盐城市亭湖高级中学2023-2024学年度第一学期期末考试
高一年级英语试题
满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will James do tomorrow
A. Give a talk. B. Write a report. C. Watch a TV programme.
2. What did the woman dislike about the movie
A. The picture. B. The actors. C. The plot.
3. What are the speakers probably doing
A Climbing a mountain. B. Visiting a temple. C. Running a race.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a clothing store. B. At the tailor's. C. At the cleaner's.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. An explorer. B. The South Pole. C. An objective.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What musical instrument can Einstein play according to the man
A. The violin. B. The guitar. C. The piano.
7. What will some scientists do when they feel stressed according to the man
A. Do research work. B. Have a good sleep. C. Turn to sports or music.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the conversation about
A. How much technology improved.
B. What life will be like in the future.
C. Why natural resources are running out.
9. What does the man mention at last
A. Smart homes. B. Solar energy. C. Traffic conditions.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why did the man try to make much money in the past
A. To pay for his illness. B. To support poor families. C. To lead a comfortable life.
11. How did the man reduce stress
A. He sold all his cars. B. He changed his house. C. He didn't work any more.
12. How does the man feel about his present life
A. Worried. B. Satisfied. C. Bored.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman feel about the ride called “The Volcano
A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Uninterested.
14. What is the man trying to do
A. Persuade the woman to take the ride.
B. Introduce different rides to the woman.
C. Ask the woman to have pizza for lunch.
15. What do the speakers decide to do
A. Get on the ride. B. Visit a volcano. C. Have lunch.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The man dislikes mushrooms.
B. The woman will treat the man to lunch.
C. The speakers have been to the park before.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What can people do in the “Gravity Chair”
A. See a rocket take off. B. Sleep in a special bed. C. Experience spacewalk.
18. What is the rule of the programmes
A. Visitors must build a rocket.
B. Children under nine can't take part.
C. People have to eat freeze-dried food.
19. What is the ticket price for kids
A. $325. B. $550. C. $875.
20. What is the talk mainly about
A. Space travel. B. Astronauts' life. C. Camp activities.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you’re feeling in the mood for grilled food but don’t have a barbecue, then deciding what product to purchase can be a bit difficult. So to help you get a better understanding of just some of the choices available, here’s our guide to buying a new BBQ.
Charcoal vs Gas
The first decision is how your BBQ is going to be powered. There are essentially two main choices: the traditional way with charcoal, or the quick and convenient way with gas. For those who get frustrated with the process of lighting coals and waiting for them to reach the desired temperature, then gas is the easy option. It’s clean and gets up to temperature in an instant. But for many, the main fun of a barbecue lies in the back-to-basics cooking that hot coal brings natural barbecue fire. You’ll also find a far greater range of charcoal barbecues.
Size
For anyone who likes to throw a garden party with a busy barbecue at the centre of the action, there are some vast grills (烤架) available. But unless you’re regularly feeding the masses, then these BBQ beasts can be impractical. Smaller meals are better suited to smaller equipment, so be realistic about the size that best suits you.
Open grill or lid
While facing the barbecue selection of your nearest retailer, you’ll notice that some of them have lids. These will usually be round and will make you pay more than the lidless options. But if you want the benefit of being able to cook larger items over a longer period of time, such as a whole chicken, then a lid will be essential.
1. Which BBQ is suitable for Jack, who likes back-to-basics cooking and often invites friends to the garden party
A. Gas barbecue in small size. B. Gas barbecue in big size.
C. Charcoal barbecue with big grills. D. Charcoal barbecue with small grills.
2. What is the difference between the open grill and the one with a lid
A. The open grill costs more. B. The open grill looks superior.
C. The open grill is more reliable. D. The open grill is less suitable for larger items.
3. Which column of the magazine is the passage most likely selected from
A. Lifestyle. B. Business. C. Culture. D. Sports.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了选购烧烤架的具体方法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Charcoal vs Gas部分的“But for many, the main fun of a barbecue lies in the back-to-basics cooking that hot coal brings natural barbecue fire. (但对许多人来说，烧烤的主要乐趣在于回归基本的烹饪，热炭带来自然的烧烤火。)”和Size部分的“For anyone who likes to throw a garden party with a busy barbecue at the centre of the action, there are some vast grills (烤架) available. (对于那些喜欢举办花园派对，并在活动中心进行烧烤的人来说，这里有一些大型烧烤架可供选择。)”可知，炭火烧烤适合喜欢回归基本的烹饪的人，大型烧烤架适合喜欢举办花园派对的人，因此Jack应该选择带大型烧烤架的炭火烧烤。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Open grill or lid部分的“But if you want the benefit of being able to cook larger items over a longer period of time, such as a whole chicken, then a lid will be essential. (但如果你想在更长的时间内烹饪体积更大的食物，比如整只鸡，那么盖子将是必不可少的。)”可知，开放式的和带盖式的烤架的区别在于前者不太适合体积较大的食物。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“So to help you get a better understanding of just some of the choices available, here’s our guide to buying a new BBQ. (因此，为了帮助你更好地了解一些可获得的选择，这里是我们购买新烧烤架的指南。)”可知，文章为想要做烧烤、购买烧烤架的人群提供了购买指南，从炭火和燃气、尺寸、开放式和带盖式三个方面具体介绍了选购的方法。因此，文章主要涉及饮食和购物领域，应该会出现在杂志的生活方式栏目里。故选A项。
B
Another person’s enthusiasm — the strong wish and interest to do everything, was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.
I was nine years old when she entered our home in the countryside of Virginia. My father introduced me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is well known for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no later than tomorrow morning.”
My stepmother walked over to me, raised my head slightly upward, and looked at me right into my eyes. Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are wrong. This is not the worst boy at all, but the smartest one who hasn’t yet found a way to give out his enthusiasm.”
That statement began a friendship between us. No one had ever called me smart, my family and neighbors had built me up in my mind as a bad boy. My stepmother changed all that.
She changed many things. She persuaded my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into the county centre, where my father’s career could be more successful and my brother and I could be better educated.
When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand typewriter and told me that she believed that I could become a writer. I knew her enthusiasm, and I saw how it had already improved our lives. I accepted her belief and began to write for local newspapers and finally reached the goal she set for me. I wasn’t the only beneficiary. My father became the wealthiest man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.
