2023—2024学年第一学期高一年级第一次阶段考试
英语学科
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段 对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman usually travel
A. By car B. By plane C. By train
2. What has the man been doing recently
A. Playing football B. Traveling in Sanya C. Sitting in the sun
3. How does Mike probably feel now
A. Disappointed B. Happy C. Worried
4. Who kept coughing in the cinema
A. The young couple B. The little boy C. The old woman
5 What will the man do next
A. Start writing his report B. Go to see a customer C. Go to Mr Black’s office
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6—7题。
6. Where is the man now
A. In New York B. In Tokyo C. In Beijing
7. What do we know about the man
A. He didn’t like his job in Tokyo
B. He doesn’t like traveling around
C. He likes teaching very much
听第7段材料，回答第8—10题。
8. What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers
A. Teacher and student B. Classmates C. Mother and son
9. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Ask Alice for help B. Ask Tom for help. C. Ask his teacher for help
10. What will the man probably do
A. Teach Tom Spanish and learn math from him.
B. Teach Tom how to solve math problems
C. Join several clubs with Tom and Alice
听第8段材料，回答第11—13题。
11. When does the conference(会议)begin
A. At 3:30 B. At 4:00 C. At 4:30
12. What happened to the speakers
A. There was something wrong with the taxi
B. They got stuck in a traffic jam
C. They got lost on the street
13. Why was the woman late last time
A. Because she had a traffic accident
B. Because the traffic was bad
C. Because she woke up late
听第9段材料，回答第14—17题。
14. What was the weather like last Saturday
A. Fine at first but rainy later
B. Windy at first but fine later
C. Fine at first but windy later
15. What does the woman think of the man
A. He is very kind-hearted
B. He is not careful enough
C. He is very brave
16. What do we know about Jenny
A. She loves her grandma very much
B. She doesn’t like outdoor activities
C. She doesn’t like spending time with the man
17. What will the man do tomorrow
A. Go to watch a movie B. Go boating with Jenny C. Go to visit Jenny’s grandma
听第10段材料，回答第18—20题。
18. What does the father do at Wild Dog Research Camp
A. He teaches local children
B. He studies wild animals
C He cooks and keeps the camp clean
19. How many tents are there
A. 10 B. 15 C. 5
20. What does Jack want to do when he grows up
A. To train dogs for movies
B. To be a movie star
C. To study animals in Africa
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Our book recommendation list today is suitable for children aged 8 to 12.
Dear Mr. Henshaw by Beverly Cleary
Leigh Botts moves to a new town with his mother after his parents’ divorce. He thinks nothing of it when he writes to the author, Mr. Henshaw, as part of a class assignment. But when he receives a reply, the pair begin to form an unlikely friendship. This story provides an honest angle through the eyes of a young boy adapting to a new family structure.
The Boy on the Porch by Sharon Creech
A mysterious boy Jaccob shows up on the front porch (门廊) of John and Marta’s home one day. The young couple have no idea where he comes from, but day after day, the boy remains, so John and Marta take it upon themselves to care for him. Forming an unlikely connection, they discover what it means to be a family.
The Facts and Fictions of Minna Pratt by Patricia MacLachlan
Living in a family of strange characters, Minna Pratt wishes for her family to be more peaceful and more normal. When she befriends the new student in her string band, Minna envies his orderly and “perfect”family. But Lucas can’t help being attracted by her family. Minna’s story, an offbeat story about family and identity, is unusual yet poetic in voice.
Shadow of a Bull by Maia Wojciechowska
Juan Olivar, the great bullfighter(斗牛士), died when his son, Manolo, was three. The pressure of being the town’s greatest bullfighter falls upon Manolo’s shoulders, as the people of Arcangal expect Manolo to continue his father’s legacy. But unknown to anyone. Manolo is terrified of facing the bulls. Will he eventually gather his courage to enter the ring. or explore his own path forward The story will encourage you to follow your dreams.
1. Which book describes the story from the angle of a child
A. Dear Mr. Henshaw.
B. The Boy on the Porch.
C. The Facts and Fictions of Minna Pratt.
D Shadow of a Bull.
2. Who will be the least likely one to adapt to a completely new life
A. Jaccob.
B. Minna Pratt.
C. Leigh Botts.
D. Manolo Olivar.
3. What do the four books have in common
A. They are famous science fiction.
B. They talk about some wealthy kids.
C. They share a common theme- family.
D. They are intended for middle school students.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本适合8到12岁的孩子阅读的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Dear Mr. Henshaw by Beverly Cleary下的段落中“This story provides an honest angle through the eyes of a young boy adapting to a new family structure.(这个故事通过一个适应新的家庭结构的小男孩的眼睛，提供了一个诚实的视角)”可知，《亲爱的亨肖先生》这本书从孩子的角度描述了这个故事。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据小标题Shadow of a Bull by Maia Wojciechowska下的段落中“Juan Olivar, the great bullfighter, died when his son, Manolo, was three. The pressure of being the town’s greatest bullfighter falls upon Manolo’s shoulders, as the people of Arcangal expect Manolo to continue his father’s legacy. But unknown to anyone. Manolo is terrified of facing the bulls. (伟大的斗牛士胡安·奥利瓦尔去世时，他的儿子马诺洛才三岁。作为镇上最伟大的斗牛士的压力落在了马诺洛的肩上，因为阿尔坎加尔的人们希望马诺洛继承他父亲的遗产。但谁也不知道。马诺洛害怕面对公牛)”可推知，Manolo Olivar是最不可能适应全新生活的人。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据小标题Dear Mr. Henshaw by Beverly Cleary下的段落中“This story provides an honest angle through the eyes of a young boy adapting to a new family structure.(这个故事通过一个适应新的家庭结构的小男孩的眼睛，提供了一个诚实的视角)”；以及小标题The Boy on the Porch by Sharon Creech下的段落中“Forming an unlikely connection, they discover what it means to be a family.(形成了一种不太可能的联系，他们发现了家庭意味着什么)”；以及小标题The Facts and Fictions of Minna Pratt by Patricia MacLachlan下的段落中“Minna’s story, an offbeat story about family and identity, is unusual yet poetic in voice.(明娜的故事，一个关于家庭和身份的另类故事，与众不同，却又充满诗意)”和小标题Shadow of a Bull by Maia Wojciechowska下的段落中“The pressure of being the town’s greatest bullfighter falls upon Manolo’s shoulders, as the people of Arcangal expect Manolo to continue his father’s legacy.(作为镇上最伟大的斗牛士的压力落在了马诺洛的肩上，因为阿尔坎加尔的人们希望马诺洛继承他父亲的遗产)”可知，这四本书的共同点是它们有一个共同的主题——家庭。故选C项。
B
If you’ve ever taken a class in drawing, painting or pottery and in spite of your best effort, couldn’t make the final result look anything like the model shown, you may have thought, “I don’t have a creative bone in my body.”
