Unit 4 Reading and Thinking习题检测
用单词的适当形式完成句子
As far as I'm concerned, parents should encourage__________(independent) in their children.
It is a__________(universe) truth that taking exercise on a daily basis is of great benefit.
Though the Internet is beneficial, we should use our__________(intelligent) and not be a slave to it!
Judging from Blake's____________(disappoint) look, he was just given a B as he was hoping for an A.
They tended to lose cognitive（认知的） functions at a much slower rate than those with the least___________（mental）challenging jobs.
She was tired of the life in the countryside and desired____________(go) to the city.
All passengers______________board are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands.
Jade Rabbit_____________(launch) by China landed on the moon successfully.
He____________(leap) forward and caught the ball.
10.Most parents think their approaches to raising children different from___________of their parents.
二、根据所给汉语提示填空
1._____________________(把人送入太空) is not an easy goal to achieve.
2. We have _______________(取得很大的进步)in the area of space exploration in recent years.
3. She decided to help him __________________(尽管存在困难).
4. They_______________________(下定决心出国).
5. The activity __________ broadens our horizons ___________enables us to understand our life better(不但……而且……).
6. Mo Yan is_____________________________(第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国人).
7. After he left, I just tried to ____________(继续)as normal.
8. Have the passengers gone __________(上船)
9. They have come to the North Africa __________________________(怀着寻宝的希望).
10. An Olympic gold medal can____________(带来, 导致) untold riches for an athlete.
三、课文改编填空
Humans have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space.1__________(determine) to make important discoveries, scientists design 2__________(vehicle) to carry astronauts into space.
In the mid-20th century, rockets that were powerful enough to escape Earth's gravity were developed, making space exploration 3__________reality.On 4 October 1957, the USSR successfully launched the first satellite into space. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first human 4__________(travel) into space.20 July 1969 was a 5__________(history) day for space travel: Astronaut Neil Armstrong walked on the moon. Accidents that result 6__________the deaths of the astronauts still happen, despite scientists' efforts to make sure nothing goes wrong.
Although China's space programme started later 7__________those of Russia and the US, it has made great progress in a short time. In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, 8__________made China the third country in the world to 9__________(independent) send humans into space. China's space programme has had a very successful series of launches and landings in recent years.
Despite the difficulties, the desire to explore space never 10__________(fade) away.Many countries have plans to further explore planets like Mars and Juiter.So the future of space exploration remains bright.
阅读理解
A
“Hello, Earth! Can you hear me ” That’s the voice more than 400, 000 people received recently. It was from Philae, a space vehicle that landed on a comet in 2014. However, its transmissions (传送信号) back home went silent since then.
It took a long time for Philae to make its way across the solar system and reach comet 67P/C-G. The space vehicle got there aboard the Rosetta probe (探测器), which has been circling around the comet since Philae separated from it in November, 2014.
Philae’s job was to collect materials to study the comet’s composition. And for about two and a half days after landing, it did just that, sending the information back to scientists on Earth. But Philae’s landing on the comet’s icy surface had not been smooth. While touching down, it jumped up and ended up in the shadow of something like a huge rock. Philae runs on solar power, but there was no light in the place where it landed. In the end, it failed to work.
However, as comet 67P/C-G moved closer to the sun, more sunlight reached the space vehicle, allowing it to power up and come back online. Philae then sent something to Rosetta, which passed on the information back to Earth.
“We only received the information for about 85 seconds, but that’s enough to let us know it is alive and well, ” says Stephan Ulamec, who works for the European Space Agency. “We hope to work out where it landed exactly on the 4-kilometer-wide comet. Now we plan to change how Rosetta moves so that Philae can keep on communicating and receiving instructions. ”
1. Hearing Philae’s voice, those people must have felt ______.
A. afraid B. calm C. excited D. worried
2. According to the text, Philae ______.
A. was damaged when it landed
B. moved around comet 67P/C-G
C. needs light and gas to keep working
D. helps scientists learn about a comet
3. What Stephan says in the text suggests that ______.
A. Rosetta will move around another comet
B. Philae will continue to work for scientists
C. most comets are as wide as four kilometers
D. he wonders whether Philae is still alive
B
Of all the planets, none has captured the world’s imagination like the Mars. Its reddish color and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight.