4. What’s the following is right before the author’s stepmother came into his life
A. People had noticed his cleverness.
B. His father had been away from home for a long time.
C. He knew how to show his enthusiasm properly.
D. He was considered a rude boy with wild behaviors.
5. Which of the following expressions about the author’s stepmother is NOT right
A. She praised him from the bottom of her heart.
B. She gave some writing lessons to him at home.
C. She moved the family into the centre of the county.
D. She planned the future for each family member.
6. What does the author mean by “I wasn’t the only beneficiary”
A. There were other boys who behaved as badly as he did.
B. His stepmother bought typewriters for other family members, too.
C. Not only he but also his family gained from his stepmother’s enthusiasm.
D. Other family members’ enthusiasm has great effects on his stepmother.
7. Which of the following is best the title of the passage
A. Enthusiasm, a Power for Success B. Enthusiasm, a Challenge for All
C. Enthusiasm, a Gift from my Father D. Enthusiasm, a Tradition in Families
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家因为继母的热情分别取得了成功，作者将自己的成功归功与继母。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“My father introduced me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is well known for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no later than tomorrow morning.”(父亲把我介绍给她时说：“我想让你见见这个家伙，他是这个县里出了名的最坏的男孩，他可能最迟明天早上就会向你扔石头。”)”可知，在作者的继母进入他的生活之前，被认为是一个行为粗野的粗鲁男孩。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are wrong. This is not the worst boy at all, but the smartest one who hasn’t yet found a way to give out his enthusiasm.”(然后她看着我父亲，回答说；“你错了。这根本不是最坏的孩子，而是最聪明的孩子，只是还没有找到释放自己热情的方法。”)”；倒数第二段“She persuaded my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into the county centre, where my father’s career could be more successful and my brother and I could be better educated.(她说服我父亲去了一所牙科学校，他以优异的成绩毕业。她把我们家搬到了县中心，在那里父亲的事业可能会更成功，我和哥哥可以接受更好的教育)”以及最后一段“When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand typewriter and told me that she believed that I could become a writer.(当我14岁时，她给我买了一台二手打字机，并告诉我她相信我能成为一名作家)”和“My father became the wealthiest man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.(我父亲成了镇上最富有的人。我的兄弟和继兄弟分别当了医生、牙医、律师和大学校长)”可知，A选项“她从心底里表扬了他”、C选项“她把家搬到了县城的中心”以及D选项“她为每个家庭成员计划未来”文章都提到了，B选项没有提及，故B选项“她在家给他上了一些写作课”不正确。故选B。
【6题详解】
句意猜测题。根据划线句后文“My father became the wealthiest man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.(我父亲成了镇上最富有的人。我的兄弟和继兄弟分别当了医生、牙医、律师和大学校长)”可知，作者的家人都因为继母的热情而获得了成功，故作者所说的“我不是唯一的受益者”意思是不仅作者，他的家人也都从他继母的热情中获益。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Another person’s enthusiasm — the strong wish and interest to do everything, was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.(另一个人的热情——做任何事情的强烈愿望和兴趣，是我走向成功的力量。那个人就是我的继母)”结合文章主要讲述了作者一家因为继母的热情分别取得了成功，作者将自己的成功归功与继母。可知，A选项“热情——一种成功的力量”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
Art may not be a uniquely human patent. Apes (猿), monkeys, elephants, dolphins and even rabbits can be encouraged to express themselves via pencil and paper.
New research on the artistic efforts of apes suggests that their work varies according to changes in the world around them. The new study, published in the journal Animals, focuses on hundreds of drawings produced by five female apes at Japan’s Tama Zoological Park, where keepers provided them with crayons and paper over many years as part of a behavioural enrichment programme.
One of the apes, named Molly, was especially productive. She only started drawing on her 54th birthday, but from that point on, until her death five years later, she produced about 1,300 pictures. She drew almost every day, creating more complex pictures than her companions. “I don’t know if we can describe her as a genius,” says Sueur, a biologist in the park. “Such differences are often observed between individuals of a species, with some smarter than others.” Sueur and his colleagues identified individual differences between the apes’ artistic styles, in terms of their preferred colors, the types of shapes they drew and the space they filled on the paper. Only Molly routinely filled most of the space available.
Molly’s style changed with the season too. In summer and winter, greens dominated her pictures, but she switched to pinks and purples in spring and autumn. Appealingly, she opted for red whenever another female in the group was giving birth, which may indicate that her paintings are something more than purely abstract.
“We’ve tried not to overinterpret,” says Sueur. “It could be earlier representational art.” The biologists suggest that apes may provide clues to the development of artistic skills in humans. Like children, and unlike other species known to put pen to paper, the apes needed no reward to participate in the task, suggesting that they enjoy it for its own interest.
8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Female animals are talented at the creation of art.
B. The artistic style of animals remains unchanged.
C. Some animals can develop artistic skills like humans.
D. Animals are capable of creating masterpieces through efforts.
9. How does Sueur think about Molly
A. Talented. B. Human-like. C. Open-minded. D. Competitive.
10. What might be the influence of the research
A. Help people know better about apes.
B. Gain a new perspective of the evolution of art.
C. Better protect the friends of humans-animals.
D. Appeal to humans to learn from apes.
11. What can be concluded from apes’ acquiring artistic skills
A. Work hard, play hard. B. Well begun is half done.
C. Look before you leap. D. Interest is the best teacher.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于猿类艺术创作的新研究。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Art may not be a uniquely human patent. Apes (猿), monkeys, elephants, dolphins and even rabbits can be encouraged to express themselves via pencil and paper. (艺术也许不是人类独有的专利。猿猴、猴子、大象、海豚甚至兔子都可以被鼓励用铅笔和纸来表达自己。)”和第二段中“New research on the artistic efforts of apes suggests that their work varies according to changes in the world around them. (一项关于猿类艺术创作的新研究表明，它们的作品会随着周围环境的变化而变化。)”可知，有些动物可以像人类一样发展艺术技能。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中““I don’t know if we can describe her as a genius,” says Sueur, a biologist in the park. (“我不知道我们是否能把她称为天才，”公园里的生物学家Sueur说。)”可知，Sueur认为Molly是有才能的。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“ “We’ve tried not to overinterpret,” says Sueur. “It could be earlier representational art.” The biologists suggest that apes may provide clues to the development of artistic skills in humans. (“我们尽量不要过度解读，”Sueur说。“可能是早期的具象艺术。”生物学家认为，类人猿可能为人类艺术技能的发展提供了线索。)”可知，这项研究可能获得艺术进化的新视角。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Like children, and unlike other species known to put pen to paper, the apes needed no reward to participate in the task, suggesting that they enjoy it for its own interest. (像孩子一样，不像其他已知的会写字的物种，猿类参与这项任务不需要奖励，这表明它们为了自己的利益而享受这项任务。)”可知，从猿类获得艺术技能可以得出兴趣是最好的老师的结论。故选D。
D
Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence (AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of individual chimpanzees (黑猩猩) in the wild. The new software will allow researcher and wildlife conservationists to greatly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published today in Science Advances.
