(共58张PPT)
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.You might get lost if you (闲逛) by yourself in the woods.
2.He (挥手) at the waiter,who rushed to the table.
3.Mu Dan is one of the famous (诗人) in modern Chinese literature.
4.It was bitterly cold and the ground was (冰冻的) hard.
5.The owner of the store was (扫) his floor when I walked in.
6.We are and will make (连续的) efforts to do our best.
wander
waved
poets
frozen
sweeping
continuous
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7.We looked at the distance and the road (延伸) ahead across the flat landscape.
8.We give full access to our employees to apply for (空缺的) positions within our enterprise.
9.He was born in Nanyang,Henan Province,into a (文学的) family.
10.It is the most (暴力的) film that I have ever seen.
11.There was an immediate panic when their boat hit a rock and began to
(下沉).
12.Train services have returned to normal after the (罢工).
stretched
vacant
literary
violent
sink
strike
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13.Our new offices are still under (建造).
14.The (固体的) and liquid waste are separated before being recycled.
15.I’m going to (弹起) this ball,and I want you to look at it and tell me what you think is the source of that energy.
16.She looked desperately around for a (武器).
construction
solid
bounce
weapon
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Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.She (sweep) the floor and picked up trash again in the afternoons,before diving into her studies in the evenings.
2.The birds were active,whirring and (flutter) among the trees.
3.He listened absently and kept glancing the door.
4.Two boys were in the street, (toss) a baseball back and forth.
5.Infants shouldn’t share beds or (couch) with grown-ups or other kids during sleep.
swept
fluttering
at
tossing
couches
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6.He was (inward) relieved that the test was cancelled.
7. bliss it is!You don’t have to get up early in the morning.
8. (gaze) up into his eyes,she seemed to take in all he said.
9.The bay water lilies quietly floated is now a harbor for motor boats.
10.As we all know,Lawrence Durrell wrote a great deal of (poet).
inwardly
What
Gazing
where
poetry
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Ⅲ.单句写作
1.我的父亲如此忙碌以至于他没有时间给我讲故事。
My father is ________ ________ ________ he does not have time to tell me stories.
2.他好像早已知道这件事了。
________ ________ ________ ________ he had known the fact already.
3.你认为理所当然的东西全都不复存在。
Everything you ________ ________ ________ wasn’t there any more.
so busy that
It seemed as if
take for granted
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4.我脑海中为什么会出现这种东西呢
Why would such a thing even ________ ________ ________ ___________
5.汤姆突然感觉自己被她特别的个性所吸引。
Suddenly Tom ________ __________ being drawn towards her special personality.
come into my head/mind
felt himself
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B 级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Speaking a foreign language is a high demand skill because of cultural diversity and the number of companies doing business abroad.Not easy to learn a foreign language Luckily,two famous Japanese inventors took language translation to the next level and created an instant translator called MUAMA Enence.It can easily translate real-time speech into over 40 languages using only a few finger-taps.
Why Is MUAMA Enence So Special
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Instant Communication in Another Language
Learning a new language takes months and even years of dedicated studies. MUAMA Enence can transform you into an able-communicator instantly.
Comfortable & Easy to Use
With its lightweight design and small size,MUAMA Enence is easy to carry around in any pocket or bag and is right there when needed.
Fair and Reasonable Price
MUAMA Enence is inexpensive.An experienced professional translator or interpreter can be costly,and you need to pay more than once.MUAMA Enence requires just a one-off payment for a huge selection of languages with $450.
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Perfect Sound Quality
It is comfortable to use in crowded places as the sound is loud enough to be heard clearly.
It Supports Over 40 Languages
Its built-in advanced technology can support a 2-way language translation. Moreover,a text translation is also available.
Do you need to be able to talk with new friends or family members in their native languages Or are you required to master a language enough to work full time in a foreign country Well,MUAMA Enence is able to deliver all those things and a lot more!Click here to get a special 40% off deal we’ve secured for our readers.
【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了一款即时翻译设备。
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1.What is MUAMA Enence
A.A Japanese inventor.
B.A Japanese-based business company.
C.A real-time translator.
D.A piece of finger-free equipment.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Luckily,two famous Japanese inventors took language translation to the next level and created an instant translator called MUAMA Enence.”可知,MUAMA Enence是一款即时翻译设备。故选C项。
答案 C
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2.What is special about MUAMA Enence
A.It is easy to carry.
B.It supports 40-way language translation.
C.It is valueless.
D.It is only equipped with loud sound.
解析 细节理解题。根据Comfortable & Easy to Use部分中的“With its lightweight design and small size,MUAMA Enence is easy to carry around in any pocket or bag and is right there when needed.”可知,MUAMA Enence方便携带。故选A项。
答案 A
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3.How much at least can you get an MUAMA Enence
A.$450. B.$410.
C.$270. D.$180.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Fair and Reasonable Price部分中的“MUAMA Enence requires just a one-off payment for a huge selection of languages with $450.(MUAMA Enence只需一次性支付450美元即可购买大量语言。)”和最后一段中的“Click here to get a special 40% off deal we’ve secured for our readers.(点击这里可以便宜40%。)”可知,网上购买可以便宜40%,原价450美元,优惠后为270美元。故选C项。
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B
Experts say over half of the world’s seven thousand languages are in danger of disappearing.Every two weeks one language disappears.
Sometimes a language disappears immediately when the last person speaking it dies.Or,a local language might disappear more slowly.This happens when an official language is used more often and children stop learning the local language of their parents.Official languages often represent a form of control over a group of people.
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Throughout history,the language spoken by a powerful group spreads across a civilization.The more powerful culture rarely respects the languages and cultures of smaller groups.Smaller cultures lose their local language as the language of the culture in power has a stronger influence.
Experts say protecting languages is very important for many reasons. Languages contain the histories,ideas and knowledge of a culture.Languages also contain valuable information about local medicines,plants and animals.
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Many endangered languages are spoken by native cultures in close contact with the natural world.Their ancient languages contain a great deal of information about environmental systems and species of plants and animals that are unknown to scientists.As the last speakers of a language die off,the valuable information carried within a language also disappears.Language is,in many ways,a window to the mind and the world.
Any hope for protecting languages can be found in children and their willingness to learn.It is these young people who can keep this form of culture alive for future generations.
【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章主要通过提出“世界上7 000种语言中有一半以上面临消失的危险”这一问题,分析了语言消失的原因,同时重点讲述了语言保护的重要性以及期望。
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4.Which of the following is true
A.There have existed 7,000 languages in history.
B.No one can prevent languages from disappearing.
C.There will not be any local languages left some day.
D.Half of the world’s languages will possibly disappear.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Experts say over half of the world’s seven thousand languages are in danger of disappearing.”可知,世界上7 000种语言中有一半以上面临着消失的危险,由此可推知,一半以上的世界语言有可能在将来消失。D项是在原文基础上的合理论述。故选D项。
答案 D
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5.Language is a window to the mind and the world because .
A.it represents the working of the human minds
B.local languages are more closely related to culture
C.ancient languages can reveal ancient people’s thoughts
D.it contains information about both culture and nature
答案 D
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解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Many endangered languages are spoken by native cultures in close contact with the natural world.Their ancient languages contain a great deal of information about environmental systems and species of plants and animals that are unknown to scientists.”可知,许多濒临灭绝的语言被本土文化所使用,且包含了大量的与环境系统、动植物物种相关的信息,即,这些语言包含社会文化信息和自然信息,这是它们被称为一扇通向心灵和世界的窗户的原因。故选D项。
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6.According to the passage,a language will be better protected when .
A.children are interested in learning it
B.people are forced to speak it
C.it is linked to a powerful culture
D.it keeps pace with the times
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Any hope for protecting languages can be found in children and their willingness to learn.It is these young people who can keep this form of culture alive for future generations.”可知,保护语言的希望寄托在儿童身上,他们使这种文化得以延续。由此可推知,如果儿童对于语言学习感兴趣的话,这些语言可以得到更好的保护和延续。故选A项。
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7.The passage mainly discusses .
