陕西省安康市、商洛市、榆林市2024届高三上学期第二次质量联考（期末）英语试卷(含解析)
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陕西省安康市、商洛市、榆林市2024届高三上学期第二次质量联考（期末）英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
There are some new inventions in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Let's have a look.
Invention 1: A system to identify Parkinson's disease
The system works by measuring a person's breathing patterns during sleep. The researchers noted that early signs of Parkinson's disease are not easy to discover. But the team said the experiments showed that with just one night of sleep, the AI system can correctly identify Parkinson's disease up to 86% of the time.
Invention 2: A tool to interpret pig emotions
The scientists developed an AI-driven algorithm to identify a series of emotions the pigs could be experiencing. The study centered on more than 7,000 audio recordings of pigs in different situations. The researchers said the tool can lead to further systems farmers can use to improve the productivity and well-being of their animals.
Invention 3: A system to identify and predict smells
The scientists built on past research to produce a brain-like technology model to create a “principal odor map” to identify molecules related to smells. The team said such a system can be used across many different fields, including the healthcare, food and fragrance industries, The researchers reported that the system can be used to help fight one of the world's biggest health problems--diseases spread through insects.
Invention 4: A tool to fill in missing words in ancient writings
The tool, called Ithaca, is designed to help historians repair the writings and identify when and where they were written. The team said that when historians worked on their own, the success rate for repairing damaged inscriptions was about 25%. But when humans teamed up with Ithaca to assist in their work, the success rate jumped to 72%.
1．Which invention can help farmers increase income
A. Invention 1. B. Invention 2. C. Invention 3. D.Invention 4.
2．What do invention 1 and invention 3 have in common
A. They are good for people's health.
B. They should be used during sleep.
C. They can cure people of many diseases.
D. They focus on the research on smells.
3．How does invention 4 help historians
A. By recovering their health. B. By improving their accuracy,
C. By identifying their writings. D. By stimulating their emotions.
Last year, there were 38 student members and a full-time teacher in the school band. But over the summer, the director took another job and the school board had no applicants for the vacant position.
“It was such a downer,” remembers Jadyn Lane. “But we were given a choice--we could sign up for other electives(选修课), or find a way to make the band work. ” Most students signed up for other electives, but 10 students decided to stay.
“It wasn't an option to quit,” says Hailey Fitzgerald. “I've been in the band for seven years. I love it! It's too important for too many reasons.” The students elected Hailey as director, a position she accepted on the condition they would all work together and share responsibilities. They recruited Casey Griffith and Jennifer Nail-Cook to be their official faculty advisors. Casey did the paperwork, and Jennifer helped with the music.
They directed themselves. Front and center on the band room whiteboard are a set of rules which they created themselves. In addition, they made a calendar (日历) of their upooming events, like football games. It included a daily countdown to each event so they'd be prepared.
Perhaps most importantly, they decided which instruments were necessary to make a band of this size work. Most of them were drummers. How could they play those instruments with the people they had “Several members switched instruments and some even learnt brand new ones," Hailey says.
The time came last month for their first public performance. It was a home football game against Richwood. They had no idea what to expect. Would it work Would the crowd cheer them on Would they cheer up the football team To their surprise, a group of students made posters for the band and hung them at the entrance to the football field. “We thought some people didn't even know we still had a band,” says Jadyn. But their classmates had been paying attention and wanted to make their first game special. And their school won.
4．What do the underlined words “a downer” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Something rewarding. B. Something demanding.
C. Something frightening. D. Something disappointing.
5．How did the members overcome the challenges
A. They redefined their roles. B. They sought help from parents.
C. They learnt to beat drums. D. They joined the football team.
6．What can be learnt about their first public performance
A. It drew little attention. B. It was a huge success.
C. It won lots of bonuses. D. It was a total mess.
7．Which word best describes the remaining members
A. Confident. B. Sensible. C. Devoted. D. Ambitious.
A new study reveals that trees can communicate and warn each other of danger. “For the first time, researchers have been able to visualize plant-to-plant communication,” said Masatsugu, senior author of the study.
The idea of talking trees started to take root in the 1980s. Two scientists found that damaged trees began producing chemicals that made their leaves unappetizing and indigestible to discourage insects. The trees then sent chemical signals to one another through the air. Over the past four decades, scientists have observed this cell-to-cell communication in more than 30 plant species.
Past research shows plants communicate with their surroundings by releasing chemicals known as volatile (易挥发的) organic compounds. One class of these compounds are released when a plant is injured: green leafy volatiles. These are released by, as the name suggests, pretty much every green plant with leaves, and are produced when a plant experiences physical damage. An example of these compounds is the smell released from fresh-cut grass.
In the new study, Masatsugu and his colleagues manually damaged leaves and placed insects on tomato plants to trigger the release of various green leafy volatiles. After testing many of them, the team found it seemed to increase calcium ions (钙离子) inside cells. The calcium signaling is like a switch to turn on the defense responses from the plants.
With this new understanding, researchers say plants could be immunized against threats and stressors before they even happen. For instance, exposing healthy plants to insect-ridden plants or the associated green leafy volatiles could boost their genetic defenses, so farmers use less pesticides. The revelation could also help make plants more resilient (有复原力的) during a drought, signaling the plants to conserve more water.
8．What does the new research find
A. Trees can inform other trees of potential threats.
B. Trees can make themselves attractive.
C. Trees will send signals first once damaged.
D. Trees will work together to trick insects.
9．What can be learnt about green leafy volatiles
A. They defend insects. B. They kill insects.
C. Some of them can be smelt. D. Some of them can be seen.
10．How was the study carried out by Masatsugu
A. By protecting trees from insects.
B. By classifying green leafy volatiles.
C. By increasing calcium ions inside cells.
D. By causing the release of certain chemicals.
11．What aspect of the new study does the last paragraph focus on
A. Its target. B. Its process.
C. Its application. D. Its background.
Renewable energy sources can help combat climate change, but dietary choices also play a significant role. Opting for plant-based diets or lab-grown food can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the food system. We highlight the potential of dietary changes and the importance of providing choices instead of mandates (命令).
Research shows that a global shift towards vegetarian(素食的) diets could cut emissions from food system by over half. Even small changes towards plant-based diets can have a meaningful impact. Substituting conventional food with lab-grown alternatives could prevent 1 degree of future warming. These findings demonstrate the power of dietary changes in addressing climate challenges.
Dietary choices are influenced by factors like culture, religion, and economics. It is unrealistic to expect everyone to become vegetarian immediately. Respecting individual choices is crucial in promoting sustainable diets. By offering information and raising awareness, individuals can make choices according to their needs and values while contributing to collective efforts.
Transforming industrial food production is necessary, but individual choices are still vital. Education and awareness campaigns can inform people about the environmental impact of different dietary choices and empower them to make informed bining individual actions with systematic changes can create a powerful force for human health and the planet, Rather than expecting immediate vegetarianism, acknowledging the impact of small changes is important. Gradual shifts towards more sustainable dietary choices, like reducing animal product consumption and increasing vegetable intake, can result in significant environmental benefits when multiplied across populations.
