兰州市第五十五中学2023—2024年第二学期开学检测
高二年级英语学科试卷
第Ⅰ卷选择题;共65分
一. 单项选择 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
1. It is a pity ________ you didn’t attend the lecture yesterday.
A. what B. whether C. that D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：太遗憾了，你昨天没有来听讲座。这个句子符合句型“it+is+n.+that”，意思是“做某事是……的”。其中it是形式主语，横线后的从句是真正的主语。分析从句可知，从句主谓宾俱全，且无需填入“是否”这个意思，所以填that，故选C项。
2. You will be well soon if you ________ the medicine on time.
A. take B. taking C. took D. taken
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你如果按时吃药，你很快就会康复的。主语从句使用一般将来时，条件、时间状语从句中使用一般现在时，主语为you，take使用动词原形。故选A项。
3. The little boy admitted ________ the glass while playing football.
A. to have broken B. breaking
C. having been broken D. to break
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：这个小男孩承认踢足球时打碎了玻璃。admit having done sth. (承认做过某事)，admit doing sth. (承认做某事)，主动语态，break用动名词一般式作宾语。故选B项。
4. Steven apologized for ________ to inform me of the change in the plan.
A. him not be able B. his not being able
C. his being not able D. his not be able
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词的复合结构。句意：史蒂文为没能把计划的改变通知我而道歉。本题中，介词for后接动名词的复合结构（形容词性物主代词+动名词）作宾语，且否定词not置于动名词前。故选B项。
5. The parents as well as their son ________ determined to go abroad for their holiday this year.
A. is B. had C. are D. has
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：这对父母和他们的儿子都决心今年出国度假。as well as连接名词或者代词做主语是，谓语动词的单复数与as well as之前的主语的单复数保持一致。本句与The parents 保持一致。be determined to do sth。故选C项。
6. Wear a life jacket ________ you fall into the water.
A. in case B. as if C. even if D. so that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：穿上救生衣，以防掉进水里。A. in case以防； B. as if好像；C. even if尽管；D. so that以至于。根据句意可知，本句为in case引导的目的状语从句。故选A项。
7. It is said that a new bridge ________ over the river next year.
A. will be built B. will build C. was build D. built
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：据说明年将在这条河上建一座新桥。根据“next year”可知，本句为一般将来时，主语与谓语为被动关系。所以本句为一般将来时的被动语态。故选A项。
8. Look out! The house ________ roof has been seriously damaged in the storm might fall down at any moment.
A. of which B. that C. whose D. which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当心!房子随时都可能倒塌，它的屋顶暴风雨中被严重损坏的。先行词为The house ，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词roof，因公关系代词whose引导从句。故选C项。
9. After seeing the movie, ________.
A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it
C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看完电影后，他想读这本书。after后面的动名词seeing的逻辑主语是主句主句，应是人看电影，所以主句主语应是为人，只有C项符合，故选C。
10. What will we use when we have ________ oil in the world
A. run out of B. gone out of C. broken away from D. run out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：如果我们把世界上的油都用光了，我们用什么呢？A. run out of把……用光；B. gone out of从……消失；C. broken away from摆脱……；D.run out 被用光。B和C两个选项不符合语境，要注意D选项是不及物动词词组，后面不可以接宾语，它的意思是“被用光”，故选A项。
11. ________ too many sweets is bad for one’s teeth.
A. Eat B. Eating C. Ate D. To eat
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：吃太多甜食对你的牙齿没有好处。表示一般性、经常性的行为，用动名词作主语。故选B项。
12. The harder you practice, ________.
A. you can make great progress
B. you can make greater progress
C. the greater progress you will make
D. the great progress you will make
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和比较级。句意：你练习得越努力，进步就越大。“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the +比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，意少“越……就越……”。故选C项。
13. Several projects are________ to help those poor college students to finish their education.
A. under way B. by the way C. all the way D. in the way
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一些项目正在进行中，以帮助那些贫困的大学生完成他们的学业。A.under way在进行中； B .by the way顺便说一下；C. all the way一直；D. in the way挡路。根据“help those poor college students to finish their education.”可知，一些项目正在进行中，以帮助那些贫困的大学生完成他们的学业。故选A项
