UNIT 7分层跟踪检测(一)TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The Taylors decided that they would (雇用) an architect to do the work.
2.There’s no way to (预测) the future health of the banking industry.
3.Pride will convince you that you (应受) better treatment.
4.We have formed an (协会) to help the disabled.
5.Watch out for sharp bends and (调整) your speed accordingly.
6.We are pleased to (宣布) that all five candidates were successful.
7.His (残疾) prevents him from holding a job.
8.The captain was not (愿意的) to risk taking his ship through the straits in such bad weather.
9.All our projects aim to (促进) the development of poor and remote communities.
10.There are some very (令人印象深刻的) buildings in the town.
Ⅱ.短语填空
get on well with;based on;be determined to;
be unwilling to;get employed;be mistaken in;
supported by;on the other hand;more than;be open to
1.I was so angry that I tell him what I thought of him.
2.For the past three years he has as a body guard by the boss.
3.You must new ideas and suggestions,and have the capability to understand your team members.
4.Although they have nothing in common,they can still each other.
5.Just then a white-haired old woman entered, a girl.
6.It is said that they recycled half of their waste paper last year.
7.You thinking that they will help you.
8.I want to go to the party,but I ought to be studying.
9.The directors respond to the questions.
10.We can’t make a decision hearsay and guesswork.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.吸引孩子们的是那些彩图而不是故事本身。
the colorful pictures rather the story itself that appeal to the children.
2.通常认为,音乐能帮助人们放松。
music can help people relax themselves.
3.毫无疑问,你在这儿一定能度过美好的时光。
you can have a good time here.
4.我们想更好地了解这个国家和人民。
We want to get the country and its people.
5.研究人员在报告中说,许多人都说他们在酒店或家以外的其他地方都很难入睡。
In their report,the researchers said many people report they sleeping at a hotel or other places outside their home.
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
About 10 years ago,I sat in my office,struggling to write an annual progress report for my dean.I enjoy writing scientific papers that engage my creativity and further my research.But report writing doesn’t come with any reward apart from the momentary satisfaction of finishing something.Like other routine paperwork,I find it hard to get through.So that day,I offered myself a reward:When I finished the report,I’d give myself 2 hours to examine slides(玻片) under the microscope—a task I’ve always loved but never had much time for as a faculty member.It’s a strategy I call “just for fun”.
The strategy was born out of challenges I experienced in graduate school.I usually delayed putting together reports for university administrators until threatening letters arrived.I never felt that paperwork was advancing my science,but rather sapping my energy and time for research.One of my committee members recognised and understood my difficulties.Then he told me about his strategy of rewarding himself with a fun project when he completed a task that he didn’t particularly enjoy.He advised me to think about doing something similar.I immediately liked the idea.
Over the course of my career,this strategy helped me complete and move past the parts of my job that I didn’t particularly enjoy.The rewards I gave myself provided a way to relax and reminded me why I love being a scientist.
As for that annual report,I spent an ordinary morning on it but got it done.Then I hurried over to the microscope,eager to inspect a series of slides that my collaborators(合作者) had sent a couple weeks earlier.To others,it may have looked like work.But to me,it was just for fun.
1.Why does the author dislike report writing
A.He receives too little from it.
B.It is extremely easy to finish.
C.It needs too much creativity.
D.He doesn’t major in writing.
2.What does the underlined word “sapping” in paragraph 2 probably refer to
A.Acquiring. B.Consuming.
C.Lacking. D.Providing.
3.How did the author get his strategy
A.Through the inspiration of his report writing.
B.Through the reward of his collaborators.
C.Through instructions of university administrators.
D.Through a committee member’s suggestion.
4.What can we learn from the author’s experience
A.Choose a career you really like.
B.Seek fun when doing science research.
C.Motivate yourself to finish boring tasks.
D.Reward yourself with a new strategy.
B
Lifesaving Heart Operation
When Tal Golesworthy was told he needed a lifesaving heart operation in 1993,he said no.Golesworthy has Marfan syndrome (马凡氏综合征).
Back in 1993,when he was living in the west of England,his doctor told him that the aorta(主动脉) in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidably burst unless he underwent a major operation.
“They talked through the options,” says Golesworthy,“but I was not interested.The operation really didn’t look attractive.” What he particularly didn’t like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation,something that would prevent blood clots (血栓) but presented its own risks:“I was riding motorbikes then,and skiing,so my whole lifestyle would have been affected.” By 2000,however,his condition had worsened.Realizing something had to be done,Golesworthy put his years of experience as a research and development engineer to good use.He decided he would fix himself.“Learning new stuff and developing new ideas,that were my job,” Golesworthy says.
The aorta,he thought,needed support on the outside.And wrapping something around the outside of the aorta would require a special operation.So Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours in an MRI scanner and used 3D printing to create a physical exact copy of the part of his heart.“Luckily,I’d done a lot of work with technical materials,” he says.
Strong determination coupled with an original yet practical solution won him the support of two leading surgeons and helped him raise the money to develop his idea.In May 2004,at the age of 47,he became the guinea pig for his own invention.The operation was a success.
5.Why did Tal Golesworthy refuse the operation at first
A.A better solution was on the way.
B.He was afraid of his life being affected.
C.The risk of the operation tended to cause death.
D.He would like to be operated on in his own way.
6.What helped Golesworthy to fix himself
A.His creative spirit.
B.Regular exercise.
C.Doctors’ suggestions.
D.His similar experience.
7.What do the underlined words “the guinea pig” in the last paragraph refer to
A.The lovely pet.
B.The important assistant.
C.The experimental subject.
D.The person to raise money.
8.Which words can best describe Tal Golesworthy
A.Creative and kind.
B.Strong and imaginative.
C.Devoted and generous.
D.Determined and brave.
C
It is no accident that many films and shows open with a crazy,action-packed scene that drives viewers to ask:“What’s going on here,who are these people and what do they want ” These scenes are designed to keep us watching.
A scientist who explores the climate history by analyzing stalagmites(石笋) held a lecture.At the beginning of her talk,she showed a photo of herself crawling through a cave to collect samples.The audience immediately perked up.Starting with that image,we couldn’t wait to ask why this scientist was crawling around in a dangerous cave,which might have attracted the audience more strongly from the beginning.
However,this particular storytelling technique is perhaps the most appropriate in presentations;research papers typically demand more straightforward reporting of results in the form of a clear abstract.When scientists describe their research to the audience outside their professional field,they often avoid discussing personal trials and sufferings.Instead,they focus only on positive,published results.No one wants to look like a failure,even if such experiences can be vastly valuable.But hiding the hardships might cut out some of your best story material.The research process lends itself perfectly to this narrative concept(叙事概念);it can be described as a winding road of plot twists that reshapes the lives of scientists and our understanding of the world.Invite others to join you for the ups and downs of your research.Instead of just presenting your findings,describe how you reacted to those discoveries.What was the most exciting How did you get wrong As Emma Coats,a former Pixar storyboard artist,noted in a list of storytelling principles she posted on the Internet:“You admire a character for trying more than for their successes.”