“For species like chimpanzees, which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting photos of their behavior from short-term field research can only tell us so much.” says Dan Sehofield, researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University’s Primate Models Lab, School of Anthropology. “By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files, it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term.”
The computers model was trained using over 10 million images (影像) from Kyoto University’s Primate Research Institute (PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea, West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individuals in a wide range of posed, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality.
“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use the newest deep neural networks to train models at a scale that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrani, co-author of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford. “Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to raw videos with limited manual intervention (人工干预) or pre-processing, saving hours of time.”
The technology has potential for many uses, such as monitoring species for conservation. Although the present application focused on chimpanzees, the software provided could be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.
12. What’s the purpose of developing the new software
A. To save wildlife researchers’ time spent in the wild.
B. To keep track of wildlife conservationists’ behavior.
C. To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer.
D. To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.
13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Getting photos. B. Analyzing videos.
C. The new AI software. D. A powerful machine.
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The unique advantages of the new software.
B. Some limitations of using the new software.
C. The working principles of the new software.
D. Controversial attitudes to the new software.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The new software has a quite bright future.
B. The application of the technology can be tough.
C. Technology is the final goal of scientific research.
D. AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的人工智能软件，可以识别和追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部特征。这款新软件是第一个可以连续跟踪和识别各种姿势的软件，在低光照和低图像质量等困难条件下都能实现高精度。文章说明了软件的一些优势以及未来可应用的用途。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence (AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of individual chimpanzees in the wild.可知，牛津大学的科学家们开发了一种新的人工智能软件，可以识别和追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部特征。由此可知，开发新软件的目的是识别和追踪野生黑猩猩的脸。故选D。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term.可知，这种人工智能软件使得长期测量黑猩猩的行为成为可能。由此可知，“it”一词指的是新的人工智能软件。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use the newest deep neural networks to train models at a scale that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrani, co-author of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford. “Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to raw videos with limited manual intervention or pre-processing, saving hours of time.”可知，该研究的作者之一、牛津大学工程科学系的哲学博士研究生Arsha Nagrani说：“通过访问这个大的视频文件，我们可以使用最新的深度神经网络来训练模型，其规模在以前是不可能的。此外，我们的新软件与以前的灵长类面部识别软件不同，它可以应用于原始视频，只需要有限的人工干预或预处理，节省了大量时间。”由此可知，第四段主要讲了这款新软件的独特优势。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Although the present application focused on chimpanzees, the software provided could be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.可知，尽管目前的应用主要集中在黑猩猩身上，但所提供的软件也可以应用于其他物种，并有助于推动人工智能系统的应用，以解决野生动物科学中的一系列问题。由此可推知，这种新软件前途很光明。故选A。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Failure is likely the most tiring experience one ever has. There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding. ____16____
In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. ____17____
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them alphabetically, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the most difficult task of essay-writing. The experience proved that the rule works.
____18____ Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can then let the unconsciousness (无意识) take over.
When planning Encyclopedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Day after day, I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. _____19_____One day, mentally exhausted, I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. ____20____ In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
A My fatigue became almost unbearable.
B. I felt depressed and gave it up eventually.
C. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
D. Use your unconsciousness and you can reduce your tiredness.
E. An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.
F. The solution is not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
G. Here are two ways of exhaustion ——start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. C 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。围绕失败、疲劳和成功的关系展开论述，以亲身经历为例提出措施如何解决启动疲劳和执行疲劳。
【16题详解】
根据上文“There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding.(没有什么比不成功更累的了)”和下文“In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult.(在前一种情况下，我们总是推迟一项任务，因为它要么太无聊，要么太难)”可知，空格处应指出疲惫感分为两种情况，引出下文。选项G“Here are two ways of exhaustion ——start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.(由两种方式的疲劳：启动疲劳和执行疲劳)”指出了两种疲劳，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. (在前一种情况下，我们不断推迟一项任务，因为它要么太无聊，要么太难。拖延得越久，我们就越觉得累。这种创业疲劳是非常真实的，即使不是身体上的，也不是肌肉和骨骼上的。)”可推知，我们会因为拖延太无聊、太难的工作而感到疲惫不堪。选项F“The solution is not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.(这种解决方案是不容易采用的：总是先处理最困难的工作)”提出了一个解决这种情况的办法，即先处理最困难的事，符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again.”（虽然我们愿意开始，但似乎不能把工作做好。无论我们多么努力，它的困难都显得如此之大，以致于我们一次又一次地失败。）可知，此处讲述另一种疲劳——表现疲劳。选项C意为“Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.(表现疲劳更难处理。)”符合本段段意，故选C。
【19题详解】
上文“When planning Encyclopedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Day after day, I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked.(在规划《大英百科全书》时，我必须根据文章的主题创建一个目录。日复一日，我不断想出解决办法，但没有一个奏效。)”讲述作者在做一项任务时，日复一日的想不出可行的办法，选项A “My fatigue became almost unbearable.( 我的疲劳几乎无法忍受。)”承接上文，总是想不出解决办法，让我疲惫不堪，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“One day, mentally exhausted, I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.(一天，我精疲力尽，试着说服自己，麻烦出在问题本身，而不是我。我松了一口气，靠在安乐椅上睡着了。)”和下文“In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind and proved correct at every step.”（在接下来的几个星期里，在我的潜意识里想出了解决办法，而且每一步都证明是正确的。）可知，此空处讲述的作者睡着了，如释重负，醒来有了解决办法，选项E“An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. (一个小时后，我突然醒来，脑海中清晰地浮现出解决方案。)”承上启下，躺在安乐椅上睡着了，醒来之后，有了解决的方法，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Paul Calderbank was homeless and was in need of help. It could have been so easy for him to take all the money from a ____21____ he had found. He, however, decided to do the right thing because his honesty of doing the right thing was far more important than ____22____. But Paul didn’t just go out of his way to ____23____ the wallet to the police. He made sure it ended up in the right ____24____—its owner, Daisy Owen.
After a fun night out with friends, Daisy couldn’t find her wallet. She did everything she could think of and finally ____25____, thinking someone had likely found it and stolen its ____26____. Actually she would be blessed (赐福) by Paul’s ____27____!
