(共40张PPT)
Unit 3 The world of science
分层跟踪检测(二)Using language
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A false step and the whole game becomes (被动的).
2.Chemistry is important for me because in the future I want to be a ________ (化学家).
3.They have learned the (理论) seriously,and put it into action.
4.They were making efforts to provide (准确的) weather forecasts during the Olympic Games.
5.It is a place you have to visit and the (非凡的) view will make you unwilling to leave.
6.Shakespeare is not only a great playwright but also a (才华横溢的) poet.
passive
chemist
theory
accurate
extraordinary
brilliant
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Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The discovery of the new drug is (significance) for people suffering from heart disease.
2.The (origin) Venice Carnival came to an end about 200 years ago.
3.Honestly speaking,it’s my power to help you solve such a difficult problem.
4.It has helped me become stronger,both (mental) and physically.
5.Professor Wang said the reason for shortsightedness is complicated and that there is still no excellent cure it.
significant
original
beyond
mentally
for
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6.More than 100 famous films (show) in the city since July.
7.Three new schools (open) in our city in the past five years.
8.It’s the first time that the old computer (check) since I bought it.
9.Great changes (take) place in my hometown,where a lot of new houses _____________________(build).
10.With the problem solved,the quality of our product __________________ (improve).
have been shown
have been opened
has been checked
have taken
have been built
has been improved
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Ⅲ.将下面的句子改为被动语态
1.Up to now,they have completed two-thirds of the project.Up to now, __________________________________________________.
2.The volunteers have sent a huge amount of teaching equipment to those primary schools.
A huge amount of teaching equipment ______________________________ ________________________.
3.Since its opening,the museum has attracted over 5 million visitors all over the world.
Since its opening,______________________________________________ _____________________________ .
two-thirds of the project has been completed by them
has been sent to those primary
schools by the volunteers
over 5 million visitors all over the world have been
attracted by the museum
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4.James has collected more than 2,000 dollars in the past five months.
______________________________________________in the past five months.
5.The researchers have programmed those robots to teach math lessons and answer questions in different languages.
________________________________________________ to teach math lessons and answer questions in different languages.
More than 2,000 dollars has been collected by James
Those robots have been programmed by the researchers
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B 级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:未来生活 难度系数:★★☆☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
Welcome to your future life!
You get up in the morning and look into the mirror.Your face is firm and young-looking.In 2035,medical technology is better than ever.Many people could live to be 150,so at 40,you’re not old at all.And your parents just had an antiaging(抗衰老的) treatment.Now,all three of you look the same age!
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You say to your shirt,“Turn red.” It changes from blue to red.In 2035,“smart clothes” contain particles(粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body.The particles can be programmed to change your clothes’ colour or pattern.
You walk into the kitchen.You pick up the milk,but a voice says,“You shouldn’t drink that!” Your fridge has read the chip(芯片) that contains information about the milk.In 2035,every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.
It’s time to go to work.In 2035,cars drive themselves.Just tell your “smart car” where to go.On the way,you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve.Such “smart technology” is all around you.
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So will all these things come true “For new technology to succeed,” says scientist Andrew Zolli,“it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” The Internet is one example—what will be the next
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者虚构了2035年的某一天。父母和我们一样年轻;衣服可以自己改变颜色;每种食物都嵌入了包含所有该食物信息的芯片;汽车也能无人驾驶。这样智能的科技充满了我们的生活。
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1.Which of the following is true
A.People will never get old.
B.Everyone will look the same.
C.Red will be the most popular colour.
D.Clothes will be able to change their pattern.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The particles can be programmed to change your clothes’ colour or pattern.”可知,未来的衣服可以改变样式。故选D项。
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2.What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A.Milk will be harmful to health.
B.More drinks will be available for sale.
C.Food in the grocery store will carry electronic information.
D.Milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Your fridge has read the chip that contains information about the milk.In 2035,every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.”可知,杂货店的食物将携带电子信息。故选C项。
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3.What is the text mainly about
A.Food and clothing in 2035.
B.Future technology in everyday life.
C.Medical treatments of the future.
D.The reason for the success of new technology.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。本文以第二人称介绍了未来生活的某一天,从智能的衣服、冰箱、汽车等,描述了未来的科技。故选B项。
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B
主题语境:人物介绍 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes(基因),which offers the promise of one day curing inherited (遗传的)diseases.Working on opposite sides of the Atlantic,French woman Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer A.Doudna came up with a method known as CRISPR-Cas9 that can be used to change the DNA of animals and plants.
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It was the first time that two women had won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry together—adding to the small number of female winners in science,where women have long received less recognition for their work than men.The scientists’ work allows researchers to precisely edit specific genes to remove errors that lead to disease.
