专题14 完形填空通关练
（夹叙夹议文）
完形填空解题策略
名校优选完形填空专项通关练
【解题策略】
完形填空常考体裁为记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议文。夹叙夹议文完形填空以叙为主，叙议结合。思路跳跃性强，记叙和议论在文中会交错运用。有时在记叙的基础上发出议论，有时由议论引出记叙。夹叙夹议类完形填空结构清晰，主题明确，内容贴近考生的生活实际，积极传递正能量。或告诉读者一个道理，或给人带来乐趣，或引人启示。解答夹叙夹议类完形填空时思维要灵活，随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。
解题步骤
速读浏览大意：快速阅读全文，通过浏览全文，领会大意，了解文章体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节和写作风格等。
初填扣文意：先易后难，瞻前顾后，紧扣全文内容展开逻辑推理。注意从上下文中寻找线索，同时注意句法、词汇的意义、搭配等多角度综合考虑。
复读再核查：根据多角度衡量试填后，把全文再通读一遍，确保用词准确、语义连贯。所选答案填入空格处应当做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整、逻辑严谨、首尾呼应。
解题策略
1. 利用首句信息: 完形填空题首句往往不设空。首句往往是全文的关键线索句，可以确定文章的主题。应充分解读首句提示，为解题找到方向和突破口。
2. 上下求索找线索：根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空的关键。从近年高考真题看，高考完形越来越侧重对语篇的考查，信息的逻辑推理判断。单词的考查以实词为主，虚词为辅。侧重动词（短语）、名词、形容词的考查。词语在特定语境中所表达的隐含信息需借助上下文甚至全文语境的限定才能准确得出答案。
3. 文化背景、生活常识找线索：解题时，需调动文化背景知识和生活常识，同时还应当注意中西方文化的差异。
4. 语篇标志性逻辑词找线索：句子与句子之间，语篇之中经常给出表明逻辑关系的词语如，语篇标志性逻辑词找线索：句子与句子之间，语篇之中经常给出表明逻辑关系的词语如，表示时间关系的before, so far, yet, now, later, from now/then on,等。
表示结构层次的firstly, secondly, thirdly, besides等。
表示因果关系的so, therefore, because, thus, since, as, owing to, due to等。
表示转折关系的but, however, while, on the other hand等。
表示并列关系的and, also, as well se等。
习惯用法和词语辨析：从近年高考真题看，词、词组的词语辨析试题比重呈加大的趋势。主要考查习惯用法、同义词、近义词等。
【名校优选专项通关练】
1.（2024·重庆·高三重庆一中高三试题）
I’m a mom of two teenagers, and I often visit Disney theme parks alone to recharge.
These trips give me a break from my daily 1 and some much needed alone time. If you’re 2 what a mom at Disney should do all on her own, here is what I did during a recent stay at the Four Seasons Resort on Disney World.
When I checked in online before my visit, the hotel 3 me to choose the type of bedding I preferred. Since I didn’t have to think about anyone else’s 4 I chose a pillow mattress topper and microfiber pillows, sleeping like a baby, right in the center of the bed, 5 by pillows, for the night. My hotel 6 several works from the Disney fine artist DomCorona, so I spent time walking through it and seeing his art, which normally my kids would have found 7 . I waited in line to meet my favorite Disney character and took a moment to 8 for a photo with Donald Duck. However, my children would never want to stand in 9 long lines for this experience. My hotel room had a(n) 10 oversized bathtub, so I was soaked (浸泡) in a bubble bath with a glass of wine. Since no one else was around to control the 11 , I could watch a movie I’d been wanting to see for a long time. Finally, I watched fireworks in my pajamas.
12 began to slip in while lying lazily by the hotel’s pool The answer is NO! Your kids won’t have such burden either and they may 13 it when you have a break from them. Moms are no 14 to the idea that self care is important. You’re one of your child’s most important models and taking time to 15 yourself and have fun shows your kids that adulthood isn’t all work and no play.
1．A．challenges B．anxieties C．fantasies D．responsibilities
2．A．seeking B．wondering C．discussing D．researching
3．A．allowed B．commanded C．encouraged D．persuaded
4．A．preferences B．suggestions C．requirements D．attitudes
5．A．impressed B．covered C．surrounded D．occupied
6．A．purchased B．accumulated C．featured D．possessed
7．A．thrilling B．amazing C．interesting D．boring
8．A．pose B．ask C．sign D．bid
9．A．always B．frequently C．occasionally D．seldom
10．A．shocking B．comforting C．admiring D．inviting
11．A．schedule B．programme C．expense D．remote
12．A．Doubt B．Satisfaction C．Guilt D．Emptiness
13．A．hate B．like C．feel D．respect
14．A．strangers B．acquaintances C．participants D．determiners
15．A．adapt B．recharge C．supply D．improve
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要描述了作为两个十几岁孩子的母亲，作者是如何经常独自去迪士尼主题公园给自己放松、充电的。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些旅行让我从日常责任中解脱出来，获得一些非常需要的独处时间。A. challenges挑战；B. anxieties焦虑；C. fantasies幻想；D. responsibilities责任。根据前文“I’m a mom of two teenagers”（我是两个十几岁孩子的妈妈）和本句中“and some much needed alone time.”可知，作者是一个母亲，有两个十几岁的孩子，每天的工作和生活都是是非常忙碌的，也很难有自己独处的时间，所以一个人去迪士尼可以让她暂时脱离母亲的责任，得以独处和休息。故选D。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你想知道一个在迪士尼的妈妈独自应该做些什么，以下是我最近在迪士尼世界四季度假村所做的事情。A. seeking寻求；B. wondering想知道；C. discussing讨论；D. researching研究。根据句中“here is what I did during a recent stay at the Four Seasons Resort on Disney World.”可知，接下来作者会介绍她最近在迪士尼度假村都做了什么，所以这里应该是作者就读者想知道的问题，来给大家作介绍。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我去之前在网上登记时，酒店允许我选择我喜欢的床上用品类型。A. allowed允许；B. commanded命令；C. encouraged鼓励；D. persuaded劝说。根据句中“When I checked in online before my visit”和常识可知，在网上预订酒店时，酒店一般会提供一些选项让顾客选择，预订自己喜爱的房间或设施类型，所以这里应该是允许顾客选择自己喜欢的床上用品类型。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我不需要考虑别人的喜好，所以我选择了枕头垫和超细纤维枕头，像婴儿一样睡在床中央，被枕头环绕着。A. preferences喜好；B. suggestions建议；C. requirements需求；D. attitudes态度。根据前文“I often visit Disney theme parks alone to recharge.”（我经常独自去迪斯尼主题公园充电。）和“the hotel 3 me to choose the type of bedding I preferred.”（酒店允许我选择我喜欢的床上用品类型）可知，作者是一个人去迪士尼的，所以酒店允许顾客选择自己喜欢的床上用品类型，她不需要去考虑别人的喜好。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我不需要考虑别人的喜好，所以我选择了枕头垫和超细纤维枕头，像婴儿一样睡在床中央，被枕头环绕着。A. impressed给留下深刻印象；B. covered覆盖；C. surrounded环绕；D. occupied占据。根据句中“right in the center of the bed”和常识可知，作者睡在床中央，应该是周围都放了枕头，被枕头环绕着，把自己包在了中间。故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我住的酒店里有几幅迪士尼美术大师DomCorona的作品，所以我花了一些时间在里面逛了逛，看看他的作品，通常我的孩子们会觉得这些作品很无聊。A. purchased购买；B. accumulated积累；C. featured以……为特色；D. possessed拥有。根据句中“so I spent time walking through it and seeing his art,”可知，作者会花时间在酒店里面欣赏迪士尼美术大师DomCorona的作品，说明这家酒店里展有他的作品，应该是酒店的特色。故选C。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我住的酒店里有几幅迪士尼美术大师DomCorona的作品，所以我花了一些时间在里面逛了逛，看看他的作品，通常我的孩子们会觉得这些作品很无聊。A. thrilling令人激动的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. interesting有趣的；D. boring无聊的。根据下文“However, my children would never want to stand in 9 long lines for this experience.”（然而，我的孩子们永远不会想要经常排很长的队来体验这种体验）和常识可知，十几岁的孩子和作者之间的兴趣爱好是不同的，作者愿意花时间去欣赏美术大师的作品，而她的孩子们通常不会喜欢，他们会觉得很无聊。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我排队等着见到我最喜欢的迪士尼人物，并花了一点时间摆姿势和唐老鸭合影。A. pose摆姿势；B. ask问；C. sign签署；D. bid出价。根据句中“for a photo with Donald Duck”可知，作者在排队见到最喜欢的唐老鸭后，为了与他合影，应该是花了一点时间来摆姿势拍照。故选A。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的孩子们永远不会想要经常排很长的队来体验这种体验。A. always总是；B. frequently频繁地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. seldom很少。根据前文“I waited in line to meet my favorite Disney character and took a moment to 8 for a photo with Donald Duck.”（我排队等着见到我最喜欢的迪士尼人物，并花了一点时间摆姿势和唐老鸭合影）和常识可知，粉丝排队来见自己喜欢的卡通形象，并拍照合影，这在迪士尼公园应该是经常、频繁发生的。故选B。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我住的酒店房间里有一个超大的浴缸，很诱人，所以我泡了个泡泡浴，喝了一杯酒。A. shocking令人震惊的；B. comforting令人欣慰的；C. admiring令人钦佩的；D. inviting诱人的。根据句中“so I was soaked (浸泡) in a bubble bath with a glass of wine.”和空处前“oversized”可知，作者浸泡在这个超大浴缸里，喝着红酒，非常享受，说明这个浴缸非常有吸引力，很诱人。故选D。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于周围没有其他人来控制遥控器，我可以看一部我一直想看的电影。A. schedule时间表；B. programme节目；C. expense费用；D. remote遥控器。根据句中“I could watch a movie I’d been wanting to see for a long time”可知，作者可以一直看自己想看的电影，说明周围没有别人来换台、操控遥控器。故选D。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你懒洋洋地躺在酒店的泳池边时，内疚感开始涌上心头？A. Doubt怀疑；B. Satisfaction满意；C. Guilt内疚；D. Emptiness空虚。根据下文“The answer is NO!”（回答是不！）和“Your kids won’t have such burden either”（你的孩子也不会有这样的负担）中的“burden”可知，作者提出了当懒洋洋地躺在酒店的泳池边，什么都不做时，会不会有心理负担，感觉当妈妈的不管孩子，自己在这里享受，心中有内疚感。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的孩子也不会有这样的负担，他们可能会喜欢你从他们身边休息一下。A. hate憎恨；B. like喜欢；C. feel感觉；D. respect尊敬。根据句中“Your kids won’t have such burden either”和常识可知，孩子不会因为妈妈自己去游玩不管他们，就会心有负担的，当你暂时离开他们几天休息一下时，他们很可能会感到很放松，很开心，喜欢这种暂时的分开。故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈们对自我照顾的重要性并不陌生。A. strangers陌生人；B. acquaintances熟人；C. participants参加者；D. determiners限定词。根据句中“the idea that self care is important”和常识可知，作妈妈的都懂得照顾好自己是很重要的，这个观点对她们并不陌生。故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你是孩子最重要的榜样之一，花点时间给自己充电，找点乐子，让你的孩子知道，成年并不是只有工作没有娱乐。A. adapt适应；B. recharge充电、恢复精力；C. supply提供；D. improve提高。根据第一段“and I often visit Disney theme parks alone to recharge.”（我经常独自去迪士尼主题公园充电）中的“recharge”和文章内容可知，作者会花时间独自去迪士尼主题公园，是为了自我放松，体味快乐，给自己充电，从而活力满满地回归到工作和生活中去。故选B。
2.（2024·山东青岛·高三统考期末）
What will we be doing in ten years’ time Can we become the person we aim to be Will we get into the school of our 16 Clearly, having plans for the future doesn’t mean they will become 17 . For us, it is how we live that matters.