Paul spent two days searching for Daisy when he ran into one of Daisy’s friends. The friend ____28____ message Daisy. “I am so happy and ____29____ him. He is now living: in a hostel (临时收容所), yet took no money out of it,” said Daisy. But then she read the ____30____ Paul put in the wallet about wanting to do the right thing. All of a sudden Daisy knew what she ____31____ to do in return. She started a Go-Fund-Me page explaining that Paul found her lost wallet and his current ____32____ situation. She was determined to put a roof over his head. She was hoping to ____33____ $1,500. To her great surprise, she received over $5,000 to help Paul get a(n) ____34____.
It’s easy to imagine the worst of people. But each one of us can make a difference, just like Paul did, by displaying ____35____ in us.
21.
A. bin B. wallet C. bowl D. car
22.
A. hiding B. sharing C. tricking D. stealing
23.
A. hand in B. pull out C. pick up D. leave behind
24.
A. forms B. arms C. hands D. conditions
25.
A. cheered up B. gave up C. slowed down D. backed down
26.
A. photos B. tickets C. materials D. contents
27.
A. plans B. efforts C. feelings D. characters
28.
A. immediately B. suddenly C. unhurriedly D. continuously
29.
A. believe B. remember C. thank D. understand
30.
A. bill B. note C. invitation D. proposal
31.
A. agreed B. promised C. happened D. needed
32.
A. homeless B. awkward C. unusual D. surprising
33.
A. borrow B. donate C. make D. raise
34.
A. page B. account C. flat D. job
35.
A. kindness B. courage C. pride D. strength
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了无家可归的保罗捡到了一个钱包，努力把钱包还给了失主，而失主也为他筹款找到了一所公寓。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他可以很容易地从他找到的钱包里拿走所有的钱。A. bin垃圾桶；B. wallet钱包；C. bowl碗；D. car汽车。根据后文“the wallet to the police”可知，他捡到了一个钱包。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意:然而，他决定做正确的事，因为他诚实地做正确的事比偷窃重要得多。A. hiding隐藏；B. sharing分享；C. tricking戏弄；D. stealing偷窃。根据后文“thinking someone had likely found it and stolen it”可知，捡到钱包拿走里面的东西是偷窃的行为。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是保罗并没有特意把钱包交给警察。A. hand in上交；B. pull out退出；C. pick up捡起；D. leave behind留下。根据后文“the wallet to the police”指把钱包上交警察。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他确保它最终落入了正确的人手中——它的主人黛西·欧文。A. forms形式；B. arms胳膊；C. hands手；D. conditions条件。根据后文“its owner, Daisy Owen”可知，他确保它最终落入了正确的人手中——它的主人黛西·欧文。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她想尽了一切办法，最后还是放弃了，她觉得很可能有人发现了它，偷走了里面的东西。A. cheered up欢呼；B. gave up放弃；C. slowed down减速；D. backed down撤回。根据后文“thinking someone had likely found it and stolen its”可知，钱包的主人放弃了找到钱包的可能，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她想尽了一切办法，最后还是放弃了，她觉得很可能有人发现了它，偷走了里面的东西。A. photos照片；B. tickets车票；C. materials材料；D. contents所含物。根据上文“thinking someone had likely found it and stolen its”此处指发现钱包，偷走里面的东西，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她会被保罗的努力所祝福！A. plans计划；B. efforts努力；C. feelings感觉；D. characters性格。根据后文“Paul spent two days searching for Daisy when he ran into one of Daisy’s friends.(保罗花了两天时间寻找黛西，这时他遇到了黛西的一个朋友)”可知，此处指保罗找到失主的努力。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位朋友立即给黛西发了信息。A. immediately立即；B. suddenly突然；C. unhurriedly不慌不忙地；D. continuously持续地。根据常识，钱包找到了，朋友立刻发信息给物主。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴，谢谢他。A. believe相信；B. remember记得；C. thank感谢；D. understand理解。根据常识，别人归还了丢失的钱包，应感谢对方。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来她读到了保罗放在钱包里的纸条，上面写着要做正确的事。A. bill账单；B. note纸条；C. invitation邀请；D. proposal提议。根据后文“Paul put in the wallet about wanting to do the right thing”以及选项，可推测保罗留下的是纸条。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：黛西突然知道她需要做什么作为回报。A. agreed同意；B. promised承诺；C. happened发生；D. needed需要。根据后文“to do in return”指需要做什么来回报对方。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她创建了一个Go-Fund-Me页面，解释说保罗找到了她丢失的钱包，以及他现在无家可归的处境。A. homeless无家可归的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. surprising惊人的。呼应上文“Paul Calderbank was homeless and was in need of help.”指保罗无家可归的处境。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望能筹到1500美元。A. borrow借来；B. donate捐赠；C. make制作；D. raise筹集。根据上文“She started a Go-Fund-Me page”指为保罗筹款，故选D。
34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令她非常惊讶的是，她收到了5000多美元来帮助保罗得到一套公寓。A. page页面；B. account账户；C. flat公寓；D. job工作。根据上文“She was determined to put a roof over his head.(她决心给他一个栖身之所)”以及选项，可知flat最符合语境。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我们每个人都可以做出改变，就像保罗所做的那样，通过展示我们内心的善良。A. kindness善良；B. courage勇气；C. pride骄傲；D. strength力量。根据上文“just like Paul did, by displaying”可知，要像保罗那样，展示内心的善良。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I tend to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home because the forest scenery is ____36____ (fantasy) no matter what the season. This morning I was driving ____37____ (slow) than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery. ____38____ (amaze) to see a buck deer (公鹿) standing in the middle of the road, I came to ____39____ full stop and for a few seconds stared at the deer. His eyes seemed wise and were smiling at me. Finally, I ____40____ (wave) to him to go on. He then leapt across the road, up the hill and back into the woods.
Most of us rush through this life not knowing the very thing ____41____ we are missing. The next time you find ____42____ (you) going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sunrise over the horizon and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them ____43____ tell them that you love them. If you do, your life ____44____ (be) so much better and more beautiful. And you might even end up not ______45______ (hit) a deer on your way home.
