人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction重点单词短语讲与练课件(共24张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction重点单词短语讲与练课件(共24张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-09 20:53:56 | ||
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(共24张PPT)
Unit1 Science Fiction
重点单词短语讲与练
根据英文解释猜单词。
1.a formal arrangement to meet or visit sb at a particular time, especially for a reason connected with their work_____________
2.to say sth officially or publicly____________
3.to suppose that sth is true, although you do not have actual proof___________
4.to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc._______
5.the process or result of dividing into separate parts; the process or result of dividing sth or sharing it out__________
6.to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth_________
appointment
declare
presume
calculate
division
urge
根据英文解释猜单词。
7.to burst or make sth burst loudly and violently, causing damage_____________
8.something is described in a way that makes it seem more important or serious than it really is.______
9.belonging to a different country, race, or group, or a creature from outer space___________
10.a man or woman whose job is to sell goods, for example, in a shop/store_______
11.feeling ashamed because you have done sth that you know is wrong or have not done sth that you should have done__________
explode
overstatement
alien
salesman /saleswoman
literary
根据英文解释猜单词。
12.to put thoughts or feelings out of your mind;to officially remove sb from their job__________
13.an extra amount of money that is added to a payment, especially to sb's wages as a reward_____________
14.to hang sth from sth else;to officially stop sth for a time;______
15.not clear; without a clear outline or shape___________
16.not clear because of haze;not clear because of a lack of memory, understanding or detail_______
17.wet earth that is soft and sticky__________
bonus
suspend
blurred
hazy
mud
dismiss
单词拼写
1.Students are asked to prepare materials in advance of each _________(每周的) seminar.
2.Have you any idea where the (传言) started
3.The man wanted to go home,but he could barely afford the railway_____ (费用).
4.It’s difficult to (计算) what effect all these changes will have on the company.
5.The (女主席) is up against the greatest challenge to her position.
6.The government has decided to increase (薪水) for all civil servants.
7.Mary was chosen for the job because she was the _________ (占优势的) candidate.
8. (劳动者) shortages have forced the Japanese into making heavy use of industrial robots.
weekly
rumour
fare
calculate
chairwoman
salaries
superior
Labour
根据汉语写出单词。
9.The differences between art and life seem to have become________(模糊不清的).
10.If you are wrong,admit it.You won’t lose (尊严),but will gain respect.
11.There is a (冲突) between what they are doing and what you want.
12.They waved hats and (手帕) to welcome the returning hero.
13.The wind was so strong that it pushed me a few steps ______ (向后).
14.The little boy reached for the (灯),which stood in the middle of the table.
blurred
dignity
conflict
handkerchiefs
backwards
lamp
1.nail n.& vt.
①He drove in a nail with one stroke of the hammer._________
②I have tried to discourage him from biting nails.__________
③He nailed boards together to make a box._______________
2.dismiss vt.
①He dismissed me from the club because of my serious mistake.___________
②The pupils were dismissed from school._______________
③She tried to dismiss the idea from her mind.____________
一词多义
【n.钉子】
【n.指甲】
【vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定】
【vt.开除】
【vt.让(某人)离开】
【vt.消除】
1.test out 检验；测试
→ test sb.out试用，试验，考验(某人)
→ test for ...检验﹙成分等﹚；对人﹙或物﹚做……检测﹙或化验、测试等﹚
→ put...to the test 使……经受考验；检验；试验
The software has been tested for viruses.
My new boss gave me the most difficult clients to deal with.I felt he was really testing me out to see if I would cope.
该软件已经过病毒测试。
我的新老板把最难对付的客户交给了我。我觉得他是在考验我，看我能不能应付。
重点单词
2.appointment n.预约；约会；委任
→ have/make an appointment with sb.约见某人；与某人约会
→ keep / break an appointment with...守/违
→ appoint vt. 委派；任命；指定；约定；确定
→ appoint sb.to be/as... 任命某人(某职)
→ appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事
→ appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
disappoint v. 使失望；使破灭，使落空
disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的；
disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人扫兴的
disappointment n. 失望，沮丧；令人失望的人
重点单词
3.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
→ dismiss from...将(某人)从……开除；解雇；使退去
→ be dismissed from one's service (某人)被免职；被解雇
→ dismiss fear from one's mind 消除(某人)心里的恐惧
→ dismissal n.解雇；免职；开除
I could not understand why Mr.Rochester had not asked the police to arrest her，or at least dismissed her from her service.
