易错点纠错练08 主旨大意题易错练
名校主旨大意题易错题通关练
1.【福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024学年高三12月试题】
I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province, on the historic Tea Horse Road. I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet, I was blown away. I couldn’t imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world.
Last May, I met Paul. He told me that it was his first time in China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and discoveries in my region of China. He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao (the Southern Silk Road), the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of Xuanzang. Paul considered many of them heroes and in a sense Chinese pioneers of slow journalism.
I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we set out. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We woke up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.
We met many people on the road. Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us; some gave us directions; some invited us into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds.
Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths through mountains, I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road.
Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each other’s cultures.
6．What does paragraph 4 tell us about the writer and Paul
A．They honored the ancestors. B．They set off in high spirits.
C．They satisfied the locals’ curiosity. D．They built bonds with people.
【答案 6．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，这在历史悠久的茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗 萨洛佩科，于是决定陪保罗在云南徒步旅行，本文描写了他们一路上的见闻和感悟。
6．主旨大意题。根据第四段“We met many people on the road. Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us; some gave us directions; some invited us into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds. (我们在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇，围着我们，看着我们；有人给我们指路；有些人邀请我们去他们家休息；一些人谈到了家乡的魅力。我们遇见了许多美丽的灵魂、朴素的灵魂和温暖的灵魂。我们在用我们的思想行走。)”可知，第四段主要说明了作者和保罗遇到了形形色色的人，他们与人们建立了联系。故选D。
2.【广东省2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考模拟预测】
Poet Wadsworth Longfellow said “music is the universal language of mankind”, and there’s growing evidence that he was right. New research shows people with Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆) disease often respond to familiar music or song lyrics, even when their memories and ability to participate in conversation may be flagging.
Jonathan Graff-Radford,Doctor of Medicine,explains on The Mayo Clinic website why this may be: “Musical memories are often preserved in Alzheimer’s patients because key brain areas linked to musical memory are relatively undamaged by the disease.”
When English senior Ted McDermott was diagnosed with Alzheimer in 2016, his son Simon McDermott found Ted became verbally and physically violent as the disease progressed. Grateful for the resources provided by the Alzheimer’s Society, Simon and 80-year-old Ted made videos of their daily car duets (二重唱) for a fundraising ‘‘Singing for the Brain” program in 2019. Truly remarkable,considering that some days Ted didn’t recognize Simon.
The songs brought them to the attention of the public. In just a few months their efforts had considerable success on YouTube, raising over 100,000, and resulting in a contract with Decca Records for 80-year-old Ted. Although Ted has begun to decline a little in the last years, he always remembers the words to his favorite songs and is happy to go with Simon daily in the car to sing. Different music-related programs and projects are offered by the U.K. Alzheimer’s Society organizations. These programs are designed for people with Alzheimer to provide mental stimulation in a supportive social environment.
Social engagement and keeping your brain active, along with a healthy diet and exercising, may seem like obvious good habits to follow for your health in general. They’ve also been proven to be factors in reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer.
It’s never too late to start taking care of your body and your brain — so make music appreciation or singing part of the routine of your loved one struggling with Alzheimer. As William Shakespeare said, “If music be the food of love,play on.”
15．What is the text mainly about
A．80-year-old Ted defeats Alzheimer’s disease.
B．The power of music for Alzheimer’s patients.
C．Poets inspire Alzheimer’s patients with music.
D．A good habit to follow for your physical health.
【答案】 15．B
【解析】
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Poet Wadsworth Longfellow said “music is the universal language of mankind”, and there’s growing evidence that he was right. （诗人Wadsworth Longfellow说“音乐是人类的普遍语言”，越来越多的证据表明他是对的。）”和最后一段的“As William Shakespeare said, “If music be the food of love, play on.”（正如威廉·莎士比亚所说：“如果音乐是爱的食物，那就继续演奏吧。”）”可知，文章引用诗人朗费罗和莎士比亚所说的话表明文章从头到尾都在谈音乐对老年痴呆患者有益。故选B。
3.【广东深圳明德实验学校2021届高三上学期阶段性试卷】
ByteDance（字节跳动）Group’s TikTok, an overseas version of Chinese short video sharing app Douyin, faces an existential crisis in the United States, as murmurs of a “crackdown”（强制取缔）from the White House forced the Chinese company to engage in talks on selling its US business to Microsoft.
TikTok is the fastest-growing registered global mobile internet app, with more than 100 million users, and its rapid growth, especially in the US, is seen as a threat to Facebook. The US government has long viewed globally competitive Chinese high-tech companies including Huawei as a threat and done whatever it could to crack down on（打击）them in the name of “national security”.
The US government has not introduced any specific policy against TikTok, only threatened it through a number of unclear statements.
According to the latest media reports, Microsoft is prepared to press ahead with the negotiations to take over TikTok’s US operations and complete the negotiations by Sept 15, following talks between Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella and US President Donald Trump.
This means that TikTok will have to hand its fate over to some unpredictable power, and even have to sell its assets without the option of setting a price.
The US government has failed to find a reasonable legal excuse to deal with TikTok. All private data of TikTok’s US users are stored in the US and are unlikely to be transferred. Considering the US government is trying to deal with TikTok in a political way, TikTok should consider incorporating（合并）the dispute into the US legal process to assert（坚持）its legal rights and interests.
TiKTok’s core value lies in its unique algorithms, a product of artificial intelligence that represents the expertise of Chinese engineers and programmers with high-value intellectual property.
The US government’s move, which has forced ByteDance to sell TikTok to a US company, is similar to a forced technology transfer and an example of the US’ open seizure of Chinese intellectual property.
If ByteDance sells TikTok to a US company for “security reasons", that would set a dangerous precedent, motivating other countries where TikTok operates to follow the US administration's example and cause a chain reaction.
ByteDance is a young Chinese private company that cannot deal with a political game played by the US. But as a Chinese company that has gone global, ByteDance has reasons to take up legal means to defend its legal rights. The Chinese government can also consider examining whether the technology transfer in the deal violates China’s law and harms the country’s national interests.
15．What can be the best title for the news report
A．TikTok must defend its rights legally
B．TikTok is seen as a threat to Facebook
C．ByteDance has to sell TikTok to a US company
D．ByteDance agrees to transfer technology
【答案】 15．A
【解析】
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“The US government has long viewed globally competitive Chinese high-tech companies including Huawei as a threat and done whatever it could to crack down on（打击）them in the name of “national security”（长期以来，美国政府一直将包括华为在内的具有全球竞争力的中国高科技企业视为威胁，并以 “国家安全”的名义采取一切可能的措施予以打击）”及最后一段的“But as a Chinese company that has gone global, ByteDance has reasons to take up legal means to defend its legal rights（但作为一家走向全球的中国公司，字节跳动有理由采取法律手段捍卫自己的合法权益 ）”可知，本文最好的题目是A选项“TikTok必须合法捍卫自己的权利”，故选A。
4.【广东省华南师范大学附中2023-2024学年高三试题】
Jenn Larson was just 14 years old when she took over the bookkeeping for her family’s dairy farm near Firth, Idaho. She soon saw firsthand how challenging it was for her parents, who lacked any college education, to properly manage the unpredictable earnings of farming. This started a lifelong passion for finance, and it led her down an unexpected path to becoming a role model she never had.
Yet, such ambitions ran in obvious contrast to everything familiar to her. “I didn’t have any advisors,” Larson says. “I didn’t have anyone to look up to for a professional example. All the women I associated with were stay-at-home moms.” Despite having parents who couldn’t fully understand her ambitions, Larson went to the BYU Marriott School, where she earned a business degree and focused much of her coursework on international finance.
Larson worked for seven years as a financial representative with Northwestern Mutual, advising clients on important financial decisions. Larson returned to BYU Marriott in 2008 to earn an MBA, and accepted a position in the school as an assistant professor following her graduation. For more than a decade, Larson has taught finance classes to undergraduate and MBA students. While she teaches finance, Larson tries to help her students see how mastering finance principles can also impact their personal lives.
Constantly balancing motherhood and work, Larson makes adjustments to the way she teaches. She gave birth to her first three children in three years while teaching at BYU Marriott, wondering at times if labor might start while in front of a class full of students. During the pandemic, Larson taught online classes from her dining room table while taking care of a newborn and other young children at home.
As a female instructor in the often male-dominated finance industry, Larson works to inspire other women who seek a similar path to hers. Larson became the role model that she never had — the example that a 14-year-old girl staring at a farming expense sheet couldn’t find. Now, Labson’s children and students will always have that example.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Following Your Interest B．Balancing Work and Family
C．Becoming Your Own Role Model D．Seeking a Way to Become a Role Model
【答案】 7．C
【解析】
7．主旨大意题。根据首段末句“This started a lifelong passion for finance, and it led her down an unexpected path to becoming a role model she never had. (这让她对金融产生了毕生的热情，并让她走上了一条意想不到的道路，成为了一个她从未有过的榜样)”以及末段最后两句“Larson became the role model that she never had — the example that a 14-year-old girl staring at a farming expense sheet couldn’t find. Now, Labor on’s children and students will always have that example. (拉尔森成为了她从未有过的榜样——一个14岁的女孩盯着农业开支表找不到的榜样。现在，拉尔森的孩子和学生将永远有这样的榜样)”可知，在这个没有人能为她提供建议的金融专业上，她成为了自己的榜样。由此可知，C项“成为了自己的榜样”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
5.【广东省华南师范大学附中2023-2024学年高三试题】
Beavers(海狸), like humans, change their surroundings to fit their needs. Known as nature’s engineers, they tear trees down to build homes to live in and dams to raise water levels for protection from endemics. Dams also slow water’s flow while blocking sediment(沉积物)that would otherwise flow downstream. The resulting wetlands often attract wildlife diversity where none had existed. There are challenges, though. Beaver dams sometimes cause flooding, and most people prefer trees alive and upright.
Communities face a delicate balancing act, learning to coexist with beavers. Last winter, many people enjoying Winston Path became beaver fans as one furry family transformed Swallow Pond into an oasis for birds, frogs, turtles and deer.
......
8．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．Where beavers’ favorite surroundings are.
B．What effects beavers have on their habitat.
C．Why beavers are called nature’s engineers.
D．How beavers help attract wildlife diversity.