A.local languages
B.language protection
C.the power of language
D.language and culture
答案 B
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解析 主旨大意题。通过阅读文章内容可知,文章在第四段点明了文章的核心话题“Experts say protecting languages is very important for many reasons.”,即“保护语言”;同时文章最后一句“It is these young people who can keep this form of culture alive for future generations.”再次呼应主题“保护语言的希望在于儿童”。综上可知,文章的核心话题是“保护语言”。故选B项。
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C
(2023·湖北校联考阶段练习)
Besides “wow” and “great”,what else would you say when flying over the Earth in space Samantha Cristoforetti,the first Italian female astronaut in space,posted several lines of a famous ancient Chinese composition on the Internet to share her joy.
She first wrote in Chinese,and then attached an accurate translation of the lines in both Italian and English to help more people understand.“Looking up,I see the immensity of the cosmos; bowing my head,I look at the multitude of the world.The gaze flies,the heart expands,the joy of the senses can reach its
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peak,and indeed,this is true happiness,” it says.Two days before she landed on Earth,the beauty of space and Chinese literature resonated on her social media account.Before long,her posts went viral with thousands of reposts,likes and replies.
The text she quoted is from the Preface to Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion,a Chinese calligraphy masterpiece by Wang Xizhi (303—361) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317—420).She also attached three photos taken in space of China’s Bohai Bay and the day-night view of Beijing.“The poem and views are both magnificent as well as healing.If everyone could enjoy the same sight,a lot of pain in the world would be ‘dissipated’,” one user comments.
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As the first Italian female astronaut in space,Cristoforetti carried out her first space mission on November 23,2014.In 2022,she started the second mission in April and returned to Earth on Friday night after a 127-day stay in orbit.
Cristoforetti has also been active in Sino-European cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight.She was a working group member with Chinese counterparts to define and implement cooperation in the field of astronaut operations.When not traveling for work,she is an eager reader and has a great passion for languages.Speaking clear Chinese,Cristoforetti once told the media that the teams from China and Europe were working very well together in the field of astronaut training.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了一位意大利女性宇航员将一首中国诗歌放在网上,得到众多网友的喜爱和转发。
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8.What is the result of Cristoforetti’s post online
A.The birth of a masterpiece.
B.A trend of journey to space.
C.An instant hot issue on the Internet.
D.Different translations of the lines.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Two days before she landed on Earth, the beauty of space and Chinese literature resonated on her social media account.Before long,her posts went viral with thousands of reposts,likes and replies.”可知,Cristoforetti在网上的帖子立即成为热门话题。故选C项。
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9.Which word below can be used to replace the underlined word “dissipated” in paragraph 3
A.Relieved. B.Caused.
C.Increased. D.Recognized.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The poem and views are both magnificent as well as healing.”可知,这首诗和风景很治愈,所以如果每个人都能欣赏到同样的景象,那么世界上的许多痛苦就会“缓解”。由此可知,画线词dissipated与relieved(缓解,治愈)意思接近。故选A项。
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10.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Cristoforetti’s devotion to her career.
B.Cristoforetti’s language learning strategies.
C.The leadership Cristoforetti plays in her team.
D.The possible motivation for Cristoforetti’s post.
答案 D
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解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When not traveling for work,she is an eager reader and has a great passion for languages.Speaking clear Chinese,Cristoforetti once told the media that the teams from China and Europe were working very well together in the field of astronaut training.”可知,Cristoforetti和中国的宇航员合作得很好,而且是一个热衷阅读的语言爱好者。由此推知,这也许就是她发这个帖子的初衷。故选D项。
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11.What can be the best title of the passage
A.A female astronaut becomes online star
B.A Chinese poem gets popular abroad
C.Literature conveys the beauty of space
D.An Italian astronaut promotes Sino-European cooperation
答案 A
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解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Samantha Cristoforetti,the first Italian female astronaut in space,posted several lines of a famous ancient Chinese composition on the Internet to share her joy.”及下文陈述可知,文章主要讲述了一位意大利女性宇航员将一首中国诗歌放在网上,得到众多网友的喜爱和转发。由此可知,A female astronaut becomes online star适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
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Ⅴ.七选五
(2023·四川雅安校考期末)
We’re directly affected by our environment.When the rising temperature or the bitter cold is the first thing on your mind,it might be hard to discuss anything else.However,as a matter of fact,you needn’t have worried so much about this. 1 However,there are ways to change the activity into a meaningful moment between two people.
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1. 2
Talking about shared interests is the easiest way to make a connection with someone—and a method more personal than talking about the weather.When you start a conversation with someone,try searching for pieces of information that you can connect to.
2.Don’t ask someone what they do.
When speaking with someone for the first time,work is always one of our topics.But wanting to know what someone does for a living may kill our conversations. 3 When it comes to small talk,try avoiding jobs and discovering general interests instead.
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3.Enjoy the silence.
No one likes a long stop—but most silent moments between topics aren’t as long as you think they are. 4 Sometimes stops are needed in order to continue a conversation.Remember that if you say something,the other person may need to think about it,so enjoy the silence.
4.Look at your conversation as a learning experience.
Different people have different thoughts,ideas and feelings.Ask someone about a topic they’re familiar with that you know nothing about.Every time you meet someone new—or even speak with someone you know—it’s an opportunity to learn something. 5 You can expand your knowledge of other areas,cultures and nations.
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A.Search for common interests.
B.Keep your introduction simple.
C.Small talk may not be pleasant.
D.In fact,a little quiet can be a good thing.
E.It will benefit you more than you may realize.
F.Making small talk is an art that can be mastered.
G.It may send the signal that the most important part about us is our job.
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答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了闲聊可能并不愉快,然而,有一些方法可以将闲聊变成两个人之间有意义的时刻。
1.C 根据下文“However,there are ways to change the activity into a meaningful moment between two people.”可知,此处上下文讲的是让闲聊变成有意义的活动的方法。由此可知,上文讲的是闲聊可能并不令人愉快,与C项“Small talk may not be pleasant.”表达的含义一致,故选C项。
2.A 根据下文“Talking about shared interests is the easiest way to make a connection with someone—and a method more personal than talking about the weather.”可知,此处上下文说的是讨论共同感兴趣的话题,与A项“Search for common interests.”表达的含义一致,故选A项。
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3.G 根据上文“But wanting to know what someone does for a living may kill our conversations.”以及下文“When it comes to small talk,try avoiding jobs and discovering general interests instead.”可知,闲聊中提到工作会对闲聊不利,应避免在闲聊中谈到工作,与G项“It may send the signal that the most important part about us is our job.”表达的含义一致,故选G项。
4.D 根据上文“No one likes a long stop—but most silent moments between topics aren’t as long as you think they are.”以及下文“Sometimes stops are needed in order to continue a conversation.”可知,此处上下文说的是适时的沉默停顿或保持安静反而是一件好事,与D项“In fact,a little quiet can be a good thing.”表达的含义一致,故选D项。
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5.E 根据上文“it’s an opportunity to learn something”以及下文“You can expand your knowledge of other areas,cultures and nations.”可知,此处上下文说的是对你来说,这是让你受益的机会,与E项“It will benefit you more than you may realize.”表达的含义一致,故选E项。
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Ⅵ.完形填空
Last year I was on business for a couple of nights at a hotel.On my first 1 ,the registration clerk who greeted me at the reception desk offered to 2 my bags from my car and then showed me to my room.He had 3 a little about what I did and was also aware that I was feeling hungry after a long and very busy day. 4 ,room service had closed,so he suggested that I 5 some snack from the fridge in my room.
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A couple of 6 later,the phone rang and it was the helpful registration clerk.He said that he had checked to see what restaurants were 7 in the area,and he could organise a pizza to be 8 to my room in about fifteen minutes.Before he 9 up,knowing from our discussion that I had a(n) 10 start the next morning,he asked if I would like a wake-up call.He left me a good first 11 which is important in business.
My 12 doesn’t end there.The clerk continued his care over the remaining two days of my 13 .
At the end of my stay I asked to talk to the manager to let him know how great the 14 was on my arrival.To this day,I still can’t 15 it and want to stay at that hotel again.
