61. 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire most”征文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1.概述我最敬佩的科学家
2.他/她的杰出事迹
3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响
注意：1.词数不少于80字；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
The scientist I admire most
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The scientist I admire most
For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country.
In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. As a top scientist in the world, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his contributions were invaluable to the field of science and agriculture. Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. He devoted his whole life to his country and people, and even to the world.
So we should learn from Mr. Yuan. Love our country and serve our people.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写题为“我最敬佩的科学家”的短文投稿，参加征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想法：idea→view
不同的：different→various
优秀的：excellent→ outstanding
献身于：devote oneself to→be committed to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person
拓展句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person that deserves everyone's admiration.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country with heart and soul.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. （运用了虚拟语气）2023-2024学年第一学期高二年段第一次诊断性测试
英语试卷
(满分：150分，完卷时间：120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When does the woman like to meet John
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. An artist. B. A dish. C. A trip.
3. How does the man feel
A. Tired. B. Thirsty. C. Dizzy.
4. What will the woman probably order
A. Fried fish. B. Beef steak. C. Roast chicken.
5. Where will the man be at 11：00
A. At the airport. B. At the office. C. At the restaurant.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man call the woman
A. To invite her to London. B. To offer her a part-time job.
C. To ask her to find a place for him.
7. What can we learn about the man
A. He is good at doing housework. B. He prefers to stay with a host family.
C. He likes staying with young children.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a bookstore. B. In a study. C. In a library.
9. What are the speakers looking for
A. Some valuable second-hand books. B. The 19th-century poetry as a present.
C. The books with Shakespeare’s words.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When does the conversation probably take place
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
11. What’s the weather like today
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
12. Who will pick up the children from school
A. Lily. B. The man. C. The woman.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What are the speakers doing
A. Looking for dresses. B. Buying clothes in the shop. C. Talking about shopping online.
14. How much can the woman save if she buys the shirt on the Internet
A. $6. B. $14. C. $20.
15. What color does the man like best
A. Brown. B. Blue. C. White.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The man isn’t satisfied. B. The man can try on the shirt first.
C. The shirt will arrive within two days.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What’s the statement mainly about
A. Keys to teaching English. B. Advice on learning English.
C. Ways to use everyday English.
18. What does the speaker probably do
A. A fluent English speaker. B. An expert in language learning.
C. A beginner in language learning.
19. Who may consider the first suggestion useless
A. A beginner. B. An experienced teacher.
C. The one who has learned English for years.
20. What’s the fastest way to learn English according to the speaker
A. Making a good plan. B. Keeping practicing. C. Learning it step by step.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.
Wu Chienshiung (1912—1997)
Born in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world’s first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu’s critical role in the work was overlooked.
Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000)
Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology.
Katherine Johns (1918—2020)
African American NASA mathematician Johnson’s calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33-year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”.
Tu Youyou (1930—)
Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria. Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize.
1. Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a(n) ________.
A. composer B. producer C. actress D. mathematician
2. What is Tu Youyou’s greatest contribution to the world
A. She treated people for cancer. B. She is the first Chinese Nobel winner.
C. Her discovery helped save millions. D. Her research project is one of a kind.
3 What do the four female scientists have in common according to the text
A. They shared the same interest. B. They each constructed a theory.
C. They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D. They all made a difference to the world.
B
A picture of 17-year-old Zhang Guimei has won great popularity on China's social media. The young girl with black-rimmed glasses and two short braids is smiling brightly into the izens are deeply touched by the fresh-faced girl in the picture, which is a far cry from Zhang's now aged and weathered face people are familiar with, as it tells a story of a woman who has devoted her life to promoting education and fighting poverty in rural areas.
Born in Northeast China's Heilongjiang province in 1957, Zhang traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17 and has been helping girls from poor areas pursue education for over 40 years. Zhang helped establish the country's first senior high school to offer free education for girls from poor families. The school provides free education to girls who would otherwise have had no chance to study after completing their nine years of compulsory education.
