(共40张PPT)
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Read for the main idea.
Read the text quickly and find out the main theme of the text.
The main theme is________________________________________________
.
that the novel imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79,when Mount Vesuvius erupted
Activity 2 Read the text again and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A.Reactions and feelings of people
Para.2 B.Eruption of Mount Vesuvius
Para.3 C.Rediscovery of the city
Para.4 D.Signs before the volcanic eruption
Para.5 E.A description of Pompeii and Mount Vesuvius
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.When and how was the city of Pompeii destroyed
A.By the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in the year 79 BCE.
B.By the earthquake in the year 79 BCE.
C.By the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in the year 79.
D.By the earthquake in the year 79.
C
2.Rearrange the sentences about the scene of the volcanic eruption in the right order.
a.The fire moved and changed in colour with every moment.
b.The mountain-cloud seemed to roll near,dark and rapid,like a river.It threw out a shower of ashes and huge pieces of burning stone!
c.A huge cloud shot from the peak of the volcano,looking like a huge tree.
d.The earth began to shake and the sound of falling roofs could be heard.
e.The earthquake came.
A.a-b-c-d-e. B.c-a-d-b-e.
C.c-a-b-e-d. D.b-c-a-d-e.
B
3.How many years has the city of Pompeii been silent
A.Nearly seventeen years.
B.Nearly seventy-nine years.
C.Nearly two thousand years.
D.Nearly seventeen centuries.
D
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.Do you know something about Pompeii Tell more about it.
2.If you face the same disaster,what would you do
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing Pompeii.
(1)In its little shops,its tiny palaces,its forum,its wine bars,its theatre—in the energy and skill of its people,you saw a model of the whole Roman Empire.
(2)Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas,along with golden pleasure boats for the rich,were crowded together in the glassy water of the port.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Pompeii was 1. typical Roman city.Trading ships,busy fishing boats and pleasure boats 2. (show) a prosperous city.But the last day of Pompeii ended with a volcanic
3. (erupt):the earth shook and buildings fell down 4.________ people ran away from an ash cloud 5. seemed to roll towards them.Then Pompeii was showered with ashes and huge pieces of 6._________ (burn) stone.Seventeen centuries later,Pompeii’s ruins 7.__________________ (discover) and walls still looked fresh.The 8. (remain) of Pompeii are a 9. (remind) that human lives are short and vulnerable(易受伤害的) in the face of 10. (nature) disasters.
a
showed
eruption
when
that/which
burning
were discovered
remains
reminder
natural
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.Its ashy rocks,now dark,now light,told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come!
引导宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
引导定语从句
火山岩忽明忽暗,讲述着过去火山几度喷发的故事,这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们,灾难即将降临!
2.Long after fire and ash came for the people of Pompeii,the remains of their beautiful city survive to remind us that human lives burn bright and short.
引导宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
引导时间状语从句
在庞贝的人们被大火和火山灰吞噬很久之后,他们美丽城市的遗迹幸存下来,提醒我们人的生命灿烂而短暂。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;突然发生
2. vt.使出土,挖掘,发掘;发现,找到
3. n.目的地,终点
4. n.酒吧;小馆子;吧台;条,块;栏杆;障碍 vt.封;阻挡;阻止
5. n.进口产品,输入的产品;输入 vt.进口,引进
6. n.出口产品,输出的产品;出口,输出 vt.出口,输出
erupt
unearth
destination
bar
import
export
7. adv.在(或向)较远处;在另一边
prep.在(或向)更远处;超出;晚于;无法;超出……之外
8. n.图案,花样;模式;范例;模型
9. n.柱,圆柱;柱状物;栏;专栏;队,列
10. n.& vt.救援,营救,抢救
beyond
pattern
column
rescue
识记阅读词汇
1.Roman adj.
n.
2.port n.
3.cloud-capped adj.
4.ashy adj.
5.dawn n.
vi.
6.volcano n.
7.trunk n.
