河南省信阳高级中学2023-2024学年高一下期开学测试
英语试题
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如雲改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳洗面听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
1.Where will the man go
A.The gym.
B.His office.
C.A shop.
2.What are the speakers talking about
A.A travel plan.
B.A spelling mistake.
C.The woman’s hometown.
3.What do we know about Peter
A.He is very quiet.
B.He studied very hard.
C.He is not a college student.
4.How does the man sometimes attend the business meeting
A.By train.
B.By bus.
C.By car.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Boss and secretary.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Waitress and customer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6What does the man want to do
A.Book a room.
B.Apply for a job.
C.Interview the woman.
7.When will the man come to the hotel
A.Next Monday.
B.Next Wednesday.
C.Next Friday.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Why does the woman talk to the man
A.To get a discount.
B.To try on a dress.
C.To ask for his opinion.
9.What color does the woman dislike
A.Yellow.
B.Blue.
C.Red.
10.What is the woman’s final decision
A.Take the purple dress.
B.Go to other stores.
C.Wait for a sale.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.Where are the speakers
A.In a restaurant.
B.In a classroom.
C.At a language center.
12.Which course is the woman in
A.The fifth.
B.The fourth.
C.The third.
13.What is the man dissatisfied with concerning the class
A.The teachers.
B.The schedule.
C.The size of the class.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.Which activity does the woman like most
A.Singing.
B.Hiking.
C.Dancing.
15.What can we say about the woman
A.She dislikes outdoor activities.
B.She enjoys cooking for herself.
C.She can make creative desserts.
16.What does the man want to be
A.A teacher.
B.A host.
C.A sportsman.
17.What does the man say about running
A.It is relaxing.
B.It is challenging.
C.It is tiring.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What will control the tree house’s temperature
A.The roof.
B.The leaves.
C.The root.
19.Why will the cover of the second type of house become dark
A.To take in more sunlight.
B.To protect it from strong heat.
C.To create fresh air for the house.
20.What is special about the third house
A.It has a roof to produce hot water.
B.It has a chimney as the air conditioner.
C.It needs much energy to make it work.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳延项。
A
A series of trains between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Day add extra fun, especially for families. Here are four holiday trips to celebrate the season. All aboard!
Cascade Canyon Winter Train
This memorable five-hour steam (蒸汽) train ride takes passengers through the snowy ops of the Rockies and remote wilderness of San Juan National Forest. Enjoy a fireside lunch or a hike along the picture-like Animus River during your hour-long stop.
Aurora Winter Train
This seasonal train heads north from Anchorage to Denali, America’s highest mountain. You can stop after three hours at Talkeetna to ski down the mountain or continue on for another nine hours to Fairbanks for some breathtaking northern lights viewing. Trains leave every Saturday morning, with return trips every Sunday.
Amtrak California Zephyr
Long-distance train trippers love the Zephyr in any season, but winter adds the attraction of pretty snow outside the window as you go over the Rockies. Departing daily all winter from both Chicago and San Francisco, the 51-hour journey offers hotel-level service in a bedroom with a private bathroom and shower. Or, break up the trip with stops to sleep and ski in Denver or Salt Lake City.
The Polar Express
The Polar Express, a Caldecott Medal-winning children’s book and Tom Hanks’ movie, is re-created in 40 Polar Express rides in 24 states, putting more than a million annual passengers in train seats. The story is read and performed by onboard actors, while Santa and dancing chefs who serve hot chocolate and treats add to the fun on the way to the “North Pole”. Most of the rides will take you to scenic places like the Grand Canyon, Mount Rainier, and the Catskills.
1. How long does Cascade Canyon Winter Train stop at the Animus River
A. One hour.
B. Three hours.
C. Five hours.
D. Nine hours.
2. Which train runs between Anchorage and Fairbanks
A. The Polar Express.
B. Amtrak California Zephyr.
C. Aurora Winter Train.
D. Cascade Canyon Winter Train.
3. What can passengers do in the Polar Express rides
A. Enjoy a fireside lunch.
B. See live performances.
C. Cook meals with Santa.
D. Watch Tom Hanks’ movies.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了感恩节和元旦之间的一系列火车旅行。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Cascade Canyon Winter Train部分“Enjoy a fireside lunch or a hike along the picture-like Animus River during your hour-long stop.(在长达一小时的停留中，享受炉边午餐或沿着阿尼姆斯河(Animus River)这样的风景徒步旅行)”可知，火车在Animus River站会停留一小时。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Aurora Winter Train部分“This seasonal train heads north from Anchorage to Denali, America’s highest mountain. You can stop after three hours at Talkeetna to ski down the mountain or continue on for another nine hours to Fairbanks for-some breathtaking northern lights viewing.(这列季节性列车从安克雷奇向北驶向美国最高的山峰德纳利。三个小时后，你可以在Talkeetna停下来滑雪下山，或者继续九个小时前往费尔班克斯，欣赏令人惊叹的北极光)”可知，Aurora Winter Train在安克雷奇和费尔班克斯之间运行。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章The Polar Express部分“The story is read and performed by onboard actors, while Santa and dancing chefs who serve hot chocolate and treats add to the fun on the way to the “North Pole”.(这个故事由车上的演员阅读和表演，而圣诞老人和跳舞的厨师在前往“北极”的路上提供热巧克力和美食，增加了乐趣)”可知，游客能在车上可以欣赏现场演出。故选B项。
B
For most of December, Adele Adkins had the top-selling album in Australia, followed by Ed Sheeran, and then there was a collection of songs that took everyone by surprise.
Songs Of Disappearance is a collection of calls from endangered Australian birds. Last month,it briefly reached No.3 on the country’s top 50 albums chart (排行榜)—ahead of Taylor Swift.
Anthony Albrecht, a PhD student at Charles Darwin University, produced the album with Professor Stephen Garnett. “I knew it was a crazy thing to suggest. But Stephen’s a little bit crazy like me and he let me do it,” Albrecht said.
Songs Of Disappearance was published with a university report which found that 1 in 6 Australian bird species are now threatened. The album records 53 of those species.
“Some sing what you might think of as bird songs, but not all of them,” said SeanDooley, who represents the conservation organization Bird life Australia. “Songs from the golden bowerbird sound like a death cry from some sci-fi series. And the love songs from Christmas Island frigate bird, which has a piece of skin hanging under its mouth that caninflate (膨胀) like a huge red balloon, sound as bizarre as its unusual looks.”
There’s also the Christmas Island pigeon. When people hear that pigeon, they might think that it’s a human making silly noises, Dooley added.
The Charles Darwin University and Bird life Australia report does document successes in protecting endangered birds, the hope being that the album will protect more species.
