易错点纠错练11 七选五易错练
名校七选五：段中题 易错题通关练
1.【福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024学年高三12月试题】
A March 2023 report from Goldman Sachs estimated that AI could do a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. 16 It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systemic.
Thankfully, it’s not all bad news. There are still things AI isn’t capable of. There are generally three categories that are probably going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future. 18 That means you’re not doing formulaic work, but generating new ideas. For example, in science, medicine and law, where your job is coming up with a new legal strategy or business strategy, there’s going to continue to be a place for human beings.
......
It’s important to note that an advanced education is not a defence against AI takeover. In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than then even the least educated workers. 20 It’s really hard to automate that job.
In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is good way to avoid job loss to AI.
A．And that could be terrible.
B．Thankfully, it’s not all bad news.
C．The robots really are coming for some jobs.
D．The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative.
E．Think of the person that works cleaning hotel rooms.
F．That doesn’t necessarily mean all jobs that are considered ”creative” are safe.
G．It’ll be a long time before AI has the ability to really build relationships and interact.
【答案】16．A 18．D 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些人工智能无法做到的工作。
16．上文“A March 2023 report from Goldman Sachs estimated that Al could do a quarter of all the work currently done by humans.(高盛集团2023年3月的一份报告估计，人工智能可以完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一)”以及下文“It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systemic.(这不仅会发生在个人身上，而且可能是相当系统性的)”说明人工智能能够完成大约四分之一人类目前所做的工作，并且这可能是系统性的，A项中that指代上文提及的情况，A项“这可能太可怕了。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
18．上文“There are generally three categories that are probably going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future.(在可预见的未来，通常有三类可能相对安全)”说明在未来，通常有三类工作可能相对安全，D项“首先是真正有创造力的工作。”介绍一类工作，承接上文，并引出之后两段的另外两种工作，符合题意。故选D。
20．上文“In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than then even the least educated workers.(在许多情况下，受教育程度更高的工人将比受教育程度最低的工人受到更大的威胁)”，E项“想想那个打扫酒店房间的人吧。”举例说明具体的不需要高学历的工作，下文“It’s really hard to automate that job.(要使那项工作自动化真的很难)”中It指代空处提及的工作，说明使酒店打扫工作自动化很难，即受到人工智能的威胁小，E项承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
2.【广东深圳明德实验学校2021届高三上学期阶段性试卷】
In addition, social media has taken social comparison to a whole new level in the last few years. We see who is doing what were not, and we may become stressed wondering if we’re doing enough, earning enough, or enjoying life enough. 18 not knowing whether they’re just posting their highlights or they’re really sharing casual events as they happen.
If you feel somewhat hooked on (沉迷于) feelings of superiority from downward social comparison or beating yourself up when you make upward social comparison, it’s important to get out of this mental trap. To train your brain to care less about what others are doing or thinking, find role models and learn from them without adding the element of competitiveness to your own life. You can also create a supportive circle: 19 . Or you can start an exercise group or join a training group.
A．This can lift their mood
B．Focus on your own failures
C．Try to be a modest person
D．This can be a group of friends sharing a common goal
E．Remind yourself of what you have achieved and are good at
F．And sometimes they’re bad for our happiness and stress levels
G．We compare our regular lives with other people’s best memories
【答案】 18．G 19．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了向上和向下的两类社会比较及其不良影响和解决方案。
18．上文“In addition, social media has taken social comparison to a whole new level in the last few years. We see who is doing what we’re not, and we may become stressed wondering if we’re doing enough, earning enough, or enjoying life enough.( 此外，社交媒体在过去几年里把社会比较提升到了一个全新的水平。我们看到谁在做我们没有做的事情，我们可能会感到压力，想知道我们是否做得足够多，挣得足够多，享受生活足够多。)”说明社交媒体使人们更容易产生比较，往上比，自己会产生压力，选项G“我们把自己的日常生活与别人最美好的回忆作比较”承接上文，说明我们产生压力的原因是因为我们把日常生活和别人媒体上发布的最美好的回忆作比较，和上文（第二句）有因果关系，下文“not knowing whether they’re just posting their highlights or they’re really sharing casual events as they happen.(不知道他们是在发布自己的亮点，还是在分享偶然发生的事情。)”则解释了别人媒体上最美好回忆的真实性。上下文意义连贯，逻辑合理。故选G项。
19．上文“You can also create a supportive circle:(你也可以创建一个支持圈：)”给出一个创建支持圈的建议，选项D“这可以是一组有共同目标的朋友”承接上文，是对支持圈的解释说明。下文“Or you can start an exercise group or join a training group.(或者你可以建立一个锻炼小组或者加入一个训练小组。)”则是另一则建议。选项中a group of friends sharing a common goal和上文a supportive circle语义相关。故选D项。
20．下文条件状语从句“if you’re feeling envious of someone else’s success.(如果你对别人的成功感到嫉妒)”提出如果对别人的成功嫉妒怎么办的问题，选项E“提醒你自己想一想你所取得的成就和所擅长的”给出问题的解决方案——提醒自己想一想自己的优势，下文“It also helps to maintain an ongoing gratitude journal so you stay in the frame of mind of counting your blessings rather than what you lack. (保持一份持续的感恩日记也会有帮助，这样你就会一直想着你所拥有的幸福，而不是你所缺少的。)”则是另一个解决方案。选项中what you have achieved and are good at和下文中else’s success相对照，上下文语义连贯，合乎逻辑。故选E项。
3.【广东省2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考模拟预测】
Have you ever set a goal for yourself, like getting fit, making honor roll, or being picked for a team Like lots of people, maybe you started out doing great, but then lost some of that drive and had trouble getting motivated again. 16 It all comes down to good planning, realistic expectations, and a stick-to-it attitude. Here’s what you need to do:
First, know your goal. Start by writing down your major goal. For example, “I want to’ make honor roll,” or “I want to get fit enough to make the cross-country team,” or even, “I want to play in the Olympics” are all major goals because they’re the final thing the goal ‘setter wants to see happen. 17 That’s how people get things done. You just have to remember that the bigger the goal, the more work it takes to get there.
