Unit 3 Reading and Thinking习题检测
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1. My stay in America was a unique opportunity for me to explore the American culture and see the__________(diverse) of people's life there.
【答案】diversity 句意为：在美国的逗留对我来说是一个独特的机会，让我可以探索美国文化，并看到那里的人们生活的多样性。设空处前有定冠词the修饰，设空处作see的宾语，应用名词。故填diversity。
I have been__________(fortune) enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer.
【答案】fortunate 句意为：我有幸作为讲师访问过世界上许多地方。根据 to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer 可知，此处是指“幸运的”，所以应用形容词作表语。故填fortunate。
It's suggested that you should read the novel in its__________(history) background.
【答案】historical 句意为：建议你在读这本小说时，要了解它的历史背景。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词background。故填historical。
【易混辨析】historical 和historic的用法区别
historical adj.有关历史的；历史上的；历史学的；历史题材的historic adj.古老的；历史上重要的；具有历史意义的.
Apart __________having fun with friends, travelling will be another way to relax and learn.
【答案】from 句意为：除了和朋友一起玩得开心之外，旅行也是放松和学习的一种方式。apart from 为固定短语，意为“除了······之外（还）”。故填from。
The sharp earthquake and the suffering it brought__________ have had a lasting effect on the local people's life.
【答案】about 句意为：这次剧烈的地震和它带来的苦难给当地人民的生活带来了持续的影响。bring about为固定短语，意为“造成；引起”。故填about。
In just a few decades, China's experience in reducing hunger has become a shining example of countries seeking________(learn) from that success.
【答案】to learn 句意为：在短短几十年里，中国在减少饥饿方面的经验已成为各国寻求借鉴这一成功举措的光辉榜样。seek to do sth为固定搭配，意为“寻求做某事”。故填to learn。
He received congratulations from his friends after__________(admit) to Tsinghua University.
【答案】being admitted 句意为：被清华大学录取后，他收到了朋友们的祝贺。设空处位于介词after后，作介词的宾语，且admit与其逻辑主语He之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动式。故填being admitted。
One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots,__________(relieve)feelings of homesickness.
【答案】relieving 句意为：一口舒适的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源，缓解思乡之情。句中takes为谓语动词，与设空处无连词连接，故设空处使用非谓语形式，relieve与其逻辑主语One mouthful of comfort food之间是主动关系，且表伴随，所以用现在分词作状语。故填relieving。
He is thought__________(behave) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
【答案】to have behaved sb/sth is thought/believed/... to have done...意为“人们认为某人／某物已经做了·····”。结合语境可知，前一句中behave这个动作发生在后一句中blame这个动作之前，表示“他已经做了蠢事”，应用动词不定式的完成式。故填to have behaved。
The transport will improve a lot in Nantong, with another two bridges__________(construct) over Yangtze River in the near future.
【答案】to be constructed 此处表示将来的动作，应用不定式，且another two bridges与construct构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用to be done形式。顾填to be constructed.
二、根据所给汉语提示填空
根据提示补全句子。
1．灰姑娘从来没有想到她有一天会成为公主。（occur）
________ ________ ________ ________ ________Cinderella that she would become a princess someday.
2．飓风过后，成千上万的志愿者奔赴灾区，他们中有商人，也有工人。（head）
After the hurricane,_______ ________ ________ ________ ________the disaster area, ranging from businessmen to workers.
3．他们不知道在工商业中谋生有多难。（earn）
They don't know________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in industry and commerce.
领头的男子挥舞着右臂，好像在示意我们停下来。（as if；省略；名词signal)
The man in the lead swung his right arm________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
5．幸运的是，这只小鹿幸免于难。（escape）,
________the little deer________ ________ ________.
【答案】
It had never occurred to
thousands of volunteers headed to /for
how difficult to earn a living
as if making a signal for us to stop
Fortunately; escaped being killed
三、课文改编填空
21 June was Li Lan's first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting Napa Valley. She 1________(admit) that it definitely felt good to come back to the city again.The fact that the city rebuilt itself after the 2________(occur)of the earthquake in 1906 is amazing. Located on top of big hills, many beautiful old buildings offer great 3________(view) of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge.