In conclusion, addressing climate change requires multiple approaches, with dietary choices playing a crucial role. Offering choices while recognizing the challenges associated with dietary shifts is essential. By combining personal dietary changes with broader efforts to reshape the food system, we can make substantial progress towards a healthier planet while respecting individual preferences.
12．Which is a dietary choice to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
A. Choosing plant-based diets,
B. Choosing renewable energy sources.
C. Giving the command for dietary changes.
D. Increasing consumption of processed food.
13．How does the author show the effects of dietary changes in paragraph 2
A. By answering questions. B.By listing a figure.
C. By analyzing the reasons. D.By using a quotation,
14．What's the author's attitude towards small dietary changes
A. Indifferent. B.Skeptical. C. Favorable. D. Objective.
15．What is the best title for the text
A. Small changes in life choices can make big impacts
B. Renewable energy sources can reduce gas emissions
C. Lab-grown nutritional food could prevent future warming
D. The power of dietary choices in fighting climate change
二、七选五
16．To bring a child to life, the mother goes through sleepless nights, uncomfortable mornings and excruciating (极痛苦的) birth pains. And the father supports the mother and takes care of the child like a superhero. ① _________ There are many ways in which you can convey your love to your friends and spouse. But how do you express your love and gratitude to your parents Here are some tips.
② _________ Parents never plan to have a bad relationship with their children. However, things can go wrong, especially since parenting is one of the toughest things to do. When you create positive thoughts about your parents, you will be more likely to respect and love them.
Make them your priority. You were your parents’ priority once and still are. Maybe your mother left her job to look after you or your father worked extra hours to ensure that you have better chances in life than he had. Since the day you were born, most of their decisions were based on you. ③ _________
Calm them down when they are angry. ④ _________ Even if you feel tense, try to restrain yourself and avoid saying bad words. With age, your parents may become capricious (反复无常的). Don’t pay attention to what they are saying if they are only speaking out of anger.
If you disagree with them, don’t be rude to them. You might not agree with many of your parents’ opinions, and you might be right. ⑤ _________ You can still hear them out and then make your own decisions. Good communication can bridge the generation gap between you and your parents.
A. Respect and be grateful to your parents.
B. Therefore, it’s time for you to return the favour.
C. Develop a positive attitude towards your parents.
D. They do all of these in the hope of a good life for their child.
E. But you should still ask their opinions before making a decision.
F. However, you don’t have to make a point by loudly disagreeing with them.
G. Be tolerant of your parents when they are in a bad mood and try not to upset them.
三、完形填空（20空）
In 1997, Ben Lyons, a 5th grader of Oak Ridge School in Sandwich, Massachusetts, sent a message in a bottle out at sea. He did so as part of a 1 project about ocean currents. In his letter, Ben 2 some questions for whoever might 3 his bottle. Questions from Ben 4 : Where did you find the bottle What are the conditions of the bottle “If you could, please 5 the questions and return to Ben,” the 5th grader 6 on a piece of paper. “Thank you. Ben Lyons from Oak Ridge School in Sandwich, Massachusetts.”
Over the course of decades, Ben’s 7 traveled 3,300 miles across the Atlantic Ocean. Now in his 30s, Ben 8 has a response to his message from a (n) 9 fisherman. Rather than replying with another 10 , the fisherman chose the safer and faster 11 a letter in the mail. He 12 it to Ben according to the message, leaving the school secretaries puzzled as they searched for this 13 5th grader. Finally, they had to open it to 14 why they weren’t going to find Ben at school anymore.
In the response, the retired fisherman 15 that he found the bottle on a beach in Les Sables-d’Olonne, France. He was walking around cleaning the 16 when he found the bottle and it was sealed so tight with wax (蜡) that he had a really 17 time opening it.
“It’s 18 that the kids can study the oceans and currents from this,” Ben said after being given the letter through the 19 of the school secretaries. “What a 20 way to connect with someone from the other side of the world!”！
17．A. society B. history C. science D. finance
18．A. revised B. posed C. answered D. collected
19．A. come across B. go through C. come up D. go about
20．A. organized B. centred C. included D. reported
21．A. fill out B. take in C. make up D. get through
22．A. painted B. whispered C. spoke D. wrote
23．A. possession B. will C. hope D. message
24．A. formally B. finally C. immediately D. curiously
25．A. rich B. wise C. retired D. experienced
26．A. partner B. style C. letter D. bottle
27．A. route B. content C. title D. topic
28．A. recommended B. brought C. addressed D. applied
29．A. intelligent B. mysterious C. powerful D. unique
30．A. doubt B. comment C. guide D. discover
31．A. explained B. imagined C. pretended D. remembered
32．A. current B. wax C. beach D. fish
33．A. usual B. good C. rare D. hard
34．A. pitiful B. strange C. great D. natural
35．A. effort B. lecture C. evidence D. principle
36．A. minor B. fun C. formal D. worthy
四、短文填空
37．Foster homes play ① _________ crucial role in providing a safe and nurturing environment for ② _________ (pet) awaiting adoption. According to a report, many pet shelters and rescue organizations require foster homes to accommodate homeless pets. Unfortunately, due ③ _________ a decline in volunteers, several pet shelters have had to shut down, ④ _________ (lead) to an increase in homeless pets. Meanwhile, more pets are being surrendered by owners ⑤ _________are either too ill to care for them or unable to afford their upkeep.
⑥ _________ (address) this issue, the Arizona Humane Society in Phoenix ⑦ _________ (introduce) a convenient drive-up service up to now. Volunteers interested in fostering pets can simply send a text upon arrival, and shelter staff will promptly bring the necessary paperwork to their car, promoting the foster process. ⑧ _________ (current), there are 345 pets from the shelter benefiting from foster care. However, the need for pet fosters persists nationwide. If you’re interested, don’t hesitate to contact a pet shelter ⑨ _________rescue organization near you. Welcoming a furry companion into your home is a ⑩ _________ (reward) experience, as pets bring immense joy and fulfillment to people’s lives.
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I preferred my English classes to be taught only in English, because it is helpful for us to improve an ability to speak and listen.
I have strong interested in English and foreign culture, so I'd like to be total absorbed in the atmosphere of English. I can quickly make a progress. However, since we are all English beginners, it's really hard understand the words which is difficult. They need mother language to understand sometime.
So my viewpoint is that we should use Chinese as a minor way to explain something which is difficult for students.
