(共32张PPT)
Part 1 Language points
Part 2 Grammar
目录索引
Part 1 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. n.话题;题目;标题
2. vt.运输,运送 n.交通运输系统;交通车辆;运输
3. n.诗集,诗歌
4. n.舞台;阶段;步骤 vt.上演,举办
topic
transport
poetry
stage
识记阅读词汇
1.section n.
2.turkey n.
3.chapter n.
4.autobiography n.
5.biography n.
部分,部门;部件,散件
火鸡;火鸡肉
章节;篇章
自传
传记,传记作品
串记拓展词汇
1.particular adj.特别的,格外的;特指的;挑剔的→ adv.特别;尤其
2.collection n.(同类)收藏品;作品集;募捐→ v.收藏;收集
→ n.收集者;收藏家→ adj.集体的,共同的
3.mean adj.吝啬的,小气的;不善良的,刻薄的→ n.方式;方法;途径→ n.意义,意思→ adj.有意义的
4.generosity n.慷慨,大方,宽宏大量→ adj.慷慨的;大方的
→ adv.慷慨地;大方地
particularly
collect
collector
collective
means
meaning
meaningful
generous
generously
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
词尾加后缀-s/-es构成的名词有:
(1)单数名词:means方式,方法,途径;works工厂
(2)复数名词:goods商品;terms条件;arms武器;riches财富,财宝;clothes衣服
(3)特殊名词复数形式:glasses眼镜;shorts短裤;trousers裤子;jeans牛仔裤;scissors剪刀;socks袜子
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 应该,应当
2. 尤其,特别
3. 达成共识
4. 上交
5. 结果是
6. 最后,最终
7. 反省;思考
8. 组成
9. 增加
10. 举几个来说
ought to
in particular
agree on
hand in
turn out
in the end
reflect on
(be) made up of
add to
to name a few
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.collection n.(同类)收藏品;作品集;募捐
【佳句背诵】 The Art Gallery of Ontario has the world’s largest collection of sculptures by Henry Moore.[建筑介绍]
安大略美术馆关于亨利·摩尔的雕塑收藏品居世界之最。
2.generosity n.慷慨,大方,宽宏大量
【佳句背诵】There are stories about his generosity,the massive amounts of money he gave to charities.[人物介绍]
关于他的慷慨有些传闻,说他向慈善机构捐献巨款。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.particular adj.特别的,格外的;特指的;挑剔的
in particular=particularly 尤其;特别
be particular about/over对……挑剔
in every particular在一切方面;每一点
【佳句背诵】 This requires commitment to a particular occupation,branch of study or research.[情况介绍]
这要求对特定的职业、学习或研究领域的投入。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式转换
①The whole meal was good,but the wine particular was excellent.
②Steve was in a (particular) bad mood when he got back.
③She has already tried her best.Please don’t be too particular her job.
④It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song especially.
→It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song .
in
particularly
about/over
particularly/in particular
2.mean adj.吝啬的,小气的;不善良的,刻薄的
be mean to sb 对某人刻薄
be mean with 对……吝啬/小气
mean v. 打算;意味着
mean to do sth 打算做某事
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
be meant to do sth 打算做某事
be meant for注定要属于;注定成为;打算作……用
meaningful adj.有意义的;意味深长的
meaningless adj.无意义的;无目的的
【佳句背诵】The sudden thaw means that spring is here.[情况介绍]
一朝解冻,便意味着春天到来。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式转换
①Independence does not mean (shut) the door to the world.
②It may be mentioned in passing that this material is not meant___________ publication.
③The programme is meant (educate) people about traffic safety.
④The little girls had locked themselves in the room because Mack had been mean them.
⑤I meant to have told you about it,but I forgot to do so.
→I you about it,but I forgot to do so.
shutting
for
to educate
to
had meant to tell
3.stage n.舞台;阶段;步骤 vt.上演,举办
stage by stage逐步地,一步一步地;分阶段地
on stage在舞台上
on the stage在舞台上;在现阶段;当演员
in the stage在……时期;在……阶段
at this stage眼下
stage a ceremony/an event/an exhibition举行仪式/活动/展览
【佳句背诵】(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.[人物介绍]
他说他和那些在舞台上演奏乐器的人一样紧张。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Although teased about her fatness,the girl showed great confidence
the stage.
②People tend to work hard this stage of life.
③The police are building up a picture of the incident stage stage.
④(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)...Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out stage.
⑤玛雅·安吉罗在20世纪70年代末首次将戏剧《我仍将奋起》搬上舞台。
Maya Angelou first _________ _________ _________And I Still Rise in the late 1970s.
on
at
by
on
staged the play
重点句式——多维剖析
whether引导的宾语从句
【教材原句】 A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not.
书评常常能告诉你一本书是否值得一读。
本句中“whether a book is worth reading or not”是宾语从句,whether意为“是否”,表明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚,常用在ask,wonder,doubt等词后或与or not连用,引导宾语从句时通常情况下可与if互换。
whether除引导宾语从句外,还可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及状语从句。
whether...or中的whether表示一种选择,其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。
【佳句背诵】(2021·天津卷) We all need to get involved in saving energy whether it’s at work,at home,or at school.[活动倡议]
无论是在工作中,在家里,还是在学校,我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①You’d better decide for yourself whether (go) or not.