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1.A.way B.scene
C.night D.business
2.A.protect B.pull
C.measure D.collect
3.A.stared at B.found out
C.cut down D.sorted out
4.A.Approximately B.Slightly
C.Unfortunately D.Personally
5.A.eat B.buy
C.hide D.make
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6.A.days B.meals
C.minutes D.diets
7.A.open B.clean
C.good D.popular
8.A.discovered B.sent
C.chosen D.shown
9.A.dressed B.hung
C.took D.turned
10.A.energetic B.lonely
C.usual D.early
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11.A.adventure B.lesson
C.imagination D.impression
12.A.story B.novel
C.manner D.trade
13.A.life B.stay
C.work D.conference
14.A.devotion B.service
C.snack D.atmosphere
15.A.read B.discuss
C.forget D.share
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答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次出差住在一家宾馆时遇到热心的服务员的故事。
1.C 根据上下文可知,这是作者来到该宾馆的晚上(night)。
2.D 由下文这名服务员对作者关心备至的做法来看,是他主动提出帮作者拿(collect)包的。
3.B 由下文的“was also aware...”可知,这名服务员事先对作者的情况做了一些了解。短语find out表示“查明;核实;了解”之意。
4.C 根据下文他建议作者吃(eat)放在冰箱里的点心可知,不幸的是(Unfortunately),宾馆客房服务部关门了。
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5.A 服务部关门了,因此他建议作者吃放在冰箱里的点心。
6.C 根据下文可知,那名客房服务员几分钟(minutes)后又帮作者查到周边还在营业的餐馆,表示可以为作者订到比萨饼。
7.A 上文讲到,服务部关门了,他去查找了哪个餐馆还营业,以便给作者送比萨饼来。
8.B 店门开着,他就能为作者买比萨饼,送到(sent)作者房间里来。
9.B 由上文的“the phone rang”可知,此处指在他挂断电话之前。
10.D 由下文的“he asked if I would like a wake-up call”可知,他得知作者明天要早起。
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11.D 这名服务员的做法给作者留下了一个很好的第一印象 (impression),而这个好的第一印象在生意场合中是很重要的。
12.A 由下文的“The clerk continued his care...”可知,作者在那家宾馆的故事还没有结束。
13.B 在余下的两天逗留(stay)时间里,那名服务员继续为作者热情服务。下一句中的“At the end of my stay”也是暗示。
14.B 作者想告诉经理自己从第一天到来就感受到的贴心服务(service)。
15.C 由下文的“want to stay at that hotel again”可知,作者仍然不会忘记 (forget) 那家宾馆。
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Ⅶ.语法填空
LEGO has been around forever and is still a favorite toy for 1.__________ (child) of all ages.Now,however,one teenager has found another use for LEGO 2. could help improve the lives of people who are missing limbs (手臂).
David Aguilar,a 19-year-old from Spain,was born without a right forearm.He was only 9 years old when he 3. (manage) to make a prosthetic arm (义肢) for himself out of LEGO.Though this LEGO arm was 4.________ (help) for David,it was not very strong.It wasn’t until nine years later that David was 5. (eventual) able to make another prosthetic arm.It was 6. strong that he could do push-ups with it!
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Now,7. (be) a student at Universitat Internacional de Catalunya,David studies bioengineering.In the coming years,David is hoping to make other much 8. (cheap) prostheses to give more people access to them around the world.He loves using his LEGO arm,and he wants other people who are missing limbs 9. (experience) the same thing!
It’s so refreshing to see such a clever young man who tries to help others in similar situations to his own!We can’t wait to see 10. David creates in the years to come!
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答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了来自西班牙的少年利用乐高制作义肢的故事。
1.children 考查名词复数。child是可数名词,且由后面的“of all ages”可知,应填名词复数形式children。
2.that/which 考查定语从句的关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词LEGO,且在从句中作主语,故填that或which。
3.managed 考查动词的时态。由前面的“He was only 9 years old”可知,设空处是对过去事实的描述,应用一般过去时,故填managed。
4.helpful 考查形容词。设空处应用形容词作表语,表示“有帮助的”,故填helpful。
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5.eventually 考查副词。设空处作状语,表示“最终”,故填eventually。
6.so 考查固定搭配。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,故填so。
7.being 考查动词-ing形式作状语。设空处作状语,又因为David与be之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用动词-ing形式作状语,故填being。
8.cheaper 考查形容词的比较级。由语境及前面的much可知,应用形容词的比较级,故填cheaper。
9.to experience 考查动词不定式作补语。want sb to do sth意为“想要某人做某事”。
10.what 考查宾语从句的连接词。设空处引导的从句作see的宾语,且在从句中作creates的宾语,根据句意“我们都等不及想看看David将来能创造出什么”可知,应填what。
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Ⅷ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I found myself dealing with worries right before the new school year started. My neighbor Ollie and I were skateboarding in the park when we happened to see some kids from my school.
“I wish summer wasn’t ending,” said Rose.“But at least I’ll be in Ms Ramirez’s class.My brother had her last year.She’s so nice.”
“I got Mr Nishimoto,” said Jack.“I’ve heard he brings his guitar and plays funny songs.”
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“I’d love to have a singing teacher!” I said.“I have Ms Newman,and I know nothing about her.”
“Oh no!” said Alex.“I’m sure she’s the one people called the mean,green homework machine.”
“I don’t listen to rumors (谣言),” I said with a smile.But part of me thought, “What if what Alex said is true ” And that’s when the worry button got pushed in my brain.And as you know,once the worry button gets pushed, one worry can turn into lots and lots of worries surprisingly quickly.
That night,I had a wild dream.I was searching for my perfect first-day-of-school suit,but a hungry goat got to it first and ate it up.So I had to wear the only thing left in my house—a swimsuit.
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So how did someone wearing a swimsuit get to school By swimming,of course.And since swimming through the busy streets of San Francisco wasn’t easy,I arrived at school really late.By the time I made it to my classroom,it was almost lunchtime.
“You’re late!” shouted a terrible green monster (怪兽).“Now you’ll have to do ten times as much homework!Every night,forever!”
I woke up with my heart racing.
That afternoon,Ollie’s grandma,Abuela,asked if I was looking forward to school starting.
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“Um,not exactly,” I said.And I started describing my frightening dream.The more I described it,the sillier it sounded.By the end of my story,Ollie,Abuela and I were laughing so hard that we could hardly catch our breath.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
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Abuela said she thought there might be some information about the teachers on our school’s website.
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Abuela also suggested I make a list of my worries,and that helped too.
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Abuela said she thought there might be some information about the teachers on our school’s website.She suggested I do a little research.On the website,we finally found a picture of Ms Newman,who was actually a smiling human,not a terrible monster.Beside her photo was a description of her hobbies and her pet dog.The minute I learned some facts about my new teacher my worry button finally switched off.
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Abuela also suggested I make a list of my worries,and that helped too.Being able to see my worries on paper made it much easier to talk about them and to plan ahead.I realized I needed to prepare something for my school a few days early.I also made sure I knew exactly when the school bus would arrive,and I printed out a map of the school with directions to my new classroom.And I was sure my school life was going to be just fine once I got used to it.(共56张PPT)
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Do you believe that television is (毒害) the minds of our children
2.Hopefully she’ll understand and (原谅) you,if she really loves you.
3.Her new book is a (延续) of her autobiography.
4.She offered him (情感的) and practical support in countless ways.
5.The children have been a great (安慰) to me through all of this.
poisoning
forgive
continuation
emotional
comfort
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6.He would have to marry a woman of (贵族的) blood.
7.The students finally met that great (学者) whom they had long admired.
8.In 1950,he joined the Royal Navy as an ordinary (水兵).
9.He removed his glasses and began polishing them with his _____________ (手帕).
10.At last,we spent two months (在船上).
noble
scholar
seaman
handkerchief
aboard
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Ⅱ. 短语填空
in the darkness;with ease;for the first time;be filled with;struggle against;
with great attention;be made of;in desperation;depend on;take for granted
1. ,she called Lucy and asked for her help.
2.Many times in life we feel we need to things that are beyond our control.
3.Young children seem to master computer games .
4.Children their parents for food and clothing.
