(共21张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Section C WRITING WORKSHOP & VIEWING WORKSHOP & READING CLUB & ASSESSMENT
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What’s the main idea of the text on page 21
A.Methods to protect the ancient art.
B.The history of the two famous ancient works.
C.The introduction of the two famous ancient works.
D.The technology used in two famous ancient works.
√
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 2 阅读DIGITISING ANCIENT ART课文内容,选择正确答案。
1.What can we know about the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival
A.It was created for the Expo 2010.
B.It was first discovered in the Gobi desert.
C.Some details are animated in the digital painting.
D.You can see the wind blowing through the trees in the original work.
√
2.Which of the following is TRUE about Dunhuang Cave Paintings
A.They have been digitised.
B.They were created 1,500 years ago.
C.The paintings were created in Northern Song period.
D.They were shown at Expo 2010 in Shanghai.
3.Which of the following is NOT the benefit of digitising ancient art
A.It helps to protect the original artworks.
B.It can help us to create more artworks.
C.It allows people to explore the practices of long ago.
D.It makes the art accessible to the world.
√
√
Activity 3 思考分享 提升思维
1.What do you think are the benefits of digitising art
The answer is open.
2.How do you think that ancient art can be digitised
The answer is open.
Activity 4 诵读佳句 学练写作
What’s the author’s idea about digitising ancient art
(1)Digital technology allows today’s artists to express their ideas in ways that ancient artists would not believe possible.
(2)Techniques such as animation and 3D projection make art come alive.
(3)Digitising ancient art allows us to explore the practices of long ago.
(4)It also makes the art accessible to the world while protecting the original artworks for the future.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 5 课文语篇填空
Ancient art doesn’t have to be boring.Technology in the 21st century can help to bring it to life by combining the best of the old and the new.
Walking into the China Pavilion at Expo 2010 in Shanghai,people
1. (amaze) by the sight of a huge digital painting.It was a digitisation of the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival 2. Chinese artist Zhang Zeduan.
were amazed
by
In the digital painting,a lot of these details are animated.Farmers work in their fields;sailors move around on their boats and people eat and conduct business in restaurants.Parts of the background are also animated.You can see the wind blowing through the trees and across the water.These animations
3. (perfect) combine modern technology and ancient art.
Another example is Dunhuang Cave Paintings.Dunhuang Caves,
4. are protected ancient treasures in the Gobi desert in a remote part of Northwest China,5. (fill) with invaluable paintings and sculptures.The good news for art lovers who cannot travel,and for the caves themselves is that scientists have created 6. 360-degree,3D digital projection of the caves.
perfectly
which
are filled
a
Digital technology allows today’s artists 7. (express) their ideas in ways that ancient artists would not believe possible.Digitising ancient art 8. (allow) us to explore the practices of long ago.It also makes the art 9. (access) to the world while 10. (protect) the original artworks for the future.
to express
allows
accessible
protecting
Part 2 Language points
重点单词
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
1. n.位置;地点
2. n.作者,作家
3. adj.了不起的;惊人的
4. n.水手,海员
5. adj.易懂的;易得到的
location
author
amazing
sailor
accessible
识记阅读词汇
6.profile n.
7.fantasy n.
8.series n.
9.policy n.
10.digitise vt.
11.wristband n.
串记拓展词汇
12. adj.想象的,虚构的→ v.想象
13. adj.可选择的;非强制的→ n.选择
14. n.隐私→ adj.隐私的
人物简介;传略
幻想作品
系列
政策,方针
把……转变成数字形式,使……数字化
腕带
imaginary
imagine
optional
option
privacy
private
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-al常加于名词之后构成形容词,例如:
option→optional adj.可选择的,非强制的
exception→exceptional adj.特别的,例外的
person→personal adj.个人的
continent→continental adj.大陆的
region→regional adj.地区性的
emotion→emotional adj.情绪的
重点短语
1.in one’s spare time
2.the unknown world
3.have...in common
4.come alive
5.keep track of
在某人的业余时间
未知世界
与……有共同之处
活跃起来;看上去像真的
记录
基础词汇——语境记忆
要点探究 能力素养全提升
location n.位置;地点
【佳句背诵】The first thing he looked at was his office’s location.[动作描写]
他首先看的是他办公室的位置。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.amazing adj.了不起的
(1)an amazing achievement/discovery/success 惊人的成就/发现/成功
(2)amaze vt.使吃惊;使惊诧
amazed adj.感到惊奇的
amazement n.惊奇,惊异
in amazement惊奇地
to one’s amazement令人惊奇的是
【佳句背诵】To my amazement, he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.[人物介绍]
使我惊奇的是,他竟能凭记忆背诵整首诗。
【即学即练】用amaze的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)The publisher said you would be by his unique way of thinking and skillful writing.
(2)Visitors are often very to hear about the love story in Lijiang.
(3)I feel it that he doesn’t know his grandfather.
(4)The little girl looked at me in .
(5)We were that he agreed so quickly.
(6)I was at his progress.
(7)To my ,he has made great progress.
(8)滑冰是一次奇妙的经历。
Ice-skating is .
amazed
amazed
amazing
amazing
amazement
amazed
amazed
amazement
an amazing experience
2.accessible adj.易懂的;易得到的
(1)be accessible to便于……接近
(2)access vt.进入;使用 n.通道;(使用的)机会,权利
have/get access to使用;接近
【佳句背诵】The program makes learning opportunities more accessible to adults.[社会生活]
这个项目使得成年人有更多的学习机会。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The island is only (access) by ship.
(2)You need a passport to get access the computer system.
(3)Such information is not easily (access).
(4)学生们可以自由地使用阅览室。
Students the reading room.
(5)根据一份联合国的报告,世界上百分之三十的人口喝不到干净的水。
According to a UN report, of the world’s population
clean drinking water.
accessible
to
accessible
have free access to
30 percent
has no access to(共71张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Section B LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
Part 3 Grammar
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What’s the main idea of two passages
A.Different views on the influence of the Internet on friendships.
B.Disadvantages of the Internet for friendships.
C.Advantages of the Internet for friendships.