14. I bought the same shirt as my brother has, but it cost me ________ his.
A. as much twice as B. as twice as much
C. much as twice as D. twice as much as
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查倍数表达法。句意：我买了和我哥哥一样的衬衫，但花的钱是他的两倍。本句为倍数表达法中的一种形式：倍数+as+形容词原级+as+比较对象。故选D项。
15. ______ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Having not received D. Not having received
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：还没有收到回信，他决定再写一封信。首先注意非谓语动词的否定形式，是将not放在非谓语之前，所以B和C选项形式错误；receive的逻辑主语是he，二者呈主动关系，且“没有收到信”这个非谓语动作发生在谓语“再写一封”之前，这种情况应该使用having done的形式，故选D项。
二. 阅读理解 (共10小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文 ，从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B 、C 和 D )中 ，选出最佳选项 ，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How I wish to go to the bottom (底部) of the sea for an adventure (探险)! There are quite a lot of beautiful fishes swimming here around me and they are in different shapes and colors. A big whale or a shark might appear. Frightening, isn’t it But most fishes are friendly and won’t hurt you if you do not attack them. It would be great fun just to watch the fishes quietly and even play with them. --from Qin Yixing.
Last night, I had a dream. I was flying to Africa. Once I reached the land, I found a jeep to the grasslands. I was about to get into the jeep when I saw a few snakes in front of me. Luckily, they went away without hurting me. Soon I happened to find some nice giraffes and a crowd of zebras. On my way back, there was something wrong with the jeep. I was so scared that I fell with the jeep upside down. Much to my surprise, a helicopter (直升飞机) came in time to rescue me. What a dream adventure! --from Zhang Liang.
16. Qin Yixing dreams to go to the bottom of the sea to______.
A. have a holiday B. take an adventure C. find a job D. watch a game
17. According to Qin Yixing, we know most fishes are_______.
A. noisy B. frightening C. friendly D. quiet
18. Zhang Liang got to Africa______.
A. by plane B. by jeep C. by water D. by bus
19. In his dream, Zhang Liang saw all these animals EXCEPT_______.
A. snakes B. giraffes C. zebras D. tigers
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文叙述了秦宜星的愿望和张亮的梦。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“How I wish to go to the bottom (底部) of the sea for an adventure (探险)!”（我多么希望到海底去冒险啊!）可知，Qin Yixing去海底冒险。故选B项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But most fishes are friendly and won’t hurt you if you do not attack them.”（但是大多数鱼是友好的，如果你不攻击它们，它们就不会伤害你。）可知，大多数鱼都很友好。故选C项。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I was flying to Africa.”（我乘飞机去非洲）可知，张亮乘飞机去非洲。故选A项。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I was about to get into the jeep when I saw a few snakes in front of me. Luckily, they went away without hurting me. Soon I happened to find some nice giraffes and a crowd of zebras.”（我正要上吉普车，突然看到前面有几条蛇。幸运的是，他们没有伤害我就走了。不久，我碰巧发现了一些漂亮的长颈鹿和一群斑马。）可知，张亮没有看到老虎。故选D项。
B
This is not a diet. It’s a simple way to lose weight. You don’t have to give up the food you love or join a gym. You just follow some habits thin people have. Keep them, and you’ll become thin.
◆Wake-up
When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, lean forward (前俯) until you feel sore (酸痛的) in your back. It will use up 10 calories.
◆Start with soup
Order a clear soup, and have it before the main food. In this way, you’ll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
◆An apple or more a day
Apples are full of fiber (纤维) and water, so your stomach will want less. Studies show that people who eat at least three apples or pears a day may lose weight.
◆Talk it up
Every time you use the cell phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn up 50 or more calories. Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.