六、书面表达
39．假定你是李华，上周日，你参加了学校组织的学生进社区关怀老年人的志愿者活动。请你给外国朋友Tom写一封邮件，分享这次难忘的经历，内容包括：
1.活动主题和目的；
2.活动过程；
3.活动收获。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，第二个发明可以帮助农民提高农产品 的产量.所以可以间接地提高他们的收入。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第四段第二句可知,这两个发明都对人们 的健康有所帮助。
3．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句可知,历史学家通过利用这个发明,把对古代文字的修复率从原来的25%提高到了72%。
4．答案：D
解析：词义推测题。根据第一段可知,乐队的指导老师离开了,且该岗位无人申请,这对乐队来说是一件令人失望的事情。所以画线词意为“一件令人失望的事情”。
5．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知.乐队里的一些成员学习了全新的乐器，即他们重新定义了他们的角色,克服了困难。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,他们的第一次公开表演非常成功,这让他们感到很惊讶。
7．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知,乐队成员们克服了重重困难,最终在仅有10名成员的情况下仍旧组建了乐队,首演也获得了成功。由此可知,成员们对乐队很忠诚、投入。
8．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A new study reveals that trees can communicate and warn each other of danger.(一项新的研究表明，树木可以相互交流并发出危险警告)”可知，研究发现树木可以告知其他树木潜在的威胁。故选A项。
9．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“One class of these compounds are released when a plant is injured: green leafy volatiles. These are released by, as the name suggests, pretty much every green plant with leaves, and are produced when a plant experiences physical damage. An example of these compounds is the smell released from fresh-cut grass.(其中一类化合物是在植物受伤时释放出来的：绿叶挥发物。顾名思义，这些物质是由几乎每一种有叶子的绿色植物释放的，是在植物受到物理损伤时产生的。这些化合物的一个例子是新鲜割草释放出的气味)”可知，一些绿叶挥发物可以被闻到。故选C项。
10．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the new study, Masatsugu and his colleagues manually damaged leaves and placed insects on tomato plants to trigger the release of various green leafy volatiles. (在这项新的研究中，Masatsugu和他的同事手动损坏叶片，并将昆虫放在番茄植株上，以引发各种绿叶挥发物的释放)”可知，研究人员通过引发某些化学物质的释放来进行研究。故选D项。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“With this new understanding, researchers say plants could be immunized against threats and stressors before they even happen. For instance, exposing healthy plants to insect-ridden plants or the associated green leafy volatiles could boost their genetic defenses, so farmers use less pesticides. The revelation could also help make plants more resilient during a drought, signaling the plants to conserve more water.(研究人员表示，有了这一新的认识，植物甚至可以在威胁和压力发生之前就对其进行免疫。例如，将健康的植物暴露在昆虫肆虐的植物或相关的绿叶挥发物中，可以增强它们的基因防御能力，因此农民使用更少的杀虫剂。这一发现也可能有助于植物更能适应干旱，向植物发出信号以储存更多的水)”可知，本段主要讲述了这个新发现的应用。故选C项。
12．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,饮食选择的变化可以帮助减少温室气体的排放，
13．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,作者通过列数据来说明饮食选择的变化对环境产生的影响。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者对于为应对气候变化,人们改变饮食选择的态度是支持的。
15．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讨论了饮食选择的变化对环境产生的影响,指出即使是小的饮食选择的变化也会对环境产生大的影响。
16．答案：①-⑤DCBGF
解析：①根据上句“To bring a child to life, the mother goes through sleepless nights, uncomfortable mornings and excruciating (极痛苦的) birth pains. And the father supports the mother and takes care of the child like a superhero. (为了孕育一个孩子，母亲要熬过不眠之夜，熬过不舒服的早晨，熬过难以忍受的分娩阵痛。父亲像超级英雄一样照顾着母亲和孩子)”可知，设空处应对父母做出的努力进行总结，D项：They do all of these in the hope of a good life for their child.(他们做这一切都是希望他们的孩子能过上好日子)合乎题意。故选D。
②设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题， 设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据本段“Parents never plan to have a bad relationship with their children.(父母从不打算和他们的孩子有不好的关系)”可知，设空处应为应采用积极的态度对待父母。C项：Develop a positive attitude towards your parents.(培养对父母的积极态度)合乎题意。故选C。
③根据上句“Since the day you were born, most of their decisions were based on you.(从你出生的那一天起，他们的大多数决定都是基于你)”可知，父母大多数决定都是基于孩子，设空处应为回报父母，B项：Therefore, it’s time for you to return the favour(因此，现在是你回报的时候了)合乎题意。故选B。
④根据上句“Calm them down when they are angry.(当他们生气时，让他们冷静下来)”可知，设空处应为当父母生气的时候，应该怎么办，G项：Be tolerant of your parents when they are in a bad mood and try not to upset them.(当你的父母心情不好时，要宽容他们，尽量不要让他们难过)合乎题意。故选G。
⑤根据上句“You might not agree with many of your parents’ opinions, and you might be right.(你可能不同意你父母的许多观点，你可能是对的)”可知，设空处应为和父母的意见不一致时应该怎么办。F项：However, you don’t have to make a point by loudly disagreeing with them.(然而，你不必通过大声反对他们来表明你的观点)合乎题意。故选F。
17．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这样做是作为一个关于洋流的科学项目的一部分。A. society社会；B. history历史；C. science科学；D. finance金融。根据“project about ocean currents”可知，这是一个关于洋流的科学项目的一部分。故选C。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ben在信中向可能遇到他的瓶子的人提出了一些问题。A. revised修改，复习；B. posed引起，提出；C. answered回答；D. collected收集。Ben提出一些问题。故选B。
19．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. come across偶然遇见；B. go through经历；C. come up走近，出现；D. go about着手做。这些问题是向可能遇到Ben瓶子的人提出的。故选A。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ben的问题包括：你在哪里找到的瓶子？瓶子的状况如何？A. organized组织；B. centred居中；C. included包括；D. reported报告。根据“Where did you find the bottle What are the conditions of the bottle ”可知，这些是Ben的信中包括的问题。故选C。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位五年级的学生在一张纸上写道:“如果可以的话，请把问题填好，然后交还给Ben。”A. fill out填写；B. take in吸收；C. make up组成，编造；D. get through度过。Ben希望遇到瓶子的人能填写这些问题并回信。故选A。
22．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. painted把……描绘成；B. whispered低语；C. spoke说话；D. wrote写。根据上文“In his letter”可知，此处指Ben在信中写到。故选D。
23．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在几十年的时间里，Ben的信息跨越大西洋传播了3300英里。A. possession个人财产；B. will意志力；C. hope希望；D. message消息。根据上文“In 1997, Ben Lyons, a 5th grader of Oak Ridge School in Sandwich, Massachusetts, sent a message in a bottle out at sea.”可知，此处是信息词message的词汇复现。故选D。
24．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：如今30多岁的Ben终于收到了一位退休渔夫的回信。A. formally正式地；B. finally最终；C. immediately立刻；D. curiously好奇地。根据“Now in his 30s”可知，Ben在30岁的时候终于收到了回信。故选B。
25．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rich富有的；B. wise明智的；C. retired已退休的；D. experienced体验，经历。此处是信息词retired的词汇复现。故选C。
