师大版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 11 Conflict And Compromise课件（9份打包）

(共77张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
Period One　Topic Talk
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．不便，麻烦　
B．监督；监视；监测，检测；显示器，监视器；班长　
C．谈判，协商　
D．分配，分派，指派(任务)　
E．讨厌的，令人气恼的　
1．You have to negotiate with the locals to get better prices to buy what you need. (　　)
2．When teachers assign homework, students usually feel an obligation(义务) to do it. (　　)
3．It was really annoying; I couldn’t get access to the data bank you had recommended. (　　)
【答案】1—3　CDE　
4．We all have a high opinion of our monitor because he is always willing to help. (　　)
5．We apologise for any inconvenience caused during the repairs. (　　)
【答案】4—5　BA　
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写　
1．negotiate v. 谈判，协商→ __________ n. 协商；谈判　
2．resolve vt. 解决→ __________ n. 解决，解决办法；决心，决定　
(参考：solve→solution)　
3．assign vt. 分配，分派→ __________ n. 分配；任务　
(参考：adjust→adjustment)　
【答案】1．negotiation　2．resolution　3．assignment　
4．mature adj. 成熟的→ __________ n. 成熟　
(参考：sincere→sincerity)　
5．annoy v. 使恼怒；使生气→ __________ adj. 恼怒的；生气的　
(参考：interest→interested)　
【答案】4．maturity　5．annoyed　
Ⅲ．预备话题素材　
1．I’m writing to __________ the bag that I left behind in a room at your hotel.
我写信的目的是想打听一下我遗忘在贵宾馆房间里的包。
【答案】1．inquire about　
2．The few who can’t see the real person inside my body do not ______________, and I just ignore them.
几个看不到我内心世界的人，并不能使我生气，我只是不去理会他们。
3．She will try to __________ a mutually convenient time and place for an interview.
她会尽量把面谈安排在一个双方都方便的时间和地点。
【答案】2．make me annoyed　3．arrange　
4．I ____________ say that I have made a serious mistake.
我羞于说出我犯了严重的错误。
5．When I taught, I would ____________ to children that they would write about.
教书时，我会给孩子们布置个写作话题。
【答案】4．am ashamed to　5．assign a topic　
课堂新知讲练
1．negotiate vi. & vt. 谈判，协商　
(P28)to negotiate with him / her　
【翻译】和他/她谈判/协商　
【语言提升】
◇词汇拓讲
(1)negotiator n. 谈判者；磋商者　
(2)negotiable adj. 可协商的　
(3)negotiation n. 谈判；转让；顺利地通过(其复数形式为negotiations)　
in negotiation with… 和……协商中　
(4)negotiate还可以表示“成功越过；转让；交涉”。
We tried to negotiate a lower price but they wouldn’t budge an inch.
我们试图把价还低一些，但他们寸步不让。
I negotiated the corner on my motorcycle and pulled to a stop.
我骑着摩托车顺利地绕过弯道并停了下来。
Warren said, “We have had meaningful negotiations and I believe we are very close to a deal. ”　
沃伦说：“我们已经进行了有意义的谈判，我相信我们很快就能达成协议。”　
The pilots are in negotiation with the airline managers.
飞行员们正在和航空公司的经理们谈判。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Recently we _________ (negotiate) for more pay.
(2)They agreed to try to settle their dispute by ____________ (negotiate).
(3)Western governments have this week urged him _________ (negotiate) and avoid force.
【答案】(1)have been negotiating　(2)negotiation　(3)to negotiate　
完成句子
(4)The company says it is currently ____________ many other international labels.
这家公司表示，他们正在和其他国际公司洽谈合作。
(5)“We want to settle all matters at the _____________，” he said.
“我们要在谈判桌上解决所有问题，”他说。
【答案】(4)in negotiation with　(5)negotiating table　
2．inquire vi. & vt. 询问，打听　
(P111)Please give me your account number, sir, and I’ll inquire and make sure the issue is resolved as soon as possible.
【翻译】先生，请告诉我您的账号，我会了解并确保尽快解决您所提出的问题。
(1)inquire也可以表示“查究；询价”。
inquire about 询问，查问；打听　
inquire after 问候；询问起　
inquire into 调查；探究　
(2)inquirer n. 调查者；询问者　
(3)inquiry n. 探究；调查；质询；询盘，询价(复数 inquiries)　
【语言提升】
“What are you doing there？” she inquired.
“你在那里做什么？”她问道。
He called them several times to inquire about job possibilities.
他给他们打了几次电话打听就业的可能性。
People called to inquire after the baby.
大家打电话来询问婴儿的情形。
The police decided to inquire into the events leading up to the accident.
警方决定对这起事故的肇事原因进行调查。
I write personally to each inquirer.
我亲自给每位问讯者回信。
There were calls in Congress for an independent inquiry.
国会中有对一次独立调查的呼吁。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He went to the desk _____ (inquire) and make a reservation.
(2)The fellow turned a keen, watchful face on the ________ (inquire).
(3)He made some _________ (inquiry) and discovered she had gone to Connecticut.
【答案】(1)to inquire　(2)inquirer　(3)inquiries　
完成句子
(4)It is simply to ___________ the facts and circumstances of the article.
这只是简单询问文章的事实和情况。
(5)Do you mind me ______________ your salary
你介意我询问一下你的工资吗
【答案】(4)inquire into　(5)inquiring about　
3．resolve vt. 解决(问题、困难)　
(P111)Please give me your account number, sir, and I’ll inquire and make sure the issue is resolved as soon as possible.
【翻译】先生，请告诉我您的账号，我会了解并确保尽快解决您所提出的问题。
resolve作动词时，还可以表示“下决心；决定；坚决”；也可用作名词，表示“决心”。
resolver n. 下决心者；溶剂；分解器　
resolvent adj. 分解的；有溶解力的；消散的　
n. 溶剂；分解物；消肿药　
resolve to 决心；解决　
【语言提升】
We must find a way to resolve these problems before it’s too late.
我们必须找到一个办法去解决这些问题，不然就太晚了。
Nothing could weaken his resolve to continue.
什么也不能动摇他继续下去的决心。
You can register your entity resolver on your parser as shown in Listing 4.
您可以将实体解析器注册在分析器上，如“清单4”中所示。
At last, bring forward resolvent of the region protective policy.
最后，对如何消除地方保护政策提出解决办法。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)How can we ______ (resolve) this apparent contradiction
(2)There is no machinery for _______ (resolve) disputes.
【答案】(1)resolve　(2)resolving　
完成句子
(3)He ____________ make himself a somebody.
他决心使他自己成为一个了不起的人物。
(4)He ____________ do better work in the future.
他决定将来更努力地工作。
【答案】(3)resolved to　(4)resolved to　
4．annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气　
(P111)I’m somewhat annoyed with myself recently.
【翻译】最近我有点讨厌自己。
【语言提升】
annoyingly adv. 恼人地；烦人地；令人不快地　
annoy vt. 骚扰；惹恼；打搅　vi. 惹恼；令人讨厌；打搅　
annoyed adj. 恼怒的；烦闷的　
be annoyed with… 被……惹恼……； 对……感到厌烦　
annoyance n. 厌烦；烦人的事　
be annoyed at … 对……烦恼　
You must have found my attitude annoying.
你一定觉得我的态度让人烦。
Try making a note of the things that annoy you.
试着把让你心烦的事记下来。
They became increasingly annoyed that they were being presented with a fait accompli.
他们对面前呈现出一个既成事实越来越恼火。
To her annoyance, the stranger did not go away.
让她厌烦的是，这个陌生人没有离开。
I was annoyed with myself for having so quickly and mindlessly lost thirty dollars.
那么快且愚蠢地丢了30美元，我很生自己的气。
She seems to be annoyed at the boys always calling here.
她似乎对男孩子们老是打电话来感到烦扰。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Much to our __________ (annoy), they decided not to come after all.
(2)He may be naughty and __________ (annoy), but he is a good boy for all that.
【答案】(1)annoyance　(2)annoying　
(3)He certainly kept an __________ (annoying) close watch on me after that.
(4)Susan’s voice still remained calm even if she was getting __________ (annoy).
【答案】(3)annoyingly　(4)annoyed　
完成句子
(5)I _____________ myself for giving in so easily.
我气我自己那么轻易就让步了。
(6)My mum will surely ____________ my carelessness.
我的妈妈肯定会对我的粗心生气的。
(7)On the voyage, the talking toys brought me __________.
在航行中，会说话的玩具给我带来快乐和烦恼。
【答案】(5)was annoyed with　(6)be annoyed at　
(7)joy and annoyance　
5．inconvenience n. 不便，麻烦　
(P28)I quite understand how you feel, sir. I apologise for the inconvenience.
【翻译】先生，我非常理解您的感受。给您带来不便，我深表歉意。
inconvenience n. 不便；不便之处　
v. 使感不便；困扰；给……带来不便　
convenience n. 便利；方便；便利设施　
convenient adj. 方便的； 便捷的　
conveniently adv. 方便地　
【语言提升】
I have already been put to considerable inconvenience.
我已经被添了相当多的麻烦了。
He promised to be quick so as not to inconvenience them any further.
他答应快一些，以免给他们带来更多不便。
Mail order is a convenience for buyers who are too busy to shop.
邮购对于那些没有时间购物的人来说是很方便的。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)A bicycle is often more __________ (convenience) than a car in towns.
(2)The hotel was very __________ (convenient) situated just across the road from the City Reference Library.
(3)For a while, this was a minor __________ (convenience), but now it is starting to get out of control.
【答案】(1)convenient　(2)conveniently　(3)inconvenience　
完成句子
(4)I know that I rely too much on _________________.
我知道我过于依赖便利食品。
(5)This duck walks into a ______________ and asks the clerk, “Do you have any grapes？”　
一只鸭子走进了一家便利店，然后问店员，“你这有葡萄吗？”　
【答案】(4)convenience food　(5)convenience store　
6．detect vt. 发现，察觉(尤指不易察觉到的事物)　
(P111)We detected an error with your account.
【翻译】我们检测到您的账户有误。
【语言提升】
detect用作动词时，还可以表示“探测”。
detection n. 察觉；发现　
detective adj. & n. 刑侦的；侦探　
detector n. 探测器　
We are trying to detect and understand how the climates change.
我们在努力探测并了解气候是怎样变化的。
Their approach is to scan every checked-in bag with a bomb detector.
他们的做法是用炸弹探测器扫描每一个办理了登机手续的箱包。
The detective picked out the words with difficulty.
侦探费力地辨认出这些字。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)If your smoke __________ (detect) is working properly, the red light should be on.
(2)She’s the author of three __________ (detect) novels under the moniker of Janet Neel.
(3) ________(detect) are trying to retrace her movements on the night she disappeared.
【答案】(1)detector　(2)detective　(3)Detectives　
完成句子
(4)Mistakes should be corrected __________________.
错误一经发现，就应立即纠正。
【答案】(4)as soon as (they are) detected　
7．ashamed adj. 内疚的，惭愧的　
(P111)I’m ashamed to admit that I really struggle with myself about playing mobile games.
【翻译】我很惭愧地承认，玩手机游戏真的让我很纠结。
be/feel ashamed to do sth 对做某事感到羞愧　
be/feel ashamed of 为……感到羞愧　
be/feel ashamed of oneself for doing sth 因做某事而自感惭愧
【语言提升】
I was ashamed and appalled at my clumsiness and insensitivity toward her.
我为自己对她如此笨拙和冷漠而感到羞耻和震惊。
He knew full well he’d be ashamed of himself later.
他十分清楚他以后会为自己感到羞愧。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The red rose felt too ashamed _______ (ask) for water from the cactus.
(2)I felt incredibly ashamed of myself for _______ (get) so angry.
(3)You should be ashamed ______ your bad manners.
【答案】(1)to ask　(2)getting　(3)of　
完成句子
(4)We ________________ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
我们常常为自己的缺点、错误和失败感到羞愧。
【答案】(4)are often ashamed of　
8．self-control n. 自制力；自我控制　
(P112)This is where you need to adopt self-control and goal setting.
【翻译】这就是你得控制自己和确定目标的方面。
self-control ability 自制力；自控能力　
self-controlled adj. 有自制力的　
self-controlling n. 自控　
self n. 自我，自己，本身　
self-employed adj. 个体经营的；单干的；自雇的　
【语言提升】
self-motivated adj. 自我激励的　
self-awareness n. 自我意识　
self-confidence n. 自信　
self-conscious adj. 自觉的　
Everyone has to change their attitude to time and improve their self-control ability.
每个人必须改变对时间的看法并提高自我控制能力。
Outwardly, the impression he made was balanced and self-controlled, but in reality he was very insecure; an unstable, tormented personality.
表面看来，他给人的印象是平稳且自制的，但实际上他非常缺乏安全感，性格不稳定且苦闷。
【针对练习】
单词填写　
(1)“This is the most __________ (自私自利的) thing we have ever done，” he said.
(2)Organise some outdoor activities, and improve their ability of ______________ (自立).
【答案】(1)self-interested　(2)self-dependence　
(3)Under the inspiration of my parents and teachers, I regained my ____________ (自信).
(4)Leading a balanced life takes work, reflection, and a great deal of __________ (自我意识).
【答案】(3)self-confidence　(4)self-awareness　
完成句子
(5)They have to change their attitude to money and improve their ____________________.
他们必须改变对金钱的看法并提高自我控制能力。
【答案】(5)self-control ability　
(6)My father, who had always been very ________, became bad-tempered.
我们一直非常自制的父亲变得暴躁了。
(7)To succeed, one has to solve the problem of chance-taking and ________.
成功既是一个抓住机遇的问题，也是一个自我控制的问题。
【答案】(6)self-controlled　(7)self-controlling　
1．(P111)This is the third time I am calling about the same thing.
【翻译】这是我第三次为同样的事情打电话了。
【句式剖析】
“This is the third time …”是“It is/was the first(second, third，…) time＋(that)从句”的变化形式。
◇句式解读
(1)在句型 “It is/was the first(second, third，…)time＋(that)从句”中，从句一般用现在完成时或过去完成时。
(2)如果表示动作正在进行，也可以用进行时态。如果time前有last修饰，此时一般不用完成时态。
【句式提升】
This is the first time she has experienced disappointment.
这是她第一次感受到失望。
This was the first time he had confronted an armed robber.
这是他第一次面对一个持枪劫匪。
It was the first time they had attempted to talk intimately.
这是他们第一次试图私下交谈。
It was the first time in his life that he’d slept out of doors.
那是他有生以来第一次露宿。
This is the last time I pay/I’m paying for you.
这是我最后一次给你付款了。
But, it is the last time we have seen each other at school!　
但是， 那是我们最后一次在学校见到对方。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)This is the last time I ____________ (be) part of these people.
(2)That was the last time we ____________ (speak).
【答案】(1)will be　(2)spoke　
完成句子
(3)Is this the first time that you ________________
这是你第一次乘飞机吗
(4)It ________________ I had set foot on African soil.
那是我第一次踏上非洲大地。
【答案】(3)have flown　(4)was the first time　
2．(P112)This is because the library usually has good studying atmosphere, which will help you concentrate on your work.
【翻译】这是因为图书馆通常有好的学习氛围，那将有助于你集中精力于学习上。
【句式剖析】
because 后面的从句充当表语，即表语从句。
because引导表语从句时，常用句型为：This/That is/was because…， 意为“这是因为……”。
because还可以用于引导原因状语从句。
【句式提升】
It may be because he is too busy.
这可能是因为他太忙了。
You must make allowances for him because he has been ill.
你应该体谅他， 因为他一直病着。
John did not take the job because it was a blind alley.
约翰没有接受那份工作，因为那是一份没有前途的工作。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)The reason I’m here is ___________________.
我来这里的理由是因为我想帮忙。
(2)The reason why I’m late is ___________________.
我迟到的理由是没有赶上公共汽车。
【答案】(1)because I wish to lend a hand　
(2)because I missed the bus　
(3)The reason ___________________ was because he did not take the task seriously.
他之所以犯这样的错误，是因为他没有认真对待这项任务。
(4)Just because ______________, it does not follow that he is good at English.
仅因为他在美国居住过，并不可以推断他的英语一定很好。
【答案】(3)why he made such a mistake　
(4)he has lived in the US　
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写　
1．Her speech showed great __________ (成熟) and humanity.
2．There will come a time when they will have to __________ (谈判).
3．If you __________ (询问) about something, you ask for information about it.
【答案】1．maturity　2．negotiate　3．inquire　
4．Later in the year, she will __________ (分派) them research papers.
5．To __________ (解决) a problem, argument, or difficulty means to find a solution to it.
【答案】4．assign　5．resolve　
6．He had always found his wife’s mother a bit ________ (恼人的). The mother-daughter relationship, meanwhile, was close.
7．If you __________ (监控) something, you regularly check its development or progress, and sometimes comment on it.