20. The text is to encourage you to ______.
A. go on a diet B. give up your favorite foods
C. join a gym D. follow some habits of thin people
21. Which of the following ways is a good choice to become thin
A. Sit up quickly in the morning. B. Have soup before the main food.
C. Eat rice instead of apples. D. Sit down when using a cell phone.
22. The text is most likely to be read ______.
A. in a magazine B. in a dictionary C. in a story-book D. on a map
【答案】20. D 21. B 22. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些实用的减肥技巧。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中的“You just follow some habits thin people have. Keep them, and you’ll become thin.”（你只需遵循瘦人的一些习惯，坚持下去，你会变瘦的。）以及下文介绍的一些实用减肥技巧，可知文章的目的是鼓励读者遵循瘦人的一些习惯以达到减肥的目的。故选D项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“Order a clear soup, and have it before the main food. In this way, you’ll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.”（点一份清汤，放在主食前。这样，你会觉得饱了，所以当主食来的时候，你会吃得更少。），可知主食前喝汤，会有饱腹感，吃饭时就会吃得少，吃得少自然不胖，因此可知在主食前先喝汤是变瘦的好选择。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些实用的减肥技巧，属于健康范畴，最有可能在杂志上的健康版块看到这篇文章。故选A项。
C
Julian Beever is a well-known British artist. His drawings have appeared on the streets of London, Pairs, Tokyo, New York and many other cities around the world. Beever creates what looks like a three-dimensional design (三维设计). From animals to heroes, to buildings, the paintings are a wonder for our eyes to see.
In his book Pavement Chalk Artist, Beever shares some of his most attractive and humorous pieces. Here are the examples you will find in the book.
Philadelphia Eagle, created in the USA, is a huge drawing with an eagle (鹰) landing on an American national flag. Meeting Mr. Frog was created in Spain and is about a realistic-looking (样子逼真的) frog sitting on a Lily pad (睡莲叶子). Swimming pool in the High Street is about a woman relaxing in a swimming pool sunk into the middle of the street.
Along with an introduction about his background, Beever shares information about his time at home in the UK and abroad. With a funny story coming after each piece of art, this 112-page book is really worth another look.
23. What do people think of Beever’s drawings
A. Terrible. B. Ugly. C. Wonderful. D. Boring.
24 Which of the art pieces can NOT be found in the book Pavement Chalk Artist
A. Philadelphia Eagle B. Meeting Mr. Frog
C. Swimming pool in the High Street D. Sharing information
25. The text mainly talks about_______.
A. a three-dimensional design B. Julian Beever and his book
C. an attractive drawing D. famous artists in Spain
【答案】23. C 24. D 25. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。Julian Beever是一个国际知名的粉笔艺术家，他的三维绘画作品已经出现在伦敦、布宜诺斯艾利斯、巴黎、纽约和世界各地的无数城市的街头。而在他的新书中这位艺术家也和读者分享了一些他最迷人的和幽默的作品背后的故事。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“From animals to heroes to buildings, the paintings are wonders for our eyes to see.(从动物到英雄再到建筑，这些画对我们来说都是奇观)”可推知，作者认为Beever的画作是令人惊艳的。故选C。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Philadelphia Eagle, created in the USA, is a huge drawing with an eagle (鹰) landing on an American national flag. Meeting Mr. Frog was created in Spain and is about a realistic-looking (样子逼真的) frog sitting on a Lily pad (睡莲叶子). Swimming pool in the High Street is about a woman relaxing in a swimming pool sunk into the middle of the street.(《费城鹰》，创作于美国，是一幅巨大的图画，鹰降落在美国国旗上。《遇见青蛙先生》创作于西班牙，讲述的是一只坐在百合花垫上看起来很逼真的青蛙。《大街上的游泳池》讲述的是一个女人在街中央的游泳池里放松的故事)”可推知，在Pavement Chalk Artist书中不能找到Sharing Information。故选D。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Along with an introduction about his background, Beever shares information about his time at home in the UK and abroad. With a fun story coming after each piece of art, this 112- page book is really worth another look.(除了介绍他的背景外，Beever还分享了他在英国国内外的经历。每件艺术品后面都有一个有趣的故事，这本112页的书真的值得再看一眼)”可知，本文主要介绍了粉笔艺术家Julian Beever和他的书。故选B。
三. 完型填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Jorge Serrano and his dog Charlie were wandering around in a park. Suddenly, they heard a(n) ___26___ near the pond. It was a mother duck, sounding anxious quacks from a drain(排水沟) in the center of the water. Across the street, about 150 feet away, some people had gathered at the drain’s exit.
Five ducklings had swum too close and had been ___27___ in the water pipe by the drain’s current. You could hear their ___28___ quacks from the pipe’s mouth. The pipe was less than 2 feet in diameter (直径). Serrano would never fit. It suddenly hit him that his dog could ___29___ the task. He patted Charlie and said, “Go to get the duckies.”
