UNIT 12分层跟踪检测(一)
TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He gave a great performance,but he was very h .
2.This discovery was p as a major breakthrough.
3.Oxford has a lot to offer visitors in the way of (娱乐).
4.Farmers are introducing (新方法) which can increase the productivity.
5.More p farmers have been able to provide cheaper food.
6.They (捐赠) money to them to buy textbooks and stationery last week.
7.They did a lot of market research before l the product.
8.The stones have been worn smoothly by the c flow of water.
9.Jackie and Ben came to a j decision as to where they would live.
10.The translation sacrifices naturalness for the sake of (准确).
Ⅱ.短语填空
come up with,be transformed into,be dedicated to,go out,single out,every once in a while,turn into,adapt to,not to mention,figure out
1.No one could how he got to be so wealthy.
2.Put more wood on the fire,otherwise it will .
3.I think I have got to stop or I might a machine.
4.An open-minded person is able to new conditions.
5.The society furthering the cause of world peace.
6.And after a few minutes the car a dormitory.
7.They interesting games to play in their childhood.
8.Who would you as the most promising student of the year
9. something comes up that you can’t prepare for.
10.He has two big houses in this country, his villas in France.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.我与弟弟通电话时,突然线路断了。
I my brother on the telephone when suddenly the line went dead.
2.这是我的一副眼镜,没有它我就看不清东西。
This is my pair of glasses, I cannot see clearly.
3.这些20世纪的先驱都致力于提高人类生活质量。
These pioneers of the 20th century the quality of human life.
4.毫无疑问,我们的星球已经变成了一个“地球村”。
our planet has been transformed into a “global village”.
5.因为有很多作业要做,我不能和你一起去滑冰。
a lot of homework ,I can’t go skating with you.
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
He is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet.But outstanding astrophysicist (天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.
In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall,Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying while at Oxford University,where he studied physics,and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neuron (神经元) disease made him concentrate on his work.
Professor Hawking said,“My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 and she was definitely brighter than me.” He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class.“My classwork was very untidy,and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers,” he said.“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein,so presumably they saw signs of something better.”
But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanised (刺激) him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs.He said,“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death,it makes you realise that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”
1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A.Stephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world.
B.Stephen Hawking couldn’t read at the age of 7.
C.Stephen Hawking’s handwriting was once terribly bad.
D.Stephen Hawking’s sister once performed much better than him.
2.Which word can be used to describe Hawking when he studied at Oxford University
A.Clever. B.Lazy.
C.Ambitious. D.Mean.
3.From whom did Hawking get a relatively just respect when he was at school
A.His sister. B.His classmates.
C.His teachers. D.His parents.
4.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.His life might be taken away by long hard work.
B.It was possible for Hawking to face the early death.
C.Stephen Hawking didn’t realise his dreams in physics.
D.The purpose of the doctor’s diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard.
B
What are the biggest problems that society will have to deal with in the new age There are diseases like AIDS and cancer.There’s climate change,of course.And what about producing enough cheap food and energy for the world’s growing population Who’s going to solve all these terrible problems Yes,politicians and world leaders will have a big part to play.Yes,businesses will need to create the economic wealth to pay for some of these things.But who’s going to make a much greater difference to something like AIDS or climate change It’s going to be a scientist.It is the scientist who can turn some new bit of science into a new technology to solve these problems.
If you like thinking about the world around you,why not become a scientist It doesn’t mean you have to wear a white coat and plastic glasses and spend all your time in a lab as most people often imagine! Scientists do all kinds of amazing things that are actually interesting!
Military scientists develop not only new weapons but new military technologies that could help make wars out of date.Forensic (法医的) scientists work with the police to find quite small clues to catch criminals.Scientists work in schools and colleges as the teachers and professors who will train tomorrow’s scientists.Don’t think a scientist is far away! Maybe you like cooking You could be a food technologist helping to keep fruit and vegetables fresher for longer.Perhaps sport is your thing Do you know that most top athletes work with sports scientists in order to improve their performance You could even be the science writer who gets to spend the life studying the latest advances and sharing them with the world.
Looking for something to do for the rest of your life.My advice Take a long and hard look at science.It is interesting.
5.Many problems are mentioned in the first paragraph to .
A.suggest they are impossible to be solved
B.introduce the causes of these problems
C.show the writer’s worry about the future world
D.show scientists play an important part in solving them
6.What is needed to solve these problems
A.Advanced weapons.
B.Enough energy.
C.New technologies.
D.A growing population.
7.How do most people consider the life of scientists
A.Amazing. B.Boring.
C.Colorful. D.Unreal.
8.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage
A.Owing to military technologies,there has been no wars.
B.For those interested in cooking,food technologies may be a choice.
C.Forensic scientists play an important part in dealing with crimes.
D.Most athletes can achieve greater achievements with the help of sports scientists.