According to some scientists, who for the past 20 years have put the elusive (难以解释的) subject of creativity through the rigors (严谨) of research, you are underestimating yourself. Da Vinci you may never be, but when it comes to creativity, we are all somewhat blessed (享有). It’s learning to encourage this unique tool of extraordinary productivity, and then applying it in everything you do, that counts to tell you from figures like Da Vinci.
“Even if we don’t have the good fortune to discover a new chemical element or write a great story, the love of the creative process for its own sake is available to all,” says Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi in Creativity: Flow and Psychology of Discovery and Invention.
Most people believe the area of creativity has been awarded to those thought to have special talent. We look upon these “creative geniuses,” as we often call them, with great respect and a bit of envy. Their abilities, most people believe, ore bestowed (给予) by good genes, or, as if in Greek mythology (神话), from some kind of divine (天赐的) inspiration.
There is no doubt that the world is never short of highly talented and creative people. They are masters of their trades and stand heads-and-shoulders above commoners, making new pathways for others to follow, and providing greater context and understanding of our world. It could be said that without creativity humanity would not evolve so rapidly.
But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who improves his skill through years of continuous training, foregoing other pursuits for the only passion, people who show the slightest unwillingness for tough labor may finally find their boasted (自夸的) ability disappear.
After closely studying 91 creative and influential people, including novelists, playwrights, composers, musicians and scientists, Csikszentmihalyi concludes that no one would ignore the sweat they shed (流淌) and their almost crazy willingness to follow their creative efforts to the very end, wherever that may be. These are the very things we all can master, so long as we’d like to.
4. It’s widely believed that creativity comes from ______.
A. good training people receive from artistic classes B. the inborn genes or relevant gifts.
C. the tool we learn from masters like Da Vinci D. certain Greek historical textbooks
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. Common people rather than creative ones lead in various professions.
B. People’s admiration of geniuses makes humanity develop quickly.
C. The field of baseball requires more gifts than hard work.
D. The building of creativity lies in devotion and effort.
6. The underlined word foregoing is closest in meaning to ______.
A. giving up B. counting on C. referring to D. turning to
7. What is the passage mainly about
A. How ordinary people and scientists view things differently.
B. The reasons for the development of various trades and humanity.
C. People’s misunderstanding of creativity and its true nature.
D. Ordinary people’s unwillingness to follow the examples of creative ones.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们普遍认为创造力是一种天赋，其实这是一种误解，科学家验证了创造力是与人的辛苦付出分不开的。只要人们愿意付出艰辛努力，创造力是可以掌握的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Most people believe the area of creativity has been awarded to those thought to have special talent. We look upon these “creative geniuses,” as we often call them, with great respect and a bit of envy. Their abilities, most people believe, ore bestowed (给予) by good genes, or, as if in Greek mythology (神话), from some kind of divine (天赐的) inspiration.(大多数人认为创造力是授予那些被认为有特殊才能的人的。我们对这些我们常称他们为“创造性天才”的人满怀敬意，也带着一点嫉妒。大多数人相信，他们的能力来自良好的基因，或者像希腊神话中一样，来自某种神的启示)”可知，人们普遍认为创造力来自与生俱来的基因或相关的天赋。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who hones his skill through years of continuous training, foregoing other pursuits for the sole passion, people who show the slightest reluctance for arduous labor are bound to witness their boasted ability disappear.(但是，就像一个公认的有创造力的棒球运动员，通过多年的持续训练来磨练他的技术，放弃了其他的追求，为了唯一的爱好，那些对艰苦的劳动表现出丝毫不情愿的人，必然会看到他们所夸耀的能力消失)”可知，通过多年的持续艰苦训练才会成就有创造力的棒球运动员，而对于没有坚持艰苦付出和努力的人是不会再有所夸耀的“创造力”的。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在短语“foregoing other pursuits for the sole passion”中“the sole passion”应是指前文“But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who hones his skill through years of continuous training”提及的“baseball”，棒球运动。由此可知，一个有创造力的棒球运动员应是为了棒球运动这一目标而不断努力训练，从而会放弃其他的“爱好”。由此可推知，“foregoing”应是“放弃”含义，与选项A“giving up”含义一致。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章第二段内容“According to some scientists, who for the past 20 years have put the elusive subject of creativity through the rigors of research, you are underrating yourself. Da Vinci you may never be, but when it comes to creativity, we are all somewhat blessed.(根据一些科学家的说法，在过去的20年里，他们把创造力这个难以捉摸的课题通过了严格的研究，你低估了自己。你也许永远不会成为达·芬奇，但说到创意，我们都多少有点福气)”以及最后一段“Csikszentmihalyi concludes that no one would ignore the sweat they shed (流淌) and their almost crazy willingness to follow their creative efforts to the very end, wherever that may be. These are the very things we all can master, so long as we’d like to.(Csikszentmihalyi的结论是，没有人会忽视他们所付出的汗水，以及他们近乎疯狂的意愿，无论他们的创造性努力是在哪里，都要坚持到底。只要我们愿意，这些都是我们可以掌握的)”可知，本文主要是关于人们对创造力的误解及其本质。故选C。
C
As people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety this past year, many turned to their favorite comfort foods: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. Instead, whole foods such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.
Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise, sound sleep, a heart-healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation (发炎) and have benefits for the brain. Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical professor at the Columbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favorite foods, and finds out if foods that he considers important for the connection are missing from their diets, such as plants, seafood.
Dr. Ramsey said he does not wat people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food. “Lots of people get their food exactly right, live very active lives, and still have significant troubles with their mental health,” he said. But he also teaches people that food can be empowering. “We can’t control our genes,” he said. “But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.”
8. What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on
A. How our diets affect our mental health. B. How our diets affect our physical health.
C. How our mental health affects our diets. D. How our physical health affects our diets.
9. Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients
A. They try to cater to their patients’ needs.
B. They are questioning public health experts.
C. They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.
D. They have accepted the findings of large population studies.
10. Which of the following might Dr. Ramsey agree with
A. Some connection exists between our diets and mental health.
B. People can control their genes as well as how they eat.
C. People living active lives will not have mental problems.
D. Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort.
B. The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health.
C. Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.
D. Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响心理健康，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. (然而，从历史上看，营养研究主要关注我们所吃的食物如何影响我们的身体健康，而不是我们的心理健康)”可知，以前的营养研究主要关注我们的饮食如何影响我们的身体健康。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group. (多年来，大量的人口研究发现，与对照组相比，被指定遵循地中海饮食法三个月的人在三个月后抑郁症状的减轻程度更大)”可知，大量人口研究结果显示，遵循地中海饮食法的人会减轻病症，所以个别临床医生要求将营养纳入他们对患者的工作是因为他们接受了大量人口研究的结果。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis. (但我们可以控制我们的饮食方式，这让人们可以采取行动，每天都可以照顾自己的大脑健康)”可知，拉姆齐博士认为控制饮食方式可以让人们采取行动照顾自己的大脑健康，所以他同意饮食和心理健康之间存在某种联系。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. (但是最近几年的研究表明，当我们感到压力或抑郁时，高糖和高脂肪的食物虽然看起来很舒服，但对我们的心理健康最不可能有好处)”以及最后一段“But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis. (但我们可以控制我们的饮食方式，这让人们可以采取行动，每天都可以照顾自己的大脑健康)”可知，文章主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响心理健康，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。故选C项。
D
Tommy, a 26-year-old chimp(猩猩),lives in a small cage in a used truck sales lot in New York. Retired from movie work and whatever else once occupied him, he has no chimp friends to keep him company — just a TV. He is worlds away from the rainforest of Western Africa, where chimps spend most of their lives in trees, hunting, and socializing together.
His owner hasn't broken any laws, but an animal rights group called the Nonhuman Rights Project (NhRP) is trying to change the view. The group says chimps have such a humanlike intelligence that they should be recognized as “legal persons" and be placed in an animal shelter and wander free.
You've probably heard the term “animal rights”, but animals don't actually have rights in many countries. Animal-welfare laws punish people who mistreat animals, but that's not the same as chimps having a right to liberty or anything else.
NhRP's first step is to ask a judge to end people's unjust arrest on behalf of Tommy and other privately owned chimps. If the court decides to recognize chimps as legal persons, NhRP's next step will be arguing for what rights the chimps should be granted. "The right that we believe they should have most of all is the right to bodily liberty," says Wise, a NhRP group member. "They should be able to choose how to live their lives.”
Tommy's owner, Pat Lavery, says he rescued Tommy from a careless owner about a decade ago and denies the chimp is mistreated or unhappy. "He likes being by himself," he says.
“There's a danger in making a jump to say they're just like people," says Richard Cupp, a professor who writes about animals and the law. "If we' re really focused on chimps being very, very smart, then who knows if maybe someday we might …say, ‘Hey, here's a particular human being that's not very smart at all, maybe the chimps have higher status than this person.’”
12. What can we know about Tommy
A. He is living a very lonely life.
B. He dislikes living in the rainforest.
C. He likes watching movies very much,
D. He was illegally bought by Pat Lavery.
13. What can we infer from the text
A. Great progress has been made on improving animal rights.
B. Pat Lavery is thought to mistreat Tommy by NhRP.
C. Animal rights are going from bad to worse.
D. Animal rights have been admitted in western countries.
14. What's the final goal NhRP wants to achieve
A. To ensure chimps' bodily safety. B. To stop illegal hunting of chimps.
C. To help chimps find their families. D. To help chimps enjoy their freedom.
15. What's Richard Cupp's attitude towards NhRP's efforts to win rights for chimps
A. Hopeful, B. Uncaring.
C. Worried. D. Supportive.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了一个名为“非人权项目”(NhRP)的动物权利组织为黑猩猩争取权利而努力的事件引发争议。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Retired from movie work and whatever else once occupied him, he has no chimp friends to keep him company — just a TV.”（从电影和其他曾经占据他的工作中退休后，他没有黑猩猩朋友陪伴他——只有一台电视。）可知，汤米过着非常孤独的生活。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Tommy's owner, Pat Lavery, says he rescued Tommy from a careless owner about a decade ago and denies the chimp is mistreated or unhappy.”（汤米的主人帕特·拉弗里(Pat Lavery)说，大约十年前他从一个粗心大意的主人手中救出了汤米，并否认这只黑猩猩受到了虐待或不开心。）可推断，NhRP认为帕特·拉弗里虐待汤米。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The group says chimps have such a humanlike intelligence that they should be recognized as “legal persons" and be placed in an animal shelter and wander free.”（该组织说，黑猩猩具有类似人类的智力，它们应该被认定为“法人”，并被安置在动物收容所，可以自由漫步。）根据倒数第三段“They should be able to choose how to live their lives”他们应该能够选择如何生活。可推断，NhRP的最终目标是帮助黑猩猩获得自由。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““There's a danger in making a jump to say they're just like people," says Richard Cupp, a professor who writes about animals and the law. "If we' re really focused on chimps being very, very smart, then who knows if maybe someday we might …say, ‘Hey, here's a particular human being that's not very smart at all, maybe the chimps have higher status than this person.’””（“轻率地说它们和人类一样是有危险的，”研究动物和法律的教授理查德·卡普(Richard Cupp)说。“如果我们真的把注意力集中在非常非常聪明的黑猩猩身上，那么谁知道也许有一天我们会说，‘嘿，这有一个人一点也不聪明，也许黑猩猩的地位比这个人高。’”）可推断，Richard Cupp对NhRP为黑猩猩争取权利的努力持担忧的态度。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The things that you do, words that you say, and feelings that you express, contribute to your children’s level of confidence. _____16_____, then read on.
Love and acceptance
We know that you love your children. But do they know that you love them, accept them just as they are, and respect them Give your children plenty of love even if you are not able to do it all the time. _____17_____. Unconditional love will help them grow into a confident human being.
_____18_____
Nobody is perfect. But to raise a confident child, you should not stress too much on the shortcomings. Positive parenting focuses on developing what is good in a child, and making him or her feel empowered. If your children feel defeated by disappointments in life, help them look at the bright side by talking about their success.
Let them make decisions
_____19_____. It also empowers children as it gives them the ability to choose something. But they don’t have the ability of an adult and may not know how to reach a decision all by themselves.
Praise when they deserve it
It is easy to blame a child when he or she does something wrong. And we never forget to do that. But when the child does something right, we don’t always praise him or her. We are not talking about praising the child for every little thing he or she does well. _____20_____.