古罗马的;罗马的
古罗马人;罗马人
港口,避风港;港口城市
高耸入云的,耸入云霄的
覆盖着灰的;灰色的
黎明,破晓;开端,萌芽
开始;开始清楚
火山
树干
串记拓展词汇
1.unbearable adj.难耐的,无法忍受的→ adv.不堪忍受地;无法容忍地
2.distance n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远→ adj.遥远的;冷漠的;远隔的→ adv.远离地;疏远地;冷淡地
3.sharp adj.灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的;明显的;尖锐的;强烈的→____________ adv.尖锐地;急剧地;明显地;锋利地;敏锐地→ n.锐利;清晰度;疾速→ v.削尖;磨快;使敏捷;加重;尖锐;变锋利
4.locate vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置在(或建造于)→___________ n.位置;地点;外景拍摄场地
5.retire vi.& vt.退休,退职→ n.退休,退职→ adj.退休的;退职的
unbearably
distant
distantly
sharply
sharpness
sharpen
location
retirement
retired
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
un- 前缀
1.un- 接在形容词前构成反义词,且形容词词尾后缀为-able,-ed,-ful,-ing,-like,-ory,-some的单词,多用un- 作为前缀。如:
bearable→unbearable
decided→undecided
interesting→uninteresting
sportsmanlike→unsportsmanlike
satisfactory→unsatisfactory
2.un-用于动词之前,表示某一动作的否定 还原或相反动作,构成反义词。如:
earth→unearth
fold→unfold
cover→uncover
dress→undress
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 随同,一道,一起
2. 首先,尤其重要的是
3. 呈现……的形状,采取……的形式
4. 突然开始,爆发
5. 在远处
6. 到处,各处
along with
above all
take the form of
break out
in the distance
far and wide
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;突然发生
【佳句背诵】It’s many years since Mount Vesuvius last erupted.[自然灾害]
维苏威火山上一次爆发至今已有很多年了。
2.retire vi.& vt.退休,退职
【佳句背诵】He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.[人物介绍]
作为杂志社的编辑,他没有退休的计划。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.unbearable adj.难耐的,无法忍受的
(1)unbearably adv.难耐地,无法忍受地
(2)bearable adj.可忍受的
(3)bear vt.承受;忍受;承担
bear fruit成功;取得成果
bear with sb./sth.耐心对待/容忍某人/某物
bear in mind记住,考虑到
【佳句背诵】Some students who are addicted to the online games can’t bear being separated from mobile phones even for a short while.[学校生活]
一些沉迷于网络游戏的学生无法忍受与手机分开,即使是一小会儿。
用于否定句中,后接名词或动词-ing形式
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Most people can’t beat others (spit) on the street.
②Faced with the tight schedule and (bear) pressure,we should make a scientific scheme and work efficiently.
③Thank You Day offers us all a chance to get together and thank those who have made the pandemic (bear).
④We both realized that,unless we did something,the meeting was going to become (unbearable) sad.
⑤请记住,只有永不放弃的人才有可能获得成功。
Please ________ ________ ________ ________nobody but those who never give up is likely to be successful.
spitting
unbearable
bearable
unbearably
bear in mind that
2.break out突然开始,爆发
break down分解;(机器)出故障;(汽车)抛锚;(计划等)失败;(精神)崩溃
break in强行闯入;打断
break up击碎,拆散;分解
break off折断;突然停止
break into闯入,进入
break away(from)断掉,拆除,与……断绝关系
break through突破
【佳句背诵】When the news came that the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.[人物介绍]
没有被动语态
当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定参军。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①The elevator broke and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.
②As the President’s car arrived,the crowd broke loud applause.
③I was telling them about my exciting travels,when he broke with a story of his own.
④She broke a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.
⑤他的车起火,在路上抛锚了。
________ ________ ________ ________in his car,which made it break down on the way.
down
into
in
off
A fire broke out
3.distance n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远
(1)at a/some distance在一定距离的地方,有些距离
at/from a distance of在相距……的地方
in the distance在远处,在远方
within walking distance很近,步行就能到
keep sb.at a distance与某人保持距离,不与某人接近
(2)distant adj.遥远的;冷漠的;远隔的
be distant from...离……远
(3)distantly adv.远离地;疏远地;冷淡地
【佳句背诵】You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes.[学校生活]
你需要一个可以支撑你后背的座位,书应该与你的眼睛保持适当的距离。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①However,after I went to high school,somehow I became (distance) from him.
②We spotted them waving to us a distance of 100 metres.
③There are lots of restaurants walking distance.
④ the distance is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years.
⑤发光的植物可以缩短这个距离,因此有助于节约能源。
Glowing plants could ________ ________ ________ and therefore help save energy.
distant
at/from
within
In
reduce this distance
4.rescue n.& vt.救援,营救,抢救
(1)come to one’s rescue = come to the rescue of sb.救援某人,帮助某人
rescue sb./sth.from...从……中拯救某人/某物
(2) rescuer n.救援人员
【佳句背诵】A wealthy benefactor came to their rescue with a generous donation.[事件描述]
一位富有的赞助人慷慨解囊拯救了他们。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①With the help of a ladder,neighbors were able to rescue the children
the big fire.
②We immediately come the rescue if any problems occur.
③在未来,我将成为一名救死扶伤的好医生,献身于我的工作。
In the future,I will be a good doctor to heal the wounded and ________ ________ ________,devoting myself to my work.
from
to
rescue
the dying
5.locate vt.找出……的准确位置,把……安置在(或建造于)
(1)be located in/on...位于,坐落于
(2)location n.位置,地点
on location出外景;现场拍摄
【佳句背诵】Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station.[公共交通]
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes距离市中心车站只有10分钟的步行路程。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Sichuan Province is (locate) in southwestern part of China.
