(共77张PPT)
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS
Section A TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
素养导航 明目标
语言
能力 必背
单词 clinic gallery grocery stadium bakery cafeteria canteen
suburb conflict intervention disagreement envy friction
encouragement disturb apologise theory chain impression
network random parcel release bimonthly phrase
additionally frequently household bond consequence
adopt freeze proceed reveal tear-stained investigate
dare bone dive appeal emperor sorrow republic loan
forgiveness debt interrupt legal document
语言
能力 重点
短语 hang out refer to be connected to deliver...to
be used as based on link...to in amazement
burst into step in send...off
in the depth of despair turn down put out
on fire pick up take up dive into
put away appeal to a wide variety of participate in
keep control over keep an eye on
cast a dark cloud on set up
date back in return for
核心语法 过去时中的被动语态
主题写作 写一篇新闻报道
文化
意识 了解人际交往的文化特点
了解所生活区域的文化
了解英式英语和美式英语的表达差异
思维
品质 学习人际交往相关知识,建立恰当的人际关系
了解社区精神,学会融入社区生活
结合自身生活经验,树立良好的个人形象
学习
能力 熟练运用本单元的词汇等语言知识
理解语篇,结合时间和空间关系,理清文章写作思路
学会介绍自我生活圈和个人的人际关系
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目 录 索 引
Part 3 Grammar
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 阅读课文,把握主旨大意。
What’s the main theme of the text
A.How we connect to each other.
B.Some research about our connection.
C.The theory of “Six Degrees of Separation”.
D.Our early impression of social networks.
√
Activity 2
阅读课文,
理清文章结构。
ten
connected
1920s
failed
randomly
delivered
film
Internet
four
driver
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读课文,选择正确答案。
1.According to the passage, was the inspiration for the term “Six Degrees of Separation”.
A.Stanley Milgram’s research
B.Frigyes Karinthy’s book
C.the Oscar-winning film Babel
D.Columbia University’s experiment
√
2.What can we learn according to the third paragraph
A.Before the method called the “small-world problem” was found,scientists had spent nearly two decades proving it.
B.Stanley Milgram did his research by choosing people who he was very familiar with.
C.During Stanley’s study,over seven people were needed to get the packages delivered.
D.Stanley Milgram chose those people who knew each other well to send the packages.
3.The text is developed mainly by .
A.providing examples B.making a list
C.making comparisons D.following the order of time
√
√
4.The game in the fourth paragraph is mentioned to .
A.get more people to play it
B.explain “Six Degrees of Separation”
C.compare games with movies
D.praise the two college students
5.What was the unique characteristic of the “Columbia Small-world Project”
A.It involved about 18 different countries.
B.It was conducted by Milgram and his team.
C.It was an experiment carried out online.
D.Its results differed from“Six Degrees of Separation”.
√
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.How do you contact your friends How many people do you regularly communicate with
2.Why do you think people study how people are connected
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence that tells us what “Six Degrees of Separation”.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the result of Stanley Milgram’s research.
“Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other person.
Amazingly,it only took between five and seven people to get the parcel delivered,and once released,the result were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Referring to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people,“Six Degrees of Separation” was first talked about as 1. (early) as the 1920s.
In the 1950s,two scientists made an attempt 2. (prove) the theory 3. (mathematic),but failed.In 1967, American sociologist Stanley Milgram tested the theory with a new method called the “small-world problem”,and it was this research 4. inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”.
early
to prove
mathematically
that
With the theory and the phrase 5. (appear) again in the last few decades,the name of “Six Degrees of Separation” was used
6. the title of a play and then a movie.Afterwards,7. (base) on the concept,more movies and TV programmes were made and broadcast.
In 2003,Milgram’s experiment 8. (try) online.Known as the “Columbia Small-world Project”,the experiment 9. results confirmed that the average number of links in the chain 10. (be) six involved 24,163 email chains with 18 target people in 13 different countries.And most recently,in 2011 an experiment at the University of Milan found 92 percent social media users were connected by only four stages,or five degrees of separation.
having appeared
as
based
was tried
whose
was
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people,and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us.
[句式分析]省略that的宾语从句
Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people,and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us.
定语从句,修饰people 宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
研究表明,普通人只与7到15个人经常保持联系,而且我们大部分的交流实际上只发生在5到10个亲近的人身上。
2.Milgram told them to send the package to a person they knew personally who they thought might know the target stranger.
[句式分析] 定语从句,修饰person
Milgram told them to send the package to a person they knew personally who they thought might know the target stranger.
宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
米尔格兰姆告诉这些人把包裹寄给他们认为有可能认识目标收件人的熟人。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. n.诊所,(医院)门诊部
2. n.体育场,运动场
3. n.(工厂、学校等的)食堂,餐厅
4. n.抵触,冲突,矛盾
5. n.意见不合,分歧,争论
6. vt.羡慕,妒忌
clinic
stadium
canteen
conflict
disagreement
envy
7. n.鼓励,鼓舞;起激励作用的事物
8. n.学说,理论
9. n.一连串,一系列;链子,链条
10. vt.& n. 发表,发布;释放
11. n. 成语,习语;警句
encouragement
theory
chain
release
phrase
识记阅读词汇
12.gallery n.
13.grocery n.
14.bakery n.
15.cafeteria n.
16.intervention n.
work n.
18.sociologist n.
19.parcel n.
20.bimonthly adj.
美术馆,画廊
食品杂货;超级市场
面包烘房,糕饼店
(工厂、学校等的)自助餐厅,食堂
干涉,干预
人际关系网,联络网;网络,网状系统
社会学家
包裹;邮包
两月一次的;一月两次的
串记拓展词汇
21. n.郊区,近郊,城郊
→ suburban adj. 城郊的;在郊区的;城郊住宅区的
22. vt.干扰,打扰,使中断
→disturbance n.扰乱,忧虑,不安→disturber n.打扰者
23. vi.道歉,谢罪→ apology n. 道歉
24. n. 印象,感想
→impress vt.使有印象→impressed adj.给人深刻印象的,令人钦佩的
25. adj.随机的,随意的 →randomly adv. 随机地,随意地
suburb
disturb
apologise
impression
random
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-tion加在动词之后构成名词,表示行为的过程、结果、状况等。如:
intervene→intervention 干涉,干预
act→action 行动,活动
organise→organisation 组织
instruct→instruction 用法说明,指示
educate→education 教育
重点短语
1.refer to
2.be connected to
3.make an attempt to do
4. 被用作……
5. 以……为基础
6. 将……递送给
7. 只有,不超过,不过
8. 分析……和……之间的关系
提及,指的是,参考
与……相连
试图做
be used as
be based on
deliver...to
no more than
analyse the relationship between...and...
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.envy n.羡慕,忌妒 vt.羡慕,妒忌
【佳句背诵】Gradually he began to acknowledge his feelings of envy towards his mother.[社交生活]
渐渐地他开始承认自己对母亲的羡慕。
2.disturb vt.干扰,打扰,使中断
【佳句背诵】I’m sorry to disturb you,but can I talk to you for a moment
[社交生活]
对不起,打扰你一下,我能跟你谈一会儿吗
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.conflict n.抵触,冲突,矛盾
a conflict between...and... ……和……之间的冲突
in conflict with 和……冲突
come into conflict 发生冲突
conflict vi.抵触;冲突
conflict with 和……发生冲突
conflict over 为……发生冲突
【佳句背诵】There is a conflict between the two.[个人观点]
这两者之间存在冲突。
She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
[个人观点]
她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着冲突。
The farmers came into conflict over land and water.[社会生活]
农民们为土地和水发生了冲突。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The scientists said their findings don’t conflict each other.
