必修二Unit 4 History and Traditions 词汇讲义
1.puzzle / p z( )l n.谜;智力游戏;疑问(可数) vt.迷惑;使困惑;
相关形式: puzzling adj.令人迷惑的puzzled adj.困惑的;感到迷惑的puzzlement n. 迷惑;费解、(同义词:confuse v. 使糊涂,使迷惑;混淆,confusion.n)
相关短语:1.be puzzled about...对……迷惑不解 2.be puzzled by迷惑;为...所困扰3.puzzle out 苦思而弄清楚4. puzzle over冥思苦想5.be in a puzzle (about)...(对……)不知如何是好6.in puzzlement 困惑地,迷惑地
例:1.The puzzled look on the teacher's face suggested she was puzzled about the puzzling math problem.老师脸上疑惑的表情表明她对这个令人困惑的数学问题很迷惑。
While doing extensive reading, you don't have to puzzle over every single word or phrase in the passage.在进行泛读时,不用仔细琢磨文中的每个单词或短语。
2. belong /b l /vi. 应在(某处);适应
相关形式:belonging n.所有物;(相关词:property/ pr p ti/ 财产)行李;附属物
相关短语:1.belong to 属于;是……的一部分2.a sense of belonging归属感
温馨提示:belong to 不用于进行时态也没有被动语态。类似用法的还有take place, occur, happen 等。
date from (date back to )
例:1.The book, belonging to my friend, is very interesting. 属于我朋友的这个本非常有趣。
2.This house belongs to my grandparents.这所房子是我祖父母的。
3. defend /d fend/ v. 防御,保护,辩解,辩护
相关形式:defence n. 保卫=defense ,defendant adj.辩护的;为自己辩护的defensive adj.自卫的;防御用的defenseless adj.无防备的
相关短语:1.defend/protect ... against / from ...保卫......免受...... 3> in defence of ...为保卫......;为......辩护4>in one’s defence为某人辩护
温馨提示:与defend ... from / against ... 用法类似的还有:prevent ... (from) ...; stop ... (from) ...; keep ... from ...; protect ... from / against ...等,在被动语态中 from 都不可省略。
例:1.I have to say in his defence that he was under a lot of pressure at the time.
我必须为他辩解一下,他当时面临很大的压力。
The first law of kung fu is to defend yourself.功夫的首要原则是自卫
4.surround /s ra nd/ vt. 围绕;包围;
相关形式: surrounding 附近的,四周的→ surroundings 环境(复数) 欣赏环境
相关短语:1.enjoy / admire the surroundings 美丽的环境2. beautiful surroundings适应新环境 3.be / get used to the new surroundings 4.surround ... with (被动:be surrounded with) 用......包围...... 5.surround oneself with …和......在一起,与......为伍: 6.be surrounde by被……包围
温馨提示:be surrounded with”和“be surrounded by”的区别在于,“with”强调环绕的是具体的物品或人,而“by”则更侧重于表示被某种环境或情况所包围。
例:1.I like to surround myself with beautiful things.我喜欢身边老有漂亮的东西。
2.Surround yourself with people who uplift, encourage and understand you.和那些可以鼓舞、鼓励和理解你的人在一起。
5.evidence / ev d ns/ n.证据;证明;
相关形式:evident adj.明显的;明白的evidently adv.显然,明显地;清楚地(同义词:obvious ,clear , distinct不同的,明显的apparent adj 显而易见的)
相关短语:1.there is some evidence that...有证据证明2.It is evident that...显然(很明显)……(寻找证据 3.look for / search for evidence 找到证据 4.find evidence(出庭)作证 5.give evidence医学证据6. medical evidence有力的证据 7.strong evidence一项证据8. a piece of evidence
例:1.There is some evidence that technology is shaping the way we live and work.
有一些证据表明技术正在塑造我们的生活和工作方式。
2.There is some evidence that climate change is having a significant impact on our planet.
有一些证据表明气候变化正在对我们的星球产生重大影响。
6.achievement / t i vm nt/ n.成就;成绩;达到;
相关形式:achieve vt.完成;达到 (同义词:accomplish;v. 完成,实现complete v. 使完整,使完美;填写(表格);完成,结束) achievable adj. 可实现的,可达到的
相关短语:1.make achievement(s) 取得成就2.a sense of achievement成就感3.achieve one's success获得成功4.achieve one's goal达到目标 5. make an achievement in doing sth.在做某事方面取得成就
例:1.Through hard work and determination, she was able to achieve her goals.