The young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had 18 worked as a doctor in London. But Doyle’ main 19 was to writing historical novels and get 20 in the academic field. However, 21 , it was not his published historical novels but the Sherlock Holmes detective stories, which Doyle wrote as a doctor, that became a 22 of the time.
After Sherlock Holmes made him a(n) 23 name, Doyle gave up medicine and entirely turned to writing historical novels, which was his early 24 . The public, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes, so Doyle had no 25 but to kill off the famous detective in a novel in 1893 to 26 his “serious” writing. Later, requested by 27 fans of Holmes, Doyle was forced to bring Holmes back to life. Doyle’s published historical novels have remained largely 28 , but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for years.
Extremely successful and known, Doyle’s career failed to turn out as 29 , though. However, it still shows us a(n) 30 that whatever the future unfolds for us, just live the life to the full.
16．A．community B．mind C．choice D．childhood
17．A．empty B．real C．useful D．meaningful
18．A．accidentally B．happily C．originally D．devotedly
19．A．relief B．comfort C．idea D．ambition
20．A．accepted B．required C．invited D．recommended
21．A．hopefully B．interestingly C．obviously D．thankfully
22．A．hit B．signal C．sign D．display
23．A．common B．household C．unexpected D．amazing
24．A．belief B．approach C．access D．intention
25．A．time B．application C．manners D．option
26．A．focus on B．transform C．leave behind D．taste
27．A．funny B．graceful C．crazy D．humorous
28．A．forgotten B．lost C．refused D．collected
29．A．pictured B．advised C．thought D．planned
30．A．exhibition B．lesson C．offer D．requirement
【答案】
16．C 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述阿瑟·柯南·道尔的经历，讨论了人生规划与现实之间的关系，以及如何面对未来的不确定性，强调了活出充实生活的重要性。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能进入自己选择的学校吗 A. community社区；B. mind心灵；C. choice选择；D. childhood童年。根据上文“become the person we aim to be”和下文“having plans for the future”可知，文中谈论的是我们对于未来的计划，所以学校也是我们计划的一部分，是我们自己的选择。故选C项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：显然，为未来制定计划并不意味着它们将成为现实。A. empty空的；B. real真实的；C. useful有用的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“having plans for the future doesn’t mean”可知，有计划并不意味着就能实现，并不意味着就能成真。故选B项。
18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：年轻的亚瑟·柯南·道尔1859年出生于苏格兰，最初在伦敦当医生。A. accidentally偶然地；B. happily快乐地；C. originally最初；D. devotedly专心地。根据下文“After Sherlock Holmes made him a(n) 8 name, Doyle gave up medicine and entirely turned to writing historical novels”可知，柯南·道尔最初是医生，后来成了作家。故选C项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但道尔的主要抱负是写历史小说，并在学术领域获得认可。A. relief缓解；B. comfort安慰；C. idea想法；D. ambition追求的目标，抱负。根据下文“writing historical novels and get 5 in the academic field.”可知，写历史小说是道尔真正的人生目标，他的追求和抱负。故选D项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但道尔的主要抱负是写历史小说，并在学术领域获得认可。A. accepted接受，认可；B. required要求；C. invited邀请；D. recommended推荐。根据下文“the academic field”可推知，道尔希望在专业领域得到认可。故选A项。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有趣的是，成为当时轰动一时的并不是他出版的历史小说，而是道尔作为医生所写的福尔摩斯侦探小说。A. hopefully希望地；B. interestingly有趣地；C. obviously显然地；D. thankfully感激地。根据下文“it was not his published historical novels but the Sherlock Holmes detective stories, which Doyle wrote as a doctor, that became a 7 of the time.”可知，道尔原本是想写历史小说并得到认可，但他写的侦探小说让他名声大振，现实与理想并不一致，这是一件有趣的事情。故选B项。
22．考查名词义辨析。句意：然而，有趣的是，成为当时轰动一时的并不是他出版的历史小说，而是道尔作为医生所写的福尔摩斯侦探小说。A. hit很受欢迎的人或事物；B. signal信号；C. sign标志；D. display展览。根据第三段中“The public, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes”可知，道尔的福尔摩斯侦探小说深受欢迎，成为当时轰动一时作品。故选A项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在福尔摩斯让他家喻户晓之后，道尔放弃了医学，完全转向写历史小说，这是他最初的打算。A. common常见的；B. household家喻户晓的；C. unexpected意外的；D. amazing惊人的。根据“”可知，根据上文可知，道尔的福尔摩斯侦探小说深受欢迎，成为当时轰动一时作品，故福尔摩斯也让道尔家喻户晓。故选B项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在福尔摩斯让他家喻户晓之后，道尔放弃了医学，完全转向写历史小说，这是他最初的打算。A. belief信仰；B. approach方法；C. access访问；D. intention意图，打算。根据上文“But Doyle’ main 4 was to writing historical novels and get 5 in the academic field.”可知，写历史小说是道尔的最初打算。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，公众对夏洛克·福尔摩斯总是看不够，所以道尔别无选择，只能在1893年的一部小说中杀死这位著名的侦探，专注于他的“严肃”写作。A. time时间；B. application申请；C. manners礼貌；D. option选项。根据上文“The public, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes”和下文“kill off the famous detective in a novel in 1893 to 11 his “serious” writing.”可推知，除了在小说中让福尔摩斯死去，道尔无法消减读者的热情，道尔没有选择。故选D项。
26．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：然而，公众对夏洛克·福尔摩斯总是看不够，所以道尔别无选择，只能在1893年的一部小说中杀死这位著名的侦探，专注于他的“严肃”写作。A. focus on专注；B. transform转化；C. leave behind留下；D. taste味道。根据上文可知，写历史小说才是道尔的最初的追求和抱负，所以他“kill off the famous detective in a novel in 1893”是为了专注于更严肃的写历史小说创作。故选A项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，应福尔摩斯狂热粉丝的要求，道尔被迫让福尔摩斯起死回生。A. funny有趣的；B. graceful优雅的；C. crazy狂热的；D. humorous幽默的。根据下文“Doyle was forced to bring Holmes back to life.”可知，道尔被迫让福尔摩斯起死回生，说明福尔摩斯迷们非常狂热。故选C项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：道尔出版的历史小说基本上被遗忘了，但福尔摩斯多年来一直为读者带来快乐。A. forgotten忘记；B. lost失去；C. refused拒绝；D. collected收集。根据上文“it was not his published historical novels but the Sherlock Holmes detective stories, which Doyle wrote as a doctor, that became a 7 of the time.”可知，道尔的历史小说并未引起关注，所以他的历史小说基本上被遗忘了。故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管道尔的事业非常成功和出名，但他的事业并没有像计划的那样发展。A. pictured描绘；B. advised建议；C. thought思考；D. planned计划。根据上文可知，道尔原本计划写历史小说，但最后是他写的侦探小说让他名声大振，所以他的事业并没有像计划的那样发展。故选D项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，它仍然给我们传达了一个教训：不管未来如何，充实地生活就好。A. exhibition展览；B. lesson经验，教训；C. offer提供；D. requirement要求。根据下文“whatever the future unfolds for us, just live the life to the full.”可知，这是道尔的故事给我们的一个教训，也是作者的感悟。故选B项。
3.（2024·山东·高三山东省实验中学校考）
Star Wars Episode I was out! Five of us guys decided to drive an hour to Champaign to see the movie. The Lorraine Theatres had a widespread 31 as having the best sound system.
In two cars, we 32 to a 4:30 p. m. showing. It was a great day in May. The theatre was found on a small-town main street. Arriving at 4: 20 p. m., we 33 in the parking lot. But there weren’t other parked cars. We thought maybe the daytime 34 was slowing down since the movie had been out for a couple weeks.
Approaching the theatre, we found the doors locked. Just as we finished 35 the doors, out came the owner. He told us the theatre had 36 the 4:30 showing three days before, apologizing that he hadn’t had a chance to 37 the webpage yet because his laptop was in for repair.
He asked us where we had come from, and we told him. After minutes of small talk, I said 38 , “So you are to show it anyway ” He looked at his watch, thought a bit and then 39 ! We paid him the 40 price, and he even let us buy snacks. It was lucky that we had correct 41 for everything because he couldn’t get into the cash register.
It struck me that it would have been 42 for him to say “Tough luck” and sent us back. Instead, he chose to start up his 43 . I’ve no idea of the 44 costs, but I’d wonder if the profit of five tickets and a few snacks would be enough to 45 them. We were all grateful that we were treated so kindly by a total stranger.