②(2021·浙江卷)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell”
you look content or annoyed,you may be onto something.
③不管我的功课忙不忙,我都会设法找时间和朋友们出去玩。
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ________,
I’ll manage to find time to hang out with my friends.
to go
whether
Whether I’m busy with the lessons or not
Part 2 Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
情景导入
情态动词
Li Fang couldn’t read for a week with a headache.Her mother told her that she should go to the hospital and see a doctor as soon as possible.She added,“You might need glasses.”
Li Fang went to the hospital.The appointment clerk said that the doctor could see her at 3:30.Li Fang replied that she would not be able to be there at 3:30 because she had a class then.“Shall I put you down for ten to four ” the appointment clerk suggested.Li Fang thought she shouldn’t waste any more time.So she replied,“I think I can make it at ten to four.”
Li Fang went to the class.She asked her teacher,“May/Can I leave at 3:45 today I must/have to have an eye examination.” As expected,the teacher said,“Yes,of course you can.”
【语法感悟】
观察以上短文中的黑体部分可知,文中使用了大量的情态动词。can/could表示 ,也可表示可能性或许可。may/might常表示“许可”,也可以用于推测,表示“ ”。must表示“必须”。should/ought to表示“应该/按说应该”。而mustn’t则表示“禁止,不允许”。shouldn’t/oughtn’t to表示“ ”。needn’t相当于don’t have to,表示“没有必要”。
能力
可能
不应该
语法精讲
情态动词,即表示人的情感和态度的动词,它们本身有一定的词义,但是不能独立作谓语,只能跟动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词虽然数量不多,但用途广泛。常见的情态动词主要有:can(could),may(might),must,need, shall(should),will(would),dare等。
一、情态动词的基本用法
1.表示“能力(ability)”。表示“能力”时,can用于表示现在或将来的能力,could用于表示过去的能力,be able to可用于各种时态。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The two children could finish cooking a breakfast,which she didn’t expect.
两个孩子做完了早餐,这是她没有想到的。
As a result,humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.
因此,人类能用手完成非常复杂的任务。
Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.
幸运的是,我能抓住它们,把它们放回去。
2.表示“可能性(probability)”。can,could,may,might都可以表示可能性,而且这四个词的可能性大小是依次由大到小递减的。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.
我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上可以活得像真正的巴黎人。
Jim says we can stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
吉姆说,只要我们保持房子干净整洁,我们就可以在他的房子里暂住。
Other problems may follow.
其他问题也许会随之而来。
(2021·浙江卷)He always had a sense of curiosity,wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the corner.
他总是有一种好奇心,想知道什么新的角色或挑战即将到来。
3.表示“建议(suggestion)”。should,ought to,had better都可以表示向别人提出建议。had better语气最弱。
(2021·全国甲卷)One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them...
交换衣服的基本规则之一应该是,每个人在拿衣服之前都必须试穿……
—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight
—Don’t bother.I’ll drive her there.
——今晚我为莎拉叫一辆出租车去机场好吗
——不用麻烦了。我开车送她去。
In order to get more clicks,you’d better tell me which Chinese culture you westerners prefer.
为了获得更多的点击量,你最好告诉我你们西方人更喜欢哪种中国文化。
4.表示“必要性(necessity)”。need,must,have to,shall等都可以表示“必须,必要”,可以说成是表示命令或奉劝,但must表示主观意愿,need和have to表示客观上必须怎样。mustn’t则表示禁止。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.
山脚下的温泉是你爬山之后一定要去尝试的东西。
(2021·浙江卷)Unless I have to be out of town,each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor...
除非我必须出城,否则每周我都会带我母亲去购物和看医生……
You must/have to be careful with the camera.It costs!
你必须小心使用这台相机。它很贵的!
I love the weekend,because I needn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
我喜爱周末,因为在周六和周日我无须早起。
5.表示“请求(request)或许可(permission)”。can,could,may,might,will,would,shall等都可以表示请求或许可。might语气最委婉。
Would you like the opportunity to earn extra cash close to home
你想有机会在家附近赚点外快吗
What about dessert Can I still have ice cream
甜点呢 我还能吃冰激凌吗
Will you please tell me the way to the post office
请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗
二、“情态动词+have done”结构的用法
1.must have done表示对过去发生的事情所作出的合理或很有把握的推测,意为“想必/准是/一定……”,只用于肯定句中,在否定句或疑问句中通常被“can/can’t+have done”代替。
Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,with all the smoke and noise.
蒸汽机被用来拉车厢,周围到处都是烟雾和噪声,对乘客来说一定很不舒服。
2.can have done一般用于疑问句和否定句中,用于表示对过去所发生事情的推测。could have done用于肯定句时,表示“可能已经做过某事”或“本有能力做某事而未做”。
George can’t have gone too far.His coffee is still warm.
乔治不可能走很远,因为他的咖啡还是热的呢。
3.should/ought to have done表示“过去本应该做某事而(实际上)没有做”,含有责备或遗憾的语气;其否定形式表示“某种行为不该发生却发生了”。
You shouldn’t have scolded him for his poor performance.After all,he had done his best.