Charlie ___30___ into the pipe from the outside, listening carefully. The tunnel was dark, dirty and ___31___ .Charlie took a few steps into the unknown. He turned back with a strange look as if to say, “What are you asking me to do here ”
“Go in and get the duckies,” Serrano ___32___ . Charlie faded out of sight, ___33___ few seconds later with a muddy stick. He handed it hopefully to Serrano.
“Duckies,” said Serrano. This time, the message went through. Charlie walked into the ___34___, again. For a while, Serrano couldn’t hear his footsteps, feeling ____35____. What if Charlie got lost or stuck
Minutes later, he emerged, ____36____ holding a duckling in his mouth so as not to hurt it. Serrano ____37____ , and then sent him back in. Five times, Charlie ____38____ into the tunnel, carrying the ducklings out one by one. Then, cheering ____39____ carried them to their mom.
“I am glad I have trained him to help people, but he’s really a smart guy that wants to please,” said Serrano. How ____40____ the ducks were!
26. A. explosion B. noise C. cheer D. alarm
27. A. buried B. trapped C. hidden D. adjusted
28. A. vital B. delighted C. deceased D. desperate
29. A. carry out B. set out C. set aside D. turn down
30. A. dived B. detected C. looked D. bumped
31. A. empty B. quiet C. scary D. visible
32. A. repeated B. inquired C. interrupted D. approved
33. A. breaking down B. settling down C. keeping up D. turning up
34. A. park B. lake C. pipe D. cave
35. A. confused B. anxious C. depressed D. annoyed
36. A. slightly B. skillfully C. gently D. barely
37. A. followed B. applauded C. assessed D. rescued
38. A. fled B. dug C. fell D. adventured
39. A. witnesses B. commanders C. hosts D. cyclists
40. A. exhausted B. adorable C. courageous D. blessed
【答案】26. B 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jorge Serrano和他的狗Charlie在公园散步时，遇到了被卡在管道里小鸭子，于是Serrano让Charlie从管道中救出五只被卡住的小鸭子。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，他们听到池塘附近有声音。A. explosion爆炸；B. noise噪音，声音；C. cheer欢呼声，喝彩声；D. alarm警报。根据后文“It was a mother duck, sounding anxious quacks from a drain (排水沟) in the center of the water.(那是一只母鸭，从水中央的排水沟里发出焦虑的嘎嘎声)”可知，他们听到鸭子的声音。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五只小鸭子游得太近了，被排水管的水流卡在了水管里。A. buried埋葬；B. trapped卡住，被困；C. hidden隐藏；D. adjusted调整。根据“Five ducklings had swum too close”和“You could hear their ___3___ quacks from the pipe’s mouth.”可知，五只小鸭子被卡在排水管里面。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以从管道口听到它们绝望的叫声。A. vital重要的；B. delighted高兴的；C. deceased已故的；D. desperate绝望的。根据“Five ducklings had swum too close and had been ___2___ in the water pipe by the drain’s current.”可知，因为小鸭子被卡在排水管里面，所以发出绝望的叫声求救。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他突然想到他的狗能执行这项任务。A. carry out执行，实施；B. set out出发；C. set aside搁置，留出；D. turn down拒绝。根据后文“He patted Charlie and said, “Go to get the duckies.”(他拍了拍查理，说:“去把鸭子救上来。”)”可知，他想到他的狗能执行这个营救任务。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：查理从外面往管道里看，仔细地听着。A. dived潜水；B. detected发现；C. looked看；D. bumped碰撞。根据“The tunnel was dark, dirty and ___6___.”可知，Charlie在执行任务之前先观察了水管。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：管道又黑又脏又吓人。A. empty空的；B. quiet安静的；C. scary吓人的；D. visible可见的。根据“Charlie took a few steps into the unknown.”可知，因为对于管道里面的情况一无所知，所以是令人害怕的。