31．A．confidence B．commitment C．reputation D．resource
32．A．headed B．appealed C．submitted D．led
33．A．broke up B．speeded up C．pulled up D．showed up
34．A．schedule B．budget C．duration D．business
35．A．opening B．trying C．unlocking D．answering
36．A．called B．stopped C．returned D．stored
37．A．update B．overcome C．transform D．design
38．A．secretly B．anxiously C．desperately D．jokingly
39．A．rejected B．agreed C．hesitated D．departed
40．A．affordable B．temporary C．regular D．common
41．A．change B．credit C．ticket D．choice
42．A．reasonable B．sensitive C．cruel D．sympathetic
43．A．performance B．patience C．solution D．equipment
44．A．generating B．operating C．describing D．purchasing
45．A．pay B．charge C．cover D．reward
【答案】
31．C 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．B 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．C 41．A 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者和朋友们去电影院看电影，却被告知电影院休息。但是善良的店主仍然为他们几个人播放了电影，所以让作者他们非常感激。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：洛林剧院因拥有最好的音响系统而广受赞誉。A. confidence自信心；B. commitment奉献；C. reputation名声；D. resource资源。根据下文“as having the best sound system”可知，洛林剧院因拥有最好的音响系统，所以它的名声应该是很好的。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：开了两辆车，我们去看下午4:30的演出。A. headed朝…去；B. appealed吸引；C. submitted上交；D. led领导。根据下文“to a 4:30 p. m. showing”可知，作者他们应该是朝着下午4:30的演出出发。故选A。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：下午4点20分到达，我们在停车场停车。A. broke up破坏；B. speeded up加速；C. pulled up停车；D. showed up出现。根据上文“Arriving at 4: 20 p. m.”可知，作者他们到达了电影院之后，应该是先把车停好。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们认为，由于这部电影已经上映了几周，白天的业务可能会放缓。A. schedule安排；B. budget预算；C. duration一段时间；D. business生意。根据上文“But there weren’t other parked cars.”可知，停车场的车不多，所以作者他们应该是认为电影院的生意不是那么好了。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们刚试完门，店主就出来了。A. opening打开；B. trying尝试；C. unlocking开锁；D. answering回答。根据上文“we found the doors locked”可知，电影院的门被锁上了，所以作者他们应该是试图打开它。故选B。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我们，剧院三天前已经停止了4:30的演出，并道歉说他还没有机会更新网页，因为他的笔记本电脑正在维修中。A. called喊；B. stopped停止；C. returned回；D. stored储存。根据下文“apologizing that he hadn’t had a chance to 7 the webpage yet because his laptop was in for repair”可知，电影院已经在三天前就停止了4:30的演出。故选B。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. update更新；B. overcome克服；C. transform转换；D. design设计。根据下文“because his laptop was in for repair”可知，电脑坏了，所以应该是没有更新信息，所以才导致作者他们去到之后才发现电影院关门不营业了。故选A。
38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：闲聊了几分钟后，我开玩笑地说：“所以你无论如何都要展示它？”A. secretly秘密地；B. anxiously紧张地；C. desperately绝望地；D. jokingly开玩笑地。根据下文“He looked at his watch, thought a bit and then 9 !”可知，店主后来同意了作者的要求，这令作者很吃惊，所以作者刚开始应该是用开玩笑的口吻说的话。故选D。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看了看手表，想了想，然后同意了！A. rejected拒绝；B. agreed同意；C. hesitated犹豫；D. departed分开。根据下文“We paid him the 10 price, and he even let us buy snacks. It was lucky that we had correct 11 for everything because he couldn’t get into the cash register.”可知，作者他们进去看电影了，所以店主同意了作者的要求。故选B。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们付给他正常的价格，他甚至让我们买零食。A. affordable买得起的；B. temporary暂时的；C. regular有规律的，正常的；D. common常见的。根据下文“and he even let us buy snacks”可知，店主像平常一样营业，所以作者他们应该是按照正常的票价买票。故选C。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们所有东西都有正确的零钱，因为他进不了收银台。A. change零钱；B. credit信用；C. ticket票；D. choice选择。根据上文“he even let us buy snacks”和下文“because he couldn’t get into the cash register”可知，店主让作者他们买零食，但是又无法使用收银机，所以作者他们应该是用零钱买的。故选A。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，他说“运气不好”并把我们送回来是合理的。A. reasonable合理的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. cruel残忍的；D. sympathetic有同情心的。根据下文“Instead, he chose to start up his 13 . I’ve no idea of the 14 costs, but I’d wonder if the profit of five tickets and a few snacks would be enough to 15 them.”可知，作者认为店主把机器设备打开专门为他们几个人播放电影确实是不够成本，所以店主说“运气不好”是合情合理的。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他选择启动自己的设备。A. performance表现；B. patience耐心；C. solution解决；D. equipment设备。根据上文“After minutes of small talk, I said 8 , “So you are to show it anyway ” He looked at his watch, thought a bit and then 9 !”可知，店主同意为他们播放电影，所以应该是启动播放电影的设备。故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道运营成本。A. generating产生；B. operating操作；C. describing描写；D. purchasing购买。根据下文“costs”可知，这里应该是指店主播放电影的运营成本。故选B。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我想知道五张票和几份小吃的利润是否足以支付这些费用。A. pay付款；B. charge管理；C. cover覆盖，足以支付；D. reward回报。根据上文“the profit of five tickets and a few snacks would be enough”可知，这里指作者想知道他们几个人的五张票和几份小吃的利润是否足以支付店主为他们播放电影的运营成本。故选C。
4.（2024·广东·模拟预测）
I simply woke up one morning with a wish to return to Huntington and do something. It was hard to 46 my thoughts. The only person I knew there was my mother, and she and I didn’t 47 . While I was growing up, I never felt 48 to her. She hardly hugged me or held my hand. At the age of 15, I learned Momhad a rare disease. That may have explained her 49 , but for a daughter who wanted to get her mother’s love, the fact couldn’t remove the 50 she had caused.
When I finally arrived home, I rang the doorbell 51 . Mom opened the door, stone-faced. Despite that, I lived nearby and visited almost every day out of a sense of 52 . When Mom’s condition became 53 , I became her full-time caregiver. Some time later, Mom’s disease progressed, and her 54 seemed to have changed. She became 55 and easy to communicate with. She spoke a lot about her younger days, as if she were 56 those days again. One day, in her room, she took hold of my hand. She’d never 57 me in such a way. And she talked about some 58 , including family and friends. As she spoke, she held my hand in hers with the love and tenderness (温柔) I’d 59 my whole life.
Mom died peacefully a few years later. But I always remember the moment when she held my hand. And I never 60 my decision to stay with her when she was in need.
46．A．affect B．limit C．describe D．spread
47．A．settle down B．start off C．show up D．get along
48．A．rude B．close C．generous D．strange
49．A．behavior B．dream C．choice D．concern
50．A．trouble B．accident C．hurt D．doubt
51．A．nervously B．curiously C．confidently D．sadly
52．A．honor B．duty C．loss D．emptiness
53．A．satisfying B．normal C．important D．worrying
54．A．ability B．hobby C．personality D．lifestyle
55．A．annoyed B．disappointed C．serious D．sweet
56．A．wasting B．experiencing C．hiding D．recording
57．A．understood B．punished C．mentioned D．touched
58．A．memories B．suggestions C．challenges D．disasters
59．A．relied on B．longed for C．complained of D．turned down
60．A．value B．complete C．regret D．consider
【答案】
46．C 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．D 54．C 55．D 56．B 57．D 58．A 59．B 60．C
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者和母亲之间的关系由不亲近到越来越好，陪同母亲的决定是作者不后悔的事情。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难描述我的想法。A. affect影响；B. limit限制；C. describe描述；D. spread展开。根据下文“The only person I knew there was my mother, and she and I didn’t ____2____. When I was growing up, I never felt ____3____ to her. She hardly hugged me or held my hand. At 15, I learned Mom had a rare disease.”可知，作者感到很孤独、想家，所以很难描述她当时的心情。故选C。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我唯一知道的人是我的母亲，她和我相处得不好。A. settle down定居；B. start off出发；C. show up出现；D. get along相处融洽。根据下文“When I was growing up, I never felt 3 to her. She hardly hugged me or held my hand.(当我长大的时候，我从未感觉到与她亲近。她几乎没有拥抱我，也没有握住我的手)”可知，作者和母亲相处得不好。故选D。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我成长的过程中，我从未感觉和她亲近。A. rude粗鲁的；B. close亲近的；C. generous大方的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“She hardly hugged me or held my hand.”可知，作者和母亲不亲近。故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能解释了她的行为，但对于一个想要得到母亲爱的女儿来说，事实并不能消除她所造成的伤害。A. behavior行为；B. dream梦想；C. choice选择；D. concern关心。根据上文“She hardly hugged me or held my hand. At 15, I learned Mom had a rare disease.”可知，作者的母亲生病了，所以可以解释她们不亲近的行为。故选A。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能解释了她的行为，但对于一个想要得到母亲爱的女儿来说，事实并不能消除她所造成的伤害。A. trouble麻烦；B. accident事故；C. hurt伤害；D. doubt怀疑。前文提到了作者的母亲几乎没有拥抱过作者，也没有握过作者的手，这给作者造成了伤害，因此该处说的是“对于一个想要得到母亲爱的女儿来说，事实并不能消除她所造成的伤害。”故选C。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我终于到家时，我紧张地按响了门铃。A. nervously紧张地；B. curiously好奇地；C. confidently自信地；D. sadly伤心地。前文提到作者与母亲相处不好，因此作者到家时，应是紧张地按了门铃。故选A。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，出于责任感，我住在附近，几乎每天都会去。A. honor荣誉；B. duty责任；C. loss失去；D. emptiness空虚。根据上文“When I finally arrived home, I rang the doorbell ____6____. Mom opened the door, stone-faced.”可知，作者出于责任感，几乎每天都会去看望母亲。故选B。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当妈妈的病情变得令人担忧时，我成了她的全职护理者。A. satisfying令人满意的；B. normal正常的；C. important重要的；D. worrying令人担心的。根据下文“I became her full-time caregiver.”可知，母亲的情况变得更糟糕了，所以此处指更加令人担心的。故选D。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着母亲病情的发展，她的性格似乎发生了变化。A. ability能力；B. hobby爱好；C. personality性格；D. lifestyle生活模式。根据上文“When I was growing up, I never felt ____3____ to her. She hardly hugged me or held my hand.”和下文“She became ____10____ and easy to communicate with. She spoke a lot about her younger days, as if she were ____11____ those days.”可知，母亲的性格发生了变化，从不亲近变得话很多，很容易相处了。故选C。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她变得和蔼可亲，易于沟通。A. annoyed生气的；B. disappointed失望的；C. serious严重的；D. sweet和蔼的。根据下文“easy to communicate with”可知，母亲变得容易交流了，所以她的人也变得和蔼了。故选D。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说了很多关于她年轻时的事情，仿佛她在重新体验那些日子。A. wasting浪费；B. experiencing体验；C. hiding躲藏；D. recording记录。根据上文“She spoke a lot about her younger days”可知，母亲说了很多关于她年轻时的事情，所以就像是在重新体验那些日子一样。故选B。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从来没有这样碰过我。A. understood理解；B. punished惩罚；C. mentioned提到；D. touched触摸，碰。根据上文“One day, in her room, she took hold of my hand.”可知，母亲握住了作者的手，所以这是一种触碰行为。故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她谈到了一些回忆，包括家人和朋友。A. memories回忆；B. suggestions建议；C. challenges挑战；D. disasters灾难。根据上文“She spoke a lot about her younger days,”可知，母亲在回忆以前的事情。故选A。
59．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她说话的时候，她用我一生都渴望的爱和温柔握住了我的手。A. relied on依赖；B. longed for渴望；C. complained of抱怨；D. turned down拒绝。根据上文“the love and tenderness”可知，来自母亲的爱和温柔是作者一生都渴望的。故选B。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从不后悔我在她需要的时候和她在一起的决定。A. value珍惜；B. complete完成；C. regret后悔；D. consider考虑。根据下文“my decision to stay with her when she was in need.”可知，陪同母亲的决定是作者不后悔的事情。故选C。
5.（2024·山西临汾·校联考模拟预测）
I wasn’t raised to be a fan of snails (蜗牛). I was always taught that if we see a snail on a plant, we should pick it off and 61 on it. This brought us the kind of giggly (咯咯傻笑的) 62 that only children experience. We loved it. However, my 63 on snails has changed, as I’ve grown older. They bring me a different kind of happiness.