Try to apply screenwriting strategies to your presentation.After all,as the character Tyrion Lannister states in the television series Game of Thrones,“There’s nothing in the world more powerful than a good story.”
9.What is the common feature of a film and a lecture mentioned in the first two paragraphs
A.They start with a story.
B.They both focus on technical details.
C.They reflect the same background.
D.They both arouse the curiosity of the audience.
10.Which can best replace the underlined words “perked up” in paragraph 2
A.Became active.
B.Got shocked.
C.Became embarrassed.
D.Got lost.
11.How do the researchers typically present their findings
A.By using a storytelling technique.
B.By outlining the results in brief.
C.By describing their report in detail.
D.By focusing only on valuable experiences.
12.What is this text mainly about
A.The power of a good story.
B.The advice on research papers.
C.The techniques to attract the audience.
D.The storytelling technique in presentations.
Ⅴ.七选五
If you are thinking about asking for a raise in salary,there are several things to keep in mind.First,consider whether you deserve a higher salary. 1 Sit down and make a list of your job accomplishments.Be as specific as possible.For example,think about important projects you have worked on,things you have done to improve the organization of work in your department,or how your efforts have brought more money to the company.Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job. 2
Bear in mind that salary levels are based not only on performance but also on the market for your particular skills.Before you ask for a raise,you need to do some research.You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience. 3 Your initial(最初的) request should actually be slightly higher than the amount you want in order to leave some room for negotiation.Then,if you have to go lower than this amount,you still end up with something close to what you want.
4 If you have recently been given new responsibilities,it makes sense to ask for a higher level of compensation(补偿).On the other hand,if the company is going through financial difficulties,a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response.It would be better to wait until the company is in a better financial position.
Finally,never give personal reasons for wanting a higher salary.Your need to pay your child’s college tuition or buy a bigger house is of no concern to your boss. 5 That is where you need to keep the conversation.
A.Everyone is eager for a raise in salary.
B.Skills play a key role in your salary level.
C.An important point is the timing of your request.
D.Then you will be better prepared when you meet with your boss.
E.Your salary level should be based on professional considerations alone.
F.You probably do,but you should be able to explain exactly why to your boss.
G.This will help you determine what would be a reasonable amount of money to ask for.
Ⅵ.语法填空
Although we learn many things each day,we don’t always learn something 1. we feel will affect our behavior for the rest of our lives.This is a major difference between a life lesson 2. everything else we learn.
For example,if things don’t happen as they should,we would make different choices in the future 3. (get) the outcome we wanted.This can serve as a life lesson so that when 4. (face) with similar circumstances,we can 5. (conscious) change our behavior.
Life lessons can help us understand ourselves better.Since the lesson 6. (learn) through the consequences of our actions or reactions,in this way,we can gain insight (了解) into how we think,act and react in certain situations.Perhaps one of the biggest lessons we can learn 7. (be) that while we can’t control everything,we can control our responses to things.
An example of a life lesson in the area of career could be the lesson that making 8. modest living at something we are 9. (interest) in is better than working at an unpleasant or a dull job for more money.
Some of us usually learn a major life lesson when a loved one dies.This lesson can result in us 10. (spend) more time with our remaining loved ones.
Ⅶ.应用文写作
假定你是大学生李华,你的英国朋友Peter写信询问你大学毕业后将选择什么职业,请你给他写一封回信,要点主要包括以下几点:
1.你的职业选择;
2.给出你的理由;
3.期待回信。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
分层跟踪检测(一)TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
Ⅰ.1.employ/hire 2.predict 3.deserve 4.association 5.adjust 6.announce 7.disability 8.willing 9.promote 10.impressive
Ⅱ.1.was determined to 2.got/gotten employed 3.be open to 4.get on well with 5.supported by 6.more than 7.are mistaken in 8.on the other hand 9.were unwilling to 10.based on
Ⅲ.1.It is;than 2.It is usually/generally believed that
3.There is no doubt that 4.a better understanding of 5.have a hard/harder time
Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者是一名科学家,但是一年一度的进展报告写作让作者觉得毫无意义,从中得不到多少的回报。在一位委员会成员朋友的启发下作者学会了在做这样的任务时给自己一个奖赏,就是完成任务后可以做自己喜欢的事情来放松一下。因而作者数十年来也一直享受自己的职业。
1.A 细节理解题。根据文章首段中的“But report writing doesn’t come with any reward apart from the momentary satisfaction of finishing something.”可知,报告写作除了给作者带来该任务完成的片刻满足外没有任何回报。因此,作者不喜欢这种报告写作。
2.B 词义猜测题。本句意思为“我从未感觉到写报告这种文书工作会促进我的科研,而是在消耗我做研究的时间和精力”。这和作者在首段中表达不喜欢这种工作意思一致。故此处sapping意为“消耗”。
3.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“He advised me to think about doing something similar.”及上下句可知,是作者的一位委员会成员看到作者这种情况建议作者在完成这种任务时给自己一个奖赏。故选D项。
4.C 推理判断题。全文作者通过自己的经历告诉“我”们,在遇到没有多大意义且无趣的工作任务时,“我”们可以通过给自己一点奖赏来激励自己完成该任务。作者从中受益匪浅。故选C项。
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。工程师Tal Golesworthy患有马凡氏综合征,需要进行心脏手术。他有效地利用自己多年的研发工程师经验,用3D打印机打印出了他部分心脏的真实复制品,对症制造了主动脉外部支撑,并得到了医生的支持。最终手术取得了成功。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容可知,手术后必须使用血液稀释剂以防止血凝块,但这种药物存在着风险,他担心会影响他的整个生活方式,所以起初他拒绝了手术。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第三段尾句可知,他认为,学习新东西和开发新想法就是他的工作。根据第四段第一、二句可知,他认为,主动脉需要外部支撑,在主动脉外面裹上东西需要特殊手术。又结合下文中的“original”和“his own invention”以及介绍的手术的成功可以判断,是他的创新精神治好了他。
7.C 词义猜测题。根据画线部分上句可知,他坚定的决心加上新颖而实用的解决方案为他赢得了两位一流的外科医生的支持,并帮助他筹集了资金来实现他的想法。根据本文尾句可知,手术很成功。结合该句中的“for his own invention”可以判断,他自己成了此项发明的实验对象。故画线词意为“实验对象”。
8.D 推理判断题。根据尾段第一句可知,他坚定的决心和新颖而实用的解决方案为他赢得了两位一流的外科医生的支持,故他是一位有决心的人。根据第三段倒数第二句“He decided he would fix himself.”可知,他决定自己想办法治疗心脏,据此可以判断,他是一个勇敢的人。
【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章主要论述了讲故事的技巧在演讲中的重要性,建议在演讲中正确运用故事。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“It is no accident that many films and shows open with a crazy,action-packed scene that drives viewers to ask...These scenes are designed to keep us watching.”和第二段中的“At the beginning of her talk,she showed a photo of herself crawling through a cave to collect samples.The audience immediately perked up...which might have attracted the audience more strongly from the beginning.”可知,它们都能激起观众的好奇心。故选D项。
10.A 词义猜测题。画线词下文“Starting with that image,we couldn’t wait to ask why this scientist was crawling around in a dangerous cave,which might have attracted the audience more strongly from the beginning.”说明,这张照片一开始就吸引观众,让观众积极思考,从而推知画线部分应为“被吸引,感兴趣,积极”等意思,A项“变得积极起来”与之意义最为接近。故选A项。