Ⅴ.七选五
Johannes Gutenberg was chosen to be the most important figure of the past millennium (千年) by the media.You may not be familiar with him. 1 Gutenberg is praised for having invented the printing press and therefore preparing the way for printing books.
He was born into a wealthy family in the city of Mainz,Germany.His early training was in goldsmithing.In 1428,he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years. 2 Gutenberg used his skills in metalwork for the mass production of books. 3 That means that each copy of a book was painstakingly handwritten by men.Gutenberg fashioned a font (字体) of over 300 characters,far larger than the fonts of today.To make this possible,he invented a variable-width mold (模具) and perfected the mixture of materials used by type factories up to the present century.
4 Between 1450 and 1455,while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible,Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books.The Bible of 42 lines,the oldest surviving printed book in the Western world,was completed by August 15,1456.
The invention of the modern printing press changed the way information was delivered. 5 Even today in the computer age,we rely heavily on the printed words or text for instruction,information,and for the pleasure of reading literature.
A.Gutenberg made the world a much richer place.
B.But he has certainly influenced your life in some ways.
C.Gutenberg’s idea was one of the greatest ideas of all mankind.
D.By 1450,Gutenberg was back in Mainz at work on a printing press.
E.In fact,this invention contributed a lot to educating the masses (大众) worldwide.
F.Before the spread of Gutenberg’s idea,books were primarily handwritten.
G.It was in Strasbourg that he probably did his first experiment with moveable type and printing.
Ⅵ.语法填空
Samantha Cristoforetti,the first Italian female astronaut in space,1. (post) a group of photos and several Chinese sentences on her Twitter account during her mission at the International Space Station.
Attached to the photos 2. (be) several lines from Preface to Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion,an ancient Chinese calligraphy masterpiece 3. the famous Chinese calligrapher Wang Xizhi from the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Cristoforetti even gave 4. accurate translation of the lines,saying,“Looking up,I see the vastness of the universe.5. (bow) my head,I look at the multitude of the world.The gaze flies,the heart expands,the joy of the senses can reach its peak,6. this is true happiness indeed.”
“Her quotation(引语) of the lines shows that she 7. (careful) observed the universe with the vision of Chinese civilization while observing China from space.Such a quotation is very special, 8. shows her ambition and a sense of pride,” said Professor Wang Hui from Tsinghua University.
Her quotation also sparked a heated 9. (discuss) among foreign Internet users on social media.Some netizens said that with her Chinese language capacity,Cristoforetti also has the ability 10. (work) at the Chinese space station,while others hope that there will be less conflict and more cooperation in the world.
答案：
Ⅰ.1.humble 2.perceived 3.entertainment 4.innovations 5.productive 6.donated 7.launching 8.constant 9.joint 10.accuracy
Ⅱ.1.figure out 2.go out 3.turn into 4.adapt to 5.is dedicated to 6.was transformed into 7.came up with 8.single out 9.Every once in a while 10.not to mention
Ⅲ.1.was talking to 2.without which 3.were all dedicated to improving 4.There is no doubt that 5.With;to do
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们讲述了传奇科学家霍金的故事。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,“爱因斯坦”是同学给起的绰号,但并不意味着他就是第二个爱因斯坦。故选A项。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中“...he was not active in studying while at Oxford University...”可知,霍金在大学里是非常懒惰的。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知,尽管老师不看好他,但同学们仍给他“爱因斯坦”的绰号,说明同学们比较尊重他。
4.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,他有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸事实。故选B项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章提出,在新时代,很多问题急需解决,而科学家们在解决这些问题中发挥着重要作用。文章还提到,其实每个人都可以通过努力成为某个领域的科学家。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后三句可知,第一段中提到的很多问题是为了说明科学家在解决这些问题中起着重要作用。故选D项。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,解决这些问题需要新科技。故选C项。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可推断,多数人认为科学家的生活是无聊的。故选B项。
8.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知A项(由于军事技术,已经没有战争了)是错误的,故选A项。
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了印刷机的发明者——约翰内斯·古腾堡,他被媒体评选为过去一千年里最重要的人物。
1.B 根据上文句意“你可能并不熟悉他”和下文句意“古腾堡因为发明了印刷机并且因此为印刷书籍做好了准备而得到赞扬”可知,B项(但是他肯定在一些方面影响了你的生活)起到过渡的作用。故选B项。
2.G 根据上文句意“1428年,他搬到斯特拉斯堡,在那里他生活了将近20年”可知,G项(正是在斯特拉斯堡,他可能第一次做了活字印刷实验)符合语境。故选G项。