5.We admiration for his achievements.
In desperation
struggle against
with ease
depend on
were filled with
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in the darkness;with ease;for the first time;be filled with;struggle against;
with great attention;be made of;in desperation;depend on;take for granted
6.I’ll never forget hearing this piece of music .
7.If it wood it will float.
8.They loved learning,listened attentively in the class and finished the assignments .
9.It’s something that many people when they’re born and they grow up within the environment.
10. she could not see that it was a snake.
for the first time
is made of
with great attention
take for granted
In the darkness
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B 级 能力素养提升练
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood (1939— ),Canadian
Because of pollution,many women are infertile(不育的).New laws create the job of handmaid,a woman who can have babies for rich families.This is the story of Offred,a handmaid.Offred works for Fred and his family.She wonders if she can get away,and she has to hurry.
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Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell (1903—1950),English
The novel is set in the future,but it is the year 1984.Winston Smith lives in London,part of the English country Oceania.There are three countries in the world:Oceania,Eurasia and Eastasia.Big Brother is the leader of Oceania.The government controls everything,even people’s thoughts.
Winston,a government worker,meets Julia,another worker,and they fall in love—a crime in Oceania.The government discovers their secret,and Winston and Julia must go to the Ministry of Love,a centre for enemies of Big Brother.
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Brave New World by Aldous Huxley (1894—1963),English
London,600 years in the future.The Controllers are the rulers of the world. People don’t know war,disease or pain.They enjoy sports and spare time,but they are not free.The Controllers create babies in factories.Adults are divided into five social classes.When a man from a wild area of the world gets to London,he criticises the society.In the end,he has to choose between joining them or dying.
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Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury (1920—2012),American
It is 24th century America.People can’t read or own books,as books are against the law.The population gets all their information from the television. Guy Montag is a fireman.Firemen don’t stop fires;they start them.They burn books at a temperature of 451 degrees.One day Montag meets young Clarisse, who makes him question the society he lives in.Soon Montag gets interested in the books he is supposed to destroy.
【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四部著名的反乌托邦文学作品。
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1.Which book describes Winston and Julia’s love
A.The Handmaid’s Tale.
B.Nineteen Eighty-Four.
C.Brave New World.
D.Fahrenheit 451.
解析 细节理解题。根据Nineteen Eighty-Four部分中的“Winston,a government worker,meets Julia,another worker,and they fall in love—a crime in Oceania.”可知,《1984》这本书描述了Winston和Julia之间的爱情故事。
答案 B
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2.What can we learn about Brave New World
A.It was written in 1894.
B.It is set in 24th century America.
C.It describes a society without freedom.
D.It predicts people’s perfect life in the future.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Brave New World部分中的“They enjoy sports and spare time,but they are not free.”可知,《美丽新世界》中人们生活在一个没有自由的社会里。
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3.What do the four books have in common
A.They are well-known historical novels.
B.They were all written by American authors.
C.They centre on the future government of America.
D.They are about imaginary places where life is hard.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。四本书设定的时间都在未来,且所讲述的内容都是幻想出来的一个不理想的社会,故应选D项。
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B
Elizabeth Bishop is considered one of the best American poets of the 20th century.She was born in Worcester,Massachusetts in 1911.Her dad died when she was just a baby and her mom never recovered from the loss;she went to live with her grandparents in Nova Scotia,Canada when she was five. Eventually Bishop attended Vassar College,where she began to write poetry.
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At Vassar she discovered Marianne Moore’s poetry and met “Ms.Moore” and began their life-long friendship.She later met poet Robert Lowell.She wrote tons and tons of letters to both of them,which is good for us because we would otherwise know very little of her personal life.Bishop’s poetry is sometimes considered objective and cold because it shows almost nothing about the poet or her life.
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Bishop published her first book of poetry in 1946 and wrote until her death in 1979.She would spend years working on a single poem.Her poems are not the result of hasty scribbling (匆忙乱写) on paper while eating breakfast.Over a lifetime of writing,she only published about 275 pages of poetry,and about 40 of those are translations.She would look through drafts of poems again and again and improve them until they were as close to perfect as she could get them.
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Reading Elizabeth Bishop is like being transported to the very place,the very moment she’s writing about.She leads us to a microscope so we can see every smallest part of the scene.It seems she’s always asking us to notice more and more until the poem is so clear in our minds that it’s almost painful—like a light that’s too bright.It might take your eyes a while to get used to it,but once they do,you’ll like what you see.
【语篇导读】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了20世纪美国著名女诗人伊丽莎白·毕肖普,并对其诗歌进行了评价。
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4.What do we know about Bishop’s early life
A.She started to write poems at five.
B.She was always encouraged by her parents.
C.She spent her childhood mainly in Worcester.
D.She was mainly brought up by her grandparents.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her dad died when she was just a baby...live with her grandparents in Nova Scotia,Canada when she was five.”可知,毕肖普主要是由祖父母带大的。
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5.Why are Bishop’s letters to Moore and Lowell important
A.They have a deep influence on other poets.
B.They offer much information about her life.
C.They help us study Moore and Lowell’s poetry.
D.They prove she had friendships with famous poets.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She wrote tons and tons of letters to both of them,which is good for us because we would otherwise know very little of her personal life.”可知,毕肖普写给穆尔和洛威尔的书信为人们提供了毕肖普日常生活方面的信息,因此这些书信很重要。
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6.What can we say about Bishop’s poetic creation
A.She liked to write in the morning.
B.She could write poems at high speed.
C.She tried her best to achieve perfection.
D.She published hundreds of books of poetry.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知,毕肖普创作诗歌的时候精益求精,力求完美。第三段中的“until they were as close to perfect as she could get them”是关键的线索。
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7.Which can be used to describe the style of Bishop’s poems
A.Exact. B.Informal.
C.Humorous. D.Enthusiastic.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She leads us to a microscope so we can see every smallest part of the scene.”和“It seems she’s always...that’s too bright.”可知,毕肖普的诗歌讲究精准到位。
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C
Gene Wolfe is one of the most admired and respected American science fiction and fantasy writers.He is also a productive writer of outstanding short fiction,which is collected in many volumes over the last forty years,most recently in The Best of Gene Wolfe.
Although Wolfe is not as well-known to readers as he once was,he has been the receiver of great praise,including three World Fantasy Awards,two Nebulas, and eight Hugo Award nominations (提名).Sci-fi author Harlan Ellison has called him,“no less than one of the finest,most original writers in the world today”,and the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction named him “quite possibly the most important” writer in the field of science fiction.
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Born in 1931,New York,Gene Wolfe moved frequently as a child,but spent most of his growing-up years in Texas.Wolfe began writing fiction in 1956, selling his first story,The Dead Man,to Sir magazine in 1965.He produced a vast amount of short fiction during the 1960s and 1970s,many of which was published in Damon Knight’ s Orbit anthologies.In 1972 Wolfe’ s groundbreaking The Fifth Head of Cerberus appeared.The story of human conquest (征服) upon two distant planets,the book examines issues of identity,individuality,and the results of colonialism (殖民主义) upon both the colonised and the colonizer.The novel was later listed in David Pringle’s 1985 list of The 100 Best Novels in science fiction for the period of 1949—1984.
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Many of his novels,The Shadow of the Torturer included,rely on a diary or letter to tell his story.In addition,Wolfe’s early interest in mystery novels shines through in his ability to drop cleverly hidden clues that allow the readers to grasp at the possible narrative behind the narrative.
By 1984 Wolfe was able to retire and devote himself full-time to his writing.Yet despite (尽管) all this,and despite the continuing respect of his colleagues,his work has become somewhat unfamiliar.Wolfe’s admirers hoped this fact would be at least somewhat improved by his most recent offering,The Wizard Knight,which fell within the fantasy type that was currently popular.
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国科幻、奇幻小说家吉恩·沃尔夫。
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8.What is Harlan Ellison’s attitude towards Gene Wolfe
A.Concerned. B.Sympathetic.
C.Admiring. D.Regretful.