【答案】8．B
【解析】8．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Beavers(海狸), like humans, change their surroundings to fit their needs. Known as nature’s engineers, they tear trees down to build homes to live in and dams to raise water levels for protection from enemies. Dams also slow water’s flow while blocking sediment (沉积物) that would otherwise flow downstream. The resulting wetlands often attract wildlife diversity where none had existed. (海狸和人类一样，会改变周围的环境来满足它们的需求。他们被称为自然工程师，他们推倒树木建造房屋，建造水坝以提高水位以抵御敌人。大坝还减缓了水流，同时阻挡了原本会流向下游的沉积物。由此产生的湿地往往吸引了原本不存在的野生动物多样性。)”可知，第一段主要讲海狸对它们的栖息地有什么影响。故选B项。
6.【浙江金华第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
For many Americans, regular exercise is a complicated commitment—one made at the beginning of January that fades out within weeks or months. Busy work schedules, a lack of motivation and unease towards exercising in public all contribute to the discouraging statistics that only around a quarter of adults exercise enough per week.
This month, enterptiser Trent Ward and designer Yves Behar are uncovering their design for a mirror fitness system, Forme. Forme is reflective like a mirror, uses machine learning to heighten workouts, and offers attachments including ankle belts, rope handles and a heart rate monitor. When not in use, the two arms that form the resistance pulley (滑轮) system fold behind it and the display screen disappears, turning Forme into a simple full—length mirror.
Interest in home exercise has particularly increased recently around the world. Home workout apps have seen a significant uptick in downloads, and trendy brands like Peloton have rolled out free virtual workouts for everyone stuck indoors. One French athlete who was kept away from others chose to run an entire marathon on his 23-foot balcony.
But beyond the new restrictions affecting daily workout routines, Ward and Behar are tapping into the same concerns that have made every home workout appealing：the ability to save time and sweat in the privacy of one’s home. In an age of personal metrics (衡量标准)--where one can measure their heart rate and sleep cycles with smart watches and train for marathons with AI smart sneakers----Ward and Behar want to improve exercise through machine learning. Forme evaluates performance and adjusts weights accordingly. Easy access to one’s own performance data also makes it easier to track that progress and stay motivated.
Though it’s too soon to tell if mirror gyms will be the trend of the late 2010s to 2020s, Behar explained that having a screen in the home can become the basis for more than just fitness, such as shopping or telemedicine.
12．What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on .
A．The ways to operate Forme. B．The features of Forme.
C．The reasons to develop Forme. D．The theory behind Forme.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Can Forme Have More Powerful Functions
B．Does Regular Exercise Keep up with New Technology
C．Is the New Trend of Smart Machines at Home available
D．Is this AI—Powered "Mirror Gym" the Future of Home Exercise
【答案】12．B 15．D
【解析】12．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Forme is reflective like a mirror, uses machine learning to heighten workouts, and offers attachments including ankle belts, rope handles and a heart rate monitor. ”（Forme像镜子一样反光，利用机器学习来加强锻炼，并提供包括脚踝带、绳把手和心率监测器在内的附件。）及“When not in use, the two arms that form the resistance pulley system fold behind it and the display screen disappears, turning Forme into a simple full—length mirror.”（当不使用时，构成阻力滑轮系统的两条手臂向后折叠，显示屏消失，形成一个简单的全身镜。）可知，文章第二段讲述了Forme这一产品设计的特点。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Though it’ s too soon to tell if mirror gyms will be the trend of the late 2010s to 2020s, Behar explained that having a screen in the home can become the basis for more than just fitness, such as shopping or telemedicine.”（尽管现在说镜子健身室是否会成为2010年代末到2020年代的趋势还为时过早，贝哈尔解释说，家里的屏幕不仅仅是健身的基础，更是比如购物或远程医疗的基础。）并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了一种镜子健身系统Forme ，并展望了它在未来的应用。“Is this AI—Powered "Mirror Gym" the Future of Home Exercise ”这种人工智能驱动的“镜子健身房”会成为家庭锻炼的未来吗 符合全文内容，可以作为本文标题。故选D项。
7.【浙江省9 1高中联盟2023-2024学年高三期中试题】
In nature, octopuses (章鱼) hunt mainly with their sense of touch, using their eight arms to feel out their environment for hidden creatures. Researchers at the University of Minnesota recently studied a different way octopuses hunt—when they identify prey (猎物) based on sight. The study findings show that the marine creatures are quite consistent and methodical in how they approach prey.
Lead researcher Trevor Wardill and his team placed California two-spot octopuses into water tanks, hiding them in caves where they would have one eye looking out. They then placed either fiddler crabs or white shrimp in the tanks to see how the octopuses would try to catch them, capturing the interactions on video. The crabs and shrimp behave differently when trying to escape from predators (捕猎者), so using both species gave the researchers an opportunity to see whether this led the octopuses to use a different arm for hunting depending on the prey.
Wardill’s team found that the octopuses almost always used the same arm to grab their prey. Specifically, the second arm from the middle of the octopuses’ body, on the same side of their body as the eye, caught the prey. If they needed more arms to grab prey, they would use the ones next to the second arm.
The octopuses also attacked differently depending on the prey. When faced with crabs, an octopus would move suddenly on top of the crab with its whole body. However, when catching shrimp, the octopuses would take one arm and reach out very slowly toward the shrimp, then grab it and latch (缠住) onto it with its other arms to pull it in.
Wardill and his team hope to do more research. They want to study the octopus’s brain as it attacks pre y to develop a better understanding of what role the creature’s nervous system plays in selecting the arms it uses.
31．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．Octopuses: Skillful Hunters B．Octopuses: One-armed Predators
C．Octopuses: A Sharp-eyed Species D．Octopuses: A Mysterious Creature
【答案】 31．A
【解析】
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In nature, octopuses (章鱼) hunt mainly with their sense of touch, using their eight arms to feel out their environment for hidden creatures. Researchers at the University of Minnesota recently studied a different way octopuses hunt—when they identify prey (猎物) based on sight. The study findings show that the marine creatures are quite consistent and methodical in how they approach prey.(在自然界中，章鱼主要用它们的触觉捕猎，用它们的八只手臂来感知周围环境，寻找隐藏的生物。明尼苏达大学的研究人员最近研究了章鱼捕猎的另一种方式——它们根据视觉来识别猎物。研究结果表明，海洋生物在接近猎物的方式上是相当一致和有条理的)”结合文章主要说明了最近的研究发现章鱼的狩猎技巧会因为猎物的不同而发生变化，解释了研究开展的经过以及未来研究的方向。故A选项“章鱼：熟练的猎手”最符合文章标题。故选A。
8.【浙江省四校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考英语试题】
Cookie-consent (准许) pop-ups are one of the biggest annoyances on the Internet. Almost every site you visit has a notice saying, “This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Do you agree ” Typically, we click “yes” or “agree” without even thinking about it because we’re eager to get to the content. But should we Not necessarily.
Cookies are essentially information collectors and trackers in the form of small text files stored on your browser by the sites you visit. Some are useful. For example, a cookie saved on your browser makes it so you don’t have to re-enter your log-in information every time you visit one of your favorite websites. Cookies can also remember your shopping preferences so that you get a personalized experience when you visit the website. Others, however, track how you use a website, how often you go there, your IP address, your phone number, what types of things you look at and buy, and other information you may not want to share.
Many companies have you click “yes” to follow current privacy laws. This means that once you click, you’ve given the company permission to use your information as they see fit without the worry of legal objections. Most of the time, cookies are no big deal. There are a few occasions, though, where you should decline cookies. Don’t worry——if you find yourself in a situation where you need to decline or simply want to decline for whatever reason, most websites will work just fine without collecting your information. With that said, here’s when saying no to the cookies is a good idea.
Beware when you’re on an unencrypted (未加密的) website (these websites will have an unlocked lock icon by the web address) while using a public Wi-Fi network. The information collected by cookies can be intercepted (拦截) by hackers because there isn’t any security to stop them. Your best bet when borrowing Wi-Fi from your local coffee shop is to use your browser’s private mode. While in this mode, cookies aren’t collected, no matter where your Internet journeys take you.
30．What’s the risk of using cookies on unsecured websites
A．Limited access to personalized content. B．Inefficiency in processing user requests.
C．Slower website loading times and limited features. D．Increased exposure to unauthorized data collection.
31．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Dos and Don’ts of Online Consents. B．Cautious about Cookie Pop-ups.
C．Protecting Your Privacy Online. D．The Function of Cookies.
【答案】31．B
【解析】
31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Cookie-consent (准许) pop-ups are one of the biggest annoyances on the Internet.(Cookie-准入弹出窗口是互联网上最大的烦恼之一。)”和第三段“Many companies have you click “yes” to follow current privacy laws. This means that once you click, you’ve given the company permission to use your information as they see fit without the worry of legal objections. Most of the time, cookies are no big deal. There are a few occasions, though, where you should decline cookies. Don’t worry——if you find yourself in a situation where you need to decline or simply want to decline for whatever reason, most websites will work just fine without collecting your information. With that said, here’s when saying no to the cookies is a good idea. (许多公司让你点击“是”来遵守现行的隐私法。这意味着一旦你点击了，你就给了公司使用你的信息的权限，而不用担心法律上的反对。大多数时候，cookies没什么大不了的。但是，在一些情况下，您应该拒绝cookie。不要担心——如果你发现自己处在一个需要拒绝或者仅仅想要拒绝的情况下，不管什么原因，大多数网站在不收集你的信息的情况下都会运行得很好。也就是说，拒绝cookie是个好主意。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Cookie准入弹出窗口是互联网上最大的烦恼之一，对此我们应该谨慎使用，B项“对Cookie弹出窗口持谨慎态度。”适合作文章标题，故选B。
9.【浙江省四校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考英语试题】
Earlier studies suggested that fatigue from virtual meetings stems from mental overload, but new research from Aalto University shows that sleepiness during virtual meetings might actually be a result of mental underload and boredom.
“I expected to find that people get stressed in remote meetings. But the result was the opposite —— especially those who were not engaged in their work quickly became drowsy during remote meetings, “says Assistant Professor Niina Nurmi, who led the study.
The researchers measured heart rate variability during virtual meetings and face-to-face meetings,examining different types of fatigue experiences among 44 knowledge workers across nearly 400 meetings. The team at Aalto collaborated with researchers at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health,where stress and recovery are studied using heart rate monitors. “We shadowed each subject for two workdays, recording all events with time stamps, to find out the sources of human physiological responses,”Nurmi says.
The study also included a questionnaire to identify people’s general attitude and work engagement. ”The format of a meeting had little effect on people who were highly engaged and enthusiastic about their work. They were able to stay active even during virtual meetings. On the other hand, workers whose work engagement was low and who were not very enthusiastic about their work found virtual meetings very tiring. “
It’s easier to maintain focus in face-to-face meetings than virtual ones, as the latter have limited cognitive cues and sensory input. “Especially when cameras are off, the participant is left under-stimulated and may start to compensate by multitasking,” Nurmi explains. Although an appropriate level of stimulation is generally beneficial for the brain, multitasking during virtual meetings is problematic. Only highly automated tasks, such as walking, can be properly carried out during a virtual meeting.