【答案】6．annoying　7．monitor　
二、单句语法填空
1．The delay in delivery has put us to great __________ (inconvenient).
2．A ceasefire is an essential precondition for __________ (negotiate).
3．As he heard of it, he hurried forward __________ (inquire) about the details.
【答案】1．inconvenience　2．negotiation　3．to inquire　
4．They’ve promised a thorough __________ (inquire) into the plane crash.
5．“Miss Smith, did you hear me？” the secretary _______ (annoy) asked her.
6．The differences among them ________ (resolve) by consultation last week.
【答案】4．inquiry　5．annoyingly　6．were resolved　
三、完成句子
1．Ross ______________ his question.
罗斯对他的提问很恼火。
2．A contract is prepared ______________ our clients.
我们和客户协商起草了一份合同。
【答案】1．is annoyed at　2．in negotiation with　
3．This is the second time the nice young man _________ me out for a meal.
这是第二次那位好心的年轻人邀请我外出吃饭。
4．She called to ____________ her friend who had been sick.
她打电话询问生病的朋友的健康状况。
【答案】3．has invited　4．inquire after　(共127张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
Period Two　Lesson 1
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的　
B．带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的　
C．房产；所有物；财产　
D．(非正式)尽管如此；至少　
E．离开，启程　
1．The price of property has risen enormously recently. (　　)
2．A great deal of bitter experience had taught him how to lose gracefully. (　　)
【答案】1—2　CB　
3．The old woman with a long red dress had a pleasant face. (　　)
4．The reason for his departure was that he wanted to look after his mother. (　　)
5．Anyhow, I would like to ask you all to take me back. (　　)
【答案】3—5　AED　
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写　
1．__________ v. (使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼→ brother n. (形近词)兄弟　(参考：follow→fellow)　
2．violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的→ __________ n. 暴力行为；暴力　(参考：important→importance)　
3．depart v. 离开；出发→ __________ n. 离开，启程　
(参考：furnish→furniture)　
【答案】1．bother　2．violence　3．departure　
4．pleasant adj. 礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的→ __________ adj. (反义词)令人不快的，不舒服的； 不友善的，不客气的　
5．suspecting adj. 怀疑的→ __________ adj. 无提防之心的，无疑心的　
(参考：necessary→unnecessary)　
【答案】4．unpleasant　5．unsuspecting　
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．Come over here and help me __________ the leftover food.
过来帮我把剩下的食物打包。
【答案】1．pack up　
2．When we _____________ the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops.
当我们抱怨味道难闻时，爸爸说肥料味道越大，庄稼越健壮。
3．Police _________ in connection with one of the attacks.
警方逮捕了与其中一次袭击有关的5名青年男子。
【答案】2．complained about　3．arrested five young men　
4．They are unable _____________ the increasing salt content of the Mediterranean.
他们无法忍受地中海里升高的含盐量。
5．I’m sorry to __________, but could you direct me to the station
很抱歉打扰你，你能告诉我去车站的路吗
【答案】4．to tolerate　5．bother you　
Ⅳ．预备语法(情态动词)　
写出下面各句中黑体词部分情态动词的含义　
1．I think no one can be compared with him in playing basketball. (　　)
2．—Must you interrupt now Can’t you see I’m on the phone
—Sorry sir, but it’s urgent. (　　)
【答案】1．能　2．必须　
3．I should go and visit him this afternoon, but I wonder if I will be free. (　　)
4．—Look! There comes our headteacher.
—That can’t be him. He is in Indonesia. (　　)
5．You mustn’t go out at night alone. It’s dangerous.(　　)
【答案】3．应该　4．不可能　5．绝不能；一定不要　
课文语篇研读
一、阅读理解　
(　　)1．What caused Ma Ming’s neighbours to be driven mad late at night
A．Singing songs.
B．The noise of drumming.
C．Holding parties.
D．Complaints from other people.
【答案】B
(　　)2．One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on his ________.
A．son B．daughter　
C．old parents D．wife　
【答案】A
(　　)3．Where did the writer find Ma Ming to know more about the incident
A．In Beijing. B．In Xi’an.
C．In Guangzhou. D．In Shanghai.
【答案】D
(　　)4．Who spent a Saturday night in a cell at last
A．James McKay. B．Keith Smith.
C．Laurene. D．Ma Ming.
【答案】A
(　　)5．Which of the following is NOT true
A．James McKay is 80 years old.
B．Keith Smith was hit over the head by James McKay with a walking stick.
C．Keith Smith moved into the flat above James McKay about two weeks ago.
D．James McKay is a retired tailor, a keen gardener and a stamp collector.
【答案】D　
二、判断正误　
(　　)1．Ma Ming moved out of his rented flat because of his drumming late at night.
(　　)2．The flat-owner had known Ma Ming’s job before he rented his flat to Ma Ming.
【答案】1—2 TF　
(　　)3．Neighbours weren’t happy even Ma Ming moved out of this neighbour-hood.
(　　)4．In fact, McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person.
(　　)5．Laurene dared not go onto her balcony because there was something scared.
【答案】3—5 FTF　
三、课文语法填空　
Ma Ming, a drummer and bachelor, held parties every night, 1.______ has caused many complaints from his neighbours about 2.________ (lose) of sleep. They say they were being driven mad 3.______ (expose) to such noise. Since he moved into the building, they have 4.______ (rare) got a full night’s sleep.
【答案】1．which　2．loss　3．exposed　4．rarely　
They even couldn’t get 5.______ (relax) or read without plugging their ears. Moreover, one neighbour thinks Ma Ming is 6.______ alcoholic and had a bad influence 7.______ his son. Finally, the local council took action. Ma Ming had to leave his 8.______ (furnish) apartment. His 9.______ (depart) has made his neighbours’ life return 10.______ normal.
【答案】5．relaxed　6．an　7．on　8．furnished　9．departure　10．to　
课堂新知讲练
1．complaint n. 投诉　
(P30)He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.
【翻译】在接到他的邻居们关于扰乱安宁的投诉后，他搬离了自己租用的公寓。
◇词汇拓讲
complaint　n. 怨言；牢骚；抗议；控告；控诉；抱怨；诉苦；发牢骚；控诉状；疾病　
make a complaint about … 对……提出投诉　
complain v. 抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚　
complain to sb about/of sth向某人抱怨某事　
【语言提升】
They argued him into withdrawing his complaint.
他们说服他撤回了投诉。
Eczema is a common skin complaint which often runs in families.
湿疹是一种常见的皮肤病，常会遗传。
My main complaint is that we can’t go out on the racecourse anymore.
我抱怨的主要缘由是我们无法再去外面的赛道了。
In accordance with specific conditions, complaints and claims may be made to the exporter, importer, insurance company or shipping company.
根据具体情况，投诉和索赔可向出口商、进口商、保险公司或运输公司提出。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)People have been reluctant to make formal ____________ (complaint) to the police.
(2)If you can’t get any satisfaction, complain _______ the park owner.
【答案】(1)complaints　(2)to　
完成句子
(3)If you _________________ your holiday, please inform us in writing.
如果你对自己的假期有意见，请以书面形式告知我们。
【答案】(3)have a complaint about　
(4)I wish to _________________ a camera which I bought at your place a week ago.
我要对我一周前从贵处购买的一台照相机提出投诉。
(5)In view of this, I have decided to ________________ your delivery service.
鉴于此，我已决定对您的送货服务正式提出投诉。
【答案】(4)make a complaint about　
(5)make a formal complaint against　
2．cease vt. &vi. 停止，终止，结束　
(P30)We told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property…　
【翻译】我们告诉他应该停止打鼓，否则就搬走……　
cease doing/to do停止做　
cease from doing停止做　
cease也可用作名词，意为“停止”　
ceaseless adj. 不断的；不停的　
ceaselessly adv. 不断地；不停地　
【语言提升】
I must ask you to cease talking against your own comrades.
我必须请求你不要讲自己同志的坏话。
Cease to struggle and you cease to live.
生命不息，奋斗不止。
We worked without cease to get the project finished on time.
我们不停地工作以便按时完成计划。
We are not at rest; we are on a journey — our life is a movement, a tendency, a steady, ceaseless progress towards an unseen goal.
我们不是在休息，我们在旅途中——生命是一种运动，一种趋势，一个稳步、持续的通往一个未知目标的过程。
He, on his chair, scarcely looks at her and smokes ceaselessly.
他坐在椅子上，不怎么看她，只是不停地抽烟。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)You cease ________ (grow) once you stop learning.
(2)There is a __________ (cease) struggle from noon to night.
【答案】(1)growing/to grow　(2)ceaseless　
(3)The papers showed “a __________ (cease) quest by scientists over the centuries…to test and build on our knowledge of humankind and the universe. ”　
(4)The organ works __________ (cease), beating 100,000 times a day, 40 million times a year — in total clocking up three billion heartbeats over an average lifetime.
【答案】(3)ceaseless　(4)ceaselessly　
完成句子
(5)The general ordered his troops _____________.
那位将军命令他的军队停火。
(6)I think and think and ___________________.
我想了又想，一直想个没完。
【答案】(5)to cease fire　(6)cannot cease from thinking　
(7)Everyone hopes that tomorrow’s negotiation ___________ __________.
每个人都希望明天的谈判可以停止这场战争。
【答案】(7)can cease the war　
3．departure n. 离开，起程　
(P30)Ma Ming’s departure has pleased his neighbours.
【翻译】马明的离开让他的邻居们高兴起来了。
depart vi. 离开；起程；违背；偏离　
departed adj. 已故的；过去的，以往的　
departure from 离开；违反；违背　
point of departure 出发点　
departure time 出发时间；撤离时间；起飞时间　
departure date 启程日期；离开日期　
【语言提升】
A computer screen shows arrival and departure times.
电脑屏幕显示出到达和离开的时间。
Such a move would have been a startling departure from tradition.
这一举措原本会是对传统习俗惊人的背离。
Apart from that apartment, the departed department leader was partly partial to this one.
除了那套公寓外，已故的系领导还有点偏爱这一套。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)There are 120 arrivals and ________ (depart) every day.
(2) ________ (depart) from her usual routine, she took the bus to work.
【答案】(1)departures　(2)Departing　
(3)She waited until the last of the guests ________ (depart).
(4)His courage forsook him as he knelt and said a prayer for his ________ (depart) friend.
【答案】(3)had departed　(4)departed　
完成句子
(5)She ____________ the text to tell an anecdote just now.
她刚才脱离课文扯到一段轶事上去了。
(6)I know it is just a _____________ for the next journey.
我清楚这才是另一段旅程的出发点。
【答案】(5)departed from　(6)point of departure　
(7)If your ________________ is not in it, please contact us for other fares and schedules.
如果您的出发日期不在这段时间，请与我们联络有关价钱及时间。
【答案】(7)departure date　
4．vote n. 投票(指行为)；票数　
(P30)We took a vote and came to a resolution.
【翻译】我们投票表决通过了一项决议。
take a vote 投票表决　
vote也可以用作动词，表示“投票；表决”　
vote for 投票赞成　
vote on 就……表决　
vote against 投票反对　
voter n. 选民　
【语言提升】
The turnout was at least 62 percent of registered voters.
至少有62%的登记选民参加了投票。
A proposal to merge the two companies was voted through yesterday.
两家公司合并的建议已于昨日投票通过。
Under Senate rules, the chamber must vote on the bill by this Friday.
根据规定，参议院必须在本星期五以前投票表决此项议案。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He managed to convince ______ (vote) that he was for real.
(2)To attract more users, the mobile app allows users to vote __________ the book they hope to listen to most.
(3)The directors have just __________ (vote) themselves a huge pay increase.
【答案】(1)voters　(2)for　(3)voted　
完成句子
(4)He called all the members together and then they ________________.
他召集所有的会员，然后他们进行了投票。
【答案】(4)took a vote　
5．prejudiced adj. 有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的　
(P30)Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced against him.
【翻译】马明觉得他们对他有偏见。
【语言提升】
be prejudiced against 对……有偏见　
prejudice用作名词时，表示“偏见”　
prejudice还可用作动词，表示“使……有偏见；损害”　
Try not to be prejudiced against anyone just because his taste is different from yours.
不要只因别人与你品味不同就对他怀有偏见。
Her study was not in any way intended to prejudice the future development of the college.
她的研究绝对无意损害该学院的未来发展。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Practising tolerance can serve as the antidote to __________ (prejudiced) and hatred.
(2)The report was held back for fear of _________ (prejudice) his trial.
【答案】(1)prejudice　(2)prejudicing　
完成句子
(3)We should try not to ________________ others.
我们应该尽量不要对别人产生偏见。
【答案】(3)be prejudiced against　
6．remote adj. 偏僻的，偏远的　
(P30)Anyhow, I’m now looking for a remote house on the edge of the city.
【翻译】尽管如此，我正在这个城市的边缘寻找一个偏僻的房子。
remote adj. (时间)遥远的，久远的；(在血统、因果等方面)关系疏远的；远程的，远程连接的；不很友好的，冷漠的；绝少的；微乎其微的 n. 遥控装置；遥控器　
remote control 遥控，遥控装置，遥控操作　
remotely adv. 遥远地；偏僻地；(程度)极微地，极轻地　
remoteness n. 遥远；偏僻；细微；时间久远　
【语言提升】
She was a silent girl, cool and remote.
她是一个沉默寡言的女孩，对人冷漠且孤傲。
I don’t have the remotest idea what you’re talking about.
你在说什么我一点都不懂。
There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive.
他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。
The church is remotely situated on the north coast of the island.
教堂位于这个岛偏僻的北部海岸。
【易混辨析】
distant, far, remote这些形容词都含有“远的”之意。
distant语意最强，强调距离。
far除特殊情况外，侧重长距离；也可用作引申意义。
remote侧重指离中心地有利的地方很远。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We had never seen anything ______ (remote) like it before.
(2)His ________ (remote) made her feel unloved.
(3)The most serious attacks are performed ________ (remote) using only IP connectivity.
【答案】(1)remotely　(2)remoteness　(3)remotely
完成句子
(4)It works by ________________.
它通过遥控工作。
(5)That happened _________________.
那发生在遥远的过去。
(6)They lived in ___________________.
他们住在一个偏僻的山村。
【答案】(4)remote control　(5)in the remote past　
(6)a remote mountain village　
7．pleasant adj. 礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的　
(P31)McKay’s wife, Laurene said that, while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person, he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often.
【翻译】迈奇的妻子劳伦说，迈奇通常是一个平和又友善的人，然而，这次暴力确实是由之前多次被淋湿而逼迫所致。
pleasant sensation 快感　
have a pleasant journey 一路顺风　
pleasantly adv. 愉快地；和蔼地，亲切地；友好地　
pleasantly surprised 惊喜　
pleasantly cool 清爽宜人　
pleasantness n. 愉快；快乐；和蔼可亲　
【语言提升】
Throughout the meal, she was extremely pleasant.
一顿饭吃下来，她都和善极了。
This was a new and pleasant revelation.
这是一个令人愉快的新的启示。
Time wore on pleasantly, and likewise smoothly, on the whole.
总的来说，日子过得很愉快，也很顺利。
Participants were asked to rate the age of the face, the attractiveness of the face, and the pleasantness of the odor.
参与者们被要求评判面容年龄、面部吸引力和气味的好闻程度。
【易混辨析】
happy, glad, cheerful, joyful, merry, delightful, gay, pleasant, nice 这些形容词均含“愉快的，高兴的”之意。
happy侧重感到满足、幸福或高兴。
glad是最普通用词，语气较弱，表示礼貌的惯用语；指乐于做某事或因某事而感到满足，常表示愉快的心情。
cheerful多指因内心的愉快而表现出兴高采烈。
joyful语气较强，强调心情或感情上的欣喜。
merry指精神情绪的暂时高涨，表示欢乐、愉快的心境或情景，侧重充满欢笑声和乐趣。
delightful指能带来强烈的快乐，激起愉快的情感，用于非常愉快的场合。
gay侧重无忧无虑、精神昂扬、充满生命的快乐。
pleasant侧重给人以“赏心悦目”或“愉快的，宜人的”感受。
nice语气较温和，泛指任何愉快或满意的感觉。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)She remembered the __________ (pleasant) of the evening.
(2)“There, sit down, sit down，” said the Rat ______ (pleasant), “and go on with your porridge. ”　
【答案】(1)pleasantness　(2)pleasantly　
完成句子
(3)Spring is a ________________.
春天是一个宜人的季节。
(4)We had ________________.
我们度过了一段愉快的时光。
【答案】(3)pleasant season　(4)a pleasant time　
(5)Spring temperatures are comfortably warm, and fall temperatures are ________________.
