2024年中考英语二轮语法复习专题二　代词 课件

(共38张PPT)
专题二　代词
中考英语二轮复习语法梳理
目
录
1
知识梳理
2
考点精讲精练
3
最新中考真题演练
1
知识梳理
2
考点精讲精练
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
知识点1
　　　　　　　　类别 人称　　　　　　　　 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
知识点1
类别人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
　　1.人称代词
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，有主格和宾格之分。通常主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语或表语。
(1)主格通常用在动词前作主语。如:
I like apples.我喜欢苹果。
(2)宾格通常用在动词或介词后作宾语。如:
He often helps me learn English.他经常帮助我学习英语。(动词后作宾语)
My younger brother is ill.We’re worried about him.我弟弟生病了，我们很担心他。(介词后作宾语)
2.物主代词
物主代词表示所属关系，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，有人称和数之分。形容词性物主代词具有形容词的功能，不能单独使用，用在名词前作限定词。名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，其后不跟名词，名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词＋名词。如:
This pen is mine.(＝This is my pen.)这支钢笔是我的。
3.反身代词
反身代词表示“某人自己”的意思，是人称代词的强调形式，一般用在宾语和主语是同一人的情况下，或用来强调某人亲自做某事。其变化规则为:单数后面加-self，复数后面加-selves。一般用作动词或介词的宾语。
反身代词的常见搭配:
enjoy oneself 玩得开心；过得愉快　　　　　　　
teach oneself＝learn ...by oneself 自学
by oneself＝alone 独自
hurt oneself 伤着自己
help oneself to sth.随便吃点东西
look after oneself 照顾自己
leave sb.by oneself 把某人单独留下
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
lose oneself in陶醉于……；沉浸于……
1.(2022·杭州)Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after t 　hemselves　 .
2.(2022·眉山)—Mary，do you know which sweater is Lily’s？
—The red one is h 　ers　 .
3.When I passed by just now，I heard 　him　 (he) talking loudly in the next room.
4.(2022·永州)Don’t be afraid of asking 　your　 (you) parents or teachers for help if you are in trouble.
hemselves
ers
him
your
学以致用
5.(2022·龙东)I always tell 　myself　 (I) not to give up every time I fail.
6.(2022·常德)It is not only one of the most famous places，but also one of 　its　 (it) greatest mysteries.
7.Mary’s birthday is coming.We’ve decided to make a cake for 　her　 (she).
8.Mike has lost 　his　 (he) new watch.He is looking for it everywhere.
9.(2022·新疆)His hometown is famous for tea，and 　mine　 (我的) is famous for pears and grapes.
10.(2022·扬州)Mum joined our little group and introduced 　herself　 to our new friends.(她自己)
myself
its
her
his
mine
herself
指示代词
知识点2
指示代词是表示指示概念的代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。常见的指示代词包括:this这个；that那个；these这些；those那些。
these　those　it　one　that
1.The weather in Beijing is colder than 　that　 in Guangzhou in winter.
2.Only a small number of people went abroad in 　those　 days.
3.Molly，my dictionary isn’t here.Do you have 　one　 ？
4.I can’t find my ticket.I think I may have lost 　it　 .
5.I don’t have much time to read 　these　 days.
that
those
one
it
these
学以致用
不定代词
知识点3
不明确指代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物而起名词或形容词作用的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分。常见的不定代词如下:
类别 肯定意义的不定代词 both，all，each，either，many，much，a few，a little，one，other(s)，the other(s)，someone，somebody，something，anyone，anybody，anything
否定意义的不定代词 neither，none，nobody，nothing，few，little
功能 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等
　　1.普通不定代词
(1)some与any
代词 用法 例句
some 一般用于肯定句中；但在疑问句中，当说话者希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。 Some children are flying kites in the park.一些孩子在公园里放风筝。
Would you like some coffee？你要咖啡吗？
代词 用法 例句
any 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中；用于肯定句中表示“任何”。 Is there any water in the bottle？瓶子里有水吗？
I can see you at any time on Monday.星期一任何时间我都能见你。
相同点:都表示“一些”。既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。 　　(2)many与much
代词 用法 例句
many 修饰可数名词。 There are many students on the playground.操场上有很多学生。
much 修饰不可数名词。 Don’t eat too much junk food.不要吃太多垃圾食品。
相同点:(1)都表示“许多”。都可以和表示程度的副词so，how等连用。 (2)都可与a lot of/lots of/plenty of互换使用；a lot of/lots of/plenty of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。 　　(3)few，a few，little与a little
(讲解详见P18七下Units 5—6知识点3)
(4)each与every
(5)all，both，neither与either
(讲解详见P92九上Unit 2知识点2)
(6)other，the other，others，the others与another
(讲解详见P37八上Unit 1知识点10)
(7)none与no one
2.复合不定代词
somebody anybody everybody nobody
someone anyone everyone no one
something anything everything nothing
　　(1)由some-和any-构成的复合不定代词，其区别与some和any的区别基本相同。
(2)nobody，nothing与no one表示否定意义。
(3)复合不定代词常作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如:
Everything goes well.一切顺利。
(4)当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须后置。如:
There’s nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.今天的报纸上没有有趣的事情。
Can you talk to anyone else？你能和别的人谈谈吗？
用适当的代词填空。(每空一词)
1.—What did your sister buy for your mother on Mother’s Day？
— 　Nothing　 .She made a card for her.