26．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：渔夫没有用另一个瓶子回信，而是选择了更安全、更快捷的邮寄方式。A. partner伙伴；B. style风格；C. letter信；D. bottle瓶子。根据上文“sent a message in a bottle out at sea.”可知，此处指渔夫没有用瓶子回信。故选D。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. route路线，途径；B. content内容；C. title标题；D. topic话题。根据“in the mail”可知，渔夫选择了邮寄的这个途径来回信。故选A。
28．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据留言，他把信寄给了Ben，这让学校的秘书们感到困惑，因为他们正在寻找这个神秘的五年级学生。A. recommended推荐；B. brought带来；C. addressed写（收信人）的姓名地址；D. applied申请，应用。根据“to Ben”可知，把信寄给了Ben。故选C。
29．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. intelligent聪明的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. powerful有影响力的；D. unique独特的。根据上文“In 1997, Ben Lyons, a 5th grader of Oak Ridge School in Sandwich,”可知，Ben是多年前的五年级学生，因此对于现在的学校工作人员来说，他是个神秘的五年级学生。故选B。
30．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们不得不打开它，发现为什么他们在学校再也找不到Ben了。A. doubt怀疑；B. comment评论；C. guide引导；D. discover发现。根据“Finally, they had to open it”可知，打开信之后发现了真相。故选D。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回复中，这位退休渔民解释说，他在法国Les Sables-d 'Olonne的一个海滩上发现了这个瓶子。A. explained解释；B. imagined想象；C. pretended假装；D. remembered记得。根据“that he found the bottle on a beach in Les Sables-d’Olonne, France.”可知，渔民解释了自己发现瓶子的地方。故选A。
32．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在清理海滩的时候发现了这个瓶子，瓶子被蜡封得太紧了，他很难打开它。A. current水流；B. wax石蜡；C. beach海滩；D. fish鱼。根据“he found the bottle on a beach”可知，此处是信息词beach的词汇复现。故选C。
33．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. usual通常的；B. good好的；C. rare罕见的；D. hard困难的。根据“when he found the bottle and it was sealed so tight with wax (蜡)”可知，瓶子很难打开。故选D。
34．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学校秘书的努力下，Ben收到了这封信，他说:“孩子们可以通过这封信来研究海洋和洋流，这太棒了。”A. pitiful令人同情的；B. strange奇怪的；C. great伟大的；D. natural自然的。根据“the kids can study the oceans and currents from this,”可知，Ben觉得孩子们可以通过这封信来研究海洋和洋流，是很棒的事。故选C。
35．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. effort努力；B. lecture演讲；C. evidence证据；D. principle原则。根据“Now in his 30s”可知，Ben已经不再是以前那个五年级的学生，而是一个成年人了，因此秘书找到他花费了很多努力。故选A。
36．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“与世界另一端的人交流是多么有趣的方式啊！”!A. minor较小的；B. fun有趣的；C. formal正式的；D. worthy值得的。多年后，收到一封来自陌生人的回信，作者认为这种交流方式很有趣。故选B。
37．答案：①a②pets③to④leading⑤who/that⑥To address⑦has introduced⑧Curently⑨or⑩rawarding
解析：①考查冠词。句意：寄养家庭在为等待收养的宠物提供安全和养育环境方面发挥着至关重要的作用。play a(n)...role in...意为“在……方面发挥……的作用”，为固定搭配，且空后的crucial发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
②考查名词的数。句意参考上题。pet为可数名词，其前没有任何限定词修饰，所以应用名词复数。故填pets。
③考查介词。句意：不幸的是，由于志愿者人数的减少，一些宠物收容所不得不关闭，导致无家可归的宠物数量增加。due to是固定搭配，意为“由于”。故填to。
④考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意，一些收容所关闭导致无家可归的宠物数量增加，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填leading。
⑤考查定语从句。句意：与此同时，越来越多的宠物被主人遗弃，他们要么病得太重，无法照顾它们，要么无力负担宠物的抚养费。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，指代指人的先行词owners，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用who或that引导。故填who/that。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这个问题，位于凤凰城的亚利桑那州人道协会目前已经推出了一种方便的专为驾车者设计的服务。根据句意，此处应用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。故填To address。
⑦考查时态和主谓一致。句意参考上题。根据时间状语up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语为the Arizona Humane Society，所以谓语应用单数。故填has introduced。
⑧考查副词。句意：目前，收容所有345只宠物受益于寄养。此处应用副词修饰后面的整个句子，作状语。currently意为“目前”。故填Currently。
⑨考查连词。句意：如果你感兴趣，请毫不犹豫地联系附近的宠物收容所或救援组织。根据句意可知，此处表并列，且因为是否定句，所以应用or。故填or。
⑩考查形容词。句意：欢迎毛茸茸的伴侣到家里是一种有益的体验，因为宠物给人们的生活带来了巨大的欢乐和满足感。此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词experience。rewarding意为“有益的，值得做的”。故填rewarding。
38．答案：
I my English classes to be taught only in English, because it is helpful for us to improve ability to speak and listen.
I have strong in English and foreign culture, so I'd like to be absorbed in the atmosphere of English. I can quickly make progress. However, since we are all English beginners, it's really hard understand the words which difficult. need mother language to understand .
So my viewpoint is that we should use Chinese as a minor way to explain something is difficult for students.
解析：1. 考查时态。根据全文的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时。
2.考查冠词。此处表特指,意为“提高说和听的能力”。
3. 考查名词。have interest in 是常用搭配,意为“对……有兴趣”。
4. 考查副词。此处应用副词 totally修饰后面的动词absorbed。
5.考查冠词。make progress是固定搭配,意为“取得进步、进展”。
6.考查非谓语动词。It is +adj.+to do sth是常用句型.意为“做某事怎么样”。
7.考查主谓一致。定语从句的主语是 which,指代先行词words,所以从句的谓语动词应用复数形式。
8.考查人称代词。根据句意可知,此处应用We。
9. 考查副词。sometime指将来的某个时间，sometimes指有时候。根据句意可知,此处应用sometimes。
10.考查关系代词。先行词是不定代词something,所以定语从句的主语应用that。
39．答案：One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I want to share a memorable experience from last Sunday’s volunteer activity organized by our school. We visited a local nursing home, aiming to show concern and support to the elderly in our community.
We engaged in conversations with the friendly and welcoming residents, listening to their stories and wisdom. We provided services like accompanying them for walks, helping tidy up their rooms, and participating in music and dance activities.
I was assigned to interact with a lovely lady named Mary. We talked about her family and dreams when she was younger. It was an honor to provide companionship and care.
This activity taught me the importance of caring for the elderly. Engaging with them brings them joy and teaches us valuable life lessons.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
想要做某事：want to do sth.→would like to do sth.
帮助：help→assist
重要：importance→significance
快乐：joy→happiness
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I want to share a memorable experience from last Sunday’s volunteer activity organized by our school.
拓展句：I want to share a memorable experience from last Sunday’s volunteer activity which was organized by our school.