“The increased awareness can make a difference,” Dooley said. “When we have a community on board, that brings pressure to the government to do the right thing. We know that these conservation actions do work.”
4. Whose album reached No.1 on the chart in December
A Taylor Swift’s.
B. Adele Adkins’
C. Ed Sheeran’s.
D. Anthony Albrecht’s.
5. What can be learned from the university report
A. About 53 bird species are threatened in Australia.
B. It has not found success in protecting endangered birds.
C. One sixth of Australian bird species are now endangered.
D. Music is very powerful in encouraging people to protect birds.
6. Which is closest in meaning to “bizarre”in paragraph 5
A. Strange.
B. Beautiful.
C. Loud.
D. Sharp.
7. What does Sean Dooley think of Anthony Albrecht’s project
A. Crazy.
B. Amusing.
C. Uncreative.
D. Helpful.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲的是记录澳大利亚濒危鸟类叫声的歌曲Songs Of Disappearance 以及这首歌曲在保护濒危物种方面的作用。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“For most of December, Adele Adkins had the top-selling album in Australia, followed by Ed Sheeran, and then there was a collection of songs that took everyone by surprise.(在12月的大部分时间里，Adele Adkins的专辑在澳大利亚销量最高，其次是Ed Sheeran，然后还有一系列令所有人惊讶的歌曲。)”可知，Adele Adkins的专辑销量很高。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Songs Of Disappearance was published with a university report which found that 1 in 6Australian bird species are now threatened.(《消失之歌》与一份大学报告一起出版，该报告发现，澳大利亚六分之一的鸟类现在受到威胁。)”可知，我们可以从大学的报告中得知澳大利亚有六分之一的鸟类濒临灭绝。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词之前“which has a piece of skin hanging under its mouth that caninflate(膨胀)like a huge red balloon,(它的嘴巴下面挂着一块皮肤，可以像一个巨大的红色气球一样膨胀，)”以及划线词之后“as its unusual looks(像它不寻常的外表)”可以推测frigate bird嘴巴下面的皮肤可以像一个巨大的红色气球一样膨胀，而这就像它的外表一样不同寻常，即奇怪，所以划线词的意思与选项A. Strange意思相近。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““The increased awareness can make a difference,” Dooley said. “When we have a community on board, that brings pressure to the government to do the right thing. We know that these conservation actions do work.” (“意识的增强可以带来改变，”Dooley说。“当我们有一个社区参与进来时，这会给政府带来压力，迫使它做正确的事情。我们知道这些保护行动确实有效。”)”可推断，Sean Dooley认为Anthony Albrecht的项目非常有帮助。故选D项。
C
The first wave of concerns over artificial intelligence(AI)in 2023 appeared soon after New Year’s Day when classrooms reopened and schools from Seattle to Paris started blocking ChatGPT, a powerful software based on AI large language models, because teenagers were using it to do their homework.
The AI large language models behind such products as ChatGPT work by repeatedly guessing the next word in a sentence after having “learned” the rules from a huge amount of/human-written works. Although they often get facts wrong, their answers appear so natural that Keven, their inventors begin to worry about their possible use for spreading false information.
People became more worried when various AI products started to create not just texts but novel images, music and human voices, which threatened the livelihoods of anyone who writes, draws or sings for a living. It led to strikes by Hollywood writers and actors and legal challenges from artists and bestselling authors. Some of the most respected scientists even warned that the technology’s unchecked progress was possibly threatening human existence. “In the longer term, they might manage our attention,” pioneering AI scientist Fei Fei Lisaid. “They would tell us which video to watch, which book to read or whose communication to respond as AI technology’s abilities improve rapidly. They could be a very good assistant, but also with really big risks.”
Li hoped that 2023 is going to be a year for people to think about what Al is, how to use it and what the effects are — all the good, the bad and the ugly.
“It’s easy to forget that they are not the first wave of AI puter vision techniques developed by Li and other scientists have helped sort through a huge database of photos to recognize objects and individual faces and guide self-driving cars. Speech recognition advances have made voice assistants like Siri and Alexa a normal thing in many people’s lives,” said Tom Gruber, co-founder of Siri Inc.
8. Why did schools try to stop their students from using ChatGPT
A. ChatGPT often got facts wrong in the class.
B. Students spent too much time on the software.
C. ChatGPT helped students spread false information.
D. Students used the software to cheat at their homework.
9. What are the second and third paragraphs mainly about
A. AI’s training costs. B. ATs amazing abilities.
C. AI’s possible threats. D. AI’s fast developments.
10. What would Tom Gruber most probably suggest people do
A. Think carefully about AI’s impact. B. Welcome AI technology
C. Do use ChatGPT more carefully. D. Upgrade ChatGPT in time.
11. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A news report. B. A guide book to a software.
C. A product review. D. An introduction to a person.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了各方对AI产品所带来的不确定性的不同反应。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The first wave of concerns over artificial intelligence(AI)in 2023 appeared soon after New Year’s Day when classrooms reopened and schools from Seattle to Paris started blocking ChatGPT, a powerful software based on AI large language models, because teenagers were using it to do their homework.(2023年对人工智能（AI）的第一波担忧出现在元旦之后不久，当时教室重新开放，从西雅图到巴黎的学校开始屏蔽ChatGPT，这是一款基于人工智能大型语言模型的强大软件，因为青少年正在用它来做作业)”可知，学校禁用Chat GPT是因为学生利用该软件作弊。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The AI large language models behind such products as ChatGPT work by repeatedly guessing the next word in a sentence after having “learned” the rules from a huge amount of/human-written works. Although they often get facts wrong, their answers appear so natural that Keven, their inventors begin to worry about their possible use for spreading false information.(ChatGPT等产品背后的人工智能大型语言模型，在从大量的人类写作作品中“学习”规则后，通过反复猜测句子中的下一个单词来工作。尽管它们经常弄错事实，但它们的答案显得如此自然，以至于它们的发明者凯文开始担心它们可能被用来传播虚假信息)”及第三段“People became more worried when various AI products started to create not just texts but novel images, music and human voices, which threatened the livelihoods of anyone who writes, draws or sings for a living. It led to strikes by Hollywood writers and actors and legal challenges from artists and bestselling authors. Some of the most respected scientists even warned that the technology’s unchecked progress was possibly threatening human existence.(当各种人工智能产品不仅可以创造文字，还可以创造新的图像、音乐、人声，威胁到任何以写作、绘画或唱歌为生的人的生计时，人们变得更加担心。它导致了好莱坞作家和演员的罢工，以及艺术家和畅销书作家的法律挑战。一些最受尊敬的科学家甚至警告说，这项技术的不受控制的进步可能会威胁到人类的生存)”可知，这两段主要是介绍人工智能所构成的威胁。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’s easy to forget that they are not the first wave of AI puter vision techniques developed by Li and other scientists have helped sort through a huge database of photos to recognize objects and individual faces and guide self-driving cars. Speech recognition advances have made voice assistants like Siri and Alexa a normal thing in many people’s lives,” said Tom Gruber, co-founder of Siri Inc.(“人们很容易忘记，它们并不是第一波人工智能产品。由李和其他科学家开发的计算机视觉技术已经帮助对一个巨大的照片数据库进行分类，以识别物体和个人面孔，并指导自动驾驶汽车。语音识别技术的进步使得像Siri和Alexa这样的语音助手在许多人的生活中变得很正常，”Siri公司的联合创始人汤姆·格鲁伯说)”可推知，他可能会建议大家放心拥抱AI技术。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。第一段“The first wave of concerns over artificial intelligence(AI)in 2023 appeared soon after New Year’s Day when classrooms reopened and schools from Seattle to Paris started blocking ChatGPT, a powerful software based on AI large language models, because teenagers were using it to do their homework.(2023年对人工智能（AI）的第一波担忧出现在元旦之后不久，当时教室重新开放，从西雅图到巴黎的学校开始屏蔽ChatGPT，这是一款基于人工智能大型语言模型的强大软件，因为青少年正在用它来做作业)”可知，文章主要介绍了各方对AI产品所带来的不确定性的不同反应。由此推知，本文很可能是选自一篇新闻报道。故选A。
D
A study published Tuesday in the journal Psychonomic Bulletin & Review found that words expressing angry feelings sound alike in several unrelated languages. They’re less likely than other words to include the sounds L, R, W or Y. And more friendly versions of such words often have these sounds added. The finding suggests that certain rules may link the world’s languages, no matter how different they are.
