2024年高考英语三轮冲刺考前任务型阅读小专题训练
阅读表达
1．阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else's shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of "cool". For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) one. My legs just weren't made to run like his. I could never play football or basketball well.
I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself. This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of "cool".
I don't know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school, but one day I chanced to show up for an after-school meeting of the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn't fit Tyson's definition of "cool", I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did.
As we organized teams, prepared resources and practiced answering questions, I felt more connected than I ever had to any sports team. I didn't feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else; I was finally with peers who understood me. It was so good to feel accepted for what I'm good at. For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool. Now I know who I am! I'm Tyson's little brother, but that's only part of my identity. I'm a cool guy in my own way, too. I'm relieved to know that "cool" has a much broader definition than what I used to think.
（1）How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1 (no more than 8 words)
（2）What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved (no more than 15 words)
（3）According to Paragraph 3, what marked the turning point in the author's growth (no more than 7 words)
（4）What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about (no more than 10 words)
（5）What is your example of "cool" Please explain why. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）Receiving less attention than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling neglected.
（2）That his brother left for college and he changed schools.
Or: Tyson's leaving for college and the author's going to/attending a new school.
（3）Joining the Science Olympiad team.
Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team.
Or: Discovering his true interests (in science).
（4）(How) the author discovered a broader definition of "cool".
Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool.
Or: He found his own identity.
（5）Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am.
Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy.
Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure.
2．任务型阅读
When my friends went to college in great delight, I restarted my senior high school life. My spirit sank. Surrounded by strange classmates, I felt like I was in a maze and was sorry about myself. There were some complex feelings in my minds. I was frightened, nervous and lonely.
To make matters worse, I recalled my failure again and again, which put more pressure on me than I could bear. As a result, I was always feeling down during class time.
My teacher found me spiritless. One day he asked me to come to his office and told me about his attitude towards life: we might suffer from mistakes, but it's important to learn lessons from them. All the pains and the embarrassing things we experience are part of the process. So keep up your spirit! At last, he added, "If you are optimistic, things you want may happen to you!"
Warmth rushed through my soul. I suddenly found the sun shining again when I stepped out of his office.
With the teacher's help, I eventually got over my depression. From then on, I no longer bowed my head and began smiling to my classmates. I would put up my hand confidently in class and play with my new friends in my spare time. Meanwhile, I was gradually embracedby my classmates.
Now faced with fierce competition, we all study hard because we know that every second counts. Moreover, there is an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect between us. I love my class; I love my classmates!
To be frank, I still have a thirst for my dream university, but I'm not afraid of failure because I can profit by it. With parents and teachers' encouragement, I'm quite certain of my success and I'm sure I can fly high.
（1）Why was the writer in low spirits at the beginning (No more than 10 words)
（2）What did the teacher expect the writer to do (No more than 10 words)
（3）What is the main idea of Paragraph 5 (No more than 15 words)
（4）What does the underlined word "embraced" in paragraph 5 mean in English
（5）What will you do if you are faced with failure (No more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）Because he could not go to college.
（2）The teacher expected him to be optimistic.
（3）With the teacher's help, he eventually got over his depression.
（4）Accepted; welcomed.
（5）I will face failure bravely/I will try to be optimistic.
3．任务型阅读
Every year, thousands of teenagers participate in programs at their local art museums. But do any of them remember their time at museum events later in life A new report suggests that the answer is yes – and finds that alumni (毕业生) of arts-based museum programs credit them with changing the course of their lives, even years after the fact.
The Whitney Museum of American Art, the Walker Art Center and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles recently asked researchers to conduct a study to find out how effective their long-standing teen art programs really are. They involved over 300 former participants of four programs for teens that have been in existence since the 1990s. Alumni, whose current ages range from 18 to 36, were invited to find out how they viewed their participation years after the fact.
Among the alumni surveyed, 75 percent of alumni rated the teen program experience as the most favorable impacton their own lives, beating family, school and their neighborhoods. Nearly 55 percent thought that it was one of the most important experiences they'd ever had, regardless of age. And two-thirds said that they were often in situations where their experience in museums affected their actions or thoughts.
It turns out that participating in art programs also helps keep teens enthusiastic about culture even after they reach adulthood: 96 percent of participants had visited an art museum within the last two years, and 68 percent had visited an art museum five or more times within the last two years. Thirty-two percent of program alumni work in the arts as adults.
Though the study is the first of its kind to explore the impact of teen-specific art programs in museums, it reflects other research on the important benefits of engaging with the arts. A decade of surveys by the National Endowment for the Arts found that childhood experience with the arts is significantly associated with their income and educational attainment (成就) as adults. Other studies have linked arts education to everything from lower drop-out rates to improvement in critical thinking skills.
（1）What is the purpose of the study conducted (no more than 15 words)
（2）What do the figures (数字) in Paragraph 3 show (no more than 10 words)
（3）What does Paragraph 4 tell us about art programs (no more than 10 words)
（4）What does the underlined word in the third paragraph probably mean (1 word)
（5）What do you think of the art programs Give your reason. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）To find out how effective their long-standing teen art programs really are.
（2）Teen art programs in museums are highly beneficial.
（3）They help keep teens enthusiastic about culture. / Positive effects of art programs on teens.
（4）Influence. / Effect.
（5）They are of great use because they have a life-long positive effect on us in many aspects.
4．阅读短文，并按题目要求用英语回答问题。
Since the mid-1980s, the Aluminum Cans for Burned Children Burn Camp has been offering children with burn sears a week of relief. "They have a lot of emotional things that they go through, trying to fit back in with society with their scars," said Becky Mundy burn center education coordinator at Akron Children's Hospital.
The camp typically has around 15 campers. Many are repeat customers, and most were treated at Akron Children's Hospital or began coming after they moved to the area. The camp is free to campers and is funded by an organization named Aluminum Cans for Burned Children which raises money for burn survivors and their families.
The Thursday of the camp week is Fire Truck Day, when dozens of local fire trucks arrive, along with camp alumni(校友），doctors and nurses, and family members. Campers get to see fire vehicles up close and interact with the firefighters.
Sometimes they are the very ones who rescued the campers, months or years earlier. It is, they say, a bond that never goes away. But Fire Truck Day contributes in another way, allowing them to see each other in a different light.
Memories of a bad fire can be unforgettable. Nearly two years ago, Pazdernik carried an injured girl out of a burning house in which her parents perished, and later the girl was adopted by a kind family.
On Fire Truck Day, Pazdernik got to see the girl he saved, Shaniya Simpson. She shared a hug with the firefighters who had rescued her. and said it was good to see them.
＂I think it helps her heal," said Kim Canterbury, who was Shaniya's teacher at the time of the fire." Just by saying thank you."
It was good for Pazdernik, too. "To see her go on with life and be happy, you're able to see that you had an impact on her," he said. "lt's definitely a lot more fulfilling."
（1）Which kind of children does the camp work for (no more than 5 words)
（2）Who provides financial support for the camp (no more than 10 words)
（3）Why does Fire Truck Day have special meaning to both firefighters and the campers （no more than 15 words)
（4）What does the underlined word "perished" in Paragraph 5 mean (only I word)
（5）If you are to be a volunteer of the camp, what will you do to help the campers （no more than 25 words)
【答案】（1）Children with burn scars.