②You’ll often get to stay in a central (locate) with security and comfort.
③失物招领处的办公时间为周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00,位于罗马街车站。
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and
________ ________ ________Roma Street station.
located
location
is located at
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
sharp
A.adj.锋利的 B.adj.急剧的 C.adj.灵敏的
①It was very sharp of you to notice that detail straight away.
②...only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference.
③The shears aren’t sharp enough to cut the grass.
C
B
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.import
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. The report calls for a ban on the import of hazardous waste.
生义 n. It is difficult to understand the full import of this statement.
进口;输入
意思,含意
2.trunk
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. The tree trunk was hollow inside.
生义 n. Maloney unlocked his trunk and took out some coveralls.
树干
大箱子
重点句式——多维剖析
as if引导的从句
【教材原句】Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday;not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.
它的墙壁是崭新的,就像昨天刚刚粉刷过;地板上丰富的图案没有任何颜色变化。
(1)as if“好像,仿佛”,相当于as though,在句中可引导方式状语从句。
(2)as if/though常用在be,look,seem,sound,taste,feel等系动词后引导表语从句。
(3)as if/though引导的从句如果与真实情况相差甚远或相反时,从句用虚拟语气。
(4)as if/though引导的方式状语从句的省略结构:当从句主语与主句主语相同或从句主语为 it,且从句中含有be动词时,从句中的主语和be动词可省略。
【佳句背诵】I felt he treated me as though/if I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.[学校生活]
我觉得他对待我的态度就好像我会拖他的后腿,可能会让他在这门课上拿不到A。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①He looked at me as if I (be) there.
②I didn’t feel if I needed to keep up with anybody else.
③I always read,using different voices,as if I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it!
→I always read,using different voices, out the stories with my voice and they loved it!
weren’t
as
as if acting(共50张PPT)
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
素养导航·明目标
必背
单词 injure disaster reaction crash signal
exit orderly confirm hug procedure
odd occur relief destructive inform
hurricane shock scare power supply
donate charity staff flood downstairs
document honey otherwise curious erupt
unearth destination bar import export
unbearable beyond distance pattern rescue
sharp locate
语言
能力 重点短语 at large roll call safe and sound occur to
keep one’s head run out of take the form of
break out far and wide
重点句式 1.was doing...when...正在做……那时……
2.the moment引导时间状语从句
3.make的复合结构
4.as if引导的从句
核心语法 动词不定式作定语和结果状语
主题写作 续写故事
文化
意识 1.了解自然灾害的类型、危害和逃生知识。
2.从文学作品中了解火山爆发导致庞贝古城消亡的历史。
思维
品质 帮助学生认识自然灾害的巨大破坏力,掌握在遇到自然灾害时的自救知识。
学习
能力 掌握否定前缀un-,dis-,in-/im-/ir-,non-的用法和词形变化规律。
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Read for the main idea.
Read the text quickly and find out the main theme of the text.
The main theme is .
how people escaped from the natural disasters
Activity 2 Read the text again and match each part with its main idea.
News report 1
The lead A.The process of escaping successfully from the earthquake.
The body B.The reason for their calmness in the earthquake.
The tail C.The summary of the news.
News report 2
The lead A.The process of Sabrina saving so many lives.
The body B.The summary of the news.
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Which word can be used to replace the phrase “hold on to” in paragraph 2
A.Grasp. B.Carry.
C.Design. D.Remove.
A
2.Miss Brown’s words showed that .
A.little students were always calm
B.Miss Brown was good at dealing with all kinds of problems
C.practising earthquake safety procedures was very important for students
D.earthquakes often happened in Falmont
C
3.Which of the following words can best describe Sabrina
A.Enthusiastic and doubtful.
B.Kind and calm.
C.Sympathetic and generous.
D.Ambitious and tolerant.
B
4.What’s the right order according to the passage
a.Sabrina’s parents didn’t believe her words.
b.Sabrina’s parents talked to the safety officer.
c.The beach was rapidly cleared of people by the safety officer.
d.People were enjoying the warm sea air and soft wind happily.
e.Sabrina noticed something unusual and told her parents.
A.c—d—e—b—a B.e—a—b—c—d
C.d—e—a—b—c D.c—b—a—e—b
C
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What natural disasters can you think of
2.Do you know something about the earthquake Give a brief introduction.
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing Miss Brown.