“There is great power in this genetic tool,which affects us all,” said Claes Gustafsson,chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry.“It has not only made huge progress in basic science,but also led to advances in new medical treatments.”
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Charpentier,53,spoke of the shock of winning.“Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I’d win,but when it happens you’re very surprised.And I wish that this will provide a positive message for young girls who would like to follow the path of science.”
Doudna told The Associated Press,“I actually just found out I’m in shock. And my greatest hope is that it’s used for good,to uncover new mysteries in biology and to benefit humankind.”
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The Broad Institute at Harvard and MIT have been in a long court fight over patents(专利) on CRISPR technology,and many other scientists did important work on it,but Doudna and Charpentier have been most consistently(一致地) honored with prizes for turning it into an easily usable tool.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两名女性科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖,以及她们对于获得诺贝尔化学奖的感受。
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4.What do we know about the two scientists from the first two paragraphs
A.They both work in America.
B.They work harder than other females.
C.They provide a new way to edit genes.
D.They are the first women to win the Nobel Prize.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。第一段第一句提到“Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes”,由此可知她们提出了一种新的基因编辑的方法,C项符合题意。
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5.What is Claes Gustafsson’s attitude towards the genetic tool
A.Supportive.
B.Indifferent.
C.Dissatisfied.
D.Doubtful.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“There is great power in this genetic tool,which affects us all...It has not only made huge progress in basic science,but also led to advances in new medical treatments.”由此判断Claes Gustafsson对于这个基因工具是一种支持的态度。故选A项。
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6.What did Charpentier and Doudna think of their winning the prize
A.They didn’t deserve the honor.
B.They thought it good for them.
C.They were both surprised at it.
D.They would be examples to young girls.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。第四段提到Charpentier获奖时的想法,“Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I’d win,but when it happens you’re very surprised”,第五段提到Doudna获奖时的想法“I actually just found out I’m in shock”由此可知,两位科学家在得知自己获奖时都是非常惊讶的。故选C项。
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7.What is the text mainly about
A.Two Nobel Prize winners surprised the world.
B.Female scientists do better than male scientists.
C.There is research for developing a way of editing genes.
D.Two scientists won the Nobel Prize for gene-editing discovery.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句以及文章内容可判断,文章讲述了两位科学家因基因编辑方法而获得诺贝尔奖的故事。
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Ⅴ.七选五
主题语境:优秀科学家具备的条件 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:7分钟
What makes a good scientist
My name is Clara.I am a climate scientist studying tiny particles in the atmosphere which is a layer of gases that surrounds our planet.I have wondered about what makes a good scientist. 1 .
Patience
2 .They have patience for others,patience for themselves and patience when things go wrong.A few years ago,when I worked on a NASA mission,we
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sent a spacecraft to bring back a sample of an asteroid.The spacecraft reached the asteroid in 2018 and returned with a piece of the asteroid in 2021.Then scientists studied it.
Scientific discoveries do not take place overnight.Many are small and go slowly.Missions often take years to complete. 3 .
Being Open To Others
A good scientist has an open mind.It can be easy to ignore people you do not agree with.But we should be open to new ideas and ask people what they think. 4 .Moreover,we should learn from our mistakes.Success almost never comes quickly or easily.Chances are you’ll stumble many times first,but that’s OK because making mistakes is part of learning.
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Curiosity
Good scientists are curious,but we should also be curious in our daily lives.When we are curious about other people,we can care about them.We can become more understanding.
After all,it is easy to be kind.You can do it anywhere,and a kind action can make someone’s day.You don’t know what people are going through unless you find out.So,ask questions about everything.Ask your friends how they’re doing.Ask yourself what makes you feel alive.Above all,make sure to pay attention to the world and the people around you.
5 .It is our superpower,and also what makes us human.