Make it specific. It’s easier to plan for and master a specific goal than an unclear one. 18 That’s pretty unclear. Make it specific by defining what you want to achieve, why you want to get fit, and by when. This helps you make a plan to reach your goal.
A．Make it realistic.
B．It’s OK to dream big.
C．What if you keep slipping up
D．Let’s say your goal is to get fit.
E．So how do you stay motivated and on track with your goal
F．One way to make this easier is to break a big goal into small steps.
G．Finding the motivation to do it isn’t necessarily easy, but it is always possible.
【答案】16．E 17．B 18．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文提出了四条如何坚持实现目标的建议。
16．根据上文“Have you ever set a goal for yourself, like getting fit, making honor roll, or being picked for a team Like lots of people, maybe you started out doing great, but then lost some of that drive and had trouble getting motivated again.（你曾经为自己设定过目标吗，比如健身，上光荣榜，或者入选球队？像很多人一样，也许你一开始做得很好，但后来失去了一些动力，很难再次获得动力）”以及下文“It all comes down to good planning, realistic expectations, and a stick-to-it attitude.（这一切都归结于良好的计划、现实的期望和坚持下去的态度。）”可知，上文提到失去实现目标的动力的现象，可知，本句在说明与前文现象相关的问题，故E选项“那么，你是如何保持动力并朝着目标前进的呢”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据下文 “That's how people get things done. You just have to remember that the bigger the goal, the more work it takes to get there.（这就是人们做事的方式。你只需要记住，目标越大，需要付出的努力就越多。）”可知，本句与目标远大有关，B选项中dream big 对应后文That，指的就是有远大梦想这件事，故B 选项“有远大的梦想是可以的”符合语境，故选B。
18．根据上文“Make it specific. It’s easier to plan for and master a specific goal than an unclear one.（使目标具体一点。制定和掌握一个明确的目标比制定一个不明确的目标更容易。）”以及下文 That's pretty unclear. Make it specific by defining what you want to achieve, why you want to get fit, and by when.（这很不清楚。明确你想要达到的目标，为什么要健身，以及什么时候要健身。）可知，上文提到制定明确的目标，后文提到具体的步骤。故本句举一个如何让目标明确的例子，D 选项“假设你的目标是健身。”符合语境。故选D。
4.【广东省2023-2024学年高三上学期12月】试题】
How to Be More Present
Many people have a tendency to live in the past or the future. They constantly think about the past and worry about the future, and thus find it difficult to enjoy the good things in life in the here and now. You might unfortunately be one of these people. 16 Here are some tips that might help you.
Notice Your Surroundings
One way to be in the present moment is by noticing your surroundings. How often do you take time out of your day to actually look around and see what’s going on Now close your eyes and take a deep breath. 17 When you do, it’s easier to be more present in the moment.
Be Grateful for What You Have Now
A．Then open them and really take in where you are.
B．You should focus your attention on one thing at a time.
C．You cannot control everything that happens around you.
D．This is one way to distance yourself from what you are enjoying.
E．In turn, this will allow you to focus on what is going on right now.
F．Part of living in the present moment is to appreciate what you have now.
G．So learning how to live in the moment can greatly improve your well-being.
【答案】16．G 17．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明活在当下的意义和可行的方法。
16．根据上文“Many people have a tendency to live in the past or the future. They constantly think about the past and worry about the future, and thus find it difficult to enjoy the good things in life in the here and now. You might unfortunately be one of these people. (许多人都倾向于活在过去或未来。他们总是想着过去，担心未来，因此很难在此时此刻享受生活中的美好事物。很不幸，你可能就是这些人中的一员。)”可知，本段开头说明没有活在当下给人们带来的危害，然后提到读者也可能是其中一员，说明这种现象的危害。G项“学会活在当下可以极大地提升你的生活幸福感。”可以承接上文。故选G。
17．本段小标题为“Notice Your Surroundings (关注你的周围)”，因此A项与上文衔接自然，表示“现在闭上眼睛，深吸一口气，然后睁开眼睛，认真观察你所处的环境”。A项中的“where you are”与小标题中的“Your Surroundings”相呼应。故选A。
5.【广东省东莞中学等六校联考2023-2024学年高三试题】
When you hear your friend passed an exam that you had failed earlier, will you share her happiness If you can feel the joy, congratulations! 16 Studies found that Freudenfreude contributes to kind acts, such as helping others. Celebrating the personal victories of other people can bring on more of our own.
Because emotions are contagious (有感染力的), showing appreciation can also increase Freudenfroude. You can think of Freudenfreude as something you can spread when you’re experiencing personal joy. 20 Start by sharing your win, then tell the other person how you appreciate their help. Practicing gratitude is like sharing dessert: Both parties enjoy the sweetness of the moment, which enhances Freudenfreude for them both.
A．It is a term that describes the joy we feel when someone else succeeds.
B．You might ask: “what’s the best thing that happened to you this week ”
C．To do this, try giving others credit for their support that leads to your own.
D．While the benefits of Freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily.
E．To better understand Freudenfreude, it is important to realize that it is a win-win.
