Unit 2 Travelling知识要点讲义及练习（无答案）牛津译林版八年级英语下册

8BUnit2知识要点
重要短语
加入某人（与某人一起做某事）
以前去过那
对某事感到激动
来自全世界的风景名胜
来自于一个由....写的故事
.....的首都
度过一段美好的时光
以高速移动
在乘坐过程中
匆匆去某地
比如
下午晚些时候
追逐
（1）忍不住一直做某事
（2）情不自禁做某事
像魔法一样
一些钥匙环
观看烟花
邀请某人去做某事
已经死了一段时间了
到达香港
中国园林
全年
像大连一样的海滨城市
除了冬天之外的任何季节
对...有一些计划
出差
乘坐一个直达的航班
要点
离开A地去B地
在机场
三个半小时
另一个著名的主题公园
重要语法及知识点
1.
易混词汇 含义及用法
have/has been to
have/has gone to
have/has been in
for和since的用法总结
（1）
易混词汇 用法 谓语动词
for for+时间段"常和现在完成时连用， 句中谓语动词为延续性动词
since since +过去的时间点
since +一段时间+ago
since +从句(从句用一般过去时)
It is/has been +一段时间+since从句
短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换表格
非延续性动词 延续性动词/表示状态的词 现在完成时的构成（用系表结构）
borrow/lend keep Have/has kept
catch a cold have a cold have/has had a cold
buy have have/has had
die be dead have/has been dead
open be open have/has been open
close be closed have/has been closed
marry be married have/has been married
fall ill be ill have/has been ill
fall asleep be asleep have/has been asleep
begin/start be on have/has been on
join be in/be a member of have/has been in/have been a member of
leave be away from have/has been away from
finish/stop/end be over have/has been over
come/go/arrive/reach/get to be in/at have/has been in/at
get to know know
join的用法
易混词汇 词性及含义 用法
join vt.加入;参加 表示加入某人、党派、团体、俱乐部或某组织， 并成为其中的一员
join in 加入;参加 表示参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动，球赛或游戏，
take part in 加入;参加 表示参加群体性的活动，强调参加者持有积极的 态度，并起到一定的作用
attend vt.出席;参加 表示出席会议，参加婚礼，或听报告、讲座等
否定前移的反义疑问句
（1）当主句的主语是第一人称I或we,谓语动词是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等，并且句子为一般现在时或过去时态，其后“that”引导的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要将否定词转移到主句谓语上，而从句用肯定形式，这种语法现象称为否定前移。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定形式不能转移。
（2）含有think，believe等这类词的宾语从句改为反意疑问句时：
当主句的主语是第一人称时，反意疑问部分要和从句的主语、谓语保持一致。
hurry
hurry to do sth. 匆匆忙忙做某事
▲hurry n.急忙，匆忙 →hurried adj.匆忙的 ◆in a hurry 急忙，赶快
vi. 急忙，匆忙 ◆hurry to do sth. 匆匆忙忙做某事 ◆hurry up 快点儿 ◆hurry to +地点sp. 匆忙去某地
◆be in a hurry to do sth. = do sth. in a hurry=hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事
[联想拓展] hurry v. 匆忙;急忙 →(第三人称单数形式)hurries →(Ved)hurried
→ hurried adj. 匆忙完成的;赶出来的 →hurriedly adv. 匆忙地;仓促地
◆hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事 ◆hurry up 赶紧;快点儿 ◆hurry off 匆忙离开
6.a couple of 一对；几个，几件
▲①couple n.两人,两件事物;几个人,几件事物
名词couple既可以表示人，也可以表示物，除了强调"两人；夫妇；两件事物",还可以表达“几个人；几件事物”。
▲②a couple of + [C] n. 复数 = a few = several 一些；一对；几个，几件”,后接可数名词复数。
注意：由couple构成的短语(a couple of,two couples of等)修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由couple的单复数决定。
◆the old couple 这对老夫妻 ◆a couple of miles 几英里
[常考辨析] couple与pair的用法区别
易混词汇 含义及用法
couple 指任何两个同类的人或物品。
pair 指两件物品组成一套，通常修饰不分开使用的物品。
◆a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 ◆be a pair 成对