2.—When shall we go swimming，this Friday or Saturday？
— 　Either　 is OK.I’ll be free this week.
3.Hurry up，kids！The school bus is coming.We have 　little　 time left.
4.The sports meeting will be held in September，but 　nobody　 knows the date for sure.
Nothing
Either
little
nobody
学以致用
5.There isn’t 　any　 milk in the fridge.We need to go shopping.
6.My computer doesn’t work.There must be 　something　 wrong with it.
7.Li Hua is taller than any 　other　 boy in his class.
8. 　Both　 of the twins are fond of sports.
9.I tried two bookstores for the book I wanted，but 　neither　 of them had it.
any
something
other
Both
neither
10.When feeling pressure，many students don’t want to sleep or eat 　anything　 .
anything
11.In the face of danger，all the firefighters were brave and 　none　 of them gave up.
none
疑问代词
知识点4
疑问代词通常位于句子开头，用来引导特殊疑问句，并在句中充当某一句子成分，包括who，whom，whose，what，which等。
1.— 　Whose　 bike is that？
—You mean the blue one？It’s David’s.
2.— 　What　 will you do for your father on Father’s Day？
—I’ll make a card.
3.— 　Which　 teacher will you miss the most after junior high school，Lisa？
—Ms.Jiang.
Whose
What
Which
学以致用
4.— 　Who　 is friendlier，Mr.Gao or Miss Chen？
—I think Miss Chen is friendlier.
Who
一、根据语境，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.—What is your sister’s favorite color？
— 　Her　 (she) favorite color is purple，the Color of the Year for 2022.
2.—Maybe I can’t pass the English test this time，Mum.
—Don’t worry.Believe in 　yourself　 (you).
3.—Is this your Bing Dwen Dwen？
—No. 　Mine　 (I) is on the sofa.
Her
yourself
Mine
4.—Why are you so excited？
—The scientist Huang Xuhua will come to our school.I can’t wait to see 　him　 (he).
him
二、根据汉语提示或首字母写出适当的单词。
1.—We are in times of difficulty at present.
—As long as we pull together，success must belong to 　us　 (我们).
2.—Coffee or tea，Frank？
—Coffee，please.To get relaxed， 　nothing　 (没有什么) is better than a cup of coffee.
3.—Amy had so many phone calls today.
—Yes.As soon as one call was over，a 　nother　 call came in.
us
nothing
nother
4.—Which place do you prefer to live in，a city or a countryside？
—I don’t care.E 　ither　 is fine.
5.—Hi，Li Wen.It’s said that there are many kinds of breakfast in China.Which is the best？
—It’s hard to say.A 　ll　 of them have their special tastes.
6.—What can we learn from Robinson Crusoe？
—We should depend on o 　urselves　 .
ither
ll
urselves
三、完形填空。
A.they　B.this　C.other　D.Others　E.another　F.Those　G.them
Immigrants(移民) have been coming from 　1　 countries to live in America for many years.Immigrants are people who come to live in one country after they have left 　2　 country. Some immigrants come because 　3　 have family or friends in America. 　4　 come because they want to work in America.
America has a mix of people from all over the world.Immigrants coming to America have brought many interesting things with 　5　 .Because of 　6　 ，people here have many different backgrounds and cultures.They have ideas and ways of life that they share with one another.
1. 　C　 2. 　E　 3. 　A　 4. 　D　 5. 　G　 6. 　B　
C
E
A
D
G
B
3
最新真题演练
根据语境、汉语提示或所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2023·四川成都)—Gina, have you seen my textbook
—Oh, sorry. I took 　　　　　 (you) by mistake.
2.(2023·湖南岳阳)Believe in 　　　　　 (you) and you can overcome your shyness.
3.(2023·四川凉山)—The twins look the same.
—Yes, even their father finds 　　 difficult to tell them from each other.
4.—Wow, you know so much about the Silk Road.
—That’s because 　　　(I) teacher told 　　　　(I) the stories of it.
yours
yourself
it
my
me
5.—On the day of Lixia, children will wear a bag with an egg around their necks in some areas.
—Yes, this is believed to help keep 　　　　(they) safe and healthy.
6.—Their team beat 　　　　　 (our) at the football match last time.
—So we have to practice harder this time.
7.—I have finished reading this magazine. Please give me
　　　　　 (另一个) one.
—OK, here you are.
8.—Do you know why Jack and Mary often eat out
—Because 　　　　 (两者都不) of them can cook.
them
ours
another
neither
9.—What do you think is the best thing in the world, Johnny
—　　　　　 (没什么) is better than my own little home and the warm sunshine and the beautiful blue sky.
10.I went to a coffee shop and started taking notes on 　　　　was happening around me.
11.It’s late autumn now. The tree has lost all of 　　　(it) leaves.
12.My aunt can speak a little English and she learns it by 　　　　 (she).
Nothing
what
its
herself
13.Could you stay a little longer I have 　　　　　　 more to tell you about the plan for tomorrow.
14.—May I help you with some jeans, sir
—Yes, I’d like to try on those blue 　　　　.
15.We haven’t got 　　　　 meat for dinner. Let’s buy 　　　　 chicken.
something
ones
any
some