(共65张PPT)
Unit Four
A good read
rammar
To learn to use a question word with
a to-infinitive after a verb.
To learn to use must and have to to say that it is necessary to do something.
To learn to use have to when the situation makes something necessary.
.
Learning aims
How is Peter like
Is he good at sports
His future plan is to become a doctor ,right
Lead in
Task 1
Watch and answer:
Did Gulliver know how to get away
Gulliver didn’t know _____________________
(对小人说什么)
Gulliver wanted to find out ______________.
(如何逃跑)
Gulliver in Lilliput
what to say to these tiny men
how to get away
V+
疑问词 +
to do
Millie has decided .(读什么)
Daniel didn’t say .(与谁聊天)
Simon forgot . (何时与朋友见面)
Sandy is wondering . (去哪里寻求帮助)
Amy doesn’t know _______ (如何写报告)
Using question words + to-infinitives
what to read
who to talk to
when to meet friends
where to ask for help
how to write the report
All question words can be used with a to-infinitive, except why.
She will explain why to recommend this book.
×
She will explain why she recommends this book.
√
1.决定做什么
2.想知道去哪儿
wonder where to go
3.知道听谁说
know who to listen to
remember who to chat with
4.记得与谁聊天
5.忘记谈论什么
forget what to talk about
decide what to do
不定式中的不及物动词后必要时需加上适当的介词
用“V+疑问词+to do”完成下列短语
Have a try
How is Peter like
Is he good at sports
His future plan is to become a doctor ,right
Summary
Task 2
我们可以用“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词when, how, where等。常和“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构连用的动词和动词短语有：tell, show, think, learn, know, wonder, decide, remember, forget, understand, see, hear, ask, advise, explain, find out等。
Step 1 结构：
When I go into the clothes shop, I
always can’t decide ______ one to buy.
2. My grandfather doesn’t know ______
to use a computer.
3. --- Will you please show me _____ to
drive a car
--- Yes, of course. Now let me tell you
_____ to do first.
4. I will tell Lucy ______ and _______
to meet.
which
how
how
what
when
where
选用how, which, what, when, where填空。
_________________________is a question.
(如何使用这个机器)
2.The question is__________________(什么时候去那儿).
How to use the machine
when to go there
3. She can’t decide _______________（该买哪件）
which one to buy
练一练
“特殊疑问词+不定式”可直接放在上列动词后，也可以置于上列动词的宾语后，即双宾语。
advise, ask, decide, discuss, find out, forget, know, learn ,remember, show, teach, think, understand, wonder, explain
Step 2“特殊疑问词+不定式 ”可放在哪些动词后？
which, what, whose
how many/ much
V+
+名词
疑问词
+ to do
The map shows us which line to take.
Traffic
1、The teacher told the students how to do the experiment.
老师告诉学生如何做实验。
2、Can you show me how to make a paper boat
你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？
有些动词，如advise, ask, show, teach, tell等，其后可以接双宾语。
Step 3 动词不定式作双宾语：
V + 宾语+ 疑问词+ to do
advise, ask, decide, discuss find out, forget, know, learn remember, say, show, teach think, understand, wonder
…
1.Mr Wu _________________________________as
after-school activities. （建议我们该选哪个）
2.The students ______________________________
their work.（问他们的老师何时上交）
3.Millie _______________________________________.（向我们展示下一步如何做）
4.Daniel __________________________a computer to
draw.（教他自己如何使用）
5.Don’t forget to ______________________________you.
（告诉你妈妈该在哪见）
advised us which to choose
asked their teacher when to hand in
showed us what to do next
taught himself how to use
tell your mum where to meet
小试牛刀
Step 4
They are discussing which color to paint the walls.
You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.
有些疑问词，如what, which, whose, how many, how much等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。
The book doesn’t tell me how much money to take. I think the more, the better.
be+ adj.+ 疑问词+ to do
Eddie is not sure how much money to take.
Suzy was not sure who to ask for help.
Are you clear when to meet at the gate
tomorrow
在“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure, clear，certain等的形容词
Step 5: be+ adj+ 疑问词+动词不定式
Task 6:
疑问词+ to do在句中的作用
到哪里去还是个问题。
Where to go is still a question.
作 主 语，谓语动词常用单数形式
问题是怎样学好英语。
The question is how to learn English well.
作 表 语, 常常置于be动词之后
Simon忘了什么时候见朋友了。
Simon forgot when to meet his friends.
置于动词或者介词只有作宾语
动词不定式
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
I want to see you this evening.
All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
We found a house to live in.
She came here to study English.
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：“know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember，think, wonder, understand”等。 有点值得特别注意的是：当这结构当宾语时，它的作用等于名词分句，例如： (1) I could not decide which dictionary to buy. / I could not decide which dictionary I should buy.