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A.A good scientist has patience
B.Don’t be ashamed of being curious
C.Sometimes being open can be very harmful
D.That is why having patience is so important
E.Ask your workmates to have lunch with you
F.To me,it is the same as what makes a good person
G.We should do this even when we do not agree with them
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是要成为一名优秀的科学家应该具备哪些条件。
1.F 根据空前可知作者想知道成为一名优秀的科学家的条件,所以接下来应该讲条件有哪些。F项“To me,it is the same as what makes a good person”说明成为一名优秀科学家的条件和成为一个好人的条件是一样的,承接上文,符合上下文语境。
2.A 根据本段的中心词“Patience”以及空后“They have patience for others,patience for themselves and patience when things go wrong.”可知本段是围绕着好的科学家有耐心这一点展开,A项“A good scientist has patience”概括全段的内容,符合上下文语境。
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3.D 根据空前可知此处是在讲作为一名优秀的科学家要有耐心的原因,所以接下来应该对全段进行总结,D项“That is why having patience is so important”总结上文,同时回扣本段主题。
4.G 根据空前可知要想成为一名好的科学家要有一个开放的心态,所以空处应该接着说有一个开放的心态应该怎么做,G项“We should do this even when we do not agree with them”承接上文,而且G项中的“this”指代上文的“we should be open to new ideas and ask people what they think”,符合上下文语境。
5.B 空处位于段首,是本段的主旨句。根据下文可知空处的主旨句应该讲我们的“超能力”是什么,什么造就了人类。B项“Don’t be ashamed of being curious”概括全段内容,指明原因,符合上下文语境。
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Ⅵ.完形填空
主题语境:发明 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:12分钟
A 13-year-old girl from Connecticut came up with a smart idea and brightened the days of hundreds of sick kids.
1 to see her dear sister lying on the hospital bed three months ago,Ella Casano 2 the Medi Teddy,a stuffed animal bag that contains an IV pocket(静脉注射袋).The back of the 3 consists of a net,allowing a doctor or nurse to see through and check on the liquid 4 that a child is receiving. From the front,the child sees a 5 face instead of the IV liquid pocket.
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At the beginning,Ella hoped to 6 $5,000 through a GoFundMe page, which would have allowed her to start producing 500 Medi Teddys,the smallest number 7 by the manufacturer(厂家)to do the job. 8 ,in just over a week,Ella’s page collected more than $20,000.Although her sister recovered soon,Ella was amazed by the unexpected level of 9 and decided to work harder.
She shared with a local newspaper,“It turns out kids aren’t the only ones who get 10 by the Medi Teddy.The 11 for it has been quite obvious among patients,both children and adults,and even pet owners nationwide.We want to continue to 12 Medi Teddys to as many children as we can to make a 13 in their lives.”
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The same motivation has also 14 Ella’s mom.“It’s really been heart-warming to receive such 15 emails from all over the world,” she said. “And it’s inspiring me to contribute to the process.”
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1.A.Sad B.Nervous
C.Angry D.Surprised
2.A.bought B.created
C.found D.filled
3.A.basket B.bed
C.window D.bag
4.A.medicine B.sugar
C.juice D.food
5.A.serious B.strange
C.friendly D.common
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6.A.earn B.raise
C.exchange D.donate
7.A.changed B.collected
C.required D.reduced
8.A.Besides B.Anyway
C.Therefore D.However
9.A.response B.competition
C.treatment D.performance
10.A.surrounded B.comforted
C.accepted D.connected
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11.A.design B.reason
C.need D.test
12.A.leave behind B.show off
C.hand in D.give away
13.A.difference B.plan
C.deal D.decision
14.A.educated B.trained
C.advised D.impacted
15.A.private B.formal
C.supportive D.humorous
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁的女孩发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋,里面有一个输液袋,受到了生病孩子们的欢迎。
1.A Ella看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上,肯定心里很难过。
2.B 根据第一段内容可知,Ella发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋,里面有一个输液袋。
3.D 袋子的背面有一个网兜,医生或护士可以透过网兜检查孩子注射的液体药物。
4.A 根据上文和常识可知,输液袋里面是药物。
5.C 从正面看,孩子看到的是一张“美迪泰迪熊”友善的脸。
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6.B Ella希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5 000美元,用来生产“美迪泰迪熊”。
7.C 根据“by the manufacturer to do the job”可知,厂家要求生产的最小数量是500。
8.D 根据“in just over a week,Ella’s page collected more than $20,000”可知,Ella希望筹集5 000美元,然而,仅仅一周多的时间,Ella就筹集了两万多美元。
9.A Ella对“美迪泰迪熊”出乎意料的受欢迎感到惊讶,这是人们对“美迪泰迪熊”的反应。
10.B 根据“by the Medi Teddy”可知,从“美迪泰迪熊”那里得到安慰。
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11.C 根据上下文可知,无论是儿童还是成人,甚至是全国的宠物主人,对“美迪泰迪熊”的需求很明显。
12.D 根据“to as many children as we can to make a in their lives”可知,Ella会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”。
13.A Ella会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”,让他们的生活有所不同。
14.D 根据“it’s inspiring me to contribute to the process”可知,Ella的动机也影响了妈妈。
15.C 根据“it’s inspiring me to contribute to the process”可知,Ella妈妈收到来自世界各地支持的邮件。
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Ⅶ.语法填空
主题语境:科学讲座 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:10分钟
Chinese astronauts in the Tiangong space station opened a science lecture on December 9th,2021 as they traveled around 1. Earth.