She tried to dismiss fear from her mind.
我不明白罗切斯特先生为什么没有要求警察逮捕她，或者至少解雇她。
她试图消除心中的恐惧。
重点单词
4.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布
→ declare sb./sth.to be ＋n./adj.宣布/宣称/某人/某事为……
→ declare that... 宣布/宣称/声明……
→ declare war on/upon...向……宣战
→ declare against... 声明反对
→ declare for...声明赞成
→ declaration n.宣布，宣告，声明
重点单词
5.bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利（强调额外的回报，奖金之类）
reward 强调应得的回报，报酬
award （在某方面杰出而受到认可的）奖品，奖（项）
prize （比赛、竞赛中获得的）奖品，奖金
【练习】选词填空：
1. The firm recognized Tom’s outstanding work by giving him an extra _______.
2. The king said that such a brave soldier was worthy of ________.
3. The actor won an Academy ________ for his role in the film.
4. First _________ in the competition will be a meal at the restaurant of your choice.
重点单词
bonus
reward
Award
prize
6.presume vt.& vi.假设; 假定
suppose v. 推断，料想，猜想；假设，假定
assume v. 假定，假设，认为
presume on/upon 期望；利用
→ presumed adj.假定的; 推测的
→ presumption n.放肆, 傲慢; 推测
assumption n. 假定，假设；取得，承担
重点单词
7.calculate vt.推测; 计算; 核算
calculate on 指望 ;期待=count on;look forward to
be calculated for适合于……；为适合…而设计的
→ calculator n.计算器
→ calculation n.计算; 估 计; 计算的结果
8.divide vt.& vi.(使)分开; 分成; 除
divide into把……分成
divide by除以；用…除
divide up瓜分；分割；分配
→ division n.分开; 分离; 差异; 除(法)
重点单词
加:plus；add
减:minus;subtract
乘: multiply ;by
9.urge n.冲动vt.催促; 力劝
敦促某人做某事 urge sb to do sth=prod sb to do sth
have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
→ urgent adj.紧急的, 急迫的
→ urgency n.紧急; 催促; 紧急的事
→ urgently adv.紧急地, 急迫地
10.explode vt.& vi.爆炸; 爆破
explode into 爆发出…=go off /burst out /break into
→ explosion n.爆炸
→ explosive adj.爆炸性的; 爆发性的;n.炸药; 爆炸物
重点单词
11.state n.国家; 州; 情境; vt.规定; 声明; 陈述
in state 庄重地；正式地
in a state of 处于……的状态
→ statement n.声称; 声明; 陈述
→ overstatement n.夸大; 夸张
12.alien n.外星人(生物); 外国人 adj.陌生的; 外星的; 外国人的
→ alienate vt.使 疏远, 离间
13.guilt n.有罪；对罪行有责任
→guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
feeling of guilt 内疚感;有罪感
重点单词
Practice Makes Perfect!
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The (saleswoman) at the supermarket were trying to keep up with the demand.
2.My sister (suspend) from her job shortly after the incident.
3.Why do we need to issue a (declare) from this summit
4.Students are allowed (take) European history and American history.
5.Mr Smith made an (appoint) for his son to see the doctor.
6.The parents felt ashamed for their son when he (dismiss) by the boss.
saleswomen
was suspended
declaration
to take
appointment
was dismissed
在以下空格内填入一个单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空：
If a little human-like robot begged you not to shut it off,would you show sympathy In an experiment 1. (intend) to find out how people treat robots when they act like humans,many participants struggled to power down a begging robot named Nao.2. experiment was conducted by researchers in Germany,whose findings 3. (publish)in the scientific journal PLOS ONE.