你本不应该因为他表现不佳而责骂他。毕竟,他已经尽力了。
4.need have done表示“本需要做而实际未做”;needn’t have done表示“本不必做某事而实际做了”。
As it turned out to be a small house party,we needn’t have dressed up so formally.
原来这是一个小型的家庭聚会,我们本来没必要穿得那么正式。
5.may/might have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测,意思是“也许已经做了某事,可能已经做了某事”,多用在肯定句中,用might时表示语气更加不肯定。
You might have read about the news in the papers.
你可能已经在报纸上看过这个消息了。
【即学即练】用适当的情态动词填空
①—Excuse me,do you mind if I open the window
—Well,if you .I can put on more clothes.
②Lack of sleep lead to the weakened immunity and memory,and also slow physical growth.
③Children not be allowed to play in the street.
④The law is equally applied to everyone.No one be above it.
⑤You be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
must
can
should
shall
must(共39张PPT)
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What does the text mainly tell us
A.An old man’s struggle with a huge fish.
B.How to show bravery and perseverance.
C.The importance of bravery and perseverance.
D.How to write a novel about bravery and perseverance.
A
Activity 2 Scanning for the structure
Read the text again and write down the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (Paras.1-4)
_______________________________________________________________
Part 2 (Paras.5-9)
_______________________________________________________________
Part 3 (Paras.10-13)
_______________________________________________________________
Part 4 (Paras.14-15)
_______________________________________________________________
The old man felt himself faint with his first attempt to catch the fish.
The old man felt confused with his second attempt to catch the fish.
The old man felt himself going with his third attempt to catch the fish.
The old man felt himself going but never gave up.He will try again and again.
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why couldn’t the old man reach for the water although his mouth was too dry to speak
A.Because his arms were not long enough.
B.Because the water was on another boat.
C.Because both of his hands were used to control the fish.
D.Because there was no water left on the boat.
C
2.What did the old man want to do with the huge fish in the passage
A.He just played with the fish.
B.He tried to pull the fish over to his boat.
C.He wanted to kill the fish at once.
D.He just watched the fish swimming in the sea.
3.Which word cannot be used to describe the old man
A.Stupid. B.Brave.
C.Persistent. D.Humorous.
B
A
4.Which statement is TRUE according to the passage
A.The old man was easy to be defeated.
B.The old man was a tough man.
C.The old man made several attempts and gave up in the end.
D.The old man managed to catch a big fish with ease.
5.What is the tone(基调) of the story
A.Happy. B.Joyful.
C.Humorous. D.Sad.
B
D
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.Have you ever read the book The Old Man and the Sea What do you think of the old man
2.What do you know about the writer Ernest Hemingway What is his uniqueness
Answers can be varied from student to student.
Answers can be varied from student to student.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the old man’s bravery.
①Come on and kill me.I do not care who kills who.
②I’ll try it again,the old man promised,although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving.The old man pulled on him all that he could 1._________(bring) him closer.For just a moment the fish turned a little on his side.Then he 2._____________(straight) himself and began another circle.
He felt faint again now 3._____________ he held on the great fish all the strain that he could.
But when he put all of his effort on,starting it well out 4._____________ the fish came alongside and 5._____________(pull) with all his strength,the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.
to bring
straightened
but
before
pulling
That way nothing is accomplished.His mouth was too dry 6._____________(speak) but he could not reach for the water now.
On the next turn,he 7._____________(near) had him.But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away.
Twice more it was 8._____________ same on the turns.
He tried it once more and he felt 9. _____________ (him) going when he turned the fish.The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.
I’ll try it again,the old man promised,although his hands were 10._____________(mush) now and he could only see well in flashes.
to speak
nearly
the
himself
mushy
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.时间状语从句
But when he put all of his effort on,starting it well out before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength,the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.
[尝试翻译]
分词短语作状语
时间状语从句
但是,大鱼还不曾游到船边,他便使尽平生力气,拼命拉扯,大鱼被拉歪了一点,不久又浮正,游开。
2. 插入语 让步状语从句
I’ll try it again,the old man promised,although his hands were mushy now
and he could only see well in flashes.
并列连词,连接并列句
[尝试翻译]
“我还要试一下。”老人承诺道,尽管他的双手这时已经血肉模糊,眼睛也只能忽而看得清,忽而又看不清。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. adv.极其,非常,极端
2. vt.& n.努力,尝试,试图
3. adj.贵族的,高贵的;崇高的;宏伟的
4. n.闪光;闪现 vt.& vi.(使)闪光;(使)闪现
extremely
attempt
noble
flash
识记阅读词汇
1.strain n.
2.alongside adv.
3.accomplish vt.
4.weave vi.& vt.
5.mushy adj.
