河南省2024年英语中考热点备考重难专题：一材多题型精讲（阅读理解D、阅读理解—说明文、作文）(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
河南 英语
一材多题型精讲
2024中考备考重难专题课件
课件思路简介
一、设计初衷：《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》提到“充分认识语篇在传递文化意涵，引领价值取向，促进思维发展，服务语言学习、意义理解与表达等方面的重要作用。” 基于此，特优选高质量语篇，改编成不同题型，使老师在讲解不同的阅读任务时，帮助学生多层次、多角度地理解语篇，进而提高学生的阅读理解能力。
二、思路亮点：
1. 采用精讲一材多题型的整体思路，即：把同一个语篇素材改编成3个不同的题型，以便多维度提升学生的阅读理解能力及写作水平；
2. 结合2022全国创新考法，以“问题链”的形式研读语篇，方便老师精准透彻地讲解语篇；
3. 站在学生的角度，动态可视化解题思路，培养学生的解题思维。
三、适用场景：日常题型讲解或题型专项集训
一材多题型精讲
语篇研读
阅读理解—说明文
1
阅读理解D
2
3
作文缩写
4
01 阅读理解D
解题步骤
Step 1：浏览全文，掌握文章信息（文体、主题、内容、结构、设空位置）
文体 主题 内容
设空位置
① Note-taking skills are important in middle school and college settings. Good listening, clear handwriting and recording of key points are among the most important note-taking skills. Students can often work with certain teachers to improve skills. Skilled note-taking helps to improve students' performance in every way. 1. _______
抓关键信息：首尾句、设空位置
Listen carefully.
②One of the main reasons that note-taking helps students achieve better grades is that it's a hands-on learning process. Hands-on learning is one of the three common learning styles. 2. _______ Learning actively by listening and then writing down what you hear can increase knowledge and develop the ability to remember things. In some cases, students can remember information without even reviewing notes because of the active learning process.
抓关键信息：小标题、首尾句、设空位置
3._______
③Why are note-taking skills important One of the most direct reasons is that good notes usually serve as one of your best study aids for tests. Organized and completed notes help you to quickly review key points discussed in a class. 4. _______ But even so, note-taking during class and through reading show a shorter and clearer view of the key points. Marking the notes in class as “important” helps you realize where to focus study energy.
抓关键信息：小标题、首尾句、设空位置
Write clearly.
④5._________ Since the purpose of note-taking is to record and remember, writing organized and easy-to-read notes will help you better remember meetings and events tied to your work. As a result, you'll develop a deeper understanding of your work and be better able to recall information in the long run.
外文素材选自Eyes Open
抓关键信息：小标题、首尾句、设空位置
文体 主题 内容
设空位置 说明文
人与自我
①The importance of note-taking skills.
②Listen carefully.
③Good notes help review key points.
④Write clearly.
小标题1处，段首1处，段中2处，段尾1处，共5空
记笔记的
重要性
及原因
Step 2：分析选项
A. Record main points.
B. Reading text books is important.
C. The others are connected with hearing and seeing.
D. Good note-taking skills can also be used in the future.
E. Here are some reasons and ways for note-taking.
话题：阅读课本
话题：其他联系
话题：未来使用
话题：原因方法
话题：要点
A.记录要点。
B.阅读课本很重要。
C.其他与听觉和视觉有关。
D.良好的记笔记技巧也可以在未来使用。
E.以下是记笔记的一些原因和方法。
Step 3：关注信息段、比对备选项，选择答案
A. Record main points.
B. Reading text books is important.
C. The others are connected with hearing and seeing.
D. Good note-taking skills can also be used in the future.
E. Here are some reasons and ways for note-taking.
①Note-taking skills are important in middle school and college settings. Good listening, clear handwriting and recording of key points are among the most important note-taking skills. Students can often work with certain teachers to improve skills. Skilled note-taking helps to improve students' performance in every way.1. _______
略读结果可知
下文讲了记笔记的
具体技巧及原因
空前讲了记笔记的重要性
E
结合与前/后文关系推断
看选项
原因及
技巧，
承上启下，符合
下文是对其他两种
learning styles
的描述，看选项
A. Record main points.
B. Reading text books is important.
C. The others are connected with hearing and seeing.
D. Good note-taking skills can also be used in the future.
E. Here are some reasons and ways for note-taking.
Listen carefully.
②One of the main reasons that note-taking helps students achieve better grades is that it's a hands-on learning process. Hands-on learning is one of the three common learning styles. 2. _______ Learning actively by listening and then writing down what you hear can increase knowledge and develop the ability to remember things. In some cases, students can remember information without even reviewing notes because of the active learning process.
C：
其他的，符合
C
并列关系
A. Record main points.
B. Reading text books is important.
C. The others are connected with hearing and seeing.
D. Good note-taking skills can also be used in the future.
E. Here are some reasons and ways for note-taking.
未提及未来，D
不合语境，排除
3._______
③Why are note-taking skills important One of the most direct reasons is that good notes usually serve as one of your best study aids for tests. Organized and completed notes help you to quickly review key points discussed in a class. 4. _______ But even so, note-taking during class and through reading show a shorter and clearer view of the key points. Marking the notes in class as “im-portant” helps you realize where to focus study energy.