“Walking and other automated activities can boost your energy levels and help you to concentrate on the meeting. But if you’re trying to focus on two things that require cognitive attention simultaneously, you can’t hear if something important is happening in the meeting. Alternatively, you have to constantly switch between tasks. It’s really taxing for the brain,”Nurmi says.
35．What is the text mainly about
A．How remote meetings differ from face-to-face ones.
B．Why cognitive attention in virtual meetings decreases.
C．What role a person’s personality plays in remote meetings.
D．Where the problem with the present meeting formats lies.
【答案】 35．B
【解析】35．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Earlier studies suggested that fatigue from virtual meetings stems from mental overload, but new research from Aalto University shows that sleepiness during virtual meetings might actually be a result of mental underload and boredom.(早期的研究表明，虚拟会议带来的疲劳源于精神负荷过重，但阿尔托大学的新研究表明，虚拟会议期间的困倦实际上可能是精神负荷不足和无聊的结果)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了虚拟会议期间的困倦的原因实际上可能是精神负荷不足和无聊的结果，分析了虚拟会议期间认真注意力降低的原因。故选B。
10.【广东省汕头2023-2024学年高三名校四校期中联考】
Carried by the wind, dust particles (微粒) from places such as the Sahara Desert can float halfway around the world before settling to the ground. As the plastics abandoned by humans break down into tiny pieces in the environment, they, too, travel through the atmosphere. Now scientists are a step closer to understanding how these microplastics travel in the globe — both locally and on long-distance flights.
Researchers spent more than a year collecting microplastics from 11 national parks and wilderness areas in the western U.S. They examined the particles that settled on dry days and those that fell along with rain or snow. In addition to making clear how microplastics move around, the results, published on Thursday in Science, reveal the seriousness of the problem: more than 1 million kilograms of microplastics — the weight of 120 million to 300 million plastic water bottles — fall on protected lands in the country’s western region each year.
The new findings add to scientists’ concern over microplastic pollution’s potential impacts on the environment and human health. “We’re not supposed to breathe in this material,” says Steve Allen, a microplastics researcher at the University of Strathclyde in Scotland, who was not involved in the new study. “Plastics in the environment “carry all sorts of pesticides (农药), heavy metals and all the other chemicals that we’ve made over time,” he adds. “They’re going to carry them directly into our lungs.”
Since their discovery in oceans in the 1970s, microplastics — which can be as large as a grain of rice or smaller than a particle of dust — have been found nearly everywhere researchers have looked: in cities, in Arctic snow, on remote mountaintops. Their presence in areas distant from the place where human live has pointed to them being carried by winds.
15．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Dust Particles Is Harmful to Our Lungs B．The Environment Is Threatened by Plastics
C．Microplastics Are Falling from the Sky D．Microplastics Do Harm to Health
【答案】 15．C
【解析】
15．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了对微塑料在空气中传播的研究成果：第一段介绍了研究主题，第二段主要介绍了研究的过程和结果，第三段主要介绍了研究成果在科学界的影响，最后一段则补充介绍了过去对微塑料的研究发现。故C选项“微塑料正在从天上掉下来”最符合文章标题。故选C。
11.【广东省珠海市斗门第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
Bergl doesn’t consider himself the next Thomas Edison, He’s just a man loving animals, Africa and adventure, Yet, Bergl might have invented a tool as great as the light bulb (灯泡) ―a tool that uses modern-day technology to solve an almost prehistoric (史前) problem.
The tool is called the SMART. It is designed to be waterproof (防水的) , shockproof and poacher (偷猎者) proof. Bergl worked with worldwide wildlife groups to develop it in 2011. Since then it has been seen in more than 55 countries where poachers have forced the best-known but most endangered animals to nearly die out .
SMART works as a very simple smart phone―it lets the user record what they see, like animal sightings. changes in animals and illegal activities If a park ranger (管理员) sees something that is very important, that information can be sent to the cloud (云) and sent out to the base camp so they can take action and stop the killing
Bergl and his workmates travel to African wildlife reserves now and then They teach park rangers in some of the most remote countries how to use SMART. “SMART makes collection of information easier It allows us to pay attention to the things that really important. according to what the information is telling an,”Aid Skim Young, manager of the Etosha National park in Namibia, “thanks to SMART, most of Africa’s endangered animals seem to be coming back.”
Bergl never plans to make money from his small but great invention. SMART is free and doesn’t even have a patents(专利).
5．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How SMART was created B．What SMART is like.
C．Why SMART got popular. D．How SMART works.
【答案】 5．D
【解析】
5．主旨大意题。通读第三段“SMART works as a very simple smart phone―it lets the user record what they see, like animal sightings， changes in animals and illegal activities. If a park ranger (管理员) sees something that is very important, that information can be sent to the cloud (云) and sent out to the base camp so they can take action and stop the killing. (SMART是一款非常简单的智能手机，它可以让用户记录他们看到的东西，比如动物的出现、动物的变化和非法活动。如果是公园管理员看到一些非常重要的信息，这些信息可以发送到云并被发往大本营，以便他们采取行动阻止杀戮)”可知，该段主要介绍 SMART 是如何帮助公园管理员防止非法偷猎的，阐述SMART 的工作原理。因此，第三段主要是关于D项“How SMART works. (SMART的工作原理)”符合题意，故选D项。
12.【广东省珠海市斗门第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
It may seem as if Mother's Day was invented by a company named Hallmark, but people have been taking time on the calendar to give a shout-out to Mom for a long time. The Greeks and Romans had mother goddess festivals — although their celebrations didn't involve the menfolk taking their underappreciated mothers out to dinner. A more recent tradition was Mothering Sunday, which developed in the British Isles during the 16th century. On the fourth Sunday in April, young men and women who were living and working apart from their families were advised to return to their mothers’ houses.
Mother's Day as it is observed in the United States started in the 1850s with Ann Jarvis, a West Virginia woman who held “Mothers' Work Days” to promote health and hygiene(卫生 ) at home and in the workplace. During the Civil War, Jarvis organized women to improve sanitary conditions for soldiers on both sides, and after the war she became a peacemaker, furthering the cause by bringing together mothers of Union and Confederate soldiers and promoting a Mother's Day holiday.
Jarvis's work inspired another 19th-century woman, Julia Ward Howe. In 1870 Howe published her “Mother's Day Proclamation”, which envisioned(设想) the day not as appreciation of mothers by their children but as an opportunity for women to exercise their collective power for peace. Howe started holding annual Mother's Day celebrations in Boston, her hometown, but after about a decade she stopped footing the bill and the tradition faded away.
It was Jarvis's daughter Anna who succeeded in getting Mother’s Day recognized as a national holiday. After her mother died, in May 1905, Anna started holding yearly ceremony on the anniversary and conducting a tireless PR campaign to have the day made a holiday. In 1908 she succeeded in enlisting the support of John Wanamaker, the Philadelphia department store magnate and advertising pioneer, and by 1912 West Virginia and a few other states had adopted Mother's Day. Two years later, President Woodrow Wilson signed a resolution declaring the second Sunday in May a national holiday.
It wasn't long, though, before whatever ideals the day was supposed to celebrate were buried under an amount of greeting cards and candy. By the 1920s Anna Jarvis was campaigning against the holiday she had been instrumental in creating. “I wanted it to be a day of emotionalism, not profit,” she said.
15．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．The Definition of Mother’s Day
B．The Argument on Celebrating Mother's Day
C．The Story Behind the Creation of Mother's Day
D．Different Forms of Celebration on Mother's Day
【答案】 15．C
【解析】
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了母亲节的历史发展背景，以及最终成为一个全国性的节日确定下来，到最后性质有所变化。选项C“母亲节背后的故事”正能说明母亲节的历史背景和发展变化，突出主题，简明扼要，适合做标题。故选C项。
13.【江苏省苏州第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
Amazon sometimes makes us check a box to save money. Those orange “coupon” (优惠券) banners below the price on Amazon’s online store are confusing. Why does Amazon make through the extra step of clicking a box to “save $2 when you apply this coupon ” Why doesn’t the coupon just apply automatically
The answer lies in the subtle but highly effective way Amazon and other stores use shopping psychology to influence our buying decisions. By making us click a box, Amazon hopes to avoid the “cart abandonment” problem—when shoppers add something to their virtual shopping cart but don’t end up buying it.
That’s a big challenge for online retailers. They miss out on billions of dollars of potential sales annually because of shoppers thinking twice about buying a product. Around 70% of online shopping carts containing at least one item are eventually abandoned, according to the Baymard Institute, an e-commerce consultancy based in Copenhagen.
The top reason customers walk away: They say they were just browsing and weren’t ready to make a purchase. So companies look for persuasion tactics (策略) to get shoppers to follow through and click the “buy” button. Amazon’s tactic to display a coupon option, instead of just automatically showing a discounted price, gives shoppers an extra incentive (动机) to make the purchase right away, say marketing experts.
Customers also want to be rewarded for the effort they put in to shop. It may not feel like much to click a box—but it does make a difference. Amazon’s coupon box puts customers in a more active and engaged role in landing a reward, making it more visceral (发自内心的) for them, said Tamara Masters, an assistant professor of marketing at the University of Utah’s David Eccles School of Business, who studies shopping psychology.
“By consciously seeing and clicking on the coupon box, instead of just having the coupon applied automatically the reward can be felt more acutely,” Masters said. That’s a benefit to Amazon in the long run. “When a consumer feels rewarded after making an effort to purchase something, they are more willing to buy and more willing to pay,” she added.
The coupon box is just one of the ways Amazon targets shoppers looking for bargains. Amazon also has a standalone page on its website for coupons on select brands. If shoppers go to the page, they can clip the coupons virtually and don’t have to take the extra step of checking a box.
This approach is designed to reach the shoppers who will shop exclusively based on which brands are offering coupons, which are different than products on sale, price promotions or discounts.
D．To recommend good products to customers.
15．What do the last two paragraphs tell us about Amazon
A．It will save shoppers’ time to check a box.
B．It persuades select brands to offer coupons.
C．It tries various means to target different shoppers.
D．It plans to reduce unfair competition among brands.