The first time I thought of snails as more than a 64 was when I saw something that 65 me in my garden. A small snail, 66 a hard shell, moved slowly toward one 67 bud and explored it. The exploration lasted for quite a while and, 68 enough, the bud turned into a full bloom. Watching the snail carefully touching the flower 69 me of the lyric: “Snails see the beauty in every inch.” I realized that the snail is probably a best representation of 70 and taking life slowly.
Then, I 71 the snail in my palm. It was scared by the sudden move and immediately 72 back into its shell. I thought it would 73 inside for several minutes, but shortly after gutting used to the takeaway, the snail poked its head out again. It was not just hiding but 74 .
Giving ourselves time to nourish (滋养) inside and out, and waiting for the right 75 to reenter the exciting life, is extremely restorative and worthwhile.
61．A．knock B．stamp C．lean D．click
62．A．relief B．satisfaction C．sympathy D．scare
63．A．view B．focus C．debate D．article
64．A．pet B．toy C．pest D．mascot
65．A．puzzles B．interests C．comforts D．distracts
66．A．dragging B．using C．lifting D．pushing
67．A．eye-catching B．breathtaking C．familiar-looking D．half-blooming
68．A．magically B．secretly C．swiftly D．silently
69．A．cured B．reminded C．warned D．informed
70．A．curiosity B．excitement C．calmness D．eagerness
71．A．placed B．covered C．stuck D．wrapped
72．A．stepped B．drew C．crawled D．walked
73．A．wander B．sleep C．hide D．struggle
74．A．competing B．resisting C．exploring D．adjusting
75．A．reason B．position C．moment D．choice
【答案】
61．B 62．B 63．A 64．C 65．B 66．A 67．D 68．A 69．B 70．C 71．A 72．B 73．C 74．D 75．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过观察蜗牛得出的人生感悟：蜗牛是平静和慢生活的代表，全面滋养自己以后，重新回到激动人心的生活是有益的，值得的。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是被教导，如果我们看到植物上有一只蜗牛，我们应该把它摘下来，踩上一脚。A. knock敲打；B. stamp用脚踩踏；C. lean倚靠；D. click点击。根据前文“I wasn’t raised to be a fan of snails (蜗牛).”可知，作者不喜欢蜗牛，小时候被教导看到蜗牛在植物上就摘下来踩死。故选B。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我们带来了只有孩子才能体验到的那种咯咯傻笑的满足。A. relief信仰；B. satisfaction满意；C. sympathy同情；D. scare惊恐。根据前文内容和“This brought us the kind of giggly”可知，踩死蜗牛带来孩子们才能体会的满足。故选B。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我对蜗牛的看法发生了变化。A. view看法；B. focus焦点；C. debate辩论；D. article文章。根据后文“as I’ve grown older. They bring me a different kind of happiness.”可知，随着年龄的长大，作者对蜗牛的看法与小时候不一样了，蜗牛给作者带来不同的快乐。故选A。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在花园里看到一些令我感兴趣的东西时，我第一次认为蜗牛不仅仅是害虫。A. pet宠物；B. toy玩具；C. pest害虫；D. mascot吉祥物。根据前文“I was always taught that if we see a snail on a plant, we should pick it off and 1 on it.”和常识可知，蜗牛被认为是害虫，故选C。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. puzzles使迷惑；B. interests使……感兴趣；C. comforts舒适；D. distracts使分心句意。根据后文“Watching the snail carefully touching the flower 9 me of the lyric: “Snails see the beauty in every inch.””可知，作者看到了让自己感兴趣的东西。故选B。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一只小蜗牛拖着坚硬的壳，慢慢地向一个半开的花蕾移动，并探索着它。A. dragging拖；B. using使用；C. lifting举起；D. pushing推。根据后文“a hard shell, moved slowly toward”和常识可知，小蜗牛拖着重重的壳在慢慢移动。故选A。
67．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. eye-catching引入注目的；B. breathtaking激动人心的；C. familiar-looking看起来熟悉的；D. half-blooming半盛开的。根据后文“the bud turned into a full bloom”可知，花蕾是半开的，还没有完全开放。故选D。
68．考查副词词义辨析。句意：探索持续了很长一段时间，不可思议地，蓓蕾变成了盛开的花朵。A. magically不可思议地；B. secretly秘密地；C. swiftly快速地；D. silently沉默地。根据后文“the bud turned into a full bloom”可知，花蕾在蜗牛的探索中盛开让作者感到不可思议。故选A。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着蜗牛小心翼翼地抚摸着花朵，我想起了一句歌词：“蜗牛看到了每一寸土地上的美。”A. cured治愈；B. reminded使想起；C. warned警告；D. informed告知。根据后文“me of the lyric: “Snails see the beauty in every inch.””可知，蜗牛的探索提醒作者想起了一句歌词。故选B。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到蜗牛可能是平静和慢慢生活的最好代表。A. curiosity好奇心；B. excitement激动；C. calmness平静；安宁；D. eagerness渴望。根据后文“and taking life slowly”可知，and连接并列成分，慢节奏的生活是平静安宁的。故选C。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我把蜗牛放在我的手掌里。A. placed放置；B. covered覆盖；C. stuck贴；D. wrapped包。根据后文“the snail in my palm. It was scared by the sudden move”可知，作者拾起我就放在手里。故选A。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它被这突然的举动吓坏了，立刻缩回了壳里。A. stepped踱；B. drew移动，行进；C. crawled爬；D. walked走。根据前文“It was scared by the sudden move”和常识可知，蜗牛受到惊吓缩进壳子里。draw back“退缩”符合语境。故选B。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为它会躲在里面几分钟，但在习惯了这种拿走不久，蜗牛又把头探了出来。A. wander漫游；B. sleep睡觉；C. hide躲藏；D. struggle挣扎。根据后文“but shortly after gutting used to the takeaway, the snail poked its head out again.”和常识可知，蜗牛被作者拿走，习惯性地躲进壳里。故选C。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是在逃避，也是在适应。A. competing竞争；B. resisting抵抗；C. exploring探索；D. adjusting适应。根据前文“but shortly after gutting used to the takeaway, the snail poked its head out again.”可知，蜗牛在适应了以后又探头出来了。故选D。
75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：给自己时间从内到外滋养自己，等待合适的时机重新进入激动人心的生活，这是非常有益的，也是值得的。A. reason理由；B. position位置；C. moment时机；D. choice选择。根据后文“to reenter the exciting life”以及空格前后语境可知，在内外滋养以后，等待合适的时机重新进入激动人心的生活，是有益的，值得的。故选C。
6.（2023·河北·高三唐山市丰南区第一中学校考）
My son was one of the students who served as a volunteer in different services while in a high school. Nowadays it is 76 for high schools to have a volunteer service hour minimum as a part of their graduation 77 .
One day, I asked him why he worked long hours voluntarily every week. He gave me a reply 78 his years. He said, “Mom, you should not do community service just because it was assigned and you just need to 79 it in. You should do it because of the effects it has.” In many ways his opinion is 80 reasonable, and though the service hour requirement actually does get students to participate in volunteer work in their communities, does it 81 them to volunteer in the future
In some cases, no. A study found that when 8th graders in some schools were asked to accumulate 82 volunteer hours, those same students were no longer doing any service by their senior year of high school. It 83 that compulsory volunteer hours led to a “potential loss in long-term volunteering”. 84 , other researchers discovered that young people were more likely to vote and attend civic life in other ways as a result of their 85 to community service in high school.
If teens 86 the significance of doing volunteer work and do it with a bit of enthusiasm, serving others in their communities will bring in a lot of unexpected 87 . My son’s exposure to a variety of non-profits during his high school years led him to receive a 88 scholarship for college, where he is now required to complete seventy-five hours per semester. But to him, this is 89 a requirement; actually he has benefited a lot more than that. 90 is what he has always wanted to do.