F．Still, generating Freudenfreude is worthwhile and there are ways to encourage the feeling.
G．Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call Freudenfreude.
【答案】16．G 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主介绍了乐他人之幸的意义和方法。
16．空后“Studies found that Freudenfreude contributes to kind acts, such as helping others.(研究发现，乐他人之幸有助于善良的行为，比如帮助别人)”说明了乐他人之幸的好处，空格处应该引出“乐他人之幸”这个概念，G选项“Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call Freudenfreude.(从别人的好运中寻找快乐就是社会科学家所说的“乐他人之幸”)”引出了“乐他人之幸”这个概念，符合语境，故选G。
20．空前“You can think of Freudenfreude as something you can spread when you’re experiencing personal joy.(你可以把乐他人之幸想象成当你经历个人快乐时可以传播的东西)”说明你可以把乐他人之幸想象成当你经历个人快乐时可以传播的东西，空后“Start by sharing your win, then tell the other person how you appreciate their help.(从分享你的胜利开始，然后告诉别人你是多么感激他们的帮助)”是具体的做法，因此空格处应该说该怎么做，C选项“To do this, try giving others credit for their support that leads to your own.(要做到这一点，试着把别人的支持归功于你自己)”说明的是笼统的做法，后文是具体的做法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
6.【河北省保定市保定部分高中2023-2024学年高三1月期末试题】
The Benefits of After-school Activities
Your kid is asking for piano lessons, joining a soccer team or taking ballet classes, but you’re not so sure that your money will be well spent. 16 , read these next benefits of participating in hobbies outside the home. It might just convince you to book the first class.
Build confidence through creative hobbies
From arts and poem writing to music and crafts, there are lots of creative after-school activities available out there for kids of all ages. Not only do these classes stimulate your little one’s imagination, but they also encourage curiosity. 17 . Interacting with others, sharing, cooperating and solving conflicts are all added bonuses and they are all extremely helpful tools in building self-confidence.
A．Reduce stress with after-school activities
B．Boost children’s enthusiasm and participation in class
C．When your kids spend 80 percent of their hours at school
D．Besides, they make your child more confident in the process
E．If you can’t decide about sending your kids to after-school activities
F．Choosing activities that don’t put extra pressure on your kids is also essential
G．Most importantly, your children can develop their mental strength while doing sports
【答案】16．E 17．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了课外活动的各种好处。
16．根据空前“Your kid is asking for piano lessons, joining a soccer team or taking ballet classes, but you’re not so sure that your money will be well spent.(你的孩子要求上钢琴课，参加足球队或上芭蕾舞课，但你不确定你的钱是否花得值。)”可知，作者是在引出课外活动这一主题。而根据空后的逗号，以及主句“read these next benefits of participating in hobbies outside the home. (下面是参加课外活动的好处)”可知，空处为从句。选项E“If you can’t decide about sending your kids to after-school activities(如果你不能决定是否送你的孩子去参加课外活动)”形式上为状语从句，内容上与空后的“参加户外活动的好处”保持一致。故选E。
17．根据上文“From arts and poem writing to music and crafts, there are lots of creative after-school activities available out there for kids of all ages. Not only do these classes stimulate your little one’s imagination, but they also encourage curiosity.(从艺术和诗歌写作到音乐和手工艺，有很多创造性的课外活动可供所有年龄段的孩子们选择。这些课程不仅能激发孩子的想象力，还能激发他们的好奇心)”以及下文“Interacting with others, sharing, cooperating and solving conflicts are all added bonuses and they are all extremely helpful tools in building self-confidence.(与他人互动、分享、合作和解决冲突都是额外的奖励，它们都是建立自信的非常有用的工具)”可知，上下文讲述的都是创造性爱好给孩子带来的好处。选项D“Besides, they make your child more confident in the process(此外，他们会让你的孩子在这个过程中更自信)”讲述的是创造性爱好让孩子有自信心，内容上与下文保持一致，故选D。
7.【河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
All living things need energy to move and grow. Energy can come in many different forms. 16 While energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can be converted (转换) between different forms.
Where do plants get their energy They get their energy from the sun. Plants absorb sunlight with their leaves. 17 This chemical process is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis means, “making out of light.” The energy from the sun, light energy, is converted into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
Plants are called producers because they produce their own food. Producers form the base of every food chain in an ecosystem. Plants are eaten by animals, which are eaten by larger animals. For example, a plant takes in energy from the sun and turns it into plant food. 18 Then, a human eats the rabbit. The energy the human gets from the food was originally energy from the sun!
The food humans eat provides us with energy. When we chew and digest food, a chemical reaction takes place. 19 We require energy from food for basic functions, like moving and breathing. Energy from food also helps our body repair itself and stay warm.
A．The energy produced from this reaction fuels our bodies.
B．Eater, that plant might be eaten by a rabbit, giving the rabbit energy.
C．Notice how you feel when you eat whole foods like vegetables and fruits.
D．Through this process, energy from the sun is moved from one living thing to another.
E．They use the sun’s energy to change water and carbon dioxide into plant food and oxygen.
F．The amount of energy we get from food depends on which nutrients are in the food we eat.
G．For example, light energy, heat energy, and chemical energy are all different forms of energy.