D.How to build a closer friendship.
√
Activity 2 Read the first blog post “The Internet Harms Friendships”. Write down the general idea and the topic sentence for each argument.
1.General idea: .
2.Argument One: .
3.Argument Two: .
4.Argument Three: .
While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships
Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact
The Internet can make people self-centred
Online relationships may not be what they appear to be
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读教材课文,选择正确答案。
1.What enable(s) people to develop lifelong friendships
A.Social skills.
B.Direct contact.
C.Online communication.
D.Face-to-face communication.
2.Which of the following do both Robert and Cathy agree
A.The Internet helps friendships.
B.The Internet harms friendships.
C.The Internet brings people closer.
D.The Internet makes communication more interesting.
√
√
3.Which of the following can be used to describe online communication according to Cathy
①fun ②brief ③creative ④limiting ⑤interesting ⑥traditional ⑦convenient
A.①⑤⑥⑦ B.①④⑥⑦
C.①②⑤⑥ D.①③⑤⑦
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.Whose opinions do you prefer, Robert or Cathy And why
The answer is open.
2.Do you have friends on the Internet How did you meet each other
The answer is open.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the topic sentences in“The Internet Helps Friendships”.
(1)The Internet makes communication much more convenient.
(2)The Internet has also made communication more fun.
(3)Online communication can actually bring people closer to each other.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 根据教材课文,完成表格。
The Internet Harms Friendships
General idea The Internet can bring people closer together,but it can also
1. friendships.
Three
2. Firstly,talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact—images really cannot 3. a real-life smile or hug.Secondly,the Internet can make people 4. —not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves.
5. ,lots of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.Thirdly,online 6. may not be what they appear to be.
harm
arguments
replace
self-centred
In addition
relationships
The Internet Harms Friendships
The writer’s view Face-to-face communication is the best way to
7. healthy relationships.
maintain
Activity 7 长难句分析 动名词短语作主语
1.According to a parenting expert,Denise Daniels,communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
形式宾语 不定式短语作真正宾语
据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法,通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
2.For example,instead of having proper conversations with their friends,some people are only concerned with their online popularity—How many “likes” did I get How many followers do I have —though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships.
引导让步状语从句 that引导宾语从句
例如,一些人不再和朋友好好地交谈了,他们只关心自己网上的人气——我得了多少个“赞” 多少人关注了我 ——尽管我们知道“赞”或关注者的数量无法与拥有长期而有益的友谊相比。
Part 2 Language points
重点单词
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
1. n.住处
2. vi.订阅,订购
3. adj.最新的;最近的
4. n.账户
5. n.材料;素材
6. vt.按
7. n.按钮
8. n.恩惠;善意的行为
accommodation
subscribe
latest
account
material
press
button
favour
9. vt.确认;证实
10. vi.& vt.递送;传送
11. n.错误;失误
12. vt.& n.伤害,损害
13. n.论点;论据
14. vt.取代;接替
15. n.& vt.拥抱;紧抱
16. vi.专注,专心;集中注意力
17. adj.关切的,关心的
18. adj.有益的;有意义的
19. n.增添;添加
confirm
deliver
error
harm
argument
replace
hug
concentrate
concerned
rewarding
addition
20. n.内容
21. n.基础;基点
22. n.百分比;百分数
23. n.意见;看法;主张
24. vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n.焦点
25. adj.局限的,限制性的
26. adj.简洁的,简明的
27. adj.创造性的
content
basis
percent
opinion
focus
limiting
brief
creative
识记阅读词汇
28.software n.
29.device n.
30.gender n.
31.goods n.
32.shallow adj.
33.trivial adj.
34.maintain vt.
35.smartphone n.
36.tablet n.
37.emoji n.
38.thought-provoking adj.
39.authority n.
计算机软件
设置,装置
性别
商品
肤浅的,浅薄的
没有什么价值的;微不足道的
保持;维持
智能手机
平板电脑;药片;碑,牌
表情符号
发人深省的,令人深思的
权威人士;专家
串记拓展词汇
40. adj.效能高的;强有力的;强壮的
→ n.权力;能力
41. n.现实;真实
→ adj.真实的
42. vt.确保,保证
→ adj.确定的
powerful
power
reality
real
ensure
sure
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
前缀en-加在某些形容词或名词前,构成动词。例如:
en-+able→enable v.使能够
en-+sure→ensure v.确保,保证
en-+large→enlarge v.扩大
en-+rich→enrich v.使富有,丰富
en-+courage→encourage v.鼓励
en-+danger→endanger v.使遭受危险;危及
重点短语
1.mobile device
2.face-to-face contact
3.a parenting expert
4.online popularity
5.compare to
6.not necessarily
7.maintain healthy relationships
8.stay in touch
移动设备
面对面交流
育儿专家
网络人气
与……相比
未必
保持健康的关系
保持联系
9. 订阅;赞同;捐款
10. 支持
11. 帮某人一个忙
12. 关心……
13. 除此之外
14. 关注
subscribe to
in favour of
do sb a favour
be concerned with
in addition
focus on
基础词汇——语境记忆
要点探究 能力素养全提升
1.concerned adj.关切的,关心的
【佳句背诵】We’re concerned about your spiritual welfare.[关心他人]
我们担心你的心理健康。
2.shallow adj.肤浅的,浅薄的
【佳句背诵】His work has been criticized for being imitative and shallow.
[人物评价]
他的作品被批评为抄袭而且肤浅。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.subscribe vi.订阅;订购;同意,赞成;捐款
(1)subscribe to订阅;捐款;同意,赞成
(2)subscriber n.订阅者;用户;捐助者
subscription n.订阅(费)
【佳句背诵】I’ve personally never subscribed to the view that either sex is superior to the other.[观点看法]
我个人从未赞同过一种性别比另一种性别优越的观点。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He subscribed our plan to arrange an activity to strengthen our team spirit.
(2)人们赞同孩子们应该多读书这一观点。
People that children should read more.
(3)图书馆订了哪些报刊
Which journals does the library
(4)很多人向红十字会捐款。
A lot of people have the Red Cross.
to
subscribe to the view
subscribe to
subscribed to
2.latest adj.最新的
late adj.迟到;晚的
later adv.之后;后来
latter adj.后期的;后者的 n.后者
lately adv.最近
【佳句背诵】These are the latest unemployment figures.[观点事实]
这是最新的失业数字。
【即学即练】选词填空/单句写作
latter;late;later;latest;lately
(1)They reached their destination two hours .
(2)She married in life.
(3)Here are Tom and David;the is my brother.
(4)Attention,please!I’ll tell the news about the high-speed train.
(5)Has anything interesting happened
(6)One can travel there by ship or plane.Most people chose the .
(7)最近你注意到什么变化没有
Have you observed
later
late
latter
latest
lately
latter
any changes lately
3.ensure v.保证,确保
ensure=make sure
ensure sth确保某事物
ensure success/safety确保成功/安全
ensure sb sth确保某人某事物
ensure that...确保……
【佳句背诵】I cannot ensure that he will come on time.[观点看法]
我不能保证他会准时来。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换/单句写作
(1)His wife (ensure) that he took all the pills every day.
(2)Father ensures that all the lights are off before he goes to bed.
→Father that all the lights are off before he goes to bed.
(3)已经采取所有必要的措施来确保他们的安全。
All the necessary measures have been taken to .
ensured
makes sure
ensure their safety
4.press v.按;逼迫,催促,督促;压,榨 n.媒体
(1)press sb to do sth催促某人做某事
(2)pressure n.压力
impress vt.打动;留下印象
impression n.印象
express v.表达
expression n.表达;表情;词语
【佳句背诵】Nowadays many young people are under great pressure and often stay up.[社会生活]
如今很多年轻人压力很大,常常熬夜。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He changed his mind under the (press) from others.
(2) (press) by his parents,the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
(3)按这个按钮来开门。
to open the door.
(4)她榨橘子来做橘子汁。
She to make orange juice.
(5)他们催促我们快速做出决定。
They are a quick decision.
(6)会议谢绝媒体采访。
was not allowed to attend the meeting.
pressure
Pressed
Press the button
presses oranges
pressing us to make
The press
5.favour n.恩惠;善意的行为;支持 v.偏爱
do sb a favour帮某人一个忙
ask sb a favour=ask a favour of sb请某人帮忙
return the favour还人情
in favour of支持,赞同
in one’s favour对某人有利
【佳句背诵】The weather is in our favour at the moment.[观点看法]
目前天气情况对我们有利。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Could you do me favour and take these books to the classroom
(2)今天你能帮我个忙并去学校接萨姆吗
Could you and pick up Sam from school today
(3)我能请你帮个忙吗
Can I of you
(4)多谢你帮助我。总有一天我会还你这个人情的。
Thanks for helping me out.I’ll some day.
(5)我姐姐反对我的建议而我的哥哥支持。
My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was it.
a
do me a favour
ask a favour
return the favour
in favour of
6.confirm v.确认;证实
It has been confirmed that...已经证实……
【佳句背诵】It has been confirmed that water is important to the development of life.[观点事实]
已经证实,水对于生命的发展十分重要。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)You’d better call the airline (confirm) your flight reservation a week before you set off for Ottawa.
(2)已经证实是司机的疏忽导致了那场可怕的事故。
it was the driver’s carelessness that resulted in the terrible accident.
(3)这份报告会证实我的话。
The report will .
(4)你能确认一下我们见面的时间吗
Can you when we will meet
to confirm
It has been confirmed that
confirm my words
confirm the time
7.deliver v.递送;传送;发表演讲;接生
(1)deliver sth to sb把某物交给某人
deliver a lecture/speech发表演讲
deliver a baby接生婴儿
(2)delivery n.送货;送信;交付
【佳句背诵】He delivered a large package of books to his younger sister.[人物介绍]
他给妹妹运送了一大包书。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)We have milk (deliver) every day.
(2) (deliver) is free if you book in advance.
(3)Leaflets have been delivered every house.
(4)We were told the pizza would (deliver) in 20 minutes.
(5)Is the pizza for pickup or delivery
delivered
Delivery
to
be delivered
比萨是自取还是送货上门
8.harm v.伤害 n.损害;伤害
(1)do harm to sb/sth=do sb/sth harm对某人/物有害
(2)harmful adj.有害的
harmless adj.无害的
be harmful/harmless to对……有害/无害
【佳句背诵】Reading in the sun is harmful to your eyes.[观点看法]
在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)Reading in bed will often do harm our eyes.
(2)Air pollution is (harm) to our health.
(3)Staying up constantly can harm your health.
→Staying up constantly can your health.
to
harmful
do harm to/be harmful to
9.argument n.论点;论据;争吵,争辩
(1)have an argument with sb和某人争吵
heated argument激烈的争论
win/lose an argument说得过/说不过
(2)argue v.争论;争吵;争辩
argue with sb about/over sth与某人就某事进行争论
argue for/against sth支持/反对某事
【佳句背诵】I find it hard to argue with him about the topic.[观点看法]
我发现很难跟他争论这个话题。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)His (argue) was that public spending must be reduced.
(2)He argued smoking because he thought that it was
(harm) to health.
(3)They were having an argument the waiter about the bill.
(4)这是反对吸烟的有利证据。
This is against smoking.
(5)经过一番激烈的争论,最终做出了决定。
After some ,a decision was finally made.
argument
against
harmful
with
a powerful argument
heated arguments
10.replace v.取代;接替;放回原处
(1)replace...with/by...用……替换……
be replaced with/by被……取代
(2)replacement n.替换;替代品;替代人
【佳句背诵】We’ve replaced the old adding machine with/by a computer. [科学技术]
我们用电脑取代了老式的加法计算器。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should
(replace) with a modern hotel or not.
(2)They have replaced physical labour robots.
(3)As Jack is ill,we have to get a (replace) for him.
(4)课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。
Teachers will never computers in the classroom.
be replaced
with/by
replacement
be replaced with/by
11.concentrate v.专注,专心;集中注意力
(1)concentrate on集中精力于
concentrate one’s attention/efforts/thoughts on 将某人的注意力/努力/思绪集中于
(2)concentration n.专心;专注;注意力
with (great) concentration聚精会神地
【佳句背诵】A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.[观点看法]
开车时驾驶员的注意力要集中在路上。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)You need a lot of (concentrate) to solve the problem.
(2)He sat there,with his attention (concentrate) on the blackboard.
(3)I decided to concentrate all my efforts on (find) somewhere to live.
(4)You should concentrate passing these exams.Then you can have a good rest.
(5)The silence can increase your ability (concentrate).
(6)以前我上课总是昏昏欲睡,没办法集中精力学习。
I used to feel sleepy in class and couldn’t .
concentration
concentrated
finding
on
to concentrate
concentrate on studying
12.rewarding adj.有益的;有意义的
reward vt.& n.奖励;奖赏
reward sb with sth for (doing) sth因为(做)某事用某物奖励某人
in reward for/as a reward for作为对……的回报
【佳句背诵】You deserve a reward for being so helpful.[感谢信]
你帮了这么大的忙,应该得到奖赏。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)We offer him a challenging and (reward) career.
(2)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will
(reward) with success in the end.
(3)The boss decided to reward him his positive attitude towards work.
(4)They rewarded the boy a cake finding the lost dog.
(5)He gave the children some chocolate a reward for their good behaviour.
(6)作为对他勇敢的回报,他获得了一枚奖章。
He received a medal / his bravery.
rewarding
be rewarded
for
with
for
as
in reward for
as a reward for
13.in addition除此之外
(1)in addition 可用于句首、句中或句末,用于句首或句中时,通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
(2)in addition to“除……之外(还)”,是短语介词,后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。
【佳句背诵】In addition to swimming,she likes playing the guitar.[人物介绍]
除了游泳,她还喜欢弹吉他。
【即学即练】短语填空:in addition,in addition to/同义句转换
(1)I can post the letter for you. ,doing some walking does me good.
(2) the names on the list,there are six other people.
(3) the school,the village has a clinic,which was also built with government support.
(4)Besides working as a doctor,he also writes novels in his spare time.
→ working as a doctor,he also writes novels in his spare time.
(5)I don’t really want to go.Besides,it’s too late now.
→I don’t really want to go. ,it’s too late now.
In addition
In addition to
In addition to
In addition to
In addition
14.content n.内容;目录;所装物品;所容纳之物 adj.满意的
be content with 对……满意
【佳句背诵】Don’t be content with such small success.[观点看法]
不要满足于这样小的成功。
【即学即练】一词多义/同义句转换
(1)It is my habit to read the contents of a book first.
(2)He doesn’t want more;he is content with what he has.
(3)Fire has caused serious damage to the contents of the building.
(4)The content of the course depends on what the students would like to learn.
(5)He is quite content with the result.
→He is quite (satisfy) with the result.
目录
满意的
所装物品;所容纳之物
内容
satisfied
15.focus v.给予某物关注 n.焦点
(1)focus one’s attention/thoughts/minds/eyes on...集中注意力/思想/精力/目光于……
the focus of attention关注的焦点
(2)focused adj.注意力集中的;专注的
(3)近义词:concentrate
【佳句背诵】His strange behaviour made him the focus of attention.[人物介绍]
他奇怪的行为使他成了关注的焦点。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The old man stood there,with his eyes (focus) on the picture.
(2)You’d better stay (focus) in class.
(3)The discussion focuses three main problems.
(4)请把你的注意力集中在下面的问题上。
Please the following problem.
(5)当前,他是关注的焦点。
At present,he is attention.
focused
focused
on
focus your attention on
the focus of
16.limiting adj.局限的,限制性的
(1)limited adj.有限的
limitless adj.无限的
(2)limit n.& vt.限制
a time limit 时间限制
an age limit 年龄限制
the speed limit 限速
a limit to ……的限度
set limits on 对……进行限制
limit...to... 将……限制在……范围内
【佳句背诵】A lack of formal education will limit your job opportunities.[观点看法]
缺少正规教育会限制你就业的机会。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Hurry up!Our time is (limit).
(2)My husband and I were excited about shopping for our new home.But our money was (limit).
(3)We have only three tickets available for the movie.So I have to limit the number of the children three—just three.
(4)他对自己吸烟进行了限制,他限制自己每天只吸一支烟。
He set limits his smoking,and he limited himself only one cigarette one day.
limited
limited
to
on
to
(5)许多人往往认为我们的自然资源是无限的,而事实上是有限的。
Many people tend to think that our natural resources are ,but in fact they are .
(6)地震之后,他们分享有限的食物。
They shared the after the earthquake.
(7)我们能忍受的疼痛是有限度的。
There is the amount of pain we can bear.
limitless
limited
limited food
a limit to
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
maintain
A.vt.维持;保持 B.vt.维修;保养 C.v.坚持(意见);固执己见 D.vt.供养;抚养
①The house is large and difficult to maintain.
②He has maintained that the money was donated for international purposes.
③Her income was barely enough to maintain one child, let alone three.
④The two countries have always maintained close relations.
B
C
D
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
press
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. Lily pressed the switch and plunged the room into darkness.
生义 v. I don’t want to press you,but shouldn’t you be leaving
v. Look at your folded shirt.You need to press it with an iron.
n. The majority of the press support the government’s foreign policy.
按;压
一再劝说;敦促,催促
熨烫
报界;新闻界;记者们
重点句式——多维剖析
1.it作形式宾语
【教材原句】According to a parenting expert,Denise Daniels,communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯说,通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
分析句子结构可知,本句的主语是communicating through a screen,makes是谓语动词,more difficult是宾语补足语,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式to concentrate or show kindness to others。构成“v.(make/find/think/consider)+ it + adj./n.+for sb to do sth”这一句型。
【佳句背诵】The dusty air makes it difficult for us to get a clear picture of space.[宇宙探索]
布满灰尘的空气使得我们难以获得太空的清晰图像。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)I find necessary to learn English well.
(2)Don’t you think it stupid (miss) such a good opportunity
(3)What he said made it difficult him to find any help from others.
(4)科学和技术的发展使得太空旅行成为可能。
it
to miss
for
The development of science and technology has made it possible to travel in space.
2.强调句
【教材原句】It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.
正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。
(1)强调句通常强调主语、宾语、状语,可以强调单个词、短语或从句。it本身没有实义。
(2)在强调句结构中,如果把It is/was和that/who去掉,句子成分依然完整,有时需要调整一下语序。
(3)强调句中be动词的形式只有两种:is和was。
(4)被强调部分指人,连词可用that或who,其他情况只能用that。
(5)若被强调部分为主语,that或who之后动词的人称和数与被强调的主语一致。
(6)not...until结构用于强调句中的结构为It is/was not until...that...“直到……才……”。
【佳句背诵】It was in this town that he was brought up.[个人经历]
他是在这个小镇被养大的。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1) is imagination that makes the world colourful.
(2)John’s success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work
has made him what he is today.
(3)It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
(4)巴赫死于1750年,但直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被承认。
Bach died in 1750,but the early 19th century
his musical gift was fully recognized.
(5)是文化而非语言使他难以适应新环境。
, made it hard for him to get used to the new environment.
It
that
that
it was not until
that
It was the culture
rather than the language that
3.no matter where引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.
你可以和朋友保持联系,不管你在哪里或你在做什么。
no matter where...和no matter what...
引导让步状语从句,可以变为wherever和whatever。具有类似用法的词有whoever “无论是谁”;whichever“无论哪一个”;however “无论如何”; whenever “无论何时”。
【佳句背诵】You should keep calm no matter what/whatever happens.[观点看法]
无论发生什么事情,你都应该保持镇静。
【即学即练】选词填空/单句写作
where,who,what,which,when,how
(1)No matter she does,her efforts to lose weight always end in failure.
(2)No matter hard he tried,he couldn’t open the door.
(3)You can call me no matter you are free.
(4)No matter one you choose,you will be satisfied.
(5)No matter you go,I will go with you.
what
how
when
which
where
(6)无论你是谁,你都应该遵守交通规则。
,you should follow the traffic rules.
(7)不管我什么时候有麻烦,他总是来帮助我。
I am in trouble,he always comes to help me.
(8)不管他的生活有多艰难,他都不会放弃。
his life is,he will not give up.
No matter who you are
No matter when
No matter how difficult/hard
Part 3 Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
复合词
英语中很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的,它们叫作复合词。常见复合词有复合名词、复合动词、复合形容词等几种类型。
一、复合名词
1.名词+名词:football,classroom,newspaper,friendship,website,sunglasses
2.名词+动词:snowfall,rainfall,waterfall
3.名词+动词-ing:horse-riding
4.名词+介词+名词:daughter-in-law
5.动词-ing+名词:waiting room,swimming pool,washing machine,dining room, writing desk,sleeping pill
6.形容词+名词:greenhouse,blackboard,highway,long-jump
7.副词+名词:income,outcome
8.介词+名词:afternoon
9.过去分词+副词:grown-up
二、复合形容词
1.形容词+名词-ed:cold-blooded,warm-hearted,kind-hearted,short-sighted,old-fashioned,narrow-minded
2.形容词+动词-ing:good-looking,easy-going,long-lasting
3.副词+动词-ing:hard-working,well-meaning,far-reaching
4.名词+动词-ing:English-speaking,peace-loving,heartbreaking
5.名词+动词-ed:man-made,state-owned,heart-felt,heartbroken,water-cooled
6.副词+动词-ed:well-known
7.形容词+动词-ed:ready-made
8.名词+形容词:self-satisfied,duty-free,world-famous,self-centred
9.介词+名词:indoor,outdoor
10.数词+名词:first-class
三、复合动词
1.名词+动词:babysit,sleepwalk
2.形容词+动词:ill-treat
3.副词+动词:oversleep,overwork,overdo
【即学即练】翻译下列复合词
(1)air-conditioner
(2)daybreak
(3)armchair
(4)最后期限
(5)地下的,地面下的
(6)脾气不好的
空调
黎明;破晓
扶手椅
deadline
underground
bad-tempered(共64张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Section A TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
素养导航 明目标
语言
能力 必背
单词 enable convenience effect addicted recommendation explore admit selection
concern ensure press favour
harm argument replace concentrate
focus accessible
重点
短语 be addicted to a variety of subscribe to
be concerned with in addition focus on
核心语法 过去将来时、复合词
主题写作 如何写好个人简介
文化
意识 了解科技对文化的影响
古代的艺术数字化
思维
品质 感受网络带来的便利
重视网络的负面影响
用辩证的思维去对待网络
学习
能力 熟练运用本单元词汇以及句式
学会用正确的态度对待网络
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
Part 3 Grammar
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What is the purpose of the passage
A.To introduce the definition of avatars.
B.To express yourself using pictures.
C.To introduce the history of avatars.
D.To introduce some information about avatars.
√
Activity 2 阅读教材课文,匹配段落大意。
Para.1. A.Attitudes towards avatars differ.
Para.2. B.People can use avatars to express themselves.
Para.3. C.Avatars represent the personalities of the users.
Para.4. D.There are a variety of avatars for users to choose.
Para.5. E.An avatar is a digital image that represents an Internet user.
Para.6. F.First appearing in the 1980s,avatars had been used in web
chats by the late 1990s.
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读教材课文,选择正确答案。
1.Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3
A.Avatars can express a different self.
B.People may have no more than one avatar.
C.People may choose a friendly avatar for work.
D.People usually choose a silly avatar for meeting people.
2.If your avatar is a laughing monkey,it usually shows .
A.you are an interesting person
B.you like relaxing and having fun
C.you are tall,young and nice-looking
D.you have the same personalities as monkeys
√
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.Why do people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life
The answer is open.
2.How should we use avatars in a safer and healthier way on the Internet Any suggestions
The answer is open.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the usage of avatars.
(1)Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity.
(2)Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality.
(3)The avatars in online worlds can talk, walk and fly around, meet people, go shopping and attend classes.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the concerns about using avatars.
(1)Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.
(2)The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Avatars
The definition of an avatar Avatars are digital 1. that you use to represent yourself online.
The history of avatars The first simple avatars appeared in role-playing computer games 2. and by the late 1990s they had been used in web chats.
identities
in the 1980s
Avatars
The purposes of using
avatars People started creating their own avatars to express themselves and avatars give people lots of room for 3. .Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look 4. like them and act like them.People can choose an avatar from a 5. of ready-made images,or create their own images.
The views
about avatars Some users worry that they are spending so much time in
6. that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.The use of several avatars can also be a risk,as people can use avatars to 7. others online. However,many people see avatars 8. .
creativity
more or less
selection
virtual worlds
cheat
in a more positive light
Activity 7 长难句分析
引导时间状语从句 引导宾语从句
1.When people started creating their own avatars,they discovered that they were going to havethe power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.
引导定语从句,修饰new identities
当人们开始创设自己的虚拟形象时,他们发现自己将有能力创设新的身份,这种身份在相貌和行为上可以与真正的自我完全不同。
that引导宾语从句 so...that结构,that引导结果状语从句
2.Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.
一些用户担心他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间,以至于变得害怕在现实世界中与人见面。
Part 2 Language points
重点单词
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
1. vt.使可能,使发生
2. n.方便,便利
3. n.效应;影响
4. n.影响;作用
5. adj.对……着迷的;沉迷的
6. vt.探究;探讨;探险
7. vi.& vt.承认
8. n.闹钟
enable
convenience
effect
impact
addicted
explore
admit
alarm
9. vt.欺骗,诱骗,哄骗
10. n.多样化,变化
11. adj.朴素实用的;明智的,合理的
12. vi.& vt.做试验,进行试验 n.实验
13. adv.现今,现时
14. n.供选择的同类物品;选择
15. n.担忧,忧虑 vt.与……有关;使担心
16. vt.欺骗;欺诈
17. vt.看,把……视为
trick
variety
sensible
experiment
nowadays
selection
concern
cheat
view
识记阅读词汇
18.self-focused adj.
19.indeed adv.
20.download vt.
21.super adj.
22.avatar n.
23.image n.
24.fancy adj.
25.identity n.
26.sex n.
27.blog n.
vi.
以自我为中心的;关注自我的
确实;当然
下载
极好的,了不起的
(网络上代表个人的)头像,虚拟替身,图标
图像;形象
花哨的;别致的
身份;特征
性别
博客;网络日志
写博客
28.hairstyle n.
29.type vi.& vt.
n.
30.virtual adj.
发型,发式
打;打字
类型,种类
虚拟的;模拟的
串记拓展词汇
31. n.个性,性格
→ adj.个人的;私人的
32. n.创造力;独创性
→ vt.创造
33. adv.显而易见地,明显地
→ adj.明显的
personality
personal
creativity
create
obviously
obvious
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-ity可与形容词或形容词词根相缀合,构成名词,表示具有某种特征的状态、性质或事实。除了与单纯的形容词或词根相结合,-ity还经常加在某些带形容词后缀的单词上。所以,常常可以看到“形容词后缀+-ity”的复合形式,如-acity,-ality,-anity,-arity,-ability(=-able+-ity),-ibility(=-ible+-ity),
-idity,-ility(=-ile+-ity),-ivity(=-ive+-ity)等。如:
disable→disability n.无能力,伤残
electric→electricity n.电
equal→equality n.平等
major→majority n.大多数
重点短语
1.more or less
2.experiment with
3.act like
4. 沉迷
5. 各种各样的
6. 期待
或多或少
用……做实验
表现得像……
be addicted to
a variety of
look forward to
基础词汇——语境记忆
要点探究 能力素养全提升
1.impact n.影响;作用
【佳句背诵】Her speech made a profound impact on everyone.[人物介绍]
她的讲话对每个人都有深远的影响。
2.experiment vi.& vt.做试验,进行实验
n.实验
【佳句背诵】Many people do not like the idea of experiments on animals. [动物保护]
许多人不赞成在动物身上做试验。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.enable v.使可能,使发生;使能够
enable sth促成某事
enable sb to do sth使某人能够做某事
the ability to do sth做某事的能力
相似词语
adj./n. v.
sure确定的 ensure确保
courage勇气 encourage鼓励;给以勇气
danger危险 endanger使遭到危险;危及
rich丰富的;富有的 enrich使丰富
large大的 enlarge扩大
able有能力的;能够 enable使能够
【佳句背诵】This kind of software enables you to download a film in seconds.[科学技术]
这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可下载一部电影。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)By taking part in these activities,students show their ability (get) on with others.
(2)Hobbies may enable you (make) many friends.
(3)听音乐能使我们感到放松。
Listening to music relaxed.
to get
to make
enables us to feel
2.convenience n.方便,便利;有用、有益或适宜的安排、用具或设施
(1)for convenience为方便起见
at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候
(2)convenient adj.方便的
inconvenient adj.不方便的
be convenient for sb/sth对某人/物是方便的
It is convenient for sb to do sth.做某事对某人来说是方便的。
【佳句背诵】The secretary arranged a convenient time and place for the applicants to have an interview.[求职应聘]
秘书为求职者们安排了一个方便的时间和地点进行面试。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Can you telephone me your convenience to arrange a meeting
(2)It was a great (convenient) to have the school so near.
(3)It is convenient (travel) by car.
(4)你什么时候方便就什么时候来看我。
Come and see me whenever .
at
convenience
to travel
it is convenient for you
3.effect n.效应;影响
(1)have a side effect on...对……有副作用
have no effect on...对……没有影响
have a(n)...effect on...对……有……的影响
of no effect无效
(2)effective adj.有效的
affect v.影响;感动
【佳句背诵】The medicine is an effective cure for a headache.[医疗健康]
这种药治头痛疗效很好。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换/单句写作
(1)The meeting has been held to discuss the effects of tourism the wildlife in the area.
(2)Her opinion will not affect my decision.
→Her opinion will my decision.
(3)含酒精的饮料对你的身体有害。
Alcoholic drink can your body.
(4)在国外的经历对他的影响很大。
The experience in the foreign countries him.
(5)这种药对我没有任何效果。
This kind of medicine me.
on
have no effect on
have a bad effect on
had a great effect on
has no effect on
4.addicted adj.对……着迷的;沉迷的
(1)be addicted to沉迷于……
(2)addict n.对……入迷的人;吸毒成瘾的人
【佳句背诵】He is a video game addict.[个人介绍]
他是个电子游戏迷。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作/翻译句子
(1)She says she’s unable to give up smoking;she’s completely
(addict).
(2)你不应该沉迷于网络游戏。
You shouldn’t online games.
(3)Football addicts everywhere will be watching today’s match.
(4)She’s addicted to soap operas.
addicted
be addicted to
各地的足球迷都会观看今天的比赛。
她迷上了肥皂剧。
5.recommendation n.推荐,建议;推荐信,推荐书
(1)on one’s recommendation根据某人的建议/推荐
(2)recommend vt.推荐,介绍;建议,劝告
recommend sth to sb向某人推荐某物
recommend sb to do sth=recommend (that) sb (should) do sth建议某人做某事
recommend doing sth建议做某事
【佳句背诵】I borrowed the book The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,which my classmates recommended to me.[个人经历]
上周我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯探案集》,这本书是我同学推荐给我的。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam (be) at the age of six months old.
(2)I recommend (buy) this dictionary.
(3)I recommend you (buy) this dictionary.
(4)Teachers recommend parents (not allow) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
(5)The best way of finding a solicitor is through personal
(recommend).
(6)你能给我推荐一本好小说吗
Can you me
(should) be
buying
to buy/(should) buy
not to allow/should not allow/not allow
recommendation
recommend a good novel to
6.explore v.探究;探索,探险
(1)explore for勘探
(2)explorer n.探险者;勘探员
exploration n.勘探;探索
【佳句背诵】The North Sea has been an important centre for oil exploration. [自然资源]
北海已成为重要的石油勘探中心。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译词组
(1)It’s a great challenge for scientists (explore) the moon.
(2)Some geologists are exploring gold.
(3)The ocean hasn’t been fully (explore).
(4)Human beings are more interested in space (explore).
(5)oil exploration
(6)underwater exploration
(7)the exploration of space
to explore
for
explored
exploration
石油勘探
水下勘探
宇宙/太空探索
7.admit v.承认;准许进入(或加入)
(1)admit (to) doing sth/admit (to) having done sth 承认做某事
be admitted into/to被允许进入
(2)admission n.承认;入场费;允许进入
【佳句背诵】I viewed her silence as an admission of guilt.[人物描述]
我将她的沉默视为认罪。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He admitted (break) the window.
(2)Through his hard work,he was admitted Peking University last year.
(3)Only ticket-holders will (admit) into the stadium.
(4)Hospital (admit) is not necessary in most cases.
(5)六岁以下的儿童不允许入学。
Children under six schools.
breaking/having broken
to/into
be admitted
admission
are not admitted to/into
8.alarm n.闹钟;警报器;警报;恐慌 v.使害怕;使警觉
alarming adj.惊人的;使人惊恐的
alarmed adj.害怕的;担心的
【佳句背诵】She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone.[心理描写]
她一想到独自出行的情景就害怕。
【即学即练】用alarm的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)There is an increase in violent crime.
(2)Prison authorities have become by the number of prisoners trying to escape.
(3)热带雨林正在以惊人的速度消失。
The rainforests are disappearing .
(4)每栋房子里都应该有一个火警报警器。
There should be in every house.
alarming
alarmed
at an alarming rate
a fire alarm
9.trick v.欺骗,诱骗,哄骗 n.诀窍;窍门;恶作剧
(1)trick sb out of sth欺骗某人某物
trick sb into doing sth欺骗某人去做某事
(2)play a trick/tricks on sb和某人开玩笑;戏弄某人
【佳句背诵】Mia realized her trick had rebounded on her.[人物描写]
米娅意识到她的伎俩反而害了自己。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)I was tricked believing his story.
(2)如果斯蒂芬发现你是如何欺骗他的,他会非常失望。
Stephen is going to be pretty upset when he finds out how .
(3)那个淘气的男孩喜欢戏弄他的同学们。
The naughty boy likes his classmates.
(4)他们欺骗那位老人买了那个无用的机器。
They the useless machine.
(5)你能告诉我制作这些可口的蛋糕的窍门吗
Could you tell me making such tasty cakes
into
you tricked him
playing tricks on
tricked the old man into buying
the trick of
10.variety n.多样化,变化
(1)a variety of各种各样的
(2)various adj.各种各样的
vary v.变化;使不同
vary in sth在……方面不同
vary with...随……而变化
vary from...to...从……到……变化
【佳句背诵】We all need variety in our food.[饮食健康]
我们的饮食需要多样化。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)We have (variety) summer camps for your holidays;you can choose one based on your own interest.
(2)If you come to visit China,you will experience a culture of amazing depth and (various).
(3)The prices vary 10 yuan 100 yuan.
(4)These shoes vary size and color.
(5)She took the job for a variety of reasons.
→She took the job for reasons.
(6)This tool can be used in various ways.
→This tool can be used in ways.
various
variety
from
to
in
various
a variety of
11.selection n.供选择的同类物品;选择
select vt.选择;挑选
【佳句背诵】We left the selection of the team members to the captain.[学校生活]
我们把挑选队员的工作交给了队长。
【即学即练】用select的适当形式填空
(1)These are from ten thousand.
(2)He taught us how seeds.
(3)He lets his daughter her own birthday present.
selections
to select
select
12.concern n.担忧,忧虑 v.与……有关;使担心
(1)show concern for对……关注
as far as sb/sth be concerned就……而言;在……看来
be concerned about/for sth担心;关心
(2)concerning prep.关于
【佳句背诵】As the world’s population continues to grow,more and more people show concern for the supply of food.[社会生活]
随着世界人口的持续增加,越来越多的人对食物供应表示关注。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)More and more people are showing concern the safety of school buses.
(2)We are all concerned her safety.
(3)As far as I’m (concern),I disagree with his idea.
(4)He is reading a report (concern) the earthquake.
(5)His greatest concern is the economy of China.
(6)This matter concerns all of you.
for
about/for
concerned
concerning
他最关心的是中国的经济。
这件事情跟你们所有人都有关系。
13.cheat v.欺骗;作弊 n.骗子;欺骗行为
cheat sb (out) of sth (尤指用不诚实或不正当的手段)阻止某人得到某物
cheat的近义词是trick
【佳句背诵】Don’t be tempted to cheat—you’ll never get away with it.[学校生活]
别想着作弊——对作弊者会严惩不贷。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)They felt (cheat) by the young man.
(2)The students declared themselves against (cheat).
(3)She cheated the old man out his money.
(4)我宁愿考不及格,也不愿意考试作弊。
I would rather fail than .
cheated
cheating
of
cheat in examination
14.view v.看待;视为;观看 n.视野;景色;看法
view...as...把……视为……
be viewed as被视为
in view of鉴于;由于
in one’s view在某人看来
get/have a good view of...饱览……的景色
【佳句背诵】From the top of the tower you will have a good view of the city.
[风景描写]
从塔顶上你可以饱览城市的景色。
【即学即练】一词多义/单句写作
(1)His view of life is different from yours.
(2)The view of the countryside is amazing.
(3)How do you view your position in the company
(4)People came from all over the world to view her work.
(5)I have a good view of the stage from where I am sitting.
(6)在我看来,他是个傻瓜。
,he is a fool.
(7)考虑到身体不好,他想要早点退休。
his poor health,he wants to retire early.
观点
景色
看待
观看
视野
In my view
In view of
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
trick
A.n.诡计;戏法;花招;骗术;诀窍;技巧;技艺
B.vt.欺骗,欺诈;诈骗
①Have you found any tricks to solve these problems
②The boy found it useless to fool his parents with the old trick.
③When the enemy knew they’d been tricked,it was so late that they were beaten completely.
④He tricked his way into her home by pretending to be a policeman.
A
A
B
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.explore
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. The children have gone exploring in the jungle.
生义 v. Columbus discovered the Americas but did not explore the new continent.
v. He explored the wound with his finger,trying to establish its extent.
探险
考察;勘探;探测
探查
2.fancy
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj. At the foot of the mountain,the couple built a fancy cottage where they lived a peaceful life.
生义 adj. Even today Sandy can still remember the special day when her mother bought her a fancy cake.
v. She didn’t fancy the idea of going home in the dark.
别致的
优质的;高档的
喜爱
重点句式——多维剖析
过去分词短语作后置定语
【教材原句】These digital identities,known as avatars,are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.
这些数字身份被称为虚拟形象,是人们使用互联网交流和表达自己的重要部分。
(1)known as avatars在此句中作后置定语,前后都有逗号,其意义相当于一个非限制性定语从句。
(2)若过去分词短语作后置定语且前后没有逗号时,则相当于一个限制性定语从句。
【佳句背诵】The concert given by the symphony orchestra was a great success.[音乐艺术]
该交响乐团举行的音乐会大为成功。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)The meeting (hold) last Sunday was a success.
(2)Hangzhou, (know) for its West Lake, has changed greatly.
(3)The book,which was written in 1957,tells the struggle of the miners.
→The book, in 1957,tells the struggle of the miners.
held
known
written
Part 3 Grammar
情景导入
过去将来时
阅读下面短文,体会句中黑体部分的用法。
Several days ago, I came to London for a business meeting.My nephew Jordan is studying in Oxford University.Originally, I wasn’t going to see him until the meeting was over.But he called to say he wanted to meet me as soon as possible.As a result, we met each other in a restaurant last night.Jordan told me that a big company would offer him a position as soon as he graduated, which surprised me a lot.I thought it would give a great surprise to his parents too.Jordan also told me that he would take part in the coming basketball match to be held in his university that weekend and invited me to watch it.I accepted his invitation happily and said I would go there to cheer him on.
【语法感悟】
过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看,将要发生的动作或存在的状态;过去将来时常用在主句谓语动词为过去时态的宾语从句中。
语法精讲
一、用法
1.表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情
He said that he would come to pay you a visit.他说他要来拜访你。
She hoped that they would meet again some day.
她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。
2.表示过去的某种习惯性行为
Whenever we had trouble,he would come to help us.
每当我们遇到困难,他总会给予帮助。
When I was young,I would listen to the radio for a whole day whenever I was not in the mood.我年轻的时候,每当心情不好时就会听一整天的收音机。
二、表示过去将来时的几种结构
1.would/should+动词原形,常表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。would用于所有人称,should只用于第一人称。
I said I should learn French this year.
我说过我今年应该学习法语。
She told us that she would not go with us,if it rained.
她告诉我们,如果下雨的话她就不和我们一起去了。
2.was/were going to do表示准备、计划做某事,或将要发生某事
There was going to be a thunderstorm.
将要有雷雨。
I was going to invite her to the party.
我要邀请她去派对。
3.was/were about to do表示“正要,即将”
She was about to be sent to a seaside town.
她正要被派往一座海滨小城。
He was about to say something more,but then stopped.
他还想说几句,但却止住了。
4.was/were due to do表示“定于(某时做某事)”
He was due to graduate in July.
他将于七月份毕业。
The ship was due to leave at midnight.
船定于午夜起航。
5.go,come,leave,take off等少数动词(短语)可用过去进行时,表示过去将要发生的情况
They said they were leaving for Egypt soon.
他们说他们不久就要动身去埃及。
She told her mother that she was going to a ball with Jim.
她告诉母亲,她要同吉姆一起去参加一个舞会。
A lot of my friends were coming to watch the fireworks.
我的很多朋友要来观看烟花。
We were told that the plane was taking off in ten minutes.
我们被告知飞机十分钟后就要起飞了。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)She told him that she (not stay) here for long.
(2)The scientists said the world’s population (grow) slowly in the future.
(3)I (see) Mr Brown the next day,but the appointment was cancelled.
(4)He was about (leave) when someone knocked at the door of his office.
(5)He hoped his wife (come) soon.
wouldn’t stay
would grow
was going to see
to leave
was coming