Ryan McKay, co-author of the paper, happened to discover that some of the English curses (诅咒语) seem to have something in common; They’re often short and include the sounds B, P, T or K. Then Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether these rules went beyond English.
During the experiment, they asked fluent speakers of Arabic, Korean, German and Spanish to list the worst words they could think of. Once they’d made a list of each language’s most commonly used curses, the researchers compared these with neutral (中性的) words from the same language. To their surprise, the rules still apply.
Next, the scientists asked the same people to listen to pairs of invented words, such as “yog” and “tsog” and guess which word in each pair was a curse. The subjects were more likely to guess that words without L, R. W and Y, such as “tsog”, were curses. Finally, the researchers looked through the dictionary for English curses and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the cleaned-up versions included more of the sounds L, R, W and Y.
“Most 20th-century language scientists held that any word could have any meaning,” said Dr. McKay. “With curses, though, the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning. This can shape and change our understanding of how languages are formed.”
“It is the first time for researchers to study curses across languages and the finding is very interesting,” said Benjamin Bergen, a language scientist at the University of California, who was not involved in the study. “But it is just another case of what’s called sound symbolism in the language study: A word sounds like what it means.”
12. Which word is most probably not a leaned-up curse according to the text
A. Rucy.
B. Buk
C. Yayad.
D. Walawah.
13. What did the researchers do in their last step
A. Applying their study to more unrelated languages.
B. Studying the neutral words and curses side by side.
C. Asking people to listen to pairs of non-existing words.
D. Comparing English curses with their friendly versions.
14. What did Benjamin Bergen mean
A. The study method is really unscientific.
B. It will change our understanding in a way.
C. It is not a totally new discovery at all.
D. The selected languages are too limited.
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce a newly published study.
B. To prove the unique rules in English.
C. To tell another way of memorizing words.
D. To show how to use more friendly curses.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究发现，不同语言中表达愤怒情绪的词语在发音上有相似之处，愤怒词汇通常缺少L、R、W或Y等辅音，而净化后的同义诅咒语则常包含这些辅音。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“They’re less likely than other words to include the sounds L, R, W or Y. And more friendly versions of such words often have these sounds added.(与其他单词相比，这些单词不太可能包含L、R、W或Y等音，而更友好的同义词通常会有这些音)”和第二段中“Ryan McKay, co-author of the paper, happened to discover that some of the English curses (诅咒语) seem to have something in common; They’re often short and include the sounds B, P, T or K.(该论文的合著者瑞恩·麦凯偶然发现，一些英语诅咒语似乎有一些共同点；它们通常很短，包括B、P、T或K的发音)”可知，诅咒语一般通常很短，包括B、P、T或K的发音，而净化后更友好的诅咒语中会有L、R、W或Y等音，所以“Buk”不是净化后的诅咒语。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Finally, the researchers looked through the dictionary for English curses and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the cleaned-up versions included more of the sounds L, R, W and Y.(最后，研究人员在词典中查找了英语诅咒语和它们的净化版本。再一次，净化后的版本包含了更多的声音L，R，W和Y。)”可知，研究人员最后做的是在词典中查找英语诅咒语和它们的净化版本并进行比较。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Benjamin Bergen的话“But it is just another case of what’s called sound symbolism in the language study: A word sounds like what it means.(但这只是语言研究中所谓的声音象征主义的另一个例子：一个词听起来就像它的意思)”可知，Benjamin Bergen的意思是这次研究只是声音象征主义研究的另一个例子，其结论并不是全新的发现。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“A study published Tuesday in the journal Psychonomic Bulletin & Review found that words expressing angry feelings sound alike in several unrelated languages.(周二发表在《心理经济学公报与评论》杂志上的一项研究发现，在几种不相关的语言中，表达愤怒情绪的词语听起来很相似)”和下文内容可知，文章介绍了一项关于表达愤怒情绪的词语的研究，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一项新发表的研究。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Today, we have some tips to help English learners gain confidence in their English-speaking ability.
Use positive self-talk
Believe it or not, the most important person you talk to every day is yourself. In other words, your own thoughts matter. ____16____ Be sure to replace unhelpful thoughts or ideas with better one.
____17____
Those who are not confident enough usually speak so softly and fast that they have to repeat themselves several times. To sound more confident, try to slow down your speech and speak loudly enough that anyone in the same room can easily hear you. Many English learners worry that speaking too slowly will make them sound inexperienced. ____18____. So avoid worrying that you are speaking too slowly for the people around you.
Speak in full sentences
If you are not confident in a language, you will likely try to say as little as possible when you speak. This is a common problem for language learners. ____19____ Using complete sentences shows listeners that you are not Afraid to speak English.
Don’t worry too much
One of the biggest problems in speaking a second language is worrying too much about making mistakes. ___20___ You can also tell your sell that the purpose of speaking a language is to communicate and That/many English learners who can communicate very well make mistakes, too.