（2）An organization named Aluminum Cans for Burned Children. Or: Aluminum Cans for Burned Children.
（3）Because it allows them to see each other in a different light.
（4）Died.
（5）I'll treat the poor children like my own brothers and sisters and try my best to help them fit back in with society.
5．任务型阅读
A funny thing happened about a month ago when I opened the double doors of a small storage area in the back of my house where I kept my garden supplies during the long winter.
There, on top of a tower of dirt-filled pots, was a flash of green, topped with two of the most unlikely pink flowers you've ever seen. A quick examination showed that, in fact, this was a living, growing plant.
How was this possible I was lost in thought. I couldn't figure out how the plant survived under such environment. The unheated space had been sealed up (被密封) by us all winter, except for the times when we opened the doors to take the tools. It was still cold outside. Could this be one of those garden miracles I'd read about
I wondered what helped the plant exist. I looked around and discovered something approaching an explanation. There are small glasses along the top of the double doors. And it's possible that a ray of sun beams (照射) directly on that pot, giving it just enough light and warmth to let it to live in its own personal greenhouse.
I learned some lessons from this wonderful plant.
For one thing, I am moved by the accident of the whole thing. Had I started to put my pot six inches to the left or right of that spot, the plant might not have deriveda little warmth from the sunshine. Had I pulled out the roots of the plant instead of cutting back the greenery in late fall, there would have been nothing but dirt in that pot.
But there's something else that inspires me about this. Just how little light and warmth it took for this plant to move forward, grow and flower. It is wonderful to consider that just a drop of sunshine can awaken a day, a place and a life. When it comes to positivity, a little goes a long way.
（1）How did the plant look like (no more than 10 words)
（2）In what environment did the plant grow (no more than 10 words)
（3）What helped the plant exist (no more than 10 words)
（4）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean (1 word)
（5）What do you learn from the story Please explain in your own words.(no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）It was green and living, with pink flowers.
（2）An unheated space sealed up almost all winter.
（3）A ray of sunshine coming from the outside.
（4）Got/Obtained.
（5）We should be positive because positive energy even a little, can spread and bring hope to many aspects of life.
6．阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
Mothers and fathers all over the world teach their children manners. Other children may have manners that are not like yours. There are all kinds of manners.
Many years ago, children who had good manners were seen and not heard. They kept quite quiet if grown-ups were talking. Today, well-mannered children have more freedom.
Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places.
Suppose you are a visitor in the land of Mongolia. Some friends ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have They want you to give a loud "burp" after you finish eating. Burping would show that you liked your food.
In some countries, if you give a loud burp, y“ou are told to say Excuse me, please." In many places, people like to eat together But in some parts of Polynesia, it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. People show good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat.
What are manners like in an East African town The people try not to see you. They are being polite. You may see a friend. He may not see you at all. If you are polite, you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing. Then he will talk to you.
Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia. You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent. If you pass in front of the other tents, you'll be asked into each one. The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no.
Manners are different all over the world. But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way. People needed ways to show that they wanted to be friends.
（1）What is the best title of the passage (no more than 10 words)
（2）How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 (no more than 10 words)
（3）In Mongolia, what action is thought to be a good manner according to the passage (no more than 6 words)
（4）What are well-mannered people expected to act in some parts of Polynesia during eating (no more than 10 words)
（5）Traditionally, what is a good manner during eating in China (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）Different kinds of manners (all over the world).
（2）Children with good manners don't interrupt the speaking adults.
（3）Giving a loud "burp"
（4）To turn their backs on others.
（5）Heading to the right seat and never starting eating before all guests gather together.
7．阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。
Why would human beings waste a third of their lives sleeping when they could be doing more important things like looking after their families or working Some scientists believe sleeping helps recharge the body, while others think it is important for strengthening newly-formed memories. Now, there is new evidence which suggests that the purpose of sleep may be to forget some of the millions of new things we learn each day.
The neurons in the human brain consist of fibers called dendrites (树突). These grow as we learn new things and connect the brain's cells to each other at contact points called synapses (突触). The larger the dendrites become and the more cells they connect, the more information we store.
In 2018, Giulio Tononi and Chiara Cirelli, both biologists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, suggested a new idea: The things our brains learn each day result in so many synapses that things start to get a little messy. Sleeping allows us to sort through (整理) the "noise" and dispense all the unnecessary information, leaving behind only the most important memories.
Recently, the university's research has provided direct evidence to support the theory. The experiment involved analyzing 6,920 synapses in the brain shavings from two groups of mice over a four-year period; one group had been allowed to sleep, while the other had been kept awake and entertained with toys. The researchers discovered that the brain shavings of the sleeping mice had nearly 20 percent fewer synapses than those that had been kept awake and entertained.
It was also evident during the study that the brain does not shave every synapse. 20% of neurons remained unchanged; these were most likely well-established memories. Therefore, although we may be sleeping to forget some of what we've learned, the brain "forgets" in a smart way.
Most researchers believe clearing our brains is not the only purpose of sleep. Resting our minds and bodies has also been found to help with other biological functions like strengthening our immunity. Though scientists may never agree on a single reason, they are all sure of one thing－a good night's rest is essential for our health. So try and spend at least a third of your day sleeping!
（1）What's the new discovery about the purpose of sleeping according to the text (no more than 15 words)
（2）What's the main idea of Paragraph 2 (no more than 10 words)
（3）What does the underlined word "dispense" in Paragraph 3 probably mean (no more than 5 words)
（4）What agreement do all the scientists probably reach about sleeping according to the text (no more than 10 words)
（5）What kind of sleeping habit do you have Please explain.(no more than 25 words)
【答案】（1）To forget some of the millions of new things we learn each day.
（2）How the neurons in the human brain help store information.
（3）Get rid of. / Do away with. / Take out. / Remove.
（4）A good night's rest is essential for our health.
（5）I usually sleep early and get up early, which is a good sleep habit and helps me keep energetic during the daytime. (Open)
8．任务型阅读
David Carter stands outside of the University of Texas' Austin campus every day, offering the same warm greeting to students who pass by. "Hello, my friend!"
Carter, now 68, is a beggar who once attended the school from 1972 to L975. Then, he was involved in a crash and got serious injuries. He then had trouble with substance abuse and faced mental health challenges, leading him to drop out before completing his degree.
"If I could change one thing about my past life, I would have stayed in school," Carter says. He says he knows an education can change someone's quality of life.
Carter had to beg in the last few years fora simple reason. "I'm always flat broke," he said. While most people would walk right by a beggar, Ryan Chandler, a junior at the university, decided to stop and chat with Carter-and he learned a valuable lesson: You can't judge a book by its cover.
"A lot of UT students see them as criminal vagrants (无业游民,乞丐) or think that they are dangerous or unfriendly, and that idea just isn't true," says Chandler.
Chandler got to know Carter and saw his potential. "He completed 87 hours of course credits, which is enough for a degree for most people, but he just never finished," Chandler says.