【答案】36. fantastic
37. more slowly
38. Amazed 39. a
40. waved 41. that
42. yourself
43. and 44. will be
45. hitting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者开车选择慢慢前行，他欣赏到了美丽的风景，还遇到了一只公鹿，他从这件事中明白了要放慢生活节奏，花时间享受美妙时光。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当我在家乡的山上开车的时候，我总是开得很慢，因为不管什么季节，森林的景色都是极好的。空处在句中作表语，所以用形容词fantastic，意为“极好的，了不起的”。故填fantastic。
【37题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：今天早上我开车比平时更慢了，因为三月初的一场雪让路变得很滑。空处应用副词，修饰动词driving。slow的副词是slowly。再根据空后的than usual可知，这里表示比较，应用slowly的比较级more slowly。故填more slowly。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：惊奇地看到一只公鹿站在马路中间，我停了下来，盯着那只鹿看了几秒钟。空处应用形容词作状语，说明主语I的感受，所以应用形容词amazed“大为惊奇的，惊讶的”，因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Amazed。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意参考上题。come to a stop为固定搭配，意为“停止”。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：最后，我向他挥手让他继续前行。空处为句子谓语，根据上下文时态可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填waved。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我们大多数人匆匆忙忙地度过这一生，却不知道自己错过了什么。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词为thing，其前有the very修饰，关系词在从句中作missing的宾语，所以用关系代词that。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：下次你发现自己太快时，慢下来。当宾语和主语指代同一个时，宾语使用反身代词。此处指你发现你自己太快的时候，所以用反身代词yourself(你自己)。故填yourself。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：花点时间看看你的孩子，拥抱他们，并告诉他们你爱他们。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，look..., hug...和tell...为并列关系，所以用连词and。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：如果你这样做了，你的生活就会变得更好、更美好。根据“主将从现”规则，If引导的条件状语从句使用了一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故填will be。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你甚至可能在回家的路上不会撞到一只鹿。end up doing...意为“最终做……”，故填hitting。
第四部分基础知识（共三节，满分25分）
第一节 （每小题1分，共5分）
从方框中选出合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填空，其中有两个词是多余的
explore recognize achieve previous benefit dependent annual
46. A good diet is________ to health.
47. The old man has a physical examination ________.
48. An Olympic gold medal is an amazing________ for one so young.
49. Now that you have reached the age of 18, you should be________ of your parents.
50. With the continuous development of technology, more and more people are eager________ mysterious space.
【答案】46. beneficial
47. annually
48. achievement
49. independent
50. to explore
【解析】
46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：良好的饮食对健康有益。空处应用形容词，作表语。根据句意，这里表示良好的饮食对健康有益。应用benefit的形容词形式beneficial，意为“有利的，有帮助的”，be beneficial to...表示“对……有利”。故填beneficial。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：这位老人每年都要做一次体检。分析句子结构，空处应用副词，修饰谓语。根据空前的“The old man has a physical examination”可知，这位老人每年都体检。应用形容词annual(每年的)的副词形式annually，意为“一年一次地，年度地，每年地”。故填annually。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：对于这么年轻的人来说，获得奥运金牌是一项了不起的成就。空处应用名词作表语。根据空前的“An Olympic gold medal is an amazing”可知，获得奥运金牌是一项了不起的成就。应用动词achieve(实现)的名词形式achievement，意为“成就”。故填achievement。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在你已经年满18岁了，你应该不依赖父母。根据句中的“you have reached the age of 18”可知，年满18岁应该不依赖父母。dependent意为“依靠的，依赖的”，其反义词为independent，意为“独立的，自立的”。be independent of意为“不依赖”，为固定搭配。故填independent。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着技术的不断发展，越来越多的人渴望探索神秘的空间。根据空后的“mysterious space”可知，这里表示探索神秘的空间，应用及物动词explore，意为“探索”。be eager to do...意为“渴望做某事”，为固定用法。故填to explore。
第二节 用学过的短语并用其正确的形式填空（每题1分，共10分）
51. When you ________ (能够处理)the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】rise to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当你能够处理挑战时，你将有机会获得伟大的知识和享受个人成长。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用动词短语rise to作时间状语从句中谓语动词，表示“能够处理，成功应对”，结合主句一般将来时态可推知，从句中应用一般现在时，又因与主语you之间是主动关系，所以谓语动词rise to用一般现在时主动语态，复数形式。故填rise to。
52. I should also encourage him to take action to________________(克服) these difficulties. （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】get over
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我也应该鼓励他采取行动克服这些困难。根据空前的不定式符号to，其后应跟动词原形。结合汉语提示可知，此处应用动词短语get over。故填get over。
53. To me, a good friend ________ (使显现) the best in a person. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】brings out
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：对我来说，好朋友能激发出一个人最好的一面。分析句子可知，汉语提示“使显现”在句中作谓语，可用动词短语bring out表示，根据句意可知，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，又因主语a good friend是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式，综上，谓语动词bring out应使用一般现在时态，单数形式。故填brings out。
54. She then________________(昏迷，失去知觉) in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital. （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】passed out
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：随后，她在早上的体育课上昏倒了，被紧急送往医院。空处在句中作谓语，结合汉语提示，“昏迷，失去知觉”可表示为pass out，为不及物动词短语。根据句中的then和was rushed可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填passed out。
55. The bus ____________ (停了下来) as Mrs. Gump prepares Forrest for his first day of school. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】pulls up
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：公共汽车停下来，Gump太太为Forrest第一天上学做准备。根据汉语提示可知，pull up“（司机或车辆）停车，停止”，根据从句中“prepares”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语“bus”是名词单数，谓语动词用单数，故填pulls up。
56. Remember to drink water throughout exercise ________(弥补) water lost to sweat. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】to make up for
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和动词不定式。句意：记得在运动过程中喝水，以补充因出汗而流失的水分。表示“弥补”应用动词短语make up for。根据“drink water throughout exercise”和“water lost to sweat”可知，此处是指为了补充因出汗而流失的水分，所以应用to do不定式，作目的状语。故填to make up for。
57. The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated ________________(为向……表示敬意) of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China. （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】in honour of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：例如，端午节是为了纪念中国古代战国时期的伟大诗人屈原。本句的谓语是is celebrated，空处应用介词短语，和后面的部分一起作状语。“为向……表示敬意”可表示为in honour of。故填in honour of。
58. No doubt, ________(凭借) his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】drawing on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，曹雪芹根据自己的亲身经历，详细描述了当时的生活。“凭借”是固定短语draw on，句中谓语是gives，空格处用非谓语动词，Cao Xueqin和draw on是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填drawing on。
59. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, ________(更不用说) the thousands of props inside. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】not to mention
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个精致的模型花了500名工人100天的时间，更不用说里面成千上万的道具了。表示“更不用说”应用not to mention。故填not to mention。
60. Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when to ________ ________ (承认错误) and when to ask your parents to relax their control. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. back ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：通过这种健康的讨论，你将学会什么时候承认错误，什么时候让父母放松对你的控制。根据汉语提示，back down表示“承认错误；认输”，此处用是“疑问副词+不定式”结构作并列宾语，to是不定式符号，故填back down。
第三节 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每小题1分，满分10分）