小标题设空，语法结构、字数与其他小标题类似
3.___
与重点
相关
A
近义词复现
语义转折
选项剩余
B、D,
分别代入
B
转折关系
对应key points
看选项
A. Record main points.
B. Reading text books is important.
C. The others are connected with hearing and seeing.
D. Good note-taking skills can also be used in the future.
E. Here are some reasons and ways for note-taking.
Write clearly.
④5._______ Since the purpose of note-taking is to record and remember, writing organized and easy-to-read notes will help you better remember meetings and events tied to your work. As a result, you'll develop a deeper understanding of your work and be better able to recall information in the long run.
外文素材选自Eyes Open
5.___强调好的笔记对未来的作用。
符合语境。
D
结合与前/后文关系推断
同学们补齐5处答案后，进行Step 4: 代入复核
选项剩余D，代入
总结回顾
Step 1：浏览全文，掌握文章信息（______、主题、内容、结构、_____________）
Step 2：分析______
Step 3：关注信息段、______________，选择答案
Step 4： 代入______
解题步骤
设空位置
比对备选项
选项
复核
文体
微技能
上下文关系
结合与前/后文关系推断
1题、5题
搜寻关键词
逻辑关系
近义词复现 3题：
mian points与key points
并列关系 2题
转折关系 4题
02 语篇研读
主题内容（What）
段落大意
找小标题
①What does each paragraph talk about
P1: The importance of note-taking skills.
P2: Listen carefully.
P3: Record main points.
P4: Write clearly.
对于段落大意题，中考考试中，还可能会针对某一特定段落的段落大意进行提问，比如：
（1）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about (河南2022.33)
（2）Which paragraphs tell what sleepwalkers do (河南2020.33)
（3）Which paragraph gives opinions from... （河南2019.58）
（4）What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us？ (江苏2022.42)
（5）What is the main idea of paragraph 2？(贵阳2021.23)
主旨大意
主旨大意题还有可能这么问：
（1）What does the text/passage（mainly）tell us？
（河南2017.60）
（2）What is the text mainly about (河南 2016.55)
②What does the text mainly talk about
The importance of note-taking skills and what these skills are.
③In which part of a magazine can you read the text
文章主要介绍记笔记的重要性及三种记笔记的技巧，所以在杂志的“学习”版块可以读到。
你可以在杂志的哪个版块读到这篇文章？
常见的版块有Technology，Life，Health，Travel，Sports，Science，History，Culture...
对于文章主题推断题，还可能有的设问形式：
（1）Where is the text most probably from （河南2020.25）
（2）Where is the text probably taken from (河南2016.60)
（3）In which section of the magazine has Jane most probably found the information （上海2022.40）
文章主题
Study/Learning.
语篇目的（Why）
What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage
作者写这篇文章的意图是什么？
作者意图
①作者主要介绍了记笔记的重要性以及一些记笔记的具体技巧，旨在告诉同学们要积极运用和主动调适学习策略，注重学习方法，有意识地优化学习方式，形成良好的学习习惯和有效的学习策略，从而提升自己的英语学习效率，锻炼自己的学习能力。
②作者提到记笔记对于人生的每个阶段都大有裨益，比如：初高中大学的学习生活、毕业之后的工作生活。由此告诉同学们，科学的学习方法能使我们受益终生，也为我们终身学习奠定了基础。
③记笔记与同学们真实的学习生活紧密相关，提醒同学们要做到学以致用，知行合一。
文章第一段综述做笔记的重要性以及三种具体技巧；第二段介绍做笔记是一种实践学习过程，通过积极仔细地听讲，学生能记住信息，取得更好的成绩；第三段讲述了优秀的笔记可以成为最好的考试辅助工具，因为笔记能让我们快速复习到重点；第四段提到好的笔记从长期考虑，能帮助我们回忆信息。由此可知，第一段是总述，第二段到第四段是分述，且在结构上并列，所以文章结构应为总—分结构。
结构语言——写作手法剖析（How）
①What is the structure(结构) of the passage
文章结构
同学们可以关注一下文章结构、说明顺序，自己写作文的时候会用到哦~
P1
P2
P3
P4
结构语言——语言赏析（How）
in every way，one of the main reasons is that...，in some cases，without，because of，key points，focus study energy，
since+原因状语从句，as a result
赏析：作者在介绍记笔记对学生总体表现的提升时，使用了介词短语“in every way”；在阐述做笔记能提升成绩的原因时，使用了句型“one of the main reasons is that...”；在说明记笔记是一种积极的学习过程时，使用了“in some cases” “without”“because of”，简洁准确；在介绍笔记能帮助我们集中精力，快速复习考试重点时，使用了“key points”“focus study energy”；在介绍做笔记的原因时，使用了“since+原因状语从句”，表示显然的、众所周知的原因。在概括结果时，使用了“as a result”。
同学们觉得这些词好在哪里呢？
还有哪些词你认为用得好呢？
One of the main reasons that note taking helps students achieve better grades is that it's a hands on learning process.
