(共41张PPT)
UNIT 2
Section C WRITING WORKSHOP & VIEWING
WORKSHOP & READING CLUB & ASSESSMENT
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Read for the main idea.
What is the main idea of the story
It’s about the sports spirit of Ismael Esteban and Agustin Navarro.
Activity 2 Skim for the main structure.
Introduce
development
result
comment
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What place was Agustin Navarro in the running
A.The second place. B.The third place.
C.The fourth place. D.The fifth place.
2.What did Esteban do when he got a puncture
A.He gave up the race.
B.He tried to catch up with the other competitors.
C.He continued his race.
D.He got to the finishing line.
C
C
3.What did Navarro do when seeing the injured Esteban
A.He cycled as fast as he could.
B.He supported Esteban in the cycling.
C.He took advantage of Esteban’s troubles.
D.He waited for Esteban to cycle across the finishing line first.
4.What did Navarro mean by saying “Offering me the prize was worth more than what I did for him”
A.He thought it was worthwhile to do that.
B.He thought the prize was priceless.
C.He thought he should receive the prize.
D.He thought Esteban was great to give him the prize.
C
D
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What do you think of Ismael Esteban’s behaviour Why
2.Do you have a sports idol What can you learn from him/her
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing actions.
Esteban threw his bike over his shoulders and raced towards the finishing line.
The audience was amazed at his show of sportsmanship and cheered and clapped for the cyclists.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
The final sprint of the Santa Barbara XV Grand Prix cyclo-cross race was coming.All fans lined the road to the finishing line,1. (cheer) on the competitors.
After cycling for hours,all the cyclists 2. (begin) to speed up to the finishing line and prepared to cross it for their victory.Esteban was in third place but when he was 3. (near) 300 metres away from the finishing line,he got 4. puncture.Not giving up,he put his bike on his shoulders and ran towards the finishing line.
cheering
began
nearly
a
A few seconds 5. (late),Navarro caught up with him. Though there is no doubt that he could overtake Esteban without 6.________ (effort),he slowed down and reached the finishing line with Esteban ahead on foot 7. he didn’t want to take advantage of Esteban’s troubles.The audience was 8. (amaze) at his sportsmanship, clapping for the cyclists.
Though Esteban offered 9. (give) the prize to Navarro,he refused firmly.The two cyclists made sportsmanship 10. its very best.
later
effort
because
amazed
to give
at
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.The training is always tough,but we all do our best,since we all want to earn a place on the team when playing against other schools.
[句式分析] but引导并列句
The training is always tough,but we all do our best,since we all want to earn a place on the team when playing against other schools.
when引导时间状语从句 状语从句的省略形式
[尝试翻译]
since引导原因状语从句
训练总是很艰苦,但我们都尽力而为,因为我们都想在与其他学校比赛时在球队中获得一席之地。
2.If you want to become fit and healthy,my advice is to try different sports and activities to see which one you enjoy the most.
[句式分析]
if引导条件状语从句 动词不定式作表语
If you want to become fit and healthy,my advice is to try different sports and activities to see which one you enjoy the most.
which引导宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
如果你想变得健康,我的建议是尝试不同的运动和活动,看看你最喜欢哪
一项。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. n.视野
2. n.骑自行车者,自行车运动员
3. vt.超过
4. adj.大为惊奇的,惊讶的
5. n.体育精神
sight
cyclist
overtake
amazed
sportsmanship
识记阅读词汇
6.bronze n.
7.medal n.
8.gesture n.
9.defend vt.& vi.
串记拓展词汇
10. n.回答,答复→ vi.回答,答复
11. n.灵活性→ adj.灵活的→ adv.灵活地
铜
奖牌;勋章
姿态;手势;姿势
保护,保卫
response
respond
flexibility
flexible
flexibly
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
动词加-ure变为名词:
please→pleasure depart→departure
fail→failure expose→exposure
close→closure disclose→disclosure
create→creature mix→mixture
press→pressure
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.ahead of
2.take advantage of sth
3.in sight
4.speed up
5.追上,赶上
6.另一方面
7.以……为基础
8.锻炼
在……之前
利用某物
在视野中
加速
catch up with
on the other hand
be based on
work out
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.overtake vt.超过
【佳句背诵】It’s dangerous to overtake other cars on a bend.[交通安全]
在弯道上超车很危险。
2.medal n.奖牌;勋章
【佳句背诵】She overcame injury to win the Olympic gold medal.
[人物介绍]
她战胜伤痛,赢得了奥运会金牌。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.sight n.视野
within/in sight 看得见
out of sight 看不见
at the sight of... 一看见……
at first sight 乍一看;第一眼
lose one’s sight 失明
lose sight of 看不见;忽略
catch sight of 看见
come into sight 进入视野
【佳句背诵】His sense of hearing is poor but his sight is excellent.
[人物介绍]
他的听力很差,但他的视力特别好。
She has good sight for a woman of 80,and she never uses glasses.[人物介绍]
对于一个80岁的妇女来说,她的视力是很好的,从不戴眼镜。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①It was very quiet all around with nobody sight.
②The young man turned to look back,but by then she was of sight.
③In the street I caught sight an old friend whom I had not seen for years.
④I am filled with such joy the sight of you two beginning together.
in
out
of
at
⑤眼不见,心不烦。
_________ _________ _________,out of mind.
⑥我看见她匆忙地走开,但我并没有试图跟她讲话。
I _________ _________ _________ her hurrying away but I didn’t try to speak to her.
⑦在真正意义上,光污染使得我们看不见我们在宇宙中的实际位置。
In a very real sense,light pollution causes us to________ ________ ________ our true place in the universe.
⑧我们拐过弯,小城就映入了我们的眼帘。
The little town _________ _________ _________as we turned the corner.
Out of sight
caught sight of
lose sight of
came into sight
2.catch up with 追上,赶上
catch on 学会;流行;开始明白
catch on to 理解
catch hold of 抓住
catch sb’s eye 引起某人注意
【佳句背诵】She walked too slowly to catch up with us.[过去经历]
她走得太慢,跟不上我们。
I have to work hard to catch up with the other students.[学校生活]
要想赶上其他同学,我得努力学习才行。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He tried to cheat me at the first meeting but I soon caught on
his tricks.
②工作几天后,你就会对你的工作内容有所了解了。
After a few days on the job,you’ll _________ _________ _________ what you’re doing.
③抓住每次机会,那么你就有可能成功地获得你想要的东西。
_________ _________ _________every opportunity and you will succeed in getting what you want.
④有一种独特的蓝色花总能吸引我的目光。
There is one particular blue flower that has always _______ _______ _______.
to
catch on to
Catch hold of
caught my eye
3.response n.回答,答复
(1)in response to 作为对……的回应/回答
give/make no response to... 对……不予回答/回应
(2)respond v.报以……,以……回答,响应
respond to... 对……做出回答/反应/响应
respond that... 回答……
【佳句背诵】She has received a response from that college to her application.[个人经历]
她已经收到那所大学对她申请的答复。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①You may even find that other people respond you differently.
②My best friend made no (respond) to my request for her advice on how to make a music album.
③他按完门铃后过了一会儿门才打开。
It was some time before the door opened_________ _________ _________ his ring.
④她收到我的信,给我回了一个电话。
She_________ _________my letter with a phone call.
to
response
in response to
responded to
4.take advantage of sth利用某物
take full advantage of 充分利用
to one’s advantage=to the advantage of sb 对某人有利
be of advantage to 对……有利
gain/win/have an/the advantage over 胜过,优于
be at an advantage 有利的,占优势
【佳句背诵】You should take advantage of the chance to go abroad.[提供建议]
你应该利用这个出国的机会。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①A recent study pointed out that household habits have changed
the advantage of women.
②Handsome men are always an advantage.
③他总是充分利用对手的失误。
He always _________ _________ _________ _________ the mistakes made by his rivals.
to
at
takes full advantage of
④事先把问题准备好肯定会对你有利。
It would be _________ _________ _________to prepare questions in advance.