The student wrote a blog post about his new friend, and luckily, the right people heard about Carter and stepped in to help. The University of Texas readmitted Carter as a student, and a kind person who used to be a student UT offered to pay for Carter's tuition.
"I want to be a student and I want to learn," Carter said. Since the course requirements have changed, Carter is far from having the amount of credits needed to graduate. But his friend knows he's willing to take up the challenge. "He is capable, he is ready, and he is dedicated to this," Chandler says.
（1）Why didn't Carter finish his study at UT more than 40 years ago (no more than 10 words)
（2）How does Carter feel as a dropout (no more than 5 words)
（3）What does the underlined part in the fourth paragraph probably mean (no more than 5 words)
（4）What can be inferred about Carter in his study at UT (no more than 15 words)
（5）What do you think is the right way to know someone Please explain. (no more than 25 words)
【答案】（1）He got some health problems after a crash./He had the substance abuse problem and poor mental health.
（2）Regretful Sorry /He feels it a shame (a pity)/ He feels sorry for that (it).
（3）completely without money/ Not having any money/ Poor.
（4）Despite the challenge he faces, he's got capabilities and a positive attitude./He faces a challenge, but he has capabilities and a positive attitude.
（5）Instead of judging someone by his or her appearance, we should take time to communicate with the person patiently/sincerely to truly understand him or her.
9．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was in school, the class I dreaded most was my eighth grade art class. The teacher put down my every attempt at completing an assignment. I simply couldn't produce art the way she wanted it. Luckily, I'd already proven myself in other creative areas. Yet, that art teacher was successful in convincing me that I had no talent for painting, drawing, or anything related to them. Imagine my surprise when I published my nature photography and became a volunteer art teacher!
Unfortunately, my story is all too familiar to many people who come through my workshops and practice. Even more unfortunately, the vast majority of people were so discouraged in childhood that they cut off the creative impulse (冲动) in most areas of their lives. Their teachers, parents, or classmates convinced them they had no talent, so they gave up. The pain of failure was simply too great.
Why have we forgotten creativity is an experience, not a result Let's consider why we express creativity in first place. To be creative is to be human. Everything we've at our disposal(处理) is the result of someone's creative expression and willingness to take a risk. Even so, for creativity to flower and feel free of encumbrance (累赘), it needs to be about the joyful moments spent creating, not just about what we've to show for those moments. Whatever pattern you need to break, try to make it about the pleasure and not about the outcome.
Therefore, I'd urge you to curb your perfectionism not enthusiasm! Perfectionism is the leading killer of artistic expression. Relax a little and bring back your childlike nature when you create. Children instinctively (本能地) know how to give over to the joy — until someone teaches them otherwise! Let your creation be whatever it wants to be. See if it can lead you rather than the other way around. Let your unconsciousness come through, and let the expression of yourself be beautiful regardless of how it compares to anything else. After all, it's yours, and no one but you could create it!
（1）What made the author give up his dream of art (no more than 15 words)
（2）What does the third paragraph mainly tell us (no more than 10 words)
（3）Please explain the underlined word "curb" in English. (no more than 5 words)
（4）According to the passage, what is necessary for a creative person (no more than 10 words)
（5）Do you think you are more creative as a student Please give an example. (no more than 25 words)
【答案】（1）His teacher discouraged him and said he had no talent for art./His teacher convinced him that he had no talent for art.
（2）Creativity is an experience, not a result./We should enjoy being creative.
（3）Limit./Control./Hold./Keep...within limits./Keep...under control.
（4）The childlike nature of creativity.
（5）Yes, perhaps I am. I used to draw a lot of imaginative pictures in childhood./Yes, I often make some interesting handmade things by myself.
10．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
My family and I belonged to a country club located across the street from the Long Island Sound. Each summer, the big attraction for us was the pool. I learned how to swim and joined the swimming team but was never really a good swimmer. However, swimming in my younger days was a way to keep cool, and swimming on a team gave me identity and a sense of belonging. It also became invaluable many years later.
Fast-forward (快进) to 1973 - I was married, pregnant and had a home. What made our little home even more wonderful was when I discovered that four blocks away was Rath Park Pool! For the next 30 years, most of our summer days were spent around that pool.
Each of my five kids took swimming lessons and learned all the different swimming strokes (姿势).They later joined the swim team and competed in meets. My daughter even became a lifeguard at the town pool. I sat back and happily took it all in!
As much as I would have liked to have life stand still, it doesn't. My children outgrew their pool days and moved on. But the pool was still four blocks from my home, so I began to take up swimming again. And it was far better than I ever could have imagined. I got so much out of it that I joined the local pool so I could swim year-round. Whenever I swam, I would always come out feeling physically and mentally refreshed. I often felt that if I looked hard enough, I would be able to see all of the worries and problems I've had in life, sitting at the bottom of the pool!
What has swimming taught me I've learned that balance is the key to being a good swimmer. If you are balanced in the water, you have no resistance. Working on staying balanced made me realize the similarities between life in and out of the swim lane (泳道).If you work on keeping yourself balanced, you will be able to swim right through the stress and problems life throws at you!
（1）What influence does swimming ever have on the author according to Paragraph 1 (no more than 10 words)
（2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us (no more than 10 words)
（3）What is the meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 (no more than 10 words)
（4）What has the author learned from swimming (no more than 15 words)
（5）Name one of your favorite sports (swimming not included). What lesson can you learn from your sport, (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）It gave her identity and a sense of belonging.
（2）All of her children became good at swimming./Her children made great progress in swimming./Her children achieved a lot in swimming.
（3）Her children lost interest in swimming and continued their life./Her children showed no interest in swimming any more and went on with their life./Swimming no Ion ger interested her children and they continued their life.
（4）Finding a new way helps to overcome life difficulties./Keeping life balanced helps to overcome the stress and problems.
（5）Open
11．阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
At the start of nearly every doctor's visit, chances are that you will be asked to get your weight measured for that day's exam record - and you would be hard-pressed to find a person whose physician has not brought up his or her weight at some point, and doctors' recommendations to drop pounds are still extremely common. But many conversations around weight have become a barrier, not a help, in the campaign to make people healthier.
Higher body masses are associated with increased risk for hypertension, diabetes and coronary disease. Many studies have shown that heavier people are at higher risk for these illnesses. But the big picture is not the whole picture. Researchers have identified a smaller group of overweight people considered to be ''metabolically (新陈代谢地) healthy'' - meaning they do not exhibit high blood pressure or other diseases.
Research over the past two decades has shown that health professionals have negative attitudes toward fat people. Some refuse to see these patients at all, as the South Florida Sun Sentinel reported in 2011. Such practices keep people from regular annual exams and prevent the finding of serious underlying conditions. Not only that but doctors' appointments with fat patients are shorter on average, and they routinely use negative words in their medical histories of such people. And research suggests that the stress of being a heavy person may cause metabolic changes that may lead to more poor health outcomes.