【答案】 15．C
【解析】
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“The coupon box is just one of the ways Amazon targets shoppers looking for bargains. Amazon also has a standalone page on its website for coupons on select brands. If shoppers go to the page, they can clip the coupons virtually and don’t have to take the extra step of checking a box.(优惠券盒只是亚马逊瞄准购物者寻找便宜货的方式之一。亚马逊在其网站上也有一个单独的页面，提供精选品牌的优惠券。如果购物者进入这个页面，他们可以虚拟地剪下优惠券，而不必采取额外的步骤去勾选一个方框。)”和最后一段“This approach is designed to reach the shoppers who will shop exclusively based on which brands are offering coupons, which are different than products on sale, price promotions or discounts.(这种方法的目的是吸引那些只会根据提供优惠券的品牌来购物的购物者，这些优惠券不同于正在销售的产品、价格促销或折扣。)”可知，最后两段告诉了我们亚马逊尝试各种方法来瞄准不同的消费者。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。一项突破性的新研究发现，当鸟类和蜜蜂合作保护咖啡树并为其授粉时，咖啡豆会更大、更丰富。
14.【河北省保定市保定部分高中2023-2024学年高三期末试题】
Several years ago, I was at a pre-season football practice at a high school where I was working with the team on a concussion (脑震荡) research project. The players were lined up in two rows facing each other and with little more instruction from the coach than, “on the whistle, hit the man across from you”, great concern rushed through my mind.
Professional sports get the lion’s share of attention, but over three million children and teenagers in the United States play the same game. This directly places concussions as a significant public health concern for all.
However, for decades, concussion has been considered a temporary injury with no long-term consequences. Many athletes will do just about anything to stay on the field and “play through the pain” as a sign of toughness. In 2005, with the release of the brain tissue pathology (病理学) report of Mike Webster a, a retired National Football League player, our thinking on concussion began to shift. Since then, public attention has focused on this link between brain injury and blows to the head. As our understanding of concussion progressed to understanding its significance as an injury, so too did the development of player equipment.
In the early 1900s football was played without helmets (头盔), but severe injuries, like skull fractures, led to the occasional use of leather helmets in the 1920s.The first facemask entered the game in the 1950s. Modern helmets use advanced shell materials, have moveable panels to absorb forces, and multi-layered padding that responds to different panies will continue to improve helmets as new materials become available, guided by the newest science.
Sports are an important part of a society’s culture and they give millions of children much-needed exercise. Yet, participation in any sport carries injury risk, and concussion will always be part of that. As those children become adults and make sport their hobby or even career, ensuring them play safely at all levels is essential.
10．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about concerning the helmet
A．Its gradual improvement.
B．Its widespread influence.
C．The discovery of its new materials.
D．The difficulty of its mass production.
【答案】 10．A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段的内容“In the early 1900s football was played without helmets (头盔), but severe injuries, like skull fractures, led to the occasional use of leather helmets in the 1920s.The first facemask entered the game in the 1950s. Modern helmets use advanced shell materials, have moveable panels to absorb forces, and multi-layered padding that responds to different panies will continue to improve helmets as new materials become available, guided by the newest science.（在20世纪初，足球是不戴头盔的，但20世纪20年代，颅骨骨折等严重损伤导致偶尔使用皮头盔。20世纪50年代，第一个面罩进入了比赛。现代头盔使用先进的外壳材料，有可移动的面板来吸收力，还有多层衬垫来应对不同的冲击。随着新材料的出现，公司将在最新科学的指导下继续改进头盔）”可知，该段主要是说运动员所戴头盔的改进与变化。故选A项。
15.【河北省保定市保定部分高中2023-2024学年高三期末试题】
What do Harry Potter, Katniss Everdeen, and Frodo all have in common with the heroes of ancient myths Joseph Campbell studied myths from all over the world and published a book called “The Hero with a Thousand Faces”, retelling dozens of stories and explaining how each represents the mono-myth, or Hero’s Journey. So, what is the “hero’s journey”
He thinks of it as a cycle in his book. The journey begins with the hero receiving a mysterious message, an invitation, or a challenge. After crossing the threshold from his safe home to adventure, with some help probably from someone older, wiser, our hero solves a riddle, slays a monster, escapes from a trap. The hero’s darkest hour then comes, when he faces death and possibly even dies, only to be reborn. As a result, the hero claims some treasure, special recognition, or power, which can vary between stories. After all that adventure, the hero returns to his ordinary world, but upgrades to a new level. Nothing is quite the same once you are a hero.
The Hero’s Journey myth exists in all human cultures and keeps getting updated, because we humans reflect on our world through symbolic stories of our own lives. You leave your comfort zone, have an experience that transforms you and then you recover and do it again. You don’t literally slay dragons or fight Voldemort, but you face problems just as scary. Joseph Campbell said, “In the cave you fear to enter lies the treasure you seek.”
What is the symbolic cave then you fear to enter Auditions for the school play Baseball tryouts The paper due
Watch for this formula in books, movies, and TV shows you come across. You will certainly see it again. Also be sensitive to it in your own life. Listen for your call to adventure. Accept the challenge. Conquer your fear and claim the treasure you seek. And then, do it all over again.
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Hero with a Thousand Faces. B．The Hero’s Journey.
C．How to Conquer Your Fear. D．Be Your Own Hero.
【答案】 15．D
【导语】15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“You will certainly see it again. Also be sensitive to it in your own life. Listen for your call to adventure. Accept the challenge. Conquer your fear and claim the treasure you seek. And then, do it all over again(你一定会再看到它。在你自己的生活中也要对它保持敏感。倾听冒险的召唤。接受挑战。征服你的恐惧，得到你想要的宝藏。然后，再来一遍)”可知，文章倡导去冒险，接受挑战。征服恐惧。D项：Be Your Own Hero(做自己的英雄)合乎题意。故选D。
16.【河北省石家庄市第十五中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
Recent research confirms what our farming ancestors have known for centuries about hedges (树篱). They conserve precious soil by acting as windbreaks and absorbing rainwater that would otherwise wash it from the fields. And hedges store carbon, putting them in the front line of our bi d to tackle the climate crisis.
However, hedges have had a tough time in the poor countryside, with farmers encouraged to tear them down in pursuit of maximum production and larger field s to accommodate ever-larger machinery. What’s more, some hedges have been ignored. If left to their own devices, they’ll eventually become a line of trees. Some hedges each year lose their structures and fail to fulfil the primary duty as a barrier. Around a half of the nation’s hedges have disappeared in the past century.
There are signs that “the tide is turning”. The search for net zero has aroused many organizations’ interest in the humble hedge’s role as a carbon sink. The Climate Change Committee is recommending a 40 percent increase in hedges: an additional 200,000 km. Such recommendations are starting to drive policy. Cash-pressed farmers will be encouraged to create new hedges and improve their management of existing ones under the new Environmental Land Management Schemes, which will replace many of the existing agricultural support payments in coming years. Meanwhile, initiatives such as Close the Gap, led by the Tree Council, is providing funding and support to plug the gaps in existing hedges with new planting. There’s even an app to help time-pressed farmers do a quick survey to spot where their hedges need some help.
This is a good time for hedges. Take some of the most pressing challenges facing the countryside, and indeed, the world as a whole — the climate crisis, soil erosion (侵蚀), insect attack and wider biodiversity loss — and hedges are part of the solution.
9．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about hedges
A．Their suffering. B．Their production.
C．Their duties. D．Their structures.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．Hedges: Ancient Resources
B．Hedges: Official Recommendations
C．Restoring Hedges: Bringing Benefits to the Environment
D．Researching Hedges: Originating from Farmers’ Request
【答案】 9．A 11．C
【解析】9．主旨大意题。由文章第二段“However, hedges have had a tough time in the poor countryside, with farmers encouraged to tear them down in pursuit of maximum production and larger field s to accommodate ever-larger machinery. What’s more, some hedges have been ignored. If left to their own devices, they’ll eventually become a line of trees. Some hedges each year lose their structures and fail to fulfil the primary duty as a barrier. Around a half of the nation’s hedges have disappeared in the past century. (然而，在贫穷的农村，树篱的日子并不好过，农民们被鼓励拆掉树篱，以追求最大产量和更大的田地，以容纳越来越大的机器。更重要的是，一些树篱被忽视了。如果任其发展，它们最终会变成一排树。每年都有些树篱失去其结构，无法履行作为屏障的主要职责。在过去的一个世纪里，这个国家大约一半的树篱已经消失了)”可知，第二段主要讲述了人们对树篱的破坏，即树篱的苦难。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“This is a good time for hedges. Take some of the most pressing challenges facing the countryside, and indeed, the world as a whole — the climate crisis, soil erosion (侵蚀), insect attack and wider biodiversity loss — and hedges are part of the solution. (现在是树篱的好时机。以农村乃至整个世界所面临的一些最紧迫的挑战为例——气候危机、土壤侵蚀、昆虫袭击和更广泛的生物多样性丧失——树篱是解决方案的一部分)”可知，文章主要介绍了树篱的作用，讲述树篱因为被破坏、忽视而无法发挥作用以及不断缩减，以及人们现在恢复和保护树篱的措施。由此可知，C选项“恢复树篱：为环境带来好处”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
17.【云南省三校联考备考2023-2024学年高三联考英语】
Night owls may be prone to heart disease and diabetes (糖尿病) than early birds because their bodies are less able to burn fat for energy, U.S. researchers say. People who rise early rely more on fat as an energy source. They are often more active in the day than those who stay up later, meaning fat may build up more easily in night owls, the scientists found.
The findings may help explain why night owls are at greater risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. They may also help doctors to identify patients early on who are more likely to develop the conditions.
The researchers divided 51 fat middle-aged adults into early birds and night owls, depending on their answers to a questionnaire on sleeping and activity habits. They monitored the volunteers’ activity pattern for a week and tested their bodies’ fuel preference at rest and while performing moderate or high-intensity exercise on a treadmill.
In Experimental Physiology, the team described how early birds were more sensitive to blood levels of the hormone insulin (胰岛素) and burned more fat than night owls while at rest and during exercise. The night owls were less sensitive to insulin and their bodies favored carbohydrates over fat as an energy source.
Prof Steven Malin, a senior author on the study and an expert in metabolism, said it was unclear why differences in metabolism were seen in night owls and early birds. But one possibility, he believes, is a mismatch between the time people go to bed and wake the next morning and the circadian rhythms (昼夜节奏) that govern their body clocks.
The findings could affect discussions around the health risks of night-shift work and even changing the clocks to suit daylight hours. “If we promote a timing pattern that is out of sync with nature, it could worsen health risks,” Malin said. “Whether dietary patterns or activity can help reduce these is an area we hope becomes clear in time.”
10．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．A brief introduction to the research method. B．A detailed account of the research findings.
C．Supporting evidence for the research results. D．Reasonable doubt about the research process.