3.F 根据上文句意“古腾堡用他在金属制品(加工)方面的技能来进行书籍的大批量生产”和下文句意“那就意味着每册书的复本都是人们精心手写的”可知,F项(在古腾堡的方法传播之前,书籍主要是手写的)符合上下文语境。故选F项。
4.D 根据空后的“Between 1450 and 1455”可知,D项(到1450年,古腾堡已回到美因茨致力于印刷机的制造)时间衔接自然,符合语境。故选D项。
5.E 根据上文句意“现代印刷机的发明改变了信息的传递方式”可知,E项(实际上,这项发明也对全世界的大众教育做出了很大贡献)衔接上句,进一步说明了这项发明的重要影响,符合上下文语境。故选E项。
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了意大利航天员克里斯托福雷蒂在太空写下中国古文《兰亭集序》中的句子,一条“太空推特”引发网友热议,共同探索、和平利用外太空是全人类的共同福祉,各国理应携手合作,让地球和世界变得更加美好。
1.posted 考查动词的时态。空处为句子的谓语动词,陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填posted。
2.were 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语动词,陈述过去的事情用一般过去时;该句为表语前置的倒装,主语是lines,故谓语动词应用复数形式,故填were。
3.by 考查介词。表示“作者是,由……所写”应用介词by。故填by。
4.an 考查冠词。translation“翻译”是可数名词单数形式,此处为泛指,应用不定冠词,且accurate的发音是元音音素开头,故填an。
5.Bowing 考查非谓语动词。逗号前部分是状语,空处应填非谓语动词,逻辑主语I和bow之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填Bowing。
6.and/so 考查连词。空处应填连词连接句子,结合句意可知,上下文是并列或因果关系,用并列连词and/so符合题意。故填and/so。
7.carefully 考查副词。修饰动词observed应用副词形式。故填carefully。
8.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是quotation,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
9.discussion 考查名词。空处应填名词discussion“讨论”作宾语,冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填discussion。
10.to work 考查非谓语动词。该句中已有谓语动词has,故空处填非谓语动词,ability后常用不定式作后置定语。故填to work。UNIT 12分层跟踪检测(三)
WRITING WORKSHOP & VIEWING WORKSHOP & READING CLUB & ASSESSMENT
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Water can be purified by (煮沸) for five minutes.
2.They were clearing up when the second bomb e .
3.The article is an (准确的)reflection of events that day.
4.We went to London (专门) to visit the British Museum.
5.All kinds of traditional craft industries are p here.
6.The manufacturing methods will be (说明) in the next chapter.
7.The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the s from the sinking ship.
8.His visit is direct evidence of the i in their relationship.
Ⅱ.短语填空
come about,be associated with,up and down,a variety of,for the purpose of,on the list of,rely on,in the area of
1.In the children’s minds,summer picnics.
2.Having to wait hours came high complaints.
3.She her tough love to help him quit drinking last year.
4.Women are already well represented TV drama.
5.I found him in the corridor nervously pacing .
6.There are treatments available for this condition.
7.He went over to America studying medical science.
8.How did the differences between British and American English
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.你似乎是唯一一个真正了解他的人。(不定式作后置定语)
2.我到了车站,却被告知火车已经开走了。(不定式作结果状语)
3.昨晚发生了一场大火,造成了重大损失。(现在分词短语作状语)
4.机器使人们有可能用较少的精力做更多的工作。(make+宾语+宾语补足语)
5.我有许多外语书,其中很多是世界名著。(most of which引导定语从句)
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
When I was a child,my father bought me a new toy every other week when he received his pay check.I loved to take the toys apart to learn their basic principles,and then put them back together.
Most of the time,the toys still worked,but I clearly remember getting a toy robot that would walk either forwards or backwards.I took the robot apart,but when I put it back together,it couldn’t walk any more.I figured out what was wrong with it but was not able to fix it.It was especially disappointing because I really liked the robot.
By the time I was ten or so,my parents allowed me to play outdoors alone.During the summer,on the junk day,I would check out what people were throwing away.People did not use garbage bags then,so all waste was in metal cans,which made it easy to check out what was in the waste.I took home some equipment,radios,and televisions.I took them apart and learned how they were built.
Through learning by myself,I built a telephone.I made my own microphone (扩音器) by taking apart old dry batteries and taking the carbon rods (碳棒) out of them.I then broke the rods into powder and used the carbon powder to make the microphone.I used the microphone in my home-made telephone.Later,I made another carbon microphone,which I connected in series with a speaker I took from an old radio.I put the speaker in a bush by the sidewalk and ran wires around the side of the house where the batteries and my home-made microphone were.I had much fun playing jokes on people walking by with that device (装置).
1.What happened when the author put back the toy robot together
A.It didn’t work normally.
B.It looked like a disappointing toy.
C.He found something was missing.
D.He didn’t know what was wrong with it.
2.How did the author get what he wanted after turning ten
A.Through checking garbage bags.
B.Through collecting them outdoors.
C.Through asking his parents for them.
D.Through borrowing them from his neighbours.
3.What did the author do to get the microphones he needed
A.He took apart an old telephone.
B.He looked for them everywhere.
C.He used old things to make them.
D.He took some carbon rods from a broken radio.