【高分句型1】We visited a local nursing home, aiming to show concern and support to the elderly in our community.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】We talked about her family and dreams when she was younger.（运用了when引导时间状语从句）
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
There are some new inventions in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Let's have a look.
Invention 1: A system to identify Parkinson's disease
The system works by measuring a person's breathing patterns during sleep. The researchers noted that early signs of Parkinson's disease are not easy to discover. But the team said the experiments showed that with just one night of sleep, the AI system can correctly identify Parkinson's disease up to 86% of the time.
Invention 2: A tool to interpret pig emotions
The scientists developed an AI-driven algorithm to identify a series of emotions the pigs could be experiencing. The study centered on more than 7,000 audio recordings of pigs in different situations. The researchers said the tool can lead to further systems farmers can use to improve the productivity and well-being of their animals.
Invention 3: A system to identify and predict smells
The scientists built on past research to produce a brain-like technology model to create a “principal odor map” to identify molecules related to smells. The team said such a system can be used across many different fields, including the healthcare, food and fragrance industries, The researchers reported that the system can be used to help fight one of the world's biggest health problems--diseases spread through insects.
Invention 4: A tool to fill in missing words in ancient writings
The tool, called Ithaca, is designed to help historians repair the writings and identify when and where they were written. The team said that when historians worked on their own, the success rate for repairing damaged inscriptions was about 25%. But when humans teamed up with Ithaca to assist in their work, the success rate jumped to 72%.
1．Which invention can help farmers increase income
A. Invention 1. B. Invention 2. C. Invention 3. D.Invention 4.
2．What do invention 1 and invention 3 have in common
A. They are good for people's health.
B. They should be used during sleep.
C. They can cure people of many diseases.
D. They focus on the research on smells.
3．How does invention 4 help historians
A. By recovering their health. B. By improving their accuracy,
C. By identifying their writings. D. By stimulating their emotions.
Last year, there were 38 student members and a full-time teacher in the school band. But over the summer, the director took another job and the school board had no applicants for the vacant position.
“It was such a downer,” remembers Jadyn Lane. “But we were given a choice--we could sign up for other electives(选修课), or find a way to make the band work. ” Most students signed up for other electives, but 10 students decided to stay.
“It wasn't an option to quit,” says Hailey Fitzgerald. “I've been in the band for seven years. I love it! It's too important for too many reasons.” The students elected Hailey as director, a position she accepted on the condition they would all work together and share responsibilities. They recruited Casey Griffith and Jennifer Nail-Cook to be their official faculty advisors. Casey did the paperwork, and Jennifer helped with the music.
They directed themselves. Front and center on the band room whiteboard are a set of rules which they created themselves. In addition, they made a calendar (日历) of their upooming events, like football games. It included a daily countdown to each event so they'd be prepared.
Perhaps most importantly, they decided which instruments were necessary to make a band of this size work. Most of them were drummers. How could they play those instruments with the people they had “Several members switched instruments and some even learnt brand new ones," Hailey says.
The time came last month for their first public performance. It was a home football game against Richwood. They had no idea what to expect. Would it work Would the crowd cheer them on Would they cheer up the football team To their surprise, a group of students made posters for the band and hung them at the entrance to the football field. “We thought some people didn't even know we still had a band,” says Jadyn. But their classmates had been paying attention and wanted to make their first game special. And their school won.
4．What do the underlined words “a downer” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Something rewarding. B. Something demanding.
C. Something frightening. D. Something disappointing.
5．How did the members overcome the challenges
A. They redefined their roles. B. They sought help from parents.
C. They learnt to beat drums. D. They joined the football team.
6．What can be learnt about their first public performance
A. It drew little attention. B. It was a huge success.
C. It won lots of bonuses. D. It was a total mess.
7．Which word best describes the remaining members
A. Confident. B. Sensible. C. Devoted. D. Ambitious.
A new study reveals that trees can communicate and warn each other of danger. “For the first time, researchers have been able to visualize plant-to-plant communication,” said Masatsugu, senior author of the study.
The idea of talking trees started to take root in the 1980s. Two scientists found that damaged trees began producing chemicals that made their leaves unappetizing and indigestible to discourage insects. The trees then sent chemical signals to one another through the air. Over the past four decades, scientists have observed this cell-to-cell communication in more than 30 plant species.
Past research shows plants communicate with their surroundings by releasing chemicals known as volatile (易挥发的) organic compounds. One class of these compounds are released when a plant is injured: green leafy volatiles. These are released by, as the name suggests, pretty much every green plant with leaves, and are produced when a plant experiences physical damage. An example of these compounds is the smell released from fresh-cut grass.
In the new study, Masatsugu and his colleagues manually damaged leaves and placed insects on tomato plants to trigger the release of various green leafy volatiles. After testing many of them, the team found it seemed to increase calcium ions (钙离子) inside cells. The calcium signaling is like a switch to turn on the defense responses from the plants.
With this new understanding, researchers say plants could be immunized against threats and stressors before they even happen. For instance, exposing healthy plants to insect-ridden plants or the associated green leafy volatiles could boost their genetic defenses, so farmers use less pesticides. The revelation could also help make plants more resilient (有复原力的) during a drought, signaling the plants to conserve more water.
8．What does the new research find
A. Trees can inform other trees of potential threats.
B. Trees can make themselves attractive.
C. Trees will send signals first once damaged.
D. Trees will work together to trick insects.
9．What can be learnt about green leafy volatiles
A. They defend insects. B. They kill insects.
C. Some of them can be smelt. D. Some of them can be seen.
10．How was the study carried out by Masatsugu
A. By protecting trees from insects.
B. By classifying green leafy volatiles.
C. By increasing calcium ions inside cells.
D. By causing the release of certain chemicals.
11．What aspect of the new study does the last paragraph focus on
A. Its target. B. Its process.
C. Its application. D. Its background.
Renewable energy sources can help combat climate change, but dietary choices also play a significant role. Opting for plant-based diets or lab-grown food can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the food system. We highlight the potential of dietary changes and the importance of providing choices instead of mandates (命令).
Research shows that a global shift towards vegetarian(素食的) diets could cut emissions from food system by over half. Even small changes towards plant-based diets can have a meaningful impact. Substituting conventional food with lab-grown alternatives could prevent 1 degree of future warming. These findings demonstrate the power of dietary changes in addressing climate challenges.
Dietary choices are influenced by factors like culture, religion, and economics. It is unrealistic to expect everyone to become vegetarian immediately. Respecting individual choices is crucial in promoting sustainable diets. By offering information and raising awareness, individuals can make choices according to their needs and values while contributing to collective efforts.
Transforming industrial food production is necessary, but individual choices are still vital. Education and awareness campaigns can inform people about the environmental impact of different dietary choices and empower them to make informed bining individual actions with systematic changes can create a powerful force for human health and the planet, Rather than expecting immediate vegetarianism, acknowledging the impact of small changes is important. Gradual shifts towards more sustainable dietary choices, like reducing animal product consumption and increasing vegetable intake, can result in significant environmental benefits when multiplied across populations.