(1)The moment the shaking stopped,Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
(2)She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
On 17 March,476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake 1. (hit) the county at 2:27 p.m.Only 5 students suffered slight injuries,despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area 2. large.Alice Brown was teaching 3. the floor began to shake.Her students’ reaction was quick and correct.The moment the shaking stopped,Miss Brown signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an 4. (order) line covering their heads with their hands.She said that they practised earthquake safety 5.___________ (procedure) twice a year.
hitting
at
when
orderly
procedures
On 20 December,a series of huge waves 6. (cause) by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.Goldshore Beach was the only local beach 7. (survive) the disaster without any loss of life.When people were enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind,Sabrina noticed something odd and 8. (ask) her parents to talk to a safety officer.The officer immediately realized the 9. (come) danger.The beach was 10. (rapid) cleared of people,just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.
caused
to survive
asked
coming
rapidly
Activity 7 长难句分析
引导时间状语从句
1.The moment the shaking stopped,Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
晃动一停止,布朗女士就意识到这是全班逃生的最佳时机。
2.She warned her parents of the danger,though at first they just thought she was joking.
引导让步状语从句 宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
她警告她的父母有危险,尽管一开始他们只是认为她在开玩笑。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.灾害,灾难;彻底失败
2. n.碰撞声,破裂声;碰撞;崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞;撞击;崩溃
3. vi.& vt.发信号,示意;标志 n.信号,暗号;标志;信号灯
4. vt.& vi.出去,离去,退场;退出 n.出口,通道;离开
5. vt.证实,确认;使确信;批准
6. vt.拥抱,搂抱;抱紧
disaster
crash
signal
exit
confirm
hug
7. n.程序,步骤,手续
8. vi.发生,出现;存在于
9. n.柱,杆;极
10. vt.了解,熟悉;通知
procedure
occur
pole
inform
识记阅读词汇
1.county n.
2.stair n.
3.roll n.
vi.& vt.
4.tsunami n.
5.odd adj.
6.bubble n.
7.typhoon n.
郡,县
楼梯;梯级
名单;卷;一管;翻滚
翻滚,滚动;翻身;卷起
海啸
奇怪的,怪异的;偶尔的;不成对的
泡沫,泡,气泡
台风
串记拓展词汇
1.injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害→ n.伤害→ adj.受伤的
2. n.反应,回应;抗拒;化学反应→ vi.作出反应,回应
3.orderly adj.守秩序的;有条理的,整齐的→ v.命令;订货;整理 n.命令;顺序
4.relief n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济→ vt.缓减,减轻
5.destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的,破坏(或毁灭)性的→______________ v.毁坏→destruction n.破坏,毁灭;摧毁
injury
injured
reaction
react
order
relieve
destruct
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
形容词后缀-ly
(1)加在名词之后,表示“具有……本性的,属于……的,……的”。 如:
friend→friendly scholar→scholarly
love→lovely father→fatherly
woman→womanly
(2)加在时间名词后,表示“每……的,每……时间一次的”。如:
week→weekly hour→hourly
month→monthly year→yearly
quarter→quarterly
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 整个,全部
2. 紧紧抓住
3. 安然无恙的
4. 被想到,浮现在脑中
5. (在困境中)保持冷静
6. 警告某人当心某事
7. 令某人宽慰的是
8. 有影响,产生差别
9. 让某人了解某事
10. 面对
at large
hold on to
safe and sound
occur to
keep one’s head
warn sb.of sth.
to one’s relief
make a difference
keep sb.informed of sth.
in the face of
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.crash n.碰撞声,破裂声;碰撞;崩溃
【佳句背诵】She heard the crash of shattering glass as the vehicles collided.[人物描写]
她听到车辆相撞时玻璃破碎的声音。
2.destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的,破坏或(毁灭)性的
【佳句背诵】What is good for the individual can be destructive to the family.[家庭生活]
对个人好的可能对家庭有害。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害
(1)injury n.伤害,伤口
do sb./oneself an injury=do an injury to sb./oneself 使某人/自己受伤害
(2)injured adj.受伤的
get injured受伤
the injured伤员
【佳句背诵】As a result,she says,some of the injuries associated with running,such as runner’s knee,are uncommon among race walkers.[体育运动]
因此,她说,一些与跑步有关的损伤,比如跑步者的膝伤,在竞走运动员中并不常见。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①In the crash he was seriously .He suffered severe __________ to the head and arms.(injure)
②By mile 17,I became out of breath and the once (injure) ankle hurt badly.
提醒约翰在户外玩耍时不要伤到自己。
→③Remind John not to when he plays outdoors.
→④Remind John not to when he plays outdoors.
→⑤Remind John not to when he plays outdoors.
injured
injuries
injured
do an injury to himself
do himself an injury
injure himself
2.at large 整个,全部
by and large大体上,总的来说
in large part在很大程度上
【佳句背诵】I think the chances of getting reforms accepted by the community at large remain extremely remote.[社会生活]
我认为让改革被社区接受的机会仍然非常渺茫。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
① and large,I enjoyed my time at school.