⑤他们和对手相比有个明显的优势——产品更便宜。
They_____________ _________ _________ _________ _________
their rivals—their products were cheaper.
to your advantage
gained/won/had a major advantage over
5.on the other hand 另一方面
for one thing...for another (thing) 一则……再则……
one...the other... 一个……另一个……
some...others... 一些……另一些……
【佳句背诵】On the other hand,some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.[绘画艺术]
而另一方面,有些现代派的绘画作品却是那么现实,看上去就像是照片。
【温馨提示】for one thing...for another (thing)...常陈述情况一致的两个方面,用于解释原因,表列举。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He often comes to see me.I, the other hand,very seldom go to see him.
②I want to stay at this hotel. one thing it is near the sea;for another it costs less.
③我想出去吃,但是另一方面我又应该努力省钱。
I’d like to eat out,but _________ _________ _________ _________ I should be trying to save money.
on
For
on the other hand
④一方面你不应当拘束,另一方面也不要放肆无礼。
_________ _________ _________ _________,you shouldn’t be shy; ________ ________ ________ ________ ,you mustn’t forget your manners.
⑤我们当中的一些人对气味很敏感,而其他一些人则更容易记住颜色。
_________ _________ _________ are sensitive to smells; find colours easier to remember.
On the one hand
on the other hand
Some of us
others
6.work out 锻炼;解决;计算
work at 从事;致力于,钻研
work for 为……工作,为……做事
work over 检查;研究
work on 继续工作;从事
work with 与……共事,与……合作
【佳句背诵】These athletes work out at the gym for two hours every day.[人物介绍]
这些运动员每天都要在体育馆锻炼两个小时。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①I have had to work every single penny I earned.
②He works with weights twice a week.
③现在的情况进展得很好。
The situation _________ _________ _________ _________.
④我们得计算我们的聚会需要多少食物。
We have to _________ _________ _________ _________ food we’ll need for the party.
for
out
works out quite well
work out how much
⑤我花了一些时间去研究这些书籍。
I spent some time in _________ _________ these books.
⑥如果我选择在业余时间做其他项目,我认为那是我自己的事情。
If I choose to _________ _________ other projects in my own time,then I say that is my business.
working over
work on/at
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
defend
A.vi.& vt.保护,保卫 B.vt.辩护
①The newspaper defended her against the accusations.
②When the dog attacked me,I defended myself with a stick.
B
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
sight
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. The train is still in sight.
生义 n. Some drugs can affect your sight.
n. Their first sight of land came after ten days at sea.
n. The flowers are a lovely sight in spring.
视野
视力;视觉
看;看见
情景;景象
重点句式——多维剖析
while并列连词
【教材原句】Navarro had let Esteban finish in third place,while he came fourth.
纳瓦罗让埃斯特班名列第三,而他却名列第四。
while的具体用法如下:
(1)“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句(从句动作必须是延续性的)。
(2)“虽然,尽管”,相当于although,引导让步状语从句(常把while放在句首)。
(3)“与……同时”,引导时间状语从句。
【佳句背诵】There’s plenty of rain in the southeast,while there’s little in the northwest.[环境介绍]
东南部雨量充足,而西北部则很少下雨。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
① he is very strict with his students,he loves them.
②While I (clean) the window,my finger was seriously cut.
③You can go swimming while I (have) lunch.
④我准备晚餐的时候,他在洗澡。
He was having a bath________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
⑤虽然我了解你的见解,我还是不能同意你。
________ ________ _________ ________ ________,I don’t agree with you.
While
was cleaning
am having
while I was preparing dinner
While I understand your opinion(共80张PPT)
UNIT 2
Section A TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 3 Grammar
素养导航·明目标
语言
能力 必背
单词 prefer balanced desire crowd defence
remind case occupy disappointment particular
benefit equipment prevent relief satisfaction
sight response
重点
短语 rather than try out for sth let sb down
pay off keep up with sign up
cheer up be fed up with make sure
in case take advantage of in good/bad shape
crash into gather around not...any more
be capable of in particular
语言
能力 核心语法 1.定语从句 2.不定代词
主题写作 如何写真实故事
文化
意识 理解各类运动及体育精神对于我们生活的深远影响
积极参与体育运动,丰富生活,强健体魄,增强凝聚力
激发拼搏精神,引导学生进行反思,形成顽强、正直的优良品格
思维
品质 在听力和阅读后,锻炼信息提取、分析、概括的能力
深入理解不断拼搏进取、公平竞争等体育精神
进行自我反思,形成积极乐观的生活态度
对于有争议的问题,鼓励学生独立思考,增强学生批判性思维品质
学习
能力 掌握并运用与体育健康相关的词汇和表达
了解故事的结构和语言特点
运用语法结构丰富语言
听懂、获取并整理与体育运动相关的信息及观点
学习各类情绪的表达方式并加以运用
通过分析故事记叙文要素,学习如何撰写个人故事
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Read for the main idea.
What is the main idea of the passage
A.A great athlete won’t let anybody down.
B.The shorter a player is,the better he plays.
C.How Paul earned his place on the team by practising hard.
D.An unexpected basketball game.
C
Activity 2 Skim for the main structure.
basketball
players
replacement
game/competition
chance
his place
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why did Paul have to try out many times
A.Because he was not tall.
B.Because he wanted to make the team.
C.Because he wanted to be a replacement.
D.Because he had many chances to play for the team.
B
2.What does Paul think he needs for his being shorter as a player
A.Favourite championships.
B.Long-hour jumps.
C.More practice.
D.Independent shots.
3.What’s the coach’s attitude to Paul
A.Confident. B.Doubtful.
C.Positive. D.Supportive.
C
B
4.What does the sentence “all the extra hours that he’d spent practising alone paid off” mean
A.He liked to practise alone.
B.He was independent in practising.
C.He had money to pay off his training.
D.He got rewarded after practising more.
D
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What do you think contributed to Paul’s success
2.Are you a sports fan Which player do you admire
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing Paul on the court.
Paul jumped up and rushed onto the court.And clearly,all the extra hours that he’d spent practising alone paid off.The other team just couldn’t keep up with his energy and speed.He made shot after shot,and the crowd couldn’t stop clapping and cheering.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Paul and I were on our school basketball team and we were both big fans of 1. NBA.Paul liked Tyrone Bogues,who is the 2. (short) basketball player for the Charlotte Hornets and is an 3. (inspire) for Paul because Paul was only 1.6 metres tall,too,which meant he had to practise more.4. (take) Bogues as his model,Paul would try out many times just for making the team.5. (fortunate),our coach didn’t think that Paul could play well,so it was tough for Paul,even though all of us knew Paul had real 6. (skill).Though being a replacement all the time,Paul didn’t lose heart and continued to practise much more.
the
shortest
inspiration
Taking
Unfortunately
skills
This week we competed with The Bears,7. record this season had been perfect.Suddenly I 8. (crash) into a player and my knee hurt badly.The Bears was ahead of us by 10 points.I told the coach that I couldn’t play anymore and recommended that Paul 9. (replace) me.Finally,the coach gave him a chance and told him not 10. (let) us down.Paul made shot after shot and his hard work paid off.Our team won by two points at last.
whose
crashed
(should) replace
to let
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.When we weren’t playing on the court which was next to our building,we were watching a game on TV.
[句式分析]
when引导时间状语从句 which引导定语从句
When we weren’t playing on the court which was next to our building,we were watching a game on TV.
[尝试翻译]
当我们不在我们教学楼旁边的球场上打球时,我们就在电视上看一场比赛。
2.Paul’s favourite player was Tyrone Bogues,a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets,although we actually agree that they are both champions.
[句式分析] who引导定语从句
Paul’s favourite player was Tyrone Bogues,a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets,although we actually agree that they are both champions.
although引导让步状语从句 that引导宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
保罗最喜欢的球员是泰隆·博格斯,他曾效力于夏洛特黄蜂队,尽管我们实际上同意他们都是冠军。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. vi.& n.慢跑
2. n.跑道
3. n.日常饮食
4. vt.(在比赛、战争中)战胜,打败
5. n.公司;一群人
jog
track
diet
defeat
company
识记阅读词汇
6.badminton n.
