人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Science Fiction Reading and Thinking 课时作业（含答案）

英语作业 B4U1.第一课时
一.单词拼写
1.It's 　　　(荒谬的) to believe that the earth goes round the moon.
2.The manager told me he would inform me ahead of time in case he had to cancel our 　　　________(约会).
3.The White House on Sunday 　　　(宣布) a state of emergency in response to the shutdown of one of the largest pipelines in the United States.
4.He was so irresponsible that I decided to 　　　(解雇)him.
5.Every month Mr. Blank sets aside 100 dollars out of his 　　　(薪水) for his old age.
6.From animals we get such materials as wool, silk, ________ (皮革) and furs.
7.Instead of making progress, my work actually seems to be going ________ (向后).
8.The mountains and villages became a ________ (朦胧的) fairyland after rain hit this village in Zhangjiajie city.
9.There was no tap water, no electricity. We had to ________ (去取) water from more than a kilometer away.
10.Mother puts perfume on her ________ (手绢) to make it smell pleasant.
二．单句语法填空
We received several answers, and we picked one at r______.
It was a lonely island and the ground was still very _____ (mud) when we arrived.
The frightening _____ (explode) had left a hole more than forty miles across.
Such a hardcore _____ (declare) of his attitude won widespread applause among internet users.
That's a hard truth—but it's no excuse for ________ (inactive).
There is not a sharp ________ (divide) between these two activities.
Through that hot summer Martin and Leora ________ (labour), painting.
We ________ (stun) by the sudden news that he had won the championship.
This may have been an improvement, but "breakthrough" was an_______（overstate）.
This condition requires _______(urge)treatment.
三. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
conflict with，beside the point，have an urge to，take over， be adapted into，remind...of，on the other hand，pros and cons，superior to，turn out
1. Was it in 1948 that the Government 　　　　　　 the railways in Great Britain
2. They sat for hours debating the 　　　　　　 of setting up their own firm.
3. It cannot be questioned that the new method is 　　　　　　 the old one.
4. The fiction 　　　　　　 a TV series and became a national hot topic for quite some time.
5. My niece’s opinions 　　　　　　 mine on which major to choose.
6. Write an outline before you start writing the article，or you would easily write something that is 　　　　　　.
7. She simply welcomed him and 　　　　　　 him 　　　　　　 the last appointment they had made.
8. On the one hand，we should develop our economy； 　　　　　　，we should protect the environment.
9. The games my parents taught me when I was a child 　　　　　　 to be very useful later in my life.
10. The vacation is coming and my niece 　　　　　　 travel around the country.
四，课文语法填空
Larry worked for a company___________ made robots. Recently it had begun experimenting ________ a household robot. It was going to _____________( test) out by Larry’s wife, Claire. Claire didn’t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be away _______ a business trip for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her___________ the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her _____________(harm). It would be a bonus. However, she felt _______________(alarm) when first ___________(see) the robot named Tony. He seemed more like a human ___________ a machine. He was tall and handsome ________________ smooth hair and a deep voice, although his _______________(face) expression never changed.________ the second morning, Tony brought her breakfast. To her______________(embarrass), he asked her whether she needed help dressing. It was _______________(disturb) to be looked after by a robot that looked so human.One day, when _____________(tell) that Claire didn’t think she was clever, Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that. Claire thought it ridiculous to ______________(offer) sympathy by a robot, but she gradually showed her _______________(admire) for his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. He always treated her ______________ dignity. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant enough for Larry, ___________ wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary. She wasn’t like Gladys, one of ________________(rich) and most powerful women around.As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read, or rather, scan. She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page. How absurd, she thought. He was just a machine.Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle and improved her makeup. As he was not allowed _______________ (accompany) to the shops, he wrote out a list of things ___________ he would need for his work on the house. Claire went downtown and bought these things. She had an _______________(appoint) to paint her nails. Then she went into __________ expensive clothes shop, only ________________ (treat) rudely by the saleswoman. So she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. He spoke to the woman, __________ immediately changed her attitude. Claire thanked Tony, ________ (tell) him that he was a “dear”. As she turned around, there ___________(stand) Gladys. How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. By the look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought they were __________ a relationship. After all, she knew Claire’s husband’s name was Larry, rather than Tony. Although it was _____________(complete) innocent, Claire felt guilty.When Claire got home, she wept. Gladys was everything ______________Claire wished to be. Tony told her she was being sensitive and was just as good as Gladys. He suggested that she _____________ (invite) Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. By that time, Tony expected that the house,____________ was being thoroughly transformed, would be ready.Tony worked ________________(steady) on the improvements. Claire was working on a light _____________ (suspend) from the ceiling__________ she fell off the ladder. _________ Tony had been in the next room, he managed to catch her ________ time. As he held her, she felt the _______ (warm) of his body. She screamed, pushed him away, and __________(run) to her room.The night of the party arrived. When the clock ___________(strike) eight, Claire had to dismiss Tony for the rest of the night, as the guests would be arriving soon. At that moment, Tony took her ________ his arms, bringing his face close to ___________(her). She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and ____________ he felt more than just the desire to please her. Then the front door bell rang
阅读理解A
According to a study done by University of Michigan, shopping to reduce stress was 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad than those only looking at items.