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“进去把鸭子拿出来，”Serrano重复道。A. repeated重复；B. inquired询问；C. interrupted打断；D. approved赞成。呼应上文“Go get the duckies.”此处表示Serrano重复这个命令。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：查理消失了，几秒钟后拿着一根沾满泥巴的棍子出现了。A. breaking down出故障；B. settling down定居；C. keeping up坚持；D. turning up出现。根据后文“later with a muddy stick”指狗拿着棍子再次出现，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：查理又走进了管道。A. park公园；B. lake湖；C. pipe管道，管子；D. cave洞穴。根据“Charlie ___5___ into the pipe from the outside”可知，此处是pipe的原词复现。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一段时间，Serrano听不到他的脚步声，感到焦急。A. confused困惑的；B. anxious焦急的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. annoyed生气的，恼怒的。根据“For a while, Serrano couldn’t hear his footsteps”和“What if Charlie got lost or stuck ”可知，Serrano因为担心Charlie迷路或者被卡住而感到焦急。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，他出现了，轻轻地把一只小鸭子叼在嘴里，以免弄伤它。A. slightly稍微；B. skillfully灵巧地，娴熟地；C. gently温柔地；D. barely几乎不。根据“so as not to hurt it”可知，因为害怕弄伤小鸭子，所以轻轻地叼在嘴里。故选C。
37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Serrano为他鼓掌，然后送他回去。A. followed跟着；B. applauded鼓掌，称赞；C. assessed评估；D. rescued营救。根据“Minutes later, he emerged, ___11___ holding a duckling in his mouth so as not to hurt it.”可知，Charlie成功救出一只小鸭子，Serrano鼓掌表扬它。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：查理五次冒险进入管道，一只接一只地把小鸭子带了出来。A. fled逃走；B. dug挖；C. fell落下；D. adventured探险。根据上文“The tunnel was dark, dirty and ___6___. Charlie took a few steps into the unknown.”可知，Charlie是冒险进入管道。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，欢呼的目击者把他们抱到妈妈身边。A. witnesses目击者；B. commanders指挥官；C. hosts主人；D. cyclists骑自行车的人。根据“Across the street, about 150 feet away, some people had gathered at the drain’s exit.(在街对面，大约150英尺外，一些人聚集在排水沟出口)”可知，此处指目击者。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鸭子们是多么幸运啊！A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. adorable可爱的，讨人喜欢的；C. courageous勇敢的，无畏的；D. blessed幸运的。根据文章内容可知，小鸭子们获救了，因此它们是幸运的。故选D。
第II卷 非选择题35分
四. 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Northwest China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has adopted digital technology ___41___ (preserve) ancient cliff (悬崖) carvings and paintings before their disappearance.
Workers have copied more than 2, 000 immovable rock carvings and paintings at Helan Mountain to digitalize the overall views as well as ___42___ (they) accurate locations. The digital information will be sorted and workers will conduct a disease ___43___ (analyse).
Rock carvings ___44___ (appear) before writing systems were invented. At Helan Mountain, more than 20, 000 cliff paintings and carvings created by the ancestors have been discovered, most of ___45___ record the lives of the people who lived 3, 000 to 10, 000 years ago. In general, the majority of images are animals, ___46___ (follow) by humans, vehicles, plants, planets, fingerprints and abstract signs. The surfaces were mainly carved with stone or metal, and ___47___ (expose) to the open air makes the protection of rock paintings and carvings a ___48___ (remarkable) big issue. At present, there is no effective, naturally scientific and technological means to prevent their disappearance. Some experts have predicted ___49___ the end of this century, ___50___ quarter of the world’s rock paintings will have disappeared ultimately.