用劲,使力;压力,拉力;重负
在……旁边;与……一起
完成
迂回行进,穿行;编
糊状的,软而稠的
串记拓展词汇
1.destroy vt.摧毁,毁灭,破坏→ adj.破坏性的;毁灭性的
→ n.破坏;毁坏
2.defeat vt.击败,战胜 n.失败,战败;击败→ n.击败者;否决者
→ adj.不败的;未尝败绩的
3.straighten vt.挺直;(使)变直,变正→ adj.直的 adv.笔直地;平正地
4.confused adj.糊涂的,迷惑的;不清楚的,混乱的→ adj.令人困惑的→ v.使困惑→ n.杂乱;混乱
destructive
destruction
defeater
undefeated
straight
confusing
confuse
confusion
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
名词加后缀-y构成的形容词有:
mush n.浓粥;软块→mushy adj.糊状的,软而稠的
fun n.乐趣→funny adj.搞笑的
dirt n.尘土→dirty adj.脏的,多灰尘的
noise n.噪声→noisy adj.多噪声的,吵闹的
hunger n.饥饿→hungry adj.饿的
anger n.愤怒→angry adj.发怒的
luck n.运气→lucky adj.好运气的
mud n.泥→muddy adj.泥泞的
mess n.杂乱→messy adj.一团糟的
greed n.贪婪→greedy adj.贪婪的
health n.健康→healthy adj.健康的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 继续拉
2. 使自己直起身
3. 继续;握住不放
4. 恢复;解决
5. 举起
6. 伸手去拿
7. (头脑) 清醒;使整洁,清理
8. 正要做某事
9. 游走
pull on
straighten oneself
hold on
get over
hold up
reach for
clear up
be on the point of doing sth
swim away/off
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.extremely adv.极其,非常,极端
【佳句背诵】I find it extremely difficult to get a job, so I write to you for some advice. [询问建议]
我发觉找工作极其困难,故写信给你寻求些建议。
2.be on the point of doing sth 正要做某事
【佳句背诵】I was on the point of eating when someone knocked at my door.[情况介绍]
我正要吃饭,这时有人敲门。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.destroy vt.摧毁,毁灭,破坏
destroy one’s life/faith/hope/confidence毁掉某人的生活/信仰/希望/信心
destructive adj.造成破坏的,毁灭性的
destruction n.破坏,毁坏
【易混辨析】
damage既可作动词,也可作名词,指部分“损坏”“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低
destroy只能用作动词,指彻底地破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”“毁灭”讲
ruin表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,是长期损坏的结果。它既可以表示毁灭具体事物,也可以用来表示抽象概念上的“毁掉或破坏”
【佳句背诵】Her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth,instead of destroying them. [情况介绍]
她的公司已经价值数百万美元,并且还发明了一种超级糖果,这种糖果可以保护孩子们的牙齿,而不是破坏它们。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He was unable to contain his own (destroy) feelings.
②(2021·天津3月卷)The (destroy) started three months ago.It was my husband’s birthday.
③In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in (ruin).
④没有援助的情况下,受害者可能会毁掉他的生活。
Without the assistance,the victim can _________ _________ _________.
destructive
destruction
ruins
destroy his life
2.attempt vt.& n.努力,尝试,试图
attempt to do sth 尝试/企图做某事
make an attempt to do sth 尝试/企图做某事
make an attempt at (doing) sth 试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth 力图做某事
at the first attempt第一次尝试
attempted adj.(犯罪或非法行为)未遂的
【佳句背诵】(2021·全国乙卷)One afternoon,while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.[情况介绍]
一天下午,当她试图上床睡觉时,她晕倒了,最后被发现是心脏病发作。
【即学即练】单句填空/一句多译
①In an attempt (save) money,some housewives like to go from shop to shop to search for real bargains.
②Police say they’re treating it as an (attempt) murder.
③It was lucky that I passed my driving test the first attempt.
这些男孩试图去露营,但是被父母拦住了。
→④The boys ,but were stopped by their parents.(attempt v.)
→⑤The boys ,but were stopped by their parents.(attempt n.)
to save
attempted
at
attempted to go camping
made an attempt to go camping
3.confused adj.糊涂的,迷惑的;不清楚的,混乱的
be/get confused about...对……感到困惑
be confused by被……弄混;糊涂
confuse vt.使迷惑;混淆
confuse sb with...用……使某人困惑
confuse A and/with B 把A与B混淆
confusing adj.令人困惑的
confusion n.困惑;混乱
in confusion困惑地;混乱地
【佳句背诵】 Having written the English script,I still feel confused about some expressions.[观点看法]
写完这个英文剧本后,我仍然对一些表达感到困惑。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式转换
①The old man is always (confuse) the boy with his twin brother.
②People are confused all the different labels on food these days.
③What you said at the meeting was really (confuse).
④From her (confuse) look,I could tell that she couldn’t understand the sentence.
⑤He was confused with the present situation,so he was at a loss what to do next.
→ ,he was at a loss what to do next.
(分词短语作状语)
confusing
about
confusing
confused
Confused with the present situation
4.clear up (头脑)清醒;使整洁,清理;(天气)转晴
clear v.移走,清除 adj.明白的,清楚的;未接触的;无阻碍的;晴朗的
be clear about明白
clear out离开;把……清出
make clear显示;解释清楚
keep clear of避开;不接触
make it clear that弄清楚
in the clear脱离危险;不受阻碍
clear day晴天
【佳句背诵】Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess,as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to.[情况介绍]
史密斯太太发现很难收拾这些乱七八糟的东西,因为每当她想收拾的时候,她的孩子总是碍手碍脚。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Charles was relieved that the information put her the clear.