【答案】10．B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“In Experimental Physiology , the team described how early birds were more sensitive to blood levels of the hormone insulin (胰岛素) and burned more fat than night owls while at rest and during exercise. The night owls were less sensitive to insulin and their bodies favored carbohydrates over fat as an energy source.(在《实验生理学》中，研究小组描述了“早起鸟”在休息和运动时对血液中胰岛素激素水平更敏感，燃烧的脂肪也比“夜猫子”多。“夜猫子”对胰岛素不太敏感，他们的身体更喜欢碳水化合物而不是脂肪作为能量来源)”可知，第四段详细介绍了研究结果，即研究发现“早起鸟”对血液中胰岛素激素水平更敏感，燃烧的脂肪也比“夜猫子”多，而“夜猫子”对胰岛素不太敏感，他们的身体更喜欢碳水化合物而不是脂肪作为能量来源。故选B项。
18.【湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高三试题】
Restaurants, cafes and the like are for eating and drinking, right
That’s a no-brainer, you say That’s your natural reaction, I’d say. Now, think. Rewind your mind. What do you recall Aren’t restaurants and cafes the new temples of learning
For youngsters, trendy cafes are the new meeting points, joint-study centers. What you witness is small groups reading-writing, eating-sipping, browsing-downloading, copying-pasting, banding-bonding. Youngsters are at it day after day, as if there’s no tomorrow, as if they are in a race against time to upload as much knowledge as possible into their brains. It wasn’t like this before. Previous generations of students would visit cafes for coffee, tea, soft drinks or snacks, maybe share a bit of good-natured jokes with their ”gang“ members.
For exam-related study, there were quiet areas in city libraries or the college library.
Back in my hometown during the late ‘80s and the early ‘90s, a handful of my classmates and I would gather at our homes, taking turns, in the run-up to key exams. During such ”night-outs“, we would study, exchange notes, share insights, brainstorm to solve tricky problems, anticipate test questions, and prepare accordingly. Not infrequently, we would discuss sports events, movies, film stars and, of course, girls.
Digital-age kids do it differently now. Why I can only guess. The foremost reason is free Wi-Fi and all that it offers. The environment at institutional libraries may not be to millennials’(千禧一代的)liking. Or, is it big pocket money or salary earned from part-time jobs Maybe, just a generational thing, a lifestyle trend, or the result of the single-child system.
One of my younger colleagues, a business journalist, last month married her childhood sweetheart, a heart surgeon, and, she told me, it all started back at school. So, the restaurants and bars promote real-life interactions, so important when addiction to online social media is seen making youth unsociable.
7．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Restaurants and Cafes in the Digital Times
B．How Millennials Are Changing Restaurants
C．Eat, Study, Bond at Wi-Fi-Enabled ”Temples“
D．Best Cafes with Free Wi-Fi for Work or Study
【答案】 7．C
【解析】主旨大意题。由文章第二段尾句“Aren’t restaurants and cafes the new temples of learning ”（餐馆和咖啡馆难道不是新的学习殿堂吗 ）和第三段首句“For youngsters, trendy cafes are the new meeting points, joint-study centers.”（对年轻人来说，时髦的咖啡馆是新的聚会场所，是共同学习的中心。）可知，文章主要讲了有网络氛围的餐馆和咖啡馆不仅仅是吃饭的地方，它们成为年轻人小聚、工作或学习的场所，故选C项。
19.【湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
In the late 1990s, a family visited the public elementary school where I taught deaf students. They said they would be moving to the district and planned to enroll (报名) their deaf daughter as a first grader. They were upset that their child’s kindergarten teacher Jane cautioned them not to have high hopes for her academically. Based upon assessment results, the teacher painted a discouraging picture for their little girl’s future. Standing behind them was Fiona, a beautiful five-year -old with long shiny brown hair and dark flashing eyes. The whole time her parents were there she didn’t make a sound or use sign language, even when her parents encouraged her.
After a few weeks with Fiona, I discovered I was dealing with a very bright, very strong-willed child. Although I was able to engage her in a variety of learning activities, writing was a continual struggle. I tried all kinds of ways to interest her in writing. Every time the pencils came out, she would shut down and refuse to participate.
One day Fiona got off her bus and stood in front of the school, weeping. The staff members present did not know enough sign language to ask her why she was crying. Finally they took her into the office where they handed her a pen and notepad. Fiona wrote: “PACBAK”. Immediately the office staff realized she left her backpack on the bus. They asked the bus to come back to school and soon Fiona was reunited with her backpack.
That day Fiona discovered the power of the pen. From then on, she had a new appreciation for writing. She is a young woman now and has become an excellent writer, public speaker and student leader. During her senior year in high school, Fiona became the Douglas County Rodeo Queen and the following year she enrolled at the University of Northern Colorado, determined to become a teacher. In the summer of 2008, I traveled to the National Association of the Deaf Conference in New Orleans and watched her perform competitively as Miss Deaf Colorado. Fiona keeps in touch and I especially treasure her e-mails with term papers attached. This young lady has a very powerful pen!
7．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Power of the Pen B．Ambition of a Deaf Girl
C．Appreciation of the Pen D．Spelling of a Backpack
【答案】 7．A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段首末句“That day Fiona discovered the power of the pen. From then on, she had a new appreciation for writing.(那天Fiona发现了笔的力量。从那时起，她对写作有了新的欣赏。)”和“This young lady has a very powerful pen!(这位年轻的女士有一支很厉害的笔！)”并综合全文可知，文章讲述了有听力障碍的学生Fiona发现了用笔写作的力量，并以此为契机成为了更好的自己，因此推断A项“Power of the Pen(笔的力量)”为最佳标题，点睛且有吸引力。故选A。
20.【湘豫名校联考2023-2024学年高三试题】
When Philip Santini noticed an infection, he contacted his primary care physician, Jane Chargot, M. D．, and she gave him some medicine.
However, test results showed that he wasn’t recovering. Over the phone, Santini was told he would need to go to the hospital to get infusions (输液) three times a day for a week. He was packed and ready to head out to the hospital when he received another phone call. An alternative plan was suggested instead — Hospital Care at Home.
Care at Home, a Michigan Medicine program which improves the patient experience while freeing up hospital beds, has already admitted and transferred more than 50 patients from the emergency department and inpatient hospital to receive hospital level care from the comfort of their own homes.
Santini was the first direct registration patient for this program, meaning he never presented to the hospital initially. It was no surprise that there was a celebration for this milestone.
“I was ready to head out to the emergency department,” said Santini, who even had a list of things to take when he got a call from Stephanie Paran, R. N. , a nurse at U-M Briarwood Family Medicine. “Hearing Paran’s words, I sprang to my feet and didn’t hesitate to accept the advice.”
Although he initially didn’t know what to expect, he later said what the care team did was far beyond his expectations, especially the caregivers. The staff gave him infusions three times a day for six days. They took his regular medications away, just like how they would in a hospital. They checked the infection, drew blood and even brought in an ultrasound machine. “I didn’t know that was possible,” Santini said. After discharge, a Michigan Visiting Nurse visited once a week until he completely recovered.
Santini believed treatment at home has helped the healing process. “I’ve never felt really comfortable in the hospital,” he said. “It’s hard to get good sleep there. At home I had my own food, my own bed, plus my wife is here. No one has to go out of their way to visit me. It’s a healthier experience. I would encourage anyone to consider it.”
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．A Cure for Common Infection B．A Tendency in Family Health
C．The Popularity of Medical Care D．Hospital Level Care at Home
【答案】 7．D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“An alternative plan was suggested instead — Hospital Care at Home.(有人提出了一个替代方案——在家接受医院护理。)”，第三段“Care at Home, a Michigan Medicine program which improves the patient experience while freeing up hospital beds, has already admitted and transferred more than 50 patients from the emergency department and inpatient hospital to receive hospital level care from the comfort of their own homes.(密歇根医学院的“居家护理”项目改善了患者体验，同时腾出了医院床位。该项目已经接收并转移了50多名急诊科和住院医院的患者，让他们在舒适的家中接受医院级别的护理。)”和最后一段第一句“Santini believed treatment at home has helped the healing process.(桑蒂尼认为在家治疗有助于康复过程。)”可知，文章主要是介绍密歇根医学院的“居家护理”项目的专业服务和优势。故选D。易错点纠错练08 主旨大意题易错练
名校主旨大意题易错题通关练
1.【福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024学年高三12月试题】
I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province, on the historic Tea Horse Road. I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet, I was blown away. I couldn’t imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world.
Last May, I met Paul. He told me that it was his first time in China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and discoveries in my region of China. He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao (the Southern Silk Road), the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of Xuanzang. Paul considered many of them heroes and in a sense Chinese pioneers of slow journalism.
I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we set out. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We woke up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.
We met many people on the road. Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us; some gave us directions; some invited us into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds.
Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths through mountains, I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road.
Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each other’s cultures.
6．What does paragraph 4 tell us about the writer and Paul
A．They honored the ancestors. B．They set off in high spirits.
C．They satisfied the locals’ curiosity. D．They built bonds with people.
2.【广东省2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考模拟预测】
Poet Wadsworth Longfellow said “music is the universal language of mankind”, and there’s growing evidence that he was right. New research shows people with Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆) disease often respond to familiar music or song lyrics, even when their memories and ability to participate in conversation may be flagging.
Jonathan Graff-Radford,Doctor of Medicine,explains on The Mayo Clinic website why this may be: “Musical memories are often preserved in Alzheimer’s patients because key brain areas linked to musical memory are relatively undamaged by the disease.”
When English senior Ted McDermott was diagnosed with Alzheimer in 2016, his son Simon McDermott found Ted became verbally and physically violent as the disease progressed. Grateful for the resources provided by the Alzheimer’s Society, Simon and 80-year-old Ted made videos of their daily car duets (二重唱) for a fundraising ‘‘Singing for the Brain” program in 2019. Truly remarkable,considering that some days Ted didn’t recognize Simon.
The songs brought them to the attention of the public. In just a few months their efforts had considerable success on YouTube, raising over 100,000, and resulting in a contract with Decca Records for 80-year-old Ted. Although Ted has begun to decline a little in the last years, he always remembers the words to his favorite songs and is happy to go with Simon daily in the car to sing. Different music-related programs and projects are offered by the U.K. Alzheimer’s Society organizations. These programs are designed for people with Alzheimer to provide mental stimulation in a supportive social environment.
Social engagement and keeping your brain active, along with a healthy diet and exercising, may seem like obvious good habits to follow for your health in general. They’ve also been proven to be factors in reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer.
It’s never too late to start taking care of your body and your brain — so make music appreciation or singing part of the routine of your loved one struggling with Alzheimer. As William Shakespeare said, “If music be the food of love,play on.”
15．What is the text mainly about
A．80-year-old Ted defeats Alzheimer’s disease.
B．The power of music for Alzheimer’s patients.
C．Poets inspire Alzheimer’s patients with music.
D．A good habit to follow for your physical health.