In Cosmos, the television science series from the 1980s, scientist Carl Sagan talked about some traditional ideas about the Mars. Some of these ideas are from the English science fiction writer H. G. Wells’ The War of the Worlds. Others are from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell, the American astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on the Mars. Wells described Martians as threatening. Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said that both ideas influenced the public deeply.
Today, the Mars continues to excite humans—not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of information from spacecraft that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface.
The Smithsonian’s “Mars Day” offered a chance for people of all ages to touch the Mars, or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring, Maryland, brought their children, Grace, Sam, Ryan and Emma. They heard about the Mars and its geology from experts. They could see a test version of the Viking landers that reached the Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites (陨星) known to have come from the red, or reddish planet. Eight-year-old Sam learned that the ancient description of the Mars as red is not exactly right. He said, “It’s actually orangish more than red and it’s also kind of brown, too. ” Emma is six. She learned about the volcanic activity that has shaped the surface of the Mars. She said, “The closest thing to the Mars—the stuff—is from volcanoes mostly. ”
“Mars Day” offered Allison and Alycia’s children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.
4. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Why Martians were considered threatening.
B. Why the Mars has captured the world’s imagination.
C. What people generally thought of the Mars in the past.
D. How H. G. Wells got the idea for his science fiction.
5. It is implied in Paragraph 3 that______.
A. today’s space scientists still know nothing about the Mars
B. today’s space scientists are very interested in the Mars
C. science fiction films are no longer set in the Mars
D. space scientists haven’t made any progress in knowing the Mars
6. Sam would probably agree that______.
A. the Mars is not really red
B. no meteorites have come from the Mars
C. the Mars cannot be described as a little brown
D. the ancient description of the Mars’ color is true
7. How soon does the author think that humans will set foot on the Mars
A. He thinks it may happen this year.
B. He thinks it will always remain a dream.
C. He thinks it will come true within hundreds of years.
D. He thinks it may happen in the following decades.
五、阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.
Planning a trip abroad with your family or friends this summer vacation Here are a few travel tips about travel abroad do’s and don’ts to keep you safe.
If you want to make your trip safe and easy, plan ahead. 1 . The less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move. Besides, planning ahead will save your time and make sure you don’t miss best things.
2 . No one wants bad things to happen but you’ll feel better when you’re ready for them if they do. When you travel abroad, you are in a place you don’t know well and you can always be a target, especially your valuables. Don’t keep large amounts of cash in your wallet.
3 . Also, take copies of your travel documents with you and leave your passport and other important documents in the hotel.
Nothing ruins a trip faster than the unexpected crisis. 4 . It will insure yourself against unexpected accidents, so it is necessary to buy the insurance. But you need to be careful about the items in the contract (合同), so that you know what you are and are not covered for when you book travel insurance.
While enjoying the moment in the bar, be cautious and keep an eye on your drink at all times. Besides, being on holidays doesn’t mean you have the right to do what you want. 5 . Keep these tips in mind and make the most of your time. Have fun with family and friends and explore and enjoy your time away.
A. Take more in any case
B. Expect the unexpected
C. Don’t leave your hotel alone
D. Take the necessities with you
E. Don’t forget to buy the travel insurance
F. Be respectful and don’t do anything illegal
G. Try putting smaller notes in several different pocketsUnit 4 Reading and Thinking习题检测
用单词的适当形式完成句子
As far as I'm concerned, parents should encourage__________(independent) in their children.
【解析】independence句意为：在我看来，家长应该促进孩子们的自立。设空处作encourage的宾语，应用名词。故填independence。
It is a__________(universe) truth that taking exercise on a daily basis is of great benefit.
【解析】universal 句意为：每天锻炼非常有益，这是一个普遍的真理。设空处修饰名词truth，作定语，应用形容词。故填universal。
Though the Internet is beneficial, we should use our__________(intelligent) and not be a slave to it!