(2)In America there are often conflicts employers and employees.
(3)踢足球时,两名学生因一名学生踢了另一名学生的脚而发生了冲突。
While playing football,the two students because one kicked the other on the foot.
(4)有时,我们的想法和现实会发生冲突。
At times,our thoughts are reality.
with
between
came into conflict
in conflict with
2.apologise vi.道歉,谢罪
apologise for (doing) sth 因(做)某事道歉
apologise to sb 向某人道歉
apology n.道歉
make an apology (to sb) for (doing) sth 因(做)某事(向某人)道歉
owe sb an apology 该向某人道歉
【佳句背诵】It’s normal for a father to apologise to his son.[个人观点]
一个父亲向儿子道歉是正常的。
You must apologise for what you have done.[个人观点]
你必须为你所做的事道歉。
The coach made a public apology for the players’ bad performances.
[社会生活]
教练为运动员们的糟糕表现公开道歉。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)My brother apologised not attending my wedding.
(2)Arriving at home,Mrs Black received a message of (apologise) from her friend.
(3)让你等这么久,我应该向你道歉。
I keeping you waiting for such a long time.
for
apology
owe you an apology for
3.refer to 提及,指的是,参考
refer to the dictionary/notes 查词典/笔记
reference n.提及;查阅
a reference book 参考书
in reference to 关于
【佳句背诵】While taking a test,you shouldn’t refer to your notes.
[个人观点]
进行测试时,你不应该查笔记。
Last weekend,I bought a very good reference book.[学校生活]
上周末,我买了一本十分好的参考书。
I have nothing to say in reference to that incident.[个人观点]
关于那次事件,我无话可说。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Mr Green,could you tell us what the word “it” in this sentence refers
(2)The parents felt worried because their daughter didn’t make any
(refer) to her life abroad in her letter.
(3)The professor (refer) to in the video is in practice a very famous expert in AI.
(4)我给你写信,是关于在报纸上发布的招聘职位的。
I am writing to you the position advertised in the newspaper.
to
reference
referred
in reference to
4.connect vt.& vi.(使)连接;联结;使有关系;给(某人)接通电话
connect...to... 把……和……连接
connect sb (with sb) 给某人接通(某人的)电话
connect...with... 把……和……联系在一起
be connected to 与……相连
be connected with 与……有关系
connection n. 联结;连接;亲戚;熟人
a loose connection 接触不良
have (no) connection with 和……(没)有关系
there is a connection between...and... 在……和……之间有关系
in connection with 关于,与……有关
【佳句背诵】There is no evidence to connect them with the conflict.
[个人观点]
没有证据把他们和这次冲突联系在一起。
Hold on,I’ll just connect you with Miss Jones.[社交生活]
稍等,我这就给您接通琼斯小姐的电话。
There is a connection between the tide and the moon.[科普知识]
潮汐和月亮有关系。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The discussion is connected the incident happening in the workshop.
(2)They couldn’t find a computer (connect) to the Internet.
(3)Experts believe that there is a connection smoking and lung cancer.
(4)你的灯忽明忽暗,一定是接触不良。
Your light goes on and off.There must be .
(5)4名年轻人因与盗窃案有关而受到审问。
Four young men were questioned the theft.
with
connected
between
a loose connection
in connection with
5.random adj. 随机的,随意的
a random sample 随机抽取的样品
a random selection 任意选择的东西
random remarks 随便说的话
random n.随意
at random 随机地,随意地
randomly adv.随机地,随意地
【佳句背诵】The survey used a random sample of two thousand people across England and Wales.[社会生活]
该调查在英格兰和威尔士随机抽取了2,000人。
We received several answers,and we picked one at random.[社会生活]
我们收到了几个答案,然后随机挑选了一个。
The winning numbers are randomly selected by computer.[社会生活]
中奖号码是由电脑随机选取的。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)In the study tasks are (random) distributed to volunteers.
(2)By talking about her problems random,she becomes less upset.
(3)在仪式上他只是随便说了一些话。
At the ceremony,he just .
randomly
at
made a few random remarks
6.deliver vi.& vt.递送;传送 vt.发表;接生
deliver sth to sb 把某物交付给某人
deliver a message 带信,传话
deliver a speech 发表演讲
deliver a baby 助产,接生
delivery n.传递,递送,运送;生产,分娩;讲话方式,风度
on delivery 送达时,到货时
【佳句背诵】Her baby was delivered by her own doctor.[社会生活]
她的孩子是由她自己的医生接生的。
Can we pay for this phone with cash on delivery,Mark [人际交往]
马克,我们买这部手机可以货到付款吗
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)Whatever you buy from our store,the (deliver) is free of charge.
(2)You can pay for the good delivery.
(3)All these supplies must be delivered them without delay.
delivery
on
to
7.base n.底部;基地,大本营;基础 vt.以……为基础
at the base of...在……底部
an air base 空军基地
base...on/upon... 使……基于……
be based on/upon... 以……为基础
basic adj.基本的,基础的;初级的
basis n.基础
【佳句背诵】I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.
[个人观点]
我把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。
Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.[个人观点]
理论以实践为基础,反过来又为实践服务。
These facts are basic to an understanding of the case.[个人观点]
这些事实是了解这一案件的基础。
【易混辨析】
base 可用作名词、动词或形容词,作名词时表示具体的有形事物的底部或军事基地
basis 仅用作名词,表示抽象的无形事物的基础
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)The famous writer’s new novel is based historic facts.
(2)On top of the (base) salary,there are numerous other benefits.
on/upon
basic
8.no more than 只有,不超过,不过
more than 超过,多于;非常,十分;不只是,不仅仅是
more...than... 与其说……倒不如说……;比……更……
not more than 不超过,至多
do more good than harm 利大于弊
do more harm than good 弊大于利
【佳句背诵】His visit,however,ended up involving a lot more than that.
[社会生活]
然而,他的访问所涉及的范围远远不止于此。
Bill is more shy than impolite.[个人观点]
与其说比尔没有礼貌,倒不如说他是害羞。
The place they live in is no more than a cottage.[社会生活]
他们所住的地方只不过是一个村舍。
This main avenue was not more than eight feet wide.[事实描述]
这条主道的宽度不超过8英尺。
【即学即练】单句写作
(1)如果你只想着赚钱,那么你不过是钱的仆人。
If you only think of earning money,then you are its servant.
(2)我们英语老师对我们很友好,与其说他是我们的老师,倒不如说他是我们的朋友。
Our English teacher is so kind to us that he is our friend
our teacher.
(3)如果我们告诉他真相,可能弊大于利。
If we tell him the truth,it may .
no more than
more
than
do more harm than good
9.involve vt.涉及;使参与;牵涉;包括
involve doing sth 涉及做某事
involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人参与(做)某事
involved adj. 复杂的;纠缠的;有关的
get/be involved in 卷入,专注于,涉及
involvement n. 参与,加入;沉迷
【佳句背诵】Running your own business usually involves working long hours.[个人观点]
经营你自己的生意通常涉及长时间的工作。
Try to involve as many children as possible in the game.[校园生活]
让尽可能多的孩子参与到游戏中来。
How many vehicles were involved in the crash [社会生活]
这次撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车
Peace and stability in the world need the active involvement of China.