3.【广东深圳明德实验学校2021届高三上学期阶段性试卷】
ByteDance（字节跳动）Group’s TikTok, an overseas version of Chinese short video sharing app Douyin, faces an existential crisis in the United States, as murmurs of a “crackdown”（强制取缔）from the White House forced the Chinese company to engage in talks on selling its US business to Microsoft.
TikTok is the fastest-growing registered global mobile internet app, with more than 100 million users, and its rapid growth, especially in the US, is seen as a threat to Facebook. The US government has long viewed globally competitive Chinese high-tech companies including Huawei as a threat and done whatever it could to crack down on（打击）them in the name of “national security”.
The US government has not introduced any specific policy against TikTok, only threatened it through a number of unclear statements.
According to the latest media reports, Microsoft is prepared to press ahead with the negotiations to take over TikTok’s US operations and complete the negotiations by Sept 15, following talks between Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella and US President Donald Trump.
This means that TikTok will have to hand its fate over to some unpredictable power, and even have to sell its assets without the option of setting a price.
The US government has failed to find a reasonable legal excuse to deal with TikTok. All private data of TikTok’s US users are stored in the US and are unlikely to be transferred. Considering the US government is trying to deal with TikTok in a political way, TikTok should consider incorporating（合并）the dispute into the US legal process to assert（坚持）its legal rights and interests.
TiKTok’s core value lies in its unique algorithms, a product of artificial intelligence that represents the expertise of Chinese engineers and programmers with high-value intellectual property.
The US government’s move, which has forced ByteDance to sell TikTok to a US company, is similar to a forced technology transfer and an example of the US’ open seizure of Chinese intellectual property.
If ByteDance sells TikTok to a US company for “security reasons", that would set a dangerous precedent, motivating other countries where TikTok operates to follow the US administration's example and cause a chain reaction.
ByteDance is a young Chinese private company that cannot deal with a political game played by the US. But as a Chinese company that has gone global, ByteDance has reasons to take up legal means to defend its legal rights. The Chinese government can also consider examining whether the technology transfer in the deal violates China’s law and harms the country’s national interests.
15．What can be the best title for the news report
A．TikTok must defend its rights legally
B．TikTok is seen as a threat to Facebook
C．ByteDance has to sell TikTok to a US company
D．ByteDance agrees to transfer technology
4.【广东省华南师范大学附中2023-2024学年高三试题】
Jenn Larson was just 14 years old when she took over the bookkeeping for her family’s dairy farm near Firth, Idaho. She soon saw firsthand how challenging it was for her parents, who lacked any college education, to properly manage the unpredictable earnings of farming. This started a lifelong passion for finance, and it led her down an unexpected path to becoming a role model she never had.
Yet, such ambitions ran in obvious contrast to everything familiar to her. “I didn’t have any advisors,” Larson says. “I didn’t have anyone to look up to for a professional example. All the women I associated with were stay-at-home moms.” Despite having parents who couldn’t fully understand her ambitions, Larson went to the BYU Marriott School, where she earned a business degree and focused much of her coursework on international finance.
Larson worked for seven years as a financial representative with Northwestern Mutual, advising clients on important financial decisions. Larson returned to BYU Marriott in 2008 to earn an MBA, and accepted a position in the school as an assistant professor following her graduation. For more than a decade, Larson has taught finance classes to undergraduate and MBA students. While she teaches finance, Larson tries to help her students see how mastering finance principles can also impact their personal lives.
Constantly balancing motherhood and work, Larson makes adjustments to the way she teaches. She gave birth to her first three children in three years while teaching at BYU Marriott, wondering at times if labor might start while in front of a class full of students. During the pandemic, Larson taught online classes from her dining room table while taking care of a newborn and other young children at home.
As a female instructor in the often male-dominated finance industry, Larson works to inspire other women who seek a similar path to hers. Larson became the role model that she never had — the example that a 14-year-old girl staring at a farming expense sheet couldn’t find. Now, Labson’s children and students will always have that example.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Following Your Interest B．Balancing Work and Family
C．Becoming Your Own Role Model D．Seeking a Way to Become a Role Model
5.【广东省华南师范大学附中2023-2024学年高三试题】
Beavers(海狸), like humans, change their surroundings to fit their needs. Known as nature’s engineers, they tear trees down to build homes to live in and dams to raise water levels for protection from endemics. Dams also slow water’s flow while blocking sediment(沉积物)that would otherwise flow downstream. The resulting wetlands often attract wildlife diversity where none had existed. There are challenges, though. Beaver dams sometimes cause flooding, and most people prefer trees alive and upright.
Communities face a delicate balancing act, learning to coexist with beavers. Last winter, many people enjoying Winston Path became beaver fans as one furry family transformed Swallow Pond into an oasis for birds, frogs, turtles and deer.
......
8．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．Where beavers’ favorite surroundings are.
B．What effects beavers have on their habitat.
C．Why beavers are called nature’s engineers.
D．How beavers help attract wildlife diversity.
6.【浙江金华第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
For many Americans, regular exercise is a complicated commitment—one made at the beginning of January that fades out within weeks or months. Busy work schedules, a lack of motivation and unease towards exercising in public all contribute to the discouraging statistics that only around a quarter of adults exercise enough per week.
This month, enterptiser Trent Ward and designer Yves Behar are uncovering their design for a mirror fitness system, Forme. Forme is reflective like a mirror, uses machine learning to heighten workouts, and offers attachments including ankle belts, rope handles and a heart rate monitor. When not in use, the two arms that form the resistance pulley (滑轮) system fold behind it and the display screen disappears, turning Forme into a simple full—length mirror.
Interest in home exercise has particularly increased recently around the world. Home workout apps have seen a significant uptick in downloads, and trendy brands like Peloton have rolled out free virtual workouts for everyone stuck indoors. One French athlete who was kept away from others chose to run an entire marathon on his 23-foot balcony.
But beyond the new restrictions affecting daily workout routines, Ward and Behar are tapping into the same concerns that have made every home workout appealing：the ability to save time and sweat in the privacy of one’s home. In an age of personal metrics (衡量标准)--where one can measure their heart rate and sleep cycles with smart watches and train for marathons with AI smart sneakers----Ward and Behar want to improve exercise through machine learning. Forme evaluates performance and adjusts weights accordingly. Easy access to one’s own performance data also makes it easier to track that progress and stay motivated.
Though it’s too soon to tell if mirror gyms will be the trend of the late 2010s to 2020s, Behar explained that having a screen in the home can become the basis for more than just fitness, such as shopping or telemedicine.
12．What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on .
A．The ways to operate Forme. B．The features of Forme.
C．The reasons to develop Forme. D．The theory behind Forme.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Can Forme Have More Powerful Functions
B．Does Regular Exercise Keep up with New Technology
C．Is the New Trend of Smart Machines at Home available
D．Is this AI—Powered "Mirror Gym" the Future of Home Exercise
7.【浙江省9 1高中联盟2023-2024学年高三期中试题】
In nature, octopuses (章鱼) hunt mainly with their sense of touch, using their eight arms to feel out their environment for hidden creatures. Researchers at the University of Minnesota recently studied a different way octopuses hunt—when they identify prey (猎物) based on sight. The study findings show that the marine creatures are quite consistent and methodical in how they approach prey.
Lead researcher Trevor Wardill and his team placed California two-spot octopuses into water tanks, hiding them in caves where they would have one eye looking out. They then placed either fiddler crabs or white shrimp in the tanks to see how the octopuses would try to catch them, capturing the interactions on video. The crabs and shrimp behave differently when trying to escape from predators (捕猎者), so using both species gave the researchers an opportunity to see whether this led the octopuses to use a different arm for hunting depending on the prey.
Wardill’s team found that the octopuses almost always used the same arm to grab their prey. Specifically, the second arm from the middle of the octopuses’ body, on the same side of their body as the eye, caught the prey. If they needed more arms to grab prey, they would use the ones next to the second arm.
The octopuses also attacked differently depending on the prey. When faced with crabs, an octopus would move suddenly on top of the crab with its whole body. However, when catching shrimp, the octopuses would take one arm and reach out very slowly toward the shrimp, then grab it and latch (缠住) onto it with its other arms to pull it in.
Wardill and his team hope to do more research. They want to study the octopus’s brain as it attacks pre y to develop a better understanding of what role the creature’s nervous system plays in selecting the arms it uses.
31．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．Octopuses: Skillful Hunters B．Octopuses: One-armed Predators
C．Octopuses: A Sharp-eyed Species D．Octopuses: A Mysterious Creature
8.【浙江省四校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考英语试题】
Cookie-consent (准许) pop-ups are one of the biggest annoyances on the Internet. Almost every site you visit has a notice saying, “This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Do you agree ” Typically, we click “yes” or “agree” without even thinking about it because we’re eager to get to the content. But should we Not necessarily.
Cookies are essentially information collectors and trackers in the form of small text files stored on your browser by the sites you visit. Some are useful. For example, a cookie saved on your browser makes it so you don’t have to re-enter your log-in information every time you visit one of your favorite websites. Cookies can also remember your shopping preferences so that you get a personalized experience when you visit the website. Others, however, track how you use a website, how often you go there, your IP address, your phone number, what types of things you look at and buy, and other information you may not want to share.
Many companies have you click “yes” to follow current privacy laws. This means that once you click, you’ve given the company permission to use your information as they see fit without the worry of legal objections. Most of the time, cookies are no big deal. There are a few occasions, though, where you should decline cookies. Don’t worry——if you find yourself in a situation where you need to decline or simply want to decline for whatever reason, most websites will work just fine without collecting your information. With that said, here’s when saying no to the cookies is a good idea.
Beware when you’re on an unencrypted (未加密的) website (these websites will have an unlocked lock icon by the web address) while using a public Wi-Fi network. The information collected by cookies can be intercepted (拦截) by hackers because there isn’t any security to stop them. Your best bet when borrowing Wi-Fi from your local coffee shop is to use your browser’s private mode. While in this mode, cookies aren’t collected, no matter where your Internet journeys take you.
30．What’s the risk of using cookies on unsecured websites
A．Limited access to personalized content. B．Inefficiency in processing user requests.
C．Slower website loading times and limited features. D．Increased exposure to unauthorized data collection.
31．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Dos and Don’ts of Online Consents. B．Cautious about Cookie Pop-ups.
C．Protecting Your Privacy Online. D．The Function of Cookies.
9.【浙江省四校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考英语试题】
Earlier studies suggested that fatigue from virtual meetings stems from mental overload, but new research from Aalto University shows that sleepiness during virtual meetings might actually be a result of mental underload and boredom.
“I expected to find that people get stressed in remote meetings. But the result was the opposite —— especially those who were not engaged in their work quickly became drowsy during remote meetings, “says Assistant Professor Niina Nurmi, who led the study.