春天温暖宜人，秋天凉爽泌心。
【答案】(5)pleasantly cool　
8．recall vi. &vt. 回想，回忆起　
(P31)“It was James’ birthday，” Laurene recalled, “and it was such a beautiful night to enjoy the starry night outside…”　
【翻译】“那时是詹姆斯的生日，”劳伦回忆道，“也是在户外欣赏星空的一个美好的夜晚……”　
recall　v. 记得；回想；回忆起；叫回；召回；提醒；使人想起；使忆起；使想起；回索 n. 召回；记忆；检索率；罢免；回索率　
recallable adj. 可回忆的；可召回的；可撤销的　
【语言提升】
recall to life 使苏醒　
recall sb to life 使某人苏醒　
beyond recall 不可挽回；不能记起　
recall from 从……处召回　
recall to mind 回想起；回忆起；记得　
I can recall stories that my mother told me years ago.
我仍能记得我的母亲多年前给我讲的故事。
Henderson recalled that he first met Pollard during a business trip to Washington.
亨德森记起他是在一次去华盛顿出差的途中第一次与波拉德相识的。
【易混辨析】
memorise, remember, recall, recollect, remind这些动词均有“记忆，记住，回忆”之意。
(1)memorise指有意识地下功夫把某事的整个细节都记在脑子里。
(2)remember含义较广，多指无意识地回忆起往事，也可指通过主观努力去记忆。
(3)recall通常指想方设法回忆已经遗忘之事。
(4)recollect指在记忆中搜索，设法想起一时想不起的事情或人，强调过程。
(5)remind指经某人或某事的提醒而回忆起某件遗忘之事。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He tried ____________ (recall) the layout of the farmhouse.
(2)They were paid only an average worker’s wage and were ____________ (recall) at any time.
(3)“I was so heartbroken when I saw him. I cannot describe it. ” said his elder brother, Xu Linfu, ________ (recall) his first visit there.
【答案】(1)to recall　(2)recallable　(3)recalling　
完成句子
(4)It is a decision ______________.
那是一项无法挽回的决定。
(5)It is said that the young man’s timely first aid _________.
据说那个年轻人及时的急救使她苏醒过来。
(6)I _________________ where I have seen her before.
我想不起来以前在哪儿见过她。
【答案】(4)beyond recall　(5)recalled her to life　
(6)cannot recall to mind　
1．(P30)The flat-owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer, he wouldn’t have rented the flat to him.
【翻译】房东说他如果知道马明是个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。
【句式剖析】
if在此表示“如果”，“he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer”是表示过去的虚拟语气。
◇句式解读
【句式提升】
(1)表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“If＋主语＋动词过去式(be动词用were)，主语＋would/could/might/should＋动词原形”。
If the weather were fine, we would go to Shanghai.
如果天气好，我们就去上海。(事实上天气不好)　
If they had time, they would/could/might go with me.
如果他们有时间，他们就会(可能)和我一起去。
(2)表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“ If＋主语＋had＋动词的-ed形式，主语＋would/could/should/might have＋动词的-ed形式”。
If I had taken his advice, I shouldn’t/wouldn’t/couldn’t have made such a mistake.
如果我按照他的建议去做，我一定不会(不可能)犯这样的错误。
(3)表示与将来事实相反的假设和结果，其句型为“If＋主语＋动词过去式/should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形，主语＋would/could/might/should＋动词原形”。
The glass would break if you dropped it.
杯子摔下来会打破的。(事实上没有摔下来)　
If it should rain, the crops would/could/might be saved.
假如天下雨，庄稼就一定(有可能)会得救。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)If I had read the book, I __________ you about it.
如果我已经读了这本书，我会告诉你关于它的内容的。
(2)If he studied at this school, he __________ the environment around the school very much.
如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会非常了解周边环境。
【答案】(1)would have told　(2)would know　
(3)If he _________ to Harvard University, he would make full use of his time.
如果他上了哈佛大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
【答案】(3)should go　
2．(P30)Getting enough sleep is important for people’s health and, after such a chorus of complaints, we had to take action.
【翻译】获得充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要，而且，在这样一系列的抱怨之后，我们不得不采取行动。
【句式剖析】
“Getting enough sleep”是动词的-ing形式短语，在本句中充当主语。
【句式提升】
动词的的-ing形式是英语中的非谓语动词形式之一，起名词的作用。在动词的-ing形式短语中，动词的-ing形式还保留动词的属性，如可以带有自己的宾语、状语等。
(1)动词的-ing形式作主语的类型：　
①直接位于句首作主语。
Swimming is a good sport in summer.
在夏季，游泳是个很好的运劢。
②用it作形式主语，把动词的-ing形式(真正的主语)后置，其常见的句型为“It＋be＋名词或形容词＋动词的-ing形式”。常用于该句型的名词和形容词有：use, no use, good, no good, a waste of time, useless, senseless, worthwhile等。
It is worthwhile reading the book.
读这本书是值得的。
③用于“There be”句型中。
There is no saying when he’ll come.
很难说他什么时候会来。
④用于No开头的祈使句中。
No smoking in public areas.
公共场所禁止吸烟。
⑤动词的-ing形式的复合结构作主语。
当动词的-ing形式有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动词的-ing形式的复合结构(这时，名词或代词的所有格作动词的-ing形式的逻辑主语)。
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
他们来帮忙对我们是一个很大的鼓舞。
(2)动词的-ing形式作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较：　
动词的-ing形式作主语多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，动词不定式作主语则多用来表示特指或具体动作。试比较：　
If time permits, having a picnic is a good choice.
若时间充足，去野餐是一个很好的选择。
To finish this task will take a long time.
完成这项任务将会花费很长时间。
注意：　
①在“It is no use…” “It is no good…” “It is fun…” “It is a waste of time…”等句型中，通常用动词的-ing形式作真正的主语。
It is no use/good/a waste of time talking about that.
谈论那件事没有用/没有好处/浪费时间。
②在疑问句中，通常用动词的-ing形式的复合结构，而不用动词不定式的复合结构作主语。
Does your saying that mean anything to him
③当句子中的主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，要遵循前后一致的原则，主语和表语在形式上要求统一。
Seeing is believing. (＝To see is to believe. )　
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)There is no __________ (joke) about such matters.
(2)It is no good __________ (learn) without practice.
(3) __________ (walk) is my sole exercise.
(4) __________ (talk) mends no holes.
【答案】(1)joking　(2)learning　(3)Walking　(4)Talking　
完成句子
(5) _______________ is a pleasure.
和你一起工作是一种乐趣。
(6) __________________ is interesting.
爬山很有趣。
【答案】(5)Working with you　(6)Climbing mountains　
(7) _______________ during the rush hour is tiring.
在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(8) __________ photos is prohibited here.
这里禁止拍照。
【答案】(7)Driving a car　(8)Taking　
突 破 语 法
【例句观察】
1．Police had to break up the crowd.
2．I couldn’t trust him anymore.
3．You ought to have been more careful.
4．You don’t have to worry on that thing.
5．She dared not breathe a word of it to anybody.
□观察领悟
【我的领悟】
以上每个句子中都含有情态动词。其中， ________ 和 ______ 是表示过去的意义。have to用于否定句中时，前面要加 __________。
Keys：had to, dared; 助动词　
一、定义　
情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。情态动词要与动词原形一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩。
□情态动词
二、位置　
情态动词通常放在谓语动词之前， 谓语动词前若有hardly, scartely等程度副词时，则置于程度副词之前。在疑问句中， 情态动词则置于主语之前。
I can see e here.
我能看见你，过来吧。
He must have been away.
他一定走了。
How dare you treat us like that!　
你怎能那样对待我们！　
三、用法　
情态动词无人称和数的变化， 情态动词后的动词需用原形，变为否定句时只需在情态动词后面加“not”。 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式， 过去式用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气， 时态性不强， 可用于过去、现在或将来时。情态动词没有被动语态，也没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词等形式。
He could be here soon.
他很快就来。
We can’t carry the heavy box.
我们搬不动那重重的箱子。
She dare not say what she thinks.
她不敢说她所想的。
四、几个重要的情态动词　
1．have to　
have to意为“必须，不得不”，意义与must相近。但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要，有被动接受的意思。have to可用于过去时，没有疑问句形式，其疑问句用must代替，其否定式为don’t have to，表示“不必”。
I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital.
我现在得走了，因为我母亲还在医院。
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.
我弟弟病得很厉害，因此我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)　
The teacher said that there were many mistakes in my test paper, so I had to go over it again.
老师说我的试卷中有很多错误，所以我只好再检查一遍。
You don’t have to go there.
我不必去那里。
2．dare　
意为“敢于”。作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化，主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中，其过去式形式为dared。
—Dare you tell her the truth
—Yes, I dare. /No, I daren’t.
——你敢告诉她真相吗
——是的，我敢。/不，我不敢。
He daren’t admit this.
他不敢承认这件事。
How dare you say I’m unfair
你怎么敢说我不公平呢
3．can/could　
can/could 表示“可以；能够；会；可能”。表示过去有能力时要用could。表示请求时，在口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉。在肯定句中表推测时，通常用could(可能)，但在否定句中表推测时，则用can’t(不可能)。
Two eyes can see more than one.
两只眼比一只眼看得真。
I can speak fluent English now, but I couldn’t last year.
我现在可以流利地说英语了，但是去年不行。
Could the girl read before she went to school
这女孩上学前能识字吗
You mustn’t smoke while you’re walking around in the woods. You could start a fire.
当你在树林里走时请勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。
Could you have her call me back when she gets home, please
当她回家时，您能叫她给我回个电话吗
I wonder if I could just ask you to sign here.
我想知道我是否可以请您在这里签名。
—Could I borrow your dictionary
—Yes, of course, you can.
—No, I’m afraid not/No，you can’t/No，you may not.
——我能借用你的词典吗
——是的，当然可以。
——不，恐怕不行。
4．ought to　
ought to 表示“应该；应当”，也可表示义务或责任，比should语气重；还可用来表示推测。ought to的语气中，含有“按道理应该……”之意(客观推测)。若要反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定，一般用ought to。
You ought to take care of him.
你应该照看他。
—Ought I go now
—Yes, you ought to. /No, you oughtn’t to.
——我现在应该去吗
——是的，你应该去。/不，你不应该去。
You ought to bring the child here.
你应该带那个孩子来这里。
He ought to be home by now.
现在他应该在家里。
完成句子
1．You __________ anything.
你们什么都不敢说。
2．I think I __________ get back to work.
我想我应该重新工作了。
【答案】1．dare not say　2．ought to　
□追踪练习
3．I ____________ my innermost feelings to anyone.
我不能向任何人表达我内心深处的感情。
4．We have ___________ adapt quickly to the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
【答案】3．could not express　4．had to　
5．________ you ______________ the forest
你敢穿过那片森林吗
6．It is the envelope they _________________.
这个是大家都不敢拆开的信封。
【答案】5．Dare; go through　6．dare not open　
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写　
1．Black coffee leaves a _________ (苦的) taste in the mouth.
2．They offered me a job, _________ (打包) boxes in a warehouse.
3．The government is pressing for an early ________ (解决) of the dispute.
【答案】1．bitter　2．packing　3．resolution　
4．I will never __________ (停止) to chase after my dream.
5．He is an extremely __________ (和蔼可亲的) and obliging man.
6．You’re standing near a track as an out-of-control train hurtles towards five ________ (无提防之心的) people.
【答案】4．cease　5．pleasant　6．unsuspecting　
二、单句语法填空
1．It is easier for doctors to treat patients _________ (remote) by the latest technology.
2．_________ (depart) guests are asked to check out by noon.
3．_______ (complaint) seemed to be an everyday occurrence.
【答案】1．remotely　2．Departing　3．Complaints　
4．These few lines disclose the good humour and ________ (pleasant) of this great genius.
5．On the contrary, this knowledge must continually be renewed by __________ (cease) effort, if it is not to be lost.
【答案】4．pleasantness　5．ceaseless　
三、课文原句填空　
1．We _______________ the smell of fish!　
我们很难去掉(身上的)鱼腥味！　
2．He _________________ his ways from now on.
他还承诺从现在开始改变他的方式。
【答案】1．could hardly get rid of　2．has also promised to change　
3．“We told him that he ____________ or __________，” a council member said.
一位委员会成员说：“我们告诉他应该停止打鼓，否则就搬走。”　
【答案】3．ought to cease drumming; leave the property　
4．____________ means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don’t have to do my own washing!　
住在旅馆里就意味着每天有服务员整理床铺，我也不必自己洗衣服！　
【答案】4．Living in a hotel　
5．Instead, Smith ___________ one of his larger tanks over his balcony and both the Mckays and the cake ______________.
然而，史密斯从阳台上倒掉他的一个大鱼缸中的水，将迈奇夫妇和蛋糕都淋了个通透。
【答案】5．emptied; were wet through
6．The flat-owner said if he ______________ that Ma Ming was a drummer，he ________________ the flat to him.
房东说他如果知道马明是个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。
【答案】6．had known; wouldn’t have rented　(共54张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
Period Three　Lesson 2
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．(使)退出(活动、组织等)　
B．激烈地，剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地　
C．坚定地，坚决地　
1．He shook her violently by the shoulders. (　　)
2．“I have to take a grip on myself，” he told himself firmly. (　　)
3．I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. (　　)
【答案】1—3　BCA　
Ⅱ．预备话题素材　
1．Because of his serious illness, Graham began to _________ _________ yesterday.
由于严重的疾病，格雷姆昨天开始剧烈地咳嗽。
【答案】1．cough violently　
2．He stated that all foreign forces would __________ as soon as the crisis ended.
他声明，危机一结束，所有外国军队就会撤退。
3．I ____________ that my experience is adequate to take up this job.
我坚信我的经验足以让我从事这份工作。
【答案】2．withdraw　3．firmly believe　
4．Like any other public servants, police must __________ public demand.
像任何其他公务员一样，警察必须对公众要求作出反应。
5．I just spent a holiday there and would _______________.
我刚在那里度过一个假期，愿意向任何人推荐那里。
【答案】4．respond to　5．recommend it to anyone　
课堂新知讲练
1．violently adv. 激烈地，剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地　
(P112)This means you react more negatively and violently to a situation of conflict.
【翻译】这意味着，对于一个冲突的情景，你以更消极、更暴力的方式作出反应。
◇词汇拓讲
violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的　
violence n. 暴力；行为；暴力　
violently 暴力地；猛烈地；激烈地；极端地　
【语言提升】
Violent sobs racked her whole body.
剧烈的抽泣使她全身抽搐。
They have called for an end to violence.
他们呼吁停止暴力。
Calcium reacts with water but less violently than sodium and potassium do.
钙能与水产生化学反应但不如钠以及钾那么剧烈。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He hates _________ (violent) in any form.
(2)Alex jumped up so __________ (violent) that he overturned his glass of wine.
(3)The passengers felt a __________ (violence) bump as the plane landed.
【答案】(1)violence　(2)violently　(3)violent　
完成句子
(4)She had a __________ in her stomach.
她感到一阵剧烈的胃痛。
(5)We had the misfortune to run into a _____________.
我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。
【答案】(4)violent pain　(5)violent storm　
(6)Everyone present approves that measures should be taken to prevent _________________.
在场的每一个人都赞成应该采取措施防止校园暴力。
【答案】(6)school violence　
2．withdraw vt. (使)退出(活动、组织等)　
(P113)This does not solve any problem and the person who withdraws feels more and more angry with the other person.
【翻译】这不能解决任何问题，而且，那个退让的人会对另一个人更加生气。
withdraw　vt. 抽回；移开；拉开；撤退；撤离；戒毒；退出；撤回；离开；撤销；(从银行)取钱，提款；退股(过去式：withdrew；过去分词：withdrawn)　
withdrawal n. 撤退，收回；提款；取消；退股　
【语言提升】
withdrawable adj. 可抽出的；可更换的；可拆卸的；能够提取的　
withdrawn adj. 沉默寡言的；与世隔绝的　
withdraw money　取钱；提款；取回存款　
withdraw a request　撤回请求；撤回要求　
The stopper is so tight that it can’t be withdrawn.
瓶塞太紧拔不出来。
He reached into his pocket and withdrew a sheet of notepaper.
他把手伸进口袋，拿出一张便签。
Open a savings account that does not charge ridiculous fees to withdraw money.
开立一个取钱时不乱收取费用的储蓄账户。
If you experience any unusual symptoms after withdrawal of the treatment, then contact your doctor.
如果在治疗结束后感到有任何异常症状，请和你的医生联系。
Her husband had become withdrawn and moody.
她的丈夫变得沉默寡言而且喜怒无常。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Mark was __________ (withdraw)and uncontrollable.
(2)He says the voltage tap is located on the ______ (withdraw) part.
(3)By _______ (withdraw) the funding, the government signed the project’s death warrant.
【答案】(1)withdrawn　(2)withdrawable　(3)withdrawing　
(4)I went to the machine to make the __________ (withdraw) and it told me to see someone inside the bank.