【答案】16．G 17．E 18．B 19．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了能量的来源和作用，以及植物、动物和人类如何获取和利用能量。
16．上文“Energy can come in many different forms.(能源可以有许多不同的形式。)”提出能源有多种形式，G项“For example, light energy, heat energy, and chemical energy are all different forms of energy.(例如，光能、热能和化学能都是不同形式的能源。)”举例说明能源有哪些形式，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
17．下文“This chemical process is called photosynthesis.(这个化学过程被称为光合作用。)”提出光合作用的概念，根据句中“This chemical process”可知，上文会讲到光合作用。结合常识，E项“They use the sun’s energy to change water and carbon dioxide into plant food and oxygen.(它们利用太阳的能量将水和二氧化碳转化为植物的食物和氧气。)”正是光合作用的过程，且句中“the sun’s energy”照应上文中“Plants absorb sunlight”。故选E项。
18．根据下文“Then, a human eats the rabbit.(然后，一个人吃掉这只兔子。)”中“the rabbit”是特指，可推知设空句中会提到兔子，只有B项“Eater, that plant might be eaten by a rabbit, giving the rabbit energy.(这种植物可能会被兔子吃掉，给兔子提供能量。)”中提到下文中出现的兔子，指代关系成立。故选B项。
19．下文“We require energy from food for basic functions, like moving and breathing. Energy from food also helps our body repair itself and stay warm.(我们需要从食物中获取能量来维持基本的功能，比如运动和呼吸。食物中的能量也能帮助我们的身体自我修复并保持温暖。)”指出从食物中获取能量的作用，是对A项“The energy produced from this reaction fuels our bodies.(这种反应产生的能量为我们的身体提供能量。)”的解释说明，且句中“this reaction”照应上文中“a chemical reaction takes place”。故选A项。
8.【江苏省苏州第一中学2023-2024学年高三联合监测】
To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. 17 Also, some of the smaller yet critical social clues that exist right under your nose will be concentrated on again.
During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things. Things to look for include the look and feel of people’s work spaces, the timing of when different people move around the office, and which people seek interaction versus those who stay at their desks all day.
After your first observation tour, select a different day to tour your workspace for moods. Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. 19 Focus on what you see, hear, and pick up on in other people.
A．You’ll be amazed at what you see along the way.
B．Spare a little time to closely monitor each person’s progress.
C．Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.
D．During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things.
E．You generally love the breathtaking landscape and people’s performances.
F．Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.
G．To become socially aware, remember to enjoy the journey and notice people along the way.
【答案】 17．F 19．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个关于社交意识的建议，即在工作时间中抽出15分钟的时间，对自己所处的工作场所进行观察和考察，以便更好地了解周围人的情况、情绪和活动，并且享受旅程中的乐趣。文章同时也强调了观察过程中不要过于臆断或武断，而是保持客观的态度进行观察。
17．根据前文“To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. (为了在旅途中花点时间，花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境)”可知，此处强调在人生旅途中要花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境。后文应该指出这样做带来的好处。F选项“Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.(短暂的旅行将帮助你与他人和他们的情绪保持一致)”承接前文，指出花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境，将帮助你与他人和他们的情绪保持一致，符合语境。故选F。
19．根据前文“Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. (别人的情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索)”可知，此处强调观察别人情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索。C选项“Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.(当你顺道拜访时，注意一下别人的感受)”承接前文，构成因果关系即因为观察别人情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索，所以当你顺道拜访时，注意一下别人的感受。故选C。
8.【浙江金华第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
Most Americans love Chinese food. However, the Chinese food served in most American restaurants is very different from the authentic cuisine enjoyed daily by people living in China. 16 Then many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America. To make a living, some of them opened restaurants. Over these years, Chinese cuisine has been adapted to reflect Western influences.
Another big difference between authentic and westernized Chinese food is the ingredients used. 18 Some ingredients — like carrots, onions and tomatoes — are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking. In addition, while you can find some Western cuisines that use strange meats — like pig ears — most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume. Authentic Chinese food, in contrast, uses a wider variety of protein sources, including tofu, snake, chicken feet, duck blood and many more that Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat.
A．The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.
B．Westernized Chinese food features vegetables that are common in Western cuisines.
C．There are so many regions of China, and they all prepare their dishes a little bit differently.
D．So it may only be a matter of time before authentic Chinese food becomes popular in America.
E．Many of the most popular Chinese dishes in the West are not served in Chinese restaurants at all.
F．Deep frying food is quick, which is why you can usually get your Chinese food in just a few minutes.
G．One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods.
【答案】16．A 18．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。中国菜到了西方以后受到了西方的影响，文章介绍了西化的中国菜和传统中国菜的不同之处。
16．根据空后的Then many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America. To make a living, some of them opened restaurants. Over these years, Chinese cuisine has been adapted to reflect Western influences.（当时，许多中国移民在美国找不到工作。为了谋生，他们中的一些人开了餐馆。这些年来，中国菜已经适应了西方的影响）可知，A选项（西化的中国食物的历史始于19世纪中期）和下文内容相呼应，in the mid-1800s和下文的then相呼应，westernized Chinese food和Western influences相呼应，故选A。
18．根据下文的Some ingredients — like carrots, onions and tomatoes — are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking.（一些配料，如胡萝卜、洋葱和西红柿，在正宗的中国菜中并不常用）可知，B选项中的vegetables和like carrots, onions and tomatoes相呼应，且语义（西化的中国菜以西餐中常见的蔬菜为特色）承接上下文，故选B。
9.【浙江省四校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考试题】
Which brand of chocolate chip makes the best tasting cookies Is the tree outside your window causing your runny nose If you want to answer questions like these, you’ll probably need to do some testing. 36 . In order to figure out the real answers to such questions, you’ll need to test your ideas in a fair way. The considerations that go into making “everyday” tests fair are the same ones used in scientific experiments.
