2024年中考英语二轮语法复习专题十三　主谓一致 课件

(共32张PPT)
专题十三　主谓一致
中考英语二轮复习语法梳理
目
录
1
知识梳理
2
考点精讲精练
3
试题演练
1
知识梳理
2
考点精讲精练
Challenge yourself
判断下列句子是否保持主谓一致，正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”。
（　T　）1.So far，the number of pandas has dropped.
（　F　）2.Reading good books are meaningful to our future.
（　T　）3.Here is some advice to help you make a wise choice.
（　F　）4.Robert with his two kids go to the beach for vacation every year.
（　T　）5.Not only Peter but also his father is crazy about the basketball match.
T
F
T
F
T
语法一致原则
知识点1
基础题
1.（2023·牡丹江改编）Xu Mengtao won the 2022 Touching China award.Never giving up 　is　 （be） the key to her success.
2.（2022·黔东南改编）In our school library，there 　are　 （be） a number of books on art.The number of the books 　is　 （be） still growing larger and larger.
is　
are　
is　
3.（2021·巴中改编）—Amazing！ Tom got the best grade in the test last week.
—Nothing 　is　 （be） impossible.He studies really hard this term.
is　
4.This pair of gloves 　is made　 （make） of wool and they 　are made　 （make） by hand.
5.This English book，together with its listening material， 　sells　 （sell） well.
is made　
are made　
sells　
易错题
6.He is one of my friends who 　are　 （be） working hard.
7.We each 　have　 （have） strong points and each of us on the other hand 　has　 （have） weak points.
8.You can see 70％ of the class 　are　 （be） doing most of the work.The rest of the work 　is　 （be） really hard.
are　
have　
has　
are　
is　

　　主谓一致是指句子的谓语与其主语在人称和数等方面必须保持一致。主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
语法一致原则是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上要保持一致，即主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
不可数名词、单数可数名词、第三人称单数 单数 The young man 　is　 from Changsha.
那位年轻人来自长沙。
复数名词、人称代词复数及第二人称单数you 复数 The children 　were　 in the classroom two hours ago.
孩子们两小时前在教室里。
both… and…连接的名词、代词 复数 Both Tom and Sam 　play　 the drums well.
汤姆和萨姆鼓打得都很好。
is　
were　
play　
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
动词不定式、动词的-ing形式或从句 单数 Running every morning 　is　 good for us.
每天早晨跑步对我们有益。
What he said 　is　 not true.他说的不是真的。
one of＋可数名词复数/复数代词 单数 One of the books 　is　 boring.
这些书里有一本很无聊。
is　
is　
is　
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
either，neither，each，every或no＋单数名词 单数 Each student 　has　 an English dictionary.
每个学生都有一本英语词典。
由every-，some-，any-，no-构成的复合不定代词 单数 Nothing 　is　 difficult if you put your heart into it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
has　
is　
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
主语后面跟有with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，including等 取决于前面主语的数，即“就远原则” The teacher with his students 　is　 going to visit the museum.
那个老师和他的学生们将去参观博物馆。
分数/百分数＋of＋名词 取决于短语后面的名词的数 Three fifths of the workers in the factory 　are　 men.
工厂里五分之三的工人是男性。
is　
are　
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
a lot of/lots of/plenty of/the rest of＋名词 取决于短语后面的名词的数 Lots of people have been　 to the Great Wall.
很多人去过长城。
定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which作主语时 与先行词的数保持一致 I like the students who 　study　 hard.
我喜欢努力学习的学生。
have been　
study　
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
a number of＋可数名词复数 复数 A number of books 　are　 given away to the poor students.
许多书被捐赠给了那些贫穷的学生。
the number of＋可数名词复数 单数 The number of the students in our class 　is　 50.
我们班学生的数量是50。
are　
is　
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
a pair of＋可数名词复数 单数 A pair of new shoes 　is given　 to him as a present by his grandma.
他奶奶送给他一双新鞋作为礼物。
数词＋pairs/kinds＋of＋可数名词复数 复数 Sixty pairs of socks 　are sold　 every week on average in the shop.
这个商店平均每周卖60双袜子。
is given　
are sold　
意义一致原则
知识点2
基础题
1.The family 　are　 （be） all fond of listening to music.
2.（2022·湘西改编）There 　is　 （be） only one earth but billions of（数十亿） people in the world，so we should protect the earth.
3.（2023·达州改编）—Neither Lily nor her parents 　were　 （be） outdoors when the rainstorm came.
are　
is　
were　
4.（2021·营口改编）One thousand kilometers 　was　 （be） quite a long way to the ancients，but now we can complete the journey in about one hour by air.
5.（2022·郴州改编）—The song Together for a Shared Future is very popular now.
—That’s for sure！ Both the young and the old 　like　 （like） it.
was　
like　
易错题
6.I don’t think the news in the newspaper 　is　 （be） true.
7.This is my good friend，Lucy.Not only she but also I 　am　 （be） good at recycling.We often make some toys out of waste.
8.A poet and artist 　is　 （be） coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow.
is　
am　
is　