11.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When scientists describe their research to the audience outside their professional field,they often avoid discussing personal trials and sufferings.Instead,they focus only on positive,published results.”可知,研究人员通常只是通过简要地概述结果来展示他们的发现。故选B项。
12.D 主旨大意题。通读全文,根据最后一段中“Try to apply screenwriting strategies to your presentation.(试着在你的演讲中运用剧本写作策略。)”以及“There’s nothing in the world more powerful than a good story.(世界上没有什么比一个好的故事更强大的了。)”可知,本文主要论述了演讲中讲故事的技巧。故选D项。
Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了员工向雇主提出增加薪金前应考虑的事情。
1.F 根据前文“First,consider whether you deserve a higher salary.”可知,选项应承接上文,说明这么做要向老板解释原因。F项“You probably do,but you should be able to explain exactly why to your boss.(你可能值得,但你应该能够向你的老板解释清楚原因。)”符合语境。故选F项。
2.D 根据前文“Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job.”可知,设空处应说明做到前述几项,就会有本句所说情况的出现。D项“Then you will be better prepared when you meet with your boss.(这样,当你和老板见面时,你就会有更好的准备。)”切题。 故选D项。
3.G 根据前文“You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience.”可知,设空处起承接上文的作用,说明这么做的作用是什么。故选G项“This will help you determine what would be a reasonable amount of money to ask for.(这将帮助你确定多少钱是合理的要求。)”。
4.C 根据后文的“if the company is going through financial difficulties,a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response” 可知,如果公司正经历财政困难,要求更多的钱可能不会得到一个有利的回应。本段后半部分内容从正反两方面,说明提出要求增加薪金时,要选择恰当的时机。C项“An important point is the timing of your request.(关键的一点是你提出要求的时机。)”总结本段内容,点出“时机”是要求加薪的关键点之一。故选C项。
5.E 根据上文“Your need to pay your child’s college tuition or buy a bigger house is of no concern to your boss.”可知,不要给出要求加薪的个人原因,而要基于职业方面的考虑。E项“Your salary level should be based on professional considerations alone.(你的工资水平应该仅仅基于你的专业考虑。)”切题。故选E项。
Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了什么是生活经验,以及生活经验对人们的积极影响。
1.that 考查关系词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰something,且在从句中作主语,故填that。
2.and 考查固定搭配。between...and...是固定搭配,意为“……和……之间”。
3.to get 考查动词不定式作状语。设空处作状语表目的,故填to get。
4.faced 考查过去分词作状语。be faced with sth是固定搭配,意为“面对某事”,此处省略了we are,故填faced。
5.consciously 考查副词。设空处作状语修饰谓语动词,意为“有意识地”,故填consciously。
6.is learned/learnt 考查动词的时态和语态。lesson与learn之间是被动关系,且此处表示一般情况,故填is learned/learnt。
7.is 考查主谓一致。设空处所在句的主语是“one of the biggest lessons”,且此处表示一般情况,故填is。
8.a 考查冠词。make a(n)...living是固定搭配,意为“过……样的生活”,且modest是以辅音音素开头,故填a。
9.interested 考查形容词作表语。be interested in...是固定搭配,意为“对……感兴趣”,故填interested。
10.spending 考查非谓语动词。result in sb doing sth是固定搭配,意为“导致某人做某事”。
Ⅶ.
Dear Peter,
You wrote to ask me about my occupation option after graduation.I’m willing to be a brilliant physician.
Fascinated by the impressive Doctor Zhong Nanshan,I determined to follow his footsteps.During my bachelor’s degree study,I adjusted myself to the profession and participated in multiple relevant professional associations with motivation.To guarantee to be qualified for this job in the future,I applied to retrain myself during my part-time jobs.As an innovator,I delivered several decent articles in the essential column of my department.
What’s your option in the future,lawyer,architect,or chemist Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua UNIT 7分层跟踪检测(二)LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.We must make the most efficient use of the available (finance) resources.
2.To write a good essay you must first organise your idea (logical).
3.The course also features creative writing exercises and listening (comprehensive).
4.That kind of behavior is (guarantee) to make him angry.
5.I am mostly working with highly (motivate) people.
6.These (trend) only got worse as we moved into the nineties.
7.These cultural relics demonstrate the great (intelligent) of the laboring people of the ancient China.
8.I became a radio (operate) at the age of eleven.
9.Scholarships are given (sole) on the basis of grades.
10.Both of them,I may say,are thoroughly (rely) men.
11.We all wish you a long and happy (retire).
12.The young technical (innovate) didn’t lose heart despite several failures.
13.Please state your present (occupy) and salary on your application.
14.We waited three months before going back to see the (special).
15.Not everyone can be (retrain) to undertake high-technology jobs.
16.I wasn’t (qualify) to apply for the job really but I got it anyhow.
17.The (likely) is that unemployment figures will continue to fall.
18.Her (employ) was in conference with two lawyers and did not want to be interrupted.
19.There are three (essential) different ways of dealing with the problem.
20.The group was considered to be a risk to national (secure).
Ⅱ.短语填空
such as;focus on;keep up with;deal with;according to;related to
1.It is difficult to the rapid pace of change.
2.She can speak six languages, Chinese,English,etc.
3. his uncle,Roy has a great gift for music.
4.The army are now in the border area, the situation.
5.The heart attack could be his car crash last year.
6.The work should helping parents to let go of their children.
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2023·全国乙卷)
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania(c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced.Born to a Jewish family in Florence,she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully.In spite of the court hearing testimonials(证明)of her ability as a doctor,she was banned from medicine.
Tan Yunxian(1461-1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents.Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships(学徒期) with doctors.However,Tan passed the official exam.Tan treated women from all walks of life.In 1511,Tan wrote a book,Sayings of a Female Doctor,describing her life as a physician.
James Barry(c.1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but,dressed as a man,she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine.She qualified as a surgeon in 1813,and then joined the British Army,serving overseas.Barry retired in 1859,having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler(1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860.Four years later,she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.She moved to Virginia in 1865,where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
1.What did Jacqueline and James have in common
A.Doing teaching jobs.
B.Being hired as physicians.
C.Performing surgery.
D.Being banned from medicine.
2.How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners
A.She wrote a book.
B.She went through trials.
C.She worked as a dentist.
D.She had formal education.
3.Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A.Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B.Tan Yunxian.
C.James Barry.
D.Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
B
Some decades ago,when kids turned 16,they couldn’t wait to get their drivers’ licenses.It represented freedom,independence and the first big step into adulthood.It was thought that kids who didn’t have a license at 16 either were really bad drivers or really uncool.