A. Make full use of the advantage
B. Focus on strengths, deal with weaknesses
C. Your children need to know that they are loved and accepted
D. Decision making is an important life skill that children need to learn to be confident
E. If you want to do and say the right things to help build confidence in your children
F. But if the child has put in the effort and achieved something, appreciate it
G. When you are not aware of the importance of making yourself confident
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些帮助孩子建立自信的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The things that you do, words that you say, and feelings that you express, contribute to your children’s level of confidence. (你做的事情，你说的话，你表达的感受，有助于你孩子的自信程度)”和下午“then read on (然后继续往下读。)”，可知设空处承上启下，选项E“如果你想做正确的事，说正确的话来帮助你的孩子建立信心”符合题意，并且选项中的“build confidence”呼应上文“confidence”，而且能和下文构成完整的句子，故选E。
【17题详解】
本段小标题“Love and acceptance (爱与接纳)”以及上文“But do they know that you love them, accept them just as they are, and respect them Give your children plenty of love even if you are not able to do it all the time. (但是他们知道你爱他们，接受他们本来的样子，尊重他们吗 给你的孩子足够的爱，即使你不能一直这样做。)”可知设空处应和爱与接纳有关，C选项“你的孩子需要知道他们是被爱和被接受的。”符合本段主题，并且选项中的“loved and accepted”呼应主题，故选C。
【18题详解】
设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Nobody is perfect. But to raise a confident child, you should not stress too much on the shortcomings. Positive parenting focuses on developing what is good in a child, and making him or her feel empowered. If your children feel defeated by disappointments in life, help them look at the bright side by talking about their success. (人无完人。但要培养一个自信的孩子，你不应该过分强调缺点。积极的父母教育注重培养孩子的优点，让他或她感到有力量。如果你的孩子被生活中的失望打败了，通过谈论他们的成功来帮助他们看到光明的一面。)”可知本段讲述对待孩子要关注优点，不要过分强调缺点，B选项“关注优点，克服缺点”符合本段主旨，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Let them make decisions(让他们做决定)”可知，空处内容与让孩子作决定有关，D选项“为了自信，做决定是孩子们需要学会一项重要的生活技能。”符合题意，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“It is easy to blame a child when he or she does something wrong. And we never forget to do that. But when the child does something right, we don’t always praise him or her. We are not talking about praising the child for every little thing he or she does well. (当孩子做错事时，很容易责怪他。我们永远不会忘记这样做。但是当孩子做了正确的事情时，我们并不总是表扬他或她。我们并不是说要因为孩子做得好的每一件小事就表扬他。)”可推断下文应该何时对孩子进行表扬，F选项“但如果孩子付出了努力，取得了一些成绩，那就赞赏。”符合题意，并且紧扣本段小标题“在他们值得表扬的时候表扬他们”，故选F。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have ____21____ feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common ____22____ between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over ____23____ rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the ____24____. On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for ____25____ the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.
The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different ____26____ to these problems. However, some approaches are more ____27____ than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but ____28____ clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s ____29____. On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the ____30____ of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to ____31____ their actions.
Psychologists say that ____32____ is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should ____33____ to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may ____34____ their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private munication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and ____35____ each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
21. A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar
22. A. interest B. argument C. link D. knowledge
23. A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked
24. A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research
25. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing
26. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes
27. A. flexible B. popular C. unique D. successful
28. A. later B. originally C. seldom D. thoroughly
29. A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature
30. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. challenges
31. A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider
32. A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trust
33. A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk
34. A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop
35. A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。父母和青少年之间最常见的争论是关于不整洁和日常工作，本文讨论了如何解决这一问题。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，青少年对他们的父母也有类似的感受，他们说和父母生活在一起不容易。A. natural自然的；B. strong强壮的；C. guilty犯罪的；D. similar类似的。根据空前“Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers”、空后的“saying that it is not easy living with them”可知，父母和孩子有着相似的感觉。父母觉得很难与青少年生活。然后青少年也有和父母相似的感受，说和他们一起生活不容易。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最近的一项研究，父母和青少年之间最常见的争论是关于不整洁和日常任务。A. interest兴趣；B. argument争论；C. link联系；D. knowledge知识。根据下文“On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the 4 .”可知，因为父母不满意孩子不能保持自己房间的干净、整齐、卫生而发生争吵，所以关于不整洁和日常任务，是父母和青少年之间最常见的争论。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一方面，父母对凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服和他们的孩子拒绝帮助做家务感到愤怒。A. noisy喧闹的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. messy杂乱的；D. locked上锁的。根据后文“clothes thrown on the floor”可知，扔在地板上的衣服，可知房间很凌乱。故选C。
24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一方面，父母对凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服和他们的孩子拒绝帮助做家务感到愤怒。A. homework家庭作业；B. housework家务；C. problem问题；D. research研究。根据前文的“the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help”可知，父母和青少年之间最常见的争论是关于不整洁和日常任务。由此推知，孩子拒绝帮助做家务。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，当父母责备他们把毛巾丢在浴室里、不打扫房间或拒绝在超市购物时，青少年会不断失去耐心。A. washing洗；B. using使用；C. dropping丢；D. replacing更换。根据空后“the towel in the bathroom”可知，父母责备青少年把毛巾丢在浴室里。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项由圣乔治大学进行的研究表明，不同的父母对这些问题有不同的处理方法。A. approaches方法；B. contributions贡献；C. introductions介绍；D. attitudes态度。根据后文“to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others”可知，不同的父母对这些问题有不同的处理方法。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，有些方法比其他方法更成功。A. flexible灵活的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. unique独特的；D. successful成功的。根据后文“On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better.”可知，后文列举了一些成功的父母的做法。所以，此处指一些方法比其他人的更成功。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些因为孩子不整洁而对他们大喊大叫，但后来又为他们打扫房间的父母，改变孩子行为的机会更少。A. later后来；B. originally起初；C. seldom很少；D. thoroughly彻底。根据前面“those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness”和后文“clean the room for them”可知，父母先因为孩子邋遢而大吼大叫，应该是后来又为他们收拾房间。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些因为孩子不整洁而对他们大喊大叫，但后来又为他们打扫房间的父母，改变孩子行为的机会更少。A. behavior行为；B. taste味道；C. future未来；D. nature自然。根据上文“those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them”可知，孩子不改变行为是因为父母责备了他们，然后又帮他们收拾，这使孩子认为被批评了就可以不做了。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，那些让青少年体验其行为后果的人可以做得更好。A. failures失败；B. changes改变；C. consequences后果；D. challenges挑战。根据前文的“experience”和后文“of their actions can do better”可知，有些父母让青少年体验其行为后果。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，当不帮助父母购物的青少年在冰箱里找不到他们最喜欢的饮料时，他们被迫重新考虑自己的行为。A. defend防守；B. delay延迟；C. repeat重复；D. reconsider重新考虑。根据前文的“when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator”和后文“their actions”可知，青少年在冰箱里找不到他们最喜欢的饮料时，他们被迫重新考虑自己的行为，即是否自己应该承担部分家务。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家说，在亲子关系中，沟通是最重要的。A. communication沟通；B. bond联系；C. friendship友谊；D. trust信任。根据后文的“Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say.”可知，父母应该和他们的孩子交谈，但同时他们也应该倾听他们要说的话，所以在亲子关系中，沟通是最重要的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母应该和他们的孩子交谈，但同时他们也应该倾听他们要说的话。A. reply答复；B. attend参加；C. attach附上；D. talk交谈。根据后文的“but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say”可知，父母也应该倾听孩子们要说的话，but表示转折，所以前文表示父母应该和他们的孩子交谈。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子不整洁时，父母可能会责备他们，但他们也应该明白，他们的房间是他们自己的私人空间。A. hate恨；B. scold责备；C. frighten吓唬；D. stop停止。根据后文的“their children when they are untidy”可知，当孩子不整洁时，父母可能会责备他们。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有通过相互倾听和理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能得到解决。A. loving爱；B. observing观察；C. understanding理解；D. praising赞美。根据后文的“each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.”可知，只有通过相互倾听和理解，问题才能得到解决。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A’Driane Nieves didn’t attend art school, and she never dreamed of _____36_____ (become) an artist. That changed when Nieves began to struggle _____37_____ mental health. Painting is not only treatment for her, but it’s her career now. “Painting is now the primary way that I express _____38_____ (I),” Nieves said. Nieves experienced deep _____39_____ (anxious) after giving birth to her second son in 2010. Later, she was diagnosed (诊断) with Bipolar II disorder. “My doctor suggested to me that I find something creative to help manage the pressure,” she said.