In conclusion, addressing climate change requires multiple approaches, with dietary choices playing a crucial role. Offering choices while recognizing the challenges associated with dietary shifts is essential. By combining personal dietary changes with broader efforts to reshape the food system, we can make substantial progress towards a healthier planet while respecting individual preferences.
12．Which is a dietary choice to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
A. Choosing plant-based diets,
B. Choosing renewable energy sources.
C. Giving the command for dietary changes.
D. Increasing consumption of processed food.
13．How does the author show the effects of dietary changes in paragraph 2
A. By answering questions. B.By listing a figure.
C. By analyzing the reasons. D.By using a quotation,
14．What's the author's attitude towards small dietary changes
A. Indifferent. B.Skeptical. C. Favorable. D. Objective.
15．What is the best title for the text
A. Small changes in life choices can make big impacts
B. Renewable energy sources can reduce gas emissions
C. Lab-grown nutritional food could prevent future warming
D. The power of dietary choices in fighting climate change
二、七选五
16．To bring a child to life, the mother goes through sleepless nights, uncomfortable mornings and excruciating (极痛苦的) birth pains. And the father supports the mother and takes care of the child like a superhero. ① _________ There are many ways in which you can convey your love to your friends and spouse. But how do you express your love and gratitude to your parents Here are some tips.
② _________ Parents never plan to have a bad relationship with their children. However, things can go wrong, especially since parenting is one of the toughest things to do. When you create positive thoughts about your parents, you will be more likely to respect and love them.
Make them your priority. You were your parents’ priority once and still are. Maybe your mother left her job to look after you or your father worked extra hours to ensure that you have better chances in life than he had. Since the day you were born, most of their decisions were based on you. ③ _________
Calm them down when they are angry. ④ _________ Even if you feel tense, try to restrain yourself and avoid saying bad words. With age, your parents may become capricious (反复无常的). Don’t pay attention to what they are saying if they are only speaking out of anger.
If you disagree with them, don’t be rude to them. You might not agree with many of your parents’ opinions, and you might be right. ⑤ _________ You can still hear them out and then make your own decisions. Good communication can bridge the generation gap between you and your parents.
A. Respect and be grateful to your parents.
B. Therefore, it’s time for you to return the favour.
C. Develop a positive attitude towards your parents.
D. They do all of these in the hope of a good life for their child.
E. But you should still ask their opinions before making a decision.
F. However, you don’t have to make a point by loudly disagreeing with them.
G. Be tolerant of your parents when they are in a bad mood and try not to upset them.
三、完形填空（20空）
In 1997, Ben Lyons, a 5th grader of Oak Ridge School in Sandwich, Massachusetts, sent a message in a bottle out at sea. He did so as part of a 1 project about ocean currents. In his letter, Ben 2 some questions for whoever might 3 his bottle. Questions from Ben 4 : Where did you find the bottle What are the conditions of the bottle “If you could, please 5 the questions and return to Ben,” the 5th grader 6 on a piece of paper. “Thank you. Ben Lyons from Oak Ridge School in Sandwich, Massachusetts.”
Over the course of decades, Ben’s 7 traveled 3,300 miles across the Atlantic Ocean. Now in his 30s, Ben 8 has a response to his message from a (n) 9 fisherman. Rather than replying with another 10 , the fisherman chose the safer and faster 11 a letter in the mail. He 12 it to Ben according to the message, leaving the school secretaries puzzled as they searched for this 13 5th grader. Finally, they had to open it to 14 why they weren’t going to find Ben at school anymore.
In the response, the retired fisherman 15 that he found the bottle on a beach in Les Sables-d’Olonne, France. He was walking around cleaning the 16 when he found the bottle and it was sealed so tight with wax (蜡) that he had a really 17 time opening it.
“It’s 18 that the kids can study the oceans and currents from this,” Ben said after being given the letter through the 19 of the school secretaries. “What a 20 way to connect with someone from the other side of the world!”！
17．A. society B. history C. science D. finance
18．A. revised B. posed C. answered D. collected
19．A. come across B. go through C. come up D. go about
20．A. organized B. centred C. included D. reported
21．A. fill out B. take in C. make up D. get through
22．A. painted B. whispered C. spoke D. wrote
23．A. possession B. will C. hope D. message
24．A. formally B. finally C. immediately D. curiously
25．A. rich B. wise C. retired D. experienced
26．A. partner B. style C. letter D. bottle
27．A. route B. content C. title D. topic
28．A. recommended B. brought C. addressed D. applied
29．A. intelligent B. mysterious C. powerful D. unique
30．A. doubt B. comment C. guide D. discover
31．A. explained B. imagined C. pretended D. remembered
32．A. current B. wax C. beach D. fish
33．A. usual B. good C. rare D. hard
34．A. pitiful B. strange C. great D. natural
35．A. effort B. lecture C. evidence D. principle
36．A. minor B. fun C. formal D. worthy
四、短文填空
37．Foster homes play ① _________ crucial role in providing a safe and nurturing environment for ② _________ (pet) awaiting adoption. According to a report, many pet shelters and rescue organizations require foster homes to accommodate homeless pets. Unfortunately, due ③ _________ a decline in volunteers, several pet shelters have had to shut down, ④ _________ (lead) to an increase in homeless pets. Meanwhile, more pets are being surrendered by owners ⑤ _________are either too ill to care for them or unable to afford their upkeep.
⑥ _________ (address) this issue, the Arizona Humane Society in Phoenix ⑦ _________ (introduce) a convenient drive-up service up to now. Volunteers interested in fostering pets can simply send a text upon arrival, and shelter staff will promptly bring the necessary paperwork to their car, promoting the foster process. ⑧ _________ (current), there are 345 pets from the shelter benefiting from foster care. However, the need for pet fosters persists nationwide. If you’re interested, don’t hesitate to contact a pet shelter ⑨ _________rescue organization near you. Welcoming a furry companion into your home is a ⑩ _________ (reward) experience, as pets bring immense joy and fulfillment to people’s lives.
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I preferred my English classes to be taught only in English, because it is helpful for us to improve an ability to speak and listen.
I have strong interested in English and foreign culture, so I'd like to be total absorbed in the atmosphere of English. I can quickly make a progress. However, since we are all English beginners, it's really hard understand the words which is difficult. They need mother language to understand sometime.
So my viewpoint is that we should use Chinese as a minor way to explain something which is difficult for students.