There 2. (be)a lecture and some interesting activities on that exciting day.First,Zhai Zhigang,Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu,all members of the Shenzhou mission crew,greeted students,teachers and other participants as the lecture began at 3:40 pm.They then showed viewers the place 3.________ they live and work.The astronauts carried out experiments 4.______________
the
was
where
to show/showing
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The manned space agency said that more lectures would 9. (hold) based on the country’s manned space flight and would also be presented by some 10. (profession) Chinese astronauts.Such activities are intended to spread knowledge about manned space flight for science among young people.
(show)interesting physical phenomena(现象) in space,5. (include) “disappearing buoyancy(浮力)” and a “water ball”.At last,before the end of the livestreamed activities,they 6. (happy)answered questions from students.7. (million)of primary and middle school students across China watched the 60-minute televised event,which was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class,China’ s first extraterrestrial(地球大气圈外的) lecture series to make students interested 8. space science.
including
happily
Millions
in
be held
professional
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了2021年12月9日,中国宇航员在天宫空间站举行了一个科学讲座。通过此次讲座,全国学生了解到了许多太空的自然现象产生的原因,也让学生们对太空科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
1.the 考查冠词。Earth地球,世界独一无二的东西前加定冠词the。
2.was 考查动词时态。根据句子中的on that exciting day,可知此处谓语动词用一般过去时。根据就近原则,谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。
3.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构,先行词the place在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。
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4.to show/showing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,此处作非谓语。前面名词experiments与动词show构成主动关系,用现在分词形式showing作后置定语,或用动词不定式短语to show作目的状语。
5.including 考查介词。此处后接名词,用介词including符合题意。
6.happily 考查副词。修饰后面动词answered用副词作状语,故填happily。
7.Millions 考查数词。中国数百万中小学生观看了这场60分钟的电视直播活动。millions of数百万。
8.in 考查介词。分析句子结构,make为使役动词,句中interested作宾语补足语,相当于形容词,后面接宾语应符合be interested in搭配。故填in。
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9.be held 考查动词的被动语态。根据句意,more lectures与动词hold构成被动关系,情态动词would后接动词原形,故填be held。
10.professional 考查形容词。此处修饰后面名词astronauts用形容词作前置定语。故填professional。(共28张PPT)
Unit 3 The world of science
分层跟踪检测(三)Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.If anyone thinks he can (起草) the contract more simply,I advise him to try.
2.As is known to all,water (传导) heat faster than air.
3.We must carry the (实验)through to the end,not giving it up halfway.
4.Made of (金属),the statue weighs up to 225 tons and measures 46 meters high.
5.Professor Li will inform you of the detailed (步骤) for doing the experiment.
draft
conducts
experiment
metal
procedure
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6.The stone rolled down the mountain due to (重力).
7.As someone says,the happy ending may be more common in _________ (小说) than in real life.
8. (闪电) is the very bright flashes of light in the sky that happens during thunderstorms.
9.We found further scientific (证据) for this theory.
10.The (闪光灯) of the cameras appeared constantly the moment the leaders showed up on the stage.
gravity
fiction
Lightning
proof
flash
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Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.A good idea flashed my mind that we can make good use of used materials.
2.The scientist devoted himself (entire) to his research.
3.There is no doubt that we should attach great importance __________ environmental problems.
4.It is said that body language accounts 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.
5.Most students in our class go in for all kinds of (science) activities.
into
entirely
to
for
scientific
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6.There is no (prove) that it was the man who stole the money last night.
7.After three weeks’ discussion,they will sign the (declare) tomorrow.
8.The job market has changed and our approaches to (find) work must change as well.
9.The couple were walking in the woods when suddenly a branch hit the wife
the head.
10.Apart my academic studies,I always manage to find time for what I’m interested in.
proof
declaration
finding
on
from
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Ⅲ.单句写作
1.能挣钱并不一定是衡量人生成功的标准。
Success in making money is __________ __________ a good criterion of success in life.
2.我不知道他为什么拒绝进一步讨论这些事。
I have no idea __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ further.
3.如果你认真听课的话,你就能回答老师的问题了。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________,you could have answered the teacher’s question.
not always
why he refused to
discuss these things
If you had listened to the
teacher carefully
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4.尽管我的车很旧,但我不想买新车。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________, I don’t want to buy a new one.
5.弹吉他的一个好处是它能给你带来很多快乐。
One advantage of playing the guitar is __________ __________ __________ __________ _________ ___________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
Although my car is very old
that it can
give you a great deal of
pleasure
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B 级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:个人故事 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:6分钟
In the last two school years,I wasn’t really interested in Science Research.I concentrated on my lessons but after class,I forgot everything.I’m surprised that this school year,I’m not like that anymore.