A. Read out aloud
B. Speak more loudly and slowly
C. So pay attention to what you tell yourself
D. But speaking too fast may cause more mistakes
E. As your skills grow, your confidence will grow, too
F. Our tip is to speak in complete sentences and give longer responses when possible
G You should keep in mind that making mistakes is a natural part of the learning process
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述英语学习者获得对自己英语能力的信心的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Believe it or not, the most important person you talk to every day is yourself. In other words, your own thoughts matter (信不信由你，你每天交谈的最重要的人是你自己。换句话说，你自己的想法很重要)”可知，本空要说跟“对自己交谈重要”有关的话题，C项“So pay attention to what you tell yourself (因此，要注意自己对自己说的话)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Those who are not confident enough usually speak so softly and fast that they have to repeat themselves several times. To sound more confident, try to slow down your speech and speak loudly enough that anyone in the same room can easily hear you. (那些不够自信的人通常说得又轻又快，以至于他们不得不重复好几遍。为了听起来更自信，试着放慢你的说话速度，大声说，让同一个房间里的人都能很容易地听到你的声音。)”可知，本空要说跟“放慢说话速度、大声说”有关的话题，B 项“Speak more loudly and slowly (说话的声音大些，速度慢些)”能引起下文，适合作为小标题。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Many English learners worry that speaking too slowly will make them sound inexperienced (许多英语学习者担心说得太慢会使他们听起来缺乏经验。)”和后文“So avoid worrying that you are speaking too slowly for the people around you. (所以不要担心你对周围的人说得太慢了。)”可知，不要担心说话慢会有不好的影响，D项“But speaking too fast may cause more mistakes (但是，讲得太快会犯更多的错误)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据空后“Using complete sentences shows listeners that you are not afraid to speak English. (使用完整的句子向听众表明你不害怕说英语。)”可知，本空要说跟“使用完整的句子”有关的话题，F项“Our tip is to speak in complete sentences and give longer responses when possible (我们的建议是尽量用完整的长句)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“One of the biggest problems in speaking a second language is worrying too much about making mistakes. (说第二语言的最大问题之一就是过于担心犯错。)”可知，本空要说跟“担心犯错”有关的话题，G 项“You should keep in mind that making mistakes is a natural part of the learning process (你应该记住犯错是学习过程中不可避免的一部分)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
I never planned to move back to my hometown in Ohio when I came home from California! I thought I would ____21____ there for a few weeks and then I could leave as soon as my dad ____22____. But one of his doctors told me that he couldn’t live alone anymore and suggested that I take him with me.
“Two big ____23____,” I said to my dad one night. “Stay in Ohio alone Or go to California with me It’s like choosing your own adventure.”
My dad ____24____ for a second and replied, “Based on my ____25____ and age, I don’t think I can do either one.”
My dad had lived in Ohio for the past 54 years. And then at 75, I asked him to leave all his life behind and come to live with me, his 31-year-old ____26____ and trust me to take care of him, something I had never done before. To be honest, I was ____27____, too. I had to ____28____ apart of my life as well. But I’d rather have us be terrified together.
After sitting in silence for a few seconds, I added, “If I said you had to ____29____ California and live with me, how would you feel about that ”
I was ____30____ shocked by his answer: “Oh, great. But...”
I didn’t even let him ____31____ his but. It was decided. In less than a month. I cheerfully ____32____ his apartment up, and bought him a ticket to California.
At first people kept asking me, “Are you ready to take on this responsibility ”
My ____33____ was always the same: “I’m his daughter and no one is going to ____34____ him as much as I do.”
Now, he is living happily with me and I’m ____35____ that I have done what I had to do.
21.
A. work B. stay C. study D. play
22.
A. recovered B. left C. refused D. agreed
23.
A. schedules B. places C. questions D. surprises
24.
A. slept B. tried C. argued D. thought
25.
A. health B. income C. job D. experience
26.
A. son B. daughter C. brother D. sister
27.
A. annoyed B. curious C. terrified D. comfortable
28.
A. break into B. go through C. adapt to D. give up
29.
A. lead B. move C. drive D. struggle
30.
A. always B. hardly C. awkwardly D. happily
31.
A. write B. see C. finish D. want
32.
A. packed B. set C. 1isted D. dried
33.
A. price B. answer C. house D. worry
34.
A. teach B. attract C. understand D. love
35.
A. glad B. regretful C. certain D. unaware
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了父亲生病后，作者返回家乡。得知父亲再也不能一个人住后，作者和父亲克服困难，幸福生活在一起的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我会在那里待上几个星期，等我爸爸一康复就可以离开。A. work工作；B. stay停留；C. study研究；D. play玩。根据后文的“there for a few weeks and then I could leave as soon as my dad 2 . But one of his doctors told me that he couldn’t live alone anymore and suggested that I take him with me.”可知，由于父亲身体不好，作者以为会在俄亥俄州的家乡待上几个星期，爸爸一康复就可以离开。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我会在那里待上几个星期，等我爸爸一康复就可以离开。A. recovered康复；B. left离开；C. refused拒绝；D. agreed同意。根据前文的“I thought I would 1 there for a few weeks and then I could leave as soon as my dad”和后文“But one of his doctors told me that he couldn’t live alone anymore and suggested that I take him with me.”可知，父亲健康状况不好，作者从加利福尼亚回到家，希望爸爸一康复就可以离开。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“两个大问题，”一天晚上我对爸爸说。A. schedules一览表；B. places地点；C. questions问题；D. surprises惊喜。根据后文的“Stay in Ohio alone Or go to California with me ”可知，后文作者问了父亲两个问题。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸想了一下，回答说：“以我的健康状况和年龄来看，我觉得这两件事我都做不了。”A. slept睡觉；B. tried尝试；C. argued争辩；D. thought想。根据前文的“Stay in Ohio alone Or go to California with me ”和后文“Based on my 5 and age, I don’t think I can do either one”可知，对于作者提出的问题，父亲都否决了，所以父亲想了一下后回答。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸想了一下，回答说：“以我的健康状况和年龄来看，我觉得这两件事我都做不了。”A. health健康；B. income收入；C. job工作；D. experience经验。根据前文的“But one of his doctors told me that he couldn’t live alone anymore and suggested that I take him with me.”可知，医生告诉我，父亲再也不能一个人住了，建议作者带他一起去，说明父亲健康状况不好，所以父亲说以自己的健康状况和年龄来看，两件事都做不了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在75岁的时候，我让他放下他所有的生活，来和我，他31岁的女儿一起生活，相信我能照顾他，这是我以前从未做过的事情。A. son儿子；B. daughter女儿；C. brother兄弟；D. sister姐妹。根据后文的“I’m his daughter and no one is going to 14 him as much as I do.”可知，作者是他的女儿。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我也很害怕。A. annoyed生气的；B. curious好奇的；C. terrified吓坏了的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据后文的“I had to 8 apart of my life as well. But I’d rather have us be terrified together.”可知，作者也不得不放弃自己生活的一部分，但作者宁愿和父亲一起担惊受怕，所以此处指作者也很害怕。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我也不得不放弃我生活的一部分。A. break into闯入；B. go through通过；C. adapt to适应；D. give up放弃。根据前文的“My dad had lived in Ohio for the past 54 years. And then at 75, I asked him to leave all his life behind and come to live with me”和后文“apart of my life as well”可知，父亲需要放弃自己以前的生活，所以此处指作者也不得不放弃我生活的一部分。