六、书面表达
39．假定你是李华，上周日，你参加了学校组织的学生进社区关怀老年人的志愿者活动。请你给外国朋友Tom写一封邮件，分享这次难忘的经历，内容包括：
1.活动主题和目的；
2.活动过程；
3.活动收获。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，第二个发明可以帮助农民提高农产品 的产量.所以可以间接地提高他们的收入。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第四段第二句可知,这两个发明都对人们 的健康有所帮助。
3．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句可知,历史学家通过利用这个发明,把对古代文字的修复率从原来的25%提高到了72%。
4．答案：D
解析：词义推测题。根据第一段可知,乐队的指导老师离开了,且该岗位无人申请,这对乐队来说是一件令人失望的事情。所以画线词意为“一件令人失望的事情”。
5．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知.乐队里的一些成员学习了全新的乐器，即他们重新定义了他们的角色,克服了困难。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,他们的第一次公开表演非常成功,这让他们感到很惊讶。
7．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知,乐队成员们克服了重重困难,最终在仅有10名成员的情况下仍旧组建了乐队,首演也获得了成功。由此可知,成员们对乐队很忠诚、投入。
8．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A new study reveals that trees can communicate and warn each other of danger.(一项新的研究表明，树木可以相互交流并发出危险警告)”可知，研究发现树木可以告知其他树木潜在的威胁。故选A项。
9．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“One class of these compounds are released when a plant is injured: green leafy volatiles. These are released by, as the name suggests, pretty much every green plant with leaves, and are produced when a plant experiences physical damage. An example of these compounds is the smell released from fresh-cut grass.(其中一类化合物是在植物受伤时释放出来的：绿叶挥发物。顾名思义，这些物质是由几乎每一种有叶子的绿色植物释放的，是在植物受到物理损伤时产生的。这些化合物的一个例子是新鲜割草释放出的气味)”可知，一些绿叶挥发物可以被闻到。故选C项。
10．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the new study, Masatsugu and his colleagues manually damaged leaves and placed insects on tomato plants to trigger the release of various green leafy volatiles. (在这项新的研究中，Masatsugu和他的同事手动损坏叶片，并将昆虫放在番茄植株上，以引发各种绿叶挥发物的释放)”可知，研究人员通过引发某些化学物质的释放来进行研究。故选D项。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“With this new understanding, researchers say plants could be immunized against threats and stressors before they even happen. For instance, exposing healthy plants to insect-ridden plants or the associated green leafy volatiles could boost their genetic defenses, so farmers use less pesticides. The revelation could also help make plants more resilient during a drought, signaling the plants to conserve more water.(研究人员表示，有了这一新的认识，植物甚至可以在威胁和压力发生之前就对其进行免疫。例如，将健康的植物暴露在昆虫肆虐的植物或相关的绿叶挥发物中，可以增强它们的基因防御能力，因此农民使用更少的杀虫剂。这一发现也可能有助于植物更能适应干旱，向植物发出信号以储存更多的水)”可知，本段主要讲述了这个新发现的应用。故选C项。
12．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,饮食选择的变化可以帮助减少温室气体的排放，
13．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,作者通过列数据来说明饮食选择的变化对环境产生的影响。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者对于为应对气候变化,人们改变饮食选择的态度是支持的。
15．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讨论了饮食选择的变化对环境产生的影响,指出即使是小的饮食选择的变化也会对环境产生大的影响。
16．答案：①-⑤DCBGF
解析：①根据上句“To bring a child to life, the mother goes through sleepless nights, uncomfortable mornings and excruciating (极痛苦的) birth pains. And the father supports the mother and takes care of the child like a superhero. (为了孕育一个孩子，母亲要熬过不眠之夜，熬过不舒服的早晨，熬过难以忍受的分娩阵痛。父亲像超级英雄一样照顾着母亲和孩子)”可知，设空处应对父母做出的努力进行总结，D项：They do all of these in the hope of a good life for their child.(他们做这一切都是希望他们的孩子能过上好日子)合乎题意。故选D。
②设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题， 设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据本段“Parents never plan to have a bad relationship with their children.(父母从不打算和他们的孩子有不好的关系)”可知，设空处应为应采用积极的态度对待父母。C项：Develop a positive attitude towards your parents.(培养对父母的积极态度)合乎题意。故选C。
③根据上句“Since the day you were born, most of their decisions were based on you.(从你出生的那一天起，他们的大多数决定都是基于你)”可知，父母大多数决定都是基于孩子，设空处应为回报父母，B项：Therefore, it’s time for you to return the favour(因此，现在是你回报的时候了)合乎题意。故选B。
④根据上句“Calm them down when they are angry.(当他们生气时，让他们冷静下来)”可知，设空处应为当父母生气的时候，应该怎么办，G项：Be tolerant of your parents when they are in a bad mood and try not to upset them.(当你的父母心情不好时，要宽容他们，尽量不要让他们难过)合乎题意。故选G。
⑤根据上句“You might not agree with many of your parents’ opinions, and you might be right.(你可能不同意你父母的许多观点，你可能是对的)”可知，设空处应为和父母的意见不一致时应该怎么办。F项：However, you don’t have to make a point by loudly disagreeing with them.(然而，你不必通过大声反对他们来表明你的观点)合乎题意。故选F。
17．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这样做是作为一个关于洋流的科学项目的一部分。A. society社会；B. history历史；C. science科学；D. finance金融。根据“project about ocean currents”可知，这是一个关于洋流的科学项目的一部分。故选C。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ben在信中向可能遇到他的瓶子的人提出了一些问题。A. revised修改，复习；B. posed引起，提出；C. answered回答；D. collected收集。Ben提出一些问题。故选B。
19．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. come across偶然遇见；B. go through经历；C. come up走近，出现；D. go about着手做。这些问题是向可能遇到Ben瓶子的人提出的。故选A。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ben的问题包括：你在哪里找到的瓶子？瓶子的状况如何？A. organized组织；B. centred居中；C. included包括；D. reported报告。根据“Where did you find the bottle What are the conditions of the bottle ”可知，这些是Ben的信中包括的问题。故选C。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位五年级的学生在一张纸上写道:“如果可以的话，请把问题填好，然后交还给Ben。”A. fill out填写；B. take in吸收；C. make up组成，编造；D. get through度过。Ben希望遇到瓶子的人能填写这些问题并回信。故选A。
22．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. painted把……描绘成；B. whispered低语；C. spoke说话；D. wrote写。根据上文“In his letter”可知，此处指Ben在信中写到。故选D。
23．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在几十年的时间里，Ben的信息跨越大西洋传播了3300英里。A. possession个人财产；B. will意志力；C. hope希望；D. message消息。根据上文“In 1997, Ben Lyons, a 5th grader of Oak Ridge School in Sandwich, Massachusetts, sent a message in a bottle out at sea.”可知，此处是信息词message的词汇复现。故选D。
24．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：如今30多岁的Ben终于收到了一位退休渔夫的回信。A. formally正式地；B. finally最终；C. immediately立刻；D. curiously好奇地。根据“Now in his 30s”可知，Ben在30岁的时候终于收到了回信。故选B。
25．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rich富有的；B. wise明智的；C. retired已退休的；D. experienced体验，经历。此处是信息词retired的词汇复现。故选C。