7.golf n.
8.gather vi.& vt.
9.energy n.
10.earn vt.
羽毛球
高尔夫
聚集,聚合
力量,活力
赢得;挣得
串记拓展词汇
11. n.运动员→ adj.精力充沛的,运动的
12. n.发生的频率,发生率→ adj.频繁的,经常的→ adv.频繁地,经常地
13. vt.更喜欢→ n.偏好
14. adj.均衡的→ n.& vt.平衡→ n.不平衡; 不安定
athlete
athletic
frequency
frequent
frequently
prefer
preference
balanced
balance
unbalance
15. adv.经常;定期地→ adj.经常的;定期的
16. n.激励,鼓舞;给人以灵感的人/物;灵感→ vt.鼓舞;激发→ adj.令人振奋的;激励人的;鼓舞人的
17. n.渴望→ adj.令人满意的;有吸引力的
→ adv.令人向往地;合意地
regularly
regular
inspiration
inspire
inspiring
desire
desirable
desirably
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
动词加-ment变为名词:
replace→replacement argue→argument
develop→development equip→equipment
establish→establishment employ→employment
govern→government improve→improvement
judge→judgment
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.rather than
2.in good/bad shape
3.get hurt
4.on one’s own
5.try out for sth
6.猛撞,猛击
7.使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)
8.取得成功;奏效
9.跟上,保持同步
10.拍打某人肩膀
而不是
健康状况良好/不佳
受伤
独立;独自
参加……的选拔
crash into
let sb down
pay off
keep up with
hit sb on the shoulder
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.diet n.日常饮食
【佳句背诵】Too rich a diet is not good for you.[身体健康]
日常吃太多油腻的食物对你的身体不好。
2.defeat vt.(在比赛中、战争中)战胜,打败
【佳句背诵】He was soundly defeated at chess.[活动介绍]
他在国际象棋比赛中一败涂地。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.prefer vt.更喜欢
(1)prefer (doing) sth 更喜欢(做)某事
prefer (sb) to do sth 宁愿(某人)做某事
prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 宁愿(做)A而不愿(做)B
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B
prefer that...(should) do sth宁愿……做某事
(2)preference n.喜爱;偏爱
have a preference for 偏爱
give preference to 给……以优惠、优待
in preference to 优先于……
(3)preferable adj.更可取的,更好的,更合意的
【佳句背诵】He preferred to return to his hometown after graduation rather than stay in a big city.[职业规划]
毕业后他宁愿返回家乡也不愿待在大城市里。
【温馨提示】prefer意为“更喜欢;较喜欢”,相当于like better/more,所以prefer一般不与比较级连用。prefer过去式、过去分词为preferred,动词-ing形式为preferring。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①She chose to learn the violin in preference the piano.
②I would prefer playing outdoors to (watch) TV.
③She has a preference blue,while I like red better.
④He prefers (go)to the movies rather than stay at home.
⑤待在家里当然比和你不喜欢的人出去要好。
Staying at home certainly _________ _________ _________ _________with someone you don’t like.
to
watching
for
to go
is
preferable to going
out
⑥我觉得有关那件事我们最好收集更多信息。
I _________ _________ we _________ _________ more information on that issue.
⑦在考虑这份工作的人选时,我们优先考虑那些有一定经验的人。
In considering people for the job,we _________ _________ _________ those with some experience.
prefer that
should gather
give preference to
2.rather than 而不是
【佳句背诵】If you are one of them,I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than complaining.[提供建议]
如果你是他们中的一员,我想说改变事情的唯一方式是做,而不是抱怨。
【温馨提示】(1)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)rather than后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to,但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to的不定式。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Linda,rather than you, (be)to blame for not finishing the work on time.
②She preferred (stay)at home rather than (go) shopping with him.
③We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite,rather than
(divide) us.
is
to stay
go
divide
④很快,她学会了欣赏生活而不是刻薄地判断每一件事情。
Very quickly,she learned to appreciate life_______ _______ _______ _______
everything so harshly.
⑤与其乘汽车出行,我宁可走路。
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________,I’d prefer to walk.
rather than to judge
Rather than travel by car
3.balanced adj.均衡的
balance n.平衡;天平 vt.权衡;(使)平衡
balance...against... 权衡……与……
on balance 总的来说
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
keep one’s balance 某人保持平衡
keep the balance of... 保持……的平衡
【佳句背诵】You’d better keep a balanced diet for the benefit of your health.[身体健康]
为了有益于身体健康你最好均衡饮食。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Jane lost her balance the slippery ground surface and fell over.
② balance,we have a good chance of winning the race.
③The organization is planning for a (balance) budget.
④It is important to keep the balance the development of economy and the protection of the environment.
⑤保持生态平衡对我们来说很重要。
It is important for us_______ _______ _______ _______ ________nature.
on
On
balanced
of
to keep the balance of
⑥总的来说,公司这一年是成功的。
_________ _________,the company has had a successful year.
⑦当这个男孩追赶他弟弟的时候,他失去了平衡,狠狠地摔了一跤。
When he was running after his brother,the boy _______ ________ ________ and had a bad fall.
⑧你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。
You have to _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ in the countryside against the disadvantages.
On balance
lost his balance
balance the advantages of living
4.try out for sth 参加……选拔
try out 试用,试验
try for 试图获得或赢得某物
try sth on 试穿衣物
try one’s best to do 尽力做
try one’s luck 试试运气
【佳句背诵】Having trained for half a year,John tried out for the swimming team.[个人经历]
训练半年后,约翰参加了游泳队的选拔。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Alison’s trying a job as a research assistant.
②We should try our best (attend) to our parents,and make them happy in their later years.
③The clothes designer chose several models to try his newly designed clothes.
④老师鼓励我争取进入牛津大学。
My teacher encouraged me to _______ _______ a place at Oxford University.
for
to attend
on
try for
⑤买衣服之前先试穿一下,确认是否合适,这是一个好主意。
It’s a good idea to _________ _________clothes before you buy them to make sure they fit.
⑥我已决定试着在电台找个事儿做,然后争取做体育节目的播音员。
I have decided to _________ _________ _________ _________ in radio,and then work my way up to a sports announcer.
try on
try for a job
5.desire n.渴望
(1)a desire for sth 渴望得到某物
have a desire to do/that... 有……的欲望/愿望
(2)desire v.想要
desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire sb to do sth 想让某人做某事
desire that sb (should+) do 希望/要求某人做……
【佳句背诵】Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.[社会生活]
伟大来自持久的探索欲望。
Knowing that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held by the local gallery,I’m writing to express my desire to be a volunteer.[活动申请]
得知当地美术馆将举办一场国画展,我写信表达我想成为一名志愿者的愿望。
【即学即练】单句填空/一句多译
①He desires me (go) abroad for further education.
=He desires that I (go) abroad for further education.
②The fans of the famous film star desired that they (watch) his next movie soon.
每个人都渴望成功,但成功只属于努力的人。
→③Everyone success while success only belongs to hard-working people.(desire n.)
→④Everyone while success only belongs to hard-working people.(desire v.)
to go
(should) go
(should) watch
has a desire for
desires to succeed
6.let sb down 使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)
let alone 更不用说
let go (of) 放开,松手
let off 宽恕,免除
let out 放掉,发出
let in 允许某物进入,通过
【佳句背诵】The football team let me down again because they couldn’t get the ticket to the next World Cup.[体育活动]
这支足球队又让我失望了,因为他们没能取得下届世界杯的入场券。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①When she saw him,she let a cry of horror.
②He was let without punishment;we won’t let him so easily next time.
③The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,letting the natural light during the day.
④不要放开我的手,不然我们会走散的。
Don’t _________ _________ _________my hand or we’ll get separated.
out
off off
in
let go of
⑤老板告诉我们不要把这个计划泄露给新闻界。
The boss told us not to _________ _________ the plan to the press.