Today,conversely,many teenagers are deciding to wait to get their drivers’ licenses,according to several recent studies.One this year by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that the percentage of high school seniors who had a driver’s license fell from 85% in 1996 to 73% in 2010.
Some experts,like Michael Sivak,director of Sustainable Worldwide Transportation at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute,argue that at least part of the drop is permanent and that it’s part of a global decline in driving among young people.He says that the change is rooted in the growth of access to the Internet.Modern teens can connect with each other through social media,so there’s less of a need to get together by driving to some places.“I believe that a large part of the drop is permanent,” says Sivak.“It’s not just teens.It’s people in their 20s and 30s,as well.”
Other researchers,including Robert Foss,director of the Center for the Study of Young Drivers at the University of North Carolina,believe that the recent recession(经济衰退) simply had a greater influence on young drivers than others.They had less money to purchase a car,less money to buy gas,or they couldn’t find jobs to buy either,he says.The economy was a major cause for the decision to wait.The most common reasons for waiting were not having a car,being able to get around without driving,gas being expensive and driving being expensive as well.
The family income also played a key role.Among young adults in households with an annual income of at least $60,000,60% got a license within one year of their state’s minimum age for doing so and 72% were licensed before the age of 18.In households with an annual income of less than $20,000,only 16% got a license within one year of becoming eligible,and 25% got licenses before turning 18.
4.What does the underlined word “conversely” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.After all.
B.Above all.
C.In no way.
D.On the contrary.
5.According to Sivak,what leads to the decline in teen driving
A.Teens communicating more through the Internet.
B.Public transportation being more convenient.
C.The increase in traffic accidents.
D.The global economic recession.
6.How does the author develop the last paragraph
A.By describing cool behavior.
B.By introducing some experts.
C.By providing some data.
D.By telling a story.
7.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To show the importance of safe driving.
B.To encourage teenagers to enjoy driving.
C.To talk about how to get a driver’s license.
D.To explain why teen drivers have decreased.
C
Humans are emotional beings,showing feelings in our behavior and facial expressions.But whether these mean the same thing in different cultures has been hotly debated.Now a new study has found that in different social contexts,such as weddings,funerals and sports,people indeed show universal facial expressions.
For the new study,Alan Cowen’s team used a machine learning model,Deep Neural Network (DNN),to systematically analyze facial expressions in thousands of different contexts.These contexts come from more than six million videos uploaded to YouTube between July 2009 and May 2018 by people in 144 countries.
Facial expressions were rated by English speakers in India by selecting applicable emotions from a list of 31 labels,resulting in a total of 16 distinct facial expressions.Meanwhile,contexts were classified in a separate experiment.The results showed that people from different cultures share about 70% of the facial expressions used in response to different social and emotional situations.
“This supports Darwin’s theory that expressing emotions in our faces is universal among humans,” the study co-lead author Dacher Keltner said.“The physical display of our emotions may define who we are as a species,enhancing our communication and cooperation skills and ensuring our survival.”
However,Lisa Barrett,from the Northeastern University College of Science notes that the English speakers in India were given the emotional word ratings rather than labeling the expressions themselves.They used emotion labels such as “anger”,“fear” and “sadness” instead of descriptive terms,thereby inferring the emotions behind the expressions.
She further comments that the raters (评定者) saw the faces in contexts which can’t necessarily be separated from the emotions themselves,and that the key point is that the raters are from just one country.“The ultimate value of Cowen and his colleagues’ study might lie not in the answers it provides,” she concludes,“but in the opportunity for further discovery that it opens up.”
8.What can we learn from the text
A.The study is opposite to Darwin’s theory.
B.People in different cultures show similar facial expressions.
C.The team conducted the study by downloading facial expressions.
D.Facial expressions and contexts were classified in the same experiment.
9.How did Alan Cowen’s team conduct the study
A.By using a learning machine.
B.By uploading videos to YouTube.
C.By analyzing facial expressions.
D.By using emotion labels.
10.What can we infer from Dacher Keltner’s words
A.Social success is dependent on facial expressions.
B.Facial expressions have constantly changed over time.
C.Social skills reflect the ability of one’s expression management.
D.Facial expressions play a vital role in humans’ development.
11.What is Lisa Barrett’s attitude towards the study
A.Objective. B.Ambiguous.
C.Critical. D.Contradictory.
Ⅳ.七选五
Should Exams Be Abolished or Not
“Exam” is a word that most students are fearful of.It is a big part of school life that all students have to go through. 1 However,there are people who think that exams have more disadvantages for students and should be abolished.
2 They say that exams are the only way for teachers to see the students’ level;they build a high sense of responsibility,and they give them pressure that will be useful for them later in their life.Another reason is when the students know that their hard work has paid off,they will feel a sense of satisfaction inside and they will be so proud of themselves. 3
Others think that exams should be abolished.Because exams are stressful and they do not show real results of the students’ hard work. 4 It is unfair to them.
There are always going to be people who are with or against taking exams.It is a controversial issue in all countries. 5 I suggest doing projects during the year,giving grades for participation after every lesson,and having weekly assessment are the best solutions to this debate.
A.There are advantages of exams.
B.There are people who hate exams.
C.Some people say that exams should not be abolished.
D.However,I believe in regular testing throughout the year.
E.I think schools shouldn’t let students take so many exams.
F.So,they think of exams as a self test to see where students are and how well they do.
G.Another reason is that the students should not be judged on their performance on one day.
Ⅴ.完形填空
It was a sweltering(闷热的) day in late summer.I was working in a local lumber mill(锯木厂).It was a dangerous and 1 work that paid very little.
One day the worn fans weren’t working and all of us were 2 in sweat and sawdust.When I looked around,every face I saw looked tired and frustrated. 3 ,a voice called out:“Hey!There’s a deer in here.” A 4 little deer had wandered through an open door.All of us stopped 5 and went looking for her as she ran about 6 looking for a way out.
Now most people 7 deer for meat in the fall but also treat them with great 8 the rest of the year.It was 9 then that all of us were quickly working together to free this little deer.By 10 all the other routes we were able to guide her to search back to the open door.We watched as she bounded out of the 11 and went back into the woods.Then we walked back in to work.I 12 something,though.On every face there was a joyful 13 .It was as if this one single 14 of kindness had energized us again and 15 us of what life is all about.
1.A.secret B.precious
C.urgent D.tiring
2.A.fixed B.covered
C.hidden D.pushed
3.A.Fortunately B.Eventually
C.Obviously D.Suddenly
4.A.lost B.greedy
C.drunk D.terrified
5.A.shouting B.laughing
C.working D.chatting
6.A.unwillingly B.madly
C.regularly D.frequently
7.A.ask B.drive
C.hunt D.pray
8.A.price B.kindness
C.demand D.affection
9.A.a deal B.a pity
C.no use D.no wonder
10.A.blocking off B.opening up
C.thinking out D.staring at
11.A.disaster B.building
C.stage D.address
12.A.explained B.repeated
C.noticed D.questioned
13.A.smile B.clue
C.conclusion D.shape
14.A.intention B.expectation
C.reason D.act
15.A.required B.cured
C.suspected D.reminded
Ⅵ.语法填空
Belgian chocolate,Belgian waffles—the small country between Germany and France is famous 1. its mouthwatering sweet treats.But Belgium has more than just desserts to offer 2. (visitor).So let’s take a walk through the streets of its capital,Brussels.