The researchers measured heart rate variability during virtual meetings and face-to-face meetings,examining different types of fatigue experiences among 44 knowledge workers across nearly 400 meetings. The team at Aalto collaborated with researchers at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health,where stress and recovery are studied using heart rate monitors. “We shadowed each subject for two workdays, recording all events with time stamps, to find out the sources of human physiological responses,”Nurmi says.
The study also included a questionnaire to identify people’s general attitude and work engagement. ”The format of a meeting had little effect on people who were highly engaged and enthusiastic about their work. They were able to stay active even during virtual meetings. On the other hand, workers whose work engagement was low and who were not very enthusiastic about their work found virtual meetings very tiring. “
It’s easier to maintain focus in face-to-face meetings than virtual ones, as the latter have limited cognitive cues and sensory input. “Especially when cameras are off, the participant is left under-stimulated and may start to compensate by multitasking,” Nurmi explains. Although an appropriate level of stimulation is generally beneficial for the brain, multitasking during virtual meetings is problematic. Only highly automated tasks, such as walking, can be properly carried out during a virtual meeting.
“Walking and other automated activities can boost your energy levels and help you to concentrate on the meeting. But if you’re trying to focus on two things that require cognitive attention simultaneously, you can’t hear if something important is happening in the meeting. Alternatively, you have to constantly switch between tasks. It’s really taxing for the brain,”Nurmi says.
35．What is the text mainly about
A．How remote meetings differ from face-to-face ones.
B．Why cognitive attention in virtual meetings decreases.
C．What role a person’s personality plays in remote meetings.
D．Where the problem with the present meeting formats lies.
10.【广东省汕头2023-2024学年高三名校四校期中联考】
Carried by the wind, dust particles (微粒) from places such as the Sahara Desert can float halfway around the world before settling to the ground. As the plastics abandoned by humans break down into tiny pieces in the environment, they, too, travel through the atmosphere. Now scientists are a step closer to understanding how these microplastics travel in the globe — both locally and on long-distance flights.
Researchers spent more than a year collecting microplastics from 11 national parks and wilderness areas in the western U.S. They examined the particles that settled on dry days and those that fell along with rain or snow. In addition to making clear how microplastics move around, the results, published on Thursday in Science, reveal the seriousness of the problem: more than 1 million kilograms of microplastics — the weight of 120 million to 300 million plastic water bottles — fall on protected lands in the country’s western region each year.
The new findings add to scientists’ concern over microplastic pollution’s potential impacts on the environment and human health. “We’re not supposed to breathe in this material,” says Steve Allen, a microplastics researcher at the University of Strathclyde in Scotland, who was not involved in the new study. “Plastics in the environment “carry all sorts of pesticides (农药), heavy metals and all the other chemicals that we’ve made over time,” he adds. “They’re going to carry them directly into our lungs.”
Since their discovery in oceans in the 1970s, microplastics — which can be as large as a grain of rice or smaller than a particle of dust — have been found nearly everywhere researchers have looked: in cities, in Arctic snow, on remote mountaintops. Their presence in areas distant from the place where human live has pointed to them being carried by winds.
15．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Dust Particles Is Harmful to Our Lungs B．The Environment Is Threatened by Plastics
C．Microplastics Are Falling from the Sky D．Microplastics Do Harm to Health
11.【广东省珠海市斗门第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
Bergl doesn’t consider himself the next Thomas Edison, He’s just a man loving animals, Africa and adventure, Yet, Bergl might have invented a tool as great as the light bulb (灯泡) ―a tool that uses modern-day technology to solve an almost prehistoric (史前) problem.
The tool is called the SMART. It is designed to be waterproof (防水的) , shockproof and poacher (偷猎者) proof. Bergl worked with worldwide wildlife groups to develop it in 2011. Since then it has been seen in more than 55 countries where poachers have forced the best-known but most endangered animals to nearly die out .
SMART works as a very simple smart phone―it lets the user record what they see, like animal sightings. changes in animals and illegal activities If a park ranger (管理员) sees something that is very important, that information can be sent to the cloud (云) and sent out to the base camp so they can take action and stop the killing
Bergl and his workmates travel to African wildlife reserves now and then They teach park rangers in some of the most remote countries how to use SMART. “SMART makes collection of information easier It allows us to pay attention to the things that really important. according to what the information is telling an,”Aid Skim Young, manager of the Etosha National park in Namibia, “thanks to SMART, most of Africa’s endangered animals seem to be coming back.”
Bergl never plans to make money from his small but great invention. SMART is free and doesn’t even have a patents(专利).
5．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How SMART was created B．What SMART is like.
C．Why SMART got popular. D．How SMART works.
12.【广东省珠海市斗门第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
It may seem as if Mother's Day was invented by a company named Hallmark, but people have been taking time on the calendar to give a shout-out to Mom for a long time. The Greeks and Romans had mother goddess festivals — although their celebrations didn't involve the menfolk taking their underappreciated mothers out to dinner. A more recent tradition was Mothering Sunday, which developed in the British Isles during the 16th century. On the fourth Sunday in April, young men and women who were living and working apart from their families were advised to return to their mothers’ houses.
Mother's Day as it is observed in the United States started in the 1850s with Ann Jarvis, a West Virginia woman who held “Mothers' Work Days” to promote health and hygiene(卫生 ) at home and in the workplace. During the Civil War, Jarvis organized women to improve sanitary conditions for soldiers on both sides, and after the war she became a peacemaker, furthering the cause by bringing together mothers of Union and Confederate soldiers and promoting a Mother's Day holiday.
Jarvis's work inspired another 19th-century woman, Julia Ward Howe. In 1870 Howe published her “Mother's Day Proclamation”, which envisioned(设想) the day not as appreciation of mothers by their children but as an opportunity for women to exercise their collective power for peace. Howe started holding annual Mother's Day celebrations in Boston, her hometown, but after about a decade she stopped footing the bill and the tradition faded away.
It was Jarvis's daughter Anna who succeeded in getting Mother’s Day recognized as a national holiday. After her mother died, in May 1905, Anna started holding yearly ceremony on the anniversary and conducting a tireless PR campaign to have the day made a holiday. In 1908 she succeeded in enlisting the support of John Wanamaker, the Philadelphia department store magnate and advertising pioneer, and by 1912 West Virginia and a few other states had adopted Mother's Day. Two years later, President Woodrow Wilson signed a resolution declaring the second Sunday in May a national holiday.
It wasn't long, though, before whatever ideals the day was supposed to celebrate were buried under an amount of greeting cards and candy. By the 1920s Anna Jarvis was campaigning against the holiday she had been instrumental in creating. “I wanted it to be a day of emotionalism, not profit,” she said.
15．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．The Definition of Mother’s Day
B．The Argument on Celebrating Mother's Day
C．The Story Behind the Creation of Mother's Day
D．Different Forms of Celebration on Mother's Day
13.【江苏省苏州第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
Amazon sometimes makes us check a box to save money. Those orange “coupon” (优惠券) banners below the price on Amazon’s online store are confusing. Why does Amazon make through the extra step of clicking a box to “save $2 when you apply this coupon ” Why doesn’t the coupon just apply automatically
The answer lies in the subtle but highly effective way Amazon and other stores use shopping psychology to influence our buying decisions. By making us click a box, Amazon hopes to avoid the “cart abandonment” problem—when shoppers add something to their virtual shopping cart but don’t end up buying it.
That’s a big challenge for online retailers. They miss out on billions of dollars of potential sales annually because of shoppers thinking twice about buying a product. Around 70% of online shopping carts containing at least one item are eventually abandoned, according to the Baymard Institute, an e-commerce consultancy based in Copenhagen.
The top reason customers walk away: They say they were just browsing and weren’t ready to make a purchase. So companies look for persuasion tactics (策略) to get shoppers to follow through and click the “buy” button. Amazon’s tactic to display a coupon option, instead of just automatically showing a discounted price, gives shoppers an extra incentive (动机) to make the purchase right away, say marketing experts.
Customers also want to be rewarded for the effort they put in to shop. It may not feel like much to click a box—but it does make a difference. Amazon’s coupon box puts customers in a more active and engaged role in landing a reward, making it more visceral (发自内心的) for them, said Tamara Masters, an assistant professor of marketing at the University of Utah’s David Eccles School of Business, who studies shopping psychology.
“By consciously seeing and clicking on the coupon box, instead of just having the coupon applied automatically the reward can be felt more acutely,” Masters said. That’s a benefit to Amazon in the long run. “When a consumer feels rewarded after making an effort to purchase something, they are more willing to buy and more willing to pay,” she added.
The coupon box is just one of the ways Amazon targets shoppers looking for bargains. Amazon also has a standalone page on its website for coupons on select brands. If shoppers go to the page, they can clip the coupons virtually and don’t have to take the extra step of checking a box.
This approach is designed to reach the shoppers who will shop exclusively based on which brands are offering coupons, which are different than products on sale, price promotions or discounts.
D．To recommend good products to customers.
15．What do the last two paragraphs tell us about Amazon
A．It will save shoppers’ time to check a box.
B．It persuades select brands to offer coupons.
C．It tries various means to target different shoppers.
D．It plans to reduce unfair competition among brands.
14.【河北省保定市保定部分高中2023-2024学年高三期末试题】
Several years ago, I was at a pre-season football practice at a high school where I was working with the team on a concussion (脑震荡) research project. The players were lined up in two rows facing each other and with little more instruction from the coach than, “on the whistle, hit the man across from you”, great concern rushed through my mind.
Professional sports get the lion’s share of attention, but over three million children and teenagers in the United States play the same game. This directly places concussions as a significant public health concern for all.
However, for decades, concussion has been considered a temporary injury with no long-term consequences. Many athletes will do just about anything to stay on the field and “play through the pain” as a sign of toughness. In 2005, with the release of the brain tissue pathology (病理学) report of Mike Webster a, a retired National Football League player, our thinking on concussion began to shift. Since then, public attention has focused on this link between brain injury and blows to the head. As our understanding of concussion progressed to understanding its significance as an injury, so too did the development of player equipment.
In the early 1900s football was played without helmets (头盔), but severe injuries, like skull fractures, led to the occasional use of leather helmets in the 1920s.The first facemask entered the game in the 1950s. Modern helmets use advanced shell materials, have moveable panels to absorb forces, and multi-layered padding that responds to different panies will continue to improve helmets as new materials become available, guided by the newest science.
Sports are an important part of a society’s culture and they give millions of children much-needed exercise. Yet, participation in any sport carries injury risk, and concussion will always be part of that. As those children become adults and make sport their hobby or even career, ensuring them play safely at all levels is essential.
10．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about concerning the helmet
A．Its gradual improvement.
B．Its widespread influence.
C．The discovery of its new materials.
D．The difficulty of its mass production.