61. Huge amounts of money ______ (spend) on the new bridge up to now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been spent
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，在这座新桥上已经花了大量的钱。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语up to now“到目前为止”可知，时态应用现在完成时，spend“花费”和主语Huge amounts of money之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，“amounts of+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语用复数形式，因此助动词用have。故填have been spent。
62. Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：玛利亚写了2本小说，两本都被拍成了电视连续剧。先行词是 novels，在定语从句中做介词of的宾语，指物，用which引导定语从句，故填which。
63. If you would like to place a special order, just call me at your________(convenient). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】convenience
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你想下特别订单，你方便时就给我打电话。空处应用名词，作at的宾语。convenience意为“方便”，为不可数名词。at one’s convenience意为“在某人方便时”，为固定搭配。故填convenience。
64. However, the high speed train has made______ much more convenient for them to go back home. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：然而，高速列车让他们回家更加方便。分析句子结构可知，空处缺made的宾语，结合句意可知，高速列车让他们回家更加方便，动词不定式“to go back home”是真正的宾语，故空处缺形式宾语it。故填it。
65. Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“销售经理是一个职位,在这个职位上,交流能力和销售能力一样重要。”分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词position，先行词指抽象地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
66. Tai Chi has taught me to relax my mind, ________ (enable) me to stay cool in stressful situation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】enabling
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：太极教会我放松我的头脑，使我在紧张的情况下保持冷静。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Tai Chi 与enable之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填enabling，
67. Close friendships will help smooth________ the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】out
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：亲密的友谊将有助于铺平我们本应走的有时崎岖不平的道路。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语smooth out意为“使平滑：将（某物）变得平滑或平坦”。故填out。
68. ______ measures are considered appropriate to be taken, it is essential that they are explained to the public. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Though##Although
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然采取的措施被认为是适当的，但向公众解释这些措施是必要的。结合句意可知，空格前后的内容是让步转折关系，空格处用连词though或although，表示“虽然、尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although。
69. Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said ________(invent) tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to have invented
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式的完成式。句意：据说，13世纪的道家张三峰是从蛇和鸟之间的战斗中汲取灵感后发明了太极拳。根据句意，张三丰先从蛇和鸟之间的战斗中汲取灵感，然后发明了太极拳，表示过去发生的事对现在的影响，故用完成时(have done)。根据句子结构，表示“据说做某事”，故用be said to do sth.，设空处应用不定式。结合时态，故用不定式的完成式，故填to have invented。
70. The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors _________ (jump) up and down in front of a green screen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】jumping
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：《哈利·波特》系列电影中的魁地奇场景就是这样拍摄的，演员们在绿色屏幕前跳上跳下。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，因动词jump和the actors为主动关系，所以为现在分词作宾补。故填jumping。
第五部分 写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，你的英国网友Tom对中国传统节日非常感兴趣，他写信向你询问。请你根据以下要点，给他写一封回信，向他介绍一个你最喜爱的节日。
要点：1.节日的名称、时间；
2.节日的庆祝方式；
3. 邀请他来体验。
注意：1.词数：100词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I’m delighted to know you are interested in traditional Chinese festival. You must have never heard of Chong Yang Festival, but it is actually my favorite. It falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Since nine is the largest single number, it is viewed as Senior Citizens’ Day. People often do activities like going hiking and admiring flowers on this day.
As for me I had never thought about doing anything for the elderly until I learned about the festival at school. Our teacher asked us to do a nice thing for our grandparents. For the first time in my life, I washed my grandma’s feet. I’ll never forget the sweet smile she wore and the happiness I felt.
You see, I like Chong Yang Festival not just because of the popular activities. I sincerely invite you to come to experience it by yourself. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。按要求写一封回信, 介绍一个你最喜爱的节日。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 假定你是李华，你的英国网友Tom对中国传统节日非常感兴趣，他写信向你询问。请你根据以下要点，给他写一封回信，向他介绍一个你最喜爱的节日。
要点：1.节日的名称、时间；2.节日的庆祝方式；3. 邀请他来体验。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：be delighted（高兴）；be interested in（感兴趣）；heard of（听说）；lunar month （农历）；admiring flowers （赏花）；serve as（担任）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Since nine is the largest single number, it is viewed as Senior Citizens’ Day.运用了原因状语从句；The most important reason is that it served as reminder that I should do something to show my appreciation to my grandparents’ love for me.运用了表语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。盐城市亭湖高级中学2023-2024学年度第一学期期末考试
高一年级英语试题
满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will James do tomorrow
A. Give a talk. B. Write a report. C. Watch a TV programme.
2. What did the woman dislike about the movie
A. The picture. B. The actors. C. The plot.
3. What are the speakers probably doing
A. Climbing a mountain. B. Visiting a temple. C. Running a race.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a clothing store. B. At the tailor's. C. At the cleaner's.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. An explorer. B. The South Pole. C. An objective.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What musical instrument can Einstein play according to the man
A. The violin. B. The guitar. C. The piano.
7. What will some scientists do when they feel stressed according to the man
A. Do research work. B. Have a good sleep. C. Turn to sports or music.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the conversation about
A. How much technology improved.
B. What life will be like in the future.
C Why natural resources are running out.
9 What does the man mention at last
A. Smart homes. B. Solar energy. C. Traffic conditions.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why did the man try to make much money in the past
A. To pay for his illness. B. To support poor families. C. To lead a comfortable life.
11. How did the man reduce stress
A. He sold all his cars. B. He changed his house. C. He didn't work any more.
12. How does the man feel about his present life
A. Worried. B. Satisfied. C. Bored.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman feel about the ride called “The Volcano
A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Uninterested.
14. What is the man trying to do
A. Persuade the woman to take the ride.
B. Introduce different rides to the woman.
C. Ask the woman to have pizza for lunch.
15. What do the speakers decide to do
A. Get on the ride. B. Visit a volcano. C. Have lunch.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The man dislikes mushrooms.