(5)The child, ___________ (withdraw) her hand from the grandma, said hurriedly, “Can I go now？”　
【答案】(4)withdrawal　(5)withdrawing　
3．firmly adv. 坚定地，坚决地　
(P113)Well, you should speak clearly and firmly, but you should never shout.
【翻译】嗯，你应该清楚、坚决地说出来，但是不要叫喊。
firm adj. 坚定的；牢固的；严格的；结实的；坚决的；牢牢控制的；坚挺的　
firmness n. 坚定；坚固　
firm 用作副词时，意为“坚定地；坚决地”，其用法十分有限，通常只能与 stand, hold, stay 等少数动词连用，且位于动词之后；而firmly 的用法则十分广泛，且可位于动词之前或之后。另外，firm作名词时，意为“公司；商行”。
【语言提升】
“A good night’s sleep is what you want，” he said firmly.
“好好睡上一晚才是你需要的，”他坚定地说。
Fruit should be firm and in excellent condition.
水果应该硬实且完好无损。
The quick handshake was firm and cool.
那次迅速的握手有力而冷静。
He was a man of intelligence and of firmness of will.
他是个聪明而又意志坚定的人。
Always hold firm to your beliefs.
一直坚守你的信仰。
I firmly believe that it is true.
我坚信那是真的。
They were firmly convinced that they were the rightful owner of the lands.
他们坚信他们是土地的合法主人。
注意：hold firmly 通常用于本义，指“紧紧握住”；而 hold firm 则通常用于引申义，指“坚持(原则、理想、信仰等)”。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The business was soon ______ (firm) built up ing the town.
(2) ______ (firm) need a breathing space if they are to recover.
(3)To that end, we will devote our strength, our resources, and our __________ (firm) of resolve.
【答案】(1)firmly　(2)Firms　(3)firmness　
完成句子
(4)I __________ children should be taught to cooperate rather than to compete.
我坚信应该教育孩子们学会合作而不是互相竞争。
(5)We must ______ the organic unity of strength, sustainability and balanced growth.
我们要牢牢把握强劲、可持续、平衡增长三者的有机统一。
【答案】(4)firmly believe　(5)firmly grasp　
1．(P112)For example, neighbours complain of extremely loud music until very late at night and parents become really angry with their children for spending too much time online.
【翻译】例如，邻居们会抱怨晚上持续到深夜的极大的噪音，父母们会因为其孩子们在网上花费太多时间而生气。
◇句式解读
【句式剖析】
“for spending too much time online”是原因状语；for＋v. -ing形式短语表示原因。
【句式提升】
(1)v. -ing作状语很常见。主要有以下情形：　
①表示时间，在意义上相当于一个时间状语从句。
Having closed the windows，they went out.
＝After they closed the windows, they went out.
Losing her way and not knowing where to go, the old woman met a PLA man.
＝Just at the time when she had lost her way and did not know where to go，the old woman met a PLA man.
②表示原因，在意义上相当于一个原因状语从句。
Being a model League member，he’s active in doing things for others.
＝As he is a model League member，he’s active in doing things for others.
③表示伴随或方式。此类情况一般没有与之相应的状语从句。
Wei Fang sat at the desk，listening to the radio.
The sun shines bright in the sky，giving us light and heat.
(2)用v. -ing作状语还需要注意以下情形：　
①如果v. -ing所示动作一发生，谓语动词的动作立即接着发生，便可直接用v. -ing短语作状语。
Hearing the noise, they immediately stopped talking.
②如果谓语动词所示动作是在v. -ing所示动作进行的过程中发生的，v. -ing短语前面通常用when或while等连词。
Be careful when crossing the street.
While discussing the matter, many students got very excited.
③如果谓语动词所示动作发生在v. -ing所示动作完成之后，可以用v. -ing的完成式构成的短语来表示。
Having cleaned the room, we began to weed the garden.
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1) ________ (live) in a southern city of China, I have never seen such a wonderful snow view.
(2) ________________ (not grow) up yet, you’re not allowed to enter the bars.
【答案】(1)Living　(2)Not having grown　
(3) ________________ (encourage) by the director, the actors performed wonderfully in the play.
(4) __________ (know) the bad news, all of us sat in silence.
(5)The students are sitting in the reading room, ________ (read) all kinds of books.
【答案】(3)Having been encouraged　(4)Knowing　
(5)reading　
完成句子
(6) ________________, he doesn’t want to argue with him.
出于对他父亲的尊重，他不想和他争论。
(7) _______________ the particulars of the change, I had better telephone her to come over.
由于没有记下变化的详细情况，我最好还是打电话让她过来。
【答案】(6)Respecting his father　(7)Not taking down　
(8) __________________ nearly all his money, the employee couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
那位雇员几乎已经花完了所有的钱，没钱住旅馆了。
【答案】(8)Having spent　
2．(P113)The best thing is to repeat what you said in a different way, and then try to find out what the other person wants, and why.
【翻译】最好就是，用不同的方式重复你说过的话，然后努力弄清对方想要什么及其原因。
【句式剖析】
“what you said”和“what the other person wants”都是宾语从句，分别作repeat和find out的宾语。
【句式提升】
在句子中起宾语作用的从句被称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
(1)动词后的宾语从句主要有三种情况：一是动词后面直接带宾语从句；二是有些“动词＋副词”结构后可以带宾语从句；三是动词短语后可带宾语从句。
I hope you can join us in the game.
我希望你能和我们一起参加这场比赛。(动词后面直接带宾语从句)　
Can you figure out what the poet really means in the poem
你能理解诗人在这首诗中的真正用意吗？(“动词＋副词”结构后加宾语从句)　
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在你上交试卷前确保没有错误。(动词短语后加宾语从句)　
(2)介词后的宾语从句　
She is always thinking of how she can do more for others.
她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
(3)形容词后的宾语从句　
I am sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.
我确信尽管天气恶劣，他们也会取得成功。
【针对练习】
单项选择　
(1)Miss Green didn’t tell us ________ in 2002.
A．where does she live B．where she lives　
C．where did she live D．where she lived　
【答案】D　
(2)Would you please tell me ________
A．when did he come home
B．where would he play football　
C．if he had seen the film
D．why he didn’t watch the game　
【答案】D　
(3)I don’t know when __________.
A．will the train leave B．the train will leave　
C．would the train leave D．the train leave　
【答案】B　
(4)—We don’t know ____________.
—It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A．what he is B．if he lives here　
C．where he comes from D．which country is he from　
【答案】C　
完成句子
(5)I don’t think Mary _______________.
我认为玛丽不回来了。
(6)Sam told me that he ______________ for Shanghai.
山姆跟我说他准备去上海。
(7)Could you tell me ________ I can get to the Bell Tower
请你告诉我去钟楼怎么走，好吗
【答案】(5)will return　(6)was leaving　(7)how　
(8)Father said that he __________ a new computer.
父亲说他已经买了一台新电脑。
(9)I want to know ________ there is a train to Beijing tonight.
我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。
(10)Uncle said that he ___________ a new novel.
叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。
【答案】(8)had bought　(9)if/whether　(10)was writing　
随堂知能小练
一、单句语法填空
1．He replied that the UN had passed two major resolutions calling for a complete ____________ (withdraw).
2．A nearby volcano erupted ___________ (violent)，sending out a hail of molten rock and boiling mud.
3．He _______ (firm) believes liberty is inseparable from social justice.
【答案】1．withdrawal　2．violently　3．firmly　
二、完成句子
1．They _________ many valid reasons for not exporting.
他们提出了许多正当理由来反对出口。
2．Many factors ____________ growth retardation in unborn babies.
许多因素可以导致胎儿发育迟缓。
【答案】1．put forward　2．can lead to　
3．The party last night was ______________.
昨晚的聚会是个彻底的失败。
4．His boss often _________ him, sometimes for no reason at all.
他的老板经常骂他，有时毫无理由。
【答案】3．a total failure　4．swears at　
5．Many seabirds died ___________ the oil spill.
许多海鸟死于这次石油泄漏。
6．We are extremely grateful to you for the trouble you have taken ____________.
承蒙鼎力相助，不胜感谢。
【答案】5．as a result of　6．on our behalf　(共116张PPT)
Period Four　Lesson 3
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．暂时的，临时的；短期的　
B．士兵，军人　
C．国界，边界；边境地区　
D．病房　
E．分发，分配，分送　
1．The brave solider tore down the enemy’s flag. (　　)
2．The breakdown in talks represents a temporary setback in the peace process. (　　)
【答案】1—2　BA　
3．The river formed the border between the land of the Saxons and that of the Danes. (　　)
4．He worked as a nurse on the children’s ward. (　　)
5．The relief agency will distribute the food among several countries. (　　)
【答案】3—5　CDE　
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写　
1．general n. & adj. 将军；大体的，总体的→ __________ adv. 大概；总体上　
(参考：natural→naturally)　
2．________ v. 祈求；祈祷→pay v. (形近词)支付；付款　
【答案】1．generally　2．pray　
3．distribute v. 分发，分配，分送→ __________ n. 分配；分销；配送　
4．appreciate v. 欣赏；感激→ __________ n. 感激；感谢　
(参考：illustrate→illustration)　
5．incident n. 事件；事故→ __________ n. (近义词)交通事故，车祸；(不幸的)意外遭遇，不测事件；意外　
【答案】3．distribution　4．appreciation　5．accident
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．When you are in a tight situation, ____________.
形势危急时，不要惊慌。
2．Before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers _____________ handbills on the street.
超市开业前，一些工作人员被派去街上散发传单。
【答案】1．don’t panic　2．are sent to distribute　
3．I ________________ such a chance to go abroad.
我感激被给予了一次出国的机会。
4．I, _________ Tom, am a student who comes from Beijing.
我和汤姆都是来自北京的学生。
5．Peter ________________ his job and decided to quit.
彼得对自己的工作厌烦了，决定撒手不干。
【答案】3．appreciate being given　4．together with/as well as　5．was fed up with　
课文语篇研读
1．Fast-reading　
Scan the text and finish the following exercises.
(1)What does the passage mainly tell us
__________________________________________　
【答案】(1)The passage mainly tells us the different war memories of different people.
(2)Choose the best title for each part.
①A Brave Patient　 ②A Decisive Battle　
③No More Fighting　 ④Village Nightmare　
⑤Feeling Helpless　
Story A．________　
Story B．________　
Story C．________　
【答案】(2)Story A．④　Story B．③　Story C．①　
2．Careful-reading　
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
The whole passage consists of three stories about war. Story A The first one tells a story of Do Chuc, a Vietnamese (1)____ whose two daughters and an aunt were (2)____ by American soldiers. He was wounded in the (3)____, but he was covered by dead bodies and thus, his life was (4)____.

【答案】(1)farmer　(2)killed　(3)leg　(4)saved
【答案】(5)Christmas　(6)soldiers　(7)understanding　(8)peace　
The whole passage consists of three stories about war. Story B The second story took place on (5)____ morning. After a long time of battle, the (6)____ were fed up with the war. So the officers came to an (7)____ that they would celebrate Christmas in temporary (8)____ until midnight.

【答案】(9)hospital　(10)award　
The whole passage consists of three stories about war. Story C The third story happened in a (9)____ about a brave young soldier who didn’t accept the watch as an (10)____.
课堂新知讲练
1．murder n. 谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪　
(P36)mass murder　
【翻译】大屠杀；集体屠杀　
◇词汇拓讲
murder　n. 谋杀，凶杀；杀害；非常困难(或使人不快)的事；让人受罪的事　
v. 谋杀；破坏；彻底击败　
murderer n. 凶手；谋杀犯　
murderous adj. 凶残的，凶杀的　
【语言提升】
like blue murder飞快地，风驰电掣般地，以最快的速度，发疯地　
blue murder (英式英语)大吵大闹　
attempted murder 谋杀未遂　
get away with murder 无法无天；为所欲为　
He was an accessory to the murder.
他是那件谋杀案的从犯。
The newspaper featured the story of the murder.
报纸上刊登了谋杀案的故事。
Police say they’re treating it as a case of attempted murder.
警方说他们正将其作为谋杀未遂案件来处理。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The complexity of the ________ (murder) case overwhelms the detectives.
(2)One of these men may have been the ________ (murder).
(3)Any _______ (murder) action will be severely punished by the law.
【答案】(1)murdering　(2)murderer　(3)murderous　
完成句子
(4)The boys were off down the road ________________.
那些男孩沿着马路飞快地逃走了。
(5)Police have already identified 10 ________________.
警方已经确认了10名谋杀犯罪嫌疑人。
【答案】(4)like blue murder　(5)murder suspects　
2．representative n. 代表，代理人　
(P36)Two of our men then threw their equipment off and climbed out of the trench with their hands above their heads as our representatives.
【翻译】然后，我们的两个人扔掉了他们的武器，手举在头顶上，作为我们的代表，爬出了战壕。
representative adj. 有代表性的；典型的；代表的　
representativeness n. 代表性，典型性　
representatively adv. 典型地　
represent vt. 代表；表现；描绘；回忆；再赠送　
representation n. 代表；表现；描绘　
representational adj. 代表的；具象派的　
【语言提升】
Beijing is a representative Chinese city.
北京是一个典型的中国城市。
Most representatives balloted against the resolution.
大多数代表投票反对这项决议。
The Kitchen God is a deity of Chinese folk belief with its universality and representativeness.
灶神是中国民间信仰中颇具普遍性和典型性的神灵。
The global representativeness and enforcement capabilities of these institutions need to be further strengthened.
这些机构的全球代表性和执行能力需要进一步加强。
The story representatively manifests the cultural meaning.
这个故事典型地体现了此文化意义。
There are two interrelated model forms: the representational form and the organisational form.
有两种相关的模式形式：表征形式和组织形式。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)There are many kinds of museums in China, and here are the most __________ (represent) art museums.
(2)Chinese red usually __________ (represent) happiness, and we believe that it can bring us good luck.
(3)In order to improve the accuracy of model prediction, the training samples should be __________ (representative) prepared.
【答案】(1)representative　(2)represents　(3)representatively
完成句子
(4)The chairman is the _______________ of the company.
董事长为公司的法定代表人。
【答案】(4)the legal representative　
3．distribute vt. 分发，分配，分送　
(P37)Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed a lot.
【翻译】比尔在我们之间发了啤酒，并且我们喝了很多。
distribute 也可表示“散布；分类；区分”。
distribution n. 分布；分配；供应　
distributional adj. 分配的；分发的　
distributive adj. 分配的；分布的；分发的　
distributor n. 经销商；批发商；[电] 分配器；分配者；散布者；[电] 配电盘　
【语言提升】
The teacher distributed the students into four groups.
老师把学生们分成了四组。
These rocks are widely distributed all over this region.
这些岩石广泛分布在这个地区。
Mr Roh’s economic planners sought to achieve a more equitable distribution of wealth.
罗欧先生的经济规划者们力图实现更公平的财富分配。
What they are busy doing is setting up distributional networks.
他们忙着做的是建立好货物分配网络。
【易混辨析】
assign，distribute，divide，allocate这些动词均含“分配，分发”之意。
assign指按照某种原则进行的硬性分配，也不一定是很公平的。
distribute通常指以整体或定量分为若干份来分配。
divide是普通用词，侧重将某物分成若干份分配给他人，当某物一分为二时，含平均分配之意。
allocate主要指金钱、财产、权力或领土等的分配，着重分配的比例和专门用途。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We didn’t understand how difficult it was ______________ (distribute) a national paper.
(2)Does moral desert have nothing to do with ____________ (distribute) justice
【答案】(1)to distribute　(2)distributive　
(3)I’d like to negotiate about the ________ (distribute) plan with you.
(4)Can the ____________ (distribute) handle the products of competitors
(5)Some of the victims are complaining loudly about the uneven ____________ (distribute) of emergency aid.
【答案】(3)distributional　(4)distributor　(5)distribution　
完成句子
(6)Minh, now 37 and a _____________, still talks regularly on the phone with the Kinneys.
明，现年37岁，是一位报纸经销商，仍然定期给金尼夫妇打电话。
【答案】(6)newspaper distributor　
4．general n. 将军；上将　
(P37)The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital.
【翻译】将军来给他颁奖，因为他恰好是进入这个医院的第两万名伤员。
(1)general 作形容词，可表示“全体的；普遍的；总的；正常的；一般的；常规的；大致的；概括性的；笼统的”。
general knowledge 常识　
general manager 总经理　
general election大选，普选　
(2)in general总的来说；一般说来；大体上；整个地　
【语言提升】
(3)generally adv. 通常；普遍地，一般地　
generally speaking 一般而言　
(4)generalise vt. 概括；推广；使……一般化　
generalisation n. 概括；普遍化；一般化　
generalisable adj. 可归纳的；可概括的　
(5)generality n. 概论；普遍性；大部分　
He preferred the general approach.
他较喜欢一般性的处理方法。
I have a general idea of how a car works.
我对汽车如何运行有一个大概的了解。
His general state of health is fairly satisfactory.