Comparing outcomes. To be confident in test results, it’s generally important to have something to compare them to. So, for example, in your cookie test, you’d want to actually compare batches(批次)of cookies made with different brands of chocolate chips. 37 —just to make sure that the chocolate chips are really making a difference in the cookies’ taste. In experiments,whatever you are comparing your test results to is sometimes called the control group. But don’t confuse the control group with …
Controlling variables. 38 . Is it really the chocolate chip brand, and not the baking temperature, that makes one cookie taste better than another Therefore, you’ll need to control variables—that is, try to keep everything about the test comparisons the same, except for the variables you’re interested in.
Distinguishing chance from real differences. All sorts of subtle things that you either don’t or cannot control can affect the outcome of a test. Some cookies in a batch might have wound up with a few less chocolate chips than others. The oven might have heated unevenly and burnt a few cookies. 40 —but in small ways. So how to avoid this Sample size is important. The larger your sample size, the more likely it is close to the fact.
A．But all tests are not created equal
B．Components of the testing should be adjusted
C．All of these random factors will affect the outcome of the test
D．You might also want to make a batch without any chocolate chips at all
E．You could also label your cookie batches with letters instead of brand names
F．Such factors should also be considered when data collected are being analyzed
G．In most tests, we want to be confident in the relationship between cause and effect
【答案】36．A 37．D 38．G 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何公正有效地进行科学实验和日常测试。
36．根据下文“In order to figure out the real answers to such questions, you’ll need to test your ideas in a fair way(为了找出这些问题的真正答案，你需要以公平的方式测试你的想法)”可推理出上文说的是并非所有的测试都是公平的，与A项“But all tests are not created equal(但并非所有测试都是平等的)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
37．根据下文“just to make sure that the chocolate chips are really making a difference in the cookies’ taste.(只是为了确保巧克力片真的能改变饼干的味道。)”可推理出上文说的是制作一批不含巧克力片的，与D项“You might also want to make a batch without any chocolate chips at all (你可能还想做一批根本不含巧克力片的)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
38．根据下文“Therefore, you’ll need to control variables(因此，您需要控制变量)”可知下文说的是与因果关系有关的变量控制，可推理出上文说的是对测试中的因果关系有信心，与G项“In most tests, we want to be confident in the relationship between cause and effect (在大多数测试中，我们希望对因果关系充满信心)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
40．根据上文“Some cookies in a batch might have wound up with a few less chocolate chips than others. The oven might have heated unevenly and burnt a few cookies.(一批饼干中的一些饼干可能比其他饼干少了几块巧克力片。烤箱可能受热不均，烧焦了一些饼干。)”可知此处上下文说的是影响测试结果的随机因素，与C项“All of these random factors will affect the outcome of the test (所有这些随机因素都会影响测试结果)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
10.【广东省华南师范大学附属中学南海实验高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
How much time does it take you to sleep, eat and commute every day 16 That case, time is limited for you to do other meaningful things. Managing your time effectively, therefore, becomes a matter of critical importance. Here are many things you can do.
Prioritize (优先考虑) what needs doing.
There is only a limited amount of time in a day, and even with good planning and organization, it is not always possible to complete everything that needs to be done. In such circumstances, you will have to decide which task should be completed first. You should classify the activities on the basis of their urgency and importance. 19 Then you can focus on your objective and stick to it.
A．Create favourable conditions.
B．This classification is your ultimate goal.
C．Balancing them is really a challenge for you.
D．This classification will help determine your priority.
E．Think about upcoming events and make a to-do list.
F．These basic activities take up an enormous part of your day.
G．You will end up reaping (收获) the rewards of time management.
【答案】16．F 19．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何管理时间而展开。
16．由上文“How much time does it take you to sleep, eat and commute every day (你每天花多少时间睡觉、吃饭和通勤？)”可知，设空处所填的句子应该是回答前句，连接后句给出事实的结果。而F项These basic activities take up an enormous part of your day.(这些基本活动占据了你一天中很大一部分时间。)符合语境，其中These basic activities和上文sleep, eat and commute 对应。 故选F项。
19．由上文“You should classify the activities on the basis of their urgency and importance. (你应该根据活动的紧迫性和重要性对其进行分类。)”以及后句“Then you can focus on your objective and stick to it.(然后你可以专注于你的目标并坚持下去。)”可知，设空处所填内容应为将活动进行分类的好处，所以D项This classification will help determine your priority.(此分类将有助于确定您的优先级。)符合语境。其中This classification 与上文classify对应。故选D项。
11.【湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试】
Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas You might not know what to do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions. 16
Identify a problem worth solving.
Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better What task could be done better or faster What annoys you and how could you fix it 17 Not every idea will be a great one, but don’t be afraid to think outside the box.
Draft your idea.
Draw out a basic illustration of what your invention will look like. 18 List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project. Don’t hesitate to make multiple drafts of the same design until you are satisfied with the result.
A．Or turn to your older peers if they can help you out as well.
B．If you enjoy creating things, you may consider becoming an inventor.
C．With some planning and practice, you can make these ideas into a working device.
D．Be creative with your ideas.
E．Gather the necessary materials.
F．Look around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use.
G．Make notes about how various pieces will go together.