　　意义一致原则是指从意义上处理主谓一致关系。谓语动词的单复数形式取决于主语所表示的概念。
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
有些词如maths，news，physics虽以-s结尾，但表示单数意义 单数 Maths is one of the most important subjects.
数学是最重要的学科之一。
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
集体名词（如：family/class/team/group/public等） 取决于主语的意义 His family is going to move to Nanjing.
他一家要搬到南京。（作为整体时，用单数）
The whole family are having dinner.
全家人正在吃饭。（作家庭成员讲时，用复数）
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等名词 单数 Five pounds is enough.五英镑就足够了。
Three years has passed quickly.
三年的时间很快就过去了。
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
the＋姓氏名词复数，表示“……一家人；……夫妇” 复数 The Smiths have decided to go to Kunming for holiday.
史密斯一家人已经决定去昆明度假了。
the＋形容词，表示一类人 复数 The young are energetic.年轻人精力充沛。
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
“more than a/an＋单数名词”或“many a/an＋单数名词” 单数 Many a student has seen the film.
许多学生看过这部电影。
and连接并列主语，表示同一个人或物（注：and后面无冠词） 单数 The doctor and writer 　is　 very famous.
这位医生兼作家非常有名。
is　
就近一致原则
知识点3
　　就近一致原则是指谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数保持一致。
there be/ here be句型：当主语是并列的人或事物时，be动词与最靠近的主语保持一致 There 　is　 a table and two chairs in the room.
房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。
There 　are　 two chairs and a table in the room.
房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。
is　
are　
由either…or…（或者……或者……），neither … nor …（既不……，也不……；两者都不），not only … but also …（不但……而且……）等词连接并列主语时，谓语动词跟邻近的主语保持一致 Neither you nor he 　is　 right.你和他都不对。
Either you or I 　am　 wrong.不是你错了，就是我错了。
Not only he but also I 　am　 invited.
不仅他被邀请了，我也被邀请了。
is　
am　
am　
3
试题演练
根据语境,用be动词或所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2023·江苏淮安二模改编)—Did you have a good time at the party last night
—Yes,but the number of students 　　　 less than 20,so we went home early.
2.(2023·四川自贡改编)—What’s your plan for the coming Dragon Boat Festival
—Most of us 　　　 ready to make zongzi.
3.Our group 　　　 discussing heatedly on the subject now.
was
are
are
4.Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution.It 　　　　(make) people
　　　　(worry) about their health.
5.Every man,woman and child 　　　　(know) some history,enough at least,to survive in the world.
6.Both Jackson and Caroline 　　　 interested in watching cartoons,because they’re funny.
7.The old woman,together with her two grandsons, 　　　 crossing the road.
8.Two thirds of the coats 　　　 made of cotton.They feel comfortable.
makes
worry
knows
are
is
are
9.Ten kilometers 　　　 a very long way to go in a day.
10.Pay attention to your language, John. Nobody 　　　 (want) to communicate with a man who is rude.
11.It is reported that the population of China 　　　　　　 (become) smaller in the past few months.The aging(老龄化) is a big problem.
12.Electric cars are becoming popular and the number of them 　　increasing.
13.I,who 　　　 your close friend,will try my best to help you out of trouble.
is
wants
has become
is
am
14.Neither Saturday nor Sunday 　　　 OK because I will be quite busy these two days.
15.A lot of birds are 　　　　　　(protect) in nature parks every year.
is
protected