To achieve better health outcomes, doctors should focus on behaviors that have proven positive outcomes for health instead of the weight-centric health care practice. And people of all sizes are entitled to evidence-based factors that empower them and keep them healthy. Lifestyle changes, such as eating fruits, vegetables and whole grains, along with increased physical activity, can improve blood pressure, levels and sensitivity - often independently of changes in body weight.
（1）What will you be asked to do when visiting a doctor for the first time (不多于4个单词)
（2）Why does the stress of being a heavy person may lead to more poor health outcomes (不多于6个单词)
（3）What are doctors expected to do to achieve better health outcomes (不多于10个单词)
（4）What is the passage mainly about (不多于4个单词)
【答案】（1）Get the weight measured.
（2）Because it may cause metabolic changes
（3）Focus on behaviors that have proven positive outcomes for health.
（4）Weight is not enough. / Weight doesn't count only.
12．阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Is traffic a big problem where you live Increased cycling may be the answer. Where are the best places to live and cycle A new report lists the best bike-friendly cities around the world.
Top of the list is Amsterdam, the bike capital of the world. An unbelievable 40% of all traffic movements are by bicycle. Copenhagen, the city of bikes, is a city where 32 % of workers cycle to work because it's fast and easy. Berlin is another European city that's great for cycling. The city has about 80 kilometers of bike lanes, and 50 kilometers of pavement (人行道) paths. Cycling accounts for 12% of total street traffic.
Barcelona has been praised for its cycle service ''Bicing'', a bicycle service that allows users to take and leave bicycles at any of the 100 stations spread around the city. The city has created a ''green ring'' that surrounds the city area of Barcelona with a bike path. There are 3,250 parking spaces for bikes at street level at present. Barcelona City is also building a new underground car park for bicycles.
The UK has its cycle-friendly cities too. Bristol is the birthplace of ''Sustrans'' — the cycle-route charity which was formed 30 years ago. One of their projects was turning an old rail line between Bristol and Bath into a bike route. Other bike-friendly cities in the UK include Cambridge and York.
Bicycle is a most popular means of transportation in China. Nowadays, riding a bicycle is also a good way to support low-carbon living. There are many riding routes in Beijing for outdoor-lovers to explore. Cyclists can get close enough to experience the history and culture of Beijing, including the Forbidden City, the Bird's Nest, Hutong etc.
（1）Why do 32% of workers cycle to work in Copenhagen (不多于六个单词)
（2）What is "Sustrans'' ？(不多于三个单词)
（3）What is also a good way to support low-carbon living nowadays (不多于三个单词)
（4）What is the passage mainly about (不多于七个单词)
【答案】（1）Because it's fast and easy.
（2）A cycle-route charity.
（3）Riding a bicycle.
（4）The best cities for cycling．
13．阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment and self-improvement.
Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or a three-day vacation. I don't know any parent who would choose the word "fun" to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
（1）According to the author, why does a bachelor resist marriage？（no more than 10 words）
（2）What is the author's opinion on raising children？（no more than 10 words）
（3）Please explain the underlined word "commitment" in English in Paragraph 3. （no more than 1 word）
（4）What is the author trying to tell us？ (no more than 10 words)
（5）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？（no more than 20 words）
【答案】（1）Because he is afraid of making a commitment/ taking on family responsibilities.
（2）It is a rewarding job./It involves pain but leads to happiness./It is not fun but full of joy and happiness.
（3）Responsibility/ Promise/Devotion.
（4）Happiness often goes hand in hand with (together with) pain.
（5）The money spent on fancy clothes and new cars isn't worth because those things can't bring us more happiness.
14．阅读下面短文并按要求完成阅读任务。
Most cultures have a festival of light. Each culture celebrates this festival in a different way. There is one thing that is the same, however, and this is the wish for peace and happiness in the world.
The Jewish Festival of Light is called Hanukkah. Hanukkah usually takes place in December. The story of why Hanukkah is celebrated is very old. It is told that a very long time ago, Jewish people called the Macabees were at war with a country called Syria. On the day that the Macabees won the war, they cleaned up their holy place, which is called a temple, because the Syrian people had been living there. They wanted to light their holy lamps to say thank you for the end of the war, but found only a very small amount of oil left over to do that. The Macabees lit the lamps anyway, thinking that they would soon go out. The lamps kept burning for eight days! The Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah every year by lighting a candlestick that has eight candleholders. Every night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eight candles stand together. Presents are given at this time and money is given to the poor.
Lanterns are another form of light. In China, lanterns are famous works of art. The Lantern Festival goes back more than 2,000 years to the Qin Dynasty. It takes place on the 15thday of the Chinese New Year, bringing the New Year season to a close. During the festival, parks become a sea of lanterns. Sometimes streets are blocked off and lanterns are put down on each side to make a hallway of lanterns. People also hang lanterns in their gardens, outside their houses or on boats. The lanterns are made in many shapes, sizes and colours. They are usually made from silk, paper and plastic. Some are even made from ice. It is believed that these lanterns will guide visitors and the spirits of ancestors to the celebrations. The Lantern Festival is a time for families, young and old to spend together. Every New Year the wish is the same—peace and happiness to all.
（1）What's the same with the festivals of light in different cultures (不超过11个单词)
（2）Why do the Jewish light a new candle every night during the festival (不超过12个单词)
（3）What festival brings an end to the new year season (不超过5个单词)
（4）What is the purpose of this article (不超过8个单词)
【答案】（1）The wish for peace and happiness in the world
（2）To ensure all eight candles stand together on the eighth night
（3）The Lantern Festival
（4）To introduce festivals of light from two cultures
15．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party. I got so angry with him for laying down the law. I would scream, "I hate you!" Dad would yell back, "Good! I don't care!" Deep down I knew he did.
One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick. I said, "Call my dad." Next thing, Dad was carrying me to the car. I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticised. As expected,I got a roasting, but I now understand why I need discipline.
Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films. I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress. Like those early days for Dad, I faced lots of rejections. Working in such a competitive industry, I've sometimes thought, "I can't do this any more."
Once, after a trip to Hollywood, I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting, listening to Eckhart Tolle's music and trying to find myself again. Dad sat me down and said," Alice, I know it's hard, but it's all about persistence (坚持不懈)."
Now I get to work with Dad a lot, which I love. We both passionate about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people. If it weren't for Dad, I wouldn't be where I am today. He's my biggest fan, and when you have that in your life you can go a long way.
（1）What rules did Alice's father set for her when she was growing up (no more than 15 words)
（2）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean (no more than 5 words)
（3）What did Alice's father do when she felt depressed (no more than 5 words)
（4）According to the last paragraph, what do Alice and her father have in common (no more than 10 words)
（5）What do you think of Alice's father Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）She should make her bed, do her homework and drink no alcohol.
Or: Making her bed, doing her homework and drinking no alcohol.
（2）I got/was criticised/scolded.
（3）He encouraged/comforted/inspired her.
（4）They are both passionate about acting and interested in people.
（5）He is a good/devoted/caring/loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble. Or: He is always supportive/as our ceofstrength. Whenevers he is in trouble, he is there for her.2024年高考英语三轮冲刺考前任务型阅读小专题训练
阅读表达
1．阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else's shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of "cool". For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) one. My legs just weren't made to run like his. I could never play football or basketball well.