解析 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Sci-fi author Harlan Ellison has called him,‘no less than one of the finest,most original writers in the world today’”可知,科幻作家Harlan Ellison对吉恩·沃尔夫赞誉有加。
答案 C
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9.What do we know about The Fifth Head of Cerberus
A.It was well received.
B.It was Gene Wolfe’s first novel.
C.It was published in Sir magazine.
D.It was co-authored by David Pringle.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由第三段中的“The novel was later listed in David Pringle’s 1985 list of The 100 Best Novels in science fiction for the period of 1949—1984.”可知,吉恩·沃尔夫的《刻耳柏洛斯的第五人格》受到读者的好评。
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10.Which has great influence on Gene Wolfe’s writing style
A.His understanding of life.
B.His childhood experiences.
C.His colleagues’ suggestions.
D.His love for mystery fiction.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Wolfe’s early interest in mystery novels shines through in his ability...”可知,吉恩·沃尔夫早期对推理小说的兴趣极大影响了他的写作风格。
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11.What can we infer about Gene Wolfe from the last paragraph
A.His work has become less popular.
B.He became famous for The Wizard Knight.
C.His fans were disappointed to some degree.
D.He stopped fantasy writing after his retirement.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“his work has become somewhat unfamiliar”可知,吉恩·沃尔夫的作品变得有些不太为人所知。
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D
(2023·湖北武汉校联考期中)
What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field.However,Wu Cui,an intangible cultural inheritor,can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw-weaving(草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins,a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China’s Zhejiang Province.The Book of Rites,one of the classical works of Confucianism,also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty.
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Straw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or artworks.It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving: selection of materials is the first step of a complicated,time-consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks,or even months,to complete.You need to sketch(素描) the piece on paper,which requires drawing skills.Next comes weaving,shaping and preserving of the work.Even by finishing that process,it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work,and the hardest part is to make it vivid.
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In the past,woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside,such as straw hats and straw shoes,because they were practical in everyday life.But due to the impact of industrialization,manufactured goods have replaced such products,which produce low profits,and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country.“The world has changed,and craftsmen need to transcend practicality and seek the beauty and artistry of straw culture to help the craft survive and develop,” Wu says.
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As far as she is concerned,straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences,while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture. “Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says.When asked about her plans,Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了草编的起源、编织过程、现状以及未来发展的方向。
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12.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw-weaving products
A.Their major uses.
B.Their cultural value.
C.Their historic origins.
D.Their manufacturing process.
解析 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知,草编历史悠久,可以追溯到新石器时代,周代有了专业的草编工匠。由此可知,本段主要介绍了草编产品的历史源头。故选C项。
答案 C
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13.Which is the most difficult part for straw-weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui
A.Making the artworks lifelike.
B.Drawing sketches on paper.
C.Selecting suitable materials.
D.Preserving finished products.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Even by finishing that process,it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work,and the hardest part is to make it vivid.”可知,吴翠认为草编技艺最难的地方在于让作品栩栩如生。故选A项。
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14.What does the underlined word “transcend” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Rely on. B.Turn to.
C.Throw away. D.Go beyond.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据第五段内容,尤其是“need to transcend practicality and seek the beauty and artistry of straw culture to help the craft survive and develop”可知,过去匠人追求实用性,但是现在的社会需要追求美和艺术性。由此推知,匠人要超越实用性,transcend意为“超越”,与go beyond意思相近。故选D项。
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15.What can we learn from Wu Cui’s opinion according to the last paragraph
A.Straw-weaving products are out of favor with customers.
B.Seeking fashion should be the first task for craftspeople.
C.Local people benefit a lot from the straw-weaving techniques.
D.Craftsmen should create the craft based on traditional culture.
答案 D
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解析 理判断题。根据最后一段中“As far as she is concerned,straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences,while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture.”可知,吴翠认为从传统文化中汲取灵感很重要。由此推之,匠人应该立足于传统文化创造草编产品。故选D项。
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Ⅳ.七选五
When reading Jack Reacher’s novel,I noticed that he would often answer questions with silence.It was very powerful indeed. 1 For some people, silence comes naturally.But there are quite a few of us who need to learn the art of practicing silence.Read on for more reasons to try silence in your daily communications.
Silence gets people’s attention.
If you have ever been in a classroom,you have most likely experienced how silence often gets everyone’s attention.When the teacher stops talking,a signal goes to the brain that something has happened. 2 The same is true in our daily conversations.If we fall silent,people will notice it and we gain their attention.
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Silence uses body language.
Often our body language is a more powerful way of communicating than what comes out of our mouth. 3 The ability to understand and use body language is a powerful tool that can help you connect with others,express what you really mean,and build better relationships.
Silence offers sympathy(同情) for others.
There are times in life when silence offers sympathy and understanding to others.Sometimes we simply don’t have the right words to communicate to someone who is struggling with a hurtful or painful situation.But we can still show them that we care about them and we are there for them. 4
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Silence is polite.
5 From radio broadcasts,news channels,stores to the constant chatter of people around us.So when we do get the chance to talk,we usually feel like we have to fill every thought into a short period of time.However,when we are silent,we give others a chance to speak.We show them that they matter.
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A.We can offer comfort by our calming silence.
B.The silence often left the other person puzzled.
C.To comfort them,you may tell them a similar painful situation.
D.Often the other person would quickly get the needed answer in silence.
E.Our facial expressions,eye contact,and even tone of voice speak the loudest.
F.We live in a society where we are fighting with so many sources of information.
G.All of a sudden you pay attention and wonder why communication has stopped.
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答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了我们日常交流中尝试保持沉默的原因。
1.D 根据上文“When reading Jack Reacher’s novel,I noticed that he would often answer questions with silence.It was very powerful indeed.”可知,杰克·里奇常用沉默来回答问题,D项解释了他这样做的原因与上下文构成因果关系,且句中“get the needed answer”与上文“answer questions”相呼应。故选D项。
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2.G 根据小标题“Silence gets people’s attention.”和上文“When the teacher stops talking,a signal goes to the brain that something has happened.”以及常识可知,老师课堂上突然沉默,学生会想知道其原因,所以G项符合上下文语境。故选G项。
3.E 根据小标题“Silence uses body language.”和上文“Often our body language is a more powerful way of communicating than what comes out of our mouth.”可知,本段陈述肢体语言有时是更有效的交流,E项对此进行了举例说明,符合上下文语境。故选E项。
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4.A 根据小标题“Silence offers sympathy for others.”和上文“There are times in life when silence offers sympathy and understanding to others...But we can still show them that we care about them and we are there for them.”可知,本段陈述通过沉默来安慰别人,A项进一步说明沉默的意义,且句中“offer comfort”与上文“we care about them”相照应,符合上下文语境。故选A项。
5.F 下文“From radio broadcasts,news channels,stores to the constant chatter of people around us.(从广播、新闻频道、商店到我们周围人不断的喋喋不休。)”是对F项的举例说明,其中“radio broadcasts,news channels,stores to the constant chatter”与“so many sources of information”相呼应,符合上下文语境。故选F项。
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Ⅴ.语法填空
(2023·山东省实验中学校考一模)
Quyi is a general term for all kinds of talking and singing arts in China.It originated from oral literature,the talking and singing performances of ancient people.It refers 1. (primary) to storytelling,accompanied by body movements.There are many different types of quyi-performance in China,such as comic dialogues,degu,pingshu and shuanghuang,among 2. the crosstalk is most popular.
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The crosstalk,also 3. (know) as xiangsheng in Chinese,a kind of folk art with“comic” dialogues began as 4. form of street performance and is generally thought to have taken form in the late Qing Dynasty,particularly during the rule of the Xianfeng Emperor and the Tongzhi Emperor in the mid-1800s.
The crosstalk realizes 5. (it) artistic presentation by means of imitation,talking,teasing,and singing.The jokes 6. (hide) in the baofu,or “package”.When the right time comes,they are suddenly spilled out,just like the funny stuff being thrown out of a carefully,wrapped package, thus unexpectedly but logically with a second thought,7. (cause)
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the audience to laugh.Most of the crosstalk 8. (story) come from daily life.Others are based on folk jokes,historic legends,events and word games.The stage props(道具) are quite simple:a fan,a handkerchief 9.______ a table will be adequate.Normally,a crosstalk performance is done by two people.Up to now,the crosstalk has become a nationwide 10. ____________ (entertain) loved by different walks of people.