The robot Nao,4. was designed to beg about half of the participants not to switch it off but not the other half,was used 5. (measure) if his begging affected how people reacted.
intended
The
were published
which
to measure
在以下空格内填入一个单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空：
In one previous experiment,researchers found that people preferred communicating with robots with complementary (互补的) personality characteristics to their own.And since robots can exhibit social characteristics either 6. (speak) with human voices or taking the shape of a human body,the research 7. (suggest)that people tend to react “8.____________(especial) social to them”.
The researchers said a possible 9. (explain) for their results was that people regarded Nao’s begging 10.____ “a sign of making its own decision”.
speaking
suggests
especially
explanation
as
The following passage is not fiction, but more like a true story. The boss arranged an appointment for the saleswoman to talk with a customer. He did this in order to test out her integrity. He promised to raise her salary and even give her a bonus if she succeeded. She knew that to climb the ladder of success she couldn't miss the opportunity. But it seemed to her that the boss was doing something absurd. Maybe there was something wrong with her makeup, like her red nails. The boss claimed that the saleswoman was guilty and suspended her from her post. Then he declared she would be dismissed, whereas she tried to justify her dignity. She thought it was ridiculous of the boss to do so.
短文翻译
The following passage is not fiction, but more like a true story. The boss arranged an appointment for the saleswoman to talk with a customer. He did this in order to test out her integrity. He promised to raise her salary and even give her a bonus if she succeeded. She knew that to climb the ladder of success she couldn't miss the opportunity.
下面的段落不是虚构的事,而更像是一个真实的故事。
老板安排了一个约会，让女售货员与一名顾客交谈。
他这样做是为了检验她的诚实正直。
他答应给她加薪，如果她成功了,甚至还给她发奖金。
她知道要攀登成功的阶梯，就不能错过这个机会。
短文翻译
But it seemed to her that the boss was doing something absurd. Maybe there was something wrong with her makeup, like her red nails. The boss claimed that the saleswoman was guilty and suspended her from her post. Then he declared she would be dismissed, whereas she tried to justify her dignity. She thought it was ridiculous of the boss to do so.
但在她看来，老板在做一件荒唐的事。
也许她的妆容出了问题，比如她的红指甲。
老板声称女售货员有过失，并把她停职。
之后他宣布她将被解雇,然而她却极力为自己的尊严辩解。
她认为老板这样做很可笑。
短文翻译
Thank You！
Unit1 Science Fiction
重点单词短语讲与练
根据英文解释猜单词。
1.a formal arrangement to meet or visit sb at a particular time, especially for a reason connected with their work_____________
2.to say sth officially or publicly____________
3.to suppose that sth is true, although you do not have actual proof___________
4.to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc._______
5.the process or result of dividing into separate parts; the process or result of dividing sth or sharing it out__________
6.to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth_________
appointment
declare
presume
calculate
division
urge
根据英文解释猜单词。
7.to burst or make sth burst loudly and violently, causing damage_____________
8.something is described in a way that makes it seem more important or serious than it really is.______
9.belonging to a different country, race, or group, or a creature from outer space___________
10.a man or woman whose job is to sell goods, for example, in a shop/store_______
11.feeling ashamed because you have done sth that you know is wrong or have not done sth that you should have done__________
explode
overstatement
alien
salesman /saleswoman
literary
根据英文解释猜单词。
12.to put thoughts or feelings out of your mind;to officially remove sb from their job__________
13.an extra amount of money that is added to a payment, especially to sb's wages as a reward_____________
14.to hang sth from sth else;to officially stop sth for a time;______
15.not clear; without a clear outline or shape___________
16.not clear because of haze;not clear because of a lack of memory, understanding or detail_______
17.wet earth that is soft and sticky__________
bonus
suspend
blurred
hazy
mud
dismiss
单词拼写
1.Students are asked to prepare materials in advance of each _________(每周的) seminar.
2.Have you any idea where the (传言) started
3.The man wanted to go home,but he could barely afford the railway_____ (费用).
4.It’s difficult to (计算) what effect all these changes will have on the company.
5.The (女主席) is up against the greatest challenge to her position.
6.The government has decided to increase (薪水) for all civil servants.
7.Mary was chosen for the job because she was the _________ (占优势的) candidate.
8. (劳动者) shortages have forced the Japanese into making heavy use of industrial robots.
weekly
rumour
fare
calculate
chairwoman
salaries
superior
Labour
根据汉语写出单词。
9.The differences between art and life seem to have become________(模糊不清的).