【答案】41. to preserve
42. their 43. analysis
44. had appeared
45. which 46. followed
47. being exposed
48. remarkably
49. by 50. a##one
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在古代石刻和壁画消失之前，中国西北部的宁夏回族自治区采用了数字技术来保护它们。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国西北的宁夏回族自治区已经采用数字技术来保护古老的悬崖雕刻和绘画，以免它们消失。分析句子成分，该句子的谓语动词是 has adopted，空处填非谓语动词。由句意可知，采用数字技术的目的是为了保护古代石刻和壁画，所以填不定式to preserve，作目的状语。故填to preserve。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：工人们复制了贺兰山2000多件不可移动的岩石雕刻和绘画，并将其整体视图及其准确位置数字化。空后是名词locations，所以空处填形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些数字信息将被分类，工作人员将进行病因分析。空前是动词will conduct，所以空处填名词analysis，由冠词a可知，此处填单数，构成名词短语disease analysis。故填analysis。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：在文字系统发明之前，岩石雕刻就已经出现了。分析句子成分，该空在句中作谓语动词。由句意可知，“出现”发生在过去动作“发明”之前，表示过去的过去用过去完成时，即had appeared。故填had appeared。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在贺兰山，发现了两万多幅由先人创作的岩画和雕刻，其中大部分记录了生活在3000到10000年前的人们的生活。分析句子结构，此处考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cliff paintings and carvings，指物，代替先行词在从句中作主语，位于介词之后，所以填关系代词which。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一般来说，大多数图像是动物，其次是人类、车辆、植物、行星、指纹和抽象符号。分析句子成分，该句子谓语动词是are，空处填非谓语动词，由提示介词by可知，此处填过去分词followed表被动。故填followed。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：岩石表面主要由石头或金属雕刻而成，暴露在户外使岩画和雕刻的保护成为一个非常大的问题。并列连词and后的谓语动词是makes，所以空处非谓语动词。分析句子成分，该空在句中作主语，且表示被动，所以填动名词的被动语态，即being exposed。故填being exposed。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：岩石表面主要由石头或金属雕刻而成，暴露在户外使岩画和雕刻的保护成为一个非常大的问题。分析句子成分，空后是形容词big，所以该空填副词remarkably，表示“明显，非常”，作状语。故填remarkably。
【49题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。句意：一些专家预测，到本世纪末，世界上四分之一的岩画将最终消失。根据空后提示词“the end of ”和动词“will have disappeared”可知，此处填介词by，构成短语by the end of表示“到……为止”，常和完成时连用。故填by。
【50题详解】
考查冠词或代词。句意：一些专家预测，到本世纪末，世界上四分之一的岩画将最终消失。空后是可数名词单数quarter。a/one quarter of为固定短语，意为“四分之一”。故填a/one。
五. 书面表达 (满分20分)
51. 假定你是校英文报编辑李华，你校在上周开展了为期一周的“中国古代诗词诵读周”活动，请你写一篇新闻稿，报道该活动。内容包括：
1. 活动形式;
2. 活动意义。
注意：1. 写作词数应80个左右;
2. 请务必注意“新闻稿”格式，否则扣2分!
(词汇提示: recite v. 背诵 chant v. 吟诵、朗诵)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】China Ancient Poetry Recitation
Last week, our school held a China Ancient Poetry Recitation Week, which lasted for one week. The activity invited students and teachers to recite and chant ancient Chinese poems and learn about their cultural significance.
Participants showcased their talents and abilities in reciting ancient poetry which helped them gain a deeper appreciation for traditional Chinese culture. This event is an important initiative to spread traditional cultural heritage among younger generations and foster the country's cultural self-confidence. We hope that this activity will inspire more young people to learn and recite classic Chinese poetry.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校在上周开展了为期一周的“中国古代诗词诵读周”活动，要求考生就此写一篇新闻稿，报道该活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→ host
天赋：talent→ gift
培育：foster→ cultivate
希望：hope→ expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The activity invited students and teachers to recite and chant ancient Chinese poems and learn about their cultural significance.
拓展句：The activity invited students and teachers to recite and chant ancient Chinese poems, which could also help them learn about their cultural significance.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Last week, our school held a China Ancient Poetry Recitation Week, which lasted for one week.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We hope that this activity will inspire more young people to learn and recite classic Chinese poetry.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）兰州市第五十五中学2023—2024年第二学期开学检测
高二年级英语学科试卷
第Ⅰ卷选择题;共65分
一. 单项选择 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
1. It is a pity ________ you didn’t attend the lecture yesterday.
A. what B. whether C. that D. when
2. You will be well soon if you ________ the medicine on time.
A. take B. taking C. took D. taken
3. The little boy admitted ________ the glass while playing football.
A. to have broken B. breaking
C. having been broken D. to break
4 Steven apologized for ________ to inform me of the change in the plan.
A. him not be able B. his not being able
C. his being not able D. his not be able
5. The parents as well as their son ________ determined to go abroad for their holiday this year.
A. is B. had C. are D. has
6. Wear a life jacket ________ you fall into the water.
A. in case B. as if C. even if D. so that
7. It is said that a new bridge ________ over the river next year.
A. will be built B. will build C. was build D. built
8. Look out! The house ________ roof has been seriously damaged in the storm might fall down at any moment.
A. of which B. that C. whose D. which
9. After seeing the movie, ________.
A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it
C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him
10. What will we use when we have ________ oil in the world
A. run out of B. gone out of C. broken away from D. run out
11. ________ too many sweets is bad for one’s teeth.