26．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：渔夫没有用另一个瓶子回信，而是选择了更安全、更快捷的邮寄方式。A. partner伙伴；B. style风格；C. letter信；D. bottle瓶子。根据上文“sent a message in a bottle out at sea.”可知，此处指渔夫没有用瓶子回信。故选D。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. route路线，途径；B. content内容；C. title标题；D. topic话题。根据“in the mail”可知，渔夫选择了邮寄的这个途径来回信。故选A。
28．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据留言，他把信寄给了Ben，这让学校的秘书们感到困惑，因为他们正在寻找这个神秘的五年级学生。A. recommended推荐；B. brought带来；C. addressed写（收信人）的姓名地址；D. applied申请，应用。根据“to Ben”可知，把信寄给了Ben。故选C。
29．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. intelligent聪明的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. powerful有影响力的；D. unique独特的。根据上文“In 1997, Ben Lyons, a 5th grader of Oak Ridge School in Sandwich,”可知，Ben是多年前的五年级学生，因此对于现在的学校工作人员来说，他是个神秘的五年级学生。故选B。
30．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们不得不打开它，发现为什么他们在学校再也找不到Ben了。A. doubt怀疑；B. comment评论；C. guide引导；D. discover发现。根据“Finally, they had to open it”可知，打开信之后发现了真相。故选D。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回复中，这位退休渔民解释说，他在法国Les Sables-d 'Olonne的一个海滩上发现了这个瓶子。A. explained解释；B. imagined想象；C. pretended假装；D. remembered记得。根据“that he found the bottle on a beach in Les Sables-d’Olonne, France.”可知，渔民解释了自己发现瓶子的地方。故选A。
32．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在清理海滩的时候发现了这个瓶子，瓶子被蜡封得太紧了，他很难打开它。A. current水流；B. wax石蜡；C. beach海滩；D. fish鱼。根据“he found the bottle on a beach”可知，此处是信息词beach的词汇复现。故选C。
33．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. usual通常的；B. good好的；C. rare罕见的；D. hard困难的。根据“when he found the bottle and it was sealed so tight with wax (蜡)”可知，瓶子很难打开。故选D。
34．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学校秘书的努力下，Ben收到了这封信，他说:“孩子们可以通过这封信来研究海洋和洋流，这太棒了。”A. pitiful令人同情的；B. strange奇怪的；C. great伟大的；D. natural自然的。根据“the kids can study the oceans and currents from this,”可知，Ben觉得孩子们可以通过这封信来研究海洋和洋流，是很棒的事。故选C。
35．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. effort努力；B. lecture演讲；C. evidence证据；D. principle原则。根据“Now in his 30s”可知，Ben已经不再是以前那个五年级的学生，而是一个成年人了，因此秘书找到他花费了很多努力。故选A。
36．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“与世界另一端的人交流是多么有趣的方式啊！”!A. minor较小的；B. fun有趣的；C. formal正式的；D. worthy值得的。多年后，收到一封来自陌生人的回信，作者认为这种交流方式很有趣。故选B。
37．答案：①a②pets③to④leading⑤who/that⑥To address⑦has introduced⑧Curently⑨or⑩rawarding
解析：①考查冠词。句意：寄养家庭在为等待收养的宠物提供安全和养育环境方面发挥着至关重要的作用。play a(n)...role in...意为“在……方面发挥……的作用”，为固定搭配，且空后的crucial发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
②考查名词的数。句意参考上题。pet为可数名词，其前没有任何限定词修饰，所以应用名词复数。故填pets。
③考查介词。句意：不幸的是，由于志愿者人数的减少，一些宠物收容所不得不关闭，导致无家可归的宠物数量增加。due to是固定搭配，意为“由于”。故填to。
④考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意，一些收容所关闭导致无家可归的宠物数量增加，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填leading。
⑤考查定语从句。句意：与此同时，越来越多的宠物被主人遗弃，他们要么病得太重，无法照顾它们，要么无力负担宠物的抚养费。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，指代指人的先行词owners，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用who或that引导。故填who/that。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这个问题，位于凤凰城的亚利桑那州人道协会目前已经推出了一种方便的专为驾车者设计的服务。根据句意，此处应用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。故填To address。
⑦考查时态和主谓一致。句意参考上题。根据时间状语up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语为the Arizona Humane Society，所以谓语应用单数。故填has introduced。
⑧考查副词。句意：目前，收容所有345只宠物受益于寄养。此处应用副词修饰后面的整个句子，作状语。currently意为“目前”。故填Currently。
⑨考查连词。句意：如果你感兴趣，请毫不犹豫地联系附近的宠物收容所或救援组织。根据句意可知，此处表并列，且因为是否定句，所以应用or。故填or。
⑩考查形容词。句意：欢迎毛茸茸的伴侣到家里是一种有益的体验，因为宠物给人们的生活带来了巨大的欢乐和满足感。此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词experience。rewarding意为“有益的，值得做的”。故填rewarding。
38．答案：
I my English classes to be taught only in English, because it is helpful for us to improve ability to speak and listen.
I have strong in English and foreign culture, so I'd like to be absorbed in the atmosphere of English. I can quickly make progress. However, since we are all English beginners, it's really hard understand the words which difficult. need mother language to understand .
So my viewpoint is that we should use Chinese as a minor way to explain something is difficult for students.
解析：1. 考查时态。根据全文的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时。
2.考查冠词。此处表特指,意为“提高说和听的能力”。
3. 考查名词。have interest in 是常用搭配,意为“对……有兴趣”。
4. 考查副词。此处应用副词 totally修饰后面的动词absorbed。
5.考查冠词。make progress是固定搭配,意为“取得进步、进展”。
6.考查非谓语动词。It is +adj.+to do sth是常用句型.意为“做某事怎么样”。
7.考查主谓一致。定语从句的主语是 which,指代先行词words,所以从句的谓语动词应用复数形式。
8.考查人称代词。根据句意可知,此处应用We。
9. 考查副词。sometime指将来的某个时间，sometimes指有时候。根据句意可知,此处应用sometimes。
10.考查关系代词。先行词是不定代词something,所以定语从句的主语应用that。
39．答案：One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I want to share a memorable experience from last Sunday’s volunteer activity organized by our school. We visited a local nursing home, aiming to show concern and support to the elderly in our community.
We engaged in conversations with the friendly and welcoming residents, listening to their stories and wisdom. We provided services like accompanying them for walks, helping tidy up their rooms, and participating in music and dance activities.
I was assigned to interact with a lovely lady named Mary. We talked about her family and dreams when she was younger. It was an honor to provide companionship and care.
This activity taught me the importance of caring for the elderly. Engaging with them brings them joy and teaches us valuable life lessons.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
想要做某事：want to do sth.→would like to do sth.
帮助：help→assist
重要：importance→significance
快乐：joy→happiness
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I want to share a memorable experience from last Sunday’s volunteer activity organized by our school.
拓展句：I want to share a memorable experience from last Sunday’s volunteer activity which was organized by our school.
【高分句型1】We visited a local nursing home, aiming to show concern and support to the elderly in our community.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】We talked about her family and dreams when she was younger.（运用了when引导时间状语从句）
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