I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself. This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of "cool".
I don't know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school, but one day I chanced to show up for an after-school meeting of the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn't fit Tyson's definition of "cool", I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did.
As we organized teams, prepared resources and practiced answering questions, I felt more connected than I ever had to any sports team. I didn't feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else; I was finally with peers who understood me. It was so good to feel accepted for what I'm good at. For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool. Now I know who I am! I'm Tyson's little brother, but that's only part of my identity. I'm a cool guy in my own way, too. I'm relieved to know that "cool" has a much broader definition than what I used to think.
（1）How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1 (no more than 8 words)
（2）What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved (no more than 15 words)
（3）According to Paragraph 3, what marked the turning point in the author's growth (no more than 7 words)
（4）What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about (no more than 10 words)
（5）What is your example of "cool" Please explain why. (no more than 20 words)
2．任务型阅读
When my friends went to college in great delight, I restarted my senior high school life. My spirit sank. Surrounded by strange classmates, I felt like I was in a maze and was sorry about myself. There were some complex feelings in my minds. I was frightened, nervous and lonely.
To make matters worse, I recalled my failure again and again, which put more pressure on me than I could bear. As a result, I was always feeling down during class time.
My teacher found me spiritless. One day he asked me to come to his office and told me about his attitude towards life: we might suffer from mistakes, but it's important to learn lessons from them. All the pains and the embarrassing things we experience are part of the process. So keep up your spirit! At last, he added, "If you are optimistic, things you want may happen to you!"
Warmth rushed through my soul. I suddenly found the sun shining again when I stepped out of his office.
With the teacher's help, I eventually got over my depression. From then on, I no longer bowed my head and began smiling to my classmates. I would put up my hand confidently in class and play with my new friends in my spare time. Meanwhile, I was gradually embracedby my classmates.
Now faced with fierce competition, we all study hard because we know that every second counts. Moreover, there is an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect between us. I love my class; I love my classmates!
To be frank, I still have a thirst for my dream university, but I'm not afraid of failure because I can profit by it. With parents and teachers' encouragement, I'm quite certain of my success and I'm sure I can fly high.
（1）Why was the writer in low spirits at the beginning (No more than 10 words)
（2）What did the teacher expect the writer to do (No more than 10 words)
（3）What is the main idea of Paragraph 5 (No more than 15 words)
（4）What does the underlined word "embraced" in paragraph 5 mean in English
（5）What will you do if you are faced with failure (No more than 20 words)
3．任务型阅读
Every year, thousands of teenagers participate in programs at their local art museums. But do any of them remember their time at museum events later in life A new report suggests that the answer is yes – and finds that alumni (毕业生) of arts-based museum programs credit them with changing the course of their lives, even years after the fact.
The Whitney Museum of American Art, the Walker Art Center and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles recently asked researchers to conduct a study to find out how effective their long-standing teen art programs really are. They involved over 300 former participants of four programs for teens that have been in existence since the 1990s. Alumni, whose current ages range from 18 to 36, were invited to find out how they viewed their participation years after the fact.
Among the alumni surveyed, 75 percent of alumni rated the teen program experience as the most favorable impacton their own lives, beating family, school and their neighborhoods. Nearly 55 percent thought that it was one of the most important experiences they'd ever had, regardless of age. And two-thirds said that they were often in situations where their experience in museums affected their actions or thoughts.
It turns out that participating in art programs also helps keep teens enthusiastic about culture even after they reach adulthood: 96 percent of participants had visited an art museum within the last two years, and 68 percent had visited an art museum five or more times within the last two years. Thirty-two percent of program alumni work in the arts as adults.
Though the study is the first of its kind to explore the impact of teen-specific art programs in museums, it reflects other research on the important benefits of engaging with the arts. A decade of surveys by the National Endowment for the Arts found that childhood experience with the arts is significantly associated with their income and educational attainment (成就) as adults. Other studies have linked arts education to everything from lower drop-out rates to improvement in critical thinking skills.
（1）What is the purpose of the study conducted (no more than 15 words)
（2）What do the figures (数字) in Paragraph 3 show (no more than 10 words)
（3）What does Paragraph 4 tell us about art programs (no more than 10 words)
（4）What does the underlined word in the third paragraph probably mean (1 word)
（5）What do you think of the art programs Give your reason. (no more than 20 words)
4．阅读短文，并按题目要求用英语回答问题。
Since the mid-1980s, the Aluminum Cans for Burned Children Burn Camp has been offering children with burn sears a week of relief. "They have a lot of emotional things that they go through, trying to fit back in with society with their scars," said Becky Mundy burn center education coordinator at Akron Children's Hospital.
The camp typically has around 15 campers. Many are repeat customers, and most were treated at Akron Children's Hospital or began coming after they moved to the area. The camp is free to campers and is funded by an organization named Aluminum Cans for Burned Children which raises money for burn survivors and their families.
The Thursday of the camp week is Fire Truck Day, when dozens of local fire trucks arrive, along with camp alumni(校友），doctors and nurses, and family members. Campers get to see fire vehicles up close and interact with the firefighters.
Sometimes they are the very ones who rescued the campers, months or years earlier. It is, they say, a bond that never goes away. But Fire Truck Day contributes in another way, allowing them to see each other in a different light.
Memories of a bad fire can be unforgettable. Nearly two years ago, Pazdernik carried an injured girl out of a burning house in which her parents perished, and later the girl was adopted by a kind family.
On Fire Truck Day, Pazdernik got to see the girl he saved, Shaniya Simpson. She shared a hug with the firefighters who had rescued her. and said it was good to see them.
＂I think it helps her heal," said Kim Canterbury, who was Shaniya's teacher at the time of the fire." Just by saying thank you."
It was good for Pazdernik, too. "To see her go on with life and be happy, you're able to see that you had an impact on her," he said. "lt's definitely a lot more fulfilling."
（1）Which kind of children does the camp work for (no more than 5 words)
（2）Who provides financial support for the camp (no more than 10 words)
（3）Why does Fire Truck Day have special meaning to both firefighters and the campers （no more than 15 words)
（4）What does the underlined word "perished" in Paragraph 5 mean (only I word)
（5）If you are to be a volunteer of the camp, what will you do to help the campers （no more than 25 words)
5．任务型阅读
A funny thing happened about a month ago when I opened the double doors of a small storage area in the back of my house where I kept my garden supplies during the long winter.
There, on top of a tower of dirt-filled pots, was a flash of green, topped with two of the most unlikely pink flowers you've ever seen. A quick examination showed that, in fact, this was a living, growing plant.
How was this possible I was lost in thought. I couldn't figure out how the plant survived under such environment. The unheated space had been sealed up (被密封) by us all winter, except for the times when we opened the doors to take the tools. It was still cold outside. Could this be one of those garden miracles I'd read about
I wondered what helped the plant exist. I looked around and discovered something approaching an explanation. There are small glasses along the top of the double doors. And it's possible that a ray of sun beams (照射) directly on that pot, giving it just enough light and warmth to let it to live in its own personal greenhouse.