4________(walk) around and looked at the street art for a few hours, then Li Lan ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles for lunch. In the afternoon, Li Lan headed to a local museum, 5________Li learnt a lot about the history of California. In 1848,with gold 6________(discover) near the city, over 300,000 people from all over the world rush here to seek 7________(they) fortune. In fact, few achieved their dreams of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained to earn 8________living despite great hardship. It was immigrants from different cultures that built up California very 9________(rapid) and led to its becoming a state of the United States in 1850.
In the evening,Li went to Chinatown,where there were many cafés and restaurants to choose 10________After selecting a restaurant, she enjoyed Chinese food on china plates.
【答案】
1．admitted 设空处为主句的谓语动词，与主句的主语She之间是主动关系，表示发生在过去的动作，所以应用一般过去时。故填admitted。
2．occurrence 设空处作介词 after的宾语，且前有定冠词the修饰，应用名词。故填occurrence。
3．views view意为“风景”时，是可数名词，此处指“城市、海洋和金门大桥的风景”，所以应用复数形式。故填views。
4．Having walked 句中已有谓语，与设空处无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语形式，walk与主语Li Lan之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且是在谓语动词ate表示的动作之前已完成的动作，所以应用现在分词的完成式。故填Having walked。
5.where __________Li learnt a lot about the history of California是定语从句，修饰museum，定语从句中缺少地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
6．discovered 设空处为宾补，discover与宾语gold之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词作宾补。故填discovered。
7．their seek one＇s fortune 为固定搭配，意为“寻找成功致富之路；闯世界”。
8．a earn a living 为固定搭配，意为“谋生”。
9．rapidly 设空处修饰动词短语 built up，应用副词。
10．from choose from 意为“从······中选择”。
阅读理解
A
Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal (信号). Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.
Different cultures emphasize (强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in “small talk”, usually over a cup of tea, before they do any job. In many European countries—like the UK or France—people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafés rather than at the office.
Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead, there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.
Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because the culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.
People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。作者主要介绍在不同的文化背景下, 人们具有不同的价值观, 如何才能做到更好地理解彼此。
1. In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to______.
A. develop closer relations
B. share the same culture
C. get to know each other
D. keep each other company
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafés rather than at the office可知在餐馆通过吃饭可以发展“亲密”关系。故答案为A。
2. The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that______.
A. the English prefer to make long speeches
B. too many words are of no use
C. people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature
D. even talk and silence can be culturally different
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段前两句Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. 可知作者提到在泰国的例子就是说明“谈话”“沉默”体现不同文化。
3. According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better
A. By sharing different ways of life.
B. By accepting different habits.
C. By recognizing different values.
D. By speaking each other’s languages.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知对不同价值观的理解有助于不同文化背景的人的彼此理解。故答案为C。
4. What would be the best title for the text
A. Multicultural Environment
B. Cross-cultural Differences
C. How to Understand Each Other
D. How to Build Up a Relationship
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍跨文化交际的问题, 在不同文化背景下人们怎么才能更好地互相理解。故答案为B。
B
Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space, but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.
Robots make great explorers on planets, the moon, and other landing areas. Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe, making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather, and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.
Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, to finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.
The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans, but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end. Robots never complain, they don’t require food or water, and they never need a bathroom break.
Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars’ history.
【文章大意】本文讲述了现代机器人可能不如R2D2或Lost in Space中的机器人那么有趣, 但机器人对于太空探索非常重要。
5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. The Development of Robots
B. The Discovery of Space Exploration
C. No Robots, No Space Exploration
D. Robots Are Used in Space Exploration
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。阅读全文, 本文讲述了现代机器人可能不如R2D2或Lost in Space中的机器人那么有趣, 但机器人对于太空探索非常重要。故选D。
6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A. The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.
B. It is dangerous for humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system except the earth.
C. Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars.
D. Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段 The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. 可知, 机器人的使用使得太空探索的成本远低于人类进行工作所需的成本。A选项错误。故选A。
7. The underlined word “withstand” most probably means “______”.
A. remain B. bear C. defeat D. develop
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. 这些表面上的温度太热或太冷, 任何人都无法承受, 可知withstand意为“忍受”。故选B。
8. What is the writer’s attitude in this passage
A. Negative. B. Persuasive.
C. Subjective. D. Objective.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据全文内容, 本文讲述了现代机器人可能不如R2D2或Lost in Space中的机器人那么有趣, 但机器人对于太空探索非常重要。作者的态度是客观的, 故选D。
五、阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.