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答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了相声这种艺术形式以及其特点。
1.primarily 考查副词。修饰动词refer应用副词primarily,作状语。故填primarily。
2.which 考查定语从句。句意:在中国有许多不同类型的曲艺表演,如相声、德鼓、评书和双簧,其中最受欢迎的是相声。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词types,作介词的宾语,指物,故填which。
3.known 考查非谓语动词。短语be known as表示“被称为”,省略be动词,过去分词作后置定语,故填known。
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4.a 考查冠词。form为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
5.its 考查代词。句意:相声通过模仿、说话、逗趣、唱歌等手段来实现其艺术表现。修饰名词presentation应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
6.are hidden 考查动词的时态、语态。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且陈述客观事实,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为jokes,谓语用复数。故填are hidden。
7.causing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知cause与逻辑主语they构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填causing。
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8.stories 考查名词复数。句意:大多数相声故事来自日常生活。story为可数名词,结合上文Most of the crosstalk可知,此处用复数形式。故填stories。
9.and 考查连词。前后文为并列关系,应用连词and。故填and。
10.entertainment 考查名词。句意:时至今日,相声已成为一种深受各界人士喜爱的全国性娱乐活动。设空处在表语位置,根据不定冠词可知,此处用单数名词。故填entertainment。
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Ⅵ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给的段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Amanda felt as gray as the sky outside when she looked across the table at her little sister.Li sat on her seat,drinking from her cup.
“Mom,why does Li hate me ”
“Honey,she doesn’t hate you.Li is still getting used to you,” Mom said.“It’s only been two weeks.”
“But look,” Amanda took a cookie off her dish and held it out to Li.“Want to eat it ”
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As soon as Li saw Amanda reaching over,her eyes widened.Li quickly got down from her seat and raced to her room.
“See ” Amanda said to Mom.“I thought being a big sister would be fun.”
Over a year ago,Amanda’s parents said that they were adopting (收养) a daughter from China,and Amanda had danced with excitement.She’d dreamed of taking her sister to the park,reading books to her,and teaching her to ride a bicycle.That hadn’t happened.
“She runs away whenever I get close,” Amanda said.
Mom took Amanda’s hand.“Think of how frightening it is for her.She’s in a new country with a new family.”
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“I just wish I knew how to help her,” Amanda said,thinking of Li’s frightened eyes.
Amanda went into the family room and sat down on the sofa.How could she help Li She’d sung songs to her,drawn pictures for her,and made funny faces.None of that had worked.
Amanda turned on the TV.She stopped to watch a film about a dog and a cat.The film was in another language.The show looked funny,but she didn’t understand any of it.It made Amanda remember when they were in China.She had gotten frustrated (沮丧的) when people talked in Chinese.
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That’s it.Amanda turned off the TV and sped to her room.She found the CDs Aunt Linda gave her last year to help her learn some Chinese.
Amanda tiptoed (踮着脚走) to Li’s room.Looking in,Amanda saw Li curled up (蜷缩) in a ball on her bed.She could hear Li sobbing (啜泣).Amanda knocked on the open door.
Li moved to the back of her bed.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
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“Ni hao,”Amanda said,hoping she had pronounced it right.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When she didn’t hear any sobs,Amanda looked over at the bed and saw Li smiling.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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“Ni hao,”Amanda said,hoping she had pronounced it right.Li didn’t answer,but she didn’t shout,either.Amanda crossed the room to Li’s pink CD player.“Do you like music ” Li didn’t answer,just looking at Amanda.Amanda put the CD into the player.Voices of children filled the room.“Yi,er,san,” sang the voices on the tape.“In English,that means one,two,three,” Amanda said.She didn’t look at Li,afraid that Li would start crying and run away.
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When she didn’t hear any sobs,Amanda looked over at the bed and saw Li smiling.“Yi,er,san!” sang Li,clapping her hands.A few songs later,Amanda’s mom came to the door.Amanda and Li were side by side.“I found the CDs Aunt Linda gave me last year to help me learn some Chinese,” Amanda explained.“I thought that Li might know these songs.” “What a great idea!” Mom said.“Jie jie,” Li said,pointing at Amanda.Amanda felt a rush of excitement.“That means big sister,” she smiled at Li.“And you’re my mei mei.”(共46张PPT)
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She was such a beautiful girl that we all stopped to (凝视) at her.
2.You can try to cover up with a (毯子).
3.Alice had some exciting (冒险) in Egypt last summer.
4.New dances then came out of both opera dances and (民间的) dances.
5.This is a very (主观的) judgement of her abilities.
stare
blanket
adventures
folk
subjective
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6.It may feel as if an (未被看见的) hand is pushing you forward.
7.Write on one side of the paper and leave the other side (空白的).
8.It was ten in the morning but the (窗帘) were still drawn.
9.The water is only a few (英寸) deep.
10.I had asked everyone to (提交) questions in advance of the meeting.
11.Each child had to (背诵) a poem to the class.
unseen
blank
curtains
inches
submit
recite
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Ⅱ.短语填空
at the top of;slip away;be famous for;long to;look out;stare at;go sailing;
be tired of
1.Don’t people like that;you might upset them.
2.The parks of this city their beautiful fountains.
3.The church was built a hill.
4.Since we live near the lake,we often with our friends.
stare at
are famous for
at the top of
go sailing
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5.The fact that public parks in cities become crowded as soon as the sun shines proves that people breathe in green,open spaces.
6.She hearing about their trip to India.
7.I let the day without doing anything at all.
8.I’m the window,and it’s raining cats and dogs.
at the top of;slip away;be famous for;long to;look out;stare at;go sailing;
be tired of
long to
was tired of
slip away
looking out
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Ⅲ.单句写作
1.如果你认为你的梦想没有希望实现,那么你根本就不会去尝试。
If you believe for making your dreams come true,you simply won’t try.
2.我把他叫到一边,告诉他发生的事情。
I and told him what had happened.
there is no hope
took him aside
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3.人们正采取这些措施来试图改善该地区的种族关系。
These measures are being taken __________ __________ __________ __________ improve race relations in the area.
4.我难以置信地望着我的朋友,他讲的就是我们第一天相遇的故事。
I just looked at my friend as he told the story of the first day we met.
5.这就是发生事故的地点。
This is the place the accident happened.
in an attempt
to
in disbelief
in which
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B 级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
High school is the time when you discover who you are.Friends leave you and relationships break up.It is terrible.I’m not going to lie.My senior year was the worst year of all.I lost a lot of my “friends” and started to become really unhappy about the lack of social interactions (交往) until suddenly an amazing person came into my life.
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It was the second semester of my senior year.Tension was high for me with applying to colleges and trying to get perfect grades.I had lost people who had been my friends for years.One day,our school posted names of students who were going into the military,and I saw a girl named Dominique C.It was super unusual to see another Dominique.I knew I had to meet her.One day,I noticed a guy I talked to on a daily basis was talking with her.He saw me and introduced me to Dominique C.She was the complete opposite of me,with short black hair and big green eyes.But somehow,we just clicked at once.
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Many people never understood how we became friends.We both had very different social circles,but we were basically the same person.We both loved literature.Studying Greek together,we understood each other’s thoughts.We reacted to everything in the same way.We only knew each other for a few months,but we acted as if we were friends for years.
This year has been hard on our friendship.Due to Dominique C joining the military and me studying in and out of the state college,Dominique C and I have hardly talked.Together we communicate as much as we can during breaks.Still our friendship is strong.
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I am lucky to have Dominique C in my life.Every time we cried together and held hands down the hallways,it actually made my day.And fighting for French fries and hamburgers always had me in tears.I cannot wait to spend the summer with Dominique C.
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者在高中最后一年紧张的生活中意外收获了友谊。
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1.What did the author try to do in the second semester of her senior year
A.Get high scores. B.Drop out of school.