I learned some lessons from this wonderful plant.
For one thing, I am moved by the accident of the whole thing. Had I started to put my pot six inches to the left or right of that spot, the plant might not have deriveda little warmth from the sunshine. Had I pulled out the roots of the plant instead of cutting back the greenery in late fall, there would have been nothing but dirt in that pot.
But there's something else that inspires me about this. Just how little light and warmth it took for this plant to move forward, grow and flower. It is wonderful to consider that just a drop of sunshine can awaken a day, a place and a life. When it comes to positivity, a little goes a long way.
（1）How did the plant look like (no more than 10 words)
（2）In what environment did the plant grow (no more than 10 words)
（3）What helped the plant exist (no more than 10 words)
（4）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean (1 word)
（5）What do you learn from the story Please explain in your own words.(no more than 20 words)
6．阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
Mothers and fathers all over the world teach their children manners. Other children may have manners that are not like yours. There are all kinds of manners.
Many years ago, children who had good manners were seen and not heard. They kept quite quiet if grown-ups were talking. Today, well-mannered children have more freedom.
Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places.
Suppose you are a visitor in the land of Mongolia. Some friends ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have They want you to give a loud "burp" after you finish eating. Burping would show that you liked your food.
In some countries, if you give a loud burp, y“ou are told to say Excuse me, please." In many places, people like to eat together But in some parts of Polynesia, it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. People show good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat.
What are manners like in an East African town The people try not to see you. They are being polite. You may see a friend. He may not see you at all. If you are polite, you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing. Then he will talk to you.
Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia. You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent. If you pass in front of the other tents, you'll be asked into each one. The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no.
Manners are different all over the world. But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way. People needed ways to show that they wanted to be friends.
（1）What is the best title of the passage (no more than 10 words)
（2）How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 (no more than 10 words)
（3）In Mongolia, what action is thought to be a good manner according to the passage (no more than 6 words)
（4）What are well-mannered people expected to act in some parts of Polynesia during eating (no more than 10 words)
（5）Traditionally, what is a good manner during eating in China (no more than 20 words)
7．阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。
Why would human beings waste a third of their lives sleeping when they could be doing more important things like looking after their families or working Some scientists believe sleeping helps recharge the body, while others think it is important for strengthening newly-formed memories. Now, there is new evidence which suggests that the purpose of sleep may be to forget some of the millions of new things we learn each day.
The neurons in the human brain consist of fibers called dendrites (树突). These grow as we learn new things and connect the brain's cells to each other at contact points called synapses (突触). The larger the dendrites become and the more cells they connect, the more information we store.
In 2018, Giulio Tononi and Chiara Cirelli, both biologists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, suggested a new idea: The things our brains learn each day result in so many synapses that things start to get a little messy. Sleeping allows us to sort through (整理) the "noise" and dispense all the unnecessary information, leaving behind only the most important memories.
Recently, the university's research has provided direct evidence to support the theory. The experiment involved analyzing 6,920 synapses in the brain shavings from two groups of mice over a four-year period; one group had been allowed to sleep, while the other had been kept awake and entertained with toys. The researchers discovered that the brain shavings of the sleeping mice had nearly 20 percent fewer synapses than those that had been kept awake and entertained.
It was also evident during the study that the brain does not shave every synapse. 20% of neurons remained unchanged; these were most likely well-established memories. Therefore, although we may be sleeping to forget some of what we've learned, the brain "forgets" in a smart way.
Most researchers believe clearing our brains is not the only purpose of sleep. Resting our minds and bodies has also been found to help with other biological functions like strengthening our immunity. Though scientists may never agree on a single reason, they are all sure of one thing－a good night's rest is essential for our health. So try and spend at least a third of your day sleeping!
（1）What's the new discovery about the purpose of sleeping according to the text (no more than 15 words)
（2）What's the main idea of Paragraph 2 (no more than 10 words)
（3）What does the underlined word "dispense" in Paragraph 3 probably mean (no more than 5 words)
（4）What agreement do all the scientists probably reach about sleeping according to the text (no more than 10 words)
（5）What kind of sleeping habit do you have Please explain.(no more than 25 words)
8．任务型阅读
David Carter stands outside of the University of Texas' Austin campus every day, offering the same warm greeting to students who pass by. "Hello, my friend!"
Carter, now 68, is a beggar who once attended the school from 1972 to L975. Then, he was involved in a crash and got serious injuries. He then had trouble with substance abuse and faced mental health challenges, leading him to drop out before completing his degree.
"If I could change one thing about my past life, I would have stayed in school," Carter says. He says he knows an education can change someone's quality of life.
Carter had to beg in the last few years fora simple reason. "I'm always flat broke," he said. While most people would walk right by a beggar, Ryan Chandler, a junior at the university, decided to stop and chat with Carter-and he learned a valuable lesson: You can't judge a book by its cover.
"A lot of UT students see them as criminal vagrants (无业游民,乞丐) or think that they are dangerous or unfriendly, and that idea just isn't true," says Chandler.
Chandler got to know Carter and saw his potential. "He completed 87 hours of course credits, which is enough for a degree for most people, but he just never finished," Chandler says.
The student wrote a blog post about his new friend, and luckily, the right people heard about Carter and stepped in to help. The University of Texas readmitted Carter as a student, and a kind person who used to be a student UT offered to pay for Carter's tuition.
"I want to be a student and I want to learn," Carter said. Since the course requirements have changed, Carter is far from having the amount of credits needed to graduate. But his friend knows he's willing to take up the challenge. "He is capable, he is ready, and he is dedicated to this," Chandler says.
（1）Why didn't Carter finish his study at UT more than 40 years ago (no more than 10 words)
（2）How does Carter feel as a dropout (no more than 5 words)
（3）What does the underlined part in the fourth paragraph probably mean (no more than 5 words)
（4）What can be inferred about Carter in his study at UT (no more than 15 words)
（5）What do you think is the right way to know someone Please explain. (no more than 25 words)
9．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was in school, the class I dreaded most was my eighth grade art class. The teacher put down my every attempt at completing an assignment. I simply couldn't produce art the way she wanted it. Luckily, I'd already proven myself in other creative areas. Yet, that art teacher was successful in convincing me that I had no talent for painting, drawing, or anything related to them. Imagine my surprise when I published my nature photography and became a volunteer art teacher!
Unfortunately, my story is all too familiar to many people who come through my workshops and practice. Even more unfortunately, the vast majority of people were so discouraged in childhood that they cut off the creative impulse (冲动) in most areas of their lives. Their teachers, parents, or classmates convinced them they had no talent, so they gave up. The pain of failure was simply too great.
Why have we forgotten creativity is an experience, not a result Let's consider why we express creativity in first place. To be creative is to be human. Everything we've at our disposal(处理) is the result of someone's creative expression and willingness to take a risk. Even so, for creativity to flower and feel free of encumbrance (累赘), it needs to be about the joyful moments spent creating, not just about what we've to show for those moments. Whatever pattern you need to break, try to make it about the pleasure and not about the outcome.