⑥我们连死都不怕,何况困难。
We fear no death, _________ _________difficulties.
let out
let alone
7.pay off 取得成功;奏效
pay back 偿还,归还;报答;回报;报复
pay for 付……的钱,受……的报应
pay up (把应支付的钱)缴清,付清
【佳句背诵】I also hope that the great effort I am making will pay off.[个人愿望]
我也希望我巨大的努力能得到回报。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①It would take him the rest of his life to pay that loan.
②It’s 50 dollars.I have paid .
③能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。
That I can _______ _______the help people give me makes me very happy.
④你现在不好好学习,到考试不及格时就会为此付出代价。
If you don’t study hard now,you’ll_________ _________ _________ later when you fail your exams.
off
up
pay back
pay for it
8.keep up with 跟上,保持同步
keep at sth 坚持某事
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
keep back 忍住,隐瞒;抑制
keep off 避开,防止,挡住
keep out of 使不进入……
keep up 保持,继续
keep to 不偏离,不离开,遵守(计划、时刻表等)
【佳句背诵】The modern world has been developing very fast.Every country must keep up with the time.[社会生活]
现代世界一直在飞快地发展。每个国家都必须与时俱进。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①We can keep with other companies if we keep the plan.
②Facing difficulties,they are not discouraged but keep their spirits .
③If you conform to school rules you will keep of trouble.
④The doctor thought the girl’s illness should be kept from her because it was cancer.
⑤The local police had warned visitors to keep the beach at night.
up
to
up
out
back
off
⑥他坚持把工作完成。
He _________ _________ _________ _________ until it was finished.
⑦下雨使我们没法出去。
The rain_________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
⑧她忍不住哭了。
She couldn’t _________ _________ _________ _________.
kept at the job
kept us from going out
keep back her tears
9.crowd n.人群
(1)a crowd of 一群,一伙
(2)crowd v.挤满;涌入
crowd in on sb=crowd upon one’s mind 涌上某人心头
crowd into (想法、问题等)涌入脑海,挤进
crowd...out 把……挤出,排挤
(3)crowded adj.拥挤的
be crowded with... 挤满了……
【佳句背诵】He pushed his way to the front of the crowd to get a better look.[个人经历]
他挤到人群的前面以便看得更清楚。
【温馨提示】crowd作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数。强调集体时用单数,强调个人时用复数。在现代英语特别是美式英语中,其谓语动词通常用单数。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①I was nearly pushed over by a crowd children.
②Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding on her.
③Shops were crowded customers looking over the colourful displays.
④He tried to squeeze himself onto the (crowd) bus.
⑤邻居们涌进他们的家里为他们祝福。
The neighbours _________ _________ their home to wish them well.
of
in
with
crowded
crowded into
⑥她在拥挤的列车上不小心踩到了他的脚。
She by chance stepped on his foot ________ ________ ________ ________.
⑦她的房子里挤满了快乐的人,他们随着欢快的音乐唱歌。
Her house _________ _________ _________ happy people who were singing songs to lively music.
on the crowded train
was crowded with
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
1.regularly
A.adv.经常 B.adv.定期地
①We meet regularly,once a month.
②I go there quite regularly.
2.inspiration
A.n.激励,鼓舞 B.n.给人以灵感的人/物;灵感
①This woman is an inspiration to all of us.
②I sat down to write my essay,but found I was completely without inspiration.
B
A
A
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.company
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. After graduation,Jeff began to open his own company.
生义 n. David felt nervous in the company of such an important woman.
n. Mother said that we were expecting company next week.
公司
陪伴
来宾,客人,一伙人
2.pack
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. I began to pack a few things for the trip.
n. The tramp carried his belongings in a pack on his back.
生义 n. What you should know is that wolves often hunt in packs.
v. Last weekend I bought a book that is packed with useful information.
把……包起来
包,包裹
(野兽的)一群,一堆
充满,挤满
3.sharply
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adv. “Why haven’t you finished your task ”the teacher asked Tony sharply.
生义 adv. The bus turned sharply to the left.
adv. The cost of materials rose sharply last year.Accordingly,we were forced to increase our prices.
严厉地,毫不客气地
突然地;猛烈地
急剧地
重点句式——多维剖析
1.-ing形式作主语
【教材原句】Paul knew that being shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.
保罗知道自己比其他球员矮意味着他需要多加练习。
(1)动词-ing形式直接位于句首作主语。
(2)用 it 作形式主语,把动词-ing形式(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。动词-ing形式作主语时,不太常用 it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。常见的能用于这种结构的词(组)有:fun,hopeless,no good,no use,pleasant,a waste of time,no point,useless,worthwhile等。
【佳句背诵】Going to bed early is considered to be a good habit.[身体健康]
早上床睡觉被认为是一种好习惯。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①It is no use (tell) him not to worry when the things are so serious.
②It was a waste of time (read) that book at this good time.
③It is fun (play) with children while you are free at home.
④There’s no point (try) to persuade him.
⑤他的到来将对我们大有帮助。
_________ _________ will be of great help to us.
telling
reading
playing
trying
His coming
⑥覆水难收。
_________ _________ _________ _________ crying over spilt milk.
⑦劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。
a waste of time such a person to
join us.
It is no use/good
It is
persuading
2.否定前置
【教材原句】I don’t think I can play anymore,coach...
教练,我认为我不能再打了……
(1)当主句谓语动词是think,believe,feel,guess,expect,suppose,imagine等表示“观点、信念、推测、臆测”等心理活动的词时,常常使用这种结构。
(2)这种结构的附加疑问句中主语和谓语动词必须与宾语从句中的主语和谓语动词保持一致。
【佳句背诵】I don’t think you’ll be able to understand that even when you are at my age.[观点看法]
即使你到了我的年龄,我认为你也不能理解这件事。
【温馨提示】(1)当主语为第一人称I,we时,通常反问的是从句;而当主语不是第一人称时,则反问的是主句。
(2)若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①I don’t think you ever (hear) her talking about her emotional life before.
②He promised to pay off the debts on time,but I don’t believe he
(keep) his promise,will he
③我认为他游泳游得不好,对吗
I don’t think he is a good swimmer, _________ _________
have heard
will keep
is he
④我认为你在全球变暖的问题上是不对的。
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________
at this problem of the global warming.
⑤我想你不会愿意经受那段困难的时期。
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
that difficult time.
⑥我想无论我说什么或做什么都无法让你相信我没有撒谎。
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________I could say or do that would convince you that I’m not lying.
I don’t think you are right
I don’t think you want to go through
I don’t suppose there’s anything
Part 3 Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
定语从句
一、定语从句的定义
在复合句中,修饰名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
二、定语从句的分类
1.限制性定语从句
它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就会不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切,书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语,关系代词通常可以省略。
The time when I first met Mr White was a very difficult period of my life.
我第一次遇见怀特先生时是我生命中一段非常艰难的时期。
2.非限制性定语从句
它只是对先行词作附加补充说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切,书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。
The old woman,who lives on her own,has a cat for company.
这位老妇人一个人住,养了一只猫陪伴她。
三、定语从句的引导词
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词,关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。关系词的选择可从两个方面入手:一是关系词在从句中所作的成分;二是先行词所指。关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时,用关系代词;关系词在从句中作状语时,用关系副词。先行词指人时,关系代词用who,whom,that,whose;先行词指物时,关系代词用which,that,whose。
关系词 在从句中充当的成分 先行词
关系代词 who 主语、宾语、表语 人
whom 宾语 人
which 主语、宾语、表语 物
that 主语、宾语、表语 人或物
whose 定语 人或物
as 主语、宾语 人或物
关系副词 when 状语 时间
where 状语 地点
why 状语 原因
四、定语从句的关系代词的用法
1.who,whom,whose引导的定语从句
(1)who或whom均可指代人,但who在从句中作主语或宾语,whom在从句中作宾语;两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语时,who/that不可省略;作宾语时,whom/who/that可以省略。
I have many friends to whom I’m going to send post cards.
我有很多朋友,我打算给他们寄明信片。
(2)whose表所属关系,一般指人,也可指物,在从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which;指人时相当于of whom。
My eldest son,whose work takes him all over the world,is in New York at the moment.