Nieves tried crocheting (钩编) for about two weeks. She admitted she was _____40_____ (tire) of it. And one day, she picked up painting. As she poured the paint and moved it around with her hands, she felt _____41_____ sense of relief. “Within 45 minutes to an hour, I felt _____42_____ (complete) different from what I had before,” she said.
Since she started painting in 2012, Nieves _____43_____ (create) more than 1,000 pieces. In 2012,she set up her workshop. “I would like to encourage anyone _____44_____ is living with a mental disorder to be kind to themselves and remember that you are worthy. You have the right _____45_____ (live) a full and healthy life even while managing a mental health condition like this.”
【答案】36. becoming
37. with##against
38. myself
39. anxiety
40. tired 41. a
42. completely
43. has created
44. who 45. to live
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了A’Driane Nieves通过绘画来与精神疾病作斗争的故事。她用她的作品以及她的经历来鼓励那些和她一样遭受精神疾病的人要善待自己并发现自己的价值。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：A’Driane Nieves没有上过艺术学校，她也从未梦想过成为一名艺术家。空处前有介词of，因此空处应填become“变成”的动名词，作介词of的宾语。故填becoming。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：当Nieves开始与精神健康问题作斗争时，这种情况发生了变化。struggle with/against…是固定短语，意为“与……作斗争”。故填with/against。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：Nieves说，“绘画现在是我表达自己的主要方式。”。分析句子可知，I是主语，express是谓语，故此处应填人称代词作宾语，空处的I与主语是同一人，空处应填反身代词myself“我自己”。故填myself。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：Nieves在2010年生下第二个儿子后经历了深深的焦虑。分析句子可知，experienced是谓语动词，且空处前有形容词deep，因此空处应填名词anxiety“焦虑”，作宾语。故填anxiety。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她承认她已经厌倦了。分析句子可知，was是系动词，空处应填形容词，作表语，说明主语的感受，故应用-ed结尾形容词tired，be tired of“厌烦”。故填tired。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当她倒上颜料并用手来回移动时，她感到一种解脱感。分析句子可知，sense是可数名词且用了单数形式，此处表示泛指“一种解脱感”，sense以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：她说，“在45分钟到一个小时内，我感觉和以前完全不同。”分析句子可知，空处修饰后文的形容词different，空处应用副词completely“完全地”，作状语，修饰different。故填completely。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自2012年开始绘画以来，Nieves已经创作了1000多幅作品。分析句子可知，空处在句中做谓语，根据前文的since可知，主句要用现在完成时，且主语Nieves为第三人称单数形式，助动词用has。故填has created。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我想鼓励任何患有精神障碍的人善待自己，并记住你是有价值的。分析句子可知，此处考查引导定语从句的关系词，且关系词指代先行词anyone，anyone指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，只能用who引导定语从句。故填who。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：即使是在应对这样的精神健康状况时，你有权过上充实健康的生活。live a...life“过……生活”。分析句子可知，此处考查have the right to do sth.结构，意为“有权做某事”，此处应用动词不定式，作后置定语，修饰right。故填to live。
第四部分 基础语言运用(共三节，满分25分)
第一节(每小题1分，满分5分)
选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。
efficient concern protect crowd judge suffer sight
46. As far as I am ________, nothing is as important as his daughter.
47. People are more likely to ________ from back problems if they always sit before computers for long hours.
48. Faced with the high pressure, we should make a plan and work ________.
49. The Great Wall was ________ with the students who wanted to attend the lecture.
50. ________ from her last email, they had a wonderful time in Pairs.
【答案】46. concerned
47. suffer 48. efficiently
49. crowded
50. Judging
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：就我而言，没有什么比他的女儿更重要了。结合上下文可知，该空填concerned，固定短语as far as I am concerned意思为“就我而言”。故填concerned。
【47题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果人们总是长时间坐在电脑前，他们更有可能患上背部问题。结合上下文可知，该空填suffer，固定短语suffer from意思为“（患）某种病”，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填suffer。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：面对高压，我们应该制定计划，高效工作。结合上下文可知，该空填efficiently“高效地”，修饰动词wok，作状语。故填efficiently。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：长城上挤满了想参加讲座的学生。结合上下文可知，该空填crowded，固定短语be crowded with 意思为“挤满”。故填crowded。
【50题详解】
考查固定短语、非谓语动词。句意：从她的上一封电子邮件来看，他们在巴黎度过了一段美好的时光。表示“从……来看”，用固定短语judge from。本句谓语为had，此处为非谓语动词，本句中用judging from作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Judging。
第二节(每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。
51. ______ (同样重要的)are good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.(根据中文提示填空)
【答案】Of equal importance
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：同样重要的是良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度。根据中文提示“同样重要的”可知短语为of equal importance，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Of equal importance。
52. ________ (最后但同等重要的是), when you find problems that defeat you, turn to your teachers. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Last but not least
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：最后但同等重要的是，当你发现难倒你的问题时，求助于你的老师。根据汉语提示可知，空处可用固定短语last but not least，作修饰整个句子的状语，且空处位于句首，last的首字母需大写。故填Last but not least。
53. Linda sometimes has trouble ________ (放弃，放手) the past, making both herself and her family suffer a lot. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】letting go of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：琳达有时很难放下过去，这让她自己和她的家人都很痛苦。根据汉语提示“放弃，放手”可知，此处使用固定短语let go of，且have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”为固定短语，用动名词宾语。故填letting go of。
54. I’m worried that your criticism has begun to ________ (逐渐破坏) Lucy, she seems very quite and unhappy these days. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】eat away at
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我担心你的批评已经开始侵蚀露西了，她这些天看起来很不开心。根据汉语提示“逐渐破坏”可知，此处使用固定短语eat away at，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填eat away at。
55. He was too proud to ________ and admit mistakes. (放弃；让步) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】back down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他太骄傲了，不肯让步，不肯承认错误。空前to为不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是back down意为“放弃；让步”。故填back down。
56. He never lets anything ________ his friends ________ him. (离间，妨碍) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. come between ②. and
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他从不让任何事情影响他和朋友之间的关系。空前let是使役动词，空处应填动词原形作补足语，根据所给中文提示词，应是come between...and...意为“离间，妨碍”。故填①come between，②and。
57. Good friends are those with whom we can share our joys and sorrows ________. (最大程度上) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】in full measure
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：好朋友是那些我们可以充分分享我们的喜怒哀乐的人。根据所给中文提示词，应是固定短语：in full measure意为“最大程度上”。故填in full measure。
58. The stress of this situation is killing me, and I’m _____________(不知所措) what to do next. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】at a loss
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：这种情况压力快把我累死了，我不知道下一步该怎么办。根据汉语提示“不知所措”，可知应用短语at a loss，此短语是固定搭配，故填at a loss。
59. Despite the heavy rain, we ________ (准时到达) to the conference. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】made it
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：尽管下着大雨，我们还是准时到达了会议。结合空后的“to the conference”可知，可用动词短语make it to表示“成功到达，准时到达”，且此处应该是叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，make需用过去式的形式。故填made it。
60. Tim hopelessly watched the train pulling out and finally disappearing ________. (脱离视线) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】out of sight
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：蒂姆绝望地看着火车驶出，最后消失在她的视线之外。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要填out of sight“看不见，脱离视线”，为介词短语。 故填out of sight。