More than half of the 1,000 consumers surveyed by Credit Karma, head researcher of the study, said they have shopped to deal with feelings of stress or depression. About 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress shopping said they had purchased alcohol when stressed. About 82 percent of women spend on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. Women also lead shopping for jewellery, 42 percent, compared to 22 percent for men.
In some sense, stress shopping can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. The survey found 82 percent had only positive feelings about their purchases and that the positive mood was long-lasting. However, stress shopping, for many, could grow into a drive that uses up money, causes conflict, and therefore adds great stress to life.
Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression. Actually it needs to be avoided anyhow. Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries having the items you need written down will provide you with brightness while shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you’ll be more likely to commit to it.
In addition always think about what you struggle with most financially. Do you spend too much money at the mall Eating out Vacations Make a list of where your money is going and take necessary steps to resist your desire. For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on weekends, stuff your cupboard with food on Friday. So you’ll be more likely to stay in and cook. And you need to give up the need to keep up with others. Everyone’s financial situation is different and comparison may lead to debt and dissatisfaction with what you already have.
1．Why does the author mention those numbers in Paragraph 2
A．To support an idea. B．To attract readers.
C．To call for actions. D．To introduce a topic.
2．Which of the following may help deal with stress shopping
A．Stimulating desires. B．Recording spending.
C．Turning to medicines. D．Comparing with others.
3．What is the author’s attitude to stress shopping
A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Negative.
4．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Does shopping benefit us B．More stressed, women or men
C．Should we compare with others D．Can stress shopping reduce stress
B
Teaching middle-school children about climate change may be one of the most important things we can do to save the planet.It’s those kids who have the most potential, according to a new study.
It’s at this developmental age that students can master complex concepts like climate change and remain open to new ideas,the researchers say.Middle school is usually when we start to figure out how we really feel about the world and to form our own opinions.
The researchers carried out an experiment with students in North Carolina.They gave specialized climate change training to middle school teachers,sharing lessons that would specifically encourage the kids to interact with their parents and talk about the topic.Research has shown that lessons on climate change that have the most impact typically frame the topic around something you can often see or experience,so the lessons were focused on these themes,such as how the environment relates to animals or how an individual can directly affect the environment.
The researchers divided the students into two groups:a control group that didn’t get the specialized lessons and an experiment group who did.They also surveyed parents before, during and after the program,following these groups for two years.
After the program,the 357 students who got the special lessons and their parents showed a larger change in their level of concern about climate change than the 224 students who did not get the training.The 357 kids,the study found,can best reach adults and encourage them to act to fight climate change,regardless of their parents’ political beliefs.In fact,the researchers found this method has the greatest impact on the people who are otherwise hardest to convince:conservative (保守的) males.
“I really think it is very timely and really speaks to the fact that we have to prepare kids for climate change,”said study author Danielle Lawson.“Immediate action is key.We have about 12 years to take action together to keep the global average temperature from rising 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels.Beyond that critical point,climate change will have done permanent damage.”
5．Why do middle-school children have the most potential
A．They are free from wrong ideas. B．They like to deal with complexity.
C．They are interested in the outside world. D．They are at an age to form their own views.
6．How can we describe the lesson topic
A．Challenging. B．Familiar. C．Charming D．Limited.
7．What did the study find
A．People’s political beliefs are hard to change.
B．The 357 kids are good at communication skills.
C．Kids receiving the lessons influence their parents more.
D．No method but this one can convince conservative males.
8．What can be inferred from Danielle Lawson
A．We have enough time to take action.
B．It’s urgent to deal with climate change
C．The kids can solve the future climate challenge
D．We can do nothing about global warming after 2034.
C
A small device no bigger than a toaster has generated oxygen on the surface of Mars, bringing the chances of surviving on the red planet a step closer.
The Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment, better known as Moxie, has been generating oxygen from the atmosphere on Mars, as part of NASA’s Perseverance rover (漫游者)mission.
Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmosphere conditions since landing. During each test, the device produced six grams of oxygen, about the same as a small tree and enough to sustain an astronaut for 15 minutes. It’s also found that even in extreme temperatures and after a Martian dust storm, Moxie continued to produce high-purity oxygen.
“This is the first demonstration of actually using resources on the surface of another planet and transforming them chemically into something that would be useful for a human mission,”said Jeff Hoffman, a retired astronaut and professor at MIT.