②I found the letters when I was clearing after my father died.
③It is raining now,but I think it will clear soon.
④他们消除了误会,这使得他们心情不错。
They _________ _________ _________ __________________,which left them in a good mood.
in
out
up
cleared up the misunderstanding
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
defeat
A.vt.击败,毁灭,破坏 B.vt.困惑,难住 C.n.失败,战败;击败
①The instruction manual completely defeated me.
②The world champion has only had two defeats in 20 fights.
③The motion was defeated by 19 votes.
B
C
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.destroy
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt. You have destroyed my hopes of happiness.
生义 vt. The injured horse had to be destroyed.
摧毁,毁灭,破坏
杀死,消灭,人道毁灭
2.defeat
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt. He has been soundly defeated at chess.
生义 vt. Why you stay indoors on a beautiful day like this defeats me!
3.flash
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi.& vt. The guide flashed a light into the cave.
生义 vt. He flashed his pass at the security officer.
击败,战胜
使(某人)困惑
(使)闪光;(使)闪现
(快速地)出示,显示
重点句式——多维剖析
否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 Never have I seen a greater,or more beautiful,or a calmer or more noble thing than you,brother.
我从来没有见过比你更庞大、更美丽、更平静或更高贵的东西,兄弟。
本句中“Never have I seen”是倒装结构。当具有否定意义的副词(短语) never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,no sooner,no longer,nowhere,in no way,in no case,at no time,by no means,in/under no circumstances,on no account等置于句首时,要使用部分倒装,即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。
【佳句背诵】 Never before had he earned so much money![人物介绍]
他以前没赚过这么多钱!
【即学即练】单句写作/句式转换
①尽管处于极大的危险之中,但他没考虑自己的安全。
Little _________ _________ _________ _________his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.
②当我决定做这份工作时,我没料到我会遇到这么多问题。
Under no circumstances_________ _________ _________that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.
③第二天早上,我们一离开宿舍就意识到我们把地图落在了房间。
Hardly _________ _________ _________ the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
did he care about
did I expect
had we left
④很少看到他们在一起,他们也不在一起旅游。
Rarely _________ _________ _________ together and certainly did not travel together.
⑤This city has never been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.
→ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.(部分倒装)
were they seen
Never has this city been(共63张PPT)
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
素养导航·明目标
语言
能力 必背
单词 literature range appeal determine significant
description sensitive soul reflect poet
capable awaken launch permanence contain
element universal summary classic author
therefore issue novel upper gap
source recommend particular topic collection
mean eve transport turkey generosity
type feature chapter fiction romance
poetry stage extremely destroy defeat
attempt straighten alongside noble confused
flash achievement
语言
能力 重点短语 devote oneself to a range of in store (for sb)
in summary draw on ought to
in particular science fiction clear up
be on the point of doing sth
重点句式 1.抽象名词+定语从句
2.what 引导的主语从句
3.介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装
4.whether引导的宾语从句
5.否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装
核心语法 情态动词
主题写作 写一封推荐信
文化
意识 了解著名的文学家及其成就、贡献等,学习和借鉴人类文明的优秀成果
发现并且理解文学语篇中所包含的不同的文化元素,理解其中的寓意
思维
品质 了解经典文学创作背景、写作特点和时代特色,发展逻辑思维能力和创新思维能力
认识特定时期和特定背景下的小说人物和主题
学会探究和分析特定历史背景下的文学作品中出现的人物形象,培养批判性思维能力
学习
能力 能初步培养文学阅读的习惯,保持对于文学阅读的浓厚兴趣
探究优秀文学作品的特征,思考阅读文学作品的好处
通过图书馆、互联网等渠道获取与“文学作品”相关的信息,扩充学习资源
理解优秀文学作品的特点并认同阅读文学作品对自我发展的意义
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What does the text mainly tell us
A.An experience of a child and a man.
B.How to appreciate literature.
C.Some significant qualities of literature.
D.The importance of literature.
C
Activity 2 Scanning for the structure
Read the text again and write down the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (Paras.1-2) ___________________________________
Part 2 (Paras.3-5) ___________________________________
Part 3 (Para.6) ___________________________________
An introduction to the topic of “literature”.
Three significant qualities of literature.
A summary of what literature is.
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why is the story of the man and the child mentioned in the first paragraph
A.To describe the topic.
B.To introduce the topic.
C.To explain the topic.
D.To conclude the topic.
B
2.What is needed most if we want to fully understand a book
A.The writer’s personal life.
B.The main characters’ life story.
C.The writer’s race.
D.The natural and social environments the writer lives in.
3.What does the word “it” in the sentence “One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before” refer to
A.The dead grass.
B.The poem.
C.The quality of literature.
D.The truth and beauty.
D
B
4.How many significant qualities of literature are mentioned in the passage
A.4. B.5.
C.3. D.2.
5.What can we infer from the passage
A.Some people are too sensitive to find truth and beauty in the real world.
B.Literature appeals to our feelings and imagination through what it says.
C.A writer can express his own life and experiences through literature.
D.We can create good literature only by imagining.
C
C
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What other qualities of literature can you say
2.What is your favourite book Why
Answers can be varied from student to student.