第三节(每小题1分，满分10分)
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
61. It is ________ (generosity) of him to give away these books to the library.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】generous
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他把这些书捐给图书馆真是慷慨。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词generous“慷慨”，作表语。故填generous。
62. For unexpected ________ (emergency), we still have a “little bank” to depend on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】emergencies
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：对于突发事件，我们仍然有一个“小银行”可以依靠。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用名词emergency“突发事件，紧急情况”，空前无冠词，结合句意可知，突发事件不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作For的宾语。故填emergencies。
63. Working from home offers workers many ________ lifestyles. (根据句意填写单词)
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在家办公为员工提供了许多灵活的生活方式。空处应填形容词修饰名词lifestyle，根据语境可知，本空填形容词flexible“灵活的”，作定语。故填flexible。
64. He considered that the change would be ______（benefit）to her health. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他认为这种变化对她的健康是有好处的。分析句子可知，本句为含有宾语从句的复合句。其中"that..."为宾语从句，空白处在句中做表语，所以用形容词。故填beneficial。
65. Our environment is suffering due to the ________ (explode) of population. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】explosion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的环境由于人口的爆炸而受到损害。空格处用名词作宾语，explode的名词是explosion，意为“暴增”，表抽象意义，不可数，故填explosion。
66. It is ________ (recognize) that he is the best actor in the film. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recognized
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：大家都认为他是这部电影中最好的男演员。此处是固定句型：it is recognized that意为“……是公认的”。故填recognized。
67. In ________ to COVID-19, people are called on to keep one-meter social distance. (根据句意填写单词)
【答案】response##reaction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为应对新冠肺炎疫情，我们呼吁人们保持一米的社交距离。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填名词，应是response或者reaction意为“反应”，in response/reaction to“作为对……的反应”，为固定短语。故填response或者reaction。
68. You should take ________ of school activities to improve your communication skills. (根据句意填写单词)
【答案】advantage
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你应该利用学校的活动来提高你的沟通技巧。根据语境可知，此处使用名词advantage，作take的宾语，take advantage of “利用”为固定短语。故填advantage。
69. Sometimes parents forget that growing up is a ________ ride. (根据句意填写单词)
【答案】rough
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有时父母忘记了成长是一段坎坷的旅程。根据句意和汉语提示，应使用形容词rough作定语，修饰名词ride，意为“艰难的，坎坷的”。故填rough。
70. _________(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Basing
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：把一个重要的决定更多地建立在感情上而不是理智上，你迟早会后悔的。分析可知，句中谓语是“will regret”，空格处用非谓语动词，you和base之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Basing。
第五部分：应用文写作(满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华，你的朋友Charles因小事和同学发生争执，关系闹僵了，他来信向你请教如何与同学和睦相处，请根据以下要点写一封建议信，内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 如何解决该矛盾；
3. 如何与同学和睦相处。
注意：
1. 写作词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Charles,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Charles,
I’m sorry to hear that you quarrelled with your classmate over small things. I can understand your feelings. Don’t worry. Here is some advice for you.
The first thing you need to do is that you should calm down and communicate with your classmate to clear up the misunderstanding between you. What’s more, you had better learn to control your emotion, which will help you. In order to get on well with your classmates, you should be friendly to them and put yourself in others’ position.
I hope the advice will be helpful to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以李华的身份，给你的朋友Charles一些建议，教他如何与同学和睦相处。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestion
冷静：calm down→cool down
与……相处地好：get on well with→get along well with
有帮助的：helpful→instrumental
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to get on well with your classmates, you should be friendly to them and put yourself in others’ position.
拓展句：You should be friendly to your classmates and put yourself in others’ position so that you can get on well with them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear that you quarrelled with your classmate over small things. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】The first thing you need to do is that you should calm down and communicate with your classmate to clear up the misunderstanding between you. (运用省略关系代词引导的定语从句和that引导表语从句)2023—2024学年第一学期高一年级第一次阶段考试
英语学科
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段 对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman usually travel
A. By car B. By plane C. By train
2. What has the man been doing recently
A. Playing football B. Traveling in Sanya C. Sitting in the sun
3. How does Mike probably feel now
A. Disappointed B. Happy C. Worried
4. Who kept coughing in the cinema
A. The young couple B. The little boy C. The old woman
5. What will the man do next
A. Start writing his report B. Go to see a customer C. Go to Mr Black’s office
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6—7题。
6. Where is the man now
A. In New York B. In Tokyo C. In Beijing
7. What do we know about the man
A. He didn’t like his job in Tokyo
B. He doesn’t like traveling around
C. He likes teaching very much
听第7段材料，回答第8—10题。
8. What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers
A. Teacher and student B. Classmates C. Mother and son
9. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Ask Alice for help B. Ask Tom for help. C. Ask his teacher for help
10. What will the man probably do
A. Teach Tom Spanish and learn math from him.
B. Teach Tom how to solve math problems
C. Join several clubs with Tom and Alice
听第8段材料，回答第11—13题。
11. When does the conference(会议)begin
A. At 3:30 B. At 4:00 C. At 4:30
12. What happened to the speakers
A. There was something wrong with the taxi
B. They got stuck in a traffic jam
C They got lost on the street
13 Why was the woman late last time
A. Because she had a traffic accident
B. Because the traffic was bad
C. Because she woke up late
听第9段材料，回答第14—17题。
14. What was the weather like last Saturday
A. Fine at first but rainy later
B. Windy at first but fine later
C. Fine at first but windy later
15. What does the woman think of the man
A. He is very kind-hearted
B. He is not careful enough
C. He is very brave
16. What do we know about Jenny
A. She loves her grandma very much
B. She doesn’t like outdoor activities
C. She doesn’t like spending time with the man
17. What will the man do tomorrow
A. Go to watch a movie B. Go boating with Jenny C. Go to visit Jenny’s grandma
听第10段材料，回答第18—20题。
18. What does the father do at Wild Dog Research Camp
A. He teaches local children
B. He studies wild animals
C. He cooks and keeps the camp clean
19. How many tents are there
A. 10 B. 15 C. 5
20. What does Jack want to do when he grows up
A. To train dogs for movies
B. To be a movie star
C. To study animals in Africa
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Our book recommendation list today is suitable for children aged 8 to 12.