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沉默地坐了几秒钟后，我又说：“如果我说你必须搬到加州和我一起生活，你会怎么想？”A. lead领导；B. move搬家；C. drive开车；D. struggle奋斗。根据前文的“Or go to California with me ”和后文的“California and live with me”可知，作者再次提出让父亲搬到加州。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的回答让我既吃惊又高兴：“哦，太好了。但是……”A. always总是；B. hardly几乎没有；C. awkwardly尴尬地；D. happily高兴地。根据后文的“Oh, great.”可知，作者听到父亲说太好了，即父亲同意了作者的提议，所以作者很高兴。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至没让他说完他的“但是”。A. write写；B. see看见；C. finish完成；D. want希望。根据前文的“I was 10 shocked by his answer: “Oh, great. But...””和空后的“his but”可知，作者打断了父亲说话，没有让父亲完成他的“但是”。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我兴高采烈地收拾了他的公寓，给他买了一张去加利福尼亚的机票。A. packed收拾；B. set设定；C. listed列清单；D. dried变干。根据前文的“Oh, great.”和后文“his apartment up, and bought him a ticket to California.”可知，听到父亲说很棒，作者急忙兴高采烈地收拾了父亲的公寓。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的回答总是一样的：“我是他的女儿，没有人会像我这样爱他。”A. price价格；B. answer回答；C. house房子；D. worry担心。根据前文的“Are you ready to take on this responsibility ”和后文的“I’m his daughter and no one is going to 14 him as much as I do.”可知，后文是对别人问题的回答。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的回答总是一样的：“我是他的女儿，没有人会像我这样爱他。”A. teach教授；B. attract吸引；C. understand理解；D. love爱。根据后文的“him as much as I do.”可知，作者说没有人会像自己这样爱他。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，他和我幸福地生活在一起，我很高兴我做了我必须做的事。A. glad高兴的；B. regretful遗憾的；C. certain确定的；D. unaware不知道的。根据前文的“Now, he is living happily with me”可知，父亲现在很幸福，所以作者很高兴自己做了必须做的事。故选A项。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
语法填空
Some people might be of the opinion that heritages____36____ (be) not necessary in the modern world. Maybe for some people they aren’t, but for most of us, being able to explore our heritages gives us many____37____ (benefit).
Personal heritages can serve as connection with our past. For example, we might have some of the toys that belonged____38____our ancestors. As a part of our families’ heritages, they are important because they tell us where we come from.
It is true that knowing our personal heritage doesn’t____39____ (full) define us. However, it can help us find our starting point in life. It can even help us find out the direction in which we wish to go. For example, if we happen to have people in our families____40____have done great things, we might find that we want to further____41____ (they) achievements.
Understanding the cultural heritages, such as homegrown music styles, widely____42____ (celebrate) festivals and unique cooking methods, allows us____43____ (identify) with other communities that have a similar background. Cultural heritages can actually provide us with a sense of belonging and unity within a group. In a sense, the more globalized the world becomes,____44____more important it is not to lose forever these_____45_____ (tradition) roots (根).
【答案】36. are
37. benefits
38. to 39. fully
40. who##that
41. their 42. celebrated
43. to identify
44. the 45. traditional
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了文化遗产的重要性以及好处。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：有些人可能认为遗产在现代世界是不必要的。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为heritages，谓语用复数。故填are。
【37题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：也许对某些人来说，他们不是，但对我们大多数人来说，能够探索我们的遗产给我们带来很多好处。根据空前的限定词many及下文具体的好处可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填benefits。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，我们可能有一些属于我们祖先的玩具。belong to意为“属于”，为固定短语。故填to。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：的确，了解我们的个人传统并不能完全定义我们。修饰动词define应用副词fully。故填fully。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：例如，如果我们的家庭中碰巧有人做了伟大的事情，我们可能会发现我们想要进一步发展他们的成就。分析该句结构可知，所填词引导的是一个限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词为people，指人，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，如果我们的家庭中碰巧有人做了伟大的事情，我们可能会发现我们想要进一步发展他们的成就。此处用形容词性物主代词their修饰后面的achievements。故填their。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：了解当地的文化遗产，如本土音乐风格、广泛庆祝的节日和独特的烹饪方法，使我们能够认同具有相似背景的其他社区。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作定语，修饰festivals。而且celebrate与festivals之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填celebrated。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：了解当地的文化遗产，如本土音乐风格、广泛庆祝的节日和独特的烹饪方法，使我们能够认同具有相似背景的其他社区。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to identify。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：从某种意义上说，世界越是全球化，就越不应该永远失去这些传统的根源。句型the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……越……”。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：从某种意义上说，世界越是全球化，就越不应该永远失去这些传统的根源。修饰名词roots，作定语应用形容词traditional。故填traditional。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语社开展题为“My Favorite Teacher”的征稿活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.介绍你喜欢的老师；
2.说明你喜欢他/她的理由。
注意：1.写作词数应80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favorite Teacher
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
My Favorite Teacher
My maths teacher Ms Lin, a slim and middle-aged woman, seems ordinary. However, she is my favorite teacher. There are several reasons for my appreciation.
First, she is so knowledgeable that her classes are well organized and informative. With a strong sense of humour, she often makes us laugh in class, which contributes to a relaxed study atmosphere. More importantly, she treats us nicely. Every time we turn to her with our academic or personal problems, she always tries her best to help us with patience.
In all, I admire Ms Lin—she has set a good example for me to follow.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文给校英语社开展的题为“My Favorite Teacher”的征稿活动投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
苗条的：slim→trim
欣赏：appreciation→admiration
友好的：nicely→friendly
普通的：ordinary→common
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：However, she is my favorite teacher. There are several reasons for my appreciation.
拓展句：However, she is my favorite teacher, for which there are several reasons.
【高分句型1】First, she is so knowledgeable that her classes are well organized and informative.（运用了so…that…引导的结果状语从句）
【高分句型2】With a strong sense of humour, she often makes us laugh in class, which contributes to a relaxed study atmosphere.（运用了which引导的非限制性状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jane was still sleeping when the phone rang in the living room. She opened her sleepy eyes and looked at the clock on the table. It was already nine o’clock! Although Jane was still very sleepy, she knew she had to get up because her mother was working in her office and she couldn’t expect her younger brother Tom, who was sleeping like a pig, to answer the Phone. She quickly put on a coat and ran to the living room. When she picked up the receiver, on the other end came the warm greeting, “Good morning!”