②Their success is due large part to their determination.
③学生们普遍认为纪律太严格了。
________ _______ _______ _______ ________the discipline was too strict.
By
in
Students at large felt that
3.reaction n.反应,回应,抗拒,化学反应
(1)reaction to对……的反应
in reaction to作为对……的反应
(2)react v.作出反应,回应
react to 作出反应
react against反对
react with sth.与……起化学反应
react on/upon对……有效果/起作用
【佳句背诵】In the past,there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic:just widen the roads.[交通安全]
过去,对于交通流量的增加,通常会有一个自动反应:拓宽道路。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①They were not sure how the Americans would react the new type of music.
②Which of the metals in the table reacts the most oxygen and water
③Children tend to react their parents by going against their wishes.
针对这次地震成立了一个应急基金会。
→④An emergency fund was set up the earthquake.
→⑤An emergency fund was set up the earthquake.
to
with
against
in reaction to
to react to
4.signal vi.& vt.发信号,示意;标志 n.信号,暗号;标志;信号灯
signal sth.to sb.向某人示意……
signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事
signal that...发信号……
【佳句背诵】In one case,a mother presents her foot to her crying baby,signalling:“Climb on me.”[情节描写]
在一个案例中,一位母亲把她的脚伸给哭泣的婴儿,示意:“爬到我身上来。”
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①My mother is signalling to me (remove) the table.
②She signalled she was about to turn left.
③This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological strengths of children parents.
④此外,它们那些不需要移动的手臂会被腾出来用于其他用途,比如扔石头或发信号。
In addition,their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes,like ________ ________ ________ ________.
to remove
that
to
throwing stones or signalling
5.confirm vt.证实,确认;使确信;批准
(1)confirm sb.in (belief/opinion/view)使某人确信(信念/意见/观点)
be confirmed by sb.被某人认可
confirm+从句 确定/肯定/证实……
It is/has been confirmed that...证实/已确定……
(2)confirmation n.证实
(3)confirmed adj.已被证实的,坚定的
【佳句背诵】Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full-length statue by highlighting the heavy labor she had done before.[人物描写]
Vinnie通过强调她以前所做的繁重劳动,证实了她有能力制作一个全身
雕像。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①Once an order is received,we shall send an order (confirm) by email to confirm your order.
②The daily number of newly cured and discharged patients exceeded that of the newly (confirm) cases.
③ has been confirmed that greenhouse gases are to blame for global warming.
④Recently,scientists have confirmed that such harmful gases do exist on the planet.
→Recently, by scientists that such harmful gases do exist on the planet.
confirmation
confirmed
It
it has been confirmed
6.occur vi.发生,出现;存在于
(1)occur to想起;发生
以上结构中主语不能是人,而是想到的事情或it作形式主语。
(2)occurrence n.发生
【佳句背诵】We are the products of evolution,and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago.[历史文化]
我们是进化的产物,而不仅仅是发生在数十亿年前的进化。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①Years ago,a critical event (occur) in my life that would change it forever.
② occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
③For many people,the idea of inheriting the cultural legacy has never occurred them.
occurred
It
to
④Sometimes even routine (occur) become sources of pre-anger,or anger itself.
⑤When I got home,I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the classroom.
→When I got home, I had left my book in the classroom.
occurrences
it occurred to me that
7.relief n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济
(1)in/with relief 如释重负;松一口气
to one’s relief令人感到欣慰的是
It’s a relief to do sth.做某事是令人欣慰的。
What a relief!可轻松了!
(2)relieve vt.使轻松,宽慰;缓解
relieve sb.of...解除某人……方面的负担
【佳句背诵】Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.[社会生活]
尽管如此,当会演临近尾声时,我们大多数志愿者都会松一口气。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Whatever it is,make sure it’s a (relieve) from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
② their relief,their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building.
③It was great relief to find that my family were all safe.
④I smiled relief after I heard my son had been admitted into Tsinghua University.
⑤一团鲜红的云笼罩着那只动物,让迈克松了一口气的是,它摇着头后退了。
A bright red cloud enveloped the animal,and ,it fell back,shaking its head.
relief
To
a
in/with
to Mike’s relief
8.inform vt.通知;了解,熟悉
(1) inform sb.that...通知/告知某人……
inform sb.of/about...通知/告知某人……
keep sb.informed of/that...使某人随时了解……
(2)information n.信息
【佳句背诵】William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from which we can learn without repeating them.[历史文化]
不能接双宾语
威廉·哈斯蒂曾经提出,历史告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习,避免重复犯错。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed
our semester project of volunteering at a non-profit organization.