[个人观点]
世界和平与稳定需要中国的积极参与。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)I suspect that he is more or less involved the affair.
(2)His new book examines the United States’ (involve) in World War Ⅱ.
(3)Your working task involves (sell) all these products.
(4)In addition to studies,students should also get (involve) in lots of extra-curricular activities.
in
involvement
selling
involved
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
network
A.n.人际关系网,联络网 B.n.网络,网状系统 C.v.建立工作关系
①To the children of this connected era,the world is one giant social network.
②In business,it is important to network with as many people as possible on a face to face basis.
③The office network allows users to share files and software,and to use a central printer.
A
C
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.chain
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. She wore a heavy gold chain around her neck.
生义 n. A chain of volcanoes girdles the Pacific.
v. She chained her bicycle to the gate.
链子,链条
一连串
用链子拴住或束缚住
2.parcel
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. The postman has brought a parcel for you.
生义 n. 50 five-acre parcels have already been sold.
v. The land was parcelled out into small lots.
包裹,邮包
一块地
将某物分成若干份
重点句式——多维剖析
1.否定形式的一般疑问句
【教材原句】Didn’t you argue or fight with each other when you were children
当你们还是孩子的时候,难道你们没有过争吵或打架吗
这是一个否定形式的一般疑问句,可译为“难道……不……吗 ”。此类否定形式的一般疑问句往往含有惊讶、意外等语气,常不需要作出回答。当对其作出回答时,答案肯定则应用Yes,后面用表示肯定的简略回答形式;答案否定则应用No,后面用表示否定的简略回答形式。
【佳句背诵】—Didn’t you go to the movie with her last weekend
—Yes,I did.
——上周末你没和她一道去看电影吗
——不,我和她一起去了。
【即学即练】单句写作
(1)——难道你现在不住在这座城市了吗
——不,我住在这儿。
— in this city now
— ,I .
(2)——昨天你没去听那个报告吗
——对,我没去。
— the lecture yesterday
— ,I .
Don’t you live
Yes
do
Didn’t you attend
No
didn’t
2.状语从句的省略
【教材原句】Amazingly,it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered,and once released,the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.
令人惊讶的是,这些包裹只需通过5到7个人就能送到正确的人手中。结果一经公布,便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。
在when,while等引导的时间状语从句以及if,unless,once,though,although等引导的让步状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致并含有be动词时,常可将主语和be动词省略。if/when it is possible/necessary等可省略为if/when possible/necessary。
【佳句背诵】The flowers will grow better if (they are) watered often.
这些花如果经常浇水会长得更好。
While (he was) waiting for his train,Mr Black read the Chinese novel.
布莱克先生等火车时读了那本中国小说。
If (it is) possible,we will go and visit you next weekend.
如果有可能,我们下周末会去看你。
【即学即练】单句写作
(1)这样的事一旦发生就会导致严重的后果。
Such a thing, ,will result in serious effects.
(2)如果有必要,我会告诉他真相的。
,I’ll tell him the truth.
(3)尽管知道很难按时完成这项任务,我们还是没有放弃。
that we can’t finish the task on time,we don’t give up.
once happening
If necessary
Though/Although knowing
3.in the last+一段时间
【教材原句】In the last few decades,the theory and the phrase have appeared again.
在过去的几十年里,这一理论和说法又再次出现。
(1)“in the last+一段时间”表示“在过去的……里”,常与现在完成时态连用。
(2)类似“in the last+一段时间”的时间状语还有:in/over/during the last...,during the past...,over the last...。
【佳句背诵】The musician along with his band members has given ten performances in the last three months.
在过去的三个月里,这位音乐家和他的乐队成员已经进行了十场演出。
In the last few decades,a large quantity of railways have been built in China.
在过去的几十年里,中国已经建起了很多铁路。
【即学即练】单句写作
在过去的几周里,中国北方的许多城市一直饱受大雾之苦,这给人们带来了极大的不便。
Over the past several weeks,many cities in Northern China
heavy fogs,causing great inconvenience to people.
have been suffering from
Part 3 Grammar
语法图解
过去时中的被动语态
语法精讲
一、一般过去时的被动语态
1.一般过去时的被动语态的构成
一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were+动词过去分词”构成。
Then a new hospital was built in the village.
当时在村子里建了一家新医院。
2.一般过去时的被动语态的使用场合
(1)句子中含有yesterday,yesterday morning,the day before yesterday,in 2008,in the twentieth century等表示过去的时间状语时。
All the trees were planted yesterday afternoon.
所有这些树都是昨天下午栽的。
(2)句子中含有a moment ago,ten years ago,a week ago等表示过去的时间状语时。
The organisation was founded ten years ago.
那个组织是10年前建立的。
(3)句子中含有last season,last month,last year等表示过去的时间状语时。
Last month all the cars in the shop were sold out.
那家店里的小汽车上个月全卖完了。
(4)根据语境判断描述的是过去发生的事时。
It got dark and they found the door of the house was locked.
天黑了,他们发现房子的门锁上了。
The road was blocked and Jack stopped his car.
那条路被封了,杰克停下了车。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
1.In May,2021,a new high-speed railway (build).
2.Tom didn’t correct his mistake,so he (punish) by his teacher.
3.他的信息一经传达,他就让我留下来观看。
,he allowed me to stay and watch.
was built
was punished
Once his message was delivered
二、过去进行时的被动语态
1.过去进行时的被动语态的构成
过去进行时的被动语态由“was/were being+动词过去分词”构成。
The road before our school was being repaired.
我们学校前面的那条马路在维修。
Then the fish was being cooked by my mother.
当时,我妈妈正在煮那条鱼。
2.过去进行时的被动语态的使用场合
(1)时间状语为at that time,at that moment,then等时。
At that time bikes were being used the most as the means of transportation.
那时自行车是使用最多的一种交通方式。
The issue was at that moment being discussed.
当时那个问题正在讨论中。
(2)时间状语为at 10:00 yesterday evening,from 7:00 am to 8:00 am yesterday等时。
The news was being broadcast at 8:00 last night.
昨晚8点时那则新闻正在播出。
From 8:00 am to 10:00 am yesterday,an English oral contest was being held in our school.
昨天上午8到10点,我们学校在举行英语口语大赛。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
1.We didn’t read in the library because it (decorate) at that time.
2.他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆。(使用过去进行时的被动语态)
was being decorated
A new library was being built in their school just then.
三、过去将来时的被动语态
1.过去将来时的被动语态的构成
过去将来时的被动语态由“would be+动词过去分词”或“was/were going to be+动词过去分词”构成。
The manager said his new plan would be carried out soon.
经理说他的新计划不久就会实施。
A new library would be built next term.
下学期将建一个新的图书馆。
2.过去将来时的被动语态的使用场合
(1)在宾语从句中,当主句为过去时,从句表示将来时。
Our headmaster told us that our classroom would be moved into a new school building.
我们的校长告诉我们,我们的教室将搬到一栋新的教学楼里。
We couldn’t imagine how such a complex task would be accomplished.
我们无法想象这样一个复杂的任务将如何完成。
(2)在状语从句中,当从句为过去时,主句表示将来时。
If the fog was too heavy,your flight would be cancelled.