我的大儿子现在在纽约,他的工作使他走遍了世界各地。
2.that,which引导的定语从句
(1)which指物,在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语,作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物均可,在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语,作宾语时可以省略。
She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before.
她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。
(2)限制性定语从句中,关系代词只用that 不用which的情况:
①先行词为不定代词anything,nothing,everything,all,some,none,little,few等时。
I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.
我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。
②先行词是形容词最高级或序数词,或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
③先行词被the only,the very,the last,the first等修饰时。
The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。
④先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey.
他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。
(3)关系词只用which而不用that的情况:
①关系词引导非限制性定语从句时。
The boy was away from home for a week,which worried his parents very much.
这个男孩离家一个星期了,这使他父母很担心。
②当从句中的介词提前,构成“介词+关系代词”结构时。
We live in an age in which information is available with greater ease than ever before.
我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。
3.as引导的定语从句
(1)as可以引导限制性定语从句,常用于“so/such/the same+先行词+as...”结构中。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。
【温馨提示】which引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容时只能位于主句
之后。
He kept lying to me,which annoyed me greatly.
他总是对我说谎,这事使我很恼火。
(2)as也可以引导非限制性定语从句,定语从句说明整个句子,可放在主句之前、之中或之后。
常用的这种类似插入语的句式有as the saying goes,as is said above,as is mentioned above,as often happens,as is often the case,as is reported in the newspaper等。
“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” as the old saying goes.
正如老话所说的那样:“人不可貌相。”
【即学即练】单句填空
①The government promises to cut taxes will be popular.
②He always remembered the day his father returned from America.
③There were a few passengers, escaped without serious injury.
④I called him by the wrong name,for mistake I should apologise.
⑤This is the building windows were all painted green.
that/which
on which/when/不填
who
which
whose(共91张PPT)
UNIT 2
Section B LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 3 Grammar
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Read for the main idea.
Part 1(Para.1) a.Advice to avoid injuries
Part 2(Para.2) b.Benefits of running
Part 3(Para.3) c.Greeting and the purpose of writing the email
Part 4(Paras.4-5) d.Equipment needed
Activity 2 Skim for the main structure.
Long-distance running Topic details
Who is it for For 1. ,including beginners
Equipment needed A pair of good 2.
Benefits Help you get 3. and 4. diseases.
Cheer you up
Tips to avoid injuries 5. and cool down properly before and after running
everyone
running shoes
fit
prevent
Warm up
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why long-distance running is a great sport for beginners
A.It prevents runners from getting diseases.
B.It can judge their ability of exercise.
C.It needs a special membership.
D.It costs nothing and is convenient.
D
2.If you are in low spirits,you can cheer yourself up by .
A.relieving aches
B.relieving tension
C.going for a run
D.strengthening your immune system
3.What should you do to avoid hurting yourself
A.Warm up and cool down before and after running.
B.Jog slowly before running.
C.Relax your body before running.
D.Cheer yourself up before running.
C
A
4.Where can the article come from
A.A textbook. B.A website.
C.An advertisement. D.A guide book.
B
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What’s your advice on running
2.Are you a runner Why do you like running
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find Dr.Martin’s advice on running.
If you are new to running,here is some advice for you—it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running,so you do not hurt yourself.A warm-up gets your blood flowing faster and prepares your body before you exercise.After a long run,you should jog slowly for ten minutes, then walk for five minutes.Such kind of warm-down relaxes your body after exercise.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
As is known to all,any exercise can do good to your health,one of 1. is long-distance running in particular.
It has a lot of benefits.On the one hand,it is a great sport 2.__________ beginners,because you needn’t be a membership of a gym and do not need any special 3. (equip).On the other hand,it is a good way 4. (know) yourself and understand what you are capable of.
which
for
equipment
to know
Not only can running help you be healthy and prevent 5._____________ (disease) but also can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and also can make your heart 6. (strong).In addition,it can strengthen your immune system and reduce 7. risk of serious health problems.What’s more,anybody who 8. (feel) down can go for a run to cheer up and make them relieve from any aches or tension because of stress.
If you are a beginner for running,it is important to warm up and cool down 9. (proper) before and after running to avoid 10._________ (hurt) yourself.After a big run,you should not stop immediately.
diseases
stronger
the
is feeling
is feeling
hurting
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.As people often say,any exercise is better than none,but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
[句式分析]
as引导定语从句 but引导并列句
As people often say,any exercise is better than none,but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
[尝试翻译]
正如人们常说的,任何运动都比不运动好,但是长跑好处尤其多。
2.Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart,muscles and bones can take without getting hurt.
[句式分析] 省略that的宾语从句
Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart,muscles and bones can take without getting hurt. that引导定语从句
动词-ing形式作介词without的宾语
[尝试翻译]
确保你跑的量正好合适,你的心脏、肌肉和骨骼能够承受而不受伤害。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. n.通告,公告
2. n.防守队员,后卫
3. vt.使(某人)想起,提醒
4. vi.& vt.停止(做某事)
5. vt.占用,占去(时间)
6. n.令人失望的人/事
7. vt.减轻,缓解
8. adj.令人尴尬的
announcement
defence
remind
quit
occupy
disappointment
relieve
awkward
识记阅读词汇
9.benefit n.
10.equipment n.
11.prevent vt.
12.disease n.
13.detail n.
14.principle n.
15.achievable adj.
好处,益处
设备,装备
预防;阻止,阻挡
疾病
细节
原则,基本的观念
可完成的;做得成的
串记拓展词汇
16. n.申请书→ vt.申请→ n.申请人
17. adv.惊人地,了不起地→ vt.使吃惊
→ adj.令人吃惊的→ adj.感到吃惊的
18. vi.& vt.(使)强健→ n.力气,力量
19. n.系统→ adj.系统的;体系的;有系统的
→ adv.系统地;体系地;有系统地
application
apply
applicant
amazingly
amaze
amazing
amazed
strengthen
strength
system
systematic
systematically
20. n.尤其,特别 adj.特定的→ adv.特别地,尤其
21. adj.能干的;能力强的→ n.能力
→ adv.能干地
22. n.满足,满意→ vt.使……满意→ adj.令人满意的→ adj.感到满意的
particular
particularly
capable
capacity
capably
satisfaction
satisfy
satisfactory
satisfied
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
合成词——两个单词合成一个新的单词:
warm+up→warm-up
half+way→halfway
guide+line→guideline
over+night→overnight
air+plane→airplane
foot+ball→football
green+house→greenhouse
after+noon→afternoon
in+door→indoor
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.in case
2.sign up
3.ought to
4.cheer up
5.厌烦,不满,无法再忍受
6.尤其,特别
7.有能力做
8.继续;保持
9.确保
以防万一
报名
应该,应当
(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
be fed up with
in particular
be capable of
keep up
make sure
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.audience n.听众;观众
【佳句背诵】The audience were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.[活动介绍]
那出戏首次公演之夜观众非常热情。
2.sign up 报名
【佳句背诵】What language class did you sign up for [语言学习]
你报名参加了什么语言课程
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.defence n.防守队员,后卫
(1)in defence (of...) 为了保卫(……)
(2)defend vt. 保护;保卫;为……辩护
defend oneself 自卫;为自己辩护
defend...from/against...防御/保卫……以免受……
【佳句背诵】She spoke bravely in defence of freedom of speech.[个人经历]
她勇敢地为言论自由辩护。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Some think that students should be trained (defend) themselves against some attacks.
②The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in (defend) of their country.
③When a dog attacked me,I picked up a stick to defend (I).
④Their duty is to defend the country the enemy.
to defend
defence
myself
from/against
⑤所有的人都在与洪水作斗争,以保卫自己的家园。
All the people were fighting against the flood________ ________ ________
their own homes.