②The cell phones keep us (inform) of the news of the day,instruct us in many fields of interest,and entertain us with singing,dancing and acting.
③Besides,they often get some useful (inform) from the Internet.
④My daughter told me that she had arrived safely at the tourist destination.
→My daughter her safe at the tourist destination.
about/of
informed
information
informed me of
arrival
多义词汇——自主练透
教材熟词生义
1.disaster
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. Thousands died in the disaster.
生义 n. The play’s first night was a total disaster.
2.hug
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt. They hugged each other.
生义 vt. The track hugs the coast for a mile.
灾害,灾难
彻底失败
拥抱,搂抱;抱紧
有一段距离地挨着
重点句式——多维剖析
1.be doing...when...正在做……那时……
【教材原句】Alice Brown,head teacher at Falmont Primary School,was teaching when the floor began to shake.
弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在上课,突然地面开始晃动。
(1)be doing sth.when...意为“正在做某事,那时突然……”,when是并列连词,表示“在那时”。
(2)并列连词when还可构成以下结构:
be going to do...when...就要做……那时……
be about to do...when...正要做……那时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……那时……
had (just) done...when...刚做了……那时……
【佳句背诵】My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a stranger came up to her.[情节描写]
我妈妈正在把她的杂货放进购物袋,那时一个陌生人走了过来。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①The boy was walking along the riverbank suddenly a snowball struck him on the head.
②就在我快要放弃的时候,我最好的朋友鼓励我坚持下去。
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________my best friend encouraged me to go on.
when
was about to give up when
2.the moment引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】The moment the shaking stopped,Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
晃动一停止,布朗女士就意识到这是全班逃生的最佳时机。
(1)the moment意为“一……就……”,可作连词引导时间状语从句,有类似用法的意思相近的名词词组还有:the instant,the minute等。
(2)其他用作连词的名词词组还有:the first time,each time,every time,the last time等。
(3)表示“一……就……”充当连词引导时间状语的副词有:immediately,directly,instantly等。
(4)表示“一……就……”的其他结构有:as soon as;hardly/scarcely...when...,no sooner...than...等。在no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...结构中,主句常用过去完成时,从句常用一般过去时;若no
sooner,hardly位于句首时,主句的谓语要部分倒装。
(5)表示“一……就……”的介词有upon/on,其后接名词或动词-ing形式。
【佳句背诵】As soon as she graduated from high school,she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast.[人物介绍]
高中一毕业,她就离开了家,住在加利福尼亚海岸外的卡特琳娜岛上。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①Quite a few graduates cannot find jobs moment they graduate.
②No sooner did she leave my doorstep I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son’s nursery and who recognized my face.
the
than
③She had requested the community to turn it into a museum her death.
他一收到录用通知就以极大的热情一心投入到新的工作中。
→④He worked at his new job with great zest .
→⑤He worked at his new job with great zest
.
→⑥He worked at his new job with great zest .
→⑦He worked at his new job with great zest .
upon/on
the moment he got the offer
immediately/directly/instantly he got the offer
upon/on getting the offer
as soon as he got the offer(共35张PPT)
Part 1 Language points
Part 2 Grammar
目录索引
Part 1 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
Ⅰ.重点单词
1. vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕 n.恐慌;惊吓
2. n.补给,补给品;供应;供应量,储备 vt.供应,供给,提供
3. n.幻灯片;降低;滑行;山崩 vi.& vt.滑行;逐渐陷入
4. n.资金;基金
5. n.洪水,水灾;大量 vi.& vt.淹没,泛滥;大量涌入;充满
6. adv.在楼下,往楼下 n.楼下
7. n.文件,公文;(计算机中的)文档
8. adv.否则,不然;除此以外
scare
supply
slide
fund
flood
downstairs
document
otherwise
识记阅读词汇
1.hurricane n.
2.conference n.
3.charity n.
4.staff n.
vt.
5.honey n.
飓风
会议,研讨会;讨论,商谈
慈善机构(或组织);慈善,施舍;仁爱,宽容
全体职工;管理人员
在……工作,任职于
(爱称)亲爱的;蜂蜜
串记拓展词汇
1.shock n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊;使气愤→ adj.震惊的→ adj.令人震惊的
2.power n.电,电力,权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量→ adj.强有力的→ adj.无能的;无权力的
3.donate vt.捐赠,赠送;献(血)→ n.捐赠,捐赠物→____________ n.捐赠者,赠送者
4.curious adj.好奇的,奇特的→ adv.好奇地→ n.好奇(心)
shocked
shocking
powerful
powerless
donation
donor
curiously
curiosity
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 用完,耗尽
2. 详细地
3. 冲走
4. 涌入
5. 尽某人最大努力
run out of
in detail
wash away
flood in
try one’s best
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
slide n.幻灯片;降低;滑行;山崩 vi.& vt.滑行;逐渐陷入
【佳句背诵】The drawers slide in and out easily.[事物描写]
这些抽屉很容易推进拉出。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.shock n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊;使气愤
(1)in shock处于极度震惊状态
shock sb.to hear/learn/discover that...听说/得知/发现……使某人惊讶
be shocked at/by由……感到震惊
(2)shocking adj.令人震惊的
shocked adj.吃惊的,震惊的
【佳句背诵】Jones was shocked when she said that she didn’t actually mind being cheated.[人物描写]
当她说她实际上并不介意被骗时,琼斯很震惊。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Everyone in the street was (shock) when they heard the news.