15.【河北省保定市保定部分高中2023-2024学年高三期末试题】
What do Harry Potter, Katniss Everdeen, and Frodo all have in common with the heroes of ancient myths Joseph Campbell studied myths from all over the world and published a book called “The Hero with a Thousand Faces”, retelling dozens of stories and explaining how each represents the mono-myth, or Hero’s Journey. So, what is the “hero’s journey”
He thinks of it as a cycle in his book. The journey begins with the hero receiving a mysterious message, an invitation, or a challenge. After crossing the threshold from his safe home to adventure, with some help probably from someone older, wiser, our hero solves a riddle, slays a monster, escapes from a trap. The hero’s darkest hour then comes, when he faces death and possibly even dies, only to be reborn. As a result, the hero claims some treasure, special recognition, or power, which can vary between stories. After all that adventure, the hero returns to his ordinary world, but upgrades to a new level. Nothing is quite the same once you are a hero.
The Hero’s Journey myth exists in all human cultures and keeps getting updated, because we humans reflect on our world through symbolic stories of our own lives. You leave your comfort zone, have an experience that transforms you and then you recover and do it again. You don’t literally slay dragons or fight Voldemort, but you face problems just as scary. Joseph Campbell said, “In the cave you fear to enter lies the treasure you seek.”
What is the symbolic cave then you fear to enter Auditions for the school play Baseball tryouts The paper due
Watch for this formula in books, movies, and TV shows you come across. You will certainly see it again. Also be sensitive to it in your own life. Listen for your call to adventure. Accept the challenge. Conquer your fear and claim the treasure you seek. And then, do it all over again.
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Hero with a Thousand Faces. B．The Hero’s Journey.
C．How to Conquer Your Fear. D．Be Your Own Hero.
16.【河北省石家庄市第十五中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
Recent research confirms what our farming ancestors have known for centuries about hedges (树篱). They conserve precious soil by acting as windbreaks and absorbing rainwater that would otherwise wash it from the fields. And hedges store carbon, putting them in the front line of our bi d to tackle the climate crisis.
However, hedges have had a tough time in the poor countryside, with farmers encouraged to tear them down in pursuit of maximum production and larger field s to accommodate ever-larger machinery. What’s more, some hedges have been ignored. If left to their own devices, they’ll eventually become a line of trees. Some hedges each year lose their structures and fail to fulfil the primary duty as a barrier. Around a half of the nation’s hedges have disappeared in the past century.
There are signs that “the tide is turning”. The search for net zero has aroused many organizations’ interest in the humble hedge’s role as a carbon sink. The Climate Change Committee is recommending a 40 percent increase in hedges: an additional 200,000 km. Such recommendations are starting to drive policy. Cash-pressed farmers will be encouraged to create new hedges and improve their management of existing ones under the new Environmental Land Management Schemes, which will replace many of the existing agricultural support payments in coming years. Meanwhile, initiatives such as Close the Gap, led by the Tree Council, is providing funding and support to plug the gaps in existing hedges with new planting. There’s even an app to help time-pressed farmers do a quick survey to spot where their hedges need some help.
This is a good time for hedges. Take some of the most pressing challenges facing the countryside, and indeed, the world as a whole — the climate crisis, soil erosion (侵蚀), insect attack and wider biodiversity loss — and hedges are part of the solution.
9．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about hedges
A．Their suffering. B．Their production.
C．Their duties. D．Their structures.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．Hedges: Ancient Resources
B．Hedges: Official Recommendations
C．Restoring Hedges: Bringing Benefits to the Environment
D．Researching Hedges: Originating from Farmers’ Request
17.【云南省三校联考备考2023-2024学年高三联考英语】
Night owls may be prone to heart disease and diabetes (糖尿病) than early birds because their bodies are less able to burn fat for energy, U.S. researchers say. People who rise early rely more on fat as an energy source. They are often more active in the day than those who stay up later, meaning fat may build up more easily in night owls, the scientists found.
The findings may help explain why night owls are at greater risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. They may also help doctors to identify patients early on who are more likely to develop the conditions.
The researchers divided 51 fat middle-aged adults into early birds and night owls, depending on their answers to a questionnaire on sleeping and activity habits. They monitored the volunteers’ activity pattern for a week and tested their bodies’ fuel preference at rest and while performing moderate or high-intensity exercise on a treadmill.
In Experimental Physiology, the team described how early birds were more sensitive to blood levels of the hormone insulin (胰岛素) and burned more fat than night owls while at rest and during exercise. The night owls were less sensitive to insulin and their bodies favored carbohydrates over fat as an energy source.
Prof Steven Malin, a senior author on the study and an expert in metabolism, said it was unclear why differences in metabolism were seen in night owls and early birds. But one possibility, he believes, is a mismatch between the time people go to bed and wake the next morning and the circadian rhythms (昼夜节奏) that govern their body clocks.
The findings could affect discussions around the health risks of night-shift work and even changing the clocks to suit daylight hours. “If we promote a timing pattern that is out of sync with nature, it could worsen health risks,” Malin said. “Whether dietary patterns or activity can help reduce these is an area we hope becomes clear in time.”
10．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．A brief introduction to the research method. B．A detailed account of the research findings.
C．Supporting evidence for the research results. D．Reasonable doubt about the research process.
18.【湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高三试题】
Restaurants, cafes and the like are for eating and drinking, right
That’s a no-brainer, you say That’s your natural reaction, I’d say. Now, think. Rewind your mind. What do you recall Aren’t restaurants and cafes the new temples of learning
For youngsters, trendy cafes are the new meeting points, joint-study centers. What you witness is small groups reading-writing, eating-sipping, browsing-downloading, copying-pasting, banding-bonding. Youngsters are at it day after day, as if there’s no tomorrow, as if they are in a race against time to upload as much knowledge as possible into their brains. It wasn’t like this before. Previous generations of students would visit cafes for coffee, tea, soft drinks or snacks, maybe share a bit of good-natured jokes with their ”gang“ members.
For exam-related study, there were quiet areas in city libraries or the college library.
Back in my hometown during the late ‘80s and the early ‘90s, a handful of my classmates and I would gather at our homes, taking turns, in the run-up to key exams. During such ”night-outs“, we would study, exchange notes, share insights, brainstorm to solve tricky problems, anticipate test questions, and prepare accordingly. Not infrequently, we would discuss sports events, movies, film stars and, of course, girls.
Digital-age kids do it differently now. Why I can only guess. The foremost reason is free Wi-Fi and all that it offers. The environment at institutional libraries may not be to millennials’(千禧一代的)liking. Or, is it big pocket money or salary earned from part-time jobs Maybe, just a generational thing, a lifestyle trend, or the result of the single-child system.
One of my younger colleagues, a business journalist, last month married her childhood sweetheart, a heart surgeon, and, she told me, it all started back at school. So, the restaurants and bars promote real-life interactions, so important when addiction to online social media is seen making youth unsociable.
7．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Restaurants and Cafes in the Digital Times
B．How Millennials Are Changing Restaurants
C．Eat, Study, Bond at Wi-Fi-Enabled ”Temples“
D．Best Cafes with Free Wi-Fi for Work or Study
19.【湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
In the late 1990s, a family visited the public elementary school where I taught deaf students. They said they would be moving to the district and planned to enroll (报名) their deaf daughter as a first grader. They were upset that their child’s kindergarten teacher Jane cautioned them not to have high hopes for her academically. Based upon assessment results, the teacher painted a discouraging picture for their little girl’s future. Standing behind them was Fiona, a beautiful five-year -old with long shiny brown hair and dark flashing eyes. The whole time her parents were there she didn’t make a sound or use sign language, even when her parents encouraged her.
After a few weeks with Fiona, I discovered I was dealing with a very bright, very strong-willed child. Although I was able to engage her in a variety of learning activities, writing was a continual struggle. I tried all kinds of ways to interest her in writing. Every time the pencils came out, she would shut down and refuse to participate.
One day Fiona got off her bus and stood in front of the school, weeping. The staff members present did not know enough sign language to ask her why she was crying. Finally they took her into the office where they handed her a pen and notepad. Fiona wrote: “PACBAK”. Immediately the office staff realized she left her backpack on the bus. They asked the bus to come back to school and soon Fiona was reunited with her backpack.
That day Fiona discovered the power of the pen. From then on, she had a new appreciation for writing. She is a young woman now and has become an excellent writer, public speaker and student leader. During her senior year in high school, Fiona became the Douglas County Rodeo Queen and the following year she enrolled at the University of Northern Colorado, determined to become a teacher. In the summer of 2008, I traveled to the National Association of the Deaf Conference in New Orleans and watched her perform competitively as Miss Deaf Colorado. Fiona keeps in touch and I especially treasure her e-mails with term papers attached. This young lady has a very powerful pen!
7．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Power of the Pen B．Ambition of a Deaf Girl
C．Appreciation of the Pen D．Spelling of a Backpack
20.【湘豫名校联考2023-2024学年高三试题】
When Philip Santini noticed an infection, he contacted his primary care physician, Jane Chargot, M. D．, and she gave him some medicine.
However, test results showed that he wasn’t recovering. Over the phone, Santini was told he would need to go to the hospital to get infusions (输液) three times a day for a week. He was packed and ready to head out to the hospital when he received another phone call. An alternative plan was suggested instead — Hospital Care at Home.
Care at Home, a Michigan Medicine program which improves the patient experience while freeing up hospital beds, has already admitted and transferred more than 50 patients from the emergency department and inpatient hospital to receive hospital level care from the comfort of their own homes.
Santini was the first direct registration patient for this program, meaning he never presented to the hospital initially. It was no surprise that there was a celebration for this milestone.
“I was ready to head out to the emergency department,” said Santini, who even had a list of things to take when he got a call from Stephanie Paran, R. N. , a nurse at U-M Briarwood Family Medicine. “Hearing Paran’s words, I sprang to my feet and didn’t hesitate to accept the advice.”
Although he initially didn’t know what to expect, he later said what the care team did was far beyond his expectations, especially the caregivers. The staff gave him infusions three times a day for six days. They took his regular medications away, just like how they would in a hospital. They checked the infection, drew blood and even brought in an ultrasound machine. “I didn’t know that was possible,” Santini said. After discharge, a Michigan Visiting Nurse visited once a week until he completely recovered.
Santini believed treatment at home has helped the healing process. “I’ve never felt really comfortable in the hospital,” he said. “It’s hard to get good sleep there. At home I had my own food, my own bed, plus my wife is here. No one has to go out of their way to visit me. It’s a healthier experience. I would encourage anyone to consider it.”
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．A Cure for Common Infection B．A Tendency in Family Health
C．The Popularity of Medical Care D．Hospital Level Care at Home