A. Eat B. Eating C. Ate D. To eat
12. The harder you practice, ________.
A. you can make great progress
B. you can make greater progress
C. the greater progress you will make
D. the great progress you will make
13. Several projects are________ to help those poor college students to finish their education.
A. under way B. by the way C. all the way D. in the way
14. I bought the same shirt as my brother has, but it cost me ________ his.
A. as much twice as B. as twice as much
C. much as twice as D. twice as much as
15. ______ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Having not received D. Not having received
二. 阅读理解 (共10小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文 ，从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B 、C 和 D )中 ，选出最佳选项 ，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How I wish to go to the bottom (底部) of the sea for an adventure (探险)! There are quite a lot of beautiful fishes swimming here around me and they are in different shapes and colors. A big whale or a shark might appear. Frightening isn’t it But most fishes are friendly and won’t hurt you if you do not attack them. It would be great fun just to watch the fishes quietly and even play with them. --from Qin Yixing.
Last night, I had a dream. I was flying to Africa. Once I reached the land, I found a jeep to the grasslands. I was about to get into the jeep when I saw a few snakes in front of me. Luckily, they went away without hurting me. Soon I happened to find some nice giraffes and a crowd of zebras. On my way back, there was something wrong with the jeep. I was so scared that I fell with the jeep upside down. Much to my surprise, a helicopter (直升飞机) came in time to rescue me. What a dream adventure! --from Zhang Liang.
16. Qin Yixing dreams to go to the bottom of the sea to______.
A. have a holiday B. take an adventure C. find a job D. watch a game
17. According to Qin Yixing, we know most fishes are_______.
A. noisy B. frightening C. friendly D. quiet
18. Zhang Liang got to Africa______.
A. by plane B. by jeep C. by water D. by bus
19. In his dream, Zhang Liang saw all these animals EXCEPT_______.
A. snakes B. giraffes C. zebras D. tigers
B
This is not a diet. It’s a simple way to lose weight. You don’t have to give up the food you love or join a gym. You just follow some habits thin people have. Keep them, and you’ll become thin.
◆Wake-up
When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, lean forward (前俯) until you feel sore (酸痛的) in your back. It will use up 10 calories.
◆Start with soup
Order a clear soup and have it before the main food. In this way, you’ll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
◆An apple or more a day
Apples are full of fiber (纤维) and water, so your stomach will want less. Studies show that people who eat at least three apples or pears a day may lose weight.
◆Talk it up
Every time you use the cell phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn up 50 or more calories. Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.
20. The text is to encourage you to ______.
A. go on a diet B. give up your favorite foods
C. join a gym D. follow some habits of thin people
21 Which of the following ways is a good choice to become thin
A. Sit up quickly in the morning. B. Have soup before the main food.
C. Eat rice instead of apples. D. Sit down when using a cell phone.
22. The text is most likely to be read ______.
A. in a magazine B. in a dictionary C. in a story-book D. on a map
C
Julian Beever is a well-known British artist. His drawings have appeared on the streets of London, Pairs, Tokyo, New York and many other cities around the world. Beever creates what looks like a three-dimensional design (三维设计). From animals to heroes, to buildings, the paintings are a wonder for our eyes to see.
In his book Pavement Chalk Artist, Beever shares some of his most attractive and humorous pieces. Here are the examples you will find in the book.
Philadelphia Eagle, created in the USA, is a huge drawing with an eagle (鹰) landing on an American national flag. Meeting Mr. Frog was created in Spain and is about a realistic-looking (样子逼真的) frog sitting on a Lily pad (睡莲叶子). Swimming pool in the High Street is about a woman relaxing in a swimming pool sunk into the middle of the street.
Along with an introduction about his background, Beever shares information about his time at home in the UK and abroad. With a funny story coming after each piece of art, this 112-page book is really worth another look.