Science Research Ⅲ is one of the subjects I’m learning while enjoying it.I was scared at first,thinking this would be the hardest subject for me during
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online class,but it turned out fun and I could study it well.I love the way Madam Ventura uses a whiteboard and I really appreciate her effort in making explanatory videos about our lessons.
I have learned a lot in research about types Ⅰ and Ⅱ mistakes,statistic(统计的) tools like z-test.Most importantly,I’ve learned how to write a research paper in IMRaD format with Patricia and Aindrea.Without the research paper writing,we wouldn’t have known each other.Overall,the lessons are challenging.Sometimes I have to watch the videos several times,but it is all worth it because our teacher told us that “Time spent learning is time well spent.”
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There are still a lot to say about my whole experience in Science Research Ⅲ.Because of the research,I made new friends even if we didn’t see each other like in face-to-face classes.I have found discussions in classes really exciting.I admire that our teacher is always willing to go an extra mile to make sure we will learn.She is always considerate and approachable.Gradually,I changed,no longer just memorizing and forgetting.Science Research made me a true learner.I now learn by heart.I never thought I’d want to be a researcher,but now I am looking forward to future Science Research classes.I will never forget that this year is the time when I became interested in Science Research.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者原本对科学研究不太感兴趣,但经过科学研究课程的学习后开始享受学习科学研究。
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1.What does Madam Ventura do
A.A scientist.
B.A statistic expert.
C.A video maker.
D.A teacher.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“I love the way Madam Ventura uses...our lessons.”可推知,Madam Ventura是一位老师。
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2.How does the author feel about her research lessons
A.Tiring and complex.
B.Amazing and creative.
C.Tough but worthy.
D.Strange but rewarding.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Overall,the lessons are challenging ... well spent.’”可推知,科学研究课程虽然很难,但很值得去学习。
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3.What is the author’s attitude to studying future Science Research
A.Doubtful. B.Positive.
C.Unclear. D.Cautious.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I never thought I’d want to be a researcher,but now I am looking forward to future Science Research classes.”可知,作者现在期待着未来的科学研究课程。由此推知,作者对将来科学研究的学习是积极的。
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4.Which of the following may be the best title for the text
A.The Interest in Science Research
B.My Review of Studying Science Research
C.My Favorite Science Research Teacher
D.A True Learner of Science Research
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者对科学研究课程的学习回顾:由不太感兴趣到开始享受。故B项“我学习科学研究的回顾”最适合作文章标题。
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B
主题语境:科学博物馆 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
Science museums are amazing.You can learn so much at a science museum if you live close enough to one to visit on family outings or school trips.In fact,12 of the 20 most visited museums in the US are science museums.
“If you don’t live in or near a large city,you may not get a chance to visit a science museum or any museum.So,while the content is vitally important,their impact is limited.There just aren’t enough science museums,” said Charles Philipp,one of the founders of MICRO,“and with the high costs required to run conventional museums,it’s unlikely that we’ll be seeing a bunch of new traditional science museums appearing all over the country anytime soon.”
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Philipp and his partner Amanda Schochet decided to reinvent science museums by micro-sizing them.They launched MICRO,a non-profit organization that builds tiny six-foot-tall—about the size of a typical vending machine(自动售卖机) — science museums that are portable and replicable(可复制的).The plan is to engage people of all ages with science and to do it completely free in places where people are,such as waiting rooms of hospitals, libraries,airports,and even shopping malls.
To make the museums a reality,they gathered a team of engineers,storytellers, and designers.MICRO’s museums are site tested and lasting.Each of the micro museums explores a scientific topic.For example,the Smallest Mollusk(软体动
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物) Museum explores the world of mollusks and is actually the only museum devoted only to mollusks;the Perpetual Motion Museum focuses on physics and engineering.New museums are planning to explore fun topics in science.
“Our goal is that within five years,we will actually be the most visited museums in the country,” Schochet said.“Our museums are very small,but our dreams for this are huge.” Hopefully one will come to a neighborhood near you soon.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了查尔斯·菲利普计划创建更多微型科学博物馆,使人们更容易获得完全免费的科学研究。
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5.What did Charles Philipp say about traditional science museums
A.They are limited in content.
B.They are expensive to manage.
C.They are located far from urban areas.
D.They are springing up all over the US.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“and with the high costs required to run conventional museums”可知,查尔斯·菲利普认为传统科学博物馆管理起来很昂贵。
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6.What is MICRO aimed at
A.