C.Visit different colleges. D.Learn to become positive.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was the second semester of my senior year.Tension was high for me with applying to colleges and trying to get perfect grades.”可知,作者忙着拿高分申请大学。
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2.What does the underlined word “clicked” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Learned a lot. B.Became friends.
C.Completed the task. D.Joined the military.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Many people never understood how we became friends.”及对两人的诸多共同爱好的描述可知,两人一见如故,很快成了好朋友。
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3.What did the author tell us about Dominique C
A.She had a different character from the author.
B.She had many common friends with the author.
C.She looked completely different from the author.
D.She spent too much time in learning Greek.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was the complete opposite of me,with short black hair and big green eyes.”可知,两人的外表是完全不一样的。
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4.What can we learn about the author and Dominique C
A.They study in the same college.
B.They have a strong relationship.
C.They often fight over some big things.
D.They hardly communicate during breaks.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“...Dominique C and I have hardly talked.Together we communicate as much as we can during breaks.Still our friendship is strong.”可知,作者与Dominique C虽然只能利用休息时间交流,但她们的友谊依然牢固。
答案 A
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B
In his new book,The Animals Among Us,John Bradshaw destroys a few myths (错误认识) about the pets that increasingly crowd our homes.
Some assumptions he questions are whether animals can feel embarrassment or guilt,and whether their minds are able to plan.In an interview,he said, “Alexandra Horowitz,the author of Our Dogs,Ourselves in New York,showed that the guilty look is actually a sign of the dog’s great ability to read human body language.Dogs put the guilty look on almost before the owner knows it’s time to get angry about something the dog has done.They almost seem to react as fast as our minds can.As soon as you look at the dog,the dog is already looking guilty.
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“You make the assumption that the dog was looking guilty before you looked at it.But the science shows that the dog doesn’t start looking guilty until the moment it sees the owner’s body language.
“So,what kind of abilities do you need to feel guilt In our human terms,guilt is quite complex.You have to compare something you did in the past with some internal norms (内在的标准),which you have learned over the course of a long period of time.There’s no evidence that the dog’s mind can do that.
“I am not saying that dogs are stupid.Their minds are very good at doing what they do.They can react more quickly to human body language than humans can.But we assume their emotions are the same as ours,and that’s the mistake.
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“As for planning,there has also been a lot of research but not so much into dogs.The problem is making comparisons between animals.Although humans and dogs share some similarities,the cerebral cortex (大脑皮层),the bit we do most of our thinking with,is reduced in dogs.They rely a lot more on smell. They do have an ability to plan if they’ve been faced with a particular situation before.But they can’t imagine themselves into a situation they’ve never been in.”
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。The Animals Among Us一书的作者John Bradshaw在文中解释了人们对狗的错误认识。
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5.On which question are Alexandra’s and John’s opinions divided
A.Whether dogs have guilty looks.
B.Whether dogs use body language.
C.Whether dogs can feel guilty like man.
D.Whether dogs can feel their owners’ anger.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“whether animals can feel embarrassment or guilt”和“Dogs put the guilty look on almost before the owner knows it’s time to get angry about something the dog has done.”及第四段中的“There’s no evidence that the dog’s mind can do that.”可知,两人真正的分歧在于John认为狗不会像人一样感到内疚。
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6.Which of the following would John Bradshaw agree with
A.Dogs are as clever as man.
B.Dogs are easy to understand.
C.Dogs have the same emotions as man.
D.Dogs can read human body language fast.
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They can react more quickly to human body language than humans can.”可知,John认为狗可以迅速解读人类的肢体语言。
答案 D
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7.What is John Bradshaw’s opinion about dogs’ planning ability
A.It’s limited.
B.It’s common in dogs.
C.It’s beyond our expectations.
D.It’s controlled by the cerebral cortex.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They do have an ability to plan if they’ve been faced with a particular situation before.But they can’t imagine themselves into a situation they’ve never been in.”可知,狗的计划能力是非常有限的,仅限于它们见过的情况。
答案 A
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8.What’s the purpose of the text
A.To advertise John Bradshaw’s book.
B.To stress the role of body language.
C.To show dogs’ communication skills.
D.To correct misunderstandings about dogs.
答案 D
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段中的“destroys a few myths about the pets”和下文具体内容可知,本文主要是围绕人们关于狗的两个误解展开的,并借John Bradshaw之口解释了真实的情况分别是什么。
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C
Whether it is for a special festival,to express thanks or to just let someone know that you care about them,giving gifts is a common custom.The purpose of giving gifts may be similar,but the tradition varies from country to country. A gift of respect in one place may be considered rude in another.Take a look at three unique gift-giving traditions.
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India
If you’re invited to someone’s home in India,you should bring a small gift,whether it’s a box of chocolates or some flowers.Gifts shouldn’t be wrapped(包裹) in black or white colours,because they are considered unlucky.Instead,use bright colours such as green,red or yellow.When giving money for any occasion,it should have an odd number(奇数) value.That’s believed to bring good luck.Instead of receiving a gift with both hands,Indians generally only use their right hand because left hands are considered unclean.
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Japan
For most Japanese,the ritual(礼节) of giving presents is more important than the gifts themselves.The correct way is to present or receive gifts with both hands.Every gift should be wrapped.That’s because uncovered gifts are considered disrespectful.To show politeness and thanks,those who are receiving the gift may turn it down once or twice before finally accepting it.Gifts should be given in pairs,but four should be avoided just like in China.Lucky numbers also include eight.Eight is said to bring prosperity.
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Native America
While it may be common for guests to prepare gifts for hosts,this is different in Native American communities.From weddings to birthday celebrations, guests are the ones who receive gifts.Gifts are usually homemade arts and crafts that are made by hand to show love,respect and appreciation.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了三个地方的独特的送礼传统。
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9.What kind of gift would you bring to an Indian home
A.Some chocolates in a green box.
B.Flowers wrapped in black paper.
C.Sixty dollars in a yellow envelope.
D.Seventy-five rupees wrapped in white paper.
答案 A
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解析 推理判断题。根据India小标题下段中的“Gifts shouldn’t be wrapped in black or white colours,because they are considered unlucky.Instead,use bright colours such as green,red or yellow.”可知,在印度送礼不可以用黑白两色包装纸,可以是绿、红、黄颜色,所以可用A项“绿色盒子装的巧克力”,排除B项“用黑纸包着的花”和D项“用白纸包着的七十五卢比”两项;根据段中“When giving money for any occasion,it should have an odd number value.”可知,捐钱数目应是奇数值,排除C项“装在一个黄色信封里的六十美元”。故选A项。
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10.Why don’t Japanese accept a gift at once
A.To get another better gift.
B.To be more polite and thankful.
C.To refuse one’s kindness.
D.To be more outgoing and active.
解析 细节理解题。根据Japan小标题下段中的“To show politeness and thanks,those who are receiving the gift may turn it down once or twice before finally accepting it.”可知,日本人不马上接受礼物是为了表示更加礼貌和感谢。故选B项。
答案 B
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11.What is the purpose of the text
A.To list some attractive festivals.
B.To compare some countries.
C.To recommend some formal gifts.
D.To introduce some gift-giving traditions.
答案 D
解析 写作意图题。通读全文,尤其根据第一段中的“Take a look at three unique gift-giving traditions.(让我们来看看三个独特的送礼传统。)”以及后面三段介绍了三个国家的送礼传统可知,本文目的就是为了介绍一些送礼传统。故选D项。
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Ⅴ.七选五
It can be very easy to stick with what you know,instead of trying to meet people who are different from you. 1 Here’s what you can do.
Become self-aware. 2 This includes bias (偏见) about your own cultural background.It can be challenging,but by doing this you’ll be able to think about how these traits might impact on your approach to understanding differences.You could try:Think about what assumptions you make about your friends,peers,and people you work with.
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Talk to someone from a different cultural background.Try and get to know someone from a different cultural background better. 3 You’ll automatically find out more about their life and experiences.Just being curious and open-minded can be helpful.
Be more accepting.Sometimes,for one reason or another,it’s not all that easy to understand some cultural differences. 4 In other words,you don’t have to understand,or even agree with someone in order to accept them.