结构语言——长难句分析（How）
译文：记笔记能帮学生取得更好成绩的主要原因之一是它是一个实践学习过程。
词组：one of the main reasons is...主要原因之一；hands-on 实践的
句子主干
主
系
表
修饰reasons
03 阅读理解—说明文
1.What is the advantage of note taking according to the passage
A. It helps improve handwriting. B. It helps remember things.
C. It helps develop listening skills. D. It helps you read quickly.
解题步骤
Step 1：浏览全文，获取信息(已获取)
Step 2：分析题目，定位原文，对比选项
分析题目：圈设问关键点
记笔记有什么好处？
细节理解
②One of the main reasons ... Learning actively by listening and then writing down what you hear can increase knowledge and develop the ability to remember things. In some cases, ...
定位原文
对比选项：记东西
记笔记有助于我们记东西。
2.What advice does the writer give us when we’re taking notes
A. Asking the teacher questions actively.
B. Changing information into easy drawings.
C. Marking key points in your notes.
D. Taking notes during meetings carefully.
分析题目：圈设问关键点
③...Marking the notes in class as “important” helps you realize where to focus study energy...
④Good note taking ... Since the purpose of note taking is to record and remember, writing organized and easy to read notes will help you better remember meetings and events tied to your work...
细节理解
作者给了我们什么记笔记的建议？
定位原文
对比选项：作者建议标记重点，important与key同义
未提及
未提及
对比选项：笔记需结构清晰，简单易读，而非carefully
短语猜测
短语“in the long run”的汉语意思最有可能是什么？
分析题目：圈设问关键点
3.What does “in the long run” most probably mean in Chinese
A. 一蹴而就 B. 长远来看 C. 循序渐进 D. 意味深长
Write clearly.
④Good note taking skills can also be used in the future. Since the purpose of note-taking is to record and remember, writing organized and easy-to-read notes will help you better remember meetings and events tied to your work. As a result, you'll develop a deeper understanding of your work and be better able to recall information in the long run.
好的笔记对我们以后的工作也有好处
定位原文
对比选项：以后，未来
写作对象
分析题目：圈设问关键点
这篇文章是写给谁的？
4.Who is the passage written for
A.Workers. B. Teachers. C. Parents. D. Students.
Record main points.
③Why are note-taking skills important ... Organized and completed notes help you to quickly review key points discussed in a class. Reading text books is important. But even so, note-taking during class and through reading show a shorter and clearer view of the key points. Marking the notes in class as “important” helps you realize where to focus study energy.
定位原文
可知写作对象是学生。
对比选项
分析题目：圈设问关键点
这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？
标题归纳
① Note taking skills are important in middle school and college settings...
②...increase knowledge and develop the ability to remember things.
③Marking the notes in class as “important” helps you realize where to focus study energy.
④Good note taking skills can also be used in the future.
定位原文
对比选项
本文主要介绍了做好笔记的原因及技巧。
5.What's the best title for the passage
A.How to Study for a Test.
B.Different Skills of Note taking.
C. Advantages of Note taking.
D. Why and How to Take Notes.
如何备考，未展开说明，不是本文研究重点
做笔记的不同方法，备选
做笔记的好处，备选
做笔记的原因和技巧，备选
B、C是
文章的
一部分内容，
D更全面。
同学们是如何解出这道题的，可以互相交流哦~
总结回顾
Step 1：___________，获取信息
Step 2：分析题目，___________，____________。
解题步骤
浏览全文
定位原文
设问类型：
短语猜测
标题归纳
写作对象
What，the best title
Who，the passage，written for
What，most probably mean，in Chinese
对比选项
拓展
词义/短语猜测
(1)What does “out of it” most probably mean in Chinese (河南 2020.31)
(2)The underlined word “calming” has the closest meaning to “_____”. (河南 2016.54)
(3)What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “adapt to”
in the passage （河北 2016.64）
04 作文缩写
请同学们根据以下提示，缩写“做笔记的原因及技巧”这篇文章。
标题： How note-taking skills help me study better
关键词： listen carefully, active, key points, focus, in the long run
词数： 100左右
可以使用语篇研读部分的文章结构、要点表达、逻辑连接词语哦~
①Note-taking skills play an important role in my study.
②Firstly, taking good notes requires me to listen carefully. Because of this, I have become more active in class. To my surprise, I don’t even have to spend more time reviewing my notes. Secondly, when I take notes, I write down and mark the key points. With the help of these key points, I know where to focus my study energy and prepare for my tests quickly. Thirdly, clear notes make it possible for me to remember things better in the long run.
③In a word, note-taking skills help me study better.
How note-taking skills help me study better
参考例文：