Dear Mr. Henshaw by Beverly Cleary
Leigh Botts moves to a new town with his mother after his parents’ divorce. He thinks nothing of it when he writes to the author, Mr. Henshaw, as part of a class assignment. But when he receives a reply, the pair begin to form an unlikely friendship. This story provides an honest angle through the eyes of a young boy adapting to a new family structure.
The Boy on the Porch by Sharon Creech
A mysterious boy Jaccob shows up on the front porch (门廊) of John and Marta’s home one day. The young couple have no idea where he comes from, but day after day, the boy remains, so John and Marta take it upon themselves to care for him. Forming an unlikely connection, they discover what it means to be a family.
The Facts and Fictions of Minna Pratt by Patricia MacLachlan
Living in a family of strange characters, Minna Pratt wishes for her family to be more peaceful and more normal. When she befriends the new student in her string band, Minna envies his orderly and “perfect”family. But Lucas can’t help being attracted by her family. Minna’s story, an offbeat story about family and identity, is unusual yet poetic in voice.
Shadow of a Bull by Maia Wojciechowska
Juan Olivar, the great bullfighter(斗牛士), died when his son, Manolo, was three. The pressure of being the town’s greatest bullfighter falls upon Manolo’s shoulders, as the people of Arcangal expect Manolo to continue his father’s legacy. But unknown to anyone. Manolo is terrified of facing the bulls. Will he eventually gather his courage to enter the ring. or explore his own path forward The story will encourage you to follow your dreams.
1. Which book describes the story from the angle of a child
A. Dear Mr. Henshaw.
B. The Boy on the Porch.
C. The Facts and Fictions of Minna Pratt.
D. Shadow of a Bull.
2. Who will be the least likely one to adapt to a completely new life
A. Jaccob.
B. Minna Pratt.
C. Leigh Botts.
D. Manolo Olivar.
3. What do the four books have in common
A. They are famous science fiction.
B. They talk about some wealthy kids.
C. They share a common theme- family.
D. They are intended for middle school students.
B
If you’ve ever taken a class in drawing, painting or pottery and in spite of your best effort, couldn’t make the final result look anything like the model shown, you may have thought, “I don’t have a creative bone in my body.”
According to some scientists, who for the past 20 years have put the elusive (难以解释的) subject of creativity through the rigors (严谨) of research, you are underestimating yourself. Da Vinci you may never be, but when it comes to creativity, we are all somewhat blessed (享有). It’s learning to encourage this unique tool of extraordinary productivity, and then applying it in everything you do, that counts to tell you from figures like Da Vinci.
“Even if we don’t have the good fortune to discover a new chemical element or write a great story, the love of the creative process for its own sake is available to all,” says Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi in Creativity: Flow and Psychology of Discovery and Invention.
Most people believe the area of creativity has been awarded to those thought to have special talent. We look upon these “creative geniuses,” as we often call them, with great respect and a bit of envy. Their abilities, most people believe, ore bestowed (给予) by good genes, or, as if in Greek mythology (神话), from some kind of divine (天赐的) inspiration.
There is no doubt that the world is never short of highly talented and creative people. They are masters of their trades and stand heads-and-shoulders above commoners, making new pathways for others to follow, and providing greater context and understanding of our world. It could be said that without creativity humanity would not evolve so rapidly.
But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who improves his skill through years of continuous training, foregoing other pursuits for the only passion, people who show the slightest unwillingness for tough labor may finally find their boasted (自夸的) ability disappear.
After closely studying 91 creative and influential people, including novelists, playwrights, composers, musicians and scientists, Csikszentmihalyi concludes that no one would ignore the sweat they shed (流淌) and their almost crazy willingness to follow their creative efforts to the very end, wherever that may be. These are the very things we all can master, so long as we’d like to.
4. It’s widely believed that creativity comes from ______.
A. good training people receive from artistic classes B. the inborn genes or relevant gifts.
C. the tool we learn from masters like Da Vinci D. certain Greek historical textbooks
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. Common people rather than creative ones lead in various professions.
B. People’s admiration of geniuses makes humanity develop quickly.
C. The field of baseball requires more gifts than hard work.
D. The building of creativity lies in devotion and effort.
6. The underlined word foregoing is closest in meaning to ______.
A. giving up B. counting on C. referring to D. turning to
7. What is the passage mainly about
A. How ordinary people and scientists view things differently.
B. The reasons for the development of various trades and humanity.
C. People’s misunderstanding of creativity and its true nature.
D Ordinary people’s unwillingness to follow the examples of creative ones.
C
As people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety this past year, many turned to their favorite comfort foods: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. Instead, whole foods such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.
Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise, sound sleep, a heart-healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation (发炎) and have benefits for the brain. Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical professor at the Columbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favorite foods, and finds out if foods that he considers important for the connection are missing from their diets, such as plants, seafood.
Dr. Ramsey said he does not wat people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food. “Lots of people get their food exactly right, live very active lives, and still have significant troubles with their mental health,” he said. But he also teaches people that food can be empowering. “We can’t control our genes,” he said. “But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.”
8. What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on
A. How our diets affect our mental health. B. How our diets affect our physical health.
C. How our mental health affects our diets. D. How our physical health affects our diets.
9. Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients
A. They try to cater to their patients’ needs.
B. They are questioning public health experts.
C. They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.
D. They have accepted the findings of large population studies.
10. Which of the following might Dr. Ramsey agree with
A. Some connection exists between our diets and mental health.
B. People can control their genes as well as how they eat.
C. People living active lives will not have mental problems.
D. Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort.
B. The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health.
C. Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.
D. Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.
D
Tommy, a 26-year-old chimp(猩猩),lives in a small cage in a used truck sales lot in New York. Retired from movie work and whatever else once occupied him, he has no chimp friends to keep him company — just a TV. He is worlds away from the rainforest of Western Africa, where chimps spend most of their lives in trees, hunting, and socializing together.
His owner hasn't broken any laws, but an animal rights group called the Nonhuman Rights Project (NhRP) is trying to change the view. The group says chimps have such a humanlike intelligence that they should be recognized as “legal persons" and be placed in an animal shelter and wander free.
You've probably heard the term “animal rights”, but animals don't actually have rights in many countries. Animal-welfare laws punish people who mistreat animals, but that's not the same as chimps having a right to liberty or anything else.
NhRP's first step is to ask a judge to end people's unjust arrest on behalf of Tommy and other privately owned chimps. If the court decides to recognize chimps as legal persons, NhRP's next step will be arguing for what rights the chimps should be granted. "The right that we believe they should have most of all is the right to bodily liberty," says Wise, a NhRP group member. "They should be able to choose how to live their lives.”