如果雾太大,你们的航班将会被取消。
【即学即练】单句写作
1.他说他的作业很快就要完成了。
He said that his homework soon.
2.经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。
The manager said the project by the end of the year.
would be finished
would be completed
四、过去完成时的被动语态
1.过去完成时的被动语态的构成
过去完成时的被动语态由“had been+动词过去分词”构成。
The girl who helped the homeless had been found.
帮助无家可归者的女孩已经被找到了。
Dad’s new novel had been finished.
爸爸的新小说已经完成了。
2.过去完成时的被动语态的使用场合
(1)时间状语为since或for引出的一段时间,且结束时间为过去。
The Greens lived in their old house.Their new flat had been decorated for half a year.
格林一家还住在他们的旧房子里。他们的新公寓装修已经半年之久了。
(2)时间状语为“by+过去时间”或“by the end of+过去时间”等。
By the time the war ended,millions of people had been killed.
到战争结束时,已经死亡了数百万人。
All the tickets had been sold out by the end of last weekend.
到上周末为止,所有的票都已经卖出。
(3)当状语从句中的主句和从句的动作都发生在过去,则先发生的动作用过去完成时。
After all of my homework had been finished,I went to bed.
所有的作业都完成后,我睡觉了。
There was nobody in the office because the lights had been turned off.
办公室没有人了,因为所有的灯都关了。
(4)在宾语从句中,主句为过去时,从句动作在主句之前已经发生,则从句动作用过去完成时。
The boy found that his room had been cleaned.
那个男孩发现他的房间已经被打扫过了。
His friends felt surprised that his plan had been changed.
他的朋友们对他的计划发生改变感到意外。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
1.By last Friday all the walls (paint).
2.When Sandy got home after school,she found her clothes
(wash).
had been painted
had been washed(共44张PPT)
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS
Section C WRITING WORKSHOP & VIEWING WORKSHOP & READING CLUB & ASSESSMENT
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 阅读课文,把握主旨大意。
Read the text of READING CLUB 1 quickly and find out the main theme of the text.The text is about .
hutong
Activity 2 阅读READING CLUB 2课文,对关于Portia和Shylock的相关情节排序。
1.Portia:
a.Shylock should have scales to weigh the flesh.
b.Shylock should fall to his knees and ask the Duke for forgiveness.
c.Shylock asks for a pound of flesh from near Antonio’s heart.
d.Bassanio offers Shylock three times the amount of the loan.
e.Shylock mustn’t take one drop of flood.
d→c→a→e→b
2.Shylock:
a.Make the judgment according to the law.
b.Only have the loan returned to him.
c.Agree to sign an agreement to leave everything to his daughter and Lorenzo after his death.
d.Accept the first offer that Antonio pays him three times the amount of the debt.
d→a→b→c
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读READING CLUB 1课文,选择正确答案。
1.Why is it that hutongs leave tourists the strongest impression
A.Because they are the grandest sights in Beijing.
B.Because they provide them with a rare view into Beijing’s past.
C.Because they connect the rectangular courtyards.
D.Because Beijing’s hutongs are particularly famous.
2.What does “hutong” mean nowadays
A.It only refers to the courtyards.
B.It reflects the history of Beijing.
C.It can refer to the courtyards and the communities as well.
D.It only means the little alleys connecting the courtyards.
√
√
3.According to the second paragraph we can know .
A.Beijing’s hutongs were built almost in each dynasty
B.people in the past could build a home where they wanted to
C.even ordinary citizens could live in the centre of Beijing
D.where people could live depended on their identifications
4.What’s the third paragraph mainly about
A.The function of hutongs.
B.People’s life in the past.
C.How people communicated.
D.People lived in harmony.
√
√
5.Which of the following can best describe the present hutongs
A.They are built to house the increasing population.
B.Their conditions need to be improved urgently.
C.They reflect that Beijing is an ancient and modern city.
D.Many of them have been replaced by modern buildings.
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.Use some words to describe Shylock in the text of READING CLUB 2
2.How do you like the ending of the story
greedy,cunning,narrow-minded,heartless,...
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the text of READING CLUB 1 carefully and find the sentence that tells us what is hutong.
2.Read the text of READING CLUB 1 carefully and find the sentences that tell us why the persons in the past built hutongs.
Hutongs—the many little alleys that connect the rectangular courtyards of traditional houses—are a feature of ancient Chinese architecture.
(1)To help them keep control over the city,the Emperors arranged different areas of Beijing in neat blocks of houses built around courtyards.
(2)They were then able to place guards at the entrances of hutongs,which made it easier to keep an eyes on people’s movements.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Hutongs are the many little alleys that connect the courtyards of
1. (tradition) houses.They are a feature of ancient Chinese architecture.Nowadays,hutongs also refer to the courtyards and the communities there.Most of Beijing’s hutongs were built between the 13th and 19th 2. (century).The Emperors during these periods built hutongs to help keep control over the city.They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the 3. (vary) of hutongs,making it easier to keep
4. eye on people’s movements.People’s houses 5. (build) facing each other around courtyards,6. people supported each
traditional
centuries
varieties
an
were built
where
other,and shared the joy and sorrow,and played together.Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty,hutongs were built 7. (house) the increasing population,but they were 8. (poor) made.After the People’s Republic of China was founded,the government undertook the preservation of many hutongs.Hutongs,9. (show) that Beijing is truly ancient
10. modern,are important and are loved by the tourists.
to house
poorly
showing
yet/but
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. n.悲伤,悲痛;不幸
2. n.贷款
3. n.债务,欠款
识记阅读词汇
4.emperor n.
5.republic n.
6.document n.
sorrow
loan
debt
皇帝
共和国
公文,文件
串记拓展词汇
7. vi.有吸引力 vi.& vt.呼吁,恳请;上诉
→ appealing adj.有吸引力的
8. n.原谅,宽恕→forgive vi.& vt.原谅,宽恕
9. vi.& vt.打断(某人的)讲话,中断(某人的)行动,打扰
→interruption n. 打扰,干扰
10. adj. 法律的;法律允许的,合法的→legally adv. 法律上;合法地→illegal adj. 非法的→illegally adv. 非法地
appeal
forgiveness
interrupt
legal
重点短语
1.participate in
2.appeal to
3.keep an eye on
4. 追溯到
5. 同甘共苦
6. 属于
7. 作为……的回报
8. 违反法律
参加
吸引
照看;留意;密切注视
date back
share the joy and sorrow
belong to
in return for
break the law
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
interrupt vi.& vt.打断(某人的)讲话,中断(某人的)行动,打扰
【佳句背诵】They were interrupted by a knock at the door.[场景描写]
他们被敲门声打断了。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.appeal vi.有吸引力 vi.& vt.呼吁,恳请;上诉
appeal to sb 吸引某人
appeal to sth 向……申诉
appeal (to sb) for sth 呼吁(某人)某事
appeal to sb for help 恳请某人帮忙
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
make an appeal to sb for sth/to do sth 呼吁某人(做)某事
appealing adj.吸引人的
【佳句背诵】The government is appealing to the public to reduce the use of plastics.[社会生活]
政府在呼吁人们减少塑料制品的使用。
The series of Harry Potter are so appealing that they encourage children to read more.[个人观点]
《哈利·波特》系列的故事太吸引人了,使得孩子们读了还想再读。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The local schools are appealing funds to build a new library.