76．A．inevitable B．common C．convenient D．flexible
77．A．achievements B．ceremony C．requirements D．celebration
78．A．beyond B．of C．within D．to
79．A．take B．let C．bring D．turn
80．A．initially B．merely C．absolutely D．previously
81．A．inspire B．force C．expect D．persuade
82．A．tough B．random C．specific D．miserable
83．A．advocated B．recommended C．assured D．concluded
84．A．Moreover B．However C．Subsequently D．Similarly
85．A．response B．resistance C．access D．exposure
86．A．neglect B．stress C．recognize D．weigh
87．A．benefits B．requests C．consequences D．effects
88．A．conception B．service C．privilege D．anticipation
89．A．free from B．nothing but C．but for D．far from
90．A．Going back B．Giving back C．Taking back D．Looking back
【答案】
76．B 77．C 78．A 79．D 80．C 81．A 82．C 83．D 84．B 85．D 86．C 87．A 88．B 89．D 90．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子按照学校要求去完成志愿服务时间，但他并不仅仅把这当作任务，而是发自内心地去做，他也从中获益很多。
76．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，作为高中毕业要求的一部分，志愿服务时间的最低要求是很普遍的。A. inevitable不可避免的；B. common普遍的，常见的；C. convenient方便的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“My son was one of the students who served as a volunteer in different services while in a high school”可知，高中生会去做各种志愿者工作，所以这里应是说高中普遍要求最低志愿服务时间。故选B。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，作为高中毕业要求的一部分，志愿服务时间的最低要求是很普遍的。A. achievements成就；B. ceremony仪式；C. requirements必要条件，要求；D. celebration庆祝活动。根据第5空后的的“the service hour requirement actually does get students to participate in volunteer work in their communities”可知，学校将最低志愿服务时间作为毕业要求的一部分。故选C。
78．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他给我的答复超出了他的年龄。A. beyond超出；B. of......的；C. within在……之内；D. to朝。根据下文作者儿子的话“Mom, you should not do community service just because it was assigned and you just need to ___4___ it in. You should do it because of the effects it has”可知，作者儿子的话非常深刻，这种思想超出了他这个年龄段应有的深度。故选A。
79．考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：妈妈，你做社区服务不应该仅仅因为它是分配的任务而就去完成它。A. take拿，take in意为“收留，欺骗”；B. let让，let in意为“让……进来”；C. bring带来，bring in意为“引进”；D. turn（使）转向，turn in意为“上交，完成”。根据前面的“it was assigned”可知，这里是说不能因为社区服务是学校分配的任务并且需要完成它，你才去做，“完成”是turn in。故选D。
80．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，他的观点是绝对合理的，尽管服务时间的要求确实能让学生参与到社区的志愿工作中来，但这能激励他们在未来做志愿者吗？A. initially最初；B. merely仅仅；C. absolutely绝对地，完全地；D. previously先前地。根据上文“In many ways his opinion”可知，他的观点是绝对合理的，故选C。
81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，他的观点是绝对合理的，尽管服务时间的要求确实能让学生参与到社区的志愿工作中来，但这能激励他们在未来做志愿者吗？A. inspire激励；B. force强迫；C. expect期待；D. persuade说服。根据下文中的“In some cases, no”和“those same students were no longer doing any service by their senior year of high school”可知，强制志愿时间让学生们在高中最后一年不再想做任何服务，由此可知，这里是对学校强制志愿工作是否激励学生未来继续做志愿工作表示疑问。故选A。
82．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项研究发现，当一些学校的八年级学生被要求积累特定的志愿者时间时，这些学生在高中最后一年就不再做任何服务了。A. tough艰难的；B. random随机的；C. specific特定的；D. miserable痛苦的。根据第一段中的“have a volunteer service hour minimum”可知，学校普遍有最低志愿服务时间，所以他们要求学生积累特定的服务时间。故选C。
83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究得出的结论是，强制性的志愿服务时间会导致“长期志愿服务的潜在损失”。A. advocated提倡；B. recommended推荐；C. assured使确信；D. concluded做出结论。根据空后的“that compulsory volunteer hours led to a “potential loss in long-term volunteering””可知，这里是对前面研究的发现所做出的结论。故选D。
84．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他研究人员发现，由于年轻人在高中时接触过社区服务，他们更有可能以其他方式投票和参与公民生活。A. Moreover另外；B. However然而；C. Subsequently随后；D. Similarly相似地。上文的“A study found that when 8th graders in some schools were asked to accumulate ___7___volunteer hours, those same students were no longer doing any service by their senior year of high school”讲述了一项研究发现在高中做过志愿服务的学生在高中最后一年不再做任何志愿工作，空后“other researchers discovered that young people were more likely to vote and attend civic life in other ways as a result of their ___10___to community service in high school”讲述了有高中志愿工作经历的人在以后的生活中更可能投票并参与公民生活，前后的两种研究发现形成对比，应用however。故选B。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他研究人员发现，由于年轻人在高中时接触过社区服务，他们更有可能以其他方式投票和参与公民生活。A. response回答；B. resistance抵抗；C. access（使用或见到的）机会，权利；D. exposure接触，体验。根据第12空后的“My son’s exposure to a variety of non-profits during his high school years”可知，这里指在高中体验社区服务工作。故选D。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果青少年认识到做志愿者工作的重要性，并带着一点热情去做，那么在他们的社区为他人服务将会带来许多意想不到的好处。A. neglect忽视；B. stress强调；C. recognize识别；D. weigh权衡。根据空后的“the significance of doing volunteer work”可知，这里指青少年意识到做志愿工作的重要性。故选C。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果青少年认识到做志愿者工作的重要性，并带着一点热情去做，那么在他们的社区为他人服务将会带来许多意想不到的好处。A. benefits益处；B. requests要求，请求；C. consequences结果，后果；D. effects影响。根据下文中的“he has benefited a lot more than that”可知，做志愿工作会给人带来意想不到的好处。故选A。
88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子在高中期间接触了各种各样的非营利组织，这使他获得了大学的服务奖学金，现在他每学期必须完成75个小时的学习。A. conception概念；B. service服务；C. privilege特权；D. anticipation预期，预料。根据第一段“My son was one of the students who served as a volunteer in different services while in a high school”可知，作者的儿子参与各种志愿服务，获得了大学的服务奖学金。故选B。
89．考查固定短语辨析。句意：但对他来说，这远远不是一个要求；事实上，他受益的远不止这些。A. free from不受……伤害（或影响等的）；B. nothing but只有；C. but for要不是；D. far from远非。根据下文中的“he has benefited a lot more than that”可知，作者的儿子从做志愿服务工作中获益很多，所以每学期完成75小时的志愿服务工作远不是一项要求，空格处意为“远非”。故选D。
90．考查动词短语辨析。句意：回馈社会是他一直想做的事情。A. Going back返回；B. Giving back回报；C. Taking back退还；D. Looking back回顾。根据上文可知，本文围绕“volunteer work”进行论述，而志愿工作是一种公益性的回馈社会的行为，所以这里是说儿子一直想回馈，也就是回报社会。故选B。
7.（2024·辽宁大连·高三统考期末）
One day, a girl came upon a cocoon, and she could tell that a butterfly was trying to 91 . She waited and watched the butterfly struggle for hours to 92 itself from the tiny hole. 93 , the butterfly stopped moving, it seemed to be 94 . The girl then decided to help get the butterfly out and with a pair of scissors cut open the cocoon. The butterfly was then 95 able to escape. However, its body was swollen (肿胀的) and its wings were 96 .
The girl still thought she had done the butterfly a favor as she sat there waiting for its wings to grow in order to 97 its body. That wasn’t happening. The butterfly was unable to fly, and for the rest of its life, it could only move by crawling around with little wings and a 98 body. Despite the girl’s good intentions, she didn’t understand that the 99 of the butterfly’s cocoon and the struggle the butterfly had to 100 in order to escape served an important purpose. As butterflies 101 from tight cocoons and stretch wings out, it forces liquid from their body into their wings to prepare them to be able to fly.
The 102 that we face in life help us grow and get stronger. There is often a reason behind the requirement of being 103 and persistent. When bearing difficult times, we will develop the necessary 104 that we’ll need in the future. Without having any struggles, we won’t grow, which means it’s very important to 105 personal challenges ourselves rather than relying on other people to always help us.
91．A．hatch B．hang C．swing D．nest
92．A．trap B．release C．wrap D．throw
93．A．Even so B．Sooner or later C．All of a sudden D．As usual
94．A．scared B．sought C．kicked D．stuck
95．A．easily B．hardly C．merely D．slightly
96．A．overestimated B．underdeveloped C．overgrown D．underfed
97．A．protect B．shade C．support D．survive
98．A．tiny B．skinny C．strong D．large
99．A．conservation B．restriction C．tension D．variation
100．A．come out B．pull up C．go through D．leave off
101．A．run B．recover C．generate D．emerge
102．A．struggles B．adventures C．details D．guidelines
103．A．industrious B．tolerant C．superior D．straightforward
104．A．carefulness B．strength C．optimism D．patience
105．A．hold onto B．turn down C．take on D．bring up
【答案】
91．A 92．B 93．C 94．D 95．A 96．B 97．C 98．D 99．B 100．C 101．D 102．A 103．A 104．B 105．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一个小女孩自以为是帮助蝴蝶破茧却导致蝴蝶无法飞翔的故事告诉我们，和蝴蝶一样，我们也要经历生命中必要的挣扎和奋斗才能成长，不能一味地依靠他人的帮助。
91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个女孩偶然发现了一个茧，她看得出来一只蝴蝶正试图孵化。A. hatch孵化；B. hang悬挂；C. swing摆动；D. nest筑巢。根据前文“a girl came upon a cocoon”及“a butterfly”可知，蝴蝶正试图从茧中孵化。故选A项。
92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她等了好几个小时，看着蝴蝶挣扎着从小洞里挣脱出来。A. trap困住；B. release释放；C. wrap包裹；D. throw扔掉。根据前文“a butterfly was trying to ____1___”可知，蝴蝶正试图破茧而出。故选B项。
93．考查固定短语辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动，似乎被卡住了。A. Even so尽管如此；B. Sooner or later迟早；C. All of a sudden突然；D. As usual像往常一样。根据后文“the butterfly stopped moving”可知，在蝴蝶破茧的过程中突然停止不动了。故选C项。
94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动，似乎被卡住了。A. scared使害怕；B. sought寻找；C. kicked踢腿；D. stuck卡住。根据后文“The girl then decided to help get the butterfly out ”可知，蝴蝶卡住不动了，所以小女孩决定帮助它。故选D项。
95．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶很容易就逃脱了。A. easily容易地；B. hardly几乎不；C. merely仅仅；D. slightly略微。根据前文“The girl then decided to help get the butterfly out and with a pair of scissors cut open the cocoon”可知，女孩把茧剪开，蝴蝶很容易就出来了。故选A项。
96．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，它的身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。 A. overestimated高估的；B. underdeveloped发育不全的；C. overgrown生长过快的；D. underfed营养不良的。根据前文“its body was swollen and its wings were”及后文“waiting for its wings to grow”可知，蝴蝶身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。故选B项。
97．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女孩坐在那里等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体时，她仍然认为自己帮了蝴蝶一个忙。A. protect保护；B. shade遮阳；C. support支持；D. survive幸存。根据前文“waiting for its wings to grow”及后文“its body”可知，女孩等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体。故选C项。
98．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶不会飞，在它的余生中，它只能依靠小小的翅膀和巨大的身体到处爬行。A. tiny微小的；B. skinny皮包骨的；C. strong强壮的；D. large巨大的。根据前文“That wasn’t happening.”及“move by crawling around with little wings”可知，蝴蝶并没有长出可以支撑它身体的翅膀，和它小小的翅膀相比，身体会长大。故选D项。
99．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. conservation交谈；B. restriction限制；C. tension紧张；D. variation变化。根据后文“the butterfly’s cocoon”及“ tight cocoons”可知，茧对蝴蝶来说是一种必不可少的限制。故选B项。
100．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. come out出现；B. pull up停车；C. go through经历；D. leave off中断。根据前文“the struggle”可知，蝴蝶破茧需要经历挣扎和奋斗。故选C项。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当蝴蝶从紧绷的茧中钻出来，展开翅膀时，它会迫使体内的液体进入翅膀，为它们飞行做准备。A. run跑步；B. recover恢复；C. generate生产；D. emerge出现。根据后文“from tight cocoons and stretch wings out”可知，当蝴蝶破茧而出后，会展开双翅。故选D项。
102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在生活中面临的挣扎帮助我们成长并变得更强大。A. struggles挣扎；B. adventures冒险；C. details细节；D. guidelines指导方针。根据前文“the struggle the butterfly had to ____10___”可知，人和蝴蝶一样，也要经历必要的挣扎才能成长。故选A项。
103．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要求勤奋和坚持不懈的背后往往是有原因的。A. industrious勤勉的；B. tolerant容忍的；C. superior优越的；D. straightforward直率的。根据后文“and persistent”可知，此处强调面对困境所需要的坚毅的品质，要勤勉坚持。故选A项。
104．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们面对困难的时候，我们会培养出我们将来需要的必要力量A. carefulness仔细；B. strength力量；C. optimism乐观；D. patience耐心。根据前文“being ___13___and persistent. When bearing difficult times”可知，养成了勤勉坚持的品质，才有克服困境的力量。故选B项。
105．考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有任何挣扎，我们就不会成长，这意味着自己接受个人挑战而不是依靠别人总是帮助我们是非常重要的。A. hold onto抓住；B. turn down拒绝；C. take on接受；D. bring up抚养。根据后文“personal challenges ourselves rather than relying on other people to always help us”可知，自己要接受挑战，而不是一味地依靠别人的帮助。故选C项。
8.（2024·河北·高三石家庄精英中学校联考期末）
A little girl was enjoying the beautiful garden in her home. Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants, which he 106 with great care.