Answers can be varied from student to student.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the qualities of literature.
①The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty.
②The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination.
③The third quality of literature,coming out of the other two,is its permanence.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
We can get a lot of benefits 1.____________ reading literature,as reading literature 2.___________(create) a world of dreams and magic for us. 3._____________(enjoy) and understand literature,we should know some of its 4._____________(significance) qualities.The first is its description of truth and beauty 5._____________ will remain unnoticed 6._____________ some sensitive human souls bring them to our attention.The second quality is 7._____________(it) appeal to our feelings and imagination.
from
creates
To enjoy
significant
which/that
until
its
The third is its permanence,which contains two elements:universal interest and 8._____________(person) style.In summary,literature is the 9._____________(express) of life in forms of truth and beauty,the 10._____________(write) record of man’s thoughts and feelings,and the history of the human soul.
personal
expression
written
Activity 7 长难句分析
what引导的主语从句 not...but...连接两个同等成分
1.What amazed the child was not a new world,but the unnoticed music of the old.
[尝试翻译]
让孩子感到惊奇的不是一个新的世界,而是一种未被人察觉的古老的音乐。
2.Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention,just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.
until引导的时间状语从句 just as引导的方式状语从句
[尝试翻译]
有些真与美一直不为人所察觉,直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意,这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。
3. when引导的时间状语从句
When Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen, “Was this the face that launched a thousand ships ” he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world,a world of love,beauty and heroism.
that引导的定语从句
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
[尝试翻译]
当克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道,“这就是让一千艘战船起航的那张面孔吗 ”他便打开了一扇门,通过这扇门,我们的想象力抵达了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. n.文学,文学作品
2. vi.有吸引力;申诉;呼吁 n.吸引力;申诉;呼吁
3. vt.使(船)下水;开始从事,发动 n.永久,持久性
4. vt.包含,含有,容纳
5. n.特色,特征 vt.以……为特色,是……的特征
6. adv.因此,所以
7. n.重要议题,争论的问题;问题,担忧;(报刊)一期 vt.宣布,公布
literature
appeal
launch
contain
feature
therefore
issue
识记阅读词汇
1.soul n.
2.element n.
3.universal adj.
4.author n.
5.novel n.
6.upper adj.
7.gap n.
8.context n.
灵魂;心性,内心
要素,基本部分
普遍的,共同的;普遍存在的
作者,作家
(长篇)小说
上部的;上面的
差距;间隙
(事情发生的)背景,环境,来龙去脉;上下文,语境
串记拓展词汇
1.determine vt.确定;支配;决心 vi.决心→ adj.有决心的;坚定的→ n.决心
2.significant adj.有重要意义的,显著的→ adv.有重大意义地;显著地→ n.重要性
3.description n.描述,形容,说明→ vt.描述→ adj.描述的
4.sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的;体贴的;敏感的;灵敏的→ n.感觉;意识→ adj.无意识的;失去知觉的
determined
determination
significantly
significance
describe
descriptive
sense
senseless
5.reflect vt.& vi.反映,显示;映出(影像);反射(声、光、热等);沉思
→ n.反映;倒影
6.capable adj.有能力,有才能;能力强的→ n.才能,能力;容量→ adj.(反)无能力的;不胜任的
7.awaken vt.& vi.唤起,被唤起;(使)醒来→ adj.醒着
8.permanence n.永久,持久性→ adj.永久的;永恒的
9.summary n.总结,概括,概要→ v.总结;概括
10.specific adj.特定的;明确的,具体的→ adv.明确地;具体地
→ n.明确性;具体性
reflection
capability
incapable
awake
permanent
summarize
specifically
specificity
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
动词词尾加后缀-ption构成的名词有:
describe v.描述→description n.描述
consume v.消耗,消费→consumption n.消耗,消费
absorb v.吸收→absorption n.吸收;吸纳
receive v.接收,接待→reception n.接收,接待
deceive v.欺骗→deception n.欺骗
assume v.假定,设想→assumption n.假定,设想
prescribe v.规定,指定→prescription n.处方,药方
subscribe v.订阅;赞成→subscription n.订阅;认购
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 致力,专心,献身
2. 充分利用
3. 即将发生(在某人身上),等待着(某人)
4. 对……有吸引力;呼吁
5. 总之;简言之
6. 能够
7. 呈现;承担;接纳;雇用;穿上
devote oneself to
make the best of
in store (for sb)
appeal to
in a word
be capable of
take on
8. 总的来说
9. 合格;符合标准
10. 无疑地
11. 凭借,利用
12. 因此;结果是
in summary
measure up
no doubt
draw on
as a result
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.reflect vt.& vi.反映,显示;映出(影像);反射(声、光、热等);沉思
【佳句背诵】What’s more,the traditional Chinese clothes can’t reflect the unique culture of our school.[观点看法]
更重要的是,传统的中国服装不能反映我们学校独特的文化。
2.awaken vt.& vi.唤起,被唤起;(使)醒来
【佳句背诵】Early involvement in music can awaken an interest that will last a lifetime.[观点看法]
早期参与音乐可以唤醒持续终生的兴趣。
3.contain vt.包含,含有,容纳
【佳句背诵】The course mainly contain three parts,and every part takes one month.[课程介绍]
这门课程主要包括三个部分,每部分耗时一个月。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.devote oneself to致力,专心,献身
devote one’s time/life/money/energy to (doing) sth 把……用在/献给(做)某事上
devoted adj.忠实的;深爱的
be devoted to (doing) sth 致力/献身/忠诚于……
devotion n.奉献
【佳句背诵】It is of no use staying up so late if you don’t devote yourself to your study.[观点看法]
如果你不专心学习,那么熬夜是没有用的。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式转换
①Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of our
(devote) to our work and family.