10.If you are wrong,admit it.You won’t lose (尊严),but will gain respect.
11.There is a (冲突) between what they are doing and what you want.
12.They waved hats and (手帕) to welcome the returning hero.
13.The wind was so strong that it pushed me a few steps ______ (向后).
14.The little boy reached for the (灯),which stood in the middle of the table.
blurred
dignity
conflict
handkerchiefs
backwards
lamp
1.nail n.& vt.
①He drove in a nail with one stroke of the hammer._________
②I have tried to discourage him from biting nails.__________
③He nailed boards together to make a box._______________
2.dismiss vt.
①He dismissed me from the club because of my serious mistake.___________
②The pupils were dismissed from school._______________
③She tried to dismiss the idea from her mind.____________
一词多义
【n.钉子】
【n.指甲】
【vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定】
【vt.开除】
【vt.让(某人)离开】
【vt.消除】
1.test out 检验；测试
→ test sb.out试用，试验，考验(某人)
→ test for ...检验﹙成分等﹚；对人﹙或物﹚做……检测﹙或化验、测试等﹚
→ put...to the test 使……经受考验；检验；试验
The software has been tested for viruses.
My new boss gave me the most difficult clients to deal with.I felt he was really testing me out to see if I would cope.
该软件已经过病毒测试。
我的新老板把最难对付的客户交给了我。我觉得他是在考验我，看我能不能应付。
重点单词
2.appointment n.预约；约会；委任
→ have/make an appointment with sb.约见某人；与某人约会
→ keep / break an appointment with...守/违
→ appoint vt. 委派；任命；指定；约定；确定
→ appoint sb.to be/as... 任命某人(某职)
→ appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事
→ appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
disappoint v. 使失望；使破灭，使落空
disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的；
disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人扫兴的
disappointment n. 失望，沮丧；令人失望的人
重点单词
3.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
→ dismiss from...将(某人)从……开除；解雇；使退去
→ be dismissed from one's service (某人)被免职；被解雇
→ dismiss fear from one's mind 消除(某人)心里的恐惧
→ dismissal n.解雇；免职；开除
I could not understand why Mr.Rochester had not asked the police to arrest her，or at least dismissed her from her service.
She tried to dismiss fear from her mind.