【答案】16．C 17．D 18．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为有各种发明想法的小学生或中学生提供一些建议以帮助他们更好地进行发明。
16．根据空前“Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas You might not know what to do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions.(你是一个有各种发明想法的小学生或中学生吗？你可能不知道如何处理所有这些想法，或者如何将它们变成可行的发明。)”可知，上文讲述的是虽然有想法，但是小学生或中学生可能不知道如何处理所有这些想法，或者如何将它们变成可行的发明。选项C“With some planning and practice, you can make these ideas into a working device.(通过一些计划和练习，你可以把这些想法变成可行的方法。)”承上启下，既承接上文说明将想法变成发明有困难，同时引出下文具体的建议。故选C。
17．根据空前内容“Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better What task could be done better or faster What annoys you and how could you fix it (看看你周围的世界，问问自己：什么能做得更好？什么任务可以做得更好或更快？什么让你烦恼？你如何解决它？)”可知，上文建议要问问自己，以找出值得研究的方向。选项D“Be creative with your ideas(要有创意。)”延续上文内容，指的都是想法或研究方向要有创意。故选D。
18．根据空前“Draw out a basic illustration of what your invention will look like.(画出你的发明将会是什么样子的基本插图。)”以及空后内容“List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project.(列出你将用于完成项目的材料类型。)”可知，本段讲述的是画出发明的草图。选项G“Make notes about how various pieces will go together.(记下不同的部分如何搭配。)”符合上下文内容，指的都是画出发明的草图。故选G。
12.【湖南省百所学校2023-2024学年高三联考试题】
Every year, there are birthday parties to plan, and moms take them very seriously. 16 However, as fun as they can be, they are also exhausting, and moms would likely want a bit of help to plan the next party.
What some moms don’t realize is that they can get their kids involved in planning their own birthday parties. 17 They can teach the kids some important skills that they will carry with them for the rest of their life.
A．It’s because they will have certain tasks to do.
B．They want their kids to have the best birthday.
C．It is also a chance for them to use their creativity.
D．Moms may know that their kids should plan their own parties.
E．Moms can go through all the to-do items and listen to their ideas.
F．There are many lessons to learn when it comes to planning a party.
G．Moms are always working behind to make sure their kids grow up happily.
【答案】16．G 17．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了为孩子的生日派对进行计划是一个重要且耗费精力的任务，但是妈妈们可以让孩子参与其中，教会他们责任感、善良和组织能力。同时也提到了一些妈妈们可能会遇到的困难，以及如何解决这些困难。
16．根据前文“Every year, there are birthday parties to plan, and moms take them very seriously. (每年，妈妈们都要计划生日派对，而且妈妈们非常认真地对待它们。)”以及后文“However, as fun as they can be, they are also exhausting, and moms would likely want a bit of help to plan the next party.(然而，尽管它们很有趣，但也很累人，妈妈们可能需要一些帮助来计划下一次聚会。)”可知，每年妈妈们都非常认真地对待生日派对，后文应该承接原因。G选项“Moms are always working behind to make sure their kids grow up happily.(妈妈们总是在幕后工作，以确保他们的孩子快乐地成长。)”指出，为了让孩子们快乐的成长，妈妈们承担幕后工作，认真对待孩子们的生日派对。同时G选项中的happily与后文的fun形成呼应，并构成转折关系即妈妈们是要让孩子们快乐的成长，可是派对却也很累人。G选项符合语境。故选G。
17．根据前文“What some moms don’t realize is that they can get their kids involved in planning their own birthday parties.(一些妈妈没有意识到的是，她们可以让孩子参与到自己的生日派对计划中来。)”以及后文“They can teach the kids some important skills that they will carry with them for the rest of their life.(她们可以教给孩子们一些重要的技能，这些技能将伴随孩子们的余生。)”可知，此处指出妈妈们可以让孩子们参与到筹备生日派对的过程中，因为在这个过程中有很多技能是能够教授给孩子们的，而且这些技能将会伴随孩子们余生。因此设空处应该提出准备派对有很多内容是可以教授的。F选项“There are many lessons to learn when it comes to planning a party.(在策划一个聚会时，有很多东西需要学习。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。易错点纠错练11 七选五易错练
名校七选五：段中题 易错题通关练
1.【福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024学年高三12月试题】
A March 2023 report from Goldman Sachs estimated that AI could do a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. 16 It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systemic.
Thankfully, it’s not all bad news. There are still things AI isn’t capable of. There are generally three categories that are probably going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future. 18 That means you’re not doing formulaic work, but generating new ideas. For example, in science, medicine and law, where your job is coming up with a new legal strategy or business strategy, there’s going to continue to be a place for human beings.
......
It’s important to note that an advanced education is not a defence against AI takeover. In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than then even the least educated workers. 20 It’s really hard to automate that job.
In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is good way to avoid job loss to AI.
A．And that could be terrible.
B．Thankfully, it’s not all bad news.
C．The robots really are coming for some jobs.
D．The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative.
E．Think of the person that works cleaning hotel rooms.
F．That doesn’t necessarily mean all jobs that are considered ”creative” are safe.
G．It’ll be a long time before AI has the ability to really build relationships and interact.
2.【广东深圳明德实验学校2021届高三上学期阶段性试卷】
In addition, social media has taken social comparison to a whole new level in the last few years. We see who is doing what were not, and we may become stressed wondering if we’re doing enough, earning enough, or enjoying life enough. 18 not knowing whether they’re just posting their highlights or they’re really sharing casual events as they happen.
If you feel somewhat hooked on (沉迷于) feelings of superiority from downward social comparison or beating yourself up when you make upward social comparison, it’s important to get out of this mental trap. To train your brain to care less about what others are doing or thinking, find role models and learn from them without adding the element of competitiveness to your own life. You can also create a supportive circle: 19 . Or you can start an exercise group or join a training group.