NASA and the MIT team are planning to build a bigger version of Moxie, as they hope advanced models will produce enough oxygen to support a crewed mission to Mars. “We have to bring a lot of stuff from Earth to support a human mission, but oxygen is a big problem. If you can make it there, go for it and you’re way ahead of the game,” Hoffman said.
The device uses pumps that absorb in carbon dioxide which is heated to 800 ℃ and processed to separate the carbon and oxygen. Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)is emitted as waste while the pure oxygen is left behind.
Expanding the device to support a human mission to Mars presents challenges. It is needed to run continuously for 400 days, a leap from the one-hour tests and its inner temperature should be controlled stably. Moxie has proved to endure the extreme conditions on Mars, however, and the team plans to assess the machine’s limits in the coming months when atmosphere is thick and carbon dioxide levels are high. They say they just want to set everything as high as they dare and make as much oxygen as they can.
9．What can we learn about Moxie
A．It works well in a series of tests.
B．It aims to purify breathable oxygen.
C．It is stopped by extreme conditions.
D．It produces oxygen enough for a team.
10．By quoting Hoffman’s words in Paragraph 5, the author intends to_____.
A．present a plan to further explore Mars
B．demonstrate NASA’s ambition to win the game
C．show the plentiful and useful resources on Mars
D．highlight the significance of making oxygen on Mars
11．Which of the following best describes the team according to the last paragraph
A．Cautious and ambitious. B．Confident and intelligent.
C．Practical and independent. D．Courageous and imaginative.
12．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A NASA Mars rover landed successfully. B．Challenges for a human mission to Mars.
C．Human survives with oxygen made on Mars. D．A little oxygen on Mars, a great leap forward.
Tibet was a region I was desperate to see, ___33____ its remoteness and my inability to go delayed my journey. Last summer, my brother and I finally decided to take the trip.
We set off at the Guangzhou train station and three days later, we arrived in Lhasa. The trip certainly took a while; however, we ____34____ (reward) with the most beautiful views and made friends along the way, all at a ___35____ (low) cost than flying.
We started our tour of Lhasa watching pilgrims(朝圣者)doing their morning prayers, ____36____(comprehensive) exploring the palace. We had an incredible lunch at one of the best restaurants in Lhasa, ____37____ offered a beautiful view overlooking the Jokhang Temple.
Then we started our journey to the Qomolangma base camp____38____ road from Lhasa. Along the way we stopped ____39____ (admire) the Yamdrok Lake. Its beauty was beyond ____40____(describe).
About a week later, we arrived. We stayed in a guesthouse just next to the base camp and after dropping off our luggage, ____41____ (head) straight outside to see the Mt. Qomolangma. The tip of the mountain emerged through the clouds, ____42___ (astonish) us with its unbelievable height. The clouds parted and we watched the sunset over the peak.
一．单词拼写
1.absurd　2.appointment　3.declared　4.dismiss　5.salary
6．leather　7.backwards　8.hazy　9.fetch　10.handkerchief
二．单句语法填空
random 12.muddy 13 explosion 14. declaration 15. inaction 16.division　17.laboured　18.were stunned 19.overstatement 20.urgent
三．选词填空
1. took over　2. pros and cons　3. superior to 4. was adapted into　5. conflicted with
6. beside the point 7. reminded，of 　8. on the other hand　9. turned out 10. has an urge to
四．课文语法填空（见书本）
阅读理解
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D
5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B
9．A 10．D 11．A 12．D
语法填空
But/yet 34．were rewarded 35．lower 36．comprehensively 37．which
by 39．to admire 40．description 41．headed 42．astonishing
听力原文
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. A
11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B
Text 1
M: Would you like to go skating with me this afternoon
W: Oh, I’d love to. But we’re going to clean our dormitory after we have finished our math homework. I can’t be absent.
Text 2
W: Are you studying for the exam tonight
M: I would love to, but Sam has all my notes.
Text 3
W: I’m crazy about shopping online nowadays. It’s so convenient. Have you ever shopped online
M: Yes, quite often. I find that it’s much cheaper than shopping in stores. The most important thing is that it can save me a lot of time.
Text 4
M: Do you have any magazines, Mary
W: Yes, of course. Here are some interesting ones about clothes and fashion. And I still have some about movies and music. Which one would you like
M: Oh, I just want to read some sports news.
Text 5
M: Do you want to buy snacks to eat during the movie
W: No. They are too expensive. We should’ve eaten before we got here.
M: It’s all right. Maybe afterward, we can grab a bite at a nearby café.
Text 6
M: Hi, Maria. It’s John. Can you give me a ride to work this morning My car broke down late last night, and it’s being fixed in the repair shop.
W: I’d be delighted to, but I have to go into work early to prepare for an important meeting. Do you mind leaving 30
答题卡
一．单词拼写
单句语法填空
三．选词填空
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10
四．课文语法填空