Attention
同义句转换
Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital
=Can you tell me ______________________
2. I don’t know what to do next
=I don’t know ________________________.
3. He asked me what he should wear for the party .
=He asked me ________________________.
how to get to the hospital
what I should / will do next
what to wear for the party
How is Peter like
Is he good at sports
His future plan is to become a doctor ,right
Practice
Task 3
which to read
where to find
how to travel
when to hand in
what to write about
who to ask for
1.Millie has decided__________________. (该读什么)
2.Daniel did not say _________________about this book.（该和谁交谈）
3.Simon forgot __________________his friends. （该什么时候见）
4.Kitty cannot decide _____________________ first.（该选哪一个）
5.Sandy is wondering ___________________for help.（该去哪求助）
6.Amy does not know _______________the report. （该如何写）
填一填
what to read
who to talk to
when to meet
which to choose
where to ask
how to write
How is Peter like
Is he good at sports
His future plan is to become a doctor ,right
Discussion
Task 4
Conclusion : must 表主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，“必须，得，要”。
must 的否定形式must not表示禁止，“不能，不行”。
Look and sum up
1.We must wear school uniforms.
2.We must get to school on time.
3.We must keep quiet in the library.
4.We mustn’t throw rubbish everywhere.
5.We mustn’t pick flowers in the garden.
You must be hungry after all that walking.
走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。
That can’t be Lucy. She has gone to American.
那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。
Conclusion : must 还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是 “一定” 。否定的猜测是can’t。
Look and sum up
1.I will have to ask for leave and stay at home.
2.I don’t have to go to school today.
3.They do not have to buy a computer at
the moment.
Conclusion : have to 表一种客观的需要，“不得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。
have to 的否定形式do not have to, 相当于need not 。
Look and sum up
Someone has put away (收拾，整理) the books.
You _______ do it.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
2. Girls ______ keep long hair away from fire.
A. can B. must C. have to D. may
3. - Can we discuss here
- No, you ______. You will disturb other people.
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. don’t D. needn’t
4. - Must I return the book today
- No, you _____.
A. don’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
Have a try
must与have to是两个常用的情态动词，两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注意两词间的差别。
must 表示主语“有义务”的“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑问句；must 还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。
have to 强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。
I must work hard at my lessons.
我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿）
I have to look after mother at home.
For she is ill.
我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观需要）
It is getting dark. He has to go home now.
天快黑了。他现在得回家了。(客观需要）
must的否定形式是must not，其缩写为mustn’t，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。
have to的否定形式是do not have to，其缩写为don’t have to。
You mustn’t make any noise in class.
上课时你们不许吵闹。
You don’t have to water the flowers.
For it is going to rain.
你们不必浇花了，因为要下雨了。
How is Peter like
Is he good at sports
His future plan is to become a doctor ,right
Practice
Task 5
Amy is telling her cousin Shirley some library plete what she says with must, must not, have to or don’t have to.
You (1) _____ keep quiet in the library.
You (2) _____ keep the books clean and tidy.
You (3) _______ draw or write on the books .
must
must
mustn’t
You (4) _______ eat or drink in the library.
You (5) _____ return the books on time. If you want to keep them longer, you (6) ______ renew them.
You (7) ____________ bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library card.
mustn’t
must
have to
do not have to
How is Peter like
Is he good at sports
His future plan is to become a doctor ,right
课堂检测
Task 7
1. I’m going on a field trip but I haven’t
decided ______.
A. what to do B. to do what
C. where to go D. to go where
2. Excuse me. Would you please tell me
______ buy a digital camera
A. what to B. where to
C. what I can D. where can I
3. — This physics problem is too difficult.
Can you show me ______, Wang Lin
— Sure.
A. what to work it out B. what to work out it
C. how to work it out D. how to work out it
4. — Excuse me. Could you tell me
_____ get to the nearest post office
— Sorry, I am new here.
A. how can I B. how I could
C. how to D. what I can
5. — Excuse me. Could you please tell me ___ my car
— Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you.
A. how to stop B. where to park
C. where to stop D. when to park
6. — ______ I swim here
— I’m sorry. Children ___ swim alone here.
A. Must; can’t B. May; must
C. Can; mustn’t D. Can’t; can
7. — Dad, must we wait until the light
becomes green
— Yes, I'm afraid we ______. That's
the traffic rule.
A. can B. may
C. have to D. need
8. Students in our school ______ know
shouting is not allowed in the library.
A. can B. may
C. must D. need
9. There are so many beautiful presents in the shop that I don’t know ________.
A. which one to choose
B. to choose which one
C. which to choose one
D. to choose one which
I like listening to music when ___________ ( do) my homework.
He wants to know when __________ ( go ) to Beijing .
I don’t know when he _________(come) , When he __________(come), I will tell you at once.
He wants to know where __________ (buy) this coat.