The girl was 107 by a plant full of delicate flowers. She approached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she 108 that the plant was in a pile of filth (污秽). She could not tolerate the 109 of dirt with such fantastic flowers.
She worked out a plan to clean the plant. She 110 the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its 111 in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant on a clean stone and went away, proud that she had done a great 112 .
Later the little daughter ran over, followed by her father, to 113 her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reported 114 .
To spot the uprooted plant, which had lain 115 in the baking sun, the father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant and told her that the filthy soil was the best 116 to grow that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes 117 soil for each plant. 118 , God provides each of us with the best 119 required for optimum (最佳) spiritual growth. But it may appear to be 120 and we may even complain to God about our difficulty.
106．A．attended to B．brought up C．weeded out D．fed on
107．A．caught B．attracted C．attacked D．shocked
108．A．recalled B．noted C．recognized D．concluded
109．A．iformation B．presentation C．presence D．composition
110．A．held B．picked C．pulled D．removed
111．A．flowers B．branches C．leaves D．roots
112．A．deed B．deal C．operation D．project
113．A．confirm B．exhibit C．evaluate D．celebrate
114．A．innocently B．distantly C．decisively D．thoughtlessly
115．A．burning B．bathing C．breathing D．dying
116．A．shelter B．medicine C．medium D．venue
117．A．right B．same C．dirty D．loose
118．A．Moreover B．Likewise C．Rather D．Nevertheless
119．A．environment B．mode C．neighborhood D．opportunity
120．A．invisible B．disorganized C．improper D．unpleasant
【答案】
106．A 107．B 108．B 109．C 110．C 111．D 112．A 113．B 114．A 115．D 116．C 117．A 118．B 119．A 120．D
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了女孩被家里一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引，但是她发现这颗植物生长在污秽中，于是将植物连根拔起，并冲洗了根部的泥土，这导致了植物死掉了，女孩的父亲告诉女孩污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。文章由此告诉我们，好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合适合的土壤，同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境，虽然成长过程中有一些令人不愉快的困难，但这些苦难会帮助我们成长。
106．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她的父亲收藏了大量稀有珍贵的植物，并精心照料。A. attended to照料；B. brought up抚养；C. weeded out清除；D. fed on喂养。由上文“Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants”可知，女孩的父亲收藏了大量稀有珍贵的植物，这说明他很喜欢这些植物，所以会精心照料这些植物，故选A。
107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩被一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引。A. caught抓住；B. attracted吸引；C. attacked攻击；D. shocked使震惊。由下文“She approached it and admired its striking beauty.”可知，女孩走近一株开满娇嫩花朵，欣赏它的美丽，这说明女孩被这一株开满娇嫩花朵所吸引，故选B。
108．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然她注意到那棵植物在一堆污物中。A. recalled回想；B. noted注意；C. recognized识别；D. concluded总结。下文“that the plant was in a pile of filth (污秽)”和上文提到女孩正在欣赏一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物，这时她突然注意到那棵植物在一堆污物中，故选B。
109．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她无法忍受如此美妙的花朵上有泥土的存在。A. iformation信息；B. presentation仪式，报告；C. presence出席，存在；D. composition作曲。由上文“the plant was in a pile of filth”提到的这株植物生长在一堆污物中可知，这个花朵上存有泥土，故选C。
110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用尽全力把植物从泥土中拔出来，用流动的自来水冲洗它的根部，直到所有污垢都被冲走。A. held举办；B. picked挑选；C. pulled拉，拔；D. removed移除。由下文“plant with all her might from the dirt”和上文提到的“She worked out a plan to clean the plant.”女孩要清洗这株植物可知，她先将这株植物从泥土中拔出来，故选C。
111．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用尽全力把植物从泥土中拔出来，用流动的自来水冲洗它的根部，直到所有污垢都被冲走。A. flowers花朵；B. branches树枝；C. leaves叶子；D. roots根。由下文“To spot the uprooted plant, which had lain ________ in the baking sun, the father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant and told her that the filthy soil was the best ________to grow that plant.”提到的女孩的父亲告诉女孩污秽的土壤是植物生长的最佳环境，由此可知，女孩应该是把根部的泥土冲洗干净了，这导致了植物的死亡，故选D。
112．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她把植物放在一块干净的石头上，然后离开，她为自己做了一件伟大的事而感到自豪。A. deed行为；B. deal交易；C. operation手术；D. project项目。由上文“She ________ the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its________ in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away.”可知，此处指女孩将这株植物拔起来冲洗它根部的这种行为，故选A。
113．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来小女儿将父亲喊过来，向他展示她的成就。A. confirm确认；B. exhibit展示；C. evaluate评估；D. celebrate庆祝。由下文““I have cleaned it, Daddy,””可知，小女孩告诉父亲自己将这株植物清洗赶紧了，这是在向她父亲展示她的成果，故选B。
114．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我已经把它清理干净了，爸爸。”她天真地报告道。A. innocently无罪地；天真地；B. distantly遥远地；C. decisively果断地；D. thoughtlessly草率地。由上文““I have cleaned it, Daddy,””和上文提到小女孩将父亲喊过来，向他展示她清洗这株植物根部的成果可知，女孩很天真地以为自己做了一件好事，故选A。
115．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让她了解那棵在烈日下垂死的被连根拔起的植物，父亲向她展示了她对待这款植物的方式几乎杀死了这棵植物，并告诉她污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。A. burning燃烧；B. bathing洗澡；C. breathing呼吸；D. dying死亡。由下文“Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.”可知，这株植物死掉了，故选D。
116．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让她了解那棵在烈日下垂死的被连根拔起的植物，父亲向她展示了她对待这款植物的方式几乎杀死了这棵植物，并告诉她污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。A. shelter避难所；B. medicine药；C. medium媒体，环境；D. venue地点。由上文“the filthy soil was the best”和常识可知，污秽的土壤对植物成长有利，即污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。故选C。
117．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伟大的园丁会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。A. right正确的，合适的；B. same同样的；C. dirty脏的；D. loose松的。由下文“God provides each of us with the best”和常识可知，好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。故选A。
118．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境。A. Moreover此外；B. Likewise同样地；C. Rather而不是；D. Nevertheless然而。下文“God provides each of us with the best _________ required for optimum (最佳) spiritual growth.”和上文“A great gardener mixes ________soil for each plant.”表示相似的情况，应用likewise，表示“同样地”，故选B。
119．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境。A. environment环境；B. mode模式；C. neighborhood邻居；D. opportunity机会。上文“the filthy soil was the best________ to grow that plant.”提到污秽的土壤是生长植物的最佳环境，结合上文提到好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合合适的土壤可知，好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合适合的土壤，即为它们提供所需的生长环境，同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境，故选A。
120．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这可能看起来不愉快，我们甚至可能向上帝抱怨我们的困难。A. invisible看不见的；B. disorganized没有秩序的；C. improper不合适的；D. unpleasant令人不快的。由下文“we may even complain to God about our difficulty.”和上文提到的上帝我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境，就像植物生长多需要的污秽一样，由此可知，我们的精神成长也需要一些困难，这可能看起来不愉快，但是会对我们的成长有好处，故选D。
9.（2024·辽宁沈阳·统考一模）
While enjoying my fresh lunch in a restaurant in Amsterdam, I noticed something odd. Customers coming in for something to eat ignored the person standing behind the counter (柜台), preferring to 121 through a smart phone.
What was the crazy thing about this They were just several 122 apart! In fact, they were so close that the staff member took a quick 123 at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables—all without any words 124 . Now, I get it: Modern technology allows us to be more 125 , but I might be witnessing something deeper: we prefer not to talk to each other anymore.
Think about it for a moment. When was the last time you naturally 126 a conversation with somebody you didn’t know The chances are that you don’t even 127 ! Likely either you or the other person was “busy” with other things like 128 with a smartphone. Now, with the 129 of digital technologies, one can’t help but pay the 130 for modern efficiency: our ability to talk to strangers.
We shop, 131 a hotel, or order a taxi, all via an app. 132 with random strangers is becoming rarer and rarer. Yet there are surprising 133 of having even a short and simple conversation with strangers. You might learn something 134 , and beyond doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and 135 a special bond in our modern world.
121．A．talk B．call C．order D．deliver
122．A．meters B．millimeters C．kilometers D．centimeters
123．A．chance B．turn C．look D．test
124．A．spoken B．written C．typed D．mentioned
125．A．efficient B．enthusiastic C．effective D．energetic
126．A．ended up B．engaged in C．made up D．went on
127．A．hear B．believe C．remember D．understand
128．A．recording B．studying C．playing D．calculating
129．A．idea B．aim C．problem D．rise
130．A．cash B．price C．debt D．tax
131．A．decorate B．book C．build D．repair
132．A．Contact B．Work C．Quarrel D．Reunion
133．A．interests B．benefits C．disadvantages D．influences
134．A．unrealistic B．unsuitable C．unreasonable D．unexpected
135．A．serves as B．refers to C．accounts for D．consists of
【答案】
121．C 122．D 123．C 124．A 125．A 126．B 127．C 128．C 129．D 130．B 131．B 132．A 133．B 134．D 135．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了随着数字技术的兴起，人们通过手机来完成生活中的各种事情，从而失去了和陌生人说话的能力。
121．考查动词词义辨析。句意：来吃东西的顾客忽略了站在柜台后面的人，他们更喜欢通过智能手机点餐。A. talk谈话；B. call呼叫；C. order预定；D. deliver传送。根据下文“through a smart phone”可知，在餐馆中顾客是通过智能手机点餐。故选C项。
122．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只相距几厘米！A. meters米；B. millimeters毫米；C. kilometers千米；D. centimeters厘米。根据下文“they were so close that the staff member took a quick___3____at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables”可知，工作人员能看到顾客的手机屏幕，故他们相距只有几厘米远。故选D项。
123．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们离得太近了，以至于工作人员快速看了一眼屏幕，就可以抢先一步挑选合适的蔬菜——所有这些都没有说话。A. chance机会；B. turn转动；C. look看；D. test测验。根据上文“they were so close”及下文“at his screen”可知，工作人员可以看到顾客的手机屏幕。故选C项。
124．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们离得太近了，以至于工作人员快速看了一眼屏幕，就可以抢先一步挑选合适的蔬菜——所有这些都没有说话。A. spoken说；B. written写；C. typed打字；D. mentioned专题14 完形填空通关练
（夹叙夹议文）
完形填空解题策略
名校优选完形填空专项通关练
【解题策略】
完形填空常考体裁为记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议文。夹叙夹议文完形填空以叙为主，叙议结合。思路跳跃性强，记叙和议论在文中会交错运用。有时在记叙的基础上发出议论，有时由议论引出记叙。夹叙夹议类完形填空结构清晰，主题明确，内容贴近考生的生活实际，积极传递正能量。或告诉读者一个道理，或给人带来乐趣，或引人启示。解答夹叙夹议类完形填空时思维要灵活，随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。
解题步骤
速读浏览大意：快速阅读全文，通过浏览全文，领会大意，了解文章体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节和写作风格等。
初填扣文意：先易后难，瞻前顾后，紧扣全文内容展开逻辑推理。注意从上下文中寻找线索，同时注意句法、词汇的意义、搭配等多角度综合考虑。
复读再核查：根据多角度衡量试填后，把全文再通读一遍，确保用词准确、语义连贯。所选答案填入空格处应当做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整、逻辑严谨、首尾呼应。
解题策略
1. 利用首句信息: 完形填空题首句往往不设空。首句往往是全文的关键线索句，可以确定文章的主题。应充分解读首句提示，为解题找到方向和突破口。
2. 上下求索找线索：根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空的关键。从近年高考真题看，高考完形越来越侧重对语篇的考查，信息的逻辑推理判断。单词的考查以实词为主，虚词为辅。侧重动词（短语）、名词、形容词的考查。词语在特定语境中所表达的隐含信息需借助上下文甚至全文语境的限定才能准确得出答案。
3. 文化背景、生活常识找线索：解题时，需调动文化背景知识和生活常识，同时还应当注意中西方文化的差异。
4. 语篇标志性逻辑词找线索：句子与句子之间，语篇之中经常给出表明逻辑关系的词语如，语篇标志性逻辑词找线索：句子与句子之间，语篇之中经常给出表明逻辑关系的词语如，表示时间关系的before, so far, yet, now, later, from now/then on,等。
表示结构层次的firstly, secondly, thirdly, besides等。
表示因果关系的so, therefore, because, thus, since, as, owing to, due to等。
表示转折关系的but, however, while, on the other hand等。
表示并列关系的and, also, as well se等。
习惯用法和词语辨析：从近年高考真题看，词、词组的词语辨析试题比重呈加大的趋势。主要考查习惯用法、同义词、近义词等。
【名校优选专项通关练】
1.（2024·重庆·高三重庆一中高三试题）
I’m a mom of two teenagers, and I often visit Disney theme parks alone to recharge.