⑥他请了一位顶尖的英国律师为他辩护。
He has employed one of the UK’s top lawyers _______ _______ ________.
in defence of
to defend him
2.remind vt.使(某人)想起,提醒
(1)remind sb 提醒某人
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起某人/某物
remind sb that... 提醒某人……
(2)reminder n. 起提醒作用的东西
【佳句背诵】Though reminded not to drive after drinking,some drivers are still trying their luck,which is really dangerous.[社会生活]
尽管被提醒不要酒后开车,一些司机仍然心存侥幸,这十分危险。
【温馨提示】熟记下面“v.+sb+of sth”短语
cure sb of sth治好某人的病
accuse sb of sth指控某人某事
cheat sb of sth骗取某人某物
inform sb of sth通知某人某事
convince sb of sth使某人相信某事
rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①This has been a timely (remind) of the need for constant care.
②The teacher reminded us (pay) attention to the pronunciation of the new words.
③The earrings reminded me my grandma when I noticed them in the drawer.
④Please remind me I should bring him a present for his birthday.
reminder
to pay
of
that
⑤照片是为了提醒我们都欣赏美,我们都有享受快乐的共同欲望。
Photos are to _________ _________ _________we all appreciate beauty and that we all share a common desire for pleasure.
⑥我赞同苏珊的观点,她的文章使我想起我当过工人的父亲给我的一份最好的礼物——一支钢笔。
I agree with Susan,whose article_________ _________ _________ my best gift,a pen,given by my father,who was a worker.
remind us that
reminds me of
3.in case 以防万一
in case of... 假如发生……;万一发生……
in any case 无论如何,总之
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
as is often the case (with...) 这是常有的事
in no case决不,在任何情况下都不(用于句首时句子要用部分倒装)
【佳句背诵】Take the note as a reminder in case you forget to buy some sweets for the kids while shopping there.[家庭生活]
带着这张便条作为提醒,以防你在那儿购物时忘了给孩子们买糖果。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Leave me a number so that I can reach you in case an emergency.
② this case,this worker may not need to do a formal impact analysis.
③ is often the case,solving one problem can cause or uncover another.
④任何人在任何情况下都不允许因私事在办公室用那部电话。
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________allowed to use that phone in the office for personal affairs.
of
In
As
In no case is anyone
⑤我们可能赶不上下一趟公共汽车,但无论如何,中午以前我们总可以到
那里。
We may miss the next bus,but _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ before midday.
⑥就像其他老人一样,我祖父也喜欢讲他当年的故事。
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________
other old people,my grandfather is fond of talking about his old days.
in any case we’ll
be there
As is often the case with
4.occupy vt.占用,占去(时间)
(1)be occupied in doing sth/with sth忙于做某事
occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于某事;专心于某事
keep sb occupied 使某人忙碌
(2)occupation n. 占用;职业
【佳句背诵】As a matter of fact,these activities occupied most of my time.[个人生活]
事实上,这些活动占去了我大部分的时间。
He would have attended your birthday party but he had occupied himself with a very important experiment.[个人经历]
他本来想参加你的生日聚会,但是他忙于一个非常重要的实验。
【即学即练】单句填空/一句多译
①Later I went to a café to have lunch,but all the tables____________ (occupy).
②Choosing an (occupy) takes time,and there are a lot of things you have to think about.
这位家庭主妇一整天都忙于家务,累得筋疲力尽。
→③The housewife all day,so she was tired out.(be occupied in)
→④ all day,the housewife was tired out.(过去分词作状语)
→⑤ all day,the housewife was tired out.(动词-ing形式作状语)
were occupied
occupation
was occupied in doing housework
Occupied in doing housework
Occupying herself in doing housework
5.disappointment n.失望;扫兴;沮丧
(1)disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的
(2)disappoint vt.令……失望
(3)disappointing adj.令人失望的,令人沮丧的
(4)disappointment n.[U]失望,沮丧;[C]令人失望的人/事
to one’s (great) disappointment 令某人(非常)失望的是
【佳句背诵】He tried to mask his disappointment with a smile.[情绪感受]
他试图以微笑来掩饰他的失望。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①I am sorry (disappoint) you,but I can’t come after all.
②To her great (disappoint),none of her daughters would like to be a teacher.
③The news that he wouldn’t come was really (disappoint).
④He was very (disappoint) about not being able to go.
⑤I went to his talk with great interest,but my disappointment, nothing very new came forth.
to disappoint
disappointment
disappointing
disappointed
to
⑥看不到她在聚会上他很失望。
He _________ __________ _________ _________she wasn’t at the party.
⑦令他失望的是,从今年年初开始,房价一直在上涨。
_________ _________ _____________,the prices of houses have gone up ever since the beginning of this year.
⑧他没有通过考试,这个令人扫兴的消息让我们感到非常失望。
_________ ___________ _________that he failed the exam _________ _________very ____________ .
was disappointed to see
To his disappointment
The disappointing news
made
us
disappointed
6.cheer up 使高兴起来,使振作起来
(1)cheer sb on 以喝彩声鼓励;为某人加油
cheer for 为……而欢呼
(2)cheering adj. 令某人高兴的
cheerful adj. 快乐的,高兴的
cheerfully adv. 欢快地;愉悦地
【佳句背诵】We all tried to cheer her up,but she continued to feel disappointed.[过去经历]
我们大家都想办法让她高兴起来,但她仍然感到沮丧。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①A thousand supporters packed into the stadium to cheer them .
②Accompanied by (cheer)music,we began to dance.
③Debbie greeted her (cheer),and they got down to business.
④When I was ill,several friends sent me flowers to cheer me .
⑤当他将要放弃时我们尽力鼓励他。
We did our best to _________ _________ _________when he was about to give up.
⑥我们去看足球比赛并为我们最喜爱的球队加油吧。
Let’s go to the football game and _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
on
cheerful
cheerfully
up
cheer him up
cheer our favourite
team on
7.be fed up with 厌烦的,不满的,无法再忍受的
feed sb up 用(大量食物)养肥,养壮
feed back 反应;反馈
feed sb/sth (on sth) 给人或动物食物;喂养
feed sth to sb/sth 喂……给……
feed on sth=live on sth (动物)以……为食;靠……活
【佳句背诵】The rain was going on and on,and I was fed up then.[过去经历]
雨不停地下,我倍感厌烦。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①After working in the business world for a while,Low got fed .
②The cows were feeding hay in the barn.
③I’m really fed up this constant rain.
④几个孩子正在给鸭子喂面包。
Several children were________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
up
on
with
feeding bread to the ducks
⑤蝙蝠在夜间飞行并且以昆虫和水果为食。
Bats fly at night and ________ ________ insects and fruit.
⑥最近她的身体更加虚弱了,你们必须把她养壮。
She has been getting weaker lately;you must _______ _______ _______well.
⑦这位推销员将售货情况反馈到了公司。
The salesman _______ _______ information _______ the firm about its sales.
feed on
feed her up
fed back
to
8.in particular 尤其,特别
(1)particular adj.特殊的;特别的;挑剔的
be particular about sth 对……讲究/挑剔
be particular to do sth 特地做某事
(2)in particular=particularly 尤其;特别;格外
【佳句背诵】The boy likes anything to do with nature in particular.
[人物介绍]
那个男孩尤其喜欢与自然界有关的一切。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①The young girl is going on a diet,so she is very particular food.
②Is there anything in the film that you thought worked
(particular)
③What I (particular) dislike about this lesson is that it is really boring.
④我不怎么讲究着装,我的妻子却很在乎我穿什么。
I _________ _________ _________ _________my clothes while my wife minds what I wear.
about
particularly
particularly
am not particular about
⑤我们不应该瞧不起他人,尤其是残疾人。
We shouldn’t look down on others, _________ _________ _________.
⑥在所有商品中,我对棉布特别感兴趣。
Among all the goods,I am interested in the cotton piece _______ ________.
particularly the disabled
in particular
9.benefit n.好处,益处
(1)for the benefit of=for one’s benefit 为了……的利益
be of benefit to 有益于;对……有好处
have the benefit of 得益于
(2)benefit sb/sth 使某人或某物受益
benefit from/by... 从……中受益/获益
(3)beneficial adj.有利的;有益的;受益的
be beneficial to=be of benefit to...对……有益;对……有利
【佳句背诵】If I am lucky enough to be elected,I will make every effort to serve for the benefits of students and our club.[学校生活]
如果我有幸当选,我将尽最大努力为同学们和俱乐部的利益服务。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①We benefited greatly this frank talk,so we hoped to do that again some day.