What ________(make) him feel so sad
doing
to go
will come
comes
to buy
made
6. What ________(buy) hasn’t been decided
7. The problem is what__________ (buy) as his birthday present .
8. Can you give me some advice about how ___________( relax) before exams
9. She didn’t tell me when __________ (meet) yesterday .
10. She wants to ask you how much fruit ___________ (need).
to buy
to buy
to relax
to meet
to need
2.I have no idea when _______ her the bad
news.
A. will tell B. telling C. tell D. to tell
3. Could you show us _____ a bike
A. how to mend B. what to mend
C. where to go D. how much to buy
4. Do you know ______ this kind of plant
A. which to find B. where to find
C. why to find D. what to find
5. The World Health Organization has
given some advice on ______ to protect
us from being (感染) with H7N9.
A. how B. what C. where D. when
5.Students should learn how to ______
problems.
A. solve B. solving
C. can solve D. to solve
6. I haven’t decided when _____ a holiday yet.
A. took B. taking C. to take D. take
7. I haven’t decided when _____ a holiday
yet.
A. took B. taking C. to take D. take
8. Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ my
car
A. how to stop B. where to park
C. where to stop D. when to park
9. The math problem is so hard. I really don’t
know ______.
A. how to do it B. how to do
C. what to do it
10. —Millie, could you give me some advice I don’t know _________.
—Why don’t you wear this red shirt
A. when to wear B. what to wear
C. how to wear D. where to wear
Someone has put away(收拾，整理)
the books. You ________do it.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. shouldn’t D. can’t
12. It’s the library. So you ______ know shouting is not allowed here.
A. can B. must C. need D. may
13. Can we discuss here No, you ______. You
will disturb other people.
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. don’t D. needn’t
14. ---Must I return the book today
---No, you _____.
A. don’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
15.— Do we have to finish our homework
this afternoon
— Yes, you ______.
A. must B. can C. may D. need
16. — This physics problem is too difficult.
Can you show me ______, Wang Lin
— Sure.
A. what to work it out B. what to work out it
C. how to work it out D. how to work out it
17.— Excuse me. Could you tell me ______
get to the nearest post office
— Sorry, I am new here.
A. how can I B. how I could
C. how to D. what I can
18.— ______ I swim here
— I’m sorry. Children ______ swim
alone here.
A. Must; can’t B. May; must
C. Can; mustn’t D. Can’t; can
19. — Dad, must we wait until the light
becomes green
— Yes, I'm afraid we ______. That's
the traffic rule.
A. can B. may
C. have to D. need
20. Students in our school ______ know
shouting is not allowed in the library.
A. can B. may
C. must D. need
9. — Dad, must we wait until the light
becomes green
— Yes, I'm afraid we ______. That's
the traffic rule. (2013河南)
A. can B. may
C. have to D. need
10. Students in our school ______ know
shouting is not allowed in the library.
(2013山东莱芜)
A. can B. may
C. must D. need
1、The young woman doesn’t know what to do.
那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。
2、I don’t know what to say.
我不知道说什么。
3、We must know how to operate the machine.
我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。
4、We want to learn how to write plays.
我们想要学习如何写剧本。
写一写
四、完成句子
我不知道该和谁交谈。
I don’t know __________________________.
2.你已经决定了如何处理这些旧衣服吗？
Have you decided
____________________________
3.我想知道明天去哪个城市？
I want to know ________________tomorrow
4.你知道怎么样做吗？
Do you know ____________________
who to talk to
what to do with the old clothes
which city to go to
how to do it
5. Have you decided _____________
____________ (怎样度假)
6. I don’t know ______________________
(在会上说什么).
7. Can you tell me ___________________
(在哪里能买到这本书)
how to spend
your holiday
what to say at the meeting
where to buy this book
8. Drivers ___________________ (必须系
安全带) while their cars are running on
the road.
9. — _____ (必须) I finish my homework
now
— No, ________________ (你没必要).
Your work is over today.
must wear seat belts
Must
you don't have to
·译林牛津版
二、 句型转换
I've known him since_he_was_10_years_old.(对画线
部分提问)
_______ _______ _______ you known him
2．His grandpa died two years ago. (改为同义句)
His grandpa _____ ______ _______ for two years.
3．I think the place has changed a lot. (改为否定句)
I _______ think the place ______ changed a lot.
4．Mr White taught in our school last year.(用since last
year替换last year)
Mr White ______ _________ in our school since last
year.
How
long
have
has
been
dead
don’t has
has taught
中考链接
Some books are to be tasted,
一些书可以浅尝即止；
others to be swallowed,
一些书可以狼吞虎咽；
and some few to be chewed and digested.
而有些书则需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化。
--- by Bacon
培根
1. Review the rules and finish the exercises.
2. Try to remember the forms of verbs’ past participle.
Homework:
