(共25张PPT)
UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE
Section C WRITING WORKSHOP & VIEWING
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What’s the main idea of the text on page 41
A.Different types of disasters.
B.Attitudes towards disasters.
C.Factors resulting in disasters.
D.Advice on how to survive an earthquake.
√
Activity 2 How to Survive an Earthquake
protect yourself
can fall
Find a shelter
Wait
Stay seated
Drive carefully
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读课文How to Survive an Earthquake,选择正确答案。
1.“Drop,cover and hold on” is a tip for people who are .
A.indoors B.outdoors
C.in a car D.on a bridge
2.When you are outdoors and an earthquake happens,what should you do
A.Move away quickly.
B.Keep away from open areas.
C.Move away from dangerous objects.
D.Find a nearby wall to help yourself.
√
√
3.What should you not do in an earthquake if you are in a car
A.Stay calm in your car.
B.Avoid damaged bridges.
C.Stop the car as soon as possible.
D.Get out of the car and hide under it.
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What types of disasters can happen
The answer is open.
2.Which disaster would you most want to give advice on
The answer is open.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences about surviving an earthquake indoors.
(1)Don’t try to run out of the building during an earthquake.
(2)If possible,find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences about surviving an earthquake in a car.
Stop your car as soon as you can,but avoid stopping near a building or under a tree.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
We cannot prevent an earthquake from happening,but we can learn how
1. (survive) an earthquake.If you are indoors,don’t try to run out of the building during an earthquake.The most important thing 2. (be) to protect yourself as much as you can.Drop down onto your hands and knees.Cover your head and neck with your hands,arms or hard
3. (object).If possible,find 4. strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body.Hold on to your shelter until the shaking stops.
to survive
is
objects
a
If you’re outdoors,move to open areas.Buildings,trees,streetlights and power lines can fall down during an earthquake.Find a shelter 5. you can stay.If you are near objects that can fall,find a shelter to protect
6. (you) from them.Wait before moving to another place.Objects may also fall after an earthquake and there are always strong aftershocks. Observe carefully before you move away.
If you’re in a car,stop your car as soon as you can,but avoid
7. (stop) near a building or under a tree.Stay 8. (seat) and stay calm in your car.The car’s metal body can protect you 9.___________
falling objects.Drive carefully when the quake stops.Avoid bridges that
10. (damage) or may be damaged by the aftershocks.
where
yourself
stopping
seated
from
have been damaged
Part 2 Language points
重点单词
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
1. vt.观察;注意
2. adj.可怕的,恐怖的
3. n.消亡;消失
observe
scary
disappearance
识记阅读词汇
4.brochure n.
5.shelter n.
6.aftershock n.
7.metal n.
8.varied adj.
9.skiing n.
串记拓展词汇
10. adj.无害的→ adj.有害的
11. n.独创性;创造力→ adj.原作的;首创的
小册子
避难所
(地震的)余震
金属
各种各样的,形形色色的
滑雪运动
harmless
harmful
originality
original
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-less可与名词构成形容词,表示“无,没有”。例如:
harm→harmless adj.无害的
home→homeless adj.无家可归的
hope→hopeless adj.无希望的,绝望的
tree→treeless adj.无树木的
meaning→meaningless adj.无意义的
重点短语
1.hold on to
2.be home to
3.as well as
4.varied climate
5.upset the natural balance of the environment
抓住
是……的所在地
和;也
多变的气候
扰乱环境的自然平衡
基础词汇——语境记忆
要点探究 能力素养全提升
1.varied adj.各种各样的,形形色色的
【佳句背诵】A good teacher is aware of the extremely varied needs of each student.[邀请信]
一名好老师应该意识到每名学生截然不同的需要。
2.harmless adj.无害的
【佳句背诵】Her brother is a bit simple,but he’s quite harmless.[人物介绍]
她的哥哥有点单纯,但是没有伤害性。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.shelter n.避难所 v.保护;掩蔽;躲避(风雨或危险)
(1)give shelter from遮蔽,庇护
take shelter躲避
(2)shelter...from...保护……免受……
shelter from躲避
【佳句背诵】They are looking for a place to shelter from the rain.[故事描写]
他们正在找地方躲雨。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)An old hut gave shelter the rain.
(2)These plants must be (shelter) from direct sunlight.
(3)他们所需的是食物、衣物和避身处。
What they need are food,clothing and .
(4)有些父母的保护欲太强,想庇护孩子们远离任何危险。
Some parents are just too protective.They want to their kids
every kind of danger.
(5)他们坐在树荫下躲避太阳。
They sat in the shade, the sun.
from
sheltered
shelter
shelter
from
sheltering from
2.observe v.观察;注意;遵守;庆祝
(1)observe sth观察某物
observe sb do/doing sth观察某人做某事
(2)observation n.观察;观测
under observation在观察中
【佳句背诵】She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
[人物介绍]
她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The lecture,starting at 7:00 pm last night,was followed by an
(observe) of the moon with telescopes.
(2)我们不过圣诞节。
We don’t .
(3)我们能注意到人工智能已经在很多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。
We that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.
(4)许多中国人尽管在国外居住了许多年,但仍奉行中国传统习俗。
Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still ________ ________
.
observation
observe Christmas
can observe
observe the
traditional customs
多义词汇——自主练透
教材熟词生义
observe
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
生义 v. Rules of online voting should be worked out and strictly observed.
v. Do they observe Christmas Day in that country
观察,注意
遵守,奉行(法律、习俗等)
庆祝(节日)
重点句式——多维剖析
状语从句的省略
【教材原句】If possible,find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body.
如果可能的话,在附近找一个能覆盖你全身的坚固的庇护所。
状语从句的省略通常具备以下条件:
(1)从句主语与主句一致,或从句主语为it;
(2)从句谓语中含有be动词。
此时可以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
【佳句背诵】Children,when (they are) accompanied by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.[人物介绍]
有家长陪伴时,孩子们才被允许进入体育场。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)Unless (invite),I won’t go to his party this weekend.
(2)If (accept) for the job,you’ll be informed soon.
(3)If (ask) to look after luggage for someone else,inform the police at once.
(4)While (watch) TV,I heard a strange noise.
(5)They had no fault.They did everything as (tell).
(6)When completed,the library will be open to the public next year.
→When ,the library will be open to the public next year.
(7)Whenever it is possible,the children should play outside in the fresh air.
→ ,the children should play outside in the fresh air.
invited
accepted
asked
watching
told
it is completed
Whenever possible(共67张PPT)
UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE
Section A TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
素养导航 明目标
语言
能力 必背
单词 comment crowded shock escape frightened
curious observation equal rescue attempt
damage measure conduct preparation base
重点
短语 turn one’s back (on sb/sth) on the edge of
breathe in run out break down
核心语法 定语从句(2)、后缀
主题写作 如何写灾难求生的文章
文化
意识 了解不同国家的自然景观
欣赏有关大自然的影视作品
思维
品质 感受大自然的力量
人对大自然的探索
人与大自然的和谐相处
学习
能力 熟练运用本单元词汇以及句式
学会在灾难中求生
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
Part 3 Grammar
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What is the text type of the passage
A.Narration (记叙文).
B.Argumentative Essay (议论文).
C.Expository Writing (说明文).
D.Practical Writing (应用文).
√
Activity 2 Read the story quickly.Then match the main idea of each paragraph.
1.Para.1 a.Beginning.
2.Para.2 b.Development.
3.Para.3 c.Ending.
4.Para.4 d.Introduction of the story.
5.Para.5 e.Climax.
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读教材课文,选择正确答案。
1.What did the writer and his two brothers do when they were caught in the storm
A.They were fishing.
B.They were playing on the islands.
C.They were returning home.
D.They were swimming in the sea.
2.What made the brothers go in the direction of the whirlpool
A.The wind and waves. B.The brothers themselves.
C.Nothing. D.The God.
√
√
3.The writer tied himself to a barrel .
A.to make himself heavier
B.to help himself float
C.to make himself smaller
D.to make himself lighter
4.Which of the following can best describe the storyteller
A.Lucky and brave. B.Brave and selfless.
C.Humorous and curious. D.Intelligent and helpful.
5.The passage is organised in the order of .
A.space B.logic
C.time D.importance
√
√
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.How should we treat nature (seriously or not )
The answer is open.
2.Have you ever been to the sea How does it make you feel
The answer is open.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the author’s feelings when they were stuck in the sea.
(1)We were hopeless.
(2)I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.
(3)...I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 阅读教材课文,完成表格。
A Sea Story
Summarise the story generally About three years ago,something 1. happened to me. The six hours of terror has broken my 2. .
The process of something terrible One day,my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands.3. ,the sky was covered with dark clouds and in 4. a minute we were in a terrible storm.I tied myself to a barrel to help me 5. .And without waiting,I 6. the sea to try and escape.
The result of something terrible As you can see,I did 7. .
terrible
body and soul
All at once
less than
float
jumped into
escape
Activity 7 长难句分析
连接并列分句 引导时间状语从句
1.It may appear strange,but at that moment,when we were on the edge of the whirlpool,I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.
引导比较状语从句 引导时间状语从句
这可能显得奇怪,不过那个时候,当我们处在漩涡边缘时,我反而比向漩涡移动时更平静。
引导宾语从句 连接两个并列分句
2.I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way,and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.
引导宾语从句
我不禁开始思考,以这种方式死去是多么令人难以置信的事,能看到大自然的力量是多么的美妙。
Part 2 Language points
重点单词
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
1. n.灾难;灾祸
2. n.评论;意见
3. adj.拥挤的;挤满人的
4. adj.活的,活着的
5. n.气候
6. vt.使震惊;使难以置信
7. n.讲座,讲课;演讲
8. vt.过度使用;滥用
disaster
comment
crowded
living
climate
shock
lecture
overuse
9. n.百万
10. n.题目,标题
11. vi.& vt.逃离;逃避
12. n.诗歌;作诗的艺术
13. adj.受惊的,害怕的
14. adj.可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的
15. adj.相等的;相同的
16. n.面积;长度;范围;程度
million
title
escape
poetry
frightened
horrible
equal
extent
识记阅读词汇
17.flood n.
18.drought n.
19.hurricane n.
20.volcanic adj.
21.eruption n.
22.wildlife n.
23.landscape n.
24.deer n.
25.insect n.
26.soil n.
洪水;水灾
旱灾,干旱
飓风
火山的;由火山作用引起的
爆发
野生动植物,野生生物
风景,景色
鹿
昆虫
土壤
27.ecology n.
28.jungle n.
29.greenhouse n.
30.whirlpool n.
31.wave n.
32.float vi.
33.file n.
34.descent n.
35.tidal adj.
36.mystery n.
生态;生态学
(热带)丛林
温室,暖房
漩涡
海浪;波涛
浮;漂
档案,卷宗
下降,下落
潮汐的,潮水的
神秘事物,难以理解的事物
37.soul n.
38.edge n.
39.barrel n.
40.tube n.
灵魂
边缘
桶
圆管,管子;(伦敦)地铁
串记拓展词汇
41. vi.& vt.活下来;幸存
→ n.幸存
42. adj.好奇的
→ n.好奇心
43. n.观察;观察结果
→ v.观察
survive
survival
curious
curiosity
observation
observe
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
前缀over- 可以与动词、名词、形容词和副词连用,表示“过多,过度”。如:
over-+use→overuse v.过度使用,滥用
over-+eat→overeat v.吃得过多
over-+work→overwork v.(使……)工作过劳
over-+time→overtime n.加班,加班的时间
over-+aggressive→overaggressive adj.过于侵略性的,过于积极进取的
重点短语
1.all at once
2.in the direction of
3.at great speed
4.equal extent
5.be shaped like
6.pull...into...
7.pick up
8. 对……好奇
9. 对……置之不理,对……撒手不管
10. 在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)
突然间
朝着……的方向
以很快的速度
同样面积
形状像……
把……拖进……
接载
be curious about
turn one’s back (on sb/sth)
on the edge of
基础词汇——语境记忆
要点探究 能力素养全提升
1.horrible adj.可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的
【佳句背诵】Never in all my life have I ever seen such a horrible thing.[个人经历]
我一辈子也没见过这么恐怖的事。
2.climate n.气候
【佳句背诵】The area is famous for its very mild winter climate.[自然气候]
这个地区以其非常温暖的冬季气候而闻名。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.comment n.评论;意见 v.评论;发表意见
(1)make a comment/comments on/about sth对……发表评论
no comment无可奉告
(2)comment on/upon sth对……发表评论
comment that...对……发表评论/表达意见
【佳句背诵】He made comments on/about details.[个人描写]
他就细节问题发表了评论。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)There were a lot of comments her behaviour.
(2)I don’t think we can comment his behaviour.
(3)人们总是对我妹妹的穿着品头论足。
People are always my younger sister’s clothes.
on/about
on/upon
commenting on/upon
2.crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满人的;充满的,挤满的
(1)be crowded with挤满了……
(2)crowd n.人群 vt.挤满;塞满;使拥挤
crowd into挤上;涌入
【佳句背诵】The places of interest are crowded with tourists during holidays.[社会生活]
旅游胜地在假期里挤满了游客。
【即学即练】用crowd的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)I want to get there early to avoid the .
(2)It was two weeks before the Spring Festival and the supermarket
with shoppers.
(3)事故发生时,有一大群人已经到了车站。
had arrived at the station when the accident happened.
(4)我们全都涌进她的办公室,唱“祝你生日快乐”。
We all her office to sing “Happy Birthday to you”.
crowds
was crowded
A large crowd
crowded into
3.shock v.使震惊;使难以置信 n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克
(1)shocked adj.感到震惊的
be shocked at对……感到震惊
(2)shocking adj.令人震惊的
【佳句背诵】Neighbours were shocked that such an attack could happen in their area.[社会生活]
邻居们对这种袭击会发生在他们地区感到震惊。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)The parents were (shock) by the news that their son needed an operation on his knee.
(2)The (shock) news made me realise what terrible problems we would face.
(3)The news (shock) the public,leading to great concern about students’ safety at school.
(4)The terrible accident was really shock to me.
shocked
shocking
shocked
a
4.lecture n.讲座,讲课;演讲;训斥 v.(开)讲座;讲课;训斥
(1)a lecture on/about ...一个有关……的讲座
give sb a lecture教训/告诫某人
(2)lecture sb about/on sth因某事教训某人
【佳句背诵】My mother gave me a lecture about the harm of playing computer games.[家庭生活]
妈妈告诫我玩电脑游戏的危害。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)Please stop (lecture) me!I know I should give up smoking.
(2)She is always lecturing me the way I dress.
(3)I took notes during the lecture.
(4)She has lectured all over the world.
lecturing
about/on
我听讲座时记了笔记。
她在世界各地做过演讲。
5.survive v.活下来;幸存
(1)survive on靠……存活
(2)survivor n.幸存者;生还者
survival n.幸存
【佳句背诵】Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.[人与自然]
人类生活是自然的一部分,因此,我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。
【即学即练】用survive的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)The film Titanic is based on an experience of a .
(2)A lot of small companies are fighting for .
(3)幸运的是,他在车祸中幸存了下来。
Fortunately,he .
(4)这家人靠这么点薪水难以生活。
The family can’t such a small salary.
survivor
survival
survived the car accident
survive on
6.frightened adj.受惊的;害怕的
(1)be frightened to do sth害怕做某事
be frightened to death吓得要死
(2)frighten vt.使惊吓;使惊恐
frightening adj.令人害怕的
【佳句背诵】She was frightened to death at the sight of so many snakes.[心理描写]
看到这么多的蛇,她吓得要死。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)—Why do you have a look
—Because you almost me to death by your mask(面罩).(frighten)
(2)Do you like to see (frighten) movies
(3) (frighten) by the accident,the little girl cried.
(4)He is frightened (look) down from the top floor of the building.
(5)想到此事可能会再次发生就令人不寒而栗。
that it could happen again.
frightened
frightened
frightening
frightening
Frightened
to look
It is frightening to think
7.curious adj.好奇的;求知欲强的
(1)be curious about对……好奇
be curious to do sth很想做某事
(2)curiously adv.好奇地;奇怪地
curiosity n.好奇心
out of curiosity出于好奇
satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心
【佳句背诵】Don’t be too curious about the things you are not supposed to know.[观点看法]
不要对你不该知道的事情太好奇。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)People have always been curious how life on the earth began.
(2)Little John has (curious) about all the things he has met.He found a soap and tasted it yesterday.
(3)I am curious (know) what he has said.
(4)The little boy looked at the magician (curious).
(5)出于好奇,她读了那封信。
She read the letter .
(6)我们对新邻居很好奇。
We the new neighbour.
about
curiosity
to know
curiously
out of curiosity
are very curious about
8.equal adj.相等的;相同的 v.比得上;等于
n.同等的人;相等物
(1)be equal to胜任;相等
equal sb in sth在某方面与某人匹敌
be without equal=have/has no equal 无与伦比;没有对手
(2)equally adv.平等地;同样地
equality n.平等;相等
【佳句背诵】They are struggling for freedom and equality.[社会生活]
他们正在为了自由和平等而抗争。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)The architecture here is equal any in the world.
(2)No one can equal him strength.
(3)Boys and girls are ;and they should be treated ,but in many places in the world many girls are still struggling for .
(equal)
(4)Fitness is important in sport,but skills are (equal) important.
(5)No one can equal him in basketball.
→He has in basketball.
to
in
equal
equally
equality
equally
no equal
9.extent n.面积;长度;范围;程度
to some extent在某种程度上
to a certain extent在一定程度上
to a great extent在很大程度上
in extent就(面积/长度/范围)而言
【佳句背诵】To a certain extent,we are all responsible for this tragic situation.[观点看法]
在一定程度上,我们都对这悲惨的局面负有责任。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The road is nearly ten miles extent.
(2)她的论证在某种程度上是符合事实的。
what she argues is true.
(3)损坏的程度如何
What’s
(4)透过上方的窗户我们可以看见公园的全景。
From the top window we could see of the park.
in
To some extent
the extent of the damage
the full extent
10.escape v.逃离;逃避 n.逃避;逃离
(1)escape from从……逃跑,逃脱
escape doing sth逃脱做某事
escape punishment/being punished 逃脱惩罚
escape sb被某人遗忘;未被某人注意
escape one’s notice/attention 某人没注意
escape death死里逃生
(2)fire escape太平梯,安全梯;安全出口
make one’s escape逃跑
a narrow escape勉强逃脱
【佳句背诵】Before entering space,rockets must escape from the earth’s gravity.[宇宙探索]
在进入太空前,火箭必须逃离地球的引力。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)She managed to escape the burning car.
(2)She narrowly escaped (kill).
(3)He was lucky to escape (punish).
(4)The pilot escaped (die) by seconds.
(5)我没注意到那个错误。
The mistake .
(6)管道漏气了。
Some gas is the pipe.
(7)再小的细节也逃不过他的眼睛。
No detail was too small to .
from
being killed
being punished/punishment
death
escaped my attention/notice
escaping from
escape his eyes
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
flood
A.n.洪水,水灾;大量
B.vt.灌满水;淹没;泛滥;扩展到;大量涌入;涌现
①Because of the event,the office was flooded with complaints.
②The river had burst its banks and flooded the valley.
③The pain was so bad that I would be in floods of tears.
④Over 25 people drowned when a coach tried to cross a river and flood waters swept through.
B
B
A
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
title
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. Patience and Sarah was first published in 1969 under the title A Place for Us.
生义 n. Her husband was also honoured with his title “Sir Denis”.
n. How many times did Michael Jordan’s team win the NBA title
v. Their story is the subject of a new book titled The Golden Thirteen.
题目;标题
头衔
冠军
加标题于
重点句式——多维剖析
1.the moment 一……就……
【教材原句】The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
我一听到这个词就变得非常害怕。
名词词组the moment用作连词引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”,意义上和as soon as相近。有相同用法的还有the minute,the second等。
常用作连词的名词词组还有every time,each time,the first/last time,next time等。
【佳句背诵】I was pulled onto the shore the moment I reached the surface.
[个人经历]
我一浮上水面,就有人把我拉上了岸。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1) soon as relations improve they will be allowed to go.
(2)He fell in love with the place first time he came here.
(3)他每次来总是给我带些礼物。
,he brings me some gifts.
(4)每次发生地震都会有很多人死去。
Many people die an earthquake happened.
(5)我第一次见到她就觉得她又好又诚实。
I thought her nice and honest .
(6)她一看到那幅图画就开始笑。
She began to laugh she saw the picture.
As
the
Every/Each time he comes
every/each time
the first time I met/saw her
the moment/second/minute
2.the+比较级,the+比较级 越……,就越……
【教材原句】The first,the larger the bodies were,the more rapidly they fell...
首先,物体越大,下沉的速度越快……
“the+比较级,the+比较级”是一个固定句式,意为“越……,就越……”,相当于一个复合句,其中前面的句子是状语从句,后面的句子是主句。
【佳句背诵】The harder he worked,the more he got.[社会生活]
他工作越努力,得到的就越多。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The harder you work,the (great) progress you will make.
(2)The more English you practice,the (good) your English will be.
(3)The (busy) he is,the happier he feels.
(4)The more he practices,the (fast) he can run.
(5)战争持续越久,那里的人们受难就越多。
,the more people there will suffer.
greater
better
busier
faster
The longer the war lasts
3.why引导定语从句,that引导表语从句
【教材原句】As you can see,the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
如你所见,我在这里讲述这个故事的原因是我做出了正确的决定。
在本句中,why引导定语从句,that引导表语从句,构成句式“the reason why...is that...”,意为“……的原因是……”。
that is why...那就是……的原因
that is because...那是因为……
【佳句背诵】The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.[环境保护]
我们必须种树的原因是它们能提供给我们新鲜的空气。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)He was late.That was it was raining.
(2)It was raining.That was he was late.
(3)From space,the earth looks blue.That is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
(4)I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer,which is he never finishes anything.
(5)One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
because
why
because
why
that
4.with复合结构
【教材原句】Some time after I left the boat,with my brother in it,it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool.
我离开了船一段时间后,船被拉进了漩涡的底部,我的兄弟还在上面。
在with的复合结构中,不同形式的宾语补足语表示不同的用法。
(1)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行,和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
(2)过去分词作宾语补足语表示动作已经完成,和宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,也就是被动关系。
(3)动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作暂时没有发生,有将来的含义。
(4)形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语表示宾语的特征或性质。
【佳句背诵】He lay on the grass,with his eyes looking at the sky.[动作描写]
他躺在草地上,眼睛看着天空。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)With so many people (look) at her,she felt nervous.
(2)With nothing (do),he slept the whole afternoon.
(3)John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work (finish), he gladly accepted it.
(4)I couldn’t put my heart into my lessons with all that noise (go) on outside.
(5)With prices (go) up so fast,many people have a hard time.
(6)You have no idea how she finished the race her foot injured so much.
looking
to do
finished
going
going
with
(7)Because our lessons were over,we went to play football.
→ ,we went to play football.
(8)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.
→The children came running towards us, .
With our lessons over
with some flowers in their hands
Part 3 Grammar
情景导入
定语从句(2)——关系副词引导的定语从句
It was the summer of 2012,when①I came to Guangning No.1 Senior High School.Our school is a wonderful place,where② I can see a lot of beautiful buildings and a large square.Our classroom,the roof of which③ looks like a rocket in the distance,is located in the center of our school.The main reason why④ I like our school is that I can make many friends.I can get along with my classmates here,two of whom⑤are my best friends.The teacher whom⑥I like most is Mr Zhang,our math teacher.To be honest,I gradually fall in love with our school.
【语法感悟】
①when为关系副词,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为
②where为关系副词,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为
③the roof of which为“the +名词+of+关系代词”,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为
④why为关系副词,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为
⑤two of whom为“数词+of+关系代词”,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为
⑥whom为关系代词,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为
时间状
the summer of 2012
地点状
place
主
classroom
原因状
reason
主
classmates
宾
teacher
语法精讲
一、常见的关系副词的用法
1.when引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示时间的词,如time,moment,month,day,year等,when在定语从句中作时间状语。
Do you remember the day when he was born
你记得他出生的日子吗
We don’t know the exact time when they will return.
我们不知道他们回来的确切日期。
2.where引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的词,如school,house, place,village等,where在定语从句中作地点状语。如果先行词是表示抽象意义的地点名词,如case,situation,condition,job,career,point等,其后的关系副词也用where。
This is the house where he was born.
这就是他出生时的房子。
She worked in Japan for a few years where she taught English.
她在日本工作了几年,在那里她教英语。
The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.
公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛,员工可以享受工作。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生应该参与社区活动,他们能从活动中获取成长的经验。
Can you think of a situation where the phrase can be used
你能想出一个可以使用这个词组的场合吗
3.why引导的定语从句修饰表示原因的reason,why在定语从句中作原因状语。
Tell me the reason why you were absent yesterday.
告诉我你昨天缺席的原因。
4.在定语从句中,关系副词常可变为“介词+which”的形式。
二、定语从句的主要考点以及应对策略
1.主要考点:①关系词的选择;②定语从句中的主谓一致。
2.应对策略:①确定先行词;②将先行词代入从句中;③将代入从句中的先行词改成合适的关系词。
We will remember the day we spent doing the experiment.
先行词是the day,将the day代入定语从句中组成的句子是:We spent the day doing the experiment。the day作spent的宾语。先行词指物,在定语从句中作宾语,故可填that或which。
I will never forget the days we worked together.
要选择定语从句we worked together的关系词,首先要确定先行词为the days;将the days代入从句中,发现它只能与介词in一起构成介词短语作从句的时间状语,这时可以将先行词转化为关系代词which,用in which来引导定语从句;也可以把先行词及其前的介词一起转化为关系副词when来引导定语从句。 故填when/in which。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)For example,there is China’s Belt and Road Initiative, motivates many countries along the Silk Road to cooperate more closely.
(2)For example,the beginning of the tale is set in the late 1990s, South Korea dominated the international Go world and China fell behind.
(3)Reducing food loss and waste is essential in a world millions of people go hungry every day.
(4)Long,long ago,the King of the Skies had a lovely daughter,to __________
he made many careful plans for her future.
(5)Though cash may become less popular,there will always be someone
will stop you in the street asking for directions to the nearest ATM.
which
when
where
whom
who(共75张PPT)
UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE
Section B LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
Part 3 Grammar
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What’s the text mainly about
A.A great explorer.
B.Two teams’ journey to the South Pole.
C.A worst disaster.
D.A race between two teams.
√
Activity 2 Read the text again and match each part with its main idea.
1.Part 1(Para.1-Para.5) a.Scott’s return journey.
2.Part 2(Para.6-Para.10) b.Scott and Amundsen’s Race to the South Pole.
3.Part 3(Para.11) c.Scott and his men as heroes.
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读教材课文,选择正确答案。
1.What does the first paragraph serve as
A.An introduction to the race.
B.A comparison of the two teams.
C.An introduction to the Antarctic.
D.A description of the two team leaders.
2.Of the four names mentioned in the passage,which one is different from the others
A.Edgar Evans. B.Captain Oates.
C.Roald Amundsen. D.Robert Falcon Scott.
√
√
3.How long did Amundsen take to reach the Pole
A.About half a year.
B.About 50 days.
C.Almost 3 months.
D.More than 3 months.
4.Why were Scott and his members shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag
A.Because they were in danger.
B.Because it means they lost the race.
C.Because their situation was hopeless.
D.Because they didn’t find the Norwegians.
√
√
5.What difficulties did Scott’s team face on their return journey
A.Two sledges broke down.
B.They had to look for rocks.
C.They were tired with not much food left.
D.The horses began to have serious difficulties with the cold.
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.Do you like adventure What adventure stories have you read
The answer is open.
2.What do you know about Antarctica
The answer is open.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the struggle Scott met.
(1)First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
(2)The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.
(3)The weather conditions were terrible.
(4)Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall.
(5)But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 阅读教材课文,完成表格。
Race to the Pole
The process to the Pole On 1 June,1910,Captain Scott began his 1. to Antarctica.At the same time,the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south.During the polar summer,both teams organised food bases 2. their journeys.Amundsen reached Antarctica first.Then he prepared for the return journey.Scott finally 3. at the Pole.
journey
in preparation for
arrived
Race to the Pole
The difficulties 4. The return journey was one of the worst in the history of 5. .The weather conditions were 6. .
Scott’s death and influence The news of Scott’s 7. shocked the world.He had failed to win the race to the Pole,but the extraordinary courage shown by Captain Scott and his men
8. .
on the way
exploration
terrible
death
made them heroes
Activity 7 长难句分析
引导时间状语从句
1.While he was on the way to Antarctica,he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south,too.
引导定语从句,修饰先行词a message
在去往南极洲的途中,他收到挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的消息,说他也要去南极。
连接并列复合句 引导让步状语从句
2.We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death,but though we tried to stop him,we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.
引导宾语从句
我们都知道,可怜的奥茨正走向死亡,尽管我们也曾试图阻止他,但我们都明白,这是一个勇敢的人和一个英国绅士的行为。
Part 2 Language points
重点单词
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
1. n.& vt.营救;救援
2. vt.困住;使陷于危险中
3. n.& vt.努力,尝试,企图
4. vi.& vt.打断讲话
5. n.死,死亡
6. n.丧失;死亡
7. n.伤害,损伤,损害
8. vt.估量,衡量;测量
rescue
trap
attempt
interrupt
death
loss
damage
measure
9. n.行动,活动;手术;操作
10. n.过程,进程
11. n.较量,竞争;斗争;战斗
12. n.职责,义务;责任
13. vt.实施;进行;执行 vi.& vt.指挥
14. n.保护;防护
15. vi.& vt.呼吸
16. n.灰尘;尘埃
17. n.预备,准备
18. n.滑雪板 vi.滑雪
operation
process
battle
duty
conduct
protection
breathe
dust
preparation
ski
19. n.基地,大本营;基础 vt.以……为基地
20. adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的
21. vt.证明;证实
22. n.洲,大洲;大陆
23. n.坦诚;诚实,正直
24. n.真诚,真挚,诚实
25. n.勇气;勇敢的行为
base
cheerful
prove
continent
honesty
sincerity
bravery
识记阅读词汇
26.vehicle n.
27.overseas adv.
28.site n.
29.suffering n.
30.lamp n.
31.nearby adv.
32.sledge n.
33.captain n.
34.polar adj.
35.tent n.
交通工具,车辆
在海外,在外国
场所,地点
(肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨
灯
附近
雪橇
上校;队长;组长
极地的,地极的
帐篷
串记拓展词汇
36. adv.焦虑地;不安地
→ adj.焦虑的
→ n.焦虑
37. n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿
→ adj.壮志雄心的
38. n.探险;探索
→ n.探险者,勘探者
39. adj.久远的;遥远的
→ n.距离
anxiously
anxious
anxiety
ambition
ambitious
exploration
explorer
distant
distance
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-tion常用于动词后构成名词,表示“动作、过程或者结果”,例如:
operate→operation n.行动,手术
protect→protection n.保护,防护
radiate→radiation n.辐射
infect→infection n.感染
imagine→imagination n.想象
associate→association n.关联
重点短语
1.natural disasters
2.rescue operations overseas
3.a battle against
4.knock on
5.wait anxiously
6.ahead of the planned schedule
7.on one’s way back
8.in the distant past
9. 吸气
10. 用完;耗尽
11. 停止运转,出故障
自然灾害
海外救援行动
和……的斗争
敲打
焦急地等待
比计划时间提前
在某人回去的路上
在遥远的过去
breathe in
run out
break down
基础词汇——语境记忆
要点探究 能力素养全提升
1.site n.场所,地点
【佳句背诵】All the materials are on site so that work can start immediately.
[社会生活]
所有材料都已运抵工地,可以立即开工。
2.process n.过程,进程
【佳句背诵】Losing weight is a slow, gradual process.[个人健康]
减肥是一个缓慢而逐渐的过程。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.rescue n.& vt.营救;救援
(1)a rescue team救援队
come to one’s rescue营救某人
(2)rescue sb/sth from...把某人/物从……解救出来
【佳句背诵】He rescued two people from the fire.[个人事迹]
他从火中救出两人。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He rescued me a difficult situation.
(2)All the people nearby came her rescue when hearing her cry for help.
(3)He (rescue) from the burning building in the end.
(4)Hundreds are still in the water,waiting to (rescue).
(5)一位朋友救了他并借给他钱。
A friend and lent him the money.
from
to
was rescued
be rescued
came to his rescue
2.trap v.困住;使陷于危险中 n.陷阱
(1)set a trap布置陷阱
fall/walk into a trap落入圈套
(2)be/get trapped in被困住
【佳句背诵】Don’t get in an elevator,as you may get trapped if the electricity fails.[观点看法]
不要坐电梯,因为如果停电,你就会被困在里面。
【即学即练】用trap的适当形式填空/翻译句子
(1)The miners hung on until the rescuers came.
(2)He found his son inside the lift,feeling very worried.
(3)Ancient people used traps to catch animals.
古人利用陷阱来捕捉动物。
(4)He was late because he was trapped in the traffic jam.
他迟到是因为堵车了。
trapped
trapped
3.attempt n.努力;尝试;企图 v.试图;尝试
(1)attempt to do sth 试图做某事
(2)make an attempt 试图;努力
at one’s first attempt 某人的第一次尝试
【佳句背诵】They are attempting to climb the steepest part of the mountain.[运动探险]
他们努力攀登这座山最陡的部分。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)They failed in several attempts (climb) the mountain.
(2)Shelly had worked hard for her biology examination so that she could pass it her first attempt.
(3)The prisoners attempted an escape,but failed.
→The prisoners attempted ,but failed.
→The prisoners to escape,but failed.
to climb
at
to escape
made an attempt
4.interrupt v.打断(某人)讲话;暂时中断或中止(某事物)
disturb与interrupt
(1)disturb“打扰,妨碍,扰乱”,侧重对某人动作或行为的干扰或干预,给别人带来较长时间的耽搁或使某人不能专注于某事。
(2)interrupt“中断,打断”,主要指对别人谈话或某一活动的打扰,使对方的活动停下来或不能继续。
【佳句背诵】His study was interrupted by the war.[社会生活]
他的学业因战争而中断。
【即学即练】用interrupt的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)It is bad manners anyone who is speaking.
(2)The game several times by rain.
(3)在老师讲话的时候,我们打断他或她是不礼貌的。
It is impolite to when he or she is talking.
(4)我们的谈话被敲门声打断了。
Our talk a knock at the door.
to interrupt
is interrupted
interrupt the teacher
was interrupted by
5.death n.死,死亡
die v.死,死亡
dying adj.濒临死亡的;奄奄一息的
dead adj.过世的;逝世的;死的
deadly adj.致命的
the dead死者(the+形容词表示一类人,谓语动词用复数)
【佳句背诵】The medicine saved the lives of many dying children.[医疗健康]
这种药挽救了许多处于死亡边缘的孩子的性命。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)Traffic accidents cause many (death) every year.
(2)Some snakes are (die),so we should keep away from them.
(3)He finally accepted that his mother was (die) and gone.
(4)He became the manager of the farm after his father’s (die).
(5)Some people think shipbuilding is a dying business.
deaths
deadly
dead
death
有人认为造船业是夕阳产业。
6.loss n.损失;死亡;丢失;失利
(1)lose vt.失去;丢失;输掉
(2)lost adj.丢失的;迷失的;迷路的;不知所措
get lost迷路
(3)at a loss不知所措
a sense of loss失落感
【佳句背诵】When her son finally left home,Emily felt completely at a loss.
[个人经历]
当她的儿子最终离开家时,埃米莉感到完全不知所措。
【即学即练】用loss的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)I want to report the of my car.
(2)He felt so after his wife died.
(3)说实话,我不知道下一步该做什么。
To tell the truth,I am what to do next.
(4)因为大雾,他们在森林中迷了路。
They in the forest because of the heavy fog.
(5)她去世后我心里充满了失落感。
When she died I was filled with .
loss
lost
at a loss
got lost
a sense of loss
7.damage v. 损害;损伤 n.伤害,损伤,损害
brain/liver damage 脑损伤/肝损伤
do/cause damage to...对……造成破坏/损害
suffer damage 受到损害
【佳句背诵】The accident caused some damage to my car,but it was nothing serious.[个人经历]
这起事故对我的车造成了一些损伤,但是并不严重。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Hundreds of houses in the area (damage) by the storm last week.
(2)他被车撞了,脑部损伤严重。
He was hit by a car and suffered serious .
(3)多年来,人类已经严重破坏了自己的家园——地球。
Man has his home —the earth.
were damaged
brain damage
done/caused great damage to
8.conduct v.实施;进行;执行;指挥;带领
n.行为;举止;指挥;管理
(1)conduct a survey进行一次调查
conduct an experiment进行一次实验
conduct research进行研究
conduct a study进行一项研究
(2)conductor n.售票员;乐队指挥
【佳句背诵】Can you give me some advice on how to conduct market research [建议信]
你能给我一些如何进行市场调查的建议吗
【即学即练】用conduct的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)To return to the problem of water pollution,I’d like you to look at a study
in Australia in 2012.
(2)A study of travellers by the website names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
(3)他们针对青少年的消费习惯进行了一次调查。
They have about the spending habits of teenagers.
conducted
conducted
conducted a survey
9.protection n.保护;防护
protect vt.保护
protect...from/against...保护……免于……
【佳句背诵】To protect the environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.[环境保护]
为了保护环境,更多的政府要求人们循环利用材料。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)In the last few years,China has made great achievements in environmental
(protect).
(2)Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can (protect).
(3)You should wear sunglasses to protect your eyes the strong sunlight.
(4)如果我们现在不着手保护环境,今后会后悔。
If we don’t act now to ,we’ll live to regret it.
protection
be protected
from/against
protect the environment
10.breathe v.呼吸
(1)breathe in吸入(空气)
breathe out呼出(空气)
(2)breath n.呼吸
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
out of breath上气不接下气
take a deep breath深呼吸
take one’s breath away使某人吃惊/惊奇
【佳句背诵】The doctor told me to breathe in and then breathe out slowly.
[建议信]
医生叫我吸气然后慢慢地呼出。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)It is good for health (breath) deeply.
(2)大多数人没有意识到自己正在吸入污染的空气。
Most people don’t realise that they are .
(3)宣读结果时,他屏住了呼吸。
He while the results were read out.
(4)仅仅五分钟后我们便气喘吁吁了。
We were after only five minutes.
(5)他深呼吸让自己平静下来。
He to calm himself down.
to breathe
breathing in polluted air
held his breath
out of breath
took a deep breath
11.base n.基地,大本营;总部;据点;基础
v.以……为基础
(1)base...on...把……建立在……的基础之上
be based on以……为基础
(2)the base of the lamp灯座
【佳句背诵】You should base your theory on practice.=Your theory should be based on practice.[个人观点]
你应该把理论建立在实践的基础之上。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作/同义句转换
(1)Clearly,a successful study (base) on good ways and habits.
(2)The movie, (base) on a novel of the same name,is rather popular.
(3)I won’t accept an opinion unless it is based facts.
(4) (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
(5)产品的价格建立在几种因素的基础上。
The prices of products several factors.
(6)Many languages have Latin as their base.
→Many languages Latin.
is based
based
on
Basing
are based on
are based on
12.preparation n.预备;准备
(1)in preparation for为……作好准备
make preparations for为……作准备
make preparations to do sth准备做某事
(2)prepare v.准备
prepare sth准备某物
prepare sb for sth使某人对某事有所准备
prepare...for.../be prepared for 为……作好准备
be prepared to do sth愿意做某事
【佳句背诵】They go to college in preparation for a good career.[学校生活]
他们上大学是为了有一份好的职业。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)—Sorry,Mom!I failed the job interview again.
—Oh,it’s too bad.You should have made full (prepare).
(2)—I’ve prepared all kinds of food the picnic.
—Do you mean we needn’t bring anything with us
(3)We won’t start the work until all the preparations (make).
(4)There was no news and we (prepare) for the worst.
(5)They are prepared (leave).
(6)这个学院是培养商务人才的。
The college a career in business.
preparations
for
have been made
had prepared
to leave
prepares students for
13.anxiously adv.焦虑地;不安地
(1)anxious adj.焦虑,担心;渴望
be anxious about...对……感到担心
be anxious for sth渴望得到某物
be anxious to do...渴望做……
(2)anxiety n.忧虑,渴望
【佳句背诵】All her fans are waiting for her anxiously.[人物介绍]
她的歌迷们都焦急地等待着她。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1) (anxious),she took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only to find it didn’t fit.
(2)He is anxious (finish) the job.
(3)Nowadays many people are experiencing high level of (anxious).
(4)Don’t be anxious the coming exams.
(5)我们渴望见到你。
Anxiously
to finish
anxiety
about
We are anxious to meet you.
14.break down停止运转,出故障;消除,克服;(身体或精神)垮掉;分解
break out突然发生
break up拆散,分开;驱散,解散;分手
break in强行闯入,侵入;插话
break off折断;中断;停止说话;(工作中)稍做休息
break through突破
【佳句背诵】He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead,because the air-conditioning system broke down.[个人生活]
因为空调坏了,他只好不时地停下来擦额头的汗。
【即学即练】短语填空/单句写作
break out,break off,break through,break in,break down,break up
(1)The meeting didn’t until noon.
(2)A big fire in the town last night.
(3)Don’t while others are speaking.
(4)After ten years of hard work,his health is .
(5)We hope to soon in the fight against AIDS.
(6)Then the car I was in ,so I had to walk home.
(7)I the conversation and answered the telephone.
break up
broke out
break in
breaking down
break through
broke down
broke off
(8)看吧,你的电脑又坏了。为了省几美元买最便宜的牌子不划算。
See,your computer again!It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
(9)他开会迟到是因为车在路上坏了。
It was because his car on the way that he was late for the meeting.
has broken down
broke down
15.run out of用完
run out =be used up,“(某物)用完”,是不及物动词短语,主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等 She has run out of her money and her patience is also running out.
她的钱已经用完了,她也快没耐心了。
run out of =use up,“用完(某物)”,是及物动词短语,但不用于被动语态,主语一般是人
【佳句背诵】They ran out of money and were in a dilemma.[人物介绍]
他们的钱用完了,陷入两难的境地。
【即学即练】短语填空/单句写作
(1)People usually think that we have a great deal of coal but we may
it some day.
(2)Conditions are getting worse and supplies are .
(3)被困矿工的时间不多了。
for the trapped miners.
run out of
running out
Time is running out
16.cheerful adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的;令人开心的
cheer v.欢呼;喝彩;鼓舞,鼓励
cheer up(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
cheer sb on(尤指在比赛中)为某人加油
【佳句背诵】There is hardly any cheerful news in the papers.[新闻报道]
报纸上没有什么让人高兴的消息。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He (cheer) up at the thought of going to the adventure playground.