4.After reading the text,what can we learn about the author as a child
A.He didn’t know his interest.
B.He was laughed at by others.
C.He didn’t study hard at school.
D.He loved inventing new things.
B
I’m losing my hair.Don’t feel sorry.It will not be an explanation on how depressing it is that my body is submitting to the damages of time.It’s just a fact,and,honestly,I’m fine with it.Don’t get me wrong:had this happened when I was 25,I would have rushed to an Istanbul clinic with credit cards faster than you could say “Elton”.I would have had a baseball cap glued to my scalp(头皮).But I’m 40 now.
Hairdressers used to praise me on my “thick hair”,however,they’d make no obvious difference to my lion-like hairs.Therefore,this raises a question:why am I still spending ￡50 getting my hair cut The answer to this is,I suppose,“habit”.But if the pandemic has taught us anything,it’s that even our fundamental behaviors can be transformed when necessary.For decades,I’ve frequented salons(美发厅).I enjoyed the air conditioning and the coffee.But really,all I require these days is a short back and sides.So,for the first time,I’ve started going to my local barbershop.And...it’s great!For one thing,you don’t need to book an appointment.
The two guys are friendly,yet also business-like.Best of all,the cut costs ￡15,and my hair looks exactly the same as when it was done in the salon.The first time my barber placed a wet towel over my nose and mouth,I’ve come to appreciate the feeling of a freshly-shaved jaw.So yes,my hair is thinning:I am older.But also,I believe,wiser.
5.What do we know about the author from paragraph 1
A.He has a lot of credit cards.
B.He is fine with his thinner hair now.
C.He feels upset about losing his hair.
D.He likes gluing a baseball cap to his scalp.
6.Why does the author reject the salons he’s frequented
A.Because the salons charge too much.
B.Because he wants to change his hairstyle.
C.Because the hairdressers make his hair lion-like.
D.Because he has no habit of making appointments.
7.What does the author think of the local barbershop
A.Inspiring. B.Challenging.
C.Satisfying. D.Disappointing.
8.What message does the author try to get through to us
A.It’s wise to accept changes owing to aging.
B.The old are more likely to have thinner hair.
C.Crucial behaviors can be changed if necessary.
D.Salons and barbershops make no big difference.
Ⅴ.七选五
Have you ever made a promise to yourself that you didn’t keep Commonly,when the new year ticks over,we make resolutions:going to the gym,studying harder or giving up a bad habit.Sadly,not long after we’ve made the promise,we often end up breaking them. 1 Well,it’s possible,but willpower might not be the only thing you need.
The basic idea of a habit is something we do almost unconsciously,as if you’re on autopilot.An example of this would be having breakfast or saying “please” and “thank you”. 2 But if we don’t have those habits,how can we create them According to a study published by the European Journal of Social Psychology,it takes an average of 66 days to form a new habit.However,relying only on determination may not be the answer.
Questioning why you want something to be the norm(常态) rather than relying on your resolve could be the key. 3 The issue is,willpower could be subject to your mood—a bad mood may mean you don’t want to do something.
You should also avoid trying to change too much at once—remember that it’s a case of baby steps. 4 ,going to the gym,and stopping drinking at the same time will probably result in failure rather than sustainable practice.And don’t worry about failing—just start again! 5 If you hate mushrooms,don’t persevere and try to add them to your diet just to be healthier.Eat something you like!It might not be quick,but if you follow these tips,you may be able to change something for the better or kick a bad habit.
A.Giving up all your favourite foods
B.Working out as you please
C.But what if you want to create a new good habit
D.Good habits can be part of your daily routine.
E.Don’t do things outside your comfort zone.
F.To get rid of a bad habit is not as easy a thing as we sometimes think.
G.Do you want to lose weight because you want to be healthier or feel more attractive
Ⅵ.应用文写作
假如你校《英语报刊》人物专栏正在征稿,请你用英语介绍一位你敬仰的人物。内容包括以下三个部分:
1.对该人物的简单介绍;
2.敬仰该人物的理由;
3.从该人物身上得到的启示。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
Ⅶ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am Sadie.I love oceans,especially the one near my grandma’s house with beautiful shells.Why That’s what I am about to tell you.
It all started when my parents divorced a few weeks ago.I had remained silent since then.So my mother decided to send me to Florida to live with my grandma.
On the way to my grandma’s house,my mother said,“Sadie,I know we are not the best family you can have and I truly apologise.I just do not know how to be a mother.But remember,Sadie,whatever happened,I do love you.” These words made me sadder.
When we arrived,Grandma told me to go upstairs and unpack my things while she spoke to my mother.When I saw a blue-and-green-painted room with a huge window and a comfortable bed,I thought,“Moving to Florida might not be that bad.” I comforted myself as I walked towards the window.I opened the curtains and saw sky-blue waves slowly washing away the sand on the beach and sea birds flying in the clear sky.The ocean was only a few hundred metres away from here.
After my mother left,Grandma softly touched my shoulder,“I want to take you to the place I called ‘the Big Blue’.And I think you might like it.”
Before I stepped on the sand I could smell the ocean.Together we enjoyed the sunset with a whole lot of yellow and orange.Suddenly she picked out the most beautiful shell I had ever seen in my life.It was almost gold,shining in the sunlight.I couldn’t move my eyes off it.
注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
“Want to know how I get through my parents’ divorce ” Grandma asked.
“The beautiful shells here gave me the courage to live on,” Grandma said.
答案：
Ⅰ.1.boiling 2.exploded 3.accurate 4.specifically 5.preserved 6.illustrated 7.sailors 8.improvement
Ⅱ.1.is associated with 2.on the list of 3.relied on 4.in the area of 5.up and down 6.a variety of 7.for the purpose of 8.come about
Ⅲ.1.You seem to be the only person to truly know him.
2.I reached the station only to be told that the train had already left.
3.There was a big fire last night,causing heavy losses.
4.Machines make it possible that people do more work with less energy.
5.I have many foreign language books,most of which are world famous works.
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候喜欢研究和发明新东西,他经常从别人丢弃的废品里寻找可以利用的材料。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段的“I took the robot apart,but when I put it back together,it couldn’t walk any more.”可知,那个玩具机器人坏了。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“During the summer,on the junk day,I would check out what people were throwing away.”可知,作者在户外搜集可用的东西。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段的“I made my own microphone...to make the microphone.”可知,作者是用家里的旧物制作了自己所需要的扩音器。
4.D 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,作者喜欢搜集和拆卸旧东西,然后自己再做一些新东西。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者头发开始掉了,却更明智了,不再像以前那样去沙龙理发,而是去当地的理发店花更少的钱理发,作者认为这种改变太棒了。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’m losing my hair.”和“It’s just a fact,and,honestly,I’m fine with it.”可知,作者不介意自己的头发变得稀疏。故选B项。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But really,all I require these days is a short back and sides.So,for the first time,I’ve started going to my local barbershop.”可知,作者拒绝他经常光顾的沙龙是因为他想改变他的发型。故选B项。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“And...it’s great!For one thing,you don’t need to book an appointment.”和最后一段的“The two guys are friendly,yet also business-like.Best of all,the cut costs ￡15,and my hair...,I’ve come to appreciate the feeling of a freshly-shaved jaw.”可知,作者认为当地的理发店是令人满意的。故选C项。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So yes,my hair is thinning:I am older.But also,I believe,wiser.(所以,是的,我的头发变稀疏了:我老了。而且,我相信,我更明智了。)”可知,作者试图向我们传达的信息是接受衰老带来的变化是明智的。故选A项。
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何养成好的习惯。
1.C 根据上文“Have you ever made a promise to yourself that you didn’t keep ...,we often end up breaking them.”以及下文“Well,it’s possible,but willpower might not be the only thing you need.”可知,本句与上文构成转折,指出希望养成好习惯的问题,下文对此提出建议。故C项“但是如果你想养成一个新的好习惯呢 ”符合语境,故选C项。
2.D 根据上文“The basic idea of a habit is something we do almost unconsciously,as if you’re on autopilot.An example of this would be having breakfast or saying ‘please’ and ‘thank you’.”可知,上文举出吃早饭或说“请”和“谢谢”的例子,即让好习惯成为你日常生活的一部分。故D项“好习惯可以成为你日常生活的一部分”符合语境,故选D项。
3.G 根据上文“Questioning why you want something to be the norm rather than relying on your resolve could be the key.”以及下文“The issue is,willpower could be subject to your mood—a bad mood may mean you don’t want to do something.”可知,本句举例说明问自己做某事的原因,故G项“你想减肥是因为你想变得更健康或更有吸引力吗 ”符合语境,故选G项。
4.A 根据上文“You should also avoid trying to change too much at once—remember that it’s a case of baby steps.”以及下文“going to the gym,and stopping drinking at the same time will probably result in failure rather than sustainable practice.And don’t worry about failing—just start again”可知,本句主要是在说明减肥的步骤,下文提到了去健身房,即本句说明要放弃喜欢的食物是第一步。故A项“放弃所有你喜欢的食物”符合语境,故选A项。
5.E 根据下文“If you hate mushrooms,don’t persevere and try to add them to your diet just to be healthier.Eat something you like!It might not...a bad habit.”可知,下文提到了吃自己喜欢的东西,强调不做舒适区以外的事。故E项“不要做超出你舒适区的事情”符合语境,故选E项。
Ⅵ.
Thomas Edison,born in America,was a great scientist and inventor.He was once considered as a boy who was not worth teaching.In fact,he was full of curiosity and imagination.
I admire him because of his contributions to the world.In his life,he was always trying out new ideas and had more than 1,000 inventions,many of which still have a great influence on our life today.He was also very diligent and believed that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.All these explained why he had so many great inventions and what he did inspires me to be creative in my work.
Ⅶ.
“Want to know how I get through my parents’ divorce ” Grandma asked.She smiled to me and continued,“In those days,I felt very sorrowful because neither of my parents cared about me,which made me want to end my life.But finally,I didn’t do like that.In order to kill time,I always went to the beach.Much to my surprise,I found that there were such beautiful shells on the beach.”
“The beautiful shells here gave me the courage to live on,” Grandma said.“Honey,you are still happy.Although your parents divorced,they both love you.Your mother rang me this morning,telling me that you love oceans.Therefore,I brought you here.Also I hope you can get inspiration and courage.” Hearing this I looked up at the blue sky and the vast sea.Suddenly,I felt a little relaxed and natural,and held the firm belief that I must cheer up,just like the most beautiful shell,full of colours.UNIT 12分层跟踪检测(二)
LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He is a stranger in this town, so he’s completely (clue) about its history.
2.Unfortunately, there is still no new evidence (emerge) during the research.
3.After a term, the teacher should give his students a proper (evaluate) of their study.
4.If the football clubs actually win the medals, then their players will receive large (bonus).
5.Since the new rules have been in effect, the number of robberies in the area is the decline.
6.In the face of difficulties, we should try our best (overcome) them.
7.She has (theory) knowledge of teaching, but no practical experience.
8.The man had a terrible disease and (expect) only to live for a few years.
Ⅱ.短语填空
lead to,as a result of,a large number of,be proud of,with the help of,be diagnosed with,in spite of,be famous for,in other words,all of a sudden
1. ,there was a terrific bang and a flash of smoke.
2.Her hair started falling out radiation treatment.
3.They asked him to leave— he was fired.
4.The farmer the wonderful apples he grew.
5.At thirteen,I Attention Deficit Disorder.
6.He made himself understood gestures.
7.He the garden he made from a wilderness.
8. the travelling and the late night,she did not feel tired.
9.The library contains foreign language reference books.
10.Urban development has the ruination of vast areas of countryside.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.他们正在为赞助这一有益的事业而集资。(in support of)
2.关于这个问题,我们没有必要在此作结论。(in respect of)
3.基于目前这种情况,我们不得不修改我们原来的计划。(in view of)
4.他因考试不及格而深感沮丧。(on account of)
5.历史课除了可以学习历史知识外,还可以帮助学生独立思考。(in addition to)
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Club Sports provide both a competitive and social sporting experience for any Purdue student.There are clubs for all skill levels,from beginner to seasoned expert.Explore RecWell clubs below.
The Purdue Softball Club
The Purdue Softball Club is a student-run organization recognized by the National Club Softball Association.As a club team,we provide Purdue students with the opportunity to continue playing softball at a competitive collegiate level.As NCSA members,we participate in the Great American-West conference consisting of the University of Notre Dame,University of Michigan,Eastern Michigan,and Loyola-Chicago.
President Contact:Danielle Olsen
Email:danielleolson9@
The Purdue Gymnastics Club
The Purdue Gymnastics Club is a group of normal everyday students who,like yourself,want to stay active while at school.We practice during evening hours four times a week during the fall and spring semesters.We own and operate equipment for 4 women’s and 6 men’s events.
President:Maya McDonald
Email:medon127@purdue.edu
The Purdue Triathlon(铁人三项) Club
The Purdue Triathlon Club’s mission is to get together athletes who desire to train multiple sports in a social environment and promote interest and participation in triathlons,duathlons(铁人两项),running,swimming and cycling events on the Purdue University campus that provide opportunities for members to participate in triathlons and related athletic activities.We encourage and support members while training together.We travel to races in the spring and summer together and host two races during the school year.We end our year at the Collegiate Nationals in April.
President:Patrick Cavanaugh
Email:pcavana@purdue.edu
The Purdue Men’s Club Volleyball
The Purdue Men’s Club Volleyball allows Purdue undergraduate and graduate students to play volleyball at a competitive,intercollegiate level.Tryouts are held at the beginning of each semester and teams are divided based on the skill level.Players come from all over the country,not just limited to the Midwest.The first and second teams travel to tournaments across the Midwest and to the NCVF National tournament each spring.The club is an NCVF and MIVA recognized program and consistently finishes in the top competitive divisions of the region and nation.
President Contact:Josiah Rockey
Email:rockey1@purdue.edu
1.Where can you see these information
A.Students’ textbooks. B.Campus network.
C.News websites. D.School magazines.
2.What makes the Purdue Gymnastics Club special
A.It is a student-run organization.
B.It is open every other day throughout the semester.
C.It operates equipment for 10 events.
D.It allows athletes to train in multiple sports.
3.Which club is highly competitive on a national level
A.The Purdue Triathlon Club.
B.The Purdue Gymnastics Club.
C.The Purdue Softball Club.