B. The woman will treat the man to lunch.
C. The speakers have been to the park before.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What can people do in the “Gravity Chair”
A. See a rocket take off. B. Sleep in a special bed. C. Experience spacewalk.
18. What is the rule of the programmes
A. Visitors must build a rocket.
B. Children under nine can't take part.
C. People have to eat freeze-dried food.
19. What is the ticket price for kids
A. $325. B. $550. C. $875.
20. What is the talk mainly about
A. Space travel. B. Astronauts' life. C. Camp activities.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you’re feeling in the mood for grilled food but don’t have a barbecue, then deciding what product to purchase can be a bit difficult. So to help you get a better understanding of just some of the choices available, here’s our guide to buying a new BBQ.
Charcoal vs Gas
The first decision is how your BBQ is going to be powered. There are essentially two main choices: the traditional way with charcoal, or the quick and convenient way with gas. For those who get frustrated with the process of lighting coals and waiting for them to reach the desired temperature, then gas is the easy option. It’s clean and gets up to temperature in an instant. But for many, the main fun of a barbecue lies in the back-to-basics cooking that hot coal brings natural barbecue fire. You’ll also find a far greater range of charcoal barbecues.
Size
For anyone who likes to throw a garden party with a busy barbecue at the centre of the action, there are some vast grills (烤架) available. But unless you’re regularly feeding the masses, then these BBQ beasts can be impractical. Smaller meals are better suited to smaller equipment, so be realistic about the size that best suits you.
Open grill or lid
While facing the barbecue selection of your nearest retailer, you’ll notice that some of them have lids. These will usually be round and will make you pay more than the lidless options. But if you want the benefit of being able to cook larger items over a longer period of time, such as a whole chicken, then a lid will be essential.
1. Which BBQ is suitable for Jack, who likes back-to-basics cooking and often invites friends to the garden party
A. Gas barbecue in small size. B. Gas barbecue in big size.
C. Charcoal barbecue with big grills. D. Charcoal barbecue with small grills.
2. What is the difference between the open grill and the one with a lid
A. The open grill costs more. B. The open grill looks superior.
C. The open grill is more reliable. D. The open grill is less suitable for larger items.
3. Which column of the magazine is the passage most likely selected from
A. Lifestyle. B. Business. C. Culture. D. Sports.
B
Another person’s enthusiasm — the strong wish and interest to do everything, was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.
I was nine years old when she entered our home in the countryside of Virginia. My father introduced me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is well known for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no later than tomorrow morning.”
My stepmother walked over to me, raised my head slightly upward, and looked at me right into my eyes. Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are wrong. This is not the worst boy at all, but the smartest one who hasn’t yet found a way to give out his enthusiasm.”
That statement began a friendship between us. No one had ever called me smart, my family and neighbors had built me up in my mind as a bad boy. My stepmother changed all that.
She changed many things. She persuaded my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into the county centre, where my father’s career could be more successful and my brother and I could be better educated.
When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand typewriter and told me that she believed that I could become a writer. I knew her enthusiasm, and I saw how it had already improved our lives. I accepted her belief and began to write for local newspapers and finally reached the goal she set for me. I wasn’t the only beneficiary. My father became the wealthiest man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.
4. What’s the following is right before the author’s stepmother came into his life
A. People had noticed his cleverness.
B. His father had been away from home for a long time.
C. He knew how to show his enthusiasm properly.
D. He was considered a rude boy with wild behaviors.
5. Which of the following expressions about the author’s stepmother is NOT right
A. She praised him from the bottom of her heart.
B. She gave some writing lessons to him at home.
C. She moved the family into the centre of the county.
D. She planned the future for each family member.
6. What does the author mean by “I wasn’t the only beneficiary”
A. There were other boys who behaved as badly as he did.
B. His stepmother bought typewriters for other family members, too.
C. Not only he but also his family gained from his stepmother’s enthusiasm.
D. Other family members’ enthusiasm has great effects on his stepmother.
7. Which of the following is best the title of the passage
A. Enthusiasm, a Power for Success B. Enthusiasm, a Challenge for All
C. Enthusiasm, a Gift from my Father D. Enthusiasm, a Tradition in Families
C
Art may not be a uniquely human patent. Apes (猿), monkeys, elephants, dolphins and even rabbits can be encouraged to express themselves via pencil and paper.
New research on the artistic efforts of apes suggests that their work varies according to changes in the world around them. The new study, published in the journal Animals, focuses on hundreds of drawings produced by five female apes at Japan’s Tama Zoological Park, where keepers provided them with crayons and paper over many years as part of a behavioural enrichment programme.
One of the apes, named Molly, was especially productive. She only started drawing on her 54th birthday, but from that point on, until her death five years later, she produced about 1,300 pictures. She drew almost every day, creating more complex pictures than her companions. “I don’t know if we can describe her as a genius,” says Sueur, a biologist in the park. “Such differences are often observed between individuals of a species, with some smarter than others.” Sueur and his colleagues identified individual differences between the apes’ artistic styles, in terms of their preferred colors, the types of shapes they drew and the space they filled on the paper. Only Molly routinely filled most of the space available.
Molly’s style changed with the season too. In summer and winter, greens dominated her pictures, but she switched to pinks and purples in spring and autumn. Appealingly, she opted for red whenever another female in the group was giving birth, which may indicate that her paintings are something more than purely abstract.
“We’ve tried not to overinterpret,” says Sueur. “It could be earlier representational art.” The biologists suggest that apes may provide clues to the development of artistic skills in humans. Like children, and unlike other species known to put pen to paper, the apes needed no reward to participate in the task, suggesting that they enjoy it for its own interest.
8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Female animals are talented at the creation of art.
B. The artistic style of animals remains unchanged.
C. Some animals can develop artistic skills like humans.
D. Animals are capable of creating masterpieces through efforts.
9. How does Sueur think about Molly
A. Talented. B. Human-like. C. Open-minded. D. Competitive.
10. What might be the influence of the research
A. Help people know better about apes.
B. Gain a new perspective of the evolution of art.
C. Better protect the friends of humans-animals.
D. Appeal to humans to learn from apes.
11. What can be concluded from apes’ acquiring artistic skills
A. Work hard, play hard. B. Well begun is half done.
C. Look before you leap. D. Interest is the best teacher.
D
Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence (AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of individual chimpanzees (黑猩猩) in the wild. The new software will allow researcher and wildlife conservationists to greatly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published today in Science Advances.
“For species like chimpanzees, which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting photos of their behavior from short-term field research can only tell us so much.” says Dan Sehofield, researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University’s Primate Models Lab, School of Anthropology. “By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files, it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term.”
The computers model was trained using over 10 million images (影像) from Kyoto University’s Primate Research Institute (PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea, West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individuals in a wide range of posed, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality.