通过努力与决心,她实现了她的目标。
Reaching the top of the mountain gave me a profound sense of achievement.
到达山顶给了我一种深深的成就感。
fascinating / f s ne t / adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的;
相关形式:fascinate v.入迷;使着迷,使神魂颠倒fascinated adj.入迷的,极感兴趣的
相关短语:1.be fascinated by/ with 被……迷住 2.be fascinating to sb.令某人着迷
同义词:attractive adj. 吸引人的,有吸引力的;killing adj. 杀害的,致死的;使人神魂颠倒的taking adj. 可爱的;迷人的;会传染的absorbing adj. 十分有趣的;引人入胜的engaging adj. 迷人的,吸引人的
例:1.The professor's lecture was truly fascinating.教授的讲座真是引人入胜。
2.The city has many fascinating historical sites.这座城市有许多迷人的历史遗迹。
8.charge /t ɑ:d / n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电;
相关形式:chargeable adj. 应支付的;可以控诉的;可充电的charger n. 充电器;军马;袭击者;委托者
相关短语:1.in charge of负责;掌握2.in the charge of=in one's charge 由某人负责,由某人管理3.take charge of 掌管;负责,看管4.free of charge 免费5.charge sb (money) for sth 因某物/某事向某人收费6.charge sb with sth 控告某人某事(accuse sb of doing sth)
例:1.The hotel charges guests for extra services。
酒店向客人收取额外服务的费用
2.He has been charged with stealing company property。
他被指控盗窃公司财产。
9. announce / na ns/ vt. 宣布;通知;声称;
相关形式:announcement n. 通知,公告announcer [广播] 广播员;宣告者 官方公告:
相关短语:1.an official announcement 2.announce sth. to sb.向某人宣布…… 3.据宣布 it is announced that ...4. as is announced正如宣布的那样
例:1.They will announce the result of the vote tonight.
今晚他们将宣布投票结果。
2.I didn't expect such an important announcement to be made so suddenly.
我没想到如此重要的宣告会这么突然地发布。
amount / ma nt/ n.金额;数量v.总计;等于;相当于;
相关短语:1.amount to 总计,共计,等同于…2.a large /small amount of...大/少量的……3.large/small amounts of... 大/少量的……4.in large amounts 大量地
“a huge amount of+(只接)不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“huge amounts of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。(都可接)
例:1.The spokesman stressed that the measures did not amount to an overall ban.
发言人强调说,这些措施并不等于全面禁止。
2.An amount of money was spent on the project.在这个项目上花费了一笔钱。
11.approach / pr t / n.方法;途径;接近 vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近
相关形式:approachable adj. 亲切友善的;易理解的
相关短语:1.approach sb/sth 靠近/接近某人/某物2.(an) approach to (doing) sth 接近,近似;(做)某事的方法(途径)3.with...approaching在某事/物快到的时候4.at the approach of在……快到的时候 处理问题 5.approach the problem / matter
例:1.I think it's time we tried a fresh approach.
我认为是尝试新方法的时候了。
2.With Labour Day approaching, some students are getting more and more excited.
随着劳动节的接近,一些学生变的越来越兴奋。
12.generous/ d en r s/ adj. 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的;
相关形式:generously adv. 慷慨大方地generosity n. 慷慨;大方
相关短语:1.be generous to对某人很慷慨 2. be generous in乐于做某事3. be generous with sth.在某方面很大方4.It is generous of sb. to do sth.某人做某事真是慷慨 (
例:1.I couldn’t have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.
没有你的慷慨帮助,我不可能度过那段苦涩的日子。
2.So remember, Open your heart and be generous in giving out love to your surroundings!
所以,要记得喔,敝开你的心,把你的爱慷慨的送给你身边所有人!
13.eager / i ɡ (r)/ adj.热切的;渴望的;
相关形式:eagerness n.渴望;热心eagerly adv.急切地;渴望地;热心地
相关短语:1.be eager for(be hungry for=long for)渴望……2.be eager to do sth=long to do sth渴望做某事 3.be eager that 希望;渴望:此时从句谓语一般用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,should可以省略。
例:1.They are eager that the project be successful.他们期望这个项目成功。
2.He is always eager for new challenges.他总是渴望新的挑战。