D.The Purdue Men’s Club Volleyball.
B
We often find ourselves struggling to control our thoughts,but why is it so hard to stop our minds wandering Research found our thoughts are less focused and under less control than we realize.In a 1996 study,participants reported more than 4,000 thoughts daily,each lasting no more than five seconds.In a 1987 study,people perceived 22% of their thoughts as strange,unacceptable or wrong.Then,is it possible to avoid unwanted thoughts,whether it’s an upcoming exam or an unpleasant conversation The answer is:maybe.
In a 2022 study,the researchers showed paid volunteers a series of slides displaying different nouns.Each noun was repeated on five different slides.As they viewed the slides,the participants wrote down a word they associated with each given noun—for example,“road” in response to “car”.Only the experimental group were told they wouldn’t get paid for repeated words.With this method,the researchers sought to create a situation when someone experiences unwanted thoughts.
When the experimental group saw each noun for a second time,they took longer than the control group to come up with a new association,suggesting their first response popped into their minds before they replaced it.However,they got quicker each time they viewed the same slide,indicating that their association between the given word and their first response—the thought they were trying to avoid—was weakening.
“We didn’t find evidence that people can entirely avoid unwanted thoughts,” said research leader Isaac Fradkin.“But the results suggest that practice can help people get better.”
Not everyone agrees that a slideshow of random words can tell how people stop emotional thoughts.Other research suggests that avoiding thoughts can backfire.When we do it,we’re sending our brains a message.This effort labels them as something to be feared,making them more powerful.
In the end,it might make more sense to take a mindful approach.“We can allow these thoughts to just be in our minds,not holding onto them too tightly and not trying to fight them,” said Fradkin.
4.What can we learn about our thoughts from paragraph 1
A.Most of our thoughts are valueless.
B.We tend to focus more on negative thoughts.
C.Our thoughts can occur and disappear easily.
D.We can’t keep our thoughts for over five seconds.
5.Why were the experimental group told not to repeat the related words
A.To collect more associations.
B.To make the task more challenging.
C.To create a competitive atmosphere.
D.To set up a desired experimental context.
6.What does the underlined word “backfire” mean in paragraph 5
A.Have an opposite effect.
B.Take back the wrong message.
C.Reveal hidden problems.
D.Cause a mental breakdown.
7.What does Fradkin advise us to do with unwanted thoughts
A.Drive them away.
B.Try to understand them.
C.Leave them alone.
D.Learn to control them.
Ⅴ.完形填空
The teachers I know didn’t expect how hard this remote teaching would be.There are so many 1 that arise:families not responding,students who can’t 2 new platforms,new platforms not doing what they are 3 to do.The list goes on.
But that’s 4 from the teacher’s point of view.Principals have to hear the teachers’ issues,and they have to deal with parents’ calling trying to get their kids in the virtual classroom,getting 5 daily from the local government,finding devices for everyone,and much more.
Our principal didn’t 6 all this before the world turned upside down.Now,she is 7 it all,helping teachers,parents,and students,while solving what the district is implementing (实施).There are 8 nights and unbelievable 9 .
I 10 a drive today from the staff building.We were all on the 11 today to drive through the local neighbourhood with signs on our 12 sounding our horns and waving at our students in their yards and on their porches.I asked the staff to bring 13 for our principal:paper towels,hand sanitizers (洗手液),latex gloves,masks,and some other 14 things.Others brought wine and chocolate.
We couldn’t take all her 15 off her back,but we could show her that we love and appreciate her.
1.A.calls B.issues
C.requests D.thoughts
2.A.move off B.look after
C.turn down D.get on
3.A.supposed B.ordered
C.permitted D.taught
4.A.still B.even
C.also D.just
5.A.payments B.directions
C.efforts D.lessons
6.A.expect B.fear
C.value D.suspect
7.A.removing B.handling
C.delaying D.treasuring
8.A.sleepless B.hopeless
C.aimless D.useless
9.A.surprise B.annoyance
C.stress D.accident
10.A.imagined B.found
C.predicted D.organised
11.A.spot B.road
C.campus D.street
12.A.hats B.suits
C.cars D.bikes
13.A.materials B.items
C.groceries D.instruments
14.A.daily B.important
C.valuable D.colourful
15.A.positions B.beliefs
C.goals D.responsibilities
答案：
Ⅰ.1.clueless 2.emerging 3.evaluation 4.bonuses 5.on 6.to overcome 7.theoretical 8.was expected
Ⅱ.1.All of a sudden 2.as a result of 3.in other words 4.was famous for 5.was diagnosed with 6.with the help of 7.was proud of 8.In spite of 9.a large number of 10.led to
Ⅲ.1.They are raising a fund in support of this good cause.
2.In respect of this problem,we don’t have to draw a conclusion here.
3.In view of the present situation,we’ll have to revise our original plan.
4.He is in a state of deep depression on account of his failure to pass the examination.