Despite having serious health problems, Zhang Guimei took morning classes with students for 12 years. She has also racked up 110,000 kilometers visiting her students' families over the years. Most of her salary and bonuses were spent on students. Since the school opened in 2008, it has seen more than 1,800 students progress to universities and colleges.
“I was built to be a mountain not a creek, rising to the high peaks with the small valleys at my feet. I was born to be great, not worthless, standing on the shoulders of the giants, the petty cowards beneath me." The motto of Huaping High School for Girls is also a true reflection of Zhang Guimei's strength and resolve.
On Feb 25, 2021 President Xi Jinping presented an award to Zhang Guimei to mark the nation's poverty alleviation accomplishments and honor exceptional poverty fighters at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
4. Why are netizens deeply moved by the photo
A. Because the girl's appearance catches their eye.
B. Because they are familiar with Zhang's face.
C. Because it reminds them of an admirable figure.
D. Because it spreads wildly on China's social media.
5. What does the underlined phrase “racked up" in paragraph 4 mean
A. increased
B. collected.
C. extended.
D. gained.
6. Which of the following best describes Zhang Guimei according to the passage
A. devoted, knowledgeable.
B. selfless, independent.
C. responsible, creative.
D. determined, ambitious.
7. Where does the text probably come from
A. A news report.
B. A biography.
C. A history book.
D. A storybook.
C
There’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).
You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming (编程) help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server (服务器), it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
However, ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
8. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A. Its language model. B. Its working theory.
C. Its design inspiration. D. Its development process.
9. Why does the author list figures in paragraph 3
A. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
10. What is ChatGPT Plus intended for
A. Guiding users to experience free services.
B. Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
C Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
D. Offering consumers priority access during peak hours.
11. What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google
A. It operates based on limited data.
B. It takes more time to search for solutions.
C. It can only update information at a fixed time.
D. It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.
D
Modern medicine and the latest technology can save many lives. If you live in a country where healthcare is readily available and accessible, then your chances of recovering from illnesses or accidents are very good. But for many people in the US who are uninsured (无保险的), they can’t afford these new medical treatments. That’s why Doctor Demetrio Aguila in Norfolk lets poor patients pay for surgery (外科手术) through volunteer work.
“For years I had been doing surgery for patients and taking care of their health problems. Then I would find out months later, sometimes years later, that I had caused their financial ruin,” Aguila said. Serious illnesses can completely deplete a family’s savings, leaving them no choice but to go bankrupt (破产).
Then he formed Healing Hands M25 as a way to give poor patients the medical fees they need by donating their time to community service. The process is pretty simple. They practice partners with local charitable organizations. The patient picks the charity and donates his time and sweat; Aguila determines the amount of volunteer hours the patient has to complete. “We’ve lowered the cost of healthcare. We’ve made it fair for everybody involved,” Aguila said.
The first patient to participate in the program was Jeffrey Jenson who worked for 560 hours to pay for surgery on his leg. Jenson asked his friends and family to help him complete the hours. Jenson said that his volunteer work greatly affected his life as much as the surgery. “The M25 program is not about money — it’s about if people come together to help other people, then the community becomes better,” said Jenson.
This program is a big win for the patients, the local community, and Dr Aguila who knows he has done everything he could to help his patients.
12. How does Aguila make poor patients pay for surgery
A. In cash. B. Through an insurance company.
C By doing volunteer work. D. By serving the doctor.
13. What does the underlined word “deplete” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Set aside. B. Use up. C. Cut down. D. Add to.
14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. What Healing Hands M25 does.
B. How Healing Hands M25 works.
C. Why Aguila runs Healing Hands M25.
D. Why patients choose Healing Hands M25.
15. What is Jenson’s attitude towards the M25 program
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Unconcerned.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When a heavy storm hit, residents of the floating community of Schoonschip in Amsterdam had little doubt about whether they could ride it out. They tied up their own stuff, and checked in with neighbors to ensure everyone had enough food and water. ___16___, rising along with the water and going back to its original position after the rain stopped.
A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and is able to deal with rising seas by remaining on the top of the water’s surface. ___17___, floating homes are fixed to the shore and are usually connected to the local sewer (污水管道) system and power grid. They are structurally similar to houses built on land.