② (shock) by the explosion,people ran about in the street.
③His not passing the final exam was great shock to his parents.
④I was shocked (hear) that our factory would have to close.
⑤他们在过去的几年里取得了惊人的成就,令许多人震惊。
They have made amazing achievements in the past few years ________ ________ ________.
shocked
Shocked
a
to hear
shocking
many people
2.scare vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕 n.恐慌;惊吓
(1)scare sb./sth.away/off吓走/吓跑某人/某物
scare sb.to death把某人吓得要死
scare sb.into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事
(2)scared adj.害怕的;恐惧的
be scared of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事
be scared to do sth.不敢做某事
be scared that...恐惧……;害怕……
(3)scary adj.可怕的,吓人的
【佳句背诵】Jeff had hunted in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog,Rosie,but the gun shots had scared the dog off/away.[情节描写]
感恩节前,杰夫曾带着他的狗罗茜在艾奥瓦州打猎,但枪声把狗吓跑了。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was (scare) at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months.
②Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears .
③Randall Flagg is one of the (scare) characters ever.
④对父母而言,试图用吓唬的办法让孩子守规矩是不明智的。
It is not wise for parents to try to________ ________ ________ ________ ________ well.
scared
off/away
scariest
scare their children into
behaving
3.run out of 用完,耗尽
run into撞进;偶然遇到;跑进
run across偶然遇到;穿过
run after追求;追赶;追逐
run away逃走;逃跑
run through浏览;穿过;流过
run off逃跑
【佳句背诵】I wanted to make dumplings but found I had run out of flour,so I went out to buy some.[家庭生活]
及物动词短语,后接“用完”的对象,不可用于被动语态,如果“用完”的对象作主语,则用run out。
我想包饺子,但我发现面粉用完了,所以我出去买了一些。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①You run the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.
②He had tried to coax the dog to him but,frightened,it had run .
③If you run two hares,you’ll catch neither.
④I ran some old letters while I was clearing out a cupboard.
⑤Their food supplies are running out,though,to their relief,the rescue team is on its way.
→They their food supplies,though,to their relief,the rescue team is on its way.
into
off/away
after
across
are running out of
4.supply n.补给,补给品;供应;供应量,储备
vt.供应,供给,提供
(1)supply sth.to sb.=supply sb.with sth.向某人提供某物
(2)be in short supply短缺
a supply of一批,很多
【佳句背诵】We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible,and make them into kits—one kit,one child.[学校生活]
我们决定收集尽可能多的学校用品,并把它们做成工具包——一个孩子一个工具包。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①For the biggest stadiums in the world,we have used data_______________ (supply) by the World Atlas list so far.
②After the war broke out,food is short supply all over the country.
③Moreover,the competition will supply you a chance to develop your creativity and build friendship with other students who share the same interest with you.
那位演员已经向灾区提供了大量的钱。
→④The actor the disaster area.
→⑤The actor plenty of money.
supplied
in
with
has supplied plenty of money to
has supplied the disaster area with
5.donate vt.捐赠,赠送;献(血)
(1)donate...to...把……捐献给……
(2)donation n.捐赠,捐赠物
donor n.捐赠者,赠送者
【佳句背诵】And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget to buy one.[人物介绍]
然后,他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们,但又没有钱买的人。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①By the end of 2020,Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for (donate) or to be returned to their owners.
②Doctors are searching for a blood (donate) to the patient whose blood type is rare.
③In the past few months,many actors have donated much money
Jiuzhaigou Valley.
④这导致公司和个人向发展中国家捐款,来购买计算机设备和互联网设施。
This has led companies and individuals______ _______ ________ ________ _________ _________to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities.
donation
donor
to
to donate money to
developing countries
6.curious adj.好奇的,奇特的
(1)be curious about对……好奇
be curious to do sth.很想做某事
It is curious that...奇怪的是……
(2)curiosity n.好奇(心),珍品
out of curiosity出于好奇
(3)curiously adv.好奇地
【佳句背诵】It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions.[历史文化]
奇怪的是,没有人把蒸汽革命和电力革命的历史结合起来。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①She encourages people of all ages,especially older people,to cultivate their
(curious) for life.