A．This can lift their mood
B．Focus on your own failures
C．Try to be a modest person
D．This can be a group of friends sharing a common goal
E．Remind yourself of what you have achieved and are good at
F．And sometimes they’re bad for our happiness and stress levels
G．We compare our regular lives with other people’s best memories
3.【广东省2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考模拟预测】
Have you ever set a goal for yourself, like getting fit, making honor roll, or being picked for a team Like lots of people, maybe you started out doing great, but then lost some of that drive and had trouble getting motivated again. 16 It all comes down to good planning, realistic expectations, and a stick-to-it attitude. Here’s what you need to do:
First, know your goal. Start by writing down your major goal. For example, “I want to’ make honor roll,” or “I want to get fit enough to make the cross-country team,” or even, “I want to play in the Olympics” are all major goals because they’re the final thing the goal ‘setter wants to see happen. 17 That’s how people get things done. You just have to remember that the bigger the goal, the more work it takes to get there.
Make it specific. It’s easier to plan for and master a specific goal than an unclear one. 18 That’s pretty unclear. Make it specific by defining what you want to achieve, why you want to get fit, and by when. This helps you make a plan to reach your goal.
A．Make it realistic.
B．It’s OK to dream big.
C．What if you keep slipping up
D．Let’s say your goal is to get fit.
E．So how do you stay motivated and on track with your goal
F．One way to make this easier is to break a big goal into small steps.
G．Finding the motivation to do it isn’t necessarily easy, but it is always possible.
4.【广东省2023-2024学年高三上学期12月】试题】
How to Be More Present
Many people have a tendency to live in the past or the future. They constantly think about the past and worry about the future, and thus find it difficult to enjoy the good things in life in the here and now. You might unfortunately be one of these people. 16 Here are some tips that might help you.
Notice Your Surroundings
One way to be in the present moment is by noticing your surroundings. How often do you take time out of your day to actually look around and see what’s going on Now close your eyes and take a deep breath. 17 When you do, it’s easier to be more present in the moment.
Be Grateful for What You Have Now
A．Then open them and really take in where you are.
B．You should focus your attention on one thing at a time.
C．You cannot control everything that happens around you.
D．This is one way to distance yourself from what you are enjoying.
E．In turn, this will allow you to focus on what is going on right now.
F．Part of living in the present moment is to appreciate what you have now.
G．So learning how to live in the moment can greatly improve your well-being.
5.【广东省东莞中学等六校联考2023-2024学年高三试题】
When you hear your friend passed an exam that you had failed earlier, will you share her happiness If you can feel the joy, congratulations! 16 Studies found that Freudenfreude contributes to kind acts, such as helping others. Celebrating the personal victories of other people can bring on more of our own.
Because emotions are contagious (有感染力的), showing appreciation can also increase Freudenfroude. You can think of Freudenfreude as something you can spread when you’re experiencing personal joy. 20 Start by sharing your win, then tell the other person how you appreciate their help. Practicing gratitude is like sharing dessert: Both parties enjoy the sweetness of the moment, which enhances Freudenfreude for them both.
A．It is a term that describes the joy we feel when someone else succeeds.
B．You might ask: “what’s the best thing that happened to you this week ”
C．To do this, try giving others credit for their support that leads to your own.
D．While the benefits of Freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily.
E．To better understand Freudenfreude, it is important to realize that it is a win-win.
F．Still, generating Freudenfreude is worthwhile and there are ways to encourage the feeling.
G．Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call Freudenfreude.
6.【河北省保定市保定部分高中2023-2024学年高三1月期末试题】
The Benefits of After-school Activities
Your kid is asking for piano lessons, joining a soccer team or taking ballet classes, but you’re not so sure that your money will be well spent. 16 , read these next benefits of participating in hobbies outside the home. It might just convince you to book the first class.
Build confidence through creative hobbies
From arts and poem writing to music and crafts, there are lots of creative after-school activities available out there for kids of all ages. Not only do these classes stimulate your little one’s imagination, but they also encourage curiosity. 17 . Interacting with others, sharing, cooperating and solving conflicts are all added bonuses and they are all extremely helpful tools in building self-confidence.
A．Reduce stress with after-school activities
B．Boost children’s enthusiasm and participation in class
C．When your kids spend 80 percent of their hours at school
D．Besides, they make your child more confident in the process
E．If you can’t decide about sending your kids to after-school activities
F．Choosing activities that don’t put extra pressure on your kids is also essential
G．Most importantly, your children can develop their mental strength while doing sports
7.【河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
All living things need energy to move and grow. Energy can come in many different forms. 16 While energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can be converted (转换) between different forms.
Where do plants get their energy They get their energy from the sun. Plants absorb sunlight with their leaves. 17 This chemical process is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis means, “making out of light.” The energy from the sun, light energy, is converted into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
Plants are called producers because they produce their own food. Producers form the base of every food chain in an ecosystem. Plants are eaten by animals, which are eaten by larger animals. For example, a plant takes in energy from the sun and turns it into plant food. 18 Then, a human eats the rabbit. The energy the human gets from the food was originally energy from the sun!
The food humans eat provides us with energy. When we chew and digest food, a chemical reaction takes place. 19 We require energy from food for basic functions, like moving and breathing. Energy from food also helps our body repair itself and stay warm.
A．The energy produced from this reaction fuels our bodies.
B．Eater, that plant might be eaten by a rabbit, giving the rabbit energy.
C．Notice how you feel when you eat whole foods like vegetables and fruits.
D．Through this process, energy from the sun is moved from one living thing to another.
E．They use the sun’s energy to change water and carbon dioxide into plant food and oxygen.
F．The amount of energy we get from food depends on which nutrients are in the food we eat.
G．For example, light energy, heat energy, and chemical energy are all different forms of energy.
8.【江苏省苏州第一中学2023-2024学年高三联合监测】
To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. 17 Also, some of the smaller yet critical social clues that exist right under your nose will be concentrated on again.