(2)这里轻松愉快的氛围让我心情好了很多。
The lovely relaxing atmosphere here a lot.
(3)——我在想明天的考试。我这次可能过不了。
——振作起来,我确定你能行。
—I’m thinking of the test tomorrow.I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.
— !I’m sure you’ll make it.
(4)他们围在游泳池旁为她加油。
They gathered around the swimming pool and .
cheered
cheered me up
Cheer up
cheered her on
17.distant adj.久远的;遥远的;不太友好的;冷漠的
distance n.距离;远处
at a distance隔一段距离;距离稍远
in the distance在远方
at a distance of...在……远的地方
within walking distance在步行可及的距离内
【佳句背诵】The sound of the waterfall can be heard at a distance of 20 miles.[景物描写]
瀑布的声音在距离它20英里远的地方就能听到。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The doesn’t make us to each other.(distance)
(2)It snows all the year round in that (distance) little village.
(3)Take your time—it’s just short distance from here to the restaurant.
(4)We saw lights the distance.
(5)海滩离我家很近,走几步路就到了。
The beach is of my house.
(6)纽约市离波士顿有多远
between New York City and Boston
distance
distant
distant
a
in
within walking distance
What is the distance
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
operation
A.运转;操作;工作 B.使(某事物)生效,起作用 C.手术 D.军事行动
①He underwent a three-hour heart operation.
②I can use a word processor but I don’t understand its operation.
③He was the officer in charge of operations.
④When does the plan come into operation
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
measure
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. Can you measure accurately the length of the rope with this ruler
生义 v. She failed to measure the effect of her actions on her family.
n. Measures are being taken to reduce crime in the city.
估量,衡量;测量
仔细考虑(某事物)
措施;步骤;办法
重点句式——多维剖析
1.倒装句
【教材原句】Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
接着是极地冬天的一片漆黑。
常用的全部倒装结构情况:
(1)then,now等时间副词及here,there等方位副词位于句首,句子谓语动词为come,be,go等动词,且句子的主语不是人称代词。
(2)表示方位的介词短语位于句首,句子谓语是表示存在意义的动词,如be,lie,stand,sit等。
(3)there be句型属于全部倒装。该句型中be还可用appear,lie,live,stand, remain,exist等表示存在意义的动词替换。
【佳句背诵】There appeared to be nobody willing to help.[个人观点]
看来没人愿意帮忙。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Look!There (come) the shopkeeper.
(2)Here (be) coats for young people.
(3)—Is everyone here
—Not yet.Look!There (come) the rest of our guests!
(4)Among the crises (be) the lack of natural resources.
(5)Among the guests (stand) Mary.
comes
are
come
is
stands
(6)现在轮到你了。
Now .
(7)约翰打开门,那里站着一个他从未见过的女孩。
John opened the door. a girl he had never seen before.
(8)张教授走进大厅,接着进来的是抱着一摞书的助理。
Professor Zhang came into the hall,and his assistant carrying a pile of books.
comes your turn
There stood
then followed
2.动词不定式作后置定语
【教材原句】Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September,1911.
1911年9月8日,阿蒙森第一个离开。
当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时,通常用动词不定式作后置定语。被修饰词与动词不定式之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
动词不定式作后置定语的其他情况:
(1)被修饰词被形容词最高级或the only,the very,the right 等修饰时;
(2)表示将来的动作时,常用动词不定式作后置定语;
(3)名词ability,chance,promise,opportunity,wish,way 等常用动词不定式作后置定语。
【佳句背诵】Jane Goodall was the first woman to study the connections between chimps and human beings.[人物介绍]
简·古道尔是第一位研究黑猩猩与人类之间联系的女性。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)He was the first specialist (go) abroad for further education.
(2)Who is the next (give) a speech
(3)Volunteering gives you a chance (change) lives,including your own.
(4)That is the only way we can imagine (reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
(5)—The last one (arrive) pays the meal.
—Agreed.
(6)他总是第一个来,最后一个走。
to go
to give
to change
to reduce
to arrive
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
Part 3 Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
后缀
后缀是一种重要的构词法。它是一种后置于其他词素后的词缀,通过后缀常常可以判断一个词的词性。后缀可使一个词变为名词、动词、形容词等。
一、常见的名词后缀
-tion,
-ion oppression,foundation,location,possession,education,starvation,
action,organisation
-er,-or,
-ist driver,researcher,printer,gardener,teacher,worker,lawyer,adviser,
singer,waiter,composer,reporter,writer,manager,engineer,actor,
inventor,artist,chemist,novelist,journalist,dramatist,physicist,scientist
-ship,
-ness,
-(i)ty,-th leadership,friendship,membership,relationship,happiness,sadness,
usefulness,darkness,selfishness,kindness,activity,safety,security,
growth,warmth
-ment movement,argument,development,agreement,equipment,improvement,judgement
-hood boyhood,childhood,brotherhood
-ful cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful
-ess hostess,waitress,actress
-al arrival,refusal,survival,approval
二、常见的形容词后缀
-ful useful,grateful,wonderful,helpful,meaningful,thankful,careful,colorful,
regretful,hopeful,peaceful,beautiful,harmful
-less useless,careless,worthless,jobless,fearless,homeless,helpless,harmless
-ish childish,selfish,foolish
-ive active,attractive,creative,effective,expensive,imaginative
-ous famous,continuous,serious,humorous,dangerous,mountainous,various,
courageous
-able acceptable,comfortable,reliable,drinkable,eatable,movable,valuable,
reasonable,adjustable
-ible sensible,possible,responsible
-ent different,dependent
-y handy,rainy,dirty,thirsty,snowy,cloudy,windy
-cal musical,magical,chemical,physical,practical,medical
-cial social,official,facial,beneficial
-some handsome,troublesome,awesome
-ing exciting,interesting,surprising,annoying
三、常见的动词后缀
-en weaken,strengthen,widen,harden,soften
-fy beautify,purify,simplify,identify
-ise organise,realise
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
(2)Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with
(patient).
(3)—Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.
—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my (apologize).
(4)Her (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
adjustments
patience
apology
motivation