3. (be) a great place to visit in August,the 4. (impress) Royal Palace of Brussels is only open to the public for tours from July 22 until 5. beginning of September.If you want to learn about the history of Belgium,try the BELvue Museum 6. (locate) next to the palace.And when you’re ready for a break from the August heat,go to Océade,the capital’s water park,7. is open all year round and features (以……为特色) water slides and wave pools.
Can you imagine a floor blanketed in flowers The people of Brussels can.Every other summer,more than 100 volunteers work together 8. (create) an eye-catching carpet in the Grand-Place market square.The flower carpet 9. (general) takes months to complete.First the architects meet to plan the carpet’s design.The theme differs every time and often honors an event.After the design is chosen,the flowers must 10. (reserve) to make sure there are enough flowers to produce the pattern.Finally,the gardeners come together and make the flower carpet.
Brussels is beautiful all year round,but August is the month to see it at its colorful best!
Ⅶ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It should have been a perfect summer.My father bought me a new bicycle though I couldn’t ride very well.He set a basketball hoop for me in the backyard,and best of all built a tree house beside it.But it wasn’t,because Jeremy Ross moved into the neighborhood.
He laughed at me when he struck me out of the baseball game,and he had a party on his trampoline(蹦蹦床) while I wasn’t invited.Jeremy Ross became my enemy.I didn’t like him at all.Dad understood stuff like enemies.He told me he had enemies too when he was my age and that he knew a good way to get rid of them.“I’ll show you,” he said.
He began to make the Enemy Pie in the kitchen which he said was the fastest known way to get rid of enemies.Excitedly,I got my mind working:Dad might put disgusting things like weeds,earthworms and rocks from the backyard into the pie,but none of those.Instead,I smelled something really,really good from our kitchen.Confused,I went to ask my dad.“If the pie smelled bad,your enemy would never eat it,” he said.I was catching on.
Still,I wasn’t quite sure how this Enemy Pie worked.What exactly did it do to enemies Maybe it made their hair fall out,or made their breath smelly
“Everything is ready except that there’s one part left for the Enemy Pie to work.You need to invite your enemy over.Even worse,you have to be nice and make friends with him.I know it’s not easy,but that’s the only way the Enemy Pie can work,” Dad told me.
It sounded horrible,but it was worth a try.All I had to do was spend time with Jeremy Ross and then he’d not trouble me for the rest of my life.
I knocked on Jeremy’s door.Jeremy seemed surprised when he opened the door,waiting for me to say something.“Um,can you come to my house and play with me ” I asked nervously.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Jeremy nodded and came playing with me in my backyard.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later that day Dad got us to have the pie in the kitchen.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
分层跟踪检测(二)LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
Ⅰ.1.financial 2.logically 3.comprehension 4.guaranteed
5.motivated 6.trends 7.intelligence 8.operator 9.solely 10.reliable 11.retirement 12.innovator 13.occupation
14.specialist 15.retrained 16.qualified 17.likelihood
18.employer 19.essentially 20.security
Ⅱ.1.keep up with 2.such as 3.According to 4.dealing with 5.related to 6.focus on
Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了四位医学界从业人员的基本情况。
1.C 细节理解题。根据Jacqueline介绍中的“where she worked as a physician and performed surgery”以及James介绍中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813”可知,她们两人的共同之处是都可以做外科手术。
2.A 细节理解题。根据Tan Yunxian介绍中的最后一句“In 1511,Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.”可知,她写了一本书。其余三人的介绍中都没有提到写过书。
3.D 细节理解题。根据Rebecca Lee Crumpler介绍中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.”可知,她是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性。
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了造成当前青少年获取驾驶证比例下降的种种原因。
4.D 词义猜测题。根据前两段内容可知:几十年前,年满16周岁的孩子迫不及待地想拿到驾驶证;而现在,许多青少年却一拖再拖。由此可见,画线单词应该是“相反,反而”之意,在此表示转折关系。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He says that the change is rooted in the growth of access to the Internet.Modern teens can connect with each other through social media,so there’s less of a need to get together by driving to some places.”可知,在Sivak看来,青少年如今更多地借助网络进行互联,驾车出行的比例下降。
6.C 写作手法题。根据最后一段中的$60,000,60%和72%以及$20,000,only 16%和25% 这些数据可知,作者在本段主要通过提供数据的方式对青少年获取驾驶证比例下降这一现象进行了说明。
7.D 写作意图题。总览全文可知,作者主要分析了当前青少年获取驾驶证比例下降的一些主要原因,比如互联网的发展和经济的衰退等。
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。Alan Cowen的团队进行的一项新的研究发现,在不同的文化背景和社会环境中,人们会表现出普遍的面部表情。
8.B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句“Now a new study has found that in different social contexts,such as weddings,funerals and sports,people indeed show universal facial expressions.(现在一项新的研究发现,在不同的社会环境中,比如婚礼、葬礼和体育活动,人们确实会表现出普遍的面部表情。)”可知,不同文化背景的人会有相似的面部表情。故选B项。
9.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“For the new study,Alan Cowen’s team used a machine learning model,Deep Neural Network (DNN),to systematically analyze facial expressions in thousands of different contexts.(在这项新研究中,艾伦·考恩的团队使用了一种机器学习模型——深度神经网络,系统地分析了数千种不同环境下的面部表情。)”可知,Alan Cowen团队通过分析面部表情进行这项研究。故选C项。
10.D 推理判断题。根据文章第四段关键句“The physical display of our emotions may define who we are as a species,enhancing our communication and cooperation skills and ensuring our survival.(我们情感的身体表现可能会定义我们作为一个物种的身份,增强我们的沟通和合作技能,并确保我们的生存。)”可知,面部表情在人类的成长过程中起着至关重要的作用。故选D项。
11.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“She further comments that the raters saw the faces in contexts which can’t necessarily be separated from the emotions themselves...she concludes,‘but in the opportunity for further discovery that it opens up.’”可知,根据Lisa Barrett的观点可知,她客观评价这项研究的意义,对于这项研究持客观态度。故选A项。
Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章就考试的利弊展开讨论。
1.A A项“There are advantages to exams.”与该空后一句“However,there are people who think that exams have more disadvantages for students and should be abolished.”为转折关系,分别提出了关于考试利弊的两种不同观点,A项符合此处语境。
2.C 根据该空后的“They say that exams are the only way for teachers to see the students’ level;they build a high sense of responsibility,and they give them pressure that will be useful for them later in their life.”可知,这一段讲述了支持考试的人的观点,即考试不应该被废除,故C项符合此处语境。
3.F 该空为这一段的总结句,F项中的so有总结之意,且F项指出他们把考试看成自我检测,故F项符合此处语境。
4.G G项与该空前一句为并列关系,与该空后一句“It is unfair to them.”相互呼应,指出了不应该用一天的表现来判定学生的好坏,这对他们不公平。
5.D 根据该空后的“I suggest doing projects during the year,giving grades for participation after every lesson,and having weekly assessment are the best solutions to this debate.”可知,作者建议学校全年做课题,记录学生平时的表现并给予每周的评价,即全年定期进行测评,故D项符合此处语境。
Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者在当地的一家锯木厂上班,这份工作既累人还有点危险。但为了养家糊口,有些像作者一样的人还是不得不在这里上班。一个普通的工作日,厂房里突然进来一头迷路的小鹿,在工人们的帮助下小鹿得以回归丛林。这简单的善举给这些麻木沮丧的工人带来了活力和开心。
1.D 根据第二段中的“When I looked around,every face I saw looked tired and frustrated.”可知,这份工作还是累人的(tiring)。
2.B 由于电扇坏了,工人们的身上覆盖(covered)了锯木屑和汗水。
3.D 突然(Suddenly),一个声音大喊出来。形容正在工作的人们被突然的声音打断了。
4.A 根据下文叙述和本句中的“wandered through”可知,这头小鹿是迷路(lost)了才错进了锯木厂。
5.C 工人们都停下手头的工作(working),去寻找那头小鹿。
6.B 那头小鹿为了寻找出口而疯狂地(madly)四处乱跑。
7.C 大多数人在秋季会捕猎(hunt)一些鹿,但其他季节还是非常善待它们的。
8.B 根据转折关系和下文叙述工人们帮助小鹿的行为可知,人们是友好(kindness)地对待鹿。
9.D 因为上文的解释,所以工人们都迅速行动一起合作帮助小鹿获得自由也就不足为奇了。特殊句型“It is no wonder that...”表示“难怪……”。
10.A 通过封锁住(blocking off)其他路线,工人们就可以指导小鹿找到进来的门。
11.B 工人们看到小鹿跳跃着跑出建筑物(building)进入了树林。
12.C 工人们返回继续工作的时候,作者注意(noticed)到了不一样的情况。
13.A 每个人脸上都有了笑容(smile),这和之前工作时的表情完全不一样。
14.D 好像这一简单的善举给工人们带来了无限能量。名词短语act of kindness表示“善举”。
15.D 这一善举也使工人们想到(reminded)了生活的真正意义所在。
Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美丽的布鲁塞尔。
1.for 考查介词。be famous for...意为“以……而闻名”。
2.visitors 考查名词复数。visitor是可数名词且在此表泛指,又因为其前无冠词,故填名词复数形式visitors。
3.Being 考查动词-ing形式作状语。设空处作状语,又因为“Royal Palace of Brussels”与be之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填Being。
4.impressive 考查形容词作定语。设空处作定语修饰“Royal Palace of Brussels”,表示“给人深刻印象的”,故填impressive。
5.the 考查定冠词。the beginning of...意为“……之初”。
6.located 考查动词-ed形式作定语。设空处作后置定语修饰“BELvue Museum”,故填located。
7.which 考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明Océade,且在从句中作主语,故填which。
8.to create 考查动词不定式作目的状语。100多名志愿者一起工作是为了做出一幅迷人的花毯,故填to create。
9.generally 考查副词。设空处作状语修饰动词“takes”,表示“通常”,故填generally。
10.be reserved 考查被动语态。“flowers”与reserve之间是被动关系,又由前面的“must”可知,应填be reserved。
Ⅶ.Jeremy nodded and came playing with me in my backyard.To my surprise,he was nice.He even taught me the trick of riding the bicycle.Then we shot basketballs happily.He was good at it.It was strange that I should be kind of having fun with my enemy!I let him play games in my tree house which I didn’t even allow my sister in.We had a good laugh and enjoyed each other’s company.“He wasn’t a very good enemy,” I thought to myself.
Later that day Dad got us to have the pie in the kitchen.I whispered to him Jeremy was no longer my enemy,but he ignored my message.He cut the pie into three pieces,passing one to me and one to Jeremy.I panicked.“Don’t eat it!It’s bad pie!” I shouted.Dad smiled at me and took a bite of the Enemy Pie.I watched them eating,neither of them losing hair!Cautiously,I took a tiny taste:Yummy!That summer was a perfect summer!UNIT 7分层跟踪检测(三)WRITING WORKSHOP & VIEWING WORKSHOP & READING CLUB & ASSESSMENT
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I actually interviewed a very promising (申请人) just today.
2.The competition is open to both amateur and professional (摄影者).
3.The new type of (望远镜) is intended for the study of the planets in outer space.
4.She made the switch from full-time to (兼职的) work when her first child was born.
5.I often read his (专栏) in the local paper.
6.An (年老的) person may nap during the day and then sleep only five hours a night.
7.As a (记者),she has always had a nose for a good story.
8.Jane blocked Cross’s (视线) and he could see nothing.
9.The (地区) is under consideration for designation as a conservation area.
10.Students rose (恭敬地) when the headmaster entered the room.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.我父亲是个工程师,我计划仿效他在大学学习工程专业。
My father was an engineer,and I plan to and study engineering in college.
2.这次考试我没有做好准备,恐怕不能过关。
I’m not well the exam.I’m afraid I won’t pass.
3.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。
Teachers will never computers in the classroom.
4.一直以来这就是我的风格。我没有想要改变它。
This has always been my style.I changing it.
5.要是那几个月一直下雨又上冻怎么办
it rained and then froze all through those months
6.——咱们是到外面吃饭,还是待在家里
——你决定吧!
—Shall we eat out or stay in
— .
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Ali knocks on my front door every few weeks to offer my family food.He’s from Iran and knows how much I love Persian cooking.As a self-made taxi driver,he shares more than food.
I wonder if he hears my screams through the walls.I have sensory processing challenges,and my brain gets overloaded every couple of months.When this happens,I have a severe headache.
I arrived in my new neighborhood near Novato after trial and error.After two years on the East Coast for graduate school and then six years spent working abroad,I had always felt like an outsider.I decided to return to my hometown of San Francisco since I had held on to the idea of the city’s diversity all those years.But after a short time in Berkeley,a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay,my sensory sensitivities became unbearable.I had to run even farther from the city to the suburbs (郊区).
The suburbs felt so much more like the San Francisco of my youth.Having grown up between the Haight,the Fillmore,and the Sunset,and being a product of San Francisco public schools—living among the cultural diversity—I’ve always felt that immersion (沉浸) in difference is my norm (准则).
In her book Radical Suburbs,Amanda Kolson Hurley writes in America,the fixed idea of “white suburbs” is changing.My neighbors are Guatemalan,Iranian,and African American.My husband is South Asian;our daughter is mixed.“Diverse suburbs are growing faster than white suburbs,” Hurley writes.
Back to Ali.His wife,Janet,is a nurse from Sacramento who grew up on a farm.Her father helped build Bay Area bridges.And her sister visits regularly.On the other side of my short fence (围栏) is Valeria,a middle-aged homemaker from Guatemala and she has two grown sons.Once a month her nieces and nephews visit their house.We can all hear them singing beautiful songs.
My neighbors make me feel at home.
1.Why did the author decide to go back to San Francisco
A.She was fed up with working abroad.
B.She wanted to handle her health problem.
C.She hoped to have the sense of belonging.
D.She found life on the East Coast unbearable.
2.What do we know about the author
A.She grew up in Iran.
B.She is of mixed race.
C.She moved to America at school age.
D.She likes living in diverse communities.
3.What’s Amanda Kolson Hurley’s opinion of American suburbs
A.They are limited to whites.
B.They are becoming more diverse.
C.They are filled with cultural shocks.
D.They are becoming more populated.
4.What does the author think of her neighborhood near Novato
A.It is friendly.
B.It is a middle-class one.
C.It is different from San Francisco.
D.It is populated mainly by Guatemalans.
B
David Attenborough’s Dynasties takes viewers to Antarctica to follow the emperor penguin.Why are there penguins in Antarctica and not the Arctic The simple answer is that there are too many predators (食肉动物) in the Arctic.Animals who call the Arctic their home include the polar bear,arctic fox,grey wolf,etc.There are not many animals that could kill penguins in the Antarctic,which has allowed the species to survive there.
Different types of penguins can be found in Argentina,Australia,Chile,New Zealand,and South Africa.The only species of penguin that lives north of the equator (赤道) is the Galápagos Penguin.
Penguins have lived in the South Pole for thousands of years but once actually lived in the Arctic.According to Aurora Expeditions:“During the 19th century,several research groups tried to introduce penguins into the Arctic environment.However,because of the predators,the penguins couldn’t protect the eggs in their nest and the entire population died out after a couple of years.”
A now extinct flightless bird called the great auk was the only modern species in the genus (属) Pinguinus and its natural habitat was the North Pole.Although not closely related to penguins,the great auk shared many similarities such as a physical resemblance (相似) and being flightless.The species became extinct in the middle of the 19th century due to predation by polar bears and they were also prized by hunters for their feathers (羽毛) and eggs.
The documentary was filmed at Atka Bay in Antarctica.11,000 birds gather on the newly frozen sea ice in Atka Bay every year to face the Antarctic winter.Director Miles Barton said,“I think the film will be a surprise.I don’t think anyone has shown just what a huge struggle it is for emperor penguins to bring up their chicks in what must be the worst condition on Earth.”
5.What can we learn about penguins
A.They are nearly extinct in the Arctic.
B.They have no enemies in the Antarctic.
C.Some of them live in the hottest part of the earth.
D.Many of them can easily adapt to climate change.
6.What’s one reason for the extinction of the great auk according to the text
A.Hunting.
B.Lack of food.
C.Climate change.
D.Losing their natural habitat.
7.What can be inferred from Miles Barton’s words
A.Atka Bay is the perfect habitat for emperor penguins.
B.Emperor penguins are more aggressive than other penguins.
C.The film focuses on the efforts to protect emperor penguins.
D.It is a challenge for emperor penguins to survive in the Antarctic.
8.What does the text mainly talk about
A.The protection of the Antarctic.
B.How a film about penguins is created.
C.Why there are no penguins in the Arctic.
D.The introduction of different kinds of penguins.
C
What should you think about when trying to find your career You are probably better at some school subjects than others.These may show strengths that you can use in your work.A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career.A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work.So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school.On the other hand,you may not have any specially strong subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard.Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job,they may have indirect value.A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details.This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.
Your school may have taught you skills,such as typing or technical drawing,which you can use in your work.You may be good at metalwork or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills.If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer holiday,think what you gained from it.If nothing else,you may have learned how to get to work on time,to follow instructions and to get on with older workers.You may have learned to give correct change in a shop,for example.Just as important,you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.
Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself.You may be all thumbs when you handle tools;perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures.It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist.Your school record,for instance,may not be too good,yet it is an important part of your background.You should not be sorry about it but instead recognise that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.
9.We can infer from the first paragraph that .
A.learning better at school shows power in your job
B.the better you are at school subjects,the more helpful it is in your career
C.learning each subject well is an ability in many jobs
D.we should think about how to find our career
10.All the subjects may be of direct value for job hunting except .
A.mathematics B.English
C.history D.technical drawing
11.From the passage we learn that if a student’s school performance is not good,he will .
A.have no hope in his future work
B.be hopeful to find a suitable job
C.regret not having worked harder at school
D.have an opportunity of a new beginning in his future work
12.The passage mainly discusses .
A.the relationship between school performance and career
B.how to get a job
C.how to show strengths in your work
D.working experience and knowledge at school
Ⅳ.七选五
“If Bill would praise me once in a while,he’d make my life much happier,” a young homemaker said to her neighbor. 1 But unless we hear words of praise from someone else,how can we know that we are valued friends or co-workers
Anyone who wants to improve his relationships with others needs only to show a sympathetic understanding.The way to express this understanding and give others the feelings of importance and worthiness boils down to this: 2 Praise and tell him about it.
We each have a mental picture of ourselves,a self-image.When we are proud of our self-image,we feel confident and free to be ourselves.We function at our best.When we are ashamed of our self-image,we attempt to hide it rather than express it. 3
A miracle happens to the person whose self-esteem has been raised. 4 He is kinder and more easy-going with those around him.Praise is the polish that helps keep his self-image bright and shining.What has this to do with your giving praise A lot. 5 When you add to his self-esteem,you make him want to like you and to work with you.
As artists find joy in giving beauty to others,anyone who masters the art of praising will find that it blesses the giver as much as the receiver.As the saying goes,“Flowers leave some of their fragrance in the hand that bestows (赠予) them.”
A.He suddenly likes other people better.
B.All of us need to feel needed and admired.
C.Children,especially,are hungry for praise and appreciation.
D.Always look for something in the other person you can admire.
E.We become unfriendly or aggressive,and hard to get along with.
F.You have the ability to create that kind of miracle in another person.
G.Encouragement through praise is a way of getting people to do their best.
Ⅴ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你和同学根据英语课文改编了一部短剧,想给外教Miss Evans写封邮件,请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括:
1.剧情简介;
2.指导内容;
3.商定时间、地点。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
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Ⅵ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2023·浙江金华统考模拟)
I like staying overnight at Gramma’s house—that is,until Gramma starts telling me how wonderful my cousin Maya is.Then it’s Maya this and Maya that until I don’t ever want to hear another word about her.
That’s why I wasn’t too excited when Gramma called me on the phone to “come on over and bring your pajamas”.When I got there,it was worse than I’d expected.There,in Grandpa’s big leather rocker,sat Maya,all dressed up and formal-looking and wearing fancy shoes as if she’d just been to a party.
“Surprise,Kristen!” Gramma said.“Your cousin Maya and her parents have traveled in from the East Coast on business.Maya gets to stay with us this afternoon.”Gramma chattered away about how excited she’d been for this surprise get-together,and how cousins ought to get to know each other better.