(2)The president recently appealed to students (return) to their own country.
(3)Even if its salary is high,the position doesn’t appeal Sun Tao.
(4)那些志愿者呼吁公众分类投放垃圾。
The volunteers the public garbage into different trash cans.
for
to return
to
appeal to
to put
2.keep an eye on照看;留意;密切注视
have an eye for sth 对某事物有判断力或鉴赏力;有眼力;有眼光
in the eyes of sb=in one’s eyes 在某人的心目中;在某人看来
hit sb in the eye 打某人的眼睛
an eye for an eye 以眼还眼
【佳句背诵】Kate has an eye for painting,and she herself is good at it.
[人物描写]
凯特对绘画很有鉴赏力,她自己也很擅长绘画。
In my eyes,we can benefit a lot from online learning.[个人观点]
在我看来,我们通过在线学习可以受益很多。
The naughty boy hit the cat in the eye.[人物描写]
那个淘气的男孩打了那只小猫的眼睛。
【即学即练】单句写作
(1)如果你有对美的鉴赏力,美就无处不在。
If you beauty,it’s everywhere.
(2)以眼还眼不是解决问题的正确途径。
is not the right way to solve problems.
(3)我不在的时候你能帮忙照看一下我的孩子吗
Could you help my baby while I’m away
have an eye for
An eye for an eye
keep an eye on
3.date back 追溯到
date back to=date from 始自(某时期),追溯至
out of date 过时的,过期的
to date 迄今,至今;到目前为止(与现在完成时连用)
up to date 现代的,最新的
set/fix a date for 确定……时间
make/have a date with... 和……有个约会
【佳句背诵】Shoes date back to 8,000 BCE—a very long history,indeed.
[科普知识]
鞋可以追溯到公元前8,000年——可谓历史悠久了。
All the reference books available are out of date.[个人观点]
所有找到的参考书都是过时的。
To date,we have not received any replies.[社会生活]
我们至今还未收到答复。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)It’s said that the statue (date) from nearly five centuries ago.
(2)My family has an antique vase (date) back to the Qing Dynasty, which was passed down from the last generation.
(3)To date,they (not finish) decorating the museum.
(4)这种建筑在明朝时就存在了。
This kind of building the Ming Dynasty.
(5)这几个国家还没有确定下次会议的时间。
These countries haven’t the next meeting.
dates
dating
haven’t finished
dates back to
set/fixed a date for
4.in return for 作为……的回报
in return 作为回报
return sth 送回某物,归还某物
return to a place 返回某地
return sth to sb 把某物归还给某人
in turn 依次,轮流;相应地,转而
【佳句背诵】We’ll return to New York in two weeks.[社会生活]
我们将在两周后返回纽约。
Remember to return the dictionary to Bill after you use it.[人际交往]
你用过词典后记得把它还给比尔。
Rose lay on the ground and raised her right and left legs in turn.[人物描写]
罗斯躺在地上,轮流抬起左腿和右腿。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The professor gave away all his possessions to the charity with nothing
return.
(2)David helped his uncle to sell the things in return three meals.
(3)It’s good manners to return things the owner after you use it.
(4)那位客人给了那位服务员20美元,以回报他的良好服务。
The guest gave the waiter $20 his good service.
(5)努力能让我们取得进步,转而让我们更加自信。
Hard work can get us to make progress,and make us more confident.
in
for
to
in return for
in turn
5.guarantee vt.保证,担保;提供保修单;确保 n.保证,保证书;担保;抵押品
guarantee sb sth 向某人担保某事
guarantee to do sth 保证做某事
be guaranteed to do sth 肯定/必定会做某事
guarantee that... 保证……
guarantee sth against...保障某物免受……
under guarantee 在保修期内
no guarantee of 不是……的保证
【佳句背诵】If you send the application form in straight away,I can guarantee you an interview.[人际交往]
如果你马上把申请表寄来,我可以保证给你面试。
We cannot guarantee that our flights will never be delayed.[个人观点]
我们不能保证我们的所有航班均不延迟。
I’m afraid there’s no guarantee of success.[个人观点]
恐怕没有成功的保证。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)They can’t guarantee (complete) the task in only one month.
(2)I guarantee if you take this medicine,you’ll soon get well.
(3)Blue skies are no guarantee continuing fine weather.
(4)商店承诺他们将免费维修我们的汽车,因为它仍在保修期内。
The shop promised that they would repair our car for free,because it was still
.
(5)这一出乎意料的事故必定让情况变得更糟糕。
This unexpected incident the situation worse.
to complete
that
of
under guarantee
is guaranteed to make
6.responsibility n.责任
take responsibility for 为……承担责任,负责……
have a responsibility to do sth 有责任做某事
a sense of responsibility 责任感
responsible adj.负责的,有责任心的
be responsible for 对……负责
be responsible to do sth=be responsible for doing sth 负责做某事
irresponsible adj.不负责任的
【佳句背诵】We are determined to bring the people responsible to justice.
[个人观点]
我们决心将责任人绳之以法。
Two American teachers are responsible for teaching English in this international school.[人物描写]
在这所国际学校,两名美国的老师负责教英语。
Many children were absent from school,which the heavy snow was responsible for.[个人观点]
许多孩子缺课,大雪是造成这种情况的罪魁祸首。
We all have a responsibility to protect the environment.[个人观点]
我们都有责任保护环境。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Our classroom was in such a mess.The party held the night before was responsible it.
(2)A doctor’s first (responsible) should be treating his or her patient devotedly.
(3)A driver’s careful driving is responsible not only himself but also people on the road.
(4)父母需要鼓励孩子们培养责任感。
Parents need to encourage in their children.
(5)负责找到一位志愿者的人是王经理。
The person who a volunteer is Manager Wang.
for
responsibility
for
a sense of responsibility
is responsible for finding
多义词汇——自主练透
一词多义
appeal
A.n. 呼吁;恳求;吸引力,魅力;上诉,申诉
B.v.呼吁;恳求;有吸引力;上诉,申诉;启发,激发
①The government appealed to the public to save power,which is in urgent demand.
②Cute though the car is,it doesn’t appeal to me at all.
③Jack won the appeal to be set free for ignorance.
④Bike sharing along with other innovative mediums hold great appeal for youngsters.
B
B
A
A
重点句式——多维剖析
1.whether...or...引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】By connecting people’s homes,the hutongs in fact connected people’s lives,whether the lives of the rich or the lives of the ordinary citizens.
通过把人们的家联系起来,胡同实际上把人们的生活联系在一起,无论是富人的生活还是普通市民的生活。
(1)whether...or...意为“不管是……还是……;无论是……还是……”,常用以引导让步状语从句。
(2)whether...or...也用以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等名词性从句。同时,它还常和动词不定式连用,构成结构:whether to do or...。
【佳句背诵】Whether I determine to study at home or abroad,my parents say that they will support me.
无论我是决定在国内还是到国外学习,我父母都说他们会支持我。
Whether you choose singing or drawing,you need to put your heart into it.
无论你是选择唱歌还是选择绘画,你都需要全身心投入其中。
Sam hasn’t decided whether he will keep the secret or tell his father the truth.
萨姆还没有决定他是保守那个秘密还是告诉他爸爸真相。
The problem is whether we change our plan or not.