他的总体健康状况相当令人满意。
He lived in the general direction of the Central Park.
他住在中心公园方向。
It is generally true that the darker the fruit, the higher its iron content.
水果颜色越深，其铁含量就越高，这通常是正确的。
I’ll start with some generalities and then examine a few specific examples.
我首先进行概述，然后会分析几个实例。
Critics love to generalise, to formulate trends into which all new works must be fitted, however contradictory.
评论家喜欢概括、归纳出所有新作品都必须符合的趋势，不管它们是如何的不符。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)It would be foolish to __________ (general) from a single example.
(2)As women we __________ (general) say and feel too much about these things.
【答案】(1)generalise　(2)generally　
完成句子
(3)He is the ________________ in this company.
他是这个公司的总经理。
(4)I think we need to improve our educational system __________.
我认为我们需要从总体上改进我们的教育体制。
【答案】(3)general manager　(4)in general　
5．incident n. (尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件　
(P37)After this little incident, I went over and took him in my arms.
【翻译】在这个小事件之后，我走过去拥抱了他。
incident　n. 事件；事情；附属特权；附属负担；附属权利；危险事件；暴力事件；冲突；发生；令人激动的事情(复数为incidents)　
adj. 因……易发生的；由……产生的；投于……的；击中的；(光)入射的；附属的　
【语言提升】
incidental adj. 附带的；次要的；偶然的；容易发生的　
incidental expenses杂费；额外开支　
be incidental to伴随……的；附带发生的；为……所易得的　
incidentally adv. 顺便；偶然地；附带地　
incidentals n. 杂费(incidental的复数形式)；附带事件　
They want to find out the cause and effect of the incident.
他们要弄清事件的来龙去脉。
The playing of music proved to be incidental to the main business of the evening.
音乐演奏结果只是当晚主要活动的陪衬。
I didn’t ask you to come. Incidentally, why have you come
我没有叫你来。顺便问一下，你为什么来呢
【易混辨析】
accident，incident，event，happening 这些名词均有“事故，事件”之意。
accident强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。
incident既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变。
event可指任何大小的事件，尤指历史上的重大事件。
happening多指日常生活中发生的一般事件，有时也指偶然发生的事。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The discovery was ______ (incident) to their main research.
(2)The letter mentioned my great aunt and uncle only _______ (incidental).
(3)This still does not include fees, books, supplies, travel, or ________ (incidental).
【答案】(1)incidental　(2)incidentally　(3)incidentals　
完成句子
(4)These diseases ______________ children.
儿童易患这些疾病。
(5)These risks ______________ the work of a firefighter.
这些风险是担任消防员不可避免的。
【答案】(4)are incidental to　(5)are incidental to　
(6)Did you receive my tuition and ________________
你收到我的学费和杂费了吗
(7)They returned ________________.
他们平安无事地回来了。
【答案】(6)incidental expenses　(7)without incident　
1．(P36)Together with other villagers, they were marched a few hundred metres into the village square where they were told to sit.
【翻译】和其他村民们一起，他们走了几百米，来到了村庄广场，被吩咐在那里坐了下来。
◇句式解读
【句式剖析】
“Together with other villagers”意为“和其他村民们一起”。together与介词with连用，意思是“和”“加之”“连同”。
【句式提升】
(1)together with可置于句中，也可置于句末。置于句中时，句子的谓语动词的单复数形式须与主语保持一致。这是所谓的“就远原则”。
The goodwill is being sold together with the shop.
商店连同其商誉一并出售。
She came to dinner together with her boyfriend.
她和她的男朋友一起来用餐。
(2)“就远原则”，即谓语动词的单复数形式要与较远的主语保持一致。当主语后面跟有由but, except, besides, like, with, as well as, no less than, along with, in addition to, rather than, together with等引出的短语时，须遵循“就远原则”。
Everybody except you likes me.
除了你，大家都喜欢我。
The son, as well as his parents, wants to go there.
不但儿子想去那儿，而且他的父母也想去。
Dessert fruit like strawberries and pears is very popular.
像草莓和梨这样的餐后水果是很受欢迎的。
(3)“就近原则”也称“邻近原则”或“就近一致原则”，即谓语动词与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在“人称、数”上保持一致。遵循该原则的有：or, either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also…，not…but…，There be句型等。
What he does or what he says does not concern me.
他的行为或言谈都与我无关。
(4)在倒装句中，谓语动词的单复数形式可与后面第一个主语一致。
In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.
在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Neither you nor I ________ (be) wrong.
(2)Not you but your father ________ (be) to blame.
(3)Neither you nor he ________ (like) cartoons.
(4)There ________ (be) some books and a pen on the desk.
【答案】(1)am　(2)is　(3)likes　(4)are　
完成句子
(5)John，_____________，is to blame.
约翰，而不是他的室友，应该受到责备。
(6)My father，no less than I，________ a baseball fan.
我的父亲不亚于我，也是个棒球迷。
【答案】(5)rather than his roommates　(6)is　
(7)Jim，together with his classmates，_________ the film.
吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。
(8)All the students，including Tom，________________.
所有的学生，包括汤姆都要走了。
(9)No one except/but me ________________ this news.
除了我，没有人知道这个消息。
【答案】(7)has seen　(8)are leaving　(9)knows about　
2．(P37)By the look of them，their trenches were in as bad a state as our own.
【翻译】从他们的外表来看，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。
【句式剖析】
“as bad a state as”意为“和……一样糟糕”。
【句式提升】
(1)“as …as …”的意思是“和……一样”，两个as之间常接形容词或副词的原级，在否定句中，第一个 as 也可换成so。
He doesn’t study as/so hard as his brother.
他学习不如他的弟弟努力。
(2)表示涉及数量或程度，可用“as much＋不可数名词＋as”和“as many＋可数名词复数＋as”。
He doesn’t pay as much tax as we do.
他没我们交的税款多。
(3)可用(not)nearly，almost，just，nothing like，exactly，not quite，half，one-tenth，twice，three times，30 per cent等修饰，并且这些修饰语必须置于第一个as之前，而不能置于其后。
This room is twice as large as that one.
这个房间是那个房间的两个大。
【名师指津】
(1)as…as possible/sb can表示“尽可能地……”。
Please answer my question as soon as possible.
请尽快回答我的问题。
The detective is searching the man as carefully as he can.
那个侦探正在尽可能仔细地搜查那个男子的身体。
(2)“as＋原级＋as＋另一原级”结构，表示某人或某物具有两种不同性质或特点，其意义是“又……又……；既……又……”。
He is as kind as honest.他既诚实又善良。
He was as smart as lovely.他既可爱又聪明。
She is as beautiful as slim.她既漂亮又苗条。
(3)as long as表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
I will stay with you as long as there is a room free.
要是有一间空余的房间，我就留下来陪你。
You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back.
只要你答应归还，你就可以把这书借走。
(4)as soon as表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。
As soon as his mother went out，the boy started to make cards.
他的母亲一出门，男孩就开始制作卡片。
He falls asleep as soon as he hits the pillow.
他头一沾枕头就睡着了。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)I wish I were ____________ you.
但愿我像你一样高。
(2)I hope this year you are ____________ last year.
我希望您今年跟去年一样快乐。
【答案】(1)as tall as　(2)as happy as　
(3)This is _______________ any to spend the night.
有这么个地方过夜就很好了。
(4)My granddaughter is _____________ a little doll.
我的孙女像小洋娃娃一样漂亮。
(5)All the passengers were ordered to leave the train _______.
所有的乘客都被命令尽快离开火车。
【答案】(3)as good a place as　(4)as pretty as　
(5)as soon/quickly as possible　
(6)The room is ____________ a stove.
这屋子热得像火炉一样。
(7)His hand is ____________ ice.
他的手和冰一样凉。
【答案】(6)as hot as　(7)as cold as　
语 言 时 空
【例句观察】
1．Can you help me carry the box upstairs
2．Lucy，please go to my office and bring your exercise book to the classroom.
3．Take an umbrella with you. It’s raining.
4．My teacher asked me to fetch our homework here from her office.
□观察领悟
【我的领悟】
以上句子中分别含有动词carry，bring，take，fetch。如果用中文来表达，都含有“ ________ ”的意思。这在英语中被归纳为“近义动词”，即verbs with similar meanings。
Keys：带来；拿来　
在英语中，很多动词的意思都类似、相近，如talk，say和speak，都可以表示“说；说话”。现在，我们简单地做一些归纳、总结。限于篇幅，以下仅归纳了10组。同时，也请同学们在课后有意识地收集、整理，以丰富、扩大自己的词汇量，从而更有助于英语学习。
□近义动词
1．辨析spend，take，pay和cost　
(1)spend多用人作主语，后接金钱或时间常用于结构：spend…on sth /(in) doing sth。
I spent 15 yuan on this book.
我花了15元买这本书。
(2)take常用于 “It takes sb some time to do sth. ” 句型中。
It takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day.
我每天花半小时骑自行车去上学。
(3)pay多用人作主语，常与for连用，表示“给……付款”。
I paid 15 yuan for this new book.
这本新书花了我15元钱。
(4)cost常用物作主语，表示“花费多少钱”。
This new book cost me 15 yuan.
这本新书花了我15元钱。
2．辨析bring，take，get和carry　
(1)bring指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”，由远及近。
You’d better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.
你最好今天把作业完成，明天将其带到学校来。
May I bring Tom along
我可不可以带汤姆一块来
(2)take指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到” 离说话人较远处，由近及远。
Could you take the book to the classroom I am busy now.
你能否把书拿到教室？我现在很忙。
(3)get指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。
Will you get that book for me
你愿意去把那本书给我拿来吗
(4)carry不强调动作来去的方向，只说明动作方式，表示“背着，扛着，提着，载着”等。
The buses and taxis carry people here and there.
公共汽车和出租车载着人们去各个地方。
3．辨析put on，wear，dress 和in　
(1)put on表示“穿上”，强调穿衣的动作，后接衣服作宾语，代词放中间。
Here is your coat. Put it on，Lucy.
露西，这是你的外套，把它穿上。
(2)wear表示“穿着，戴着”，强调穿戴的状态，后接衣服、帽子等作宾语。
She’s wearing a red hat and a blue jacket.
她戴着一顶红色帽子，穿着一件蓝色夹克。
(3)dress表示“给……穿衣服”，宾语为人。
My mother is dressing herself.
我的妈妈正在穿衣服。
(4)in后多接衣服的颜色，表示“穿着……颜色的衣服”。
The man in black is my father.
穿黑色衣服的那个男人是我的爸爸。
4．辨析look up，look for，find和find out　
(1)look up表示“查找”，后接要查找的内容。
(2)look for表示“寻找”，强调找的动作。
(3)find表示“找到”，强调结果。
(4)find out表示“经过观察和调查，把某事、某物查出来”。
I don’t know the word. Let’s look it up in the dictionary.
我不认识这个单词。咱们查一下词典吧。
I have looked for my English book everywhere，but I can’t find it.
我到处找我的英语书，但我没找到它。
The teacher wanted to find out who had broken the door.
老师想查明是谁弄坏了门。
5．辨析reach，arrive和get　
(1)这三个单词都可表示“到达”，但只有reach是及物动词，其后可直接接地名。
We reached Shanghai at eight on Monday.
在星期一8点，我们到达了上海。
(2)arrive须与in/at连用，arrive in＋大地点；arrive at＋小地点。
We have already arrived in Shanghai.
我们已经到达上海。
They arrived at school at 6:30 yesterday.
昨天他们于六点半到达学校。
(3)get须与to连用，即“get to＋地点”。
I got to the Capital Cinema at 9：00.
我9点到达首都影院。
注意：当表示到达here，there，home时，arrive或get后不要加介词。
6．辨析borrow，lend和keep　
(1)borrow指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西，常与介词from连用，常用结构为：borrow sth from sb借某人某物。
May I borrow some money from you
我能从你那儿借些钱吗
(2)lend指其逻辑主语将东西“借出，借给”别人，常与介词to连用，常用结构为：lend sth to sb把某物借给某人。
Could you lend me some money
你能借给我一些钱吗
(3)keep指“保存”，是延续性动词，可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，而borrow和lend都是非延续性动词。
How long may I keep the book
我能保留这本书多长时间
7．辨析win和beat　
(1)win的宾语是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词。
Our football team won the football game by 3 to1.
我们的足球队以3：1的比分赢得了足球比赛。
(2)beat的宾语则是比赛、竞争的对手，即指人或球队的名词或代词。
Our football team beat theirs by 3 to1.
我们的足球队以3:1的比分打败了他们的。
8．辨析hope和wish　
(1)它们都表示“希望”，其后都可以接动词不定式和宾语从句。
(2)hope接的宾语从句常用将来时态，一般表示能够实现的希望，hope不能接双宾语。
(3)wish接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，表示难以实现的愿望，wish可以接双宾语。
hope to do sth(√)　
hope sb to do sth(×)　
wish sb to do sth(√)　
hope sb sth(×)　
wish sb sth(√)　
I hope to see you again.
我希望能再次见到你。
I wish I could fly like a bird.
我希望我能像鸟儿一样飞翔。
9．辨析look，see，watch和read　
(1)look表示动作，须与at连用才能接宾语，表示“朝……看”，强调看的方向。
Look at this picture carefully.
仔细地看这张图片。
(2)see 强调看的结果。
I can see a big house in the picture.
我能从图片里看到一个大房子。
(3)watch强调“专注地看，仔细观看，注视”，有欣赏的意味，动作要持续一段时间，常用于看电视、看球赛等，也可以用于看电影。
He doesn’t like watching movies.
他不喜欢看电影。
(4)read指阅读，其后一般跟书、报纸、文章等。
My father is reading a newspaper now.
我的爸爸正在读报纸。
10．辨析join，join in和take part in　
它们都表示“参加”。
(1)join　
①指加入某组织并成为其中一员。
When did your brother join the army
你弟弟什么时候参军的
②和某人一起做某事，其结构为：join sb in (doing) sth，结合具体语境，“in (doing) sth”也可以省去。
Will you join us in the discussion
你会加入我们的讨论吗
(2)join in多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。
Come along and join in the ball game.
一起来参加球赛。
(3)take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。
We’ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.
我们将要在暑假期间参加社会实践活动。
请选择合适的词语并以其适当形式完成各组练习　
A组(get，arrive，reach )　
1．—Has your uncle ________ —Not yet.
2．He was the first to ________ to the top of the mountain.
3．Can you ________ the picture on the wall
4．Last night they ________ at a little village and stayed there for a whole night.
【答案】1．arrived　2．get　3．reach　4．arrived　
□追踪练习
B组(beat，win)　
1．I can’t believe that their team can ________ ours.
2．Come on！You must ________ the match.
3．Don’t be nervous. Make sure you will ________.
【答案】1．beat　2．win　3．win　
C组(borrow，lend，keep)　
1．—Can I ________ your dictionary
—Sure. But you can only ________ it for an hour.
2．My bike broke down on the way. A kind old man ________ his bike to me.
【答案】1．borrow; keep　2．lent　
D组(wear，dress，put on)　
1．He ________ a black jacket today.
2．The teacher ________ his hat and went out of the office.
3．The mother ________ the child every day.
【答案】1．wears　2．put on　3．dresses　
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写　
1．I could have _____ (哭泣) thinking about what I’d missed.
2．Anything could have happened in a ________ (病房).
3．We have a beautiful city and we ________ (祈祷) it stays that way.
4．The peace agreement has at least ________ (暂时地) halted the civil war.
【答案】1．wept　2．ward　3．pray　4．temporarily　
5．He did not have any ________ (身份证明) when he arrived at the hospital.
6．He expressed his ________ (感激) for what he called Saudi Arabia’s moderate and realistic oil policies.
7．I opened the box and saw a piece of crystal snowflake and a g______ card with “Happy Birthday” in the blank paper.
【答案】5．identification　6．appreciation　7．greeting　
二、单句语法填空
1．The plan was __________ (general) welcomed.
2．Sarraute’s work combines __________ (represent) with reflexibility.
3．The American model stood out for its unity and its ________ (representative).
【答案】1．generally　2．representation　
3．representativeness　
4．Keep this money for your ________ (incident) expenses.
5．He tried to even out the __________ (distribute) of work among his employees.
6．Within months，a Thai police officer was arrested and convicted of __________ (murder) the jeweller.
【答案】4．incidental　5．distribution　6．murdering　
三、课文原句填空　
1．It was this patient’s second visit to us and this time he’d ______________ — he was ____________ years old.
这是这个病人第二次来到我们这里，而这次他的双腿都被炸没了——他也就才二十几岁。
【答案】1．had both his legs blown off; all-of-about 20　
2．Chuc ___________ the leg and almost unconscious，but he was covered by __________ dead bodies and thus，his life was saved.
杜沙的腿受了伤，几乎不省人事，但他被一堆尸体覆盖，幸存下来。
【答案】2．was wounded in；a pile of　
3．We’d _____________ and during the whole of Boxing Day，we never fired a shot and they the same; each side seemed to be waiting for the other to _____________.