【解析】intelligence 句意为：虽然互联网是有益的，但我们应该利用我们的智慧，并且不应成为它的奴隶！设空处作use的宾语且空前有形容词性物主代词our修饰，应用名词。故填intelligence。
Judging from Blake's____________(disappoint) look, he was just given a B as he was hoping for an A.
【解析】disappointed 句意为：从布莱克失望的表情来看，他本来希望得到一个A的，结果却只得到了一个B。设空处作定语，修饰名词look，表示“失望的表情”，应用-ed结尾的形容词。故填disappointed。
They tended to lose cognitive（认知的） functions at a much slower rate than those with the least___________（mental）challenging jobs.
【解析】mentally句意为：他们失去认知功能的速度往往比那些从事脑力挑战性最低的工作的人要慢得多。设空处修饰形容词challenging，故填副词mentally。
She was tired of the life in the countryside and desired____________(go) to the city.
【解析】to go 句意为：她厌倦了乡村生活，渴望到城市去。desire to do sth为固定搭配，意为“渴望做某事”。故填to go。
All passengers______________board are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands.
【解析】on 句意为：飞机起降时，机上所有乘客都应系好安全带。on board 为固定搭配，在此处意为“在飞机上”。故填on。
Jade Rabbit_____________(launch) by China landed on the moon successfully.
【解析】launched 句意为：中国发射的“玉兔号”成功登陆月球。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。主语Jade Rabbit和launch之间是逻辑上的被动关系，且根据句子后半部分得知，“玉兔号”已经被发射，因此应用过去分词作后置定语。故填launched。
He____________(leap) forward and caught the ball.
【解析】leapt／leaped 句意为：他向前一跳，接住了球。本题考查时态。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，都用一般过去时。
10.Most parents think their approaches to raising children different from___________of their parents.
【解析】those 句意为：大多数父母认为他们抚养孩子的方法与他们父母的方法不同。为避免重复，代指前文出现的approaches 应用 those。
二、根据所给汉语提示填空
1. Sending people into space(把人送入太空) is not an easy goal to achieve.
2. We have made great progress(取得很大的进步)in the area of space exploration in recent years.
3. She decided to help him despite the difficulties(尽管存在困难).
4. They are determined to go abroad(下定决心出国).
5. The activity not only broadens our horizons but also enables us to understand our life better(不但……而且……).
6. Mo Yan is the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize(第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国人).
7. After he left, I just tried to carry on(继续)as normal.
8. Have the passengers gone on board(上船)
9. They have come to the North Africa in the hope of finding treasure(怀着寻宝的希望).
10. An Olympic gold medal can lead to(带来, 导致) untold riches for an athlete.
三、课文改编填空
Humans have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space.1__________(determine) to make important discoveries, scientists design 2__________(vehicle) to carry astronauts into space.
In the mid-20th century, rockets that were powerful enough to escape Earth's gravity were developed, making space exploration 3__________reality.On 4 October 1957, the USSR successfully launched the first satellite into space. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first human 4__________(travel) into space.20 July 1969 was a 5__________(history) day for space travel: Astronaut Neil Armstrong walked on the moon. Accidents that result 6__________the deaths of the astronauts still happen, despite scientists' efforts to make sure nothing goes wrong.
Although China's space programme started later 7__________those of Russia and the US, it has made great progress in a short time. In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, 8__________made China the third country in the world to 9__________(independent) send humans into space. China's space programme has had a very successful series of launches and landings in recent years.
Despite the difficulties, the desire to explore space never 10__________(fade) away.Many countries have plans to further explore planets like Mars and Juiter.So the future of space exploration remains bright.
【答案】
1. Determined be determined to do sth 意为“下定决心做某事”，为固定搭配，此处为形容词短语作状语。故填Determined。
2. vehicles vehicle 为可数名词，此处表示复数含义，故应用复数形式。
3.此处为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，reality意为“事实”时为可数名词，此处表泛指，且reality的发音以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a。make sth a reality 意为“使某事成为现实”。
4.to travel 名词前有the first修饰，其后应用不定式作定语。
5．historic 设空处修饰名词，应用形容词形式，此处表示“历史上重要的”，故填historic。
6.in
7.than
8．which 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，代指前面整个主句。故填which。
9．independently 设空处修饰动词send，应用副词。
10．fades 设空处在此是谓语动词，fade away 与主语 the desire之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，此处在陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，故填fades。
阅读理解
A
“Hello, Earth! Can you hear me ” That’s the voice more than 400, 000 people received recently. It was from Philae, a space vehicle that landed on a comet in 2014. However, its transmissions (传送信号) back home went silent since then.