___18___. Siti Boelen, the Schoonschip resident, says that when she first moved in, stormy weather made her think twice. “You feel it in your stomach,” she says, adding that she has gotten used to the feeling. Floating homes also require extra infrastructure and work to connect to the electricity grid and sewer system.
___19___. “If there are floods, it’s expected that many people will move to higher ground. But the alternative is to stay close to coastal cities and explore expansion onto the water,” says Rutger de Graaf. “___20___. That’s unavoidable merely half a century away. We need to start now to increase the scale of floating developments.”
A They then boarded their floating houses
B. But the benefits may outweigh the costs
C. Since floating houses are on the increase
D. We feel safer in a storm because we are floating
E. Unlike houseboat which can easily be moved and relocated
F. Hundreds of millions of people will be displaced by sea level rise
G. Severe wind and rain, or even the passing ships, can rock the buildings
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be ___21___by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger(使者) of Peace.
But one woman has ___22___ all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong ___23___ in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall ___24___ going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was ___25___ by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of___26___and never give up looking for a way.
When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily ___27___ it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist(人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the ___28___ person he was looking for to begin a ___29___of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania.
In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her ___30___. With a strong ___31___, she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence.
In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using ___32___to fish for termites(白蚁). This discovery threw ___33___ on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very ___34___ to humans.
Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental ___35___. “ Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said.
21. A. recognised B. known C. accepted D. admitted
22. A. done B. proved C. achieved D. realised
23. A. study B. interest C. sense D. dream
24. A. was fond of B. was tired of C. insisted on D. dreamed of
25. A. encouraged B. prevented C. advised D. forced
26. A. knowledge B. youth C. hope D. chances
27. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. considered
28. A. only B. last C. special D. first
29. A. project B. study C. centre D. career
30. A. in surprise B. in a hurry C. as expected D. in fear
31. A. will B. body C. desire D. mind
32. A. nets B. tools C. holes D. spoons
33. A. doubt B. light C. questions D. beliefs
34. A. close B. similar C. friendly D. helpful
35. A. improvement B. protection C. pollution D. destruction
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce ___36___ ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by ___37___ (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches (素描) ___38___ (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements (元素), which turns out to be a ___39___ (success) and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan, ___40___ story has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a devoted daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army ___41___ place of her father. Mulan’s characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made ___42___ (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroics. Mulan’s story has been adapted ___43___ (frequent) in modern media, including TV shows, video games and literature. For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, which ___44___ (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story, Yu Rong takes inspiration from her several ___45___ (visit)to sites of ancient battles and Henan Province’s Yuju Opera. After years of preparation she finally made this extraordinary work.
第四部分 课内知识(共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共7小题;每小题1分，满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的词或词块，使之意思一致。
potentially distinct objectives available apparently remarkable encountered
46. Personally, I used to try effective way to achieve my academic goals. ____________
47. I came across many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark . ____________
48. It is important to make food and water accessible to the survivors . ____________
49. The two flowers are different from one another, so it’s easy to make a distinction between them.__________
50. I think Huang Danian was a truly extraordinary scientist. _______________
51. We will probably benefit from remote-controlled houses.______________
52. I wasn’t there, but obviously the opening ceremony of Hangzhou Asian Games was amazing._____________
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分，满分8分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或者短语的正确形式填空，框中有两个多余单词或短语。
commit circumstance efficiency acknowledge conclusion the instant come to power sum up take up insist on
53 The Internet is a very _____________ medium for spreading information.
54. The man________________finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
55. He was a good man who was_______________to his family as well as to his work.
56. Lu Xun,________________ as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1881.
57. To _______________, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.
58. Peter_____________________his position as the head of the travel agency last month.
59. Much to my surprise, she burst into tears ________________she read the letter.
60. Under no ____________________ will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
第五部分 写作(满分25分)
61. 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire most”征文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1.概述我最敬佩的科学家
2.他/她的杰出事迹
3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响
注意：1.词数不少于80字；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
The scientist I admire most
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