It was from her father, who was a seaman and rarely came back. Suddenly, Jane’s sleepiness disappeared.
Born in a not-so-rich family, Jane and Tom felt the stress of life, but they were happy to enjoy the family atmosphere. At school, they were straight-A students and took part in various after-school activities. They were the pride of the family.
“Good morning, Dad. Why do you call us so early on the weekend ” Jane said and pretended to be annoyed. “Tom and I have been very nice recently.” “My dear, today is your mother’s birthday, and I have ordered a cake online and it will be sent to our home late in the afternoon. Do remember to take the cake. It is my surprise for your mother.”
Hearing her father’s words, Jane felt a little ashamed. How could she forget her mother’s birthday !
While she was chatting with her father, Jane looked around the room and saw a lot of dirty clothes on the sofa. The floor hadn’t been cleaned for a few days since her mother had to work all this week.
She looked at the clock again and was sure that she still had enough time to prepare a surprise for her mother.
“Well, Dad, now I’m going to wake Tom up. We will give Mum a surprise, too!” Jane said and hung up the telephone.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jane hurried to Tom’s room and shared her plan with him.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Happy birthday, Mum!” Jane and Tom shouted when their mother opened the door.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Jane hurried to Tom’s room and shared her plan with him. Having learned about the details, Tom volunteered to clean the floor. It took him more than two hours to clean every corner in the house. For the first time, Tom realized how hard it had been for his mother and sister to keep the house clean. While Tom was working, Jane washed the dirty clothes and decorated the room with colorful balloons. When the cake arrived, everything was ready for the big moment.
“Happy birthday, Mum!” Jane and Tom shouted when their mother opened the door. Seeing the beautifully decorated room and the big cake on the table, their mother seemed to be very confused and surprised. After Tom and Jane told her what had happened, she could hardly hide her excitement and hugged them tightly. “It is the best birthday gift I have ever had!” said their mother, who then took out her smartphone and made a video. “We should share this surprise with your father!”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了出生在一个并不富裕的家庭，简和汤姆感到生活的压力，但他们很高兴享受家庭氛围。在学校，他们是全优生，参加各种课外活动。他们是这个家庭的骄傲。这天父亲打来电话告知当天是母亲的生日，于是简和汤姆打扫了房子的卫生，给妈妈庆祝了生日。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“简急忙跑到汤姆的房间，把她的计划告诉了他”可知，第一段可描写简和汤姆开始打扫卫生，装饰房间。
②由第二段首句内容“‘生日快乐，妈妈！’妈妈开门时，简和汤姆大叫起来”可知，第二段可描写他们给妈妈庆祝生日的经过以及妈妈的反应。
2.续写线索：告知计划——汤姆打扫卫生——简洗衣服——蛋糕送到——妈妈回家——庆祝生日——妈妈感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/be aware
②打扫：clean/ sweep
③准备好：be ready for/be well-prepared for
情绪类
①激动：excitement/thrill
②惊讶：surprised /amazed
【点睛】[高分句型1] When the cake arrived, everything was ready for the big moment. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Having learned about the details, Tom volunteered to clean the floor. (运用了现在分词作状语)
听力答案：1~5 ACCAA 6～10 BBCAB 11～15 AACBC 16～20 AACBB河南省信阳高级中学2023-2024学年高一下期开学测试
英语试题
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如雲改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳洗面听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
1.Where will the man go
A.The gym.
B.His office.
C.A shop.
2.What are the speakers talking about
A.A travel plan.
B.A spelling mistake.
C.The woman’s hometown.
3.What do we know about Peter
A.He is very quiet.
B.He studied very hard.
C.He is not a college student.
4.How does the man sometimes attend the business meeting
A.By train.
B.By bus.
C.By car.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Boss and secretary.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Waitress and customer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does the man want to do
A.Book a room.
B.Apply for a job.
C.Interview the woman.
7.When will the man come to the hotel
A.Next Monday.
B.Next Wednesday.
C.Next Friday.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Why does the woman talk to the man
A.To get a discount.
B.To try on a dress.
C.To ask for his opinion.
9.What color does the woman dislike
A.Yellow.
B.Blue.
C.Red.
10.What is the woman’s final decision
A.Take the purple dress.
B.Go to other stores.
C.Wait for a sale.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.Where are the speakers
A.In a restaurant.
B.In a classroom.
CAt a language center.
12.Which course is the woman in
A.The fifth.
B.The fourth.
C.The third.
13.What is the man dissatisfied with concerning the class
A.The teachers.
B.The schedule.
C.The size of the class.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.Which activity does the woman like most
A.Singing.
B.Hiking.
C.Dancing.
15.What can we say about the woman
A.She dislikes outdoor activities.
B.She enjoys cooking for herself.
C.She can make creative desserts.
16.What does the man want to be
A.A teacher.
B.A host.
C.A sportsman.
17.What does the man say about running
A.It is relaxing.
B.It is challenging.
C.It is tiring.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What will control the tree house’s temperature
A.The roof.
B.The leaves.
C.The root.
19.Why will the cover of the second type of house become dark
A.To take in more sunlight.
B.To protect it from strong heat.
C.To create fresh air for the house.
20.What is special about the third house
A.It has a roof to produce hot water.
B.It has a chimney as the air conditioner.
C.It needs much energy to make it work.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳延项。
A
A series of trains between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Day add extra fun, especially for families. Here are four holiday trips to celebrate the season. All aboard!
Cascade Canyon Winter Train
This memorable five-hour steam (蒸汽) train ride takes passengers through the snowy ops of the Rockies and remote wilderness of San Juan National Forest. Enjoy a fireside lunch or a hike along the picture-like Animus River during your hour-long stop.
Aurora Winter Train
This seasonal train heads north from Anchorage to Denali, America’s highest mountain. You can stop after three hours at Talkeetna to ski down the mountain or continue on for another nine hours to Fairbanks for some breathtaking northern lights viewing. Trains leave every Saturday morning, with return trips every Sunday.
Amtrak California Zephyr
Long-distance train trippers love the Zephyr in any season, but winter adds the attraction of pretty snow outside the window as you go over the Rockies. Departing daily all winter from both Chicago and San Francisco, the 51-hour journey offers hotel-level service in a bedroom with a private bathroom and shower. Or, break up the trip with stops to sleep and ski in Denver or Salt Lake City.