How to Live a Happy Life
Happiness is what we need most with the increase of pressure in modern life. 1 Fortunately, this is not the case. Everyone has the ability to hang on to happiness with his own efforts. The following methods may lead you to long-lasting happiness.
Take exercise. Other than health benefits that are too numerous to mention, exercise makes you smarter, happier, improves sleep, and makes you feel better about your body. 2 Keeping in touch with nature can help you reduce stress, make you more creative, imp 3 Relationships are worth more than you think. Not feeling socially rove your memory and may even make you a better person.
connected can make you stupider and kill you. Loneliness can lead to heart attack, stroke (中风) and diabetes (肥胖症). On the other hand, studies have shown that the longest lived people on the planet all place a strong emphasis on social engagement.
Challenge yourself. 4 Music lessons increase intelligence. Challenging your beliefs strengthens your mind. Increasing willpower just takes a little effort each day and it’s more responsible for your success than IQ. Not getting an education or taking advantage of opportunities are two of the things people look back on their lives and regret the most.
Laugh. Laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and the feet. It can even reduce the effect of pain on the body. Humor is a good way to cause laughter. 5
A. Life is always full of hope.
B. Spend time with friends and family.
C. However, sometimes it seems far away from us.
D. It would be better if you take exercise in nature.
E. Do something kind for the people you care about.
F. Learning another language can keep your mind sharp.
G. Just thinking about funny moments or things can help a lot.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了获得快乐的几种方法。
1. 【解析】选C。根据前文Happiness is what we need most with the increase of pressure in modern life. 可知随着现代生活中压力的增加, 我们需要快乐, 然而, 有时它似乎离我们很远, 故选C。
2. 【解析】选D。根据后文Keeping in touch with nature can help you reduce stress, make you more creative, improve your memory and may even make you a better person. 可知与自然保持联系可以帮助你减轻压力, 使你更有创造力, 提高你的记忆力。即如果你在大自然中锻炼会更好, 故选D。
3. 【解析】选B。根据后文Relationships are worth more than you think. Not feeling socially connected can make you stupider and kill you. 人际关系比你想象的要更有价值。没有社交联系会使你变得更笨拙并使你痛苦, 因此我们要花时间和朋友家人在一起, 故选B。
4. 【解析】选F。根据后文Challenging your beliefs strengthens your mind. Increasing willpower just takes a little effort each day and it’s more responsible for your success than IQ. 可知挑战你的信念会增强你的心智。提高意志力只需要每天付出一点点努力, 因此此处应为学习另一种语言可以使你的头脑敏锐, 故选F。
5. 【解析】选G。根据前文Humor is a good way to cause laughter. 可知幽默是一种很有效的方法, 只考虑有趣的时刻或事情会有很大帮助, 故选G。Unit 3 Reading and Thinking习题检测
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1. My stay in America was a unique opportunity for me to explore the American culture and see the__________(diverse) of people's life there.
I have been__________(fortune) enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer.
It's suggested that you should read the novel in its__________(history) background.
Apart __________having fun with friends, travelling will be another way to relax and learn.
The sharp earthquake and the suffering it brought__________ have had a lasting effect on the local people's life.
In just a few decades, China's experience in reducing hunger has become a shining example of countries seeking________(learn) from that success.
He received congratulations from his friends after__________(admit) to Tsinghua University.
One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots,__________(relieve)feelings of homesickness.
He is thought__________(behave) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
The transport will improve a lot in Nantong, with another two bridges__________(construct) over Yangtze River in the near future.
二、根据所给汉语提示填空
根据提示补全句子。
灰姑娘从来没有想到她有一天会成为公主。（occur）
________ ________ ________ ________ ________Cinderella that she would become a princess someday.
飓风过后，成千上万的志愿者奔赴灾区，他们中有商人，也有工人。（head）
After the hurricane,_______ ________ ________ ________ ________the disaster area, ranging from businessmen to workers.