问题是我们是否改变计划。
【即学即练】翻译句子
(1)无论是本国人还是外国人,任何人都应该遵守国家的法律。
(2)还不清楚这家购物中心是否将引入人工智能。
(3)无论你是否承认,网络都改善了我们的生活,使我们的生活更加便利。
Anyone should observe the country’s law whether a native or a foreigner.
It’s not clear whether this mall will bring in the AI (or not).
Whether you admit it or not,the Internet improves our life and makes our life more convenient.
2.倍数表达法
【教材原句】If that is not enough,I can pay ten times the amount.
如果那还不够,我可以付10倍的价钱。
(1)ten times the amount是倍数的表达方式,其结构为“倍数+the+名词+of+比较对象”。
(2)倍数还常用下面几种方式来表达:
①A+谓语+倍数+what+从句
②A+谓语+倍数+形容词(或副词)比较级+than+B
③A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词(或副词)原级+as+B
【佳句背诵】This park is three times the size of that one.
这家公园面积是那家公园的3倍。
The new high-speed railway is twice the length of the old one.
这条新高铁是那条旧的高铁长度的2倍。
This lake is twice bigger than the one near our town.
这个湖比我们镇附近的湖大2倍。
This lake is three times as big as the one near our town.
这个湖是我们镇附近的湖的3倍大。
Every year Mrs Green earns twice what her husband does.
每年格林夫人挣的钱是她丈夫挣的钱的2倍。
【即学即练】一句多译
这口古井是村子里的那口井的4倍深。
(1) (depth)
(2) (deep)
(3) (deeper)
The ancient well is four times the depth of the one in the village.
The ancient well is four times as deep as the one in the village.
The ancient well is three times deeper than the one in the village.
3.简单句,or+简单句
【教材原句】He will do this,or he will be punished with death.
他会这么做的,否则他就会被处以死刑。
(1)“简单句,or+简单句”表示“……,否则……”,表示前面分句的情况如果不发生,则会发生or后面的情况。前面分句常用祈使句。
(2)类似句型“祈使句,and+简单句”表示前面祈使句情况如果发生,则会发生and后面简单句的情况。
【佳句背诵】Work hard,or you’ll fail the exam.
努力学习,否则你考试会不及格的。
Comfort him,or he will be sadder.
安慰安慰他,否则他会更难过的。
Get up right now,and we can catch the early train.
马上起来,我们就能赶上早班火车。
Take a deep breath,and you’ll feel better.
深呼吸,你会感觉好些的。
【即学即练】翻译句子
(1)再仔细考虑一下,你会找到一个更好的方法。
(2)改正你的错误,否则情况会越来越糟。
(3)经常给这些花浇水,否则它们就会死掉。
Think about it again,and you’ll find a better way.
Correct your mistake,or things will be worse and worse.
Water the flowers often,or they’ll die.(共55张PPT)
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS
Section B LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 阅读课文,把握主旨大意。
Read the text quickly and find out the main idea of the text.The text is about
.
things happened after Anne got to her new home
Activity 2
阅读课文,
理清文章结构。
amazed
silent
tears
no
nothing
appetite
first
clean
cold
sleep
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读课文,选择正确答案。
1.Why did Marilla freeze in amazement
A.Because she was too cold.
B.Because she saw a girl,not a boy.
C.Because the girl was so ugly.
D.Because she ran too fast.
2.According to the passage who brought the girl
A.Matthew. B.Marilla.
C.Mrs Spencer. D.The girl herself.
√
√
3.Why did the girl burst out crying
A.Because she didn’t have any relatives.
B.Because she thought nobody there wanted her.
C.Because she missed her parents very much.
D.Because she was left alone at the train station.
4.Which of the following words can be used to describe Anne
A.Desperate. B.Fortunate.
C.Considerate. D.Optimistic.
5.What was the room Anne stayed like
A.Clean and warm. B.Bare and fashionable.
C.White and welcoming. D.Cold and old-fashioned.
√
√
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What would you do if you were Marilla
2.What do you think would happen after Anne wake up the next morning
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing Anne’s reaction after knowing she is unwanted.
(1)She sprang forward a step and clasped her hands.
(2)Sitting down on a chair by the table,throwing her arms on it,and burying her face in them,she proceeded to cry stormily.
(3)...
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describing Anne’s new room.
(1)The whitewashed walls were so painfully bare.
(2)In one corner was the bed,a high,old-fashioned one of dark wood.
(3)Midway between table and bed was the window,with an icy white curtain over it.
(4)...
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
When seeing the odd little figure,Marilla froze in 1. (amaze). They had sent word to Mrs Spencer to bring a boy,but she brought such a girl with the long hair and the eager,bright eyes,2. (wear) the stiff,ugly dress.
When the girl 3. name was Anne seemed to understand Marilla and Matthew’s dialogue,she stopped remaining silent,expressing that they didn’t want her,which made her in the depths of despair.She burst into
4. (tear) and then she buried her face in her arms and proceeded to cry 5. (storm).Neither of Marilla and Matthew knew how
6. (comfort) the girl.
amazement
wearing
whose
tears
stormily
to comfort
It was time for dinner.Although Anne tried to enjoy the bread and butter and the apple jam,she had no appetite and ate 7. .
Matthew thought that Anne was tired and suggested that she 8. (put) to bed.Marilla made a decision that Anne slept in the bedroom on the first floor. The whole room felt cold and unwelcoming.Anne 9. (dress) and put on her nightclothes.After Marilla returned and said“Good night” awkwardly but not unkindly,Anne still felt upset and lonely and at last cried
10. to sleep.
nothing
be put
undressed
herself
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.You would cry,too,if you were an orphan and had come to a place you thought was going to be home and found that they didn’t want you because you weren’t a boy.
[句式分析] 引导条件状语从句 省略引导词的定语从句,修饰place
You would cry,too,if you were an orphan and had come to a place you thought was going to be home and found that they didn’t want you because you weren’t a boy. 原因状语从句 宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
如果你是个孤儿,来到了一个你本以为会成为自己家的地方,却发现他们因为你不是男孩而不想要你,你也会哭的。
2.She lit a candle and told Anne to follow her,which Anne did,taking her hat and bag from the hall table as she passed.
[句式分析] 非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的句子
She lit a candle and told Anne to follow her,which Anne did,taking her hat and bag from the hall table as she passed.
伴随状语 时间状语从句
[尝试翻译]
她点了根蜡烛,叫安妮跟着她;安妮跟了上来,路过大厅时从桌子上拿起了自己的帽子和包。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. adv.经常地,频繁地
2. n.纽带,联系
3. n.后果
4. vi.继续进行,继续做
5. vt.揭示,揭露;展现,显露
6. n.& vi. 胆敢,敢于
frequently
bond
consequence
proceed
reveal
dare
识记阅读词汇
7.household n.
8.tear-stained adj.
9.bone n.