The Polar Express
The Polar Express, a Caldecott Medal-winning children’s book and Tom Hanks’ movie, is re-created in 40 Polar Express rides in 24 states, putting more than a million annual passengers in train seats. The story is read and performed by onboard actors, while Santa and dancing chefs who serve hot chocolate and treats add to the fun on the way to the “North Pole”. Most of the rides will take you to scenic places like the Grand Canyon, Mount Rainier, and the Catskills.
1. How long does Cascade Canyon Winter Train stop at the Animus River
A. One hour.
B. Three hours.
C. Five hours.
D. Nine hours.
2. Which train runs between Anchorage and Fairbanks
A. The Polar Express.
B. Amtrak California Zephyr.
C. Aurora Winter Train.
D. Cascade Canyon Winter Train.
3. What can passengers do in the Polar Express rides
A. Enjoy a fireside lunch.
B. See live performances.
C. Cook meals with Santa.
D. Watch Tom Hanks’ movies.
B
For most of December, Adele Adkins had the top-selling album in Australia, followed by Ed Sheeran, and then there was a collection of songs that took everyone by surprise.
Songs Of Disappearance is a collection of calls from endangered Australian birds. Last month,it briefly reached No.3 on the country’s top 50 albums chart (排行榜)—ahead of Taylor Swift.
Anthony Albrecht, a PhD student at Charles Darwin University, produced the album with Professor Stephen Garnett. “I knew it was a crazy thing to suggest. But Stephen’s a little bit crazy like me and he let me do it,” Albrecht said.
Songs Of Disappearance was published with a university report which found that 1 in 6 Australian bird species are now threatened. The album records 53 of those species.
“Some sing what you might think of as bird songs, but not all of them,” said SeanDooley, who represents the conservation organization Bird life Australia. “Songs from the golden bowerbird sound like a death cry from some sci-fi series. And the love songs from Christmas Island frigate bird, which has a piece of skin hanging under its mouth that caninflate (膨胀) like a huge red balloon, sound as bizarre as its unusual looks.”
There’s also the Christmas Island pigeon. When people hear that pigeon they might think that it’s a human making silly noises, Dooley added.
The Charles Darwin University and Bird life Australia report does document successes in protecting endangered birds, the hope being that the album will protect more species.
“The increased awareness can make a difference,” Dooley said. “When we have a community on board, that brings pressure to the government to do the right thing. We know that these conservation actions do work.”
4. Whose album reached No.1 on the chart in December
A. Taylor Swift’s.
B. Adele Adkins’
C. Ed Sheeran’s.
D. Anthony Albrecht’s.
5. What can be learned from the university report
A. About 53 bird species are threatened in Australia.
B. It has not found success in protecting endangered birds.
C. One sixth of Australian bird species are now endangered.
D. Music is very powerful in encouraging people to protect birds.
6. Which is closest in meaning to “bizarre”in paragraph 5
A. Strange.
B. Beautiful.
C. Loud.
D. Sharp.
7. What does Sean Dooley think of Anthony Albrecht’s project
A. Crazy.
B. Amusing.
C. Uncreative.
D. Helpful.
C
The first wave of concerns over artificial intelligence(AI)in 2023 appeared soon after New Year’s Day when classrooms reopened and schools from Seattle to Paris started blocking ChatGPT, a powerful software based on AI large language models, because teenagers were using it to do their homework.
The AI large language models behind such products as ChatGPT work by repeatedly guessing the next word in a sentence after having “learned” the rules from a huge amount of/human-written works. Although they often get facts wrong, their answers appear so natural that Keven, their inventors begin to worry about their possible use for spreading false information.
People became more worried when various AI products started to create not just texts but novel images music and human voices, which threatened the livelihoods of anyone who writes, draws or sings for a living. It led to strikes by Hollywood writers and actors and legal challenges from artists and bestselling authors. Some of the most respected scientists even warned that the technology’s unchecked progress was possibly threatening human existence. “In the longer term, they might manage our attention,” pioneering AI scientist Fei Fei Lisaid. “They would tell us which video to watch, which book to read or whose communication to respond as AI technology’s abilities improve rapidly. They could be a very good assistant, but also with really big risks.”
Li hoped that 2023 is going to be a year for people to think about what Al is, how to use it and what the effects are — all the good, the bad and the ugly.
“It’s easy to forget that they are not the first wave of AI puter vision techniques developed by Li and other scientists have helped sort through a huge database of photos to recognize objects and individual faces and guide self-driving cars. Speech recognition advances have made voice assistants like Siri and Alexa a normal thing in many people’s lives,” said Tom Gruber, co-founder of Siri Inc.
8. Why did schools try to stop their students from using ChatGPT
A. ChatGPT often got facts wrong in the class.
B Students spent too much time on the software.
C. ChatGPT helped students spread false information.
D. Students used the software to cheat at their homework.
9. What are the second and third paragraphs mainly about
A. AI’s training costs. B. ATs amazing abilities.
C. AI’s possible threats. D. AI’s fast developments.
10. What would Tom Gruber most probably suggest people do
A. Think carefully about AI’s impact. B. Welcome AI technology
C. Do use ChatGPT more carefully. D. Upgrade ChatGPT in time.
11. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A news report. B. A guide book to a software.
C. A product review. D. An introduction to a person.
D
A study published Tuesday in the journal Psychonomic Bulletin & Review found that words expressing angry feelings sound alike in several unrelated languages. They’re less likely than other words to include the sounds L, R, W or Y. And more friendly versions of such words often have these sounds added. The finding suggests that certain rules may link the world’s languages, no matter how different they are.
Ryan McKay, co-author of the paper, happened to discover that some of the English curses (诅咒语) seem to have something in common; They’re often short and include the sounds B, P, T or K. Then Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether these rules went beyond English.
During the experiment, they asked fluent speakers of Arabic, Korean, German and Spanish to list the worst words they could think of. Once they’d made a list of each language’s most commonly used curses, the researchers compared these with neutral (中性的) words from the same language. To their surprise, the rules still apply.
Next, the scientists asked the same people to listen to pairs of invented words, such as “yog” and “tsog” and guess which word in each pair was a curse. The subjects were more likely to guess that words without L, R. W and Y, such as “tsog”, were curses. Finally, the researchers looked through the dictionary for English curses and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the cleaned-up versions included more of the sounds L, R, W and Y.
“Most 20th-century language scientists held that any word could have any meaning,” said Dr. McKay. “With curses, though, the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning. This can shape and change our understanding of how languages are formed.”
“It is the first time for researchers to study curses across languages and the finding is very interesting,” said Benjamin Bergen, a language scientist at the University of California, who was not involved in the study. “But it is just another case of what’s called sound symbolism in the language study: A word sounds like what it means.”