3．他们不知道在工商业中谋生有多难。（earn）
They don't know________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in industry and commerce.
4.领头的男子挥舞着右臂，好像在示意我们停下来。（as if；省略；名词signal)
The man in the lead swung his right arm________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
幸运的是，这只小鹿幸免于难。（escape）,
________the little deer________ ________ ________.
三、课文改编填空
21 June was Li Lan's first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting Napa Valley. She 1________(admit) that it definitely felt good to come back to the city again.The fact that the city rebuilt itself after the 2________(occur)of the earthquake in 1906 is amazing. Located on top of big hills, many beautiful old buildings offer great 3________(view) of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge.
4________(walk) around and looked at the street art for a few hours, then Li Lan ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles for lunch. In the afternoon, Li Lan headed to a local museum,5________Li learnt a lot about the history of California. In 1848,with gold 6________(discover) near the city, over 300,000 people from all over the world rush here to seek 7________(they) fortune. In fact, few achieved their dreams of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained to earn 8________living despite great hardship. It was immigrants from different cultures that built up California very9________(rapid) and led to its becoming a state of the United States in 1850.
In the evening,Li went to Chinatown,where there were many cafés and restaurants to choose 10________After selecting a restaurant, she enjoyed Chinese food on china plates.
阅读理解
A
Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal (信号). Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.
Different cultures emphasize (强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in “small talk”, usually over a cup of tea, before they do any job. In many European countries—like the UK or France—people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafés rather than at the office.
Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead, there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.
Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because the culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.
People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.
1. In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to______.
A. develop closer relations
B. share the same culture
C. get to know each other
D. keep each other company
2. The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that______.
A. the English prefer to make long speeches
B. too many words are of no use
C. people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature
D. even talk and silence can be culturally different
3. According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better
A. By sharing different ways of life.
B. By accepting different habits.
C. By recognizing different values.
D. By speaking each other’s languages.
4. What would be the best title for the text
A. Multicultural Environment
B. Cross-cultural Differences
C. How to Understand Each Other
D. How to Build Up a Relationship
B
Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space, but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.
Robots make great explorers on planets, the moon, and other landing areas. Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe, making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather, and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.
Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, to finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.
The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans, but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end. Robots never complain, they don’t require food or water, and they never need a bathroom break.
Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars’ history.
5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. The Development of Robots
B. The Discovery of Space Exploration
C. No Robots, No Space Exploration
D. Robots Are Used in Space Exploration
6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A. The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.
B. It is dangerous for humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system except the earth.
C. Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars.
D. Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.
7. The underlined word “withstand” most probably means “______”.
A. remain B. bear C. defeat D. develop
8. What is the writer’s attitude in this passage
A. Negative. B. Persuasive.
C. Subjective. D. Objective.
五、阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.
How to Live a Happy Life
Happiness is what we need most with the increase of pressure in modern life. 1 Fortunately, this is not the case. Everyone has the ability to hang on to happiness with his own efforts. The following methods may lead you to long-lasting happiness.
Take exercise. Other than health benefits that are too numerous to mention, exercise makes you smarter, happier, improves sleep, and makes you feel better about your body. 2 Keeping in touch with nature can help you reduce stress, make you more creative, improve your memory and may even make you a better person.
3 Relationships are worth more than you think. Not feeling socially connected can make you stupider and kill you. Loneliness can lead to heart attack, stroke (中风) and diabetes (肥胖症). On the other hand, studies have shown that the longest lived people on the planet all place a strong emphasis on social engagement.
Challenge yourself. 4 Music lessons increase intelligence. Challenging your beliefs strengthens your mind. Increasing willpower just takes a little effort each day and it’s more responsible for your success than IQ.Not getting an education or taking advantage of opportunities are two of the things people look back on their lives and regret the most.
Laugh. Laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and the feet. It can even reduce the effect of pain on the body. Humor is a good way to cause laughter. 5
A. Life is always full of hope.
B. Spend time with friends and family.
C. However, sometimes it seems far away from us.
D. It would be better if you take exercise in nature.
E. Do something kind for the people you care about.
F. Learning another language can keep your mind sharp.
G. Just thinking about funny moments or things can help a lot.