我们建立了一种默契，整个节礼日，我们都没有开过一枪，他们也一样；双方似乎都在等对方先开火。
【答案】3．formed a bond; set the ball rolling　
4．One of the men，speaking in English，said that he had worked in England for some years and that he ______________ ________________ and would be glad when it was over.
他们中的一个人用英语说，他在英国工作过几年，受够了这场战争，如果战争结束，他会很高兴。
【答案】4．was fed up to the neck with this war　(共80张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
Period Five　Writing Workshop
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．禁止，取缔；禁令，禁止　
B．香烟　
C．有利的，有帮助的，有用的　
D．伤害；损害，危害　
E．油炸的，油煎的　
1．My doctor told me that I need to cut down on eating fried foods in order to improve my cholesterol(胆固醇). (　　)
2．He was advised to smoke fewer cigarettes and drink less beer. (　　)
【答案】1—2　EB　
3．It can be beneficial to share your feelings with someone you trust. (　　)
4．I certainly think there should be a ban on tobacco advertising. (　　)
5．To harm a person or an animal means to cause them physical injury，usually on purpose. (　　)
【答案】3—5　CAD　
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写　
1．fry v. 油煎，油炸→ __________ adj. 油炸的；油煎的　
(参考：marry→married)　
2．harm n. 损害，伤害→ __________ adj. 有害的；有损害的　
(参考：help→helpful)　
【答案】1．fried　2．harmful　
3．desire v. 渴望，想要；要求→ __________ adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的　
(参考：move→movable)　
4．conclude v. 作出结论，推断出→ __________ n. 结论　
(参考：persuade→persuasion)　
5．invest v. 投资→ __________ n. 投资；投入　
(参考：equip→equipment)　
【答案】3．desirable　4．conclusion　5．investment　
Ⅲ．预备写作素材　
1．There is ___________ parking cars in this busy street in the city.
这座城市有条禁令，不准在这条繁忙的街上停车。
【答案】1．a ban on　
2．What you did will ____________ between you and her.
你所做的会伤害到你和她的关系。
3．He __________ their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。
【答案】2．harm the relationship　3．concluded from　
4．In fact，music education __________ and important for all students.
事实上，音乐教育对于所有的学生都是有益且重要的。
5．____________，drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases.
此外，饮酒还会导致多种疾病。
【答案】4．is beneficial　5．In addition　
课堂新知讲练
1．cigarette n. 香烟　
(P40)In many countries，there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes.
【翻译】很多国家已经立法禁止烟草产品广告，如香烟。
◇词汇拓讲
cigarette 纸烟；香烟；卷烟　
cigarette case 香烟盒　
cigarette lighter 打火机　
【语言提升】
There is not any cigarette in that box.
那个盒子里没有香烟。
Watching her，I lit a cigarette and said I didn’t think a sense of humour was of any use at the time of being in a tight corner.
我点了一根香烟，望着她说，我认为在陷入窘境的时候幽默感没有什么用。
【易混辨析】
cigar，cigarette，tobacco这些名词均有“烟”之意。
cigar指雪茄烟。
cigarette指纸烟。
tobacco指烟草、烟叶、烟丝。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)The cause of the fire was a _____________.
火灾的起因是一个烟头。
(2) _____________ is responsible for about 90% of deaths from lung cancer.
因患肺癌而死亡者，约90%是吸烟所致。
【答案】(1)cigarette end　(2)Cigarette smoking　
(3)Even the smallest metallic object，whether a nail file or ____________，is immediately confiscated.
即便是最小的金属物品，不论是指甲锉刀还是打火机，都会立刻被没收。
【答案】(3)cigarette lighter　
2．harm vt. 伤害； n. 损害，危害　
(P40)Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health.
【翻译】毋庸置疑，不健康的产品损害我们的健康。
【语言提升】
harm　n. 伤害；损失；损害；坏处；危险　
v. 伤害；不利于；有损于；损害……的健康　
harmful adj. 有害的；能造成损害的　
harmfully adv. 有害地；伤害地　
harmfulness n. 伤害；有害　
harmless adj. 无害的；无恶意的　
harmlessness n. 无害，无害性；无恶意　
do harm to 有害于；有损于　
come to harm 遭受不幸；受到损害　
He would never harm anyone.
他永远不会伤害任何人。
Did the storm do any harm to the corn
风暴损害庄稼了吗
Continuous exposure to sound above 80 decibels could be harmful.
持续暴露于超过80分贝的声音可能造成损害。
The cause and harmfulness of blowout out of control in the oil and gas fields are analysed in this paper.
本文分析了油气田井喷失控的原因和危害。
Although it may look unpleasant，this condition is harmless and usually clears up with regular shampooing.
尽管这可能不好看，但这种情况是无害的，并且经常洗头通常可以消除它。
The right use of power is power based upon harmlessness.
权力的正确用法是基于无害之上。
【易混辨析】
hurt，injure，wound，harm，damage，disable　
这些动词均有“损害，伤害”之意。
hurt是普通用词，较口语化，侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重的伤害。
injure较hurt正式，多用于有生命的事物；既可指损害别人的物品，如伤害别人的健康、外貌、自尊心、名誉等，又可指使别人受伤或东西受损，同时含有受伤害部分暂时丧失功能的意味。　
wound专指对身体的重伤，尤指在战斗中受的伤，强调外部创伤；也可指精神方面的伤害。
harm主要用于有生命的东西，语气略强于injure，指引起严重的痛苦和损伤；有时也用于抽象事物，指造成任何不良后果。
damage通常指对无生命物体的损害，并有降低其价值或破坏其功能等的后果。
disable强调使伤残。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Testers have to be sure that new drugs will not interact __________ (harmful).
(2)The man says the court case will do serious harm __________ his business.
【答案】(1)harmfully　(2)to　
(3)The __________ (harm) effects of caffeine had long been documented in textbooks.
(4)Cell phone companies have been all too eager to stress their products’ ________ (harmless).
【答案】(3)harmful　(4)harmlessness　
完成句子
(5)All dogs are capable of _____________ human beings.
所有的狗都能对人造成伤害。
(6)This experiment _______________ the animals.
这个实验对动物无害。
【答案】(5)doing harm to　(6)was/is harmless to　
(7)The drug is to be reclassified after trials showed it to ________________ previously thought.
试验显示，这种药比先前想象的危害更大，要重新归类。
【答案】(7)be more harmful than　
3．desirable adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的　
(P40)It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food.
【翻译】很明显，限制速食品的电视广告是值得做的。
【语言提升】
desirably adv. 令人向往地；(令人)渴望获得地；合意地；有魅力地　
desirableness n. 满意；愿望　
desirability n. 愿望；有利条件；值得向往的事物；合意(复数 desirabilities)　
desire n. 欲望；要求，心愿　vt. 想要；要求；希望得到……　vi. 渴望　
desire to do sth 渴望做某事　
desire for 渴望；要求　
Prolonged negotiation was not desirable.
拖得很长的谈判是不受欢迎的。
He was imbued with a desire for social justice.
他满怀着寻求社会正义的愿望。
I had a strong desire to help and care for other people.
我有一股强烈的渴望去帮助和关心他人。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Such measures are __________ (desire)，if not essential.
(2)Do not guess other people’s idea __________ (desirable) if you do not have the wisdom and correct judgment drawn from experience.
(3)Sandberg’s first book is suitable for women who desire ____________ (improve) their writing skills.
【答案】(1)desirable　(2)desirably　(3)to improve
完成句子
(4)She ___________ be a dancer but failed.
她强烈渴望成为一名舞蹈家但没有成功。
(5)Everyone has a ____________ success，but not everyone has the courage and determination to pursue it.
每个人都渴望成功，但并不是每个人都有勇气和决心去追求成功。
【答案】(4)had a strong desire to　(5)desire for　
4．conclude vt. 作出结论，推断出　
(P40)To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society.
【翻译】总之，禁止不健康产品的电视广告的法律对社会是大有裨益的。
concluding adj. 最后的；结尾的；结束的　
conclusion n. 结论；结局；推论　
conclusive adj. 决定性的；最后的；确实的；确定性的　
conclusively adv. 最后；决定性地　
conclude with… 以……结束　
in conclusion 总之　
come to a conclusion 得出结论；告终　
draw a conclusion 得出结论；推断　
【语言提升】
So what should we conclude from these data
那么我们应该从这些数据中得出什么结论呢
He had concluded that his beloved career was robbing him of his life.
他得出结论说，他所热爱的事业正在夺走他的生活。
His concluding keynote speech was the highlight of the conference，in my opinion.
依我来看，他结束时的主旨发言是研讨会的重点。
She considers that it is too early to form a definite conclusion.
她认为下确切的结论还为时过早。
Her attorneys claim there is no conclusive evidence that any murders took place.
她的律师们声称没有任何发生过谋杀的确凿证据。
【易混辨析】
infer，deduce，conclude，gather，judge这些动词均含“推断”之意。
infer指从已提供的论据或从已接受的前提出发而推断出的结论。
deduce指有充分根据的推论，也指逻辑学上的演绎。
conclude指得出符合逻辑的结论。
gather指从听到的情况推测、判定。
judge多指经过仔细鉴定或评价之后做出决断。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Let me make just a few __________ (conclude) remarks.
(2)At the ____________ (conclude) of the programme，I asked the children if they had any questions they wanted to ask me.
(3)If you want change in your life to be permanent，strong and ____________ (conclude)，you need a support group.
【答案】(1)concluding　(2)conclusion　(3)conclusive　
完成句子
(4)Let’s _____________ some tips for putting this idea into practice.
让我们来总结一些把这个想法付诸实践的小提示吧。
(5)So what can we ____________ this debate
那么从这场辩论中我们能推断出什么呢
【答案】(4)conclude with　(5)conclude from　
(6)The evening ________________ dinner and speeches.
这个夜晚以晚宴和演讲告一段落。
(7)Over the years I’ve _____________ that she’s a very great musician.
这些年我得出的结论是，她是一位非常伟大的音乐家。
【答案】(6)concluded with　(7)come to the conclusion　
(8) ____________，walking is a cheap，safe，enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
综上所述，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且又随时可以开展的运动形式。
【答案】(8)In conclusion　
(P40)To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society.
【翻译】总之，禁止不健康产品的电视广告的法律对社会是大有裨益的。
【句式剖析】
to conclude意为“总之；总而言之；最后”。不定式作独立成分，表示总结。
◇句式解读
to conclude常用作插入语。
表示“总结”的表达还有：in short，in a word，in brief，all in all，in conclusion等。
【句式提升】
In brief，the world is becoming increasingly interdependent.
简言之，世界正变得越来越需要相互依存。
In a word，that boy has everything that goes to make life precious.
总而言之，那个男孩拥有一切让他的生命变得珍贵的东西。
All in all，at least at this stage，it’s unlikely that online learning will evolve into the dominant form of education.
总而言之，至少在现阶段，网上学习不太可能发展成为教育的主导形式。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1) _______ ______ _______，it had been a great success.
总的说来，那是一个巨大的成功。
(2) ________ ________，it can be a chore.
总之，它可能是一件苦差事。
【答案】(1)All in all　(2)In short　
(3) ______ _______ _______，they don’t think money can buy everything.
总之，他们认为金钱不能买到一切。
(4) ________ ________，the meeting was a disaster.
简言之，那会议糟透了。
【答案】(3)In a word　(4)In brief　
(5) ________ ________，I would like to borrow another ancient saying that “He laughs best who laughs last. ”　
我将用另一句古语来总结这篇文章，即“笑到最后的人笑得最好。”　
【答案】(5)To conclude　
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写　
1．The fire service was called out but it was a ________ (假的) alarm.
2．They are unwilling to ________ (投资) any more money in the project.
3．I believe that life in the countryside is more ________ (有帮助的) for children.
【答案】1．false　2．invest　3．beneficial　
4．They can be cooked in lots of ways such as ________ (油炸的) or hard boiled.
5．Whatever the scientists ultimately ________ (作出结论)，all of their data will immediately be disputed.
6．Her voice helps give the babies the courage they need to leave the area and go some place that’s a more ________ (理想的) home for them.
【答案】4．fried　5．conclude　6．desirable　
二、单句语法填空
1．Romance needs to be created; _______ (desirable) seeking romance also becomes not romantic.
2．They had the foresight ______ (invest) in new technology.
3．We all know that baked or _____ (fry) food may be tasty，but eating too much of them will probably lead to some illnesses.
【答案】1．desirably　2．to invest　3．fried　
4．His only vice(缺点) is to get drunk on champagne after __________ (conclude) a successful piece of business.
5．Smoking is not only ________ (harm) to smokers themselves，but also threatens other people’s health.
6．While a moderate amount of stress can be ________ (benefit)，too much stress can exhaust you.
【答案】4．concluding　5．harmful　6．beneficial　
三、完成句子
1．The technology，____________，could have applications in such fields as military，medicine and public safety.
在我看来，这项技术可以应用于军事、医药和公共安全等领域。
【答案】1．in my opinion　
2．Lung cancer has now overtaken breast cancer __________ death for women in the US.
肺癌现在已经取代乳腺癌成为美国女性的一大杀手。
3．Modern computers can organise ___________________ data very quickly.
现代计算机能迅速处理大量的数据。
【答案】2．as a cause of　3．large amounts of　
4．Research opportunities exist in _____________ areas.
研究机会存在于广泛的领域中。
5．____________，he served as a visiting professor at several American universities.
除此之外，他还是几所美国大学的客座教授。
【答案】4．a wide range of　5．In addition　
6．They also focus on deeper，more important qualities in the match that ________________ society.
他们也关注比赛中所体现的更深层次、更重要的特质，那些有利于社会的特质。
【答案】6．are beneficial to　
写作高效提升
regarding　关于　
complaint from　来自……的抱怨　
be in trouble　处于困境中；带来麻烦　
have a bad influence　产生不良影响　
◎话题词语
take action　采取行动　
be grateful　不胜感激　
look into the matter　调查这个事情　
on the contrary　相反　
expect an early reply　期待尽快答复　
【引人入胜的开头句】
This letter is a complaint concerning the actions of one of your salespersons.
这封信是关于你的一位销售人员行为的投诉。
I am writing to express my dissatisfaction/disappointment/ concern regarding accommodation.
我写信是为了表达对住宿的不满/失望/担忧。
◎话题佳句
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behaviour.
我必须说明，我不满的原因是我的室友不顾他人的行为。
She then said in a rude tone that if I couldn’t find one，it meant that the store didn’t have it，and that I needed to look somewhere else.
然后她用粗鲁的声音说，如果我找不出一件，这意味着这家商店没有它，以及我需要到别处看看。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own. Therefore，I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me，preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible.
我相信你会同意，对我而言，唯一的解决办法就是搬进我自己的房间里。因此，如果你能为我找到一个单间，最好不要在同一栋建筑，但尽可能靠近大学校园，我将不胜感激。
I felt that Ms Wang was rude. I hope that you will look into the matter: I shop frequently at your store and I look forward to a more pleasurable shopping experience next time.
我觉得，王女士很粗鲁。我期望你会调查此事：　
我经常在你们店里购物，我期待着下次会有一次更愉快的购物体验。
【写作任务】
假定你是李华，看过广告你买了某家公司的一种面霜(cream)。广告说这种面霜含有一系列特殊物质，安全、有效，可以消除脸上的斑点(spot)。但你第一次涂在脸上之后的第二天早上，就感到痒(tickle)，像虫子在爬。而且你用得越多，症状越严重。这严重影响了你的工作和生活。请你用英语写一封80词左右的投诉信说明情况，并要求该公司退货、支付医疗费用并严肃调查此事。
◎写作范例
【写作指导】
一、审题　
1．确定体裁：本文为投诉信；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称；
3．确定时态：本文的时态主要应用一般现在时和一般过去时。
二、构思　
第一部分：引出主题，说明投诉原因；
第二部分：详细说出投诉要点，给出具体的信息；
第三部分：说出要求。
【学以致用】
重点短语　
1．抱怨 __________________　
2．一系列的 __________________　
3．去除 __________________　
4．好像 __________________　
Keys：1．complain about　2．a range of/a series of　3．keep … out of　4．as if/as though　
5．意识到 __________________　
6．副作用 __________________　
7．调查 __________________　
8．打算做某事 __________________　
Keys：5．be aware of　6．side effect　7．look into　8．be intended to do sth/plan to do sth　
完成句子
1．在广告中，你们声称：面霜含有一系列特殊物质，安全、有效，可以消除脸上的斑点。
In your advertisement，you claim that the cream has _______ ______ special materials and is ______________，and it can keep the spots out of the face.
Keys：1．a range of；safe and effective　
2．我第一次将其抹在脸上时，是认真按照说明操作的。
_______________ I applied it to my face，I followed the instructions carefully.
3．我感到痒，像虫子在爬。
I felt my face tickling ___________ something were crawling.