一家人,同住一栋房子的人
有泪痕的
骨头;骨质物
串记拓展词汇
10. adv.除此之外,此外→additional adj. 额外的;附加的→addition n.加,增加的人或事物
11. vi.& vt. 收养,领养;采取某种方法、政策、态度
→adopted adj.被收养的;被采用的;有收养关系的 →adoption n. 收养,采纳
12. vi.& vt.呆住;突然停止;(使)结冰,(使)冻结→freezing adj.冰冻的;冷冻用的;严寒的 →frozen adj.冰冻的;极冷的;结冰的;冷淡的→freezingly adv.冰冻般地;冷漠地
13. vi.& vt. 查明,调查,侦查→investigation n.调查,侦查→investigatory adj. 调查的;侦查的;审问的;审查的
→investigator n.调查者;侦查员;审阅者
14. vi. 扑向,急冲进;跳水,潜水→diver n.潜水员,潜水者
additionally
adopt
freeze
investigate
dive
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-ly加在形容词之后,构成副词,表示状态、程度、方式,意为“……地”。如:
additional→additionally 除此之外,此外
frequent→frequently 经常地,频繁地
precise→precisely 精确地
true→truly 真实地
resolute→resolutely 坚决地,坚定地
fearful→fearfully 可怕地
重点短语
1.send word to
2.put...away
3.in amazement
4.spring forward
5. 突然……起来
6. 熄灭;出版;伸出;给……带来麻烦
7. 拾起,捡起
8. 哭着睡着
捎口信,转告……,送信给……
把……收起来
惊讶地,吃惊地
向前
burst into
put out
pick up
cry oneself to sleep
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.dare n.& vi.胆敢,敢于
【佳句背诵】There was something,dare I say it,a little unusual about him.
[人物观点]
要我说呀,他这人有那么一点怪。
2.dive vi.扑向,急冲进;跳水,潜水
【佳句背诵】Bezanik is diving to collect marine organisms.[人物描写]
贝赞尼克正在潜水采集海洋生物。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.consequence n.后果;重要性
as a consequence 结果
as a consequence of 由于……
in consequence 因此;结果
consequent adj.必然的,当然的
consequently adv.因此,所以
【佳句背诵】He was not capable enough,and lost his job as a consequence.
[社会生活]
他能力不够,因而失去了工作。
She was over the age limit and,in consequence,her application was rejected.
[社会生活]
她已超过年龄限制,因此她的申请被拒绝了。
As a consequence of the flood,many villagers lost their houses.[社会生活]
由于洪水,许多村民失去了他们的房屋。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)Every great man’s success is (consequence).
(2)My car was broken down on the way,and I was (consequence) late for work.
(3)At the bottom of the well with rare air,as consequence,he breathed heavily and his face was pale.
consequent
consequently
a
2.freeze vi.& vt.呆住;突然停止;(使)结冰,(使)冻结
freezing adj.冰冻的;冷冻的;极冷的
frozen adj.冰冻的;极冷的;结冰的;冷淡的
freezer n.冰箱;冷冻室
freezingly adv.冰冻般地;冷漠地
freeze (sth) up结满冰,由于结冰而变硬
be frozen to death 被冻死
freezing point 冰点
below/above freezing point 冰点以下/上
freezing cold 极为寒冷
【佳句背诵】Aren’t you freezing without a coat [人际交往]
你不穿外套,难道不觉得很冷吗
The land itself freezes up in such low temperatures.[事实描述]
温度这么低,地都冻硬了。
The two homeless children were frozen to death last night.[事实描述]
昨天夜里那两个无家可归的孩子被冻死了。
These plants must be stored in the light at above freezing point.[科普知识]
这些植物必须放置于零度以上有光的地方。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)Many families have no access to fresh water because their water pipes froze
.
(2)“I don’t care what you are doing now,” she replied (freeze).
(3)So cold was it today that the clothes were (freeze) on the clothes line.
(4)The first thing he did was to find shelter from the (freeze) wind and snow.
up
freezingly
frozen
freezing
3.amazement n.吃惊,惊奇
in amazement 惊愕地,惊讶地
to one’s amazement 令某人惊愕的是
amaze v.使惊愕,使惊奇
it amazes sb that/how/what...……令某人大为吃惊
be amazed by/at 对……感到吃惊
be amazed to do 吃惊地做……
be amazed that... 吃惊……
amazing adj.令人惊愕的
amazingly adv.惊愕地
amazed adj.惊奇的,吃惊的
【佳句背诵】To our amazement,our village has been changing nearly every day since twenty years ago.[社会生活]
令我们惊讶的是,我们的村子自20年前开始几乎每天都在变化。
We were all amazed at our team’s performance in the final.[个人观点]
我们都对我们队在决赛中的表现感到吃惊。
Visitors are often amazed to discover how little the town has changed.
[社会生活]
游客们常常惊讶地发现这个城镇几乎没有什么变化。
I’m sure the boy’s rich knowledge will amaze you.[个人观点]
我相信那个男孩渊博的知识会使你们吃惊。
He spoke perfect Chinese—I was really amazed.[个人观点]
他的中文说得很好——我真的很惊讶。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)I was amazed her knowledge of French literature.
(2)All Kate’s friends were amazed she should get employed by the state company.
(3)Hearing the news,all of us were filled with (amaze).
(4)We watched amazement when the AI performed just like a human.
(5)令我们吃惊的是,所有这些员工都不会游泳。
,all these employees are not able to swim.
by/at
that
amazement
in
To our amazement
4.send word to 给……捎口信,转告……,送信给……
have a word with sb 和某人谈一谈
break one’s word 违背诺言
keep one’s word 信守诺言
in other words 换句话说
in a word 总之,简言之
word came that... 消息传来……
【佳句背诵】They asked him to leave—in other words he was fired.
[社会生活]
他们让他离开——换句话说,他被解雇了。
Michael is an honest young man who always keeps his word.[人物描写]
迈克尔是一位总是信守诺言的诚实的年轻人。
Word came that our duties would be changed.[社会生活]
消息传来,我们的职责会被改变。
【即学即练】单句写作
(1)安德鲁捎信给他爸爸说他下个月就将到中国工作了。
Andrew his father,saying that he would go to work in China the next month.
(2)消息传来,中国女排战胜了美国女排。
the Chinese Women Volleyball Team beat the American Women Volleyball Team.
(3)总之,不管发生什么,你都不能违背诺言。
,whatever happens,you should never .
(4)明天我会很忙。换句话说,我抽不出时间来帮助你做作业。
I’ll be very busy tomorrow. ,I can spare no time to help you with your homework.
sent word to
Word came that
In a word
break your word
In other words
5.burst vi.爆炸;冲,闯;突然出现 n.破裂;爆裂,裂口;爆发,突发
burst out doing sth/burst into sth 突然……起来
burst into/in 闯入,闯进,破门而入
burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/心花怒放
burst open 猛然打开
a burst of applause/laughter/anger 一阵掌声/笑声/勃然大怒
a burst of understanding 突然理解
【佳句背诵】Hearing the news,the girl burst into tears.[人物描写]
听到那个消息,那女孩突然大哭起来。
The door opened and a group of people burst in.[人物描写]
门开了,一群人闯了进来。
Then suddenly,she had a burst of understanding—the movement of the fingers meant the cool water flowing over her hand.[人物描写]
突然之间,她明白了——手心上手指的滑动表示流过她手心的清凉的水。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)Jen burst laughing the instant she walked in.
(2)Claire looked as if she were about to burst tears.
(3)The moment the professor turned up,there was burst of applause.
当听到那个好笑的笑话时,我们立刻大笑出来。
(4)When hearing the funny joke,we laughing.