我不明白罗切斯特先生为什么没有要求警察逮捕她，或者至少解雇她。
她试图消除心中的恐惧。
重点单词
4.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布
→ declare sb./sth.to be ＋n./adj.宣布/宣称/某人/某事为……
→ declare that... 宣布/宣称/声明……
→ declare war on/upon...向……宣战
→ declare against... 声明反对
→ declare for...声明赞成
→ declaration n.宣布，宣告，声明
重点单词
5.bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利（强调额外的回报，奖金之类）
reward 强调应得的回报，报酬
award （在某方面杰出而受到认可的）奖品，奖（项）
prize （比赛、竞赛中获得的）奖品，奖金
【练习】选词填空：
1. The firm recognized Tom’s outstanding work by giving him an extra _______.
2. The king said that such a brave soldier was worthy of ________.
3. The actor won an Academy ________ for his role in the film.
4. First _________ in the competition will be a meal at the restaurant of your choice.
重点单词
bonus
reward
Award
prize
6.presume vt.& vi.假设; 假定
suppose v. 推断，料想，猜想；假设，假定
assume v. 假定，假设，认为
presume on/upon 期望；利用
→ presumed adj.假定的; 推测的
→ presumption n.放肆, 傲慢; 推测
assumption n. 假定，假设；取得，承担
重点单词
7.calculate vt.推测; 计算; 核算
calculate on 指望 ;期待=count on;look forward to
be calculated for适合于……；为适合…而设计的
→ calculator n.计算器
→ calculation n.计算; 估 计; 计算的结果
8.divide vt.& vi.(使)分开; 分成; 除
divide into把……分成
divide by除以；用…除
divide up瓜分；分割；分配
→ division n.分开; 分离; 差异; 除(法)
重点单词
加:plus；add
减:minus;subtract
乘: multiply ;by
9.urge n.冲动vt.催促; 力劝
敦促某人做某事 urge sb to do sth=prod sb to do sth
have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
→ urgent adj.紧急的, 急迫的
→ urgency n.紧急; 催促; 紧急的事
→ urgently adv.紧急地, 急迫地
10.explode vt.& vi.爆炸; 爆破
explode into 爆发出…=go off /burst out /break into
→ explosion n.爆炸
→ explosive adj.爆炸性的; 爆发性的;n.炸药; 爆炸物
重点单词
11.state n.国家; 州; 情境; vt.规定; 声明; 陈述
in state 庄重地；正式地
in a state of 处于……的状态
→ statement n.声称; 声明; 陈述
→ overstatement n.夸大; 夸张
12.alien n.外星人(生物); 外国人 adj.陌生的; 外星的; 外国人的
→ alienate vt.使 疏远, 离间
13.guilt n.有罪；对罪行有责任
→guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
feeling of guilt 内疚感;有罪感
重点单词
Practice Makes Perfect!
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The (saleswoman) at the supermarket were trying to keep up with the demand.
2.My sister (suspend) from her job shortly after the incident.
3.Why do we need to issue a (declare) from this summit
4.Students are allowed (take) European history and American history.
5.Mr Smith made an (appoint) for his son to see the doctor.
6.The parents felt ashamed for their son when he (dismiss) by the boss.
saleswomen
was suspended
declaration
to take
appointment
was dismissed
在以下空格内填入一个单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空：
If a little human-like robot begged you not to shut it off,would you show sympathy In an experiment 1. (intend) to find out how people treat robots when they act like humans,many participants struggled to power down a begging robot named Nao.2. experiment was conducted by researchers in Germany,whose findings 3. (publish)in the scientific journal PLOS ONE.
The robot Nao,4. was designed to beg about half of the participants not to switch it off but not the other half,was used 5. (measure) if his begging affected how people reacted.
intended
The
were published
which
to measure
在以下空格内填入一个单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空：
In one previous experiment,researchers found that people preferred communicating with robots with complementary (互补的) personality characteristics to their own.And since robots can exhibit social characteristics either 6. (speak) with human voices or taking the shape of a human body,the research 7. (suggest)that people tend to react “8.____________(especial) social to them”.
The researchers said a possible 9. (explain) for their results was that people regarded Nao’s begging 10.____ “a sign of making its own decision”.
speaking
suggests
especially
explanation
as
The following passage is not fiction, but more like a true story. The boss arranged an appointment for the saleswoman to talk with a customer. He did this in order to test out her integrity. He promised to raise her salary and even give her a bonus if she succeeded. She knew that to climb the ladder of success she couldn't miss the opportunity. But it seemed to her that the boss was doing something absurd. Maybe there was something wrong with her makeup, like her red nails. The boss claimed that the saleswoman was guilty and suspended her from her post. Then he declared she would be dismissed, whereas she tried to justify her dignity. She thought it was ridiculous of the boss to do so.
短文翻译
The following passage is not fiction, but more like a true story. The boss arranged an appointment for the saleswoman to talk with a customer. He did this in order to test out her integrity. He promised to raise her salary and even give her a bonus if she succeeded. She knew that to climb the ladder of success she couldn't miss the opportunity.
下面的段落不是虚构的事,而更像是一个真实的故事。
老板安排了一个约会，让女售货员与一名顾客交谈。
他这样做是为了检验她的诚实正直。
他答应给她加薪，如果她成功了,甚至还给她发奖金。
她知道要攀登成功的阶梯，就不能错过这个机会。
短文翻译
But it seemed to her that the boss was doing something absurd. Maybe there was something wrong with her makeup, like her red nails. The boss claimed that the saleswoman was guilty and suspended her from her post. Then he declared she would be dismissed, whereas she tried to justify her dignity. She thought it was ridiculous of the boss to do so.
但在她看来，老板在做一件荒唐的事。
也许她的妆容出了问题，比如她的红指甲。
老板声称女售货员有过失，并把她停职。
之后他宣布她将被解雇,然而她却极力为自己的尊严辩解。
她认为老板这样做很可笑。
短文翻译
Thank You！