Therefore, I'd urge you to curb your perfectionism not enthusiasm! Perfectionism is the leading killer of artistic expression. Relax a little and bring back your childlike nature when you create. Children instinctively (本能地) know how to give over to the joy — until someone teaches them otherwise! Let your creation be whatever it wants to be. See if it can lead you rather than the other way around. Let your unconsciousness come through, and let the expression of yourself be beautiful regardless of how it compares to anything else. After all, it's yours, and no one but you could create it!
（1）What made the author give up his dream of art (no more than 15 words)
（2）What does the third paragraph mainly tell us (no more than 10 words)
（3）Please explain the underlined word "curb" in English. (no more than 5 words)
（4）According to the passage, what is necessary for a creative person (no more than 10 words)
（5）Do you think you are more creative as a student Please give an example. (no more than 25 words)
10．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
My family and I belonged to a country club located across the street from the Long Island Sound. Each summer, the big attraction for us was the pool. I learned how to swim and joined the swimming team but was never really a good swimmer. However, swimming in my younger days was a way to keep cool, and swimming on a team gave me identity and a sense of belonging. It also became invaluable many years later.
Fast-forward (快进) to 1973 - I was married, pregnant and had a home. What made our little home even more wonderful was when I discovered that four blocks away was Rath Park Pool! For the next 30 years, most of our summer days were spent around that pool.
Each of my five kids took swimming lessons and learned all the different swimming strokes (姿势).They later joined the swim team and competed in meets. My daughter even became a lifeguard at the town pool. I sat back and happily took it all in!
As much as I would have liked to have life stand still, it doesn't. My children outgrew their pool days and moved on. But the pool was still four blocks from my home, so I began to take up swimming again. And it was far better than I ever could have imagined. I got so much out of it that I joined the local pool so I could swim year-round. Whenever I swam, I would always come out feeling physically and mentally refreshed. I often felt that if I looked hard enough, I would be able to see all of the worries and problems I've had in life, sitting at the bottom of the pool!
What has swimming taught me I've learned that balance is the key to being a good swimmer. If you are balanced in the water, you have no resistance. Working on staying balanced made me realize the similarities between life in and out of the swim lane (泳道).If you work on keeping yourself balanced, you will be able to swim right through the stress and problems life throws at you!
（1）What influence does swimming ever have on the author according to Paragraph 1 (no more than 10 words)
（2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us (no more than 10 words)
（3）What is the meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 (no more than 10 words)
（4）What has the author learned from swimming (no more than 15 words)
（5）Name one of your favorite sports (swimming not included). What lesson can you learn from your sport, (no more than 20 words)
11．阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
At the start of nearly every doctor's visit, chances are that you will be asked to get your weight measured for that day's exam record - and you would be hard-pressed to find a person whose physician has not brought up his or her weight at some point, and doctors' recommendations to drop pounds are still extremely common. But many conversations around weight have become a barrier, not a help, in the campaign to make people healthier.
Higher body masses are associated with increased risk for hypertension, diabetes and coronary disease. Many studies have shown that heavier people are at higher risk for these illnesses. But the big picture is not the whole picture. Researchers have identified a smaller group of overweight people considered to be ''metabolically (新陈代谢地) healthy'' - meaning they do not exhibit high blood pressure or other diseases.
Research over the past two decades has shown that health professionals have negative attitudes toward fat people. Some refuse to see these patients at all, as the South Florida Sun Sentinel reported in 2011. Such practices keep people from regular annual exams and prevent the finding of serious underlying conditions. Not only that but doctors' appointments with fat patients are shorter on average, and they routinely use negative words in their medical histories of such people. And research suggests that the stress of being a heavy person may cause metabolic changes that may lead to more poor health outcomes.
To achieve better health outcomes, doctors should focus on behaviors that have proven positive outcomes for health instead of the weight-centric health care practice. And people of all sizes are entitled to evidence-based factors that empower them and keep them healthy. Lifestyle changes, such as eating fruits, vegetables and whole grains, along with increased physical activity, can improve blood pressure, levels and sensitivity - often independently of changes in body weight.
（1）What will you be asked to do when visiting a doctor for the first time (不多于4个单词)
（2）Why does the stress of being a heavy person may lead to more poor health outcomes (不多于6个单词)
（3）What are doctors expected to do to achieve better health outcomes (不多于10个单词)
（4）What is the passage mainly about (不多于4个单词)
12．阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Is traffic a big problem where you live Increased cycling may be the answer. Where are the best places to live and cycle A new report lists the best bike-friendly cities around the world.
Top of the list is Amsterdam, the bike capital of the world. An unbelievable 40% of all traffic movements are by bicycle. Copenhagen, the city of bikes, is a city where 32 % of workers cycle to work because it's fast and easy. Berlin is another European city that's great for cycling. The city has about 80 kilometers of bike lanes, and 50 kilometers of pavement (人行道) paths. Cycling accounts for 12% of total street traffic.
Barcelona has been praised for its cycle service ''Bicing'', a bicycle service that allows users to take and leave bicycles at any of the 100 stations spread around the city. The city has created a ''green ring'' that surrounds the city area of Barcelona with a bike path. There are 3,250 parking spaces for bikes at street level at present. Barcelona City is also building a new underground car park for bicycles.
The UK has its cycle-friendly cities too. Bristol is the birthplace of ''Sustrans'' — the cycle-route charity which was formed 30 years ago. One of their projects was turning an old rail line between Bristol and Bath into a bike route. Other bike-friendly cities in the UK include Cambridge and York.
Bicycle is a most popular means of transportation in China. Nowadays, riding a bicycle is also a good way to support low-carbon living. There are many riding routes in Beijing for outdoor-lovers to explore. Cyclists can get close enough to experience the history and culture of Beijing, including the Forbidden City, the Bird's Nest, Hutong etc.
（1）Why do 32% of workers cycle to work in Copenhagen (不多于六个单词)
（2）What is "Sustrans'' ？(不多于三个单词)
（3）What is also a good way to support low-carbon living nowadays (不多于三个单词)
（4）What is the passage mainly about (不多于七个单词)
13．阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment and self-improvement.
Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or a three-day vacation. I don't know any parent who would choose the word "fun" to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
（1）According to the author, why does a bachelor resist marriage？（no more than 10 words）
（2）What is the author's opinion on raising children？（no more than 10 words）
（3）Please explain the underlined word "commitment" in English in Paragraph 3. （no more than 1 word）
（4）What is the author trying to tell us？ (no more than 10 words)
（5）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？（no more than 20 words）
14．阅读下面短文并按要求完成阅读任务。
Most cultures have a festival of light. Each culture celebrates this festival in a different way. There is one thing that is the same, however, and this is the wish for peace and happiness in the world.
The Jewish Festival of Light is called Hanukkah. Hanukkah usually takes place in December. The story of why Hanukkah is celebrated is very old. It is told that a very long time ago, Jewish people called the Macabees were at war with a country called Syria. On the day that the Macabees won the war, they cleaned up their holy place, which is called a temple, because the Syrian people had been living there. They wanted to light their holy lamps to say thank you for the end of the war, but found only a very small amount of oil left over to do that. The Macabees lit the lamps anyway, thinking that they would soon go out. The lamps kept burning for eight days! The Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah every year by lighting a candlestick that has eight candleholders. Every night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eight candles stand together. Presents are given at this time and money is given to the poor.