5.In addition to learning history knowledge,history class can also help students think independently.
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了普渡大学的四个学生运动俱乐部。
1.B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Club Sports provide both a competitive and social sporting experience for any Purdue student.There are clubs for all skill levels,from beginner to seasoned expert.Explore RecWell clubs below.”可知,该文章介绍的是普渡大学的俱乐部,同时根据每个部分的邮件地址可知,该文章来自校园网。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据“The Purdue Gymnastics Club”部分中的“We own and operate equipment for 4 women’s and 6 men’s events.”可知,该俱乐部管理十项赛事设备。故选C项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据“The Purdue Men’s Club Volleyball”部分中的“The club is an NCVF and MIVA recognized program and consistently finishes in the top competitive divisions of the region and nation.”可知,该俱乐部在全国范围内有很强的竞争力。故选D项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们很难控制自己的思想,经常会有奇怪的、不可接受的或错误的想法。虽然没有证据表明人们可以完全避免这些不必要的想法,但研究表明,练习可以帮助人们变得更好。我们不应该逃避,或试图与它们作斗争,而是要顺其自然。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We often find ourselves struggling to control our thoughts,but why is it so hard to stop our minds wandering ...In a 1996 study,participants reported more than 4,000 thoughts daily,each lasting no more than five seconds.”可知,我们很难停止思想游荡,这说明我们的想法很容易出现;参与者的每个想法持续不超过5秒钟,这说明我们的想法很容易消失。故选C项。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only the experimental group were told they wouldn’t get paid for repeated words.With this method,the researchers sought to create a situation when someone experiences unwanted thoughts.”可知,实验组被告知不要重复相关的单词是为了创设理想的实验环境。故选D项。
6.A 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“When we do it,we’re sending our brains a message.This effort labels them as something to be feared,making them more powerful.”可知,逃避这些想法会给大脑传递一个信息,这会让这些想法变得更加强大,这说明逃避这些想法并不会使想法停止,反而使它们愈加强大。由此推知,逃避这些想法会产生适得其反的结果,画线单词“backfire”意为“产生适得其反的结果”。故选A项。
7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘We can allow these thoughts to just be in our minds,not holding onto them too tightly and not trying to fight them,’said Fradkin.”可知,Fradkin建议我们不要管这些我们不想要的想法,应该顺其自然。故选C项。
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。校长因组织远程教学每天工作很繁忙,压力非常大。于是作者在校园组织了一个自驾车队到社区宣传,支持校长的工作。
1.B 根据下文句意“家庭没有回应,学生不能进入新的平台,新的平台没有做他们应该做的事情”可以推断,此处指“出现了很多问题(issues)”。故选B项。
2.D 根据下文 “new platforms(新平台)”可以推断,此处指“登录(get on)新平台”。故选D项。
3.A 分析句子可知,此处为“be supposed to”结构,意为“应该,应当”,是固定搭配。且根据前文可知“出现了很多问题”,由此可以推断,此处指“新的平台没有做它们应该(supposed)做的事情”。故选A项。
4.D 根据后文可知,校长们必须听取老师们的意见,同时也要处理家长打来的电话,试图让孩子们进入虚拟教室,每天从当地政府那里得到指示,为每个人寻找设备,等等。此处指“但那只是(just)从教师的角度出发”,突出校长要处理的问题有很多。故选D项。
5.B 分析句子可知,此处为校长的日常事务,由此可以推断,此处指“从当地政府那里得到指示(directions)”。故选B项。
6.A 根据下文“before the world turned upside down”可以推断,此处指“没有预料到(expect)这一切”。故选A项。
7.B 根据下文句意“同时也在解决这个地区正在实施的事情”可以推断,此处指处理(handling)教师、家长和学生的问题。故选B项。
8.A 根据上文可知,校长有很多问题要解决,由此可以推断,此处指“不眠(sleepless)之夜”。故选A项。
9.C 根据上文可知,校长有很多问题要解决,有很多不眠之夜,由此可以推断此处指“有难以置信的压力(stress)”。故选C项。
10.D 根据下文可知,作者开展了驾车活动,由此可以推断,此处指组织(organised)活动。故选D项。
11.C 根据上文可知,此次活动从员工大楼出发,由此可以推断,此处指“我们都在校园(campus)”。故选C项。
12.C 根据上文可知,这是一次驾车活动,由此可以推断,此处指在车(cars)上贴标语。故选C项。
13.B 根据下文句意“纸巾、洗手液、乳胶手套、口罩”可以推断,此处指带上一些物品(items)。故选B项。
14.A 根据该空前列举的“paper towels,hand sanitizers,latex gloves,masks”可知,这些东西都是日常的(daily)用品。故选A项。
15.D 根据上文可知,校长有很多工作,压力很大,且根据后文句意“但我们可以向她表示我们爱她,并感激她”可以推断,此处指无法卸下责任(responsibilities)。故选D项。