These trips give me a break from my daily 1 and some much needed alone time. If you’re 2 what a mom at Disney should do all on her own, here is what I did during a recent stay at the Four Seasons Resort on Disney World.
When I checked in online before my visit, the hotel 3 me to choose the type of bedding I preferred. Since I didn’t have to think about anyone else’s 4 I chose a pillow mattress topper and microfiber pillows, sleeping like a baby, right in the center of the bed, 5 by pillows, for the night. My hotel 6 several works from the Disney fine artist DomCorona, so I spent time walking through it and seeing his art, which normally my kids would have found 7 . I waited in line to meet my favorite Disney character and took a moment to 8 for a photo with Donald Duck. However, my children would never want to stand in 9 long lines for this experience. My hotel room had a(n) 10 oversized bathtub, so I was soaked (浸泡) in a bubble bath with a glass of wine. Since no one else was around to control the 11 , I could watch a movie I’d been wanting to see for a long time. Finally, I watched fireworks in my pajamas.
12 began to slip in while lying lazily by the hotel’s pool The answer is NO! Your kids won’t have such burden either and they may 13 it when you have a break from them. Moms are no 14 to the idea that self care is important. You’re one of your child’s most important models and taking time to 15 yourself and have fun shows your kids that adulthood isn’t all work and no play.
1．A．challenges B．anxieties C．fantasies D．responsibilities
2．A．seeking B．wondering C．discussing D．researching
3．A．allowed B．commanded C．encouraged D．persuaded
4．A．preferences B．suggestions C．requirements D．attitudes
5．A．impressed B．covered C．surrounded D．occupied
6．A．purchased B．accumulated C．featured D．possessed
7．A．thrilling B．amazing C．interesting D．boring
8．A．pose B．ask C．sign D．bid
9．A．always B．frequently C．occasionally D．seldom
10．A．shocking B．comforting C．admiring D．inviting
11．A．schedule B．programme C．expense D．remote
12．A．Doubt B．Satisfaction C．Guilt D．Emptiness
13．A．hate B．like C．feel D．respect
14．A．strangers B．acquaintances C．participants D．determiners
15．A．adapt B．recharge C．supply D．improve
2.（2024·山东青岛·高三统考期末）
What will we be doing in ten years’ time Can we become the person we aim to be Will we get into the school of our 16 Clearly, having plans for the future doesn’t mean they will become 17 . For us, it is how we live that matters.
The young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had 18 worked as a doctor in London. But Doyle’ main 19 was to writing historical novels and get 20 in the academic field. However, 21 , it was not his published historical novels but the Sherlock Holmes detective stories, which Doyle wrote as a doctor, that became a 22 of the time.
After Sherlock Holmes made him a(n) 23 name, Doyle gave up medicine and entirely turned to writing historical novels, which was his early 24 . The public, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes, so Doyle had no 25 but to kill off the famous detective in a novel in 1893 to 26 his “serious” writing. Later, requested by 27 fans of Holmes, Doyle was forced to bring Holmes back to life. Doyle’s published historical novels have remained largely 28 , but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for years.
Extremely successful and known, Doyle’s career failed to turn out as 29 , though. However, it still shows us a(n) 30 that whatever the future unfolds for us, just live the life to the full.
16．A．community B．mind C．choice D．childhood
17．A．empty B．real C．useful D．meaningful
18．A．accidentally B．happily C．originally D．devotedly
19．A．relief B．comfort C．idea D．ambition
20．A．accepted B．required C．invited D．recommended
21．A．hopefully B．interestingly C．obviously D．thankfully
22．A．hit B．signal C．sign D．display
23．A．common B．household C．unexpected D．amazing
24．A．belief B．approach C．access D．intention
25．A．time B．application C．manners D．option
26．A．focus on B．transform C．leave behind D．taste
27．A．funny B．graceful C．crazy D．humorous
28．A．forgotten B．lost C．refused D．collected
29．A．pictured B．advised C．thought D．planned
30．A．exhibition B．lesson C．offer D．requirement
3.（2024·山东·高三山东省实验中学校考）
Star Wars Episode I was out! Five of us guys decided to drive an hour to Champaign to see the movie. The Lorraine Theatres had a widespread 31 as having the best sound system.
In two cars, we 32 to a 4:30 p. m. showing. It was a great day in May. The theatre was found on a small-town main street. Arriving at 4: 20 p. m., we 33 in the parking lot. But there weren’t other parked cars. We thought maybe the daytime 34 was slowing down since the movie had been out for a couple weeks.
Approaching the theatre, we found the doors locked. Just as we finished 35 the doors, out came the owner. He told us the theatre had 36 the 4:30 showing three days before, apologizing that he hadn’t had a chance to 37 the webpage yet because his laptop was in for repair.
He asked us where we had come from, and we told him. After minutes of small talk, I said 38 , “So you are to show it anyway ” He looked at his watch, thought a bit and then 39 ! We paid him the 40 price, and he even let us buy snacks. It was lucky that we had correct 41 for everything because he couldn’t get into the cash register.
It struck me that it would have been 42 for him to say “Tough luck” and sent us back. Instead, he chose to start up his 43 . I’ve no idea of the 44 costs, but I’d wonder if the profit of five tickets and a few snacks would be enough to 45 them. We were all grateful that we were treated so kindly by a total stranger.
31．A．confidence B．commitment C．reputation D．resource
32．A．headed B．appealed C．submitted D．led
33．A．broke up B．speeded up C．pulled up D．showed up
34．A．schedule B．budget C．duration D．business
35．A．opening B．trying C．unlocking D．answering
36．A．called B．stopped C．returned D．stored
37．A．update B．overcome C．transform D．design
38．A．secretly B．anxiously C．desperately D．jokingly
39．A．rejected B．agreed C．hesitated D．departed
40．A．affordable B．temporary C．regular D．common
41．A．change B．credit C．ticket D．choice
42．A．reasonable B．sensitive C．cruel D．sympathetic
43．A．performance B．patience C．solution D．equipment
44．A．generating B．operating C．describing D．purchasing
45．A．pay B．charge C．cover D．reward
4.（2024·广东·模拟预测）
I simply woke up one morning with a wish to return to Huntington and do something. It was hard to 46 my thoughts. The only person I knew there was my mother, and she and I didn’t 47 . While I was growing up, I never felt 48 to her. She hardly hugged me or held my hand. At the age of 15, I learned Momhad a rare disease. That may have explained her 49 , but for a daughter who wanted to get her mother’s love, the fact couldn’t remove the 50 she had caused.
When I finally arrived home, I rang the doorbell 51 . Mom opened the door, stone-faced. Despite that, I lived nearby and visited almost every day out of a sense of 52 . When Mom’s condition became 53 , I became her full-time caregiver. Some time later, Mom’s disease progressed, and her 54 seemed to have changed. She became 55 and easy to communicate with. She spoke a lot about her younger days, as if she were 56 those days again. One day, in her room, she took hold of my hand. She’d never 57 me in such a way. And she talked about some 58 , including family and friends. As she spoke, she held my hand in hers with the love and tenderness (温柔) I’d 59 my whole life.
Mom died peacefully a few years later. But I always remember the moment when she held my hand. And I never 60 my decision to stay with her when she was in need.
46．A．affect B．limit C．describe D．spread
47．A．settle down B．start off C．show up D．get along
48．A．rude B．close C．generous D．strange
49．A．behavior B．dream C．choice D．concern
50．A．trouble B．accident C．hurt D．doubt
51．A．nervously B．curiously C．confidently D．sadly
52．A．honor B．duty C．loss D．emptiness
53．A．satisfying B．normal C．important D．worrying
54．A．ability B．hobby C．personality D．lifestyle
55．A．annoyed B．disappointed C．serious D．sweet
56．A．wasting B．experiencing C．hiding D．recording
57．A．understood B．punished C．mentioned D．touched
58．A．memories B．suggestions C．challenges D．disasters
59．A．relied on B．longed for C．complained of D．turned down
60．A．value B．complete C．regret D．consider
5.（2024·山西临汾·校联考模拟预测）
I wasn’t raised to be a fan of snails (蜗牛). I was always taught that if we see a snail on a plant, we should pick it off and 61 on it. This brought us the kind of giggly (咯咯傻笑的) 62 that only children experience. We loved it. However, my 63 on snails has changed, as I’ve grown older. They bring me a different kind of happiness.
The first time I thought of snails as more than a 64 was when I saw something that 65 me in my garden. A small snail, 66 a hard shell, moved slowly toward one 67 bud and explored it. The exploration lasted for quite a while and, 68 enough, the bud turned into a full bloom. Watching the snail carefully touching the flower 69 me of the lyric: “Snails see the beauty in every inch.” I realized that the snail is probably a best representation of 70 and taking life slowly.