②You can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy something much larger than yourself.
③The young lady devotes herself to (teach) the deaf children,so she has little time to care for her own daughter.
④To be honest,Li Lei is my (devote) friend.
The woman devotes herself to the research,so she has little time to go home.
devotion
to
teaching
devoted
→⑤ ,the woman has little time to go home.
(过去分词短语作状语)
→⑥ ,the woman has little time to go home.(现在分词短语作状语)
Devoted to the research
Devoting herself to the research
2.appeal vi.有吸引力;申诉;呼吁 n.吸引力;申诉;呼吁
appeal to (对某人)有吸引力;(使某人)感兴趣
appeal (to sb) for sth/to do sth 呼吁/恳求(某人) (做)某事
appeal for恳求;呼吁
make an appeal to sb for sth 为某事向某人发出呼吁
appealing adj.有吸引力的,有感染力的
【佳句背诵】(2021·天津3月卷)The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January.[情况介绍]
这个程序在一月份开始引进的时候,吸引了很多员工。
【即学即练】单句填空/一句多译
①In addition,most newspapers had little in them that would appeal
a mass audience.
②The Prime Minister appealed to young people their votes.
③The Students’ Union makes appeal to us students to do housework in our spare time.
④We should appeal people to save the things that the nature offers us.
to
for
an
to
它是吸引新闻媒体的一种有效方法。
→⑤It is an effective way .(attract)
→⑥It is an effective way .(appeal)
to attract the media
to appeal to the media
3.determine vt.确定;支配;决心 vi.决心
determine+that/wh-从句 决定……
determine to do sth 决定做某事(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
determined adj.坚决的;有决心的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
be determined that...决心……
it is determined that...决定……
determination n.决心;决定
with determination坚决地,果断地
【佳句背诵】(2021·全国甲卷)And the more we look,the more we will see that social factors like gender,race,and class do not determine the appearance of genius.[观点看法]
我们看得越多,就越会发现像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能决定天才的外貌。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式转换
①From his (determine) look,we can know his confidence.
②There were many diving spots in the area and Larry was determined
(visit) all of them.
③He determined (go) home after work at once.
④The work needs long patience and (determine).
⑤Johnny broke away and ran outside and he was determined never to go to another dance.
→Johnny broke away and ran outside,_________________________________.
(形容词短语作状语)
determined
to visit
to go
determination
determined never to go to another dance
4.significant adj.有重要意义的,显著的
it is significant that...很明显……
insignificant adj.无关紧要的
significance n.意义;重要性;重要意义
be of great significance=be very significant非常重要的;有重大意义的
be of no significance无意义的;无关紧要的
attach significance to...重视;认为……重要
insignificance n.无意义;不重要;无价值
significantly adv.显著地;重大地
【佳句背诵】(2021·浙江1月卷)This was a significant difference between calls and gestures...[情况介绍]
这是呼叫和手势之间的显著差异……
【即学即练】单句填空/句式转换
①In my view,practicing handwriting is great significance to the students’ growth.
②As time goes by,I attach more great significance to (do) what I am doing now.
③The new drug has great (significant) for the treatment of the disease.
④As a matter of fact,his advice is very significant to the beginners.
→As a matter of fact,his advice the beginners.(significance)
of
doing
significance
is of great significance to
5.sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的;体贴的;敏感的;灵敏的
be sensitive to对……敏感的/体谅的
be sensitive about 介意;在乎
sense n.感觉;官能;观念
make sense有意义;能理解
make sense of理解;明白
there is no sense in doing sth 做某事无意义
in a sense在某种意义上
sensible adj.明智的;合理的
be sensible of意识到
【佳句背诵】 Paul Beer says the new-born rhino is sensitive to heat.
[观点看法]
Paul Beer说新生的犀牛对热很敏感。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Are you sensible the dangers of your position
② a sense,it doesn’t matter any more,so it doesn’t need considering.
③Young people are very sensitive their appearance.
④My leg is sensitive changes in temperature.
⑤父母有时对每一个孩子的反应都很敏感,所以他们会给孩子们过多的赞扬。
Parents_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________that they offer too much praise to their children.
of
In
about
to
are sometimes so sensitive to each
child’s reactions
6.capable adj.有能力,有才能;能力强的
be capable of sth/doing sth 有能力做某事
incapable adj.没有能力的
capability n.能力,才能
have the capability of (doing) sth/to do sth 有能力做某事
beyond/within the capabilities of超出了……的能力范围;在……的能力范围以内
capably adv.能干地
capacity n.容纳某事物的能力
capacity for (doing) sth 做某事的能力
【佳句背诵】Students who are successful in an online course are usually capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner.[观点看法]
在网上课程上取得成功的学生通常能够独立学习,并且诚实负责。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①I firmly believe you have the capability (create) your own happiness.