It took a long time for Philae to make its way across the solar system and reach comet 67P/C-G. The space vehicle got there aboard the Rosetta probe (探测器), which has been circling around the comet since Philae separated from it in November, 2014.
Philae’s job was to collect materials to study the comet’s composition. And for about two and a half days after landing, it did just that, sending the information back to scientists on Earth. But Philae’s landing on the comet’s icy surface had not been smooth. While touching down, it jumped up and ended up in the shadow of something like a huge rock. Philae runs on solar power, but there was no light in the place where it landed. In the end, it failed to work.
However, as comet 67P/C-G moved closer to the sun, more sunlight reached the space vehicle, allowing it to power up and come back online. Philae then sent something to Rosetta, which passed on the information back to Earth.
“We only received the information for about 85 seconds, but that’s enough to let us know it is alive and well, ” says Stephan Ulamec, who works for the European Space Agency. “We hope to work out where it landed exactly on the 4-kilometer-wide comet. Now we plan to change how Rosetta moves so that Philae can keep on communicating and receiving instructions. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲了彗星着陆器在登陆彗星失联后又获重生的太空探索故事。
1. Hearing Philae’s voice, those people must have felt ______.
A. afraid B. calm C. excited D. worried
【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第一段中的“Philae. . . landed on a comet in 2014. However, its transmissions back home went silent since then. ”可知, Philae于2014年着陆彗星后就失联了, 所以当人们再次听到它传来的声音时一定很兴奋, 故选C项。
2. According to the text, Philae ______.
A. was damaged when it landed
B. moved around comet 67P/C-G
C. needs light and gas to keep working
D. helps scientists learn about a comet
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段首句“Philae’s job was to collect materials to study the comet’s composition. ”可知, Philae的任务是帮助科学家们了解一颗彗星的相关情况, 故选D项。
3. What Stephan says in the text suggests that ______.
A. Rosetta will move around another comet
B. Philae will continue to work for scientists
C. most comets are as wide as four kilometers
D. he wonders whether Philae is still alive
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由最后一段尾句“Now we plan to change how Rosetta moves so that Philae can keep on communicating and receiving instructions. ”可知, Philae将会继续为科学家们服务, 故选B项。
B
Of all the planets, none has captured the world’s imagination like the Mars. Its reddish color and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight.
In Cosmos, the television science series from the 1980s, scientist Carl Sagan talked about some traditional ideas about the Mars. Some of these ideas are from the English science fiction writer H. G. Wells’ The War of the Worlds. Others are from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell, the American astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on the Mars. Wells described Martians as threatening. Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said that both ideas influenced the public deeply.
Today, the Mars continues to excite humans—not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of information from spacecraft that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface.
The Smithsonian’s “Mars Day” offered a chance for people of all ages to touch the Mars, or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring, Maryland, brought their children, Grace, Sam, Ryan and Emma. They heard about the Mars and its geology from experts. They could see a test version of the Viking landers that reached the Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites (陨星) known to have come from the red, or reddish planet. Eight-year-old Sam learned that the ancient description of the Mars as red is not exactly right. He said, “It’s actually orangish more than red and it’s also kind of brown, too. ” Emma is six. She learned about the volcanic activity that has shaped the surface of the Mars. She said, “The closest thing to the Mars—the stuff—is from volcanoes mostly. ”
“Mars Day” offered Allison and Alycia’s children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 在火星日人们可以有机会对火星有更好的了解和认识。
4. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Why Martians were considered threatening.