Keys：2．The first time　3．as if　
4．我用得越多，症状越严重。
___________ I used it，__________ the symptom became.
5．这种面霜严重影响了我的生活和工作。
The cream ________ my life and work.
Keys：4．The more; the worse　5．greatly affected　
6．我想要退掉这种面霜同时贵公司应为我的治疗支付医疗费用并严肃调查此事。
I want to send back this cream，meanwhile your company should ___________ the cost of medical service for my treatment and ___________ the matter seriously.
Keys：6．pay for; look into　
句式改写　
7．用which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句1　
In your advertisement，you claim that the cream has a range of special materials and is safe and effective，______________.
8．用强调句式改写句5　
_________________ greatly affected my life and work.
Keys：7．which can keep the spots out of the face　
8．It was the cream that　
【参考范文】
Dear Manager，
I’m writing to complain about your awful product “No spot” cream. In your advertisement，you claim that the cream has a range of special materials and is safe and effective，which can keep the spots out of the face.
The first time I applied it to my face，I followed the instructions carefully. To my surprise，the next morning，I felt my face tickling as if something were crawling. And during the following days，the more I used it，the worse the symptom became. And it was the cream that greatly affected my life and work. And I was aware of being cheated.
You have guaranteed that your products are safe and never have you mentioned the side effect. I want to send back this cream，meanwhile your company should pay for the cost of medical service for my treatment and look into the matter seriously. If not，I’m intended to accuse your company.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua　
假定你是一位名叫李明的乘客，你对这次航行不满意，理由有四个：　
1．航空公司把你一个重要的包弄丢了，包内有一份重要文件；
2．飞机迟到一个半小时；
3．飞机上的食物质量很差；
4．机场的服务员态度不好。
请就此事用英语给航空公司写一封投诉信。
◎写作练笔
注意：　
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________　
Dear Manager，
My name is Li Ming. I am a passenger of your airline. I am writing this letter about your service. I am sorry to say that I’m very unhappy about your airline.
Firstly，your airline lost one of my bags in which there is an important file. Secondly，my flight was one and a half hours late. Thirdly，the food on the plane was terrible.
Lastly，I hate to have to say this，but I think that the attendants at the airport were unfriendly and impolite. Honestly speaking，the focus of my complaint is the loss of my bag.
I do hope you can help me find my bag and improve your service.
Yours，
Li Ming　(共24张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
单元词汇预通关
一、中英互译　
1．adv. 激烈地，剧烈地 ________　
2．adv. 坚定地，坚决地 ________　
3．vi. & vt. 打包　n. 包，包裹 ________　
【答案】1．violently　2．firmly　3．pac
4．vt. 伤害；n. 损害，危害 ________　
5．dozen ________　
6．somewhat ________　
【答案】4．harm　5．num. 一打　6．adv. 有点，有几分　
二、选择合适的词，并用其正确形式填空　
动词　
negotiate, inquire, resolve, detect, annoy　
1．The couple ________ their differences and made an effort to get along.
2．We need someone who is practised at ________ business deals.
【答案】1．resolved　2．negotiating　
3．Whenever a customer would ________ about my book, the volunteer would take them over to the shelf and point to it.
4．Financial experts have ________ signs that the economy is beginning to improve.
【答案】3．inquire　4．detected　
assign, plug, cease, arrest, tolerate　
5．My nose was bleeding and I ________ it with cotton wool.
6．He was ________ when customs officers found drugs in his bag.
7．The case has been ________ to our most senior officer.
8．I will not ________ that kind of behaviour in my class.
【答案】5．plugged　6．arrested　7．assigned　8．tolerate
bother, recall, weep, pray, display, request
9．People in the street ________ with joy when peace was announced.
10．New books are ________ in a prominent position on tables at the front of the shop.
【答案】9．wept　10．displayed　
11．She ________ that no one be told of her decision until the next meeting.
12．They went through a lot of trouble for their dinner party, but half the guests didn’t ________ to turn up.
【答案】 11．requested　12．bother　
greet，distribute，withdraw, ban, invest, conclude
13．The books will be ________ free to local schools.
14．She ________ the speech by reminding us of our responsibility just now.
15．She was ________ from driving for two years.
16．The government has _______ heavily in public transport.
【答案】13．distributed　14．concluded　15．banned　16．invested　
名词　
self-control, tank, drummer, complaint, vote, violence, edge, panic　
1．The manufacturers are reported to have received a long list of ________ from dissatisfied customers.
2．The suggestion was approved, with twenty-five ________ in favour, and seven against.
【答案】1．complaints　2．votes　
3．It seems that the attack was a random act of ________.
4．It took all his ________ not to shout at them.
5．He got in/into a ________ that he would forget his lines on stage.
【答案】3．violence　4．self-control　5．panic
property, chorus, departure, tailor, border, civilian, representative, greed　
6．The club does not accept responsibility for loss of or damage to club members’ personal ________.
7．Our ________ was delayed because of bad weather.
【答案】6．property　7．departure　
8．The train crosses the ________ between France and Spain.
9．The bomb killed four soldiers and three ________.
10．We discussed these issues with a senior ________ of the company.
【答案】8．border　9．civilians　10．representative　
mud, midnight, soldier, bomb, general, trench, tobacco, alcohol, cigarette　
11．Workers dug a ________ for gas lines.
12．The car wheels got stuck in the ________.
13．During World War Ⅱ， the British dropped a huge number of ________ on Dresden.
14．The ________ gave the order to advance.
【答案】11．trench　12．mud　13．bombs　14．general　
ward, surgeon, incident, frontier, murder, tax, carpet, ankle, fry, recovery　
15．We’re sorry to hear you’re ill, and wish you a speedy ________.
16．A youth was seriously injured in a shooting ________ on Saturday night.
【答案】15．recovery　16．incident　
17．He has admitted committing several crimes, including two ________.
18．The ________ did everything in her power to save the boy.
19．The nurse bandaged my sprained ________ to keep the swelling down.
【答案】17．murders　18．surgeon　19．ankle　
形容词　
ashamed, bitter, remote, pleasant, prejudiced
1．I was ________ that I’d made so little effort.
2．People in the ________ mountain villages still cleave to(坚持) their old traditions.
3．She learned through ________ experience that he was not to be trusted.
4．It was ________ to sit down after standing for hours.
【答案】1．ashamed　2．remote　3．bitter　4．pleasant　
unsuspecting, temporary, fried, false　
5．The salaries of ________ employees ought to be brought into line with those of permanent staff.
6．Aunt Edie served up a supper of ________ eggs, bacon and tomatoes with bread and butter.
7．He disguised himself by shaving his head and wearing a ________ beard.
【答案】5．temporary　6．fried　7．false　
beneficial, loose, sacred, permanent　
8．There were some ________ wires hanging out of the wall.
9．The eagle is the animal most ________ to the Native Americans.
10．A stay in the country will be ________ to his health.
【答案】8．loose　9．sacred　10．beneficial　
三、一词多义匹配练习　
monitor　A．n. 监督员，核查员，班长　
B．n. 显示器，监视器　
C．vt. 监督；监视；监测，检测　
1．They are employed as monitors to make sure that the organisation works within the law. (　　)
【答案】A　
2．Doctors watched the old man’s heartbeat on a monitor . (　　)
3．Meetings are held periodically to monitor progress on the case. (　　)
【答案】2—3　BC　
四、请根据教材P31的内容，选用合适的短语并以其适当形式填空　
as if, fall onto, fish tank, send over, get rid of, too often, end up, but also, so much, move into　
Smith lives above the McKays. He is a keen gardener，and also a fish collector. Unfortunately, the water he 1.__________ his balcony every day 2.__________ on the McKays’ floor，or 3.__________ ，on the unsuspecting McKays themselves.
【答案】1．sent over　2．ended up　3．too often　
“For the last two weeks，since Smith 4.__________ the flat above us, we dared not go onto our balcony，” said Laurene. She added that it wasn’t only the water 5.__________ their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them, 6.__________ the way he cleaned his 7.__________.
【答案】4．moved into　5．falling onto　6．but also　
7．fish tanks　
“We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly 8.__________ water would come from above that we’d be as wet 9.__________ we had showered with our clothes on! We could hardly 10.__________ the smell of fish！”　
【答案】8．so much　9．as if　10．get rid of　(共40张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
单元要点回顾
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 1．__________ n. (储存液体或气体的)箱，罐
2．__________ n. 房产；所有物；财产　
3．__________ n. 士兵，军人　
4．__________ n. 将军，上将　
5．__________ n. 国界，边境　
6．__________ n. 谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪　
tank　
property　
soldier　
general　
frontier　
murder　
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 7．_________ n. 国界，边界；边境地区　
8．__________ n. 平民，老百姓　
9．_________ n. 泥，烂泥　
10．__________ n. 子夜，午夜　
11．__________ n. 病房　
12．__________ n. 外科医生　
13．__________ num. 一打　
border　
civilian　
mud　
midnight　
ward　
surgeon　
dozen　
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 14．__________ n. 烟叶，烟草　
15．__________ n. 香烟　
16．__________ n. 含酒精饮品；酒　
17．__________ n. 税，税款　
18．__________ n. 地毯　
19．__________ n. 脚踝
tobacco　
cigarette　
alcohol　
tax　
carpet　
ankle　
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 1．____________ adv. 有点，有几分 　
2．__________ vt. 监督；监视；监测，检测　
3．______________ n. 自制力；自我控制　
4．__________ vt. 把……塞住，堵塞；填塞　
5．__________ n. 投票(指行为)；票数　
6．__________ vt. & vi. 停止，终止，结束　
7．__________ n. 齐声；副歌；合唱团
somewhat　
monitor　
self-control　
plug　
vote　
cease　
chorus　
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 8．__________ n. 离开，起程　
9．__________ adv. (非正式)尽管如此；至少　
10．__________ n. 边缘，外围　
11．__________ n. (男装)裁缝　
12．__________ vt. & vi. 回想，回忆起　
13．__________ n. 炸弹　
14．__________ vi. & vt. 祈求；祈祷　
departure　
anyhow　
edge　
tailor　
recall　
bomb　
pray　
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 15．__________ vt. 展示，陈列　
16．__________ vt. 问候，迎接，招呼　
17．__________ adj. 神圣的　
18．__________ n. 贪欲，贪婪　
19．__________ adj. 有利的，有帮助，有用的　
20．__________ adj. 永久的，长久的　
21．__________ adj. 松的；宽大的　
display　
greet　
sacred　
greed　
beneficial　
permanent　
loose　
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 22．__________ n. & vt. 请求，要求　
23．____________ n. 身份证明(文件)　
24．__________ adj. 暂时的，临时的；短期的　
25．____________ adj. 无提防之心的，无疑心的　
26．__________ adv. 确实地　
27．__________ n. 投诉　
28．__________ adj. 礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的　
request　
identification　
temporary　
unsuspecting　
literally　
complaint　
pleasant　
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 29．__________ adj. 有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的　
30．__________ vi. & vt. 询问，打听　
31．__________ n. 成熟　
32．__________ vt. 发现，察觉　
33．__________ vt. 禁止，取缔； n. 禁令，禁止　
prejudiced　
inquire　
maturity　
detect　
ban　
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 34．______ adj. 不正确的，错的；假的，不真实的　
35．_______ vt. & vi. (使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼　
36．_______ adj. 愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的
false　
bother　
bitter　
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 1．___________ vi. & vt. 谈判，协商
→ ____________ n. 谈判，协商　
2．___________ vt. 使恼怒，使生气
→ ____________ adj. 讨厌的，令人气恼的　
3．____________ adj. 内疚的，惭愧的
→ ____________ adv. 不好意思地；惭愧地
→ ____________ adj. 可耻的；不体面的
→ __________ n. 羞耻，羞愧　
negotiate　
negotiation　
annoy　
annoying　
ashamed　
ashamedly　
shameful　
shame　
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 4．__________ vt. 解决
→ __________ n. 解决
→ __________ adv. 坚决地；毅然地　
5．______________ n. 不便，麻烦
→ _______________ adj. 不方便的；麻烦的
→ _______________ adv. 不方便地；麻烦地　
resolve　
resolution　
resolutely　
inconvenience　
inconvenient　
inconveniently　
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 6．__________ vt. 分配，分派，指派(任务)
→ ___________ n. 分配，任务，作业　
7．__________ vt. 警告，警示；告诫
→ _____________ n. 警告，警示；告诫　
8．__________ adj. 偏僻的，偏远的
→ __________ adv. 偏远地；遥远地　
assign　
assignment　
warn　
warning　
remote　
remotely　
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 9．__________ vt. 逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止
→ __________ n. 逮捕者；避雷器　
10．_________ vt. 忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容
→ __________ n. 容忍，忍受　
11．__________ vt. (使)退出(活动、组织等)
→ ____________ n. 退出；撤回　
arrest　
arrester　
tolerate　
toleration　
withdraw　
withdrawal　
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 12．__________ adv. 激烈地，剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地
→___________ adj. 激烈的，剧烈的；凶猛的
→___________ n. 剧烈；激烈；暴力　
13．________ adv. 坚定地，坚决地
→ _________ adj. 坚定的，坚决的
→ ___________ n. 坚定；坚固　
violently　
violent　
violence　
firmly　
firm　
firmness　
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 14．_____________ n. 代表，代理人
→ ____________ v. 代表；代理　
15．____________ n. 感激
→ ____________ v. 感激；感恩；感谢　
16．__________ vi. & vt. 投资
→ ____________ n. 投资；投入　
representative　
represent　
appreciation　
appreciate　
invest　
investment　
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 17．__________ adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的
→ __________ v. 有益于；对……有益　
18．________ n. 炸薯条
→ _________ adj. 油炸的；油煎的　
beneficial　
benefit　
fry　
fried　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 1．come into conflict with …__________________
2．respond with … _________________
3．negotiate with … _____________________
4．be wet through ________________________
5．concentrate on … ________________________
6．ask sb for help ___________________________
7．apologise for … ________________________
和……起冲突　
回复；答复　
和……谈判　
湿透　
集中于……　
向某人请求帮助；向某人求援　
为……而道歉　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 8．全部(地)；充 ____________________
9．被……惹恼；对……感到厌烦
____________________
10．对做……感到羞愧 ____________________
11．与……斗争 ____________________
12．确保；保证 ____________________
13．为……确定一个明确的目标
____________________
in full　
be annoyed with…　
be ashamed to do…　
struggle with…　
make sure　
set a clear goal for…　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 14．拿起；捡起；收拾 ____________________
15．等一下 ____________________
16．be in trouble ____________________
17．be driven mad by ____________________
18．采取行动 ____________________
19．对……有偏见 ____________________
20．在……的边缘 ____________________
pick up　
hold on　
处于困境中；有麻烦　
被逼疯　
take action　
be prejudiced against　
on the edge of…　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 21．hit sb over the head ____________________
22．once too often ____________________
23．in a flash ____________________
24．a large crowd of ____________________
25．respond to … ____________________
26．in a different/same way____________________
27．put forward ____________________
击打某人的头部　
又一次；常常　
刹那间；瞬间；立刻　
一大群　
对……作出反应/回答　
以不同/相同的方式　
提出　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 28．lead to ____________________
29．结果 ____________________
30．即使 ____________________
31．代表某人 ____________________
32．咒骂某人 ____________________
33．by and by ____________________
34．without doubt ____________________
通向；导致　
as a result　
even though　
on one’s behalf　
swear at sb　
不久以后　
毫无疑问　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 35．in the position to do sth____________________
36．come across ____________________
37．come to one’s mind ____________________
38．in surprise ____________________
39．a pile of ____________________
40．stick up ____________________
41．在野外 ____________________
能够做某事　
遇到；偶遇　
想起　
惊讶地　
一堆　
竖起；伸直；突出　
in the wild　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 42．达成谅解；取得谅解 _____________________
43．喧闹；叫喊 ____________________
44．吃得过饱；对……感到厌倦
____________________
45．朝……扔去；扔向 ____________________
46．苏醒；醒来 ____________________
47．或多或少；差不多 ____________________
come to an understanding　
shout across　
be fed up with　
throw at　
wake up　
more or less　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 48．sort of ____________________
49．in the end ____________________
50．result in ___________________
51．bring in _____________________　
52．be beneficial to … _____________________　
53．更进一步 _____________________　
54．不太可能 _____________________　
稍稍；到某种程度　
最后；最终　
导致；结果　
带来；引起　
有利于；有益于　
go further　
much less likely to　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 55．总之 _______________　
56．陷入昏迷 _______________　
57．关掉 _______________　
58．回避；躲开 _______________　
59．be responsible for … _______________　
60．rob sb of sth _______________　
61．as a result of _______________　
62．trip on _______________　
to conclude　
fall into a coma　
turn off　
get away from　
对……负责　
抢劫某人某物　
由于；因为　
被……绊倒　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 63．far too much _______________　
64．get on with
_________________________________________　
65．a limit on … _______________________　
66．for sure _______________________　
太多；太远　
在……获得成功，与……友好相处；继续干　
限制……；对……限制　
确实；毫无疑问地　
知识要点 重点内容
重点词块 67．put up with _______________________　
68．stand up to _________________________　
69．have a hard time
___________________________________________　
70．have nothing to do with … _______________　
容忍；忍受　
经得起；抵抗；勇敢地面对　
度过困难时刻；过得困难；步履艰难　
与……无关　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 1．__________________ I am calling about the same thing.