Lanterns are another form of light. In China, lanterns are famous works of art. The Lantern Festival goes back more than 2,000 years to the Qin Dynasty. It takes place on the 15thday of the Chinese New Year, bringing the New Year season to a close. During the festival, parks become a sea of lanterns. Sometimes streets are blocked off and lanterns are put down on each side to make a hallway of lanterns. People also hang lanterns in their gardens, outside their houses or on boats. The lanterns are made in many shapes, sizes and colours. They are usually made from silk, paper and plastic. Some are even made from ice. It is believed that these lanterns will guide visitors and the spirits of ancestors to the celebrations. The Lantern Festival is a time for families, young and old to spend together. Every New Year the wish is the same—peace and happiness to all.
（1）What's the same with the festivals of light in different cultures (不超过11个单词)
（2）Why do the Jewish light a new candle every night during the festival (不超过12个单词)
（3）What festival brings an end to the new year season (不超过5个单词)
（4）What is the purpose of this article (不超过8个单词)
15．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party. I got so angry with him for laying down the law. I would scream, "I hate you!" Dad would yell back, "Good! I don't care!" Deep down I knew he did.
One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick. I said, "Call my dad." Next thing, Dad was carrying me to the car. I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticised. As expected,I got a roasting, but I now understand why I need discipline.
Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films. I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress. Like those early days for Dad, I faced lots of rejections. Working in such a competitive industry, I've sometimes thought, "I can't do this any more."
Once, after a trip to Hollywood, I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting, listening to Eckhart Tolle's music and trying to find myself again. Dad sat me down and said," Alice, I know it's hard, but it's all about persistence (坚持不懈)."
Now I get to work with Dad a lot, which I love. We both passionate about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people. If it weren't for Dad, I wouldn't be where I am today. He's my biggest fan, and when you have that in your life you can go a long way.
（1）What rules did Alice's father set for her when she was growing up (no more than 15 words)
（2）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean (no more than 5 words)
（3）What did Alice's father do when she felt depressed (no more than 5 words)
（4）According to the last paragraph, what do Alice and her father have in common (no more than 10 words)
（5）What do you think of Alice's father Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）Receiving less attention than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling neglected.
（2）That his brother left for college and he changed schools.
Or: Tyson's leaving for college and the author's going to/attending a new school.
（3）Joining the Science Olympiad team.
Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team.
Or: Discovering his true interests (in science).
（4）(How) the author discovered a broader definition of "cool".
Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool.
Or: He found his own identity.
（5）Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am.
Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy.
Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure.
2．【答案】（1）Because he could not go to college.
（2）The teacher expected him to be optimistic.
（3）With the teacher's help, he eventually got over his depression.
（4）Accepted; welcomed.
（5）I will face failure bravely/I will try to be optimistic.
3．【答案】（1）To find out how effective their long-standing teen art programs really are.
（2）Teen art programs in museums are highly beneficial.
（3）They help keep teens enthusiastic about culture. / Positive effects of art programs on teens.
（4）Influence. / Effect.
（5）They are of great use because they have a life-long positive effect on us in many aspects.
4．【答案】（1）Children with burn scars.
（2）An organization named Aluminum Cans for Burned Children. Or: Aluminum Cans for Burned Children.
（3）Because it allows them to see each other in a different light.
（4）Died.
（5）I'll treat the poor children like my own brothers and sisters and try my best to help them fit back in with society.
5．【答案】（1）It was green and living, with pink flowers.
（2）An unheated space sealed up almost all winter.
（3）A ray of sunshine coming from the outside.
（4）Got/Obtained.
（5）We should be positive because positive energy even a little, can spread and bring hope to many aspects of life.
6．【答案】（1）Different kinds of manners (all over the world).
（2）Children with good manners don't interrupt the speaking adults.
（3）Giving a loud "burp"
（4）To turn their backs on others.
（5）Heading to the right seat and never starting eating before all guests gather together.
7．【答案】（1）To forget some of the millions of new things we learn each day.
（2）How the neurons in the human brain help store information.
（3）Get rid of. / Do away with. / Take out. / Remove.
（4）A good night's rest is essential for our health.
（5）I usually sleep early and get up early, which is a good sleep habit and helps me keep energetic during the daytime. (Open)
8．【答案】（1）He got some health problems after a crash./He had the substance abuse problem and poor mental health.
（2）Regretful Sorry /He feels it a shame (a pity)/ He feels sorry for that (it).
（3）completely without money/ Not having any money/ Poor.
（4）Despite the challenge he faces, he's got capabilities and a positive attitude./He faces a challenge, but he has capabilities and a positive attitude.
（5）Instead of judging someone by his or her appearance, we should take time to communicate with the person patiently/sincerely to truly understand him or her.
9．【答案】（1）His teacher discouraged him and said he had no talent for art./His teacher convinced him that he had no talent for art.
（2）Creativity is an experience, not a result./We should enjoy being creative.
（3）Limit./Control./Hold./Keep...within limits./Keep...under control.
（4）The childlike nature of creativity.
（5）Yes, perhaps I am. I used to draw a lot of imaginative pictures in childhood./Yes, I often make some interesting handmade things by myself.
10．【答案】（1）It gave her identity and a sense of belonging.
（2）All of her children became good at swimming./Her children made great progress in swimming./Her children achieved a lot in swimming.
（3）Her children lost interest in swimming and continued their life./Her children showed no interest in swimming any more and went on with their life./Swimming no Ion ger interested her children and they continued their life.
（4）Finding a new way helps to overcome life difficulties./Keeping life balanced helps to overcome the stress and problems.
（5）Open
11．【答案】（1）Get the weight measured.
（2）Because it may cause metabolic changes
（3）Focus on behaviors that have proven positive outcomes for health.
（4）Weight is not enough. / Weight doesn't count only.
12．【答案】（1）Because it's fast and easy.
（2）A cycle-route charity.
（3）Riding a bicycle.
（4）The best cities for cycling．
13．【答案】（1）Because he is afraid of making a commitment/ taking on family responsibilities.
（2）It is a rewarding job./It involves pain but leads to happiness./It is not fun but full of joy and happiness.
（3）Responsibility/ Promise/Devotion.
（4）Happiness often goes hand in hand with (together with) pain.
（5）The money spent on fancy clothes and new cars isn't worth because those things can't bring us more happiness.
14．【答案】（1）The wish for peace and happiness in the world
（2）To ensure all eight candles stand together on the eighth night
（3）The Lantern Festival
（4）To introduce festivals of light from two cultures
15．【答案】（1）She should make her bed, do her homework and drink no alcohol.
Or: Making her bed, doing her homework and drinking no alcohol.
（2）I got/was criticised/scolded.
（3）He encouraged/comforted/inspired her.
（4）They are both passionate about acting and interested in people.
（5）He is a good/devoted/caring/loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble. Or: He is always supportive/as our ceofstrength. Whenevers he is in trouble, he is there for her.
