被动语态2

课件27张PPT。语法专题———被动语态
（The Passive voice)
1.英语中有那两种语态？回答下列问题：主动语态和被动语态。
2.主动语态表示什么？主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。3.被动语态表示什么?被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例如：Many people speak English.(主动语态)
English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)被动语态的构成:“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”被动语态中be在各时态中的具体形式：
1.一般现在时中,be是am,is ,are的形式。
注:助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。3.一般将来时中，be是will be 的形式。
例句: I /She/We will be taught to study English2.一般过去时中，be是was,were的形式。
例句: I /she was taught to study English.
We were taught to study English.
例句: I am taught to study English.
We are taught to study English.4.现在完成时中被动语态的构成:
have / has been +done5.现在进行时态中被动语态的构成:be being +done例句: The work has been finished.
Why haven’t they been invented.例句: New bridge is being built near our school.
6.含有情态动词的被动语态的构成:
can/ may /must/should + be + done+（by s b）
例句：
The dictionary must be taken good care of。
Can the work be done in two days。Exercises
将下列句子变为被动语态：
They clean their classroom every day .
2. I repair Jenny’s bicycle every Sunday.
3. This farmer grew beautiful flowers last year.Their classroom is cleaned by them
every day .Jenny’s bicycle is repaired (by me)
every Sunday.Beautiful flowers were grown by this
farmer last year.7. The pupil asks the teacher to tell a story.
8. Children often sing this song .
9. John answered all the questions.

The teacher is asked to tell a story
by the pupil.The song is often sung by children.All the questions were answered by John.
10. He tells me to wait here for him .
11. People all over the world know the Great Wall .
12.People call him Little Old Man
I’m told to wait here for him by him.The Great wall is known by people all over the world. He is called little Old Man by people.被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题:
一.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词,如:
1.The students listen to the teacher carefully in class every day.
The teacher is listened to carefully (by the students) in class.
1.Xiao Ming looked after his sister yesterday.
2.Mary often takes care of the children .
His sister was looked after (by Xiao Ming)
yesterday.The children are often taken care of by Mary 二.当动词带有复合宾语,并且宾补是省去“to”, 的动词不定式,在被动语态中应加上 “to”.如:
1.They make us do all the work.
We are made to do all the work(by them).
2.We often hear her sing English songs.
She is often heard to sing English songs(by us).
3.I saw him walk to school.
He was seen to walk to school(by me).The teacher often makes us do much homework.
I always hear him sing popular songs.
We saw her run into the classroom.
Our parents let us study hard.
We are often made to do much homework by the teacher.He is always heard to sing popular songs by me.She was seen to run into the classroom by us .We are let to study hard by our parents.三.当动词带双宾语时,将其中一个宾语提前作被动语态的主语,另一个不动;如果是将指物或指事的宾语提前,则指人的宾语前应加上 “to”或 “for”,如:
1.They give me some nice presents.
I am given some nice presents (by them).
Some nice presents are given to me(by them).
2.He often tells the children some stories.
The children are often told some stories (by him).
Some stories are often told to the children (by him).1. Sometimes she gives me a present .
2.My father bought me a bike.
3.She often sends me e-mails.I am given a present by her sometimes.A present is given to me by her sometimes.I was bought a bike by my father.A bike was bought for me by my father.E-mails are often sent to me by her.I am often sent e-mails by her.四 .在主动语态中.当句子的主语是某物品的产地时,变被动语态后,不用介词by,而用介词in,on
Xinjiang produced fine cotton.
Fine cotton is produced in Xinjiang
This farm grows a lot of rice.
A lot of rice is grown on this farm.
没有被动语态的情况：1. 表示状态或特征的及物动词如 cost, fit, have, suit,last 等没有被动形式，另外， belong to等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态.
The?project?lasted?14?years?and?cost?one?billion??dollars. ２不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:
如 happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了) ，appear,　die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, sit, stand, come true，come out ,fall asleep, happen to , take part in ...
The?war?broke?out?in?1937. ３.大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound，look，smell, taste,turn , become ,seem 等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。
e.g. Peking Opera sounds beautiful. 4. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，
不用被动语态 。e.g. The pen __________(write) very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _______(sell) well. sells中考题1.The key _____for locking the classroom door.
A.uses B. is used C.is using D.use
2.A new school ____over there in two years.
A.may built B.may be built C. is built
3. He was made _____yesterday.
A.cry B.to cry C.crying D.to be cried
4.A talk on Chinese history_____in the school hall next week.
A.is given B.has been given C.will be given
D. will give BBBCⅡ. 中考实战题练兵
How many fridges _____________ (produce) in China last year?
2.No dictionary should ____________ (bring) to the English exam, boys and girls!
3. That day each of us (give) ten dollars after we finished the work.
4. I (tell) not to touch the machine.
were producedbe broughtwas givenwas told巩固训练： 一、选择1. ( ) If the work _____,you can go and play games.
A. finished B. has finished C. will be finished D. is finished 2. ( ) It was raining heavily outside, the children were made ______in the classroom.
DB 3. ( ) Kate _______ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayedC5. ( ) I like my bike. It ________ very well.
A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has riddenA6. ( ) —I won’t come to the party unless Tom __, too.
—You mean if Tom comes ,you’ll come.
will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invitedD4. ( ) To make our city more beautiful, rubbish ______ into the river.
A. needn’t be thrown B. mustn’t be thrown
C. can’t throw D. may not throwB8. ( ) The children must _______.9. ( ) The woman still doesn’t know what _______ in her hometown while he was away.DB7. ( ) Everyone who heard Mr. Green’s story _____ it.A. laughed at B. was laughed C. laughed D. was laughed atAA. happens B. happened C. will happen D. was happened A. look after B. be taken good care C. look the same D. be taken good care of10. ( ) — I saw you were on foot this morning.
—Yes. My bike ___________. A. is mending B. is being mended C. is mended D. is being mendingB二、把下列句子转换成被动语态
1.The students should do their homework every day .
2. We can finish the work on time.
3.We will build a new bridge over the river .
The work can be finished by us on time.Their homework should be done
by the students every day.A new bridge will be built over the river by us. . 三、用所给词的正确形式填空1. All the students __________(ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday.2. Are many ways _______(try) to stop people from cutting down so many trees?3. —What is on show in the museum? —Some photos _________(take) by American children.were asked triedare taken5. Must the old people ____________(speak) to politely?6. He couldn’t explain why dinosaurs ___________ (消失).be spokendisappeared4.This coat _________(wash) well.washes当堂作业:句型转换：
1.They play basketball in their school.(改为同意句)
Basketball___ ______in their school by them.
2.What’s her name ? Can you tell me ? (合为一句)
Can you tell me ____ ____ ____ _____?
3.I saw her run into the old house just now.(改为同意句)
She was ___ ____run into the old house just now.
4.We should listen to the teacher carefully.(改为同意句)
The teacher should be ________ ________carefully.
5.Don’t play football on the road.(改为同意句)
Football ______ ___ ______ on the road.is playedWhat her name isseen tolistened tomustn’t be played