“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use the newest deep neural networks to train models at a scale that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrani, co-author of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford. “Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to raw videos with limited manual intervention (人工干预) or pre-processing, saving hours of time.”
The technology has potential for many uses, such as monitoring species for conservation. Although the present application focused on chimpanzees, the software provided could be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.
12. What’s the purpose of developing the new software
A. To save wildlife researchers’ time spent in the wild.
B. To keep track of wildlife conservationists’ behavior.
C. To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer.
D. To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.
13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Getting photos. B. Analyzing videos.
C. The new AI software. D. A powerful machine.
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The unique advantages of the new software.
B. Some limitations of using the new software.
C. The working principles of the new software.
D. Controversial attitudes to the new software.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The new software has a quite bright future.
B. The application of the technology can be tough.
C. Technology is the final goal of scientific research.
D. AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Failure is likely the most tiring experience one ever has. There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding. ____16____
In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. ____17____
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them alphabetically, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the most difficult task of essay-writing. The experience proved that the rule works.
____18____ Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can then let the unconsciousness (无意识) take over.
When planning Encyclopedia Britannica I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Day after day, I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. _____19_____One day, mentally exhausted, I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. ____20____ In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
A. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
B. I felt depressed and gave it up eventually.
C Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
D. Use your unconsciousness and you can reduce your tiredness.
E. An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.
F. The solution is not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
G. Here are two ways of exhaustion ——start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Paul Calderbank was homeless and was in need of help. It could have been so easy for him to take all the money from a ____21____ he had found. He, however, decided to do the right thing because his honesty of doing the right thing was far more important than ____22____. But Paul didn’t just go out of his way to ____23____ the wallet to the police. He made sure it ended up in the right ____24____—its owner, Daisy Owen.
After a fun night out with friends, Daisy couldn’t find her wallet. She did everything she could think of and finally ____25____, thinking someone had likely found it and stolen its ____26____. Actually she would be blessed (赐福) by Paul’s ____27____!
Paul spent two days searching for Daisy when he ran into one of Daisy’s friends. The friend ____28____ message Daisy. “I am so happy and ____29____ him. He is now living: in a hostel (临时收容所), yet took no money out of it,” said Daisy. But then she read the ____30____ Paul put in the wallet about wanting to do the right thing. All of a sudden Daisy knew what she ____31____ to do in return. She started a Go-Fund-Me page explaining that Paul found her lost wallet and his current ____32____ situation. She was determined to put a roof over his head. She was hoping to ____33____ $1,500. To her great surprise, she received over $5,000 to help Paul get a(n) ____34____.
It’s easy to imagine the worst of people. But each one of us can make a difference, just like Paul did, by displaying ____35____ in us.
21.
A. bin B. wallet C. bowl D. car
22.
A. hiding B. sharing C. tricking D. stealing
23.
A. hand in B. pull out C. pick up D. leave behind
24.
A. forms B. arms C. hands D. conditions
25.
A. cheered up B. gave up C. slowed down D. backed down
26.
A. photos B. tickets C. materials D. contents
27.
A. plans B. efforts C. feelings D. characters
28.
A. immediately B. suddenly C. unhurriedly D. continuously
29.
A. believe B. remember C. thank D. understand
30.
A. bill B. note C. invitation D. proposal
31.
A. agreed B. promised C. happened D. needed
32.
A. homeless B. awkward C. unusual D. surprising
33.
A. borrow B. donate C. make D. raise
34.
A. page B. account C. flat D. job
35.
A. kindness B. courage C. pride D. strength
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I tend to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home because the forest scenery is ____36____ (fantasy) no matter what the season. This morning I was driving ____37____ (slow) than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery. ____38____ (amaze) to see a buck deer (公鹿) standing in the middle of the road, I came to ____39____ full stop and for a few seconds stared at the deer. His eyes seemed wise and were smiling at me. Finally, I ____40____ (wave) to him to go on. He then leapt across the road, up the hill and back into the woods.
Most of us rush through this life not knowing the very thing ____41____ we are missing. The next time you find ____42____ (you) going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sunrise over the horizon and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them ____43____ tell them that you love them. If you do, your life ____44____ (be) so much better and more beautiful. And you might even end up not ______45______ (hit) a deer on your way home.
第四部分基础知识（共三节，满分25分）
第一节 （每小题1分，共5分）
从方框中选出合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填空，其中有两个词是多余的
explore recognize achieve previous benefit dependent annual
46. A good diet is________ to health.
47. The old man has a physical examination ________.
48. An Olympic gold medal is an amazing________ for one so young.
49. Now that you have reached the age of 18, you should be________ of your parents.
50. With the continuous development of technology, more and more people are eager________ mysterious space.
第二节 用学过的短语并用其正确的形式填空（每题1分，共10分）
51. When you ________ (能够处理)the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
52. I should also encourage him to take action to________________(克服) these difficulties. （根据汉语提示补全句子）
53. To me, a good friend ________ (使显现) the best in a person. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
54. She then________________(昏迷，失去知觉) in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital. （根据汉语提示补全句子）
55. The bus ____________ (停了下来) as Mrs. Gump prepares Forrest for his first day of school. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
56. Remember to drink water throughout exercise ________(弥补) water lost to sweat. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
57. The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated ________________(为向……表示敬意) of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China. （根据汉语提示补全句子）
58. No doubt, ________(凭借) his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
59. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, ________(更不用说) the thousands of props inside. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
60. Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when to ________ ________ (承认错误) and when to ask your parents to relax their control. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
第三节 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每小题1分，满分10分）
61. Huge amounts of money ______ (spend) on the new bridge up to now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62. Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series. (用适当的词填空)
63. If you would like to place a special order, just call me at your________(convenient). （所给词的适当形式填空）
64. However, the high speed train has made______ much more convenient for them to go back home. (用适当的词填空)
65. Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. (用适当的词填空)
66. Tai Chi has taught me to relax my mind, ________ (enable) me to stay cool in stressful situation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67. Close friendships will help smooth________ the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel. （用适当的词填空）
68. ______ measures are considered appropriate to be taken, it is essential that they are explained to the public. (用适当的词填空)
69. Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said ________(invent) tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. (所给词的适当形式填空)
70. The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors _________ (jump) up and down in front of a green screen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第五部分 写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，你的英国网友Tom对中国传统节日非常感兴趣，他写信向你询问。请你根据以下要点，给他写一封回信，向他介绍一个你最喜爱的节日。
要点：1.节日的名称、时间；
2.节日的庆祝方式；
3. 邀请他来体验。
注意：1词数：100词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