(5)When hearing the funny joke,we laughter.
out
into
a
burst out
burst into
6.put out 熄灭;出版;伸出;给……带来麻烦
put aside 搁置一旁;储蓄
put away 收拾;整理
put down 放下;写下;镇压
put up 张贴;举起
put forward 提出;推荐;将……提前
put off 推迟;延迟
put on 穿上;上演;增加(体重);假装
put back 把……放回原处;拖延
put into 使进入;把……放进
【佳句背诵】You needn’t put down everything your teachers say.[个人观点]
你不必把你老师说的所有话都记下来。
My grandmother puts aside a large sum of money every year for future use.
[家庭生活]
我奶奶每年都会留下一大笔钱供将来使用。
The meeting will be put off until next month.[社会生活]
那个会议将被推迟到下个月。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)Jack,your toys are everywhere,which makes your room in a mess.Just put them .
(2)A week before Earth Day,posters were put around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener Earth.
(3)Sheila’s not really that upset;she’s just putting it .
(4)After reading the books,please put them where they belong.
(5)The government appears to be putting more money education.
away
up
on
back
into
7.pick up (开车)接人;拾起,捡起;继续;改善,好转;(无意中)学会
pick out 挑选;分辨出
pick one’s way 小心地走路,拣好路走
【佳句背诵】It’s easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.
[人物描写]
在人群中认出他很容易,因为他个子非常高。
Pick your way,or you might fall.[个人观点]
选好路走,不然你可能会摔跤的。
【即学即练】指出下面各句中pick up的意思
(1)Just wait at the railway station,and I’ll pick you up.
(2)Our English teacher didn’t pick up where she stopped last period.She played games with us.
(3)After raining for a week,eventually it picked up this morning.
(4)While working in the company in London,Liu Ying picked up a lot of English.
(开车)接人
继续
好转
(无意中)学会
8.take up 拿起;占据;对……有兴趣
take in 吸收;接纳;占有;欺骗;理解
take back 收回;退货
take it easy 别着急,慢慢来
take down 取下;写下;记下
take off 脱下;起飞;取下
take on 呈现,具有(特征);承担;雇用
take...into account 考虑
take over 接管
【佳句背诵】The boy felt regretful but he couldn’t take back what he said.
[个人观点]
男孩感到后悔,但他无法收回说过的话。
Many factors should be taken into account when we make a decision.
[个人观点]
我们作出决定时应该考虑许多因素。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)I think you can take what I said just now.
(2)Mr Smith’s son has taken his company since he fell ill.
(3)Playing the piano took most of my time during the holiday.
(4)Don’t worry.I’ll be glad to take the new task.
in
over
up
on
9.disapprovingly adv.不以为然地;不赞成地
approvingly adv.赞成地,同意地
approve vi.赞成,同意 vt.批准
approve of 赞成,赞许
disapprove vi.不赞成,不同意
approval n.同意,赞成,认可
with/without approval of 经/未经……的批准
meet with one’s approval 得到某人的同意
【佳句背诵】The professor’s proposal that more trees (should) be planted along the streets was approved.[事实描述]
教授关于在街上种更多树木的建议得到了批准。
Do the plans meet with your approval [人际交往]
这些计划你同意吗
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)The soldiers shook their heads (approve) as they looked at Pierre.
(2)His ideas have won widespread (approve).
(3)I approve your trying to earn some money,but please don’t neglect your studies.
disapprovingly
approval
of
多义词汇——自主练透
教材熟词生义
1.freeze
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. Be cautious that the water pipes may freeze up in cold weather.
生义 v. I froze with terror as the door slowly opened.
n. Farmers are still talking about the big freeze of that year.
结冰,冻住
停止不动
严寒期,冰冻期
2.bare
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj. The walls were bare except for a clock.
生义 adj. They wore shabby clothes and their feet were bare.
adj. The family was short of even the bare necessities of life.
v. He bared his head as the funeral procession passed.
空的,无装饰的
赤裸的,裸露的
仅够的,基本的
使裸露出来
重点句式——多维剖析
1.there is no need to do sth没有必要做某事
【教材原句】Well,well,there’s no need to cry so about it.
好啦,好啦,没有必要为这件事哭成这样。
there is no need to do sth中的动词不定式可以有逻辑主语,用介词for引出,即there is no need for sb to do sth,表示“某人没有必要做某事”。
【佳句背诵】There is no need for you to ride your car.The shopping mall is nearby.
你没有必要开车。购物中心就在附近。
There is no need for you to copy the article.Here is a copier.
你没有必要抄写这篇文章。这里有台复印机。
【即学即练】单句写作
(1)一切进展顺利。我们没有必要担心。
Everything goes very well. .
(2)今天天气十分凉爽。我们没有必要打开空调。
It’s so cool today. on the air conditioner.
There is no need for us to worry
There is no need for us to turn/switch
2.as if/as though引导方式状语从句
【教材原句】“You’re not eating anything,” said Marilla sharply,eying her as if it were a serious problem.
“你什么都没吃。”玛丽拉严厉地说,眼睛盯着她,好像这是一个严重的问题。
as if相当于as though,引导方式状语从句。as if也常在系动词seem,look,be等后引导表语从句。as if/though引导的从句应根据其意义是否和事实相符来确定使用真实语气还是虚拟语气。
【佳句背诵】It appears as if his father has never scolded him.
似乎他爸爸从来没有责骂过他。
It seems as if Dad were drunk,but in fact he has just drunk a little.
爸爸看起来好像喝醉了,但实际上他只喝了一点儿。
Sometimes Dad plays with us as if he were a child.
有时父亲和我们一起玩,就像他是一个孩子。
The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother.
孩子们对她非常友好,甚至尊敬她,好像她就是他们自己的母亲。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)After the quarrel with her deskmate,Maria behaved as if nothing
(happen).
(2)Sandy turned around from time to time as if she (search) for somebody.
(3)Bruce is always talking as though he (know) everything.
(4)Dear,it looks as if our daughter (be) really ill.Let’s take her to see a doctor.
(5)老师和我们谈话就好像他已经知道了那件事。
The teacher talked with us about that.
had happened
was searching
knew
is
as if he had known
3.完全倒装结构
【教材原句】In one corner was the bed,a high,old-fashioned one of dark wood.
角落有一张床,一张高高的老式深色木床。
当主语为名词,介词短语放在了句首时,句子用完全倒装结构。当主语为名词,除了介词短语外,副词away,off,up,down,in,out,here,there,then等放在句首时,也应用完全倒装结构。同时,分词放在句首时也常用完全倒装结构。
【佳句背诵】Out rushed the dog from the house when it saw its master return.
那条狗看到主人回来时迅速从房子里跑了出来。
For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together.
一会儿什么都没发生。然后传来所有人一起叫喊的声音。
In one corner of my study is a desk with a computer on it.
在我书房的一个角落放着一张桌子,上面有一台电脑。
On the top of the hill is a tower dating back to the Tang Dynasty.
在山顶是一座可以追溯到唐代的塔。
Covering the fields is thick snow.
厚厚的白雪覆盖着田野。
【即学即练】单句写作
(1)我们学校附近有一家著名的图书馆。
a famous library.
(2)当我们走得越来越近的时候,那只小鸟飞走了。
When we got nearer and nearer, the bird.
(3)那时,许多人都相信在地下埋着的是金库。
At that time many people believed that ______ _______ _____ _______ ____
a vault.
Near our school is/lies
away flew
buried beneath the ground was