②As is well known to all,sunshine is (benefit) to health.
③Some students think labour education will be great benefit to their health,enabling them to be well developed.
④We have brought down prices of medicines the benefit of people.
from
beneficial
of
for
⑤我们都知道书是知识的源泉。我从阅读中获益匪浅。
As we all know,books are the source of knowledge.I a great deal reading.
⑥据说瑜伽对人的身体健康有很大好处。
It is said that yoga _________ _________ _________ _________ _________
human health.
⑦当你帮助其他同学时,同时你也复习了知识,你一定会从中获益。
When you help the other classmates,you can also revise the knowledge at the same time and you are sure to _________ _________it.
benefit
from
is of great benefit to
benefit from
10.equipment n.设备,装备
equip v.配备;装备
equip sb for sth/equip sb to do sth 使某人有所准备;使某人有能力
equip...with... 用……装备……
be equipped with 配备;安装
【佳句背诵】The great importance of the quality of equipment for navigation should never be neglected.[科学技术]
航海探测设备的质量非常重要,不容忽视。
【温馨提示】equipment是不可数名词,没有复数形式,表示数量时,用piece修饰,a piece of equipment表示“一件设备”。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Your training will equip you your future job.
②The company has bought a lot of new (equip) since the new manager came to power.
③Please equip yourself a pencil and a rubber for the exam.
④Owners of restaurants would have to equip them (admit) disabled people.
for
equipment
with
to admit
⑤ (equip)with much experience in teaching,he is well respected by all his students.
⑥大多数父母想让他们的孩子接受良好的教育。
Most parents want to their children a good education.
⑦这所现代化的学校里每间教室都配有一台新电脑。
Every classroom in this modern school _________ _________ _________
a new computer.
⑧他们正在为旅行做准备。
They are _________ _________ _________a journey.
Equipped
equip with
is equipped with
equipping themselves for
11.prevent vt.预防;阻止,阻挡
prevent/stop/keep...from doing sth 阻止……做某事
protect...from/against 保护……不受……侵袭;挡住;防御
keep...doing sth使……一直做某事
【佳句背诵】Although the causes of cancer are being uncovered,we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.[医疗健康]
虽然癌症的病因正被逐步揭开,但我们尚未有任何切实可行的办法来预防它。
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.[提出建议]
小心遵守所有规则,以免被取消资格。
【温馨提示】表示“阻止某人做某事”的短语还有keep sb from doing sth和stop sb from doing sth。其中keep sb from doing sth中的from不可以省略,其他两个短语中的from可以省略;在被动语态中from都不能省略。
We should take measures to prevent the flood (from) threatening that area.
我们应该采取措施防止洪水威胁那个地区。
Unless we get more funding we’ll be prevented from finishing our experimental programme.
我们如果得不到更多的经费,将无法完成实验计划。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He said this would prevent companies from (create) new jobs.
②We must try to prevent our environment from (pollute).
③他的忠告使我避免了犯一个严重的错误。
His advice me a serious mistake.
creating
being polluted
prevented/kept/stopped
from making
④这些防护林带有效地保护了农田,使之免受流沙侵袭。
These tree belts effectively the farmland shifting sand.
⑤他们被拦在了燃烧的大楼外面。
They _________ __________________ _________ _________the burning building.
protect
against
were prevented/kept/stopped from entering
12.relief n.减轻,缓解
(1)to one’s relief 使某人放心的是
give sb relief from pain 使某人减轻痛苦
breathe a sigh of relief 舒了一口气
with relief 欣慰地;松了一口气
(2)relieve vt.解除
relieve sb of... 解除某人的负担/痛苦
【佳句背诵】His jokes provided some humorous relief in what was really a boring speech.[活动介绍]
他的笑话给极其沉闷的演讲增加了几分轻松气氛。
They had to provide a relief bus because there were so many passengers.[社会生活]
因为乘客很多,所以他们不得不加派一辆公共汽车。
A doctor’s task is to work for the relief of patients’ suffering.[医疗健康]
医生的工作是解除病人的痛苦。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①I breathed sigh of relief when I heard he was safe.
②He watched relief as the girl nodded.
③It was relief to be able to talk to someone about it.
④He offered to (relief) me of that heavy parcel.
⑤ her vast relief,nothing had happened:the sun was still shining.
a
with
a
relieve
To
⑥既然,你的女儿大学毕业了,你可以松一口气了。是吧
Now that your daughter is out of college,you can _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.Right
⑦使她欣慰的是有人拣到她丢失的智能手表并交了上来。
_________ _________ _________,someone had found her missing smart watch and handed it in.
breathe a
sigh of relief
To her relief
13.make sure 确保
(1)make sure后面接的成分可以是of/about sth或that从句,但一般不跟不定式。
(2)be sure of/about 确信……
be sure that... 确信……
be sure to do... 务必/一定/必定做……
for sure 肯定,确切地
【佳句背诵】We will do our best to make sure (that) you enjoy your visit.[社会生活]
我们会竭尽全力确保您访问愉快。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Make sure the windows are shut before you leave home.
②Be sure (come) to my birthday party if you have time.
③If they are not satisfied,they will leave one day sure.
④他曾停下来喘口气,同时确定一下方向。
He had stopped to catch his breath and________ _________ _________
his directions.
⑤任何人如果采购食物时没列清单的话,肯定会忘了真正需要的东西。
Anyone who goes food shopping without a list_________ _________ _________ _________ the things they really need.
that
to come
for
make sure of/about
is sure
to forget
14.satisfaction n.满足,满意
(1)to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是
find/feel satisfaction at... 对……感到满意
in/with satisfaction 满意地
be far from satisfaction 令人很不满意
(2)satisfy vt.使满意;使高兴
satisfied adj.满足的;满意的
be satisfied with 对……感到满意
【佳句背诵】Looking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction.[情绪感受]
观赏一幅美丽的图画总会使人心满意足。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①She smiled with (satisfy)at the cheering crowds beside the platform.
②To our (satisfy),the problems were solved.
③She was (satisfy) with the outcome of her efforts.
④It was great satisfaction to have revisited our native village.
⑤她感到满意的是自己的才能被认可了。
She _________ _________ _________having her ability recognized.
satisfaction
satisfaction
satisfied
a
feels satisfaction at
⑥她停下笔来,满意地读了自己已写好的东西。
She stopped writing and read what she had written _________ _________.
⑦我想起一位朋友,她不会用插花来满足自己。
I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers _________ _________ __________.
in/with satisfaction
to satisfy
herself
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
1.case
A.n.状况,场合 B.n.事例,实例
①If that is the case,you will have to work much harder.
②The company only dismisses its employees in cases of gross misconduct.
A
B
2.particular
A.n.尤其,特别 B.adj.特定的
①I remembered a particular story about a postman who was a murderer.
②It was a good concert—I enjoyed the past song in particular.
B
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.defence
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. He has been brought in to strengthen the defence.
生义 n. They planned the defence of the town.
n. The lawyer produced a clever defence of his client.
防守队员,后卫
防御;防护;保卫
(尤指法律上)答辩;辩护
2.benefit
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. I’m a great believer in the benefits of this form of therapy.
生义 v. Both sides have benefited from the talks.
n. Steve didn’t have the benefit of a formal college education.
n. McCary will receive about $921,000 in retirement benefits.
n. There is a benefit performance to raise money for the sick girl.
好处,益处
得益,有益于
优势
保险,津贴
义演,义赛
重点句式——多维剖析
1.宾语从句中的虚拟语气
【教材原句】My friend suggested I should try long-distance running.
我朋友建议我应该试一下长跑。
像suggest一样,后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气的动词还有哪些 这类常见动词通常可用下面的口诀记忆:“一二三四”记“虚拟”
一坚持:insist
二命令:order;command
三建议:advise;suggest;propose
四要求:request;require;demand;desire
外加一个敦促:urge
【佳句背诵】I suggested that we should deal with the problem in another way.[提供建议]
我建议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。
【名师点津】动词suggest后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别是:若谓语动词所表示的情况尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气,此时suggest通常译为“建议”;若谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实,则用陈述语气,此时的suggest通常译为“表明”“认为”。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He insisted that I (go) with them.