23. What do people think of Beever’s drawings
A. Terrible. B. Ugly. C. Wonderful. D. Boring.
24. Which of the art pieces can NOT be found in the book Pavement Chalk Artist
A. Philadelphia Eagle B. Meeting Mr. Frog
C. Swimming pool in the High Street D. Sharing information
25. The text mainly talks about_______.
A. a three-dimensional design B. Julian Beever and his book
C. an attractive drawing D. famous artists in Spain
三. 完型填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Jorge Serrano and his dog Charlie were wandering around in a park. Suddenly, they heard a(n) ___26___ near the pond. It was a mother duck, sounding anxious quacks from a drain(排水沟) in the center of the water. Across the street, about 150 feet away, some people had gathered at the drain’s exit.
Five ducklings had swum too close and had been ___27___ in the water pipe by the drain’s current. You could hear their ___28___ quacks from the pipe’s mouth. The pipe was less than 2 feet in diameter (直径). Serrano would never fit. It suddenly hit him that his dog could ___29___ the task. He patted Charlie and said “Go to get the duckies.”
Charlie ___30___ into the pipe from the outside, listening carefully. The tunnel was dark, dirty and ___31___ .Charlie took a few steps into the unknown. He turned back with a strange look as if to say, “What are you asking me to do here ”
“Go in and get the duckies,” Serrano ___32___ . Charlie faded out of sight, ___33___ few seconds later with a muddy stick. He handed it hopefully to Serrano.
“Duckies,” said Serrano. This time, the message went through. Charlie walked into the ___34___, again. For a while, Serrano couldn’t hear his footsteps, feeling ____35____. What if Charlie got lost or stuck
Minutes later, he emerged, ____36____ holding a duckling in his mouth so as not to hurt it. Serrano ____37____ , and then sent him back in. Five times, Charlie ____38____ into the tunnel, carrying the ducklings out one by one. Then, cheering ____39____ carried them to their mom.
“I am glad I have trained him to help people, but he’s really a smart guy that wants to please,” said Serrano. How ____40____ the ducks were!
26. A. explosion B. noise C. cheer D. alarm
27. A. buried B. trapped C. hidden D. adjusted
28. A. vital B. delighted C. deceased D. desperate
29. A. carry out B. set out C. set aside D. turn down
30. A. dived B. detected C. looked D. bumped
31. A. empty B. quiet C. scary D. visible
32. A. repeated B. inquired C. interrupted D. approved
33. A. breaking down B. settling down C. keeping up D. turning up
34. A. park B. lake C. pipe D. cave
35. A. confused B. anxious C. depressed D. annoyed
36. A. slightly B. skillfully C. gently D. barely
37. A. followed B. applauded C. assessed D. rescued
38. A. fled B. dug C. fell D. adventured
39. A. witnesses B. commanders C. hosts D. cyclists
40. A. exhausted B. adorable C. courageous D. blessed
第II卷 非选择题35分
四. 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Northwest China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has adopted digital technology ___41___ (preserve) ancient cliff (悬崖) carvings and paintings before their disappearance.
Workers have copied more than 2, 000 immovable rock carvings and paintings at Helan Mountain to digitalize the overall views as well as ___42___ (they) accurate locations. The digital information will be sorted and workers will conduct a disease ___43___ (analyse).
Rock carvings ___44___ (appear) before writing systems were invented. At Helan Mountain, more than 20, 000 cliff paintings and carvings created by the ancestors have been discovered, most of ___45___ record the lives of the people who lived 3, 000 to 10, 000 years ago. In general, the majority of images are animals, ___46___ (follow) by humans, vehicles, plants, planets, fingerprints and abstract signs. The surfaces were mainly carved with stone or metal, and ___47___ (expose) to the open air makes the protection of rock paintings and carvings a ___48___ (remarkable) big issue. At present, there is no effective, naturally scientific and technological means to prevent their disappearance. Some experts have predicted ___49___ the end of this century, ___50___ quarter of the world’s rock paintings will have disappeared ultimately.
五. 书面表达 (满分20分)
51. 假定你是校英文报编辑李华，你校在上周开展了为期一周的“中国古代诗词诵读周”活动，请你写一篇新闻稿，报道该活动。内容包括：
1. 活动形式;
2. 活动意义。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请务必注意“新闻稿”格式，否则扣2分!
(词汇提示: recite v. 背诵 chant v. 吟诵、朗诵)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