B. Why the Mars has captured the world’s imagination.
C. What people generally thought of the Mars in the past.
D. How H. G. Wells got the idea for his science fiction.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。通读第二段可知, 这一段主要是讲人们关于火星的一些传统认识, 故选C。
5. It is implied in Paragraph 3 that______.
A. today’s space scientists still know nothing about the Mars
B. today’s space scientists are very interested in the Mars
C. science fiction films are no longer set in the Mars
D. space scientists haven’t made any progress in knowing the Mars
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Today, the Mars continues to excite humans—not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of information . . . ”可推断, 现在的航天科学家们对火星很感兴趣。故选B。
6. Sam would probably agree that______.
A. the Mars is not really red
B. no meteorites have come from the Mars
C. the Mars cannot be described as a little brown
D. the ancient description of the Mars’ color is true
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段“He said, ‘It’s actually orangish more than red and it’s also kind of brown, too. ’”可知, Sam认为火星并不是红色的, 而是橘黄色甚至带点褐色。故选A。
7. How soon does the author think that humans will set foot on the Mars
A. He thinks it may happen this year.
B. He thinks it will always remain a dream.
C. He thinks it will come true within hundreds of years.
D. He thinks it may happen in the following decades.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据末段中的“a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes”可推知, 作者认为人类在接下来的几十年内就有可能登上火星。故选D。
五、阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.
Planning a trip abroad with your family or friends this summer vacation Here are a few travel tips about travel abroad do’s and don’ts to keep you safe.
If you want to make your trip safe and easy, plan ahead. 1 . The less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move. Besides, planning ahead will save your time and make sure you don’t miss best things.
2 . No one wants bad things to happen but you’ll feel better when you’re ready for them if they do. When you travel abroad, you are in a place you don’t know well and you can always be a target, especially your valuables. Don’t keep large amounts of cash in your wallet.
3 . Also, take copies of your travel documents with you and leave your passport and other important documents in the hotel.
Nothing ruins a trip faster than the unexpected crisis. 4 . It will insure yourself against unexpected accidents, so it is necessary to buy the insurance. But you need to be careful about the items in the contract (合同), so that you know what you are and are not covered for when you book travel insurance.
While enjoying the moment in the bar, be cautious and keep an eye on your drink at all times. Besides, being on holidays doesn’t mean you have the right to do what you want. 5 . Keep these tips in mind and make the most of your time. Have fun with family and friends and explore and enjoy your time away.
A. Take more in any case
B. Expect the unexpected
C. Don’t leave your hotel alone
D. Take the necessities with you
E. Don’t forget to buy the travel insurance
F. Be respectful and don’t do anything illegal
G. Try putting smaller notes in several different pockets
【文章大意】本文为应用文。主要介绍了在国外旅游需要做的事情和不能做的事情。
1. 【解析】选D。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后一句“The less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move”可知, 因为你带的东西越少, 走得越快。由此可推断出“只带必要的东西”, 分析选项可知D(只随身携带必需品)符合题意, 故选D。
2. 【解析】选B。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后一句“No one wants bad things to happen but you’ll feel better when you’re ready for them if they do ”, 可知, 没有人希望不好的事发生, 但如果你有准备(有预测)的话, (不好的事发生时)就会感觉好一点, 可知, 要预测意想不到的事情。分析选项可知B项(Expect the unexpected)符合题意, 故选B。
3. 【解析】选G。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一段最后一句“Don’t keep large amounts of cash in your wallet”可知, 不要把大量的现金放在你的钱包里, 也就是“要把少量的钞票放入不同的口袋里”, 故选G项。
4. 【解析】选E。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后一句“It will insure yourself against unexpected accidents, so it is necessary to buy the insurance”可知, 它(旅游保险)会为你防止意外事故, 所以有必要购买保险。分析选项可知E项(Don’t forget to buy the travel insurance)意为“别忘记买旅游保险”。E项不仅符合题意, 还与本段有词的复现(travel insurance), 故选E。
5. 【解析】选F。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前的一句“being on holidays doesn’t mean you have the right to do what you want. ”可知, 不要做非法的事情。分析选项可知F项(尊重他人, 不要做任何违法的事情)符合题意, 故选F。