这是我第三次为同样的事情打电话了。
2．This is __________ the library usually has good studying atmosphere，________________________ _______________________.
这是因为图书馆通常有好的学习氛围，那将有助于你集中精力于学习上。
This is the third time　
because　
which will help you 　
concentrate on your wor　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 3．The flat-owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer，he ______________________ the flat to him.
房东说他如果知道马明是个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。
wouldn’t have rented　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 4．____________________ is important for people’s health and，after such a chorus of complaints，we had to take action.
获得充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要，而且，在这样一系列的抱怨之后，我们不得不采取行动。
Getting enough sleep　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 5．For example，neighbours complain of extremely loud music until very late at night and parents become really angry with their children ____________________ ____________.
例如，邻居们会抱怨晚上持续到深夜的极大的噪音，父母们会因为其孩子们在网上花费太多时间而生气。
for spending too much　
time online　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 6．The best thing is to repeat ______________ in a different way，and then try to find out _____________ _____________，and why.
最好就是，用不同的方式重复你说过的话，然后努力弄清对方想要什么及其原因。
what you said　
what the other　
person wants　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 7．_________________________，they were marched a few hundred metres into the village square where they were told to sit.
和其他村民们一起，他们走了几百米，来到了村庄广场，被吩咐在那里坐了下来。
Together with other villagers　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 8．By the look of them，their trenches were in ___________________ our own.
从他们的外表来看，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。
9．______________，laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society.
总之，禁止不健康产品的电视广告的法律对社会是大有裨益的。
as bad a state as　
To conclude　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 10．________________________________，Terri’s parents still believed that her coma was only temporary.
即使十五年已经过去了，特丽的父母仍然相信，她的昏迷只是暂时的。
Even though 15 years had passed　
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 11．When the harm to the brain is worse and the coma is longer，some patients recover slowly ________ others show little or no progress over a period of years.
当对大脑的伤害越严重，昏迷的时间越长，一些病人的康复时间就很慢；然而，另外一些病人许多年间少有甚至没有康复的迹象。
while　
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 情态动词　
1．This car is important to our family. We would repair it at our expense _______ it break down within the first year.
A．could B．would
C．might D．should　
D　
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 2．Passengers ________ talk to the driver while the bus is moving，because it will take his focus off the road.
A．would not B．must not　
C．may not D．need not　
B　
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 3．I can’t find my purse. I ______ it in the supermarket yesterday，but I’m not sure.
A．should leave B．must have left　
C．might leave D．could have left　
D　(共15张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
美 文 导 入
素养解读：近几年英语高考的突出特点是坚持能力立意，突出对核心素养的考查。下面这篇文章就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开的。文章介绍了与本单元话题紧密相关的认识、分析各种冲突的形式并提出一些有效的解决方法，有助于提高同学们在日常生活中妥善地处理各类矛盾、冲突的能力，从而建立更和谐的人际关系。
主题：人与社会　
学科素养：思维品质　
难度系数：★★★★　
【语篇导读】冲突的存在形式到底是什么？有哪些解决办法呢？针对这些问题，本文将给你答案！　
Ways to Deal with Conflict　
Conflict is a natural part of the workplace. As a manager, you will be looked upon to deal with conflict as it arises. If you are unable or unwilling to, you may lose the confidence of your staff in dealing with difficult situations.
Since conflict is inevitable, what can you do to solve it when it happens
Conflict exists in small and large forms. In addition，conflict may occur between individuals or between groups of people.
There are several ways to effectively deal with conflict. If the conflict is small, you may just want to ignore the conflict. This would be an ideal resolution method for conflict. For example, two co-workers are fighting over who has better office furniture. Since there is no real resolution, ignoring the conflict may be best. You must be careful though the conflict may seem minor but in reality it is not.
Imposing a solution is a popular method of conflict resolution. Imposing a solution is the most authoritarian conflict resolution method — you simply hear both sides and make a decision. Unfortunately, one side may come out unhappy with the resolution.
Negotiation is a method by which you sit the two parties down to negotiate a friendly solution. This method is a popular one used by managers to solve conflicts between two individuals (or by using representatives between two groups).
arise / 'ra z/ vi. 出现；上升；起立
staff /stɑ f/ n. 全体职员
inevitable / n'ev t bl/ adj. 不可避免的
effectively / 'fekt vli/ adv. 有效地；生效地
ideal /a 'di l/ adj. 理想的；完美的
minor /'ma n r/ adj. 不严重的；次要的；较小的
○课标词汇
impose / m'p z/ vt. 强制实行；把(观点、信仰等)强加于
authoritarian / θ r 'te ri n/ adj. 独裁主义的；权力主义的；专制的
look upon 看待；把……看作； 对待
in addition 另外；此外； 而且；加之
fight over 为……争吵
in reality 实际上；事实上；现实中
1．Imposing a solution is the most authoritarian conflict resolution method — you simply hear both sides and make a decision.
○句型精析
分析：这是一个简单句。动词-ing形式短语“Imposing a solution”是句子的主语；破折号后面的“you simply hear both sides and make a decision”是对前面的名词method进行说明，其功能类似于一个同位语从句。
译文：强加一个解决方案是最专制的冲突解决办法——你只需要听取双方的意见，然后做出决定。
2．Negotiation is a method by which you sit the two parties down to negotiate a friendly solution.
分析：这是一个复合句。“by which you sit the two parties down to negotiate a friendly solution”是定语从句，修饰前面的名词a method。“to negotiate a friendly solution”在定语从句中作目的状语。
译文：谈判是一种你让双方坐下来商议一个友好的解决方案的途径。
单元核心素养目标
【语言技能】
掌握情态动词(don’t) have to, couldn’t, ought to, dare not的用法；
熟练运用first, next, then, you should, also来提供解决冲突的建议；
学写一封投诉信；
掌握一些解决与朋友矛盾的方法。
【素养提升】
多方面认识各类矛盾、冲突；
以清醒的态度、有效的方法妥善处理各种矛盾；
与同学、朋友及亲人建立良好的、和睦的人际关系。(共47张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
Period Six　Viewing Workshop
—Check Your Progress
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．康复，痊愈　
B．请求；要求　
C．地毯　
D．松的；宽大的　
E．永久的，长久的　
1．They had entered the country and had applied for permanent residence. (　　)
2．A lot has been done in the recovery of the injured in the past weeks. (　　)
【答案】1—2　EA　
3．We all know that loose clothing gives you greater freedom of movement. (　　)
4．They are likely to respond positively to the president’s request for aid. (　　)
5．The carpet is designed to stand up to a lot of wear and tear. (　　)
【答案】3—5　DBC　
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．It took a long time for him to __________ a bad cold.
他花了很长时间才从重感冒中恢复过来。
【答案】1．recover from　
2．You’d sound a lot more polite if you ____________ in the form of a question.
你如果以问题的形式向对方提出请求就会显得更有礼貌。
3．People can also fall into comas __________ terminal illnesses like cancer and head injuries.
人们也会因为癌症和头部受伤等绝症而陷入昏迷。
【答案】2．make a request　3．due to　
4．_________________ the extension and improvement of primary education is the best weapon against illiteracy.
人们普遍认为，扩展和改善基础教育是消除文盲的最佳武器。
5．He _______________ a simple life.
他习惯了过简朴的生活。
【答案】4．It is generally agreed that　5．is used to living　
课堂新知讲练
1．request n. &vt. 请求，要求　
(P42)What do you think of Emma’s request
【翻译】你认为艾玛的请求怎么样
◇词汇拓讲
request　n. 要求；请求；迫切需要；要求(或请求)的内容；指令；点播的歌曲 v. 请求；要求；请求……做某事　
on request 经请求；一经索求　
request for要求；对……有请求　
at the request of … 应……的邀请；应……的要求　
request from … ……的请求　
【语言提升】
Her request for a donation met with a repulse.
她捐助的请求遭到了拒绝。
By popular request，the chairman was re-elected.
众望所归，主席再次当选。
He refused the request on moral grounds.
基于道德上的考虑，他拒绝了这个请求。
【易混辨析】
ask，beg，demand，require，request，claim　
这些动词均有“要求，请求”之意。
ask为最普通用词，指向对方提出要求或请求，长辈和晚辈、上下级之间都可使用。
beg指恳切地或再三地请求或要求，常含低三下四的意味，也多用于应酬场合。
demand一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。
require强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。
request是正式用词，指非常正式、有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。
claim指有权或宣称有权得到而公开提出的要求。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We most prefer to say yes to the ______ (request) of someone we know and like.
(2)Students ______________ (request) to gather at the rear of the building.
【答案】(1)requests　(2)are requested　
完成句子
(3)Her _________ a little help met with an impolite repulse.
她小小的帮助的请求遭到无礼的拒绝。
(4)The application gets the _____________ the customer along with the locale information.
应用程序从客户处获取请求和场景信息。
【答案】(3)request for　(4)request from　
(5)The evacuation is being organised _______________ the United Nations Secretary General.
应联合国秘书长的要求，该撤离正在进行中。
【答案】(5)at the request of　
2．recovery n. 康复，痊愈　
(P43)Although doctors don’t fully understand comas and the process of recovery，it is generally agreed that a patient’s chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma.
【翻译】尽管医生们并不完全了解昏迷和康复的过程，但是人们普遍认为，病人昏迷越久，康复的机会就越小。
recovery room 手术后的特别病房；康复室　
recoverable adj. 可收回的；可恢复的；可补偿的　
recoverability n. [计] 可恢复性；可回收程度　
recover vt. 恢复；弥补；重新获得　
vi. 恢复；胜诉；重新得球　
【语言提升】
He made a remarkable recovery from a shin injury.
他胫骨伤恢复得相当好。
The mechanism is not designed to be persistent or recoverable.
该机制并没有被设计成可持久化或是可恢复的。
He is recovering from a knee injury.
他的膝关节伤正在痊愈。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The patient made a rapid __________ (recover).
(2)If you decide not to buy，the money you have spent on the survey is not ______ (recover).
【答案】(1)recovery　(2)recoverable　
完成句子
(3)The technology has low cost，high ________ ________ and is simple.
该工艺成本低、回收率高且(工艺)简单。
(4)You will remain in the ______________ until you are completely awake and ready to return home.
你会留在康复室，直到你完全清醒，方可回家。
【答案】(3)recovery rate　(4)recovery room　
3．loose adj. 松的；宽大的　
(P44)You trip on a loose piece of carpet and twist your ankle.
【翻译】你绊倒在一块地毯上，扭伤了脚踝。
【语言提升】
loose adj. 松动的；脱位的；宽松的；放松的；懒散的；散装的；散开的　
n. 前锋散开的打法　
v. 释放；放掉；解开；开火；松；放　
loose作形容词时，意义比较广泛，还可以表示“未予束缚的；未控制的；散放的；散漫的；不拘谨的；不确切的，不明确的”。
on the loose 散漫；逍遥法外　
loosely adv. 宽松地；放荡地；轻率地　
loosen vt. & vi. 放松；松开　
loose up 放松肌肉；信口开河　
looseness n. 松动；松弛；漠然　
Don’t let your dog loose on the beach.
不要让你的狗在沙滩上乱跑。
Why didn’t you tell me she’d been set loose
你为什么不告诉我她已经自由了
Chinese believe that children are loose and need restriction.
中国人认为孩子是自由散漫的，需要约束。
He had lost weight and the suit hung loosely on him.
他体重减轻了，这套衣服穿在身上松松垮垮的。
Many business groups have been pressing the Federal Reserve to loosen interest rates.
许多商业团体一直在施加压力要求联邦储备局放宽利率。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He reached up __________ (loosen) the scarf around his neck.
(2)The play is __________ (loose) based on his childhood in Russia.
【答案】(1)to loosen　(2)loosely　
完成句子
(3)A 400-pound gorilla was still _____________.
一个400磅的大猩猩仍然在逃。
(4)I always need to __________ before giving a speech.
在演讲之前，我总是需要放松一下。
【答案】(3)on the loose　(4)loosen up　
1．(P43)Even though 15 years had passed，Terri’s parents still believed that her coma was only temporary.
【翻译】即使十五年已经过去了，特丽的父母仍然相信，她的昏迷只是暂时的。
【句式剖析】
even though 意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
◇句式解读
【句式提升】
(1)even though 引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利用于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”或“虽然”。
He told supporters not to ease up even though he’s leading in the presidential race.
他告诉支持者们即使他在总统竞选中处于优势也不要松劲。
Even though I didn’t know anybody at the party，I had a nice time.
尽管在聚会上我谁也不认识，我也玩得挺开心。
(2)even though与though或although的意思比较接近，很多时候可以互换　
注意：英语可以说though和even though，但不能说even although。
Even though/Though/Although I felt sorry for his failure in the match，I was shocked by his superb skills.
虽然我为他在比赛中的失败感到遗憾，但我还是被他高超的技术所震惊。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)She had no plans to retire ____________ she is now very comfortably off.
尽管她现在衣食无忧，但她没有退休的计划。
【答案】(1)even though　
(2)Fans must not be downhearted ____________ we lost.
即使我们输了，球迷们也决不能灰心丧气。
(3)The illness was gone ___________ she did not take any medicine.
她没吃药病倒好了。
【答案】(2)even though　(3)even though　
2．(P43)When the harm to the brain is worse and the coma is longer，some patients recover slowly while others show little or no progress over a period of years.
【翻译】当对大脑的伤害越严重，昏迷的时间越长，一些病人的康复时间就很慢；然而，另外一些病人许多年间少有甚至没有康复的迹象。
【句式剖析】
while在此句中用作并列连词，意为“然而；而”。
【句式提升】
while用作并列连词时，表示前后意义的转折或对比。
I went swimming while the others played tennis.
我去游泳，其余的人则去打网球了。
【易混辨析】
but，however，still，yet，nevertheless，while，whereas这些连词或副词均含“但是，可是，然而，而”之意。
but为口语常用词，语气较强，泛指与前述情况相反。
however表示转折关系，语气稍弱于but，连接性也弱一些，因而常作插入语。
still语气强，多用于肯定句或疑问句；指尽管作出让步，采取措施或表示反对，但情况仍然如故，无所改变。
yet常用于否定句，语气比still稍强；指不管作出多大努力或让步，仍达不到预期的结果。
nevertheless指尽管作出完全让步，也不会发生任何影响。
while表示对比，一般可与whereas换用，但程度弱一些。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)You like sports，_____________ music.
你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。
(2)Most digital camera owners are male，___________ film.
大部分数码相机的主人都是男性，而女性偏爱用胶卷。
【答案】(1)while I prefer　(2)while women prefer　
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写　
1．Scientist Mike Augee says that，“This is a ________ (神圣的) site in Australian paleontology(古生物学). ”　
2．Patients were then monitored for up to one year to see if the strategy had any __________ (永久的) effect.
【答案】1．sacred　2．permanent　
3．Our main objective was the __________ (康复) of the child safe and well.
4．The company’s officials did not return a __________ (请求) for comment on the accounts of a much larger accident.
5．There were her small dark feet in ________ (宽松的) sandals firmly planted on the platform below.
【答案】3．recovery　4．request　5．loose　
二、单句语法填空
1．I like my _________ (fry) eggs with soy sauce.
2．Travel expenses will be ____________ (recover) from the company.
3．She fastened the belt ________ (loose) around her waist.
【答案】1．fried　2．recoverable　3．loosely　
4．Once upon a time，in a beautiful mountain inn，there was a ____________ (greed) old innkeeper who was always thinking about money.
5．On 4 November，Depont wrote to him，____________ (request) that he support the revolution.
【答案】4．greedy　5．requesting　
三、完成句子
1．She knew they would ________ her ________ the car.
她知道他们会抢劫她的汽车。
2．He is ____________ and on a life-support machine.
他处于昏迷中，靠呼吸机维持生命。
【答案】1．rob; of　2．in a coma　
3．The police are warning the public that a dangerous criminal is ______________.
警方正在向公众发出警告，一名危险的罪犯在逍遥法外。
4．To suit local needs and customs，housing plans were modified ______________ the communities.
为了满足当地的需要和习俗，住房设计按照社区的要求进行了修改。
【答案】3．on the loose　4．at the request of　
5．Profits have declined ______________ the recent drop in sales.
由于最近销售量滑坡，利润下降了。
【答案】5．as a result of