Then, I 71 the snail in my palm. It was scared by the sudden move and immediately 72 back into its shell. I thought it would 73 inside for several minutes, but shortly after gutting used to the takeaway, the snail poked its head out again. It was not just hiding but 74 .
Giving ourselves time to nourish (滋养) inside and out, and waiting for the right 75 to reenter the exciting life, is extremely restorative and worthwhile.
61．A．knock B．stamp C．lean D．click
62．A．relief B．satisfaction C．sympathy D．scare
63．A．view B．focus C．debate D．article
64．A．pet B．toy C．pest D．mascot
65．A．puzzles B．interests C．comforts D．distracts
66．A．dragging B．using C．lifting D．pushing
67．A．eye-catching B．breathtaking C．familiar-looking D．half-blooming
68．A．magically B．secretly C．swiftly D．silently
69．A．cured B．reminded C．warned D．informed
70．A．curiosity B．excitement C．calmness D．eagerness
71．A．placed B．covered C．stuck D．wrapped
72．A．stepped B．drew C．crawled D．walked
73．A．wander B．sleep C．hide D．struggle
74．A．competing B．resisting C．exploring D．adjusting
75．A．reason B．position C．moment D．choice
6.（2023·河北·高三唐山市丰南区第一中学校考）
My son was one of the students who served as a volunteer in different services while in a high school. Nowadays it is 76 for high schools to have a volunteer service hour minimum as a part of their graduation 77 .
One day, I asked him why he worked long hours voluntarily every week. He gave me a reply 78 his years. He said, “Mom, you should not do community service just because it was assigned and you just need to 79 it in. You should do it because of the effects it has.” In many ways his opinion is 80 reasonable, and though the service hour requirement actually does get students to participate in volunteer work in their communities, does it 81 them to volunteer in the future
In some cases, no. A study found that when 8th graders in some schools were asked to accumulate 82 volunteer hours, those same students were no longer doing any service by their senior year of high school. It 83 that compulsory volunteer hours led to a “potential loss in long-term volunteering”. 84 , other researchers discovered that young people were more likely to vote and attend civic life in other ways as a result of their 85 to community service in high school.
If teens 86 the significance of doing volunteer work and do it with a bit of enthusiasm, serving others in their communities will bring in a lot of unexpected 87 . My son’s exposure to a variety of non-profits during his high school years led him to receive a 88 scholarship for college, where he is now required to complete seventy-five hours per semester. But to him, this is 89 a requirement; actually he has benefited a lot more than that. 90 is what he has always wanted to do.
76．A．inevitable B．common C．convenient D．flexible
77．A．achievements B．ceremony C．requirements D．celebration
78．A．beyond B．of C．within D．to
79．A．take B．let C．bring D．turn
80．A．initially B．merely C．absolutely D．previously
81．A．inspire B．force C．expect D．persuade
82．A．tough B．random C．specific D．miserable
83．A．advocated B．recommended C．assured D．concluded
84．A．Moreover B．However C．Subsequently D．Similarly
85．A．response B．resistance C．access D．exposure
86．A．neglect B．stress C．recognize D．weigh
87．A．benefits B．requests C．consequences D．effects
88．A．conception B．service C．privilege D．anticipation
89．A．free from B．nothing but C．but for D．far from
90．A．Going back B．Giving back C．Taking back D．Looking back
7.（2024·辽宁大连·高三统考期末）
One day, a girl came upon a cocoon, and she could tell that a butterfly was trying to 91 . She waited and watched the butterfly struggle for hours to 92 itself from the tiny hole. 93 , the butterfly stopped moving, it seemed to be 94 . The girl then decided to help get the butterfly out and with a pair of scissors cut open the cocoon. The butterfly was then 95 able to escape. However, its body was swollen (肿胀的) and its wings were 96 .
The girl still thought she had done the butterfly a favor as she sat there waiting for its wings to grow in order to 97 its body. That wasn’t happening. The butterfly was unable to fly, and for the rest of its life, it could only move by crawling around with little wings and a 98 body. Despite the girl’s good intentions, she didn’t understand that the 99 of the butterfly’s cocoon and the struggle the butterfly had to 100 in order to escape served an important purpose. As butterflies 101 from tight cocoons and stretch wings out, it forces liquid from their body into their wings to prepare them to be able to fly.
The 102 that we face in life help us grow and get stronger. There is often a reason behind the requirement of being 103 and persistent. When bearing difficult times, we will develop the necessary 104 that we’ll need in the future. Without having any struggles, we won’t grow, which means it’s very important to 105 personal challenges ourselves rather than relying on other people to always help us.
91．A．hatch B．hang C．swing D．nest
92．A．trap B．release C．wrap D．throw
93．A．Even so B．Sooner or later C．All of a sudden D．As usual
94．A．scared B．sought C．kicked D．stuck
95．A．easily B．hardly C．merely D．slightly
96．A．overestimated B．underdeveloped C．overgrown D．underfed
97．A．protect B．shade C．support D．survive
98．A．tiny B．skinny C．strong D．large
99．A．conservation B．restriction C．tension D．variation
100．A．come out B．pull up C．go through D．leave off
101．A．run B．recover C．generate D．emerge
102．A．struggles B．adventures C．details D．guidelines
103．A．industrious B．tolerant C．superior D．straightforward
104．A．carefulness B．strength C．optimism D．patience
105．A．hold onto B．turn down C．take on D．bring up
8.（2024·河北·高三石家庄精英中学校联考期末）
A little girl was enjoying the beautiful garden in her home. Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants, which he 106 with great care.
The girl was 107 by a plant full of delicate flowers. She approached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she 108 that the plant was in a pile of filth (污秽). She could not tolerate the 109 of dirt with such fantastic flowers.
She worked out a plan to clean the plant. She 110 the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its 111 in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant on a clean stone and went away, proud that she had done a great 112 .
Later the little daughter ran over, followed by her father, to 113 her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reported 114 .
To spot the uprooted plant, which had lain 115 in the baking sun, the father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant and told her that the filthy soil was the best 116 to grow that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes 117 soil for each plant. 118 , God provides each of us with the best 119 required for optimum (最佳) spiritual growth. But it may appear to be 120 and we may even complain to God about our difficulty.
106．A．attended to B．brought up C．weeded out D．fed on
107．A．caught B．attracted C．attacked D．shocked
108．A．recalled B．noted C．recognized D．concluded
109．A．iformation B．presentation C．presence D．composition
110．A．held B．picked C．pulled D．removed
111．A．flowers B．branches C．leaves D．roots
112．A．deed B．deal C．operation D．project
113．A．confirm B．exhibit C．evaluate D．celebrate
114．A．innocently B．distantly C．decisively D．thoughtlessly
115．A．burning B．bathing C．breathing D．dying
116．A．shelter B．medicine C．medium D．venue
117．A．right B．same C．dirty D．loose
118．A．Moreover B．Likewise C．Rather D．Nevertheless
119．A．environment B．mode C．neighborhood D．opportunity
120．A．invisible B．disorganized C．improper D．unpleasant
9.（2024·辽宁沈阳·统考一模）
While enjoying my fresh lunch in a restaurant in Amsterdam, I noticed something odd. Customers coming in for something to eat ignored the person standing behind the counter (柜台), preferring to 121 through a smart phone.
What was the crazy thing about this They were just several 122 apart! In fact, they were so close that the staff member took a quick 123 at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables—all without any words 124 . Now, I get it: Modern technology allows us to be more 125 , but I might be witnessing something deeper: we prefer not to talk to each other anymore.
Think about it for a moment. When was the last time you naturally 126 a conversation with somebody you didn’t know The chances are that you don’t even 127 ! Likely either you or the other person was “busy” with other things like 128 with a smartphone. Now, with the 129 of digital technologies, one can’t help but pay the 130 for modern efficiency: our ability to talk to strangers.
We shop, 131 a hotel, or order a taxi, all via an app. 132 with random strangers is becoming rarer and rarer. Yet there are surprising 133 of having even a short and simple conversation with strangers. You might learn something 134 , and beyond doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and 135 a special bond in our modern world.
121．A．talk B．call C．order D．deliver
122．A．meters B．millimeters C．kilometers D．centimeters
123．A．chance B．turn C．look D．test
124．A．spoken B．written C．typed D．mentioned
125．A．efficient B．enthusiastic C．effective D．energetic
126．A．ended up B．engaged in C．made up D．went on
127．A．hear B．believe C．remember D．understand
128．A．recording B．studying C．playing D．calculating
129．A．idea B．aim C．problem D．rise
130．A．cash B．price C．debt D．tax
131．A．decorate B．book C．build D．repair
132．A．Contact B．Work C．Quarrel D．Reunion
133．A．interests B．benefits C．disadvantages D．influences
134．A．unrealistic B．unsuitable C．unreasonable D．unexpected
135．A．serves as B．refers to C．accounts for D．consists of
10.（2023·广东·高三珠海市第一中学校联考期末）
I am a professor of psychology. Some time ago, I got halfway through a day of teaching before a co-worker pointed out to me I was quite 136 wearing a different pair of shoes, one red and one black. I felt so 137 and upset but I would have to go to teach my 138 like this. When I noticed how much I wanted to disappear and avoid this 139 , I was determined to face it 140 . I walked into class and 141 to the students that I was wearing two shoes from 142 pairs, and directed their attention to my feet. Everyone laughed and we went on with class. Years later, a 143 in that class told me that this was the moment she first thought that maybe, just maybe, she could be a professor, too.
I 144 my mistake because I realized that trying to hide it was weakening my ability to concentrate my mind on my teaching — but I had no idea that it would also help shorten the 145 distance between my students and myself.
Many contexts may 146 or shame people for making mistakes. Our efforts to avoid them 147 our desires for success, and how others will respond to our mistakes. We might feel 148 and shame if we do make some.
However, mistake-making is part of learning new things, and it can 149 us closer to others. It 150 up the possibility of accepting mistakes gladly, letting us be more open and engaged in what we are doing.
136．A．impatiently B．carelessly C．quietly D．slowly
137．A．confused B．touched C．terrified D．embarrassed
138．A．aim B．book C．course D．feeling
139．A．situation B．direction C．operation D．option
140．A．besides B．moreover C．instead D．otherwise
141．A．shouted B．appealed C．called D．announced
142．A．beautiful B．fancy C．different D．colorful
143．A．worker B．teacher C．student D．peer
144．A．shared B．made C．avoided D．corrected
145．A．physical B．psychological C．critical D．economical
146．A．recognize B．stop C．help D．punish
147．A．result from B．come out C．give off D．take on
148．A．self-control B．self-respect C．self-confidence D．self-criticism
149．A．draw B．force C．push D．affect
150．A．clears B．opens C．turns D．uses