12. Which word is most probably not a leaned-up curse according to the text
A. Rucy.
B. Buk
C. Yayad.
D. Walawah.
13. What did the researchers do in their last step
A. Applying their study to more unrelated languages.
B. Studying the neutral words and curses side by side.
C. Asking people to listen to pairs of non-existing words.
D. Comparing English curses with their friendly versions.
14. What did Benjamin Bergen mean
A. The study method is really unscientific.
B. It will change our understanding in a way.
C. It is not a totally new discovery at all.
D. The selected languages are too limited.
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce a newly published study.
B. To prove the unique rules in English.
C To tell another way of memorizing words.
D. To show how to use more friendly curses.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Today, we have some tips to help English learners gain confidence in their English-speaking ability.
Use positive self-talk
Believe it or not, the most important person you talk to every day is yourself. In other words, your own thoughts matter. ____16____ Be sure to replace unhelpful thoughts or ideas with better one.
____17____
Those who are not confident enough usually speak so softly and fast that they have to repeat themselves several times. To sound more confident, try to slow down your speech and speak loudly enough that anyone in the same room can easily hear you. Many English learners worry that speaking too slowly will make them sound inexperienced. ____18____. So avoid worrying that you are speaking too slowly for the people around you.
Speak in full sentences
If you are not confident in a language, you will likely try to say as little as possible when you speak. This is a common problem for language learners. ____19____ Using complete sentences shows listeners that you are not Afraid to speak English.
Don’t worry too much
One of the biggest problems in speaking a second language is worrying too much about making mistakes. ___20___ You can also tell your sell that the purpose of speaking a language is to communicate and That/many English learners who can communicate very well make mistakes, too.
A. Read out aloud
B. Speak more loudly and slowly
C. So pay attention to what you tell yourself
D. But speaking too fast may cause more mistakes
E. As your skills grow, your confidence will grow, too
F. Our tip is to speak in complete sentences and give longer responses when possible
G. You should keep in mind that making mistakes is a natural part of the learning process
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
I never planned to move back to my hometown in Ohio when I came home from California! I thought I would ____21____ there for a few weeks and then I could leave as soon as my dad ____22____. But one of his doctors told me that he couldn’t live alone anymore and suggested that I take him with me.
“Two big ____23____,” I said to my dad one night. “Stay in Ohio alone Or go to California with me It’s like choosing your own adventure.”
My dad ____24____ for a second and replied, “Based on my ____25____ and age, I don’t think I can do either one.”
My dad had lived in Ohio for the past 54 years. And then at 75, I asked him to leave all his life behind and come to live with me, his 31-year-old ____26____ and trust me to take care of him, something I had never done before. To be honest, I was ____27____, too. I had to ____28____ apart of my life as well. But I’d rather have us be terrified together.
After sitting in silence for a few seconds, I added, “If I said you had to ____29____ California and live with me, how would you feel about that ”
I was ____30____ shocked by his answer: “Oh, great. But...”
I didn’t even let him ____31____ his but. It was decided. In less than a month. I cheerfully ____32____ his apartment up, and bought him a ticket to California.
At first, people kept asking me, “Are you ready to take on this responsibility ”
My ____33____ was always the same: “I’m his daughter and no one is going to ____34____ him as much as I do.”
Now, he is living happily with me and I’m ____35____ that I have done what I had to do.
21.
A. work B. stay C. study D. play
22.
A. recovered B. left C. refused D. agreed
23.
A. schedules B. places C. questions D. surprises
24.
A. slept B. tried C. argued D. thought
25.
A. health B. income C. job D. experience
26.
A. son B. daughter C. brother D. sister
27.
A. annoyed B. curious C. terrified D. comfortable
28.
A. break into B. go through C. adapt to D. give up
29.
A. lead B. move C. drive D. struggle
30.
A. always B. hardly C. awkwardly D. happily
31.
A. write B. see C. finish D. want
32.
A. packed B. set C. 1isted D. dried
33.
A. price B. answer C. house D. worry
34.
A. teach B. attract C. understand D. love
35.
A. glad B. regretful C. certain D. unaware
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
语法填空
Some people might be of the opinion that heritages____36____ (be) not necessary in the modern world. Maybe for some people they aren’t, but for most of us, being able to explore our heritages gives us many____37____ (benefit).
Personal heritages can serve as connection with our past. For example, we might have some of the toys that belonged____38____our ancestors. As a part of our families’ heritages, they are important because they tell us where we come from.
It is true that knowing our personal heritage doesn’t____39____ (full) define us. However, it can help us find our starting point in life. It can even help us find out the direction in which we wish to go. For example, if we happen to have people in our families____40____have done great things, we might find that we want to further____41____ (they) achievements.
Understanding the cultural heritages, such as homegrown music styles, widely____42____ (celebrate) festivals and unique cooking methods, allows us____43____ (identify) with other communities that have a similar background. Cultural heritages can actually provide us with a sense of belonging and unity within a group. In a sense, the more globalized the world becomes,____44____more important it is not to lose forever these_____45_____ (tradition) roots (根).
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语社开展题为“My Favorite Teacher”的征稿活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.介绍你喜欢的老师；
2.说明你喜欢他/她的理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favorite Teacher
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jane was still sleeping when the phone rang in the living room. She opened her sleepy eyes and looked at the clock on the table. It was already nine o’clock! Although Jane was still very sleepy, she knew she had to get up because her mother was working in her office and she couldn’t expect her younger brother Tom, who was sleeping like a pig, to answer the Phone. She quickly put on a coat and ran to the living room. When she picked up the receiver, on the other end came the warm greeting, “Good morning!”
It was from her father, who was a seaman and rarely came back. Suddenly, Jane’s sleepiness disappeared.
Born in a not-so-rich family, Jane and Tom felt the stress of life, but they were happy to enjoy the family atmosphere. At school, they were straight-A students and took part in various after-school activities. They were the pride of the family.
“Good morning, Dad. Why do you call us so early on the weekend ” Jane said and pretended to be annoyed. “Tom and I have been very nice recently.” “My dear, today is your mother’s birthday, and I have ordered a cake online and it will be sent to our home late in the afternoon. Do remember to take the cake. It is my surprise for your mother.”
Hearing her father’s words, Jane felt a little ashamed. How could she forget her mother’s birthday !
While she was chatting with her father, Jane looked around the room and saw a lot of dirty clothes on the sofa. The floor hadn’t been cleaned for a few days since her mother had to work all this week.
She looked at the clock again and was sure that she still had enough time to prepare a surprise for her mother.
“Well, Dad, now I’m going to wake Tom up. We will give Mum a surprise, too!” Jane said and hung up the telephone.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jane hurried to Tom’s room and shared her plan with him.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Happy birthday, Mum!” Jane and Tom shouted when their mother opened the door.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1~5 ACCAA 6～10 BBCAB 11～15 AACBC 16～20 AACBB