②He ordered that it (be) sent back.
③The doctor advised/suggested he (should) not smoke.
④They required that we (discuss) the problem at the meeting.
⑤他们建议我们马上去听讲座。
They suggested_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
right away.
(should) go
(should) be
that
(should) discuss
that we should attend the lecture
⑥这个条例要求所有的职员两点以前到办公室。
The rule requires that all the clerks _________ _________ _________ _________ _________by two o’clock.
⑦这位老师要求学生们准时上课。
The teacher demanded that _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ to every class.
⑧她的表情说明她生气了。
Her expression suggested that _________ _________ _________.
should arrive at
the office
the students should be
on time
she was angry
2.never too...to... 做某事永远不会太……
【教材原句】It’s never too late to start getting into running and exercising...
开始跑步和锻炼永远不会太迟……
(1)too...to...结构,意为“太……而不能……”,too后面跟形容词(或副词),但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时,要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。
(2)too...to...句式中,若too后接glad,pleased,happy,eager,anxious,willing,ready,easy等表示心情、情绪等的形容词,表示肯定意义,too相当于very。
【佳句背诵】I had always wanted to dance and it’s never too late to learn.[兴趣爱好]
我一直都想学跳舞,只要我想学,永远不晚。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He is too weak (carry) the box.
②He is too sad hear the bad news.
③I shall be only too pleased (get) home.
④He was too eager (get) home.
⑤这道数学题太难,我解不出来。
The maths problem is_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
to carry
to
to get
to get
too difficult for me
to work out
⑥他们看起来非常紧张,并且急于离开。
They seemed to be too nervous and _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
⑦学生都非常愿意去看这部电影。
All the students_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
⑧听到这个消息我们简直太吃惊了。
We are _________ _________ _________ _________ hear the news.
were too anxious
to leave
are only too willing to
see the film
quite too surprised to
Part 3 Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
不定代词
不定代词主要有all,each,every,both,either,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no等。还有由some,any,no和every构成的合成代词。不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质,并有可数和不可数之分,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等(every,no只能作定语)。下面介绍几组主要的不定代词的用法与区别。
1.some与any
一般用法:some,any可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句,any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。
特殊用法:
(1)any用于肯定句表示“任何”。
Any child can do that.(定语)任何一个孩子都会做。
You may take any of them.(宾语)你可以带走它们中的任何一个。
(2)some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”“某个”。
Smith went to some place in England.(定语)史密斯去了英国的某个地方。
(3)在期待对方回答yes时,some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。
Would you like some bananas (邀请)
你想吃些香蕉吗
Mom,could you give me some money (请求)
妈妈,能给我些钱吗
(4)some和any还有副词的词性,在句中可作状语。some意为“大约”,相当于about;而any则表示程度,意为“稍微,丝毫”。
There are some 300 workers on strike.
大约有300名工人在罢工。
Do you feel any better today
你今天感觉好点了吗
2.one,both,all
(1)one作定语、表语、主语或宾语,可以指人或物,表示“一个”,其复数为ones;指人时,其所有格是one’s,反身代词是oneself。
One should try his best to serve the people.(主语)
一个人应竭尽全力为人民服务。
This is not the one I want.(表语)
这不是我想要的那一个。
(2)one,ones可以代替上文提到过的名词,以免重复。one,ones前面分别可以用this,that,these,those或the,which等词修饰。
These books are more interesting than those ones.
这些书比那些更有趣。
Here are three pens.Which one is yours,this one or that one or the one in the pencil case
这儿有三支钢笔,哪一支是你的,这支,那支还是铅笔盒里的那支
(3)both用作定语、宾语、主语和同位语,可以指人或指物,表示“两者都”。both应放在the,these,those,my等之前。
Both my parents like this film.
我的父母都喜欢这部电影。
Both the boys are tall.
这两个男孩都高。
【温馨提示】both用于否定句,表示部分否定;表示完全否定时,用neither。
Both of us are not teachers.
我们俩并不都是教师。
Neither of us is a teacher.
我们俩都不是教师。
(4)all用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语,指“全部的”“整个的”,可与可数或不可数名词连用;除少数情况外,一般不与单数可数名词连用;与复数名词连用时,表示“所有的”“全部的”,指三个或三个以上的人或物。
【温馨提示】all用于否定句,表示部分否定;表示完全否定用none。
Not all the ants go out for food.(or:All the ants don’t go out for food.)
并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去觅食。
None of the money is mine.
这钱一分也不是我的。
3.many和much
many和much都表示“许多”,但many修饰或代替复数可数名词,much修饰或代替不可数名词。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语。much有时用作状语。
4.few,little,a few,a little
few和little表示“没有多少”,含否定意义;而a few和a little表示“有一些,有几个”,含肯定意义。另外,few,a few修饰可数名词;little,a little修饰不可数名词。它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语。
5.no和none
no=not any,表示“没有”,用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词,通常作定语。none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。none还可以在句中作宾语。
【温馨提示】none既可以指人又可以指物,no one只能指人。
6.each和every
each(各个),指两个或两个以上的人或物,侧重个体,在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every(每个),指三个或三个以上的人或物,侧重整体,在句中只能作定语。
Every student in our class has a dictionary.(定语,强调班上“所有的人”)
Each student in our class has a dictionary.(定语,强调各个个体)
我们班每个学生都有一本词典。
Each of them has been there.(主语)他们每个人都去过那儿。
The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.(宾语)
老师给每个学生一本新教材。
We each got a ticket.(同位语)我们每人拿到一张票。
7.either和neither
(1)either是“两者中任何一个”的意思,可修饰或代替单数可数名词;neither是“两者中没有一个”的意思,可以修饰或代替单数可数名词,它们可在句中作主语、宾语或定语。
Here are two pens.You may take either of them.(宾语)
这儿有两支钢笔,你可以拿任何一支。
Neither boy knows French.(定语)
两个男孩都不懂法语。
(2)either用作副词,意为“也”,用于否定句的句末。
He doesn’t like tea,and I don’t like either.(状语)
他不喜欢喝茶,我也不喜欢。
(3)either与or连用构成连词,意为“不是……就是……”或“要么……要么……”。
He is either Japanese or Chinese.
他要么是日本人要么是中国人。
(4)neither用作副词,意为“也不”,即“not...either”。
He can’t do it;neither can I.
他不能做它,我也不能。
(5)neither可与nor连用构成连词,意为“既不……也不……”。
Neither he nor you are a student.
他不是学生,你也不是学生。
8.the other和another,the others和others
(1)the other表示“两者中的另一个”;“the other+复数可数名词”表示“其余/他的……”;the others表示“其他的人或物”。others及“other+复数名词”泛指“其他的人或物”。
He got two books;one is a textbook,and the other is a novel.
他有两本书,其中一本是教材,另一本是小说。
Five of the pencils are red;the others(=the other pencils) are yellow.
五支铅笔是红色的,其余都是黄色的。
Some are singing;others are dancing.
一些人在唱歌,另一些在跳舞。
(2)another修饰或代替单数可数名词,意为“(三个或三个以上的)另一个”,不能指两者中的另一个,在句中可作宾语和定语。
This coat is too dark.Please show me another.(宾语)
这件外衣颜色太深了,请拿给我另一件。
Please give me another book.(定语)
请再给我一本书。
【温馨提示】another修饰复数名词时,意为“再,又”。
Please give me another ten minutes.=Please give me ten more minutes.
请再给我十分钟。
【即学即练】用适当的不定代词填空
①I know about this person.
② are doctors and some are nurses.
③There isn’t ink in my pen.
④ are present here.Let’s begin our meeting.
⑤We invited Tom and Jack to our farm.
⑥Please give me the book,the on the desk.
⑦ of these problems is easy to solve.
⑧The shirt is too short for me.Please show me one.
nothing
Some
any
All
both
one
None
another