5 One of the biggest difficulties to overcome in understanding cultural differences is making judgments based on one opinion.You should do some research to actually learn about people,instead of making broad-brush assessments.Stereotyping (对……形成模式化的看法) people from different cultural backgrounds can impact on their quality of life and opportunities.
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A.Do your own research.
B.Think beyond stereotypes.
C.Practice being sympathetic towards people.
D.Work out your own beliefs,values and personal bias.
E.Instead of asking them questions directly,treat them as friends.
F.And the best approach is to acknowledge people are different and to accept that is okay.
G.However,trying to understand people from other countries can help you experience more.
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答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要论述了几种降低文化差异影响、让交流沟通更和谐的方法,包括了解自己、与来自不同文化背景的人交谈、变得更能接受和不要观念固化等。
1.G 根据上句可知,坚持你所知道的而不是去结识与你不同的人,这很容易。结合下文内容可知,空处应是一个转折句,起到承上启下的作用,说明尽力理解来自其他国家的人可以给你带来好处,所以G项符合语境。
2.D 根据该段首句“Become self-aware.”可知,该段主要陈述要了解自己;根据空处下句“This includes bias about your own cultural background.”可知,这包括对自己文化背景的偏见。据此可以判断,空处应与偏见有关。D项中的“bias”与空处下句中的“bias”对应。
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3.E 根据空处下句可知,你会自然而然地了解到更多关于他们的生活和经历的信息。结合常识可知,空处应说要像朋友一样对待他们,而不是直接问他们问题。
4.F 根据该段首句“Be more accepting.”可知,该段主要建议要接受对方的不同。根据空处下句可知,你不需要为了接受他们而去理解甚至赞同某人。据此可知,空处应说要承认人们是不同的并接受这一点。
5.B 根据空处所在的位置可知,空处为该段的主旨句。根据上文第二、三、四段首句可知,该句为祈使句;根据该段内容可知,该段主要说明不要对来自不同文化背景的人形成模式化的看法,B项中的“stereotypes”和该段尾句中的“Stereotyping”对应。
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Ⅵ.完形填空
(2023·上海南洋模范中学校考期中)
In the history of language,words rise and fall.We make and remake them; they make and remake us.The story of a word is as complex as a hurricane.It is 1 to know for sure how it catches on,meets new needs,and acquires new meanings.It is impossible to 2 the decline of one word on the rise of another.
But in the destinies of two pairs of words is a suggestion of a turning in American 3 .It is a turning away from an idea of the natural worth of things: from “pleasure”,with its sense of a(n) 4 condition of mind,to “fun”,so closely affiliated with outward activities;from “excellence”,an inner trait whose attainment is its own reward,to “achievement”,which comes through hard work and 5 .
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“Pleasure” speaks of a state of mind that comes organically,that need not be artificially induced.“Fun”,though almost the same as “pleasure” for contemporary speakers,often 6 artificial inducement(诱导).You don’t feel fun;you do a fun thing.And “fun” has no hint of elitism(优越感),while “pleasure” does.
If “pleasure” comes from being,“fun” comes from doing and,often,switching off the brain.The transition of American usage from “pleasure” to “fun” perhaps partly accounts for the American 7 on activities for all occasions, rather than trusting pleasure to develop on its own.In Eat,Pray,Love,the best-selling memoir by Elizabeth Gilbert,she concludes that “Americans have an 8 to relax into pure pleasure.Ours is an entertainment-seeking nation,but not 9 a pleasure-seeking one.” Italians, 10 ,have mastered “bel far niente (the joy of doing nothing)”.
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Then there is the 11 from “excellence” to “achievement”.“Excellence” has a hint of virtue.Anyone can achieve,in garbage collection or neurosurgery, but how many can truly be 12
“Achievement”,like “fun”,is outward in nature.It comes in doing specific things.It is more about checking boxes than 13 inner potentials.The achievement culture influences every aspect of life today.From elementary-school testing to the continual pressure to over-schedule as a university student,educational culture emphasizes the accumulation of achievements over intellectual sparkle.Wall Street stumbled(绊跌) in part because so many chased achiever bonuses while neglecting the 14 of excellence in their vocation.An American culture of immediate celebrity teaches young people that fame is a(n) 15 in itself rather than an incidental symptom of excellence in craft.
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1.A.necessary B.difficult
C.possible D.crucial
2.A.impose B.criticize
C.impress D.blame
3.A.literature B.culture
C.history D.population
4.A.peaceful B.uneasy
C.internal D.external
5.A.recognition B.admission
C.identification D.reflection
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6.A.covers B.hides
C.involves D.connects
7.A.persistence B.resistance
C.existence D.insistence
8.A.inaction B.inspiration
C.inability D.instinct
9.A.absolutely B.particularly
C.specifically D.necessarily
10.A.for example B.in fact
C.in the long run D.on the contrary
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11.A.exchange B.transformation
C.transition D.transplantation
12.A.distinguished B.outstanding
C.excellent D.successful
13.A.abandoning B.fulfilling
C.enhancing D.awarding
14.A.core B.purchase
C.nature D.pursuit
15.A.process B.progress
C.consequence D.end
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答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章讲述了美国人对pleasure和fun, excellence和achievement这两组词使用频率的变化,即pleasure和excellence使用频率降低,fun和achievement使用频率增加,指出并分析美国文化所发生的转变。
1.B 根据前一句中的“as complex as a hurricane”可知,知道一个词流行、满足新需求以及拥有新词义的方式是很难的。故选B项。
2.D 根据上文中的“In the history of language,words rise and fall.”可知,词语有兴有落,这是自然的现象,所以不能将一个词的衰退归咎到其他词的兴起上。故选D项。
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3.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:但两组词的命运却暗示了美国文化的转变。根据最后一段中的“American culture”可知,此处是culture的原词复现。故选B项。
4.C 根据后面的“to ‘fun’,so closely affiliated with outward activities”可知,此处pleasure和fun对照,所以空处应和outward对照,表示“内心状态”。故选C项。
5.A 根据空前的“‘achievement’,which comes through hard work”可知,此处指历经苦干和认可才获得的“成就”。故选A项。
6.C 根据上文中的“comes organically”和空后的“artificial inducement”可知,这里指“娱乐”含有人为诱导的因素。故选C项。
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7.D insistence on意为“坚持”,为固定搭配。此处指“美国人在所有场合都坚持行动”。故选D项。
8.C 根据上文中的“rather than trusting pleasure to develop on its own”可知,美国人不相信愉悦会自行生成,所以他们不能放松到纯愉悦的状态。故选C项。
9.D 句意:我们是一个寻求娱乐的国家,但不一定是一个寻求愉悦的国家。absolutely绝对地;particularly特别;specifically具体地;necessarily必然地。not necessarily意为“不一定”,为固定搭配。故选D项。
10.D 根据上一句“Ours is an entertainment-seeking nation,but not a pleasure-seeking one.”和下文中的“have mastered ‘bel far niente (the joy of doing nothing)’”可知,美国人和意大利人的情况是相反的。故选D项。
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11.C 根据上文中的“The transition of American usage from ‘pleasure’ to ‘fun’”可知,上文讲述了pleasure到fun的转变,此处为transition的原词复现,讲述了另一组词的转变。故选C项。
12.C 句意:无论是拾荒者还是神经外科医生,任何人都可以取得成就,但真正卓越者有几人 根据上文中的“from ‘excellence’ to ‘achievement’”和本句中的“achieve”可知,此处是问有多少人能真正做到卓越。故选C项。
13.B 句意:它与其说是发挥内在潜能,不如说是勾选(任务完成与否的)复选框。根据前面的“checking boxes”可知,此处是说发挥内在潜能。fulfil potential意为“发挥潜能”。故选B项。
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14.D 句意:华尔街出现不顺利的部分原因是许多人追求成就者奖金,而忽视了在职业中追求卓越。根据前面的“chased achiever bonuses”可知,此处与之对应,说的是追求卓越。故选D项。
15.D 句意:追逐即时名声的美国文化教给年经人的是:名望本身是追求的终极目标,而非卓越技能的偶然现象。根据后面的“an incidental symptom”可知,这里与之相反,是说不是偶然现象,而是终极目标。故选D项。