②Limited resources are restricting our (capable) for developing new products.
③It was all dealt with (capable) by the police and security people.
to create
capacity
capably
④Our capacity giving care,love and attention is limited.
⑤我对这份工作特别感兴趣,因为我想进一步提高我的英语口语能力和人际交往技巧。
I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve
_________ _________ _________ __________and interpersonal skills.
for
my oral English capabilities
7.summary n.总结,概括,概要
in summary总的来说
make a summary做总结
summarize v.总结,概述
to summarize总的来说
【佳句背诵】At the end of the news,they often give you a summary of the main news stories.[写作指导]
在新闻的结尾,他们通常会给你一个主要新闻故事的概要。
【即学即练】单句填空/一句多译
①Milligan gives a fair summary his subject within a relatively short space.
②I would say, summary,that the campaign has been a great success.
③To (summary),in most cases the schools were achieving the standards.
总的来说,这场演出令人失望。
→④ ,this was a disappointing performance. (summary)
→⑤ ,this was a disappointing performance. (summarize)
of
in
summarize
In summary
To summarize
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
issue
A.n.重要议题,争论的问题 B.n.担忧,问题 C.n.(报刊)一期
①The growing problem is underlined in the latest issue of the Scientific American.
②This is a big issue;we need more time to think about it.
③She’s always on a diet—she has issues about food.
C
A
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.appeal
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi. The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups.
生义 vi. They needed to appeal to his sense of justice.
有吸引力
呼吁
2.reflect
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi.& vt. The lake is calm and clear,and an old tower is reflected in the water.
生义 vt.& vi. On the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well.
映出(影像)
沉思,思忆(往事)
3.feature
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. An interesting feature of the city is the old market.
生义 n. There is a special feature on education on the TV tonight.
特色,特征
专题节目
重点句式——多维剖析
1.what引导的主语从句
【教材原句】 What amazed the child was not a new world,but the unnoticed music of the old.
让孩子感到惊奇的不是一个新的世界,而是一种未被人察觉的古老的音乐。
(1)what除了引导主语从句外,还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。what在从句中作成分,意为“所……的(东西)”,在含义上等于“名词+that”。
(2)名词性从句的引导词除了what以外,还有that,which,who,where,when,how等。that在名词性从句中不作成分,一般不可以省略。
【佳句背诵】 What puzzles Lily’s friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas.[情况介绍]
令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) comes next is the endless series of steps.
② the sun works attracts a lot of students who are interested in astronomy.
③(2021·浙江卷)However, my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours.
④它是一个你可以和朋友分享生活中所发生的事情的地方。
It is a place where you can share________ ________ ________ ________
in your life with friends.
What
How
what
what is going on
2.介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装
【教材原句】 Behind every book is a man,behind the man is the race,and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
每一本书的背后是一个人,这个人的背后是某个种族,这个种族的背后是自然和社会环境。
(1)当here/there,now/then,up/down,in/out,away,off等表示处所、方位的副词或介词(短语)置于句首,且主语是名词时用全部倒装。谓语动词常用come,go,be,exist,lie,run,rush,sit,stand等。
(2)一些表语形容词放在句首,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起句子完全倒装。
(3)there be句型也属于一种完全倒装句。be可以用表示“存在”的动词替换,如live,exist,lie,stand,seem,rise,remain,happen,come,go等。
注意:
(1)若句子的主语是代词,则主谓不倒装。
(2)完全倒装结构谓语动词的单复数取决于其主语,也就是后面的名词。
【佳句背诵】Then came more than 500 enquiries for detailed information. [情况介绍]
然后就来了500多条了解详细信息的询问。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式转换
①I was the queen of the playground.Then (come) my tweens and teens.
②Below (be) some common do’s and don’ts for online learners.
③The children rushed out from the classroom as soon as the bell rang.
→ from the classroom as soon as the bell rang.(完全倒装)
came
are
Out rushed the children
3.抽象名词+定语从句
【教材原句】 In a word,we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.
总之,我们现在已经到了希望享受和理解文学的阶段。
(1)抽象名词,如指“情况、情形、形势”等的
activity,case,point,state,stage,situation,atmosphere 等,后接定语从句时,常用where 或“介词+which”作引导词。
(2)如果抽象名词是表示时间的名词,如occasion,point,stage等,其后的定语从句用when引导。
(3)在抽象地点名词后的定语从句中,如果关系词作主语或宾语,则需要用that或which引导。
【佳句背诵】(2021·浙江卷) ...David Bond realized that his children...were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear without getting a response.[情况介绍]
……David Bond意识到,他的孩子们……被屏幕所束缚,以至于他可以对着三岁儿子的耳朵说“巧克力”而不会得到回应。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式转换
①Have you ever had a case someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick
②Shy people often avoid such situations the close contact with other people is normal.
③They have reached the point they have to cooperate with each other.
where
where
where
④This restaurant has an inviting,homelike atmosphere many others are short of.
⑤The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.
→The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere
his employees enjoy their work.
that/which
in which