I hung my baseball cap in the closet and set my backpack by the stairway,all the time smiling and nodding as if I’d been waiting forever for this chance to spend an afternoon with Maya.Grandpa’s chair squawked(咯咯叫) as Maya rocked back and forth.It’s the chair I like best in the house,the one I usually sit in.I sat down on the sofa across from her.
Shortly,Gramma went off to the kitchen to “see about some lunch”,she’d said.That left me stuck in the living room with rocking Maya.
She was still small but taller than I’d remembered her from her last visit four years ago.She was good at small talk,though,and was chatting away about how nice it was to see me again.But I could tell that she didn’t really think so.The last time she was here,we’d had hours of fun together building caves out of Gramma’s sofa pillows.
After that,I’d heard about her only through Gramma’s tales.Maya taking piano lessons.Maya learning math.Maya,Maya,Maya.Now Maya was here,looking great with the latest haircut and a fancy dress.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Glancing down at my jeans and my old sneakers,I wished I hadn’t come.
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“How do you know all these things about me ” I asked.
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分层跟踪检测(三)WRITING WORKSHOP & VIEWING WORKSHOP & READING CLUB & ASSESSMENT
Ⅰ.1.applicant 2.photographers 3.telescope 4.part-time
5.column 6.elderly/old 7.journalist/reporter 8.vision
9.district/area/zone 10.respectfully
Ⅱ.1.follow in his footsteps 2.prepared for 3.be replaced by
4.have no intention of 5.What if 6.It is up to you
Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者住在美国一个多元文化社区里,这里给了她家的感觉。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...I had always felt like an outsider.I decided to return to my hometown of San Francisco since I had held on to the idea of the city’s diversity all those years.”可知,作者漂泊在外,没有归属感,所以决定回家。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“...I’ve always felt that immersion in difference is my norm.”可知,作者喜欢住在多元化的社区中。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“the fixed idea of ‘white suburbs’ is changing”和“Diverse suburbs are growing faster than white suburbs”可知,这位作家认为美国的郊区越来越多元化。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ali knocks on my front door every few weeks to offer my family food.”和“As a self-made taxi driver,he shares more than food.”以及最后一段“My neighbors make me feel at home.”可知,作者所在的社区邻居们都很友善。
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了北极为什么没有企鹅。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The only species of penguin that lives north of the equator is the Galápagos Penguin.”可知,有些企鹅生活在热带地区。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The species became extinct in the middle of the 19th century due to predation by polar bears and they were also prized by hunters for their feathers and eggs.”可知,天敌和人类的猎杀导致大海雀灭绝。
7.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“surprise”和“what a huge struggle it is for emperor penguins to bring up their chicks in what must be the worst condition on Earth”可知,南极天气恶劣,企鹅生存不易。
8.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Why are there penguins in Antarctica and not the Arctic ”及下文介绍的研究人员试图将企鹅带到北极却徒劳无功以及北极大海雀的灭绝可知,本文主要是为了介绍北极为什么没有企鹅。
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章分析了学生的在校表现和未来职业的关系。
9.A 推理判断题。由第一段中的“You are probably better at some school subjects than others.These may show strengths that you can use in your work.”可推断出,作者认为在校学习时学得好的人在工作中占有优势。故选A项。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career.A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work.”和第二段首句“Your school may have taught you skills,such as typing or technical drawing,which you can use in your work.”可知,数学、英语和技术绘图对找工作有直接的价值。而根据第一段中的“A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details.This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.”可知,历史对于找工作的价值体现不是直接的。故选C项。
11.D 细节理解题。由短文的最后两句“Your school record,for instance,may not be too good,yet it is an important part of your background.You should not be sorry about it but instead recognise that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.”可知,如果一名学生在校成绩不好,则他应该认识到自己将拥有一个重新开始的机会。故选D项。
12.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,这篇文章主要讲的是一个人的在校表现与他的职业的关系。故选A项。
Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是议论文。赞美可以产生奇迹,它能让一个人变得自信且易于相处。
1.B 根据下文中的“But”和“how can we know that we are valued friends or co-workers”可知,B项中的“need to feel needed and admired”是解题关键。
2.D 根据下文中的“Praise and tell him about it.”可知,要想表达这种理解,并且让他人感知到他的重要性和价值所在的方法是“不断在他身上寻找你所欣赏的东西”,表扬他,告诉他,故选D项。
3.E 根据上文中的“When we are proud of our self-image...We function at out best.”和“When we are ashamed of our self-image,we attempt to hide it rather than express it.”可知,这里对比说明了两种情况:当我们对自我形象很满足的时候,我们会很自信,我们能完全释放自我且能做到极致;但当我们自惭形秽的时候,我们会企图掩饰真实的自己,会变得不友好、有攻击性,从而难以相处。E项中的“unfriendly or aggressive,and hard to get along with”和上文中的“confident...function at out best”形成对比。
4.A 根据上文中的“A miracle happens to the person whose self-esteem has been raised.”和下文中的“He is kinder and more easy-going with those around him.”可知,A项“He suddenly likes other people better.”承上启下,符合语境。
5.F 根据上文中提到的奇迹和下文中提到的你所做的改变了一个人可知,F项“你有能力在另一个人的身上创造奇迹”符合语境。
Ⅴ.
Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask you to do me a favor.As you know,my classmates and I have adapted the short play Hamlet written by William Shakespeare.It’s one of the most classical things in our textbook.Would you give us some advice about one of the plots That’s about Hamlet’s complex mental mind when his father died and his mother immediately married his uncle.We are in urgent need of your help and guidance.Would you be available on Sunday afternoon My classmates and I will be studying in the classroom then.
I’d appreciate it if you can spare some time and give us some specific guidance.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Ⅵ.Glancing down at my jeans and my old sneakers,I wished I hadn’t come.A rush of shame flooded over me as I compared myself to Maya—Gramma’s favorite.She was smarter,prettier,and more talented than I could ever hope to be.The thought of being loved less by Gramma because of Maya was unbearable.“I hear you like to skate,” Maya’s words crashed through my thoughts.What she announced was totally beyond my expectation.Astonished and speechless,I wondered how she knew about my skating.“I hear you are the captain of your basketball team.Even better,you are always competitive and aggressive in any sports activities,” she exclaimed,her eyes full of envy and admiration.
“How do you know all these things about me ” I asked.Shrugging and looking down,Maya told me that Gramma wrote about me in her letters and that I was her favorite person to write about.Numb with shock,I stared at Maya’s face,and the only thing that came to my mind was,“You won first prize in the math competition,didn’t you ” Maya looked up,confused.I explained that Gramma talked about her all the time.We laughed,chatted about everything,and had fun building caves out of Gramma’s sofa pillows.Time flew by,and as Maya and her parents drove off,Gramma and I waved goodbye until they were out of sight.“Isn’t Maya a lovely child!” Gramma grinned.“She’s really nice,” I agreed,now understanding that Gramma had two favorites.