During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things. Things to look for include the look and feel of people’s work spaces, the timing of when different people move around the office, and which people seek interaction versus those who stay at their desks all day.
After your first observation tour, select a different day to tour your workspace for moods. Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. 19 Focus on what you see, hear, and pick up on in other people.
A．You’ll be amazed at what you see along the way.
B．Spare a little time to closely monitor each person’s progress.
C．Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.
D．During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things.
E．You generally love the breathtaking landscape and people’s performances.
F．Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.
G．To become socially aware, remember to enjoy the journey and notice people along the way.
8.【浙江金华第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
Most Americans love Chinese food. However, the Chinese food served in most American restaurants is very different from the authentic cuisine enjoyed daily by people living in China. 16 Then many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America. To make a living, some of them opened restaurants. Over these years, Chinese cuisine has been adapted to reflect Western influences.
Another big difference between authentic and westernized Chinese food is the ingredients used. 18 Some ingredients — like carrots, onions and tomatoes — are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking. In addition, while you can find some Western cuisines that use strange meats — like pig ears — most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume. Authentic Chinese food, in contrast, uses a wider variety of protein sources, including tofu, snake, chicken feet, duck blood and many more that Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat.
A．The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.
B．Westernized Chinese food features vegetables that are common in Western cuisines.
C．There are so many regions of China, and they all prepare their dishes a little bit differently.
D．So it may only be a matter of time before authentic Chinese food becomes popular in America.
E．Many of the most popular Chinese dishes in the West are not served in Chinese restaurants at all.
F．Deep frying food is quick, which is why you can usually get your Chinese food in just a few minutes.
G．One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods.
9.【浙江省四校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考试题】
Which brand of chocolate chip makes the best tasting cookies Is the tree outside your window causing your runny nose If you want to answer questions like these, you’ll probably need to do some testing. 36 . In order to figure out the real answers to such questions, you’ll need to test your ideas in a fair way. The considerations that go into making “everyday” tests fair are the same ones used in scientific experiments.
Comparing outcomes. To be confident in test results, it’s generally important to have something to compare them to. So, for example, in your cookie test, you’d want to actually compare batches(批次)of cookies made with different brands of chocolate chips. 37 —just to make sure that the chocolate chips are really making a difference in the cookies’ taste. In experiments,whatever you are comparing your test results to is sometimes called the control group. But don’t confuse the control group with …
Controlling variables. 38 . Is it really the chocolate chip brand, and not the baking temperature, that makes one cookie taste better than another Therefore, you’ll need to control variables—that is, try to keep everything about the test comparisons the same, except for the variables you’re interested in.
Distinguishing chance from real differences. All sorts of subtle things that you either don’t or cannot control can affect the outcome of a test. Some cookies in a batch might have wound up with a few less chocolate chips than others. The oven might have heated unevenly and burnt a few cookies. 40 —but in small ways. So how to avoid this Sample size is important. The larger your sample size, the more likely it is close to the fact.
A．But all tests are not created equal
B．Components of the testing should be adjusted
C．All of these random factors will affect the outcome of the test
D．You might also want to make a batch without any chocolate chips at all
E．You could also label your cookie batches with letters instead of brand names
F．Such factors should also be considered when data collected are being analyzed
G．In most tests, we want to be confident in the relationship between cause and effect
10.【广东省华南师范大学附属中学南海实验高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题】
How much time does it take you to sleep, eat and commute every day 16 That case, time is limited for you to do other meaningful things. Managing your time effectively, therefore, becomes a matter of critical importance. Here are many things you can do.
Prioritize (优先考虑) what needs doing.
There is only a limited amount of time in a day, and even with good planning and organization, it is not always possible to complete everything that needs to be done. In such circumstances, you will have to decide which task should be completed first. You should classify the activities on the basis of their urgency and importance. 19 Then you can focus on your objective and stick to it.
A．Create favourable conditions.
B．This classification is your ultimate goal.
C．Balancing them is really a challenge for you.
D．This classification will help determine your priority.
E．Think about upcoming events and make a to-do list.
F．These basic activities take up an enormous part of your day.
G．You will end up reaping (收获) the rewards of time management.
11.【湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试】
Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas You might not know what to do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions. 16
Identify a problem worth solving.
Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better What task could be done better or faster What annoys you and how could you fix it 17 Not every idea will be a great one, but don’t be afraid to think outside the box.
Draft your idea.
Draw out a basic illustration of what your invention will look like. 18 List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project. Don’t hesitate to make multiple drafts of the same design until you are satisfied with the result.
A．Or turn to your older peers if they can help you out as well.
B．If you enjoy creating things, you may consider becoming an inventor.
C．With some planning and practice, you can make these ideas into a working device.
D．Be creative with your ideas.
E．Gather the necessary materials.
F．Look around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use.
G．Make notes about how various pieces will go together.
12.【湖南省百所学校2023-2024学年高三联考试题】
Every year, there are birthday parties to plan, and moms take them very seriously. 16 However, as fun as they can be, they are also exhausting, and moms would likely want a bit of help to plan the next party.
What some moms don’t realize is that they can get their kids involved in planning their own birthday parties. 17 They can teach the kids some important skills that they will carry with them for the rest of their life.
A．It’s because they will have certain tasks to do.
B．They want their kids to have the best birthday.
C．It is also a chance for them to use their creativity.
D．Moms may know that their kids should plan their own parties.
E．Moms can go through all the to-do items and listen to their ideas.
F．There are many lessons to learn when it comes to planning a party.
G．Moms are always working behind to make sure their kids grow up happily.