②She was curious how the experts did it.
③The bar was full of people and he felt that the people were observing him
(curious).
④对你周围的世界充满好奇是件好事,因为我认为好奇心是最好的老师。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
the world around you because I think ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ .
curiosity
about
curiously
It is good to be curious about
curiosity is the
best teacher
重点句式——多维剖析
make的复合结构
【教材原句】It was making her nervous.
这让她很紧张。
make意为“使……如何”,在此结构中可用作宾语补足语的有名词、代词、形容词、不带to的动词不定式、过去分词、介词短语等。make变为被动语态时,不定式要带to。
【佳句背诵】What makes her more proud of them is that they have gone from their first animation to creating their own works.[人物介绍]
让她感到更为骄傲的是,他们已经从第一部动画发展到创作自己的作品。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①This was the sort of work that made you (appreciation) the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work,he told me.
②My legs just weren’t made (run) like his.
③And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and________________ (transform).
④It’s too noisy.I can’t make my voice (hear).
⑤爸爸的话让我意识到,我的收入可能并不像我希望的那样属于我。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________that my earnings might not be mine to do with as I wished.
appreciate
to run
transformative
heard
My dad’s words made me realize
Part 2 Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
情景导入
动词不定式作定语和结果状语
As we all know,natural disasters happen every year.They are destructive,often causing many deaths and injuries.After a terrible disaster,people return their home only ①to find everything destroyed.People should learn some ways ②to protect themselves to increase chances ③to survive in disasters.When a disaster occurs,the first thing ④to do is to keep your head.Otherwise,you may be too scared ⑤to take proper steps to escape.With more knowledge of disasters,people have the ability ⑥to deal with emergencies properly.
【语法感悟】
观察上文中的黑体部分可知,动词不定式在句中可作定语和结果状语等。其中 作定语, 作结果状语。
②③④⑥
①⑤
语法精讲
一、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语,一般后置,修饰前面的名词或代词,其逻辑主语往往是被修饰的名词或代词。
1.不定式作定语常表示该动作将要发生。
The poor old man is looking for something to eat.
那个可怜的老人正在找吃的东西。
2.动词不定式常用来修饰被序数词、形容词最高级或only,last,next等修饰的名词。
If you are the last student to leave the room,remember to turn off the lights.
如果你是最后一个离开房间的学生,请记得关灯。
3.动词不定式常用来修饰抽象名词,常见的有ability,decision,chance,idea, fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等。
After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it,my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance.
经过几个小时不成功的尝试后,我丈夫建议看迈克尔·乔丹的纪录片《最后的舞蹈》。
4.动词不定式与其所修饰的词有时构成逻辑上的动宾关系,而该不定式的动词为不及物动词时,其后须加上适当的介词,构成动词短语。
He has nobody to rely on.
他没有依赖的人。
5.当作定语的动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同。
I have some clothes to wash.(动词不定式to wash的动作执行者是“我”)
I have some clothes to be washed.(动词不定式to be washed的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”)
【即学即练】单句语法填空
1.There may not be enough things (choose) from.
2.Researchers have a good way (deal) with this problem.
3.What’s more ,walking in the nature reserve,you have a chance__________ (see)rare animals like giant pandas and golden monkeys.
4.At this point,it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability
(recognize)different facial expressions in humans.
to choose
to deal
to see
to recognize
二、动词不定式作结果状语
动词不定式表示结果时,通常用主动形式,且总是出现在句尾,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。结果状语常常只限于动词learn,find,see,hear,make等具有界限含义的动词。
I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.
我在午夜醒来发现一个游泳池在我的帐篷里。
【温馨提示】
动词不定式作结果状语还有以下特殊结构
1.only to do结构,表示意想不到的结果。
Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day,only to meet with a “good”,quickly followed by “I’m hungry”.
大多数父母都会急切地问孩子一天过得怎么样,结果只听到一句“好”,紧接着就是一句“我饿了”。
2.so/such...as to do结构
She was so angry as to be unable to speak.
她如此生气,因此说不出话来。
She won’t be such a careless person as to forget to lock the door.
她不是一个如此粗心的人以至于会忘记锁门。
3.enough to do结构
Fortunately,after a brief stay in hospital,Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.
幸运的是,在医院待了一段时间后,本已经康复,可以出院了。后来,一家人聚在一起吃晚饭。
4.too...to...结构
They were worried that I was too selfish to give.
他们担心我太自私,不愿付出。
【即学即练】单句写作
天气还是有点太冷了,不适合他们走到户外。
It’s still a little________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ out into the open.
too cold for them to go