Tommy's owner, Pat Lavery, says he rescued Tommy from a careless owner about a decade ago and denies the chimp is mistreated or unhappy. "He likes being by himself," he says.
“There's a danger in making a jump to say they're just like people," says Richard Cupp, a professor who writes about animals and the law. "If we' re really focused on chimps being very, very smart, then who knows if maybe someday we might …say, ‘Hey, here's a particular human being that's not very smart at all, maybe the chimps have higher status than this person.’”
12. What can we know about Tommy
A. He is living a very lonely life.
B. He dislikes living in the rainforest.
C. He likes watching movies very much,
D. He was illegally bought by Pat Lavery.
13. What can we infer from the text
A. Great progress has been made on improving animal rights.
B. Pat Lavery is thought to mistreat Tommy by NhRP.
C. Animal rights are going from bad to worse.
D. Animal rights have been admitted in western countries.
14. What's the final goal NhRP wants to achieve
A. To ensure chimps' bodily safety. B. To stop illegal hunting of chimps.
C. To help chimps find their families. D. To help chimps enjoy their freedom.
15. What's Richard Cupp's attitude towards NhRP's efforts to win rights for chimps
A. Hopeful, B. Uncaring.
C. Worried. D. Supportive.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The things that you do, words that you say, and feelings that you express, contribute to your children’s level of confidence. _____16_____, then read on.
Love and acceptance
We know that you love your children. But do they know that you love them, accept them just as they are, and respect them Give your children plenty of love even if you are not able to do it all the time. _____17_____. Unconditional love will help them grow into a confident human being.
_____18_____
Nobody is perfect. But to raise a confident child, you should not stress too much on the shortcomings. Positive parenting focuses on developing what is good in a child, and making him or her feel empowered. If your children feel defeated by disappointments in life, help them look at the bright side by talking about their success.
Let them make decisions
_____19_____. It also empowers children as it gives them the ability to choose something. But they don’t have the ability of an adult and may not know how to reach a decision all by themselves.
Praise when they deserve it
It is easy to blame a child when he or she does something wrong. And we never forget to do that. But when the child does something right, we don’t always praise him or her. We are not talking about praising the child for every little thing he or she does well. _____20_____.
A. Make full use of the advantage
B. Focus on strengths, deal with weaknesses
C. Your children need to know that they are loved and accepted
D. Decision making is an important life skill that children need to learn to be confident
E. If you want to do and say the right things to help build confidence in your children
F. But if the child has put in the effort and achieved something, appreciate it
G. When you are not aware of the importance of making yourself confident
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have ____21____ feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common ____22____ between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over ____23____ rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the ____24____. On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for ____25____ the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.
The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different ____26____ to these problems. However, some approaches are more ____27____ than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but ____28____ clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s ____29____. On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the ____30____ of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to ____31____ their actions.
Psychologists say that ____32____ is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should ____33____ to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may ____34____ their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private munication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and ____35____ each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
21. A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar
22. A. interest B. argument C. link D. knowledge
23. A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked
24. A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research
25. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing
26. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes
27. A. flexible B. popular C. unique D. successful
28. A. later B. originally C. seldom D. thoroughly
29. A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature
30. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. challenges
31. A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider
32. A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trust
33. A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk
34. A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop
35. A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A’Driane Nieves didn’t attend art school, and she never dreamed of _____36_____ (become) an artist. That changed when Nieves began to struggle _____37_____ mental health. Painting is not only treatment for her, but it’s her career now. “Painting is now the primary way that I express _____38_____ (I),” Nieves said. Nieves experienced deep _____39_____ (anxious) after giving birth to her second son in 2010. Later, she was diagnosed (诊断) with Bipolar II disorder. “My doctor suggested to me that I find something creative to help manage the pressure,” she said.
Nieves tried crocheting (钩编) for about two weeks. She admitted she was _____40_____ (tire) of it. And one day, she picked up painting. As she poured the paint and moved it around with her hands, she felt _____41_____ sense of relief. “Within 45 minutes to an hour, I felt _____42_____ (complete) different from what I had before,” she said.
Since she started painting in 2012, Nieves _____43_____ (create) more than 1,000 pieces. In 2012,she set up her workshop. “I would like to encourage anyone _____44_____ is living with a mental disorder to be kind to themselves and remember that you are worthy. You have the right _____45_____ (live) a full and healthy life even while managing a mental health condition like this.”
第四部分 基础语言运用(共三节，满分25分)
第一节(每小题1分，满分5分)
选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。
efficient concern protect crowd judge suffer sight
46. As far as I am ________, nothing is as important as his daughter.
47. People are more likely to ________ from back problems if they always sit before computers for long hours.
48. Faced with the high pressure we should make a plan and work ________.
49 The Great Wall was ________ with the students who wanted to attend the lecture.
50. ________ from her last email, they had a wonderful time in Pairs.
第二节(每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。
51. ______ (同样重要的)are good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.(根据中文提示填空)
52. ________ (最后但同等重要的是), when you find problems that defeat you, turn to your teachers. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
53. Linda sometimes has trouble ________ (放弃，放手) the past, making both herself and her family suffer a lot. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
54. I’m worried that your criticism has begun to ________ (逐渐破坏) Lucy, she seems very quite and unhappy these days. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
55. He was too proud to ________ and admit mistakes. (放弃；让步) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
56. He never lets anything ________ his friends ________ him. (离间，妨碍) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
57. Good friends are those with whom we can share our joys and sorrows ________. (最大程度上) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
58. The stress of this situation is killing me, and I’m _____________(不知所措) what to do next. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
59. Despite the heavy rain, we ________ (准时到达) to the conference. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
60. Tim hopelessly watched the train pulling out and finally disappearing ________. (脱离视线) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
第三节(每小题1分，满分10分)
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
61. It is ________ (generosity) of him to give away these books to the library.(所给词的适当形式填空)
62. For unexpected ________ (emergency), we still have a “little bank” to depend on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63. Working from home offers workers many ________ lifestyles. (根据句意填写单词)
64. He considered that the change would be ______（benefit）to her health. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
65. Our environment is suffering due to the ________ (explode) of population. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66. It is ________ (recognize) that he is the best actor in the film. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67. In ________ to COVID-19, people are called on to keep one-meter social distance. (根据句意填写单词)
68. You should take ________ of school activities to improve your communication skills. (根据句意填写单词)
69. Sometimes parents forget that growing up is a ________ ride. (根据句意填写单词)
70. _________(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第五部分：应用文写作(满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华，你的朋友Charles因小事和同学发生争执，关系闹僵了，他来信向你请教如何与同学和睦相处，请根据以下要点写一封建议信，内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 如何解决该矛盾；
3. 如何与同学和睦相处。
注意：
1. 写作词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Charles,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