★Not every couple is a pair. 成双未必成对。
7.dead adj.死的; 无感觉的，麻木的 →(反义词)alive adj.活着的
→die v.死亡；消失；消亡；灭亡 →die vi.死;死亡;消失
→dying adj.垂死的，濒临死亡的;临终的 →death [U] n.死；死亡
dead常用于系表结构中，与时间段连用，用于完成时态。
◆be burnt to death in the fire 在火灾中被烧死
◆bleed to death 流血而死 ◆dead leaves 枯叶
[常考辨析] dead，die ，dying 和 death
易混词汇 词性 含义及用法
dead adj. 死的，去世的
die→(Ving)dying vi. 死去，死亡
dying adj. 垂死的，濒临死亡的
death [U] n. 死，死亡
8.direct adj.直达的,直接的;坦率的 →direct vt.给(某人)指路;指导;指示;导演 →director n.导演;经理;负责人
→directly adv.直接地;径直地;恰好；立刻 →direction n.方向；趋势；指南；目标
→indirect adj.间接的；拐弯抹角的 →directive 指示；adj.指示的
9.[常考辨析] leave ，leave for 和 leave ...for
易混词汇 含义及用法
leave ◆leave + 地点名词 离开某地
leave for ◆leave for 动身去,前往某地
leave…for… ◆leave + A地点 for + B地点 离开A地去B地
10.[常考辨析] except，except for...，besides与but的用法区别
易混词汇 词性及含义 用法
except 除了……以外 1.指在整体中除去一部分，后常跟名词或代词作宾语，强调从整体中除去同类的人或事物
2.即except后面的人或物不包括在整体之内/在前面提到的范围内，即被排除在外。
3.except常和all，everything，no one，nothing等词一起使用。
except for... 要不是.......； 除了......以外 1.表示对一个人或一件事先进行整体评价，然后再就局部提出一点看法。
2.即一部分被肯定，另一部分被否定，
3.其判别的标志是除去的与保留的“不是同类项”,except for与except that有时可互相转换
besides 除……以外(还有) 1.表示另外附加的含义，相当于
2.即把besides后的人或物也包括在前面提到的范围内。
3.即除去一部分还有另外一部分，表示besides后面的部分包括在整体之内。
◆besides = in addition to = as well as 除了……以外（还有）……
but prep.除......之外(没有......) 1.除……之外（语气强烈）,侧重指意义上的几乎完整性，
2.常与nobody，nothing，no one等表示否定意义的不定代词连用，与except同义。
[解题技巧] but 和 except指“除……之外”，不包括后面的部分；besides指“除……之外”，包括后面的部分。
11.whole[adj.]整体的，全部的；整个的
与all区别
whole放在限定词的后面 your whole life你的一生
all放在限定词的前面 all the student所有的学生
12.hope v.希望，期望，愿望，通常指可以实现的愿望。 →hope n.希望，信心
◆hope to do sth. 希望做某事 ◆hope for sth. 希望得到某物 ◆last hope 最后的希望
◆主语+hope+(that)从句：希望…… ▲①hope(that)sb. can do ... 希望某人能做某事
▲②hope(that)sb. will do ... 希望某人将会做某事
◆hope so 希望如此 ★I hope so. 我希望如此。 →(反义句)I hope not. 我希望不这样。
[常考辨析] hope，wish ，expect和 look forward to
易混词汇 词性及含义 用法及常考搭配
hope vt. 希望 n.希望，信心 表示说话人认为可能会实现的愿望，更多地表达一种情感; 常考搭配：◆hope to do sth. 希望做某事 ★hope + that从句
wish vt.希望,祝愿 n.希望,祝愿,心愿[7A U4 ] 后接从句时常用虚拟语气，侧重于不太可能实现/难以实现的愿望。 常考搭配： ★wish +从句 希望...... ◆wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人某事 ◆wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事
expect◆ vt. 预料,期待， 认为某事会发生; 常考搭配： ◆expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望(某人)做某事 ★expect + that从句 期望......
look forward to 盼望，期待 常用于表示期望或向往某物或做某事; 常考搭配：◆look forward to sth./doing sth. 期待某物/做某事
◆wish for sth. 希望得到某物 ◆wish to do sth. 希望做某事
◆wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 ◆wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人某事
★主语+wish+(that)从句 (wish后的宾语从句多用过去时态，表示虚拟语气)。
三、练习
( )1.---Where is Mike
---He___________Shanghai. He has___________there for a week.
A.has gone to; gone B. has been in; gone
C. has gone to; been D. has been to; been
( )2.My sister__the army last year.
A.joined B.took part in C.attended D.join in
( ) 3. —Why not stop _______ a rest
—Oh, it’s so exciting that I can’t stop _______ the kite.
A.having; flying B. to have; to fly
C. having; to fly D. to have; flying
( )4. She _______ for 15 years, yet she still doesn’t know what kind of man she _______.
A. has been married; has married with B. has got married; married to
C. has been married; married D. has married; has married to
( )5. With the help of the local Indians, the settlers (移民) from England lived _____ the first long cold winter.
A. in B. across C. through D. for
( )6. —Tomorrow I will take the driving test. I ______ I can pass it easily.
—______ you good luck!
A. hope; Hope B. hope; Wish C. wish; Hope D. wish; Wish
( )7. —Have you been in Zhenjiang for a long time
—Yes. _______ the end of 2007.
A. At B. Since C. For D. In
( )7. —Would you like to _______ my party tomorrow evening
—Yes, I’d like to. I hope Sandy can _______ us.
A. attend; join B. join; attend C. attend; attend D. join; join
( )8. She couldn’t stop __________ when he told her the funny joke.
A. to laugh B. laughing C. laughed D. to laughing
( )9. Most of my friends, ________Sandy, Millie and Allen, are all very kind to me.
A. for example B. such as C. in some ways D. moreover
( )10.Mike ________ take a bus to the office, but now he _________ walking there.
A. is used to, is used to B. used to, used to
C. is used to, used to D. used to, is used to
( )11. _______it is to play volleyball on the beach !
A . What fun B What a fun C How fun D How a fun
( )12. There used ______ a small village, but now it has turned into a big city.
A. to have B. to be C. having D. being
( )13.He’s never watched such an important match before,______
hasn’t he B. has he C. isn’t he D. is he
( )14.1am_______thirsty and, I need to drink______ water.
a little; a bit B. a bit of: a little of
C. a little, a bit of D. I bit of: a bit of
( )15.The roller coaster moved________high speed and they were screaming and laughing _____the ride.
A. in;through B. at; through C. in; during D. at;over
( )16. They had a good time in the park_____day.
A. the whole B. the all C. whole the D. whole
( )17. ---Is Mr. Liu a teacher with much teaching ________
---Yes, she is. He always tells us many funny travelling ________ after class.
A. experience; experience B. experiences; experiences
C. experiences; experience D. experience; experiences
( )18. There ________ few students playing in the playground because of the coming exam, _______
will be, won’t there B. will be, will there C. are, are there D. are, will there
( )19. —How is your work going
—It will be finished 　　　　the end of this week. We must be on time.
A.at B.in C.on D.for
( )20.To realize your goal, what _____most is the trust in yourself.
A.matters B.mentions C.surprises D.minds
( )21. —How long has the foreigner (外国人) _______ here
— He came here ten minutes ago.
A. been B.reached C. arrived D. got
22.—Look at the _______________(sleep) dog over there!
—Don’t shout. You may wake it up and it may bite us.
23. It is the second time I _______________ (see) this 4-D film.
24—Do you have a _____________(fly) to New York today
—Yes, we do.
25.My dad went to shanghai on _______________ (busy).
26. They shouted to the pop singers with ______（excite）
28. They will celebrate their fifteen years of （marry）this Sunday.
29. Bob’s mother is too busy _________(look) after the patients _______ (help) him with his homework.
30. Everybody except Millie and Andy _____________ (enjoy) playing badminton.
31.He______________(leave) Shanghai tomorrow morning.
32.It takes me about two hours ______________(finish) my homework every day.
33. I ______________(not see) you since last month.
34. You_______________(go) there a week ago, right
35. By _____________(read) books, I got more and more knowledge from them.
36. It was the _______________(good) part of the day.
37. I don’t know this woman. I ___________never _________(meet) her.
38. Mr Green often goes to America. In fact, he ___________(be) there ten times.
39.There are many good places __________(visit) in China.
40.You can do anything you like except ___________(make) any noise.
41.The ice is too thin for us _____________(skate) on.
42.Hurry up, or you _____________(miss) the early bus.
43.我爸爸到北京出差已经三天了
My father__________________________________________________________
44.春天是放风筝的最佳时间。
Spring is____________________________________________________________
45.我们将乘直达航班去纽约。
We will ___________________________________________________ New York.
46.除了冬季,你可以在任何季节去那儿。
You can_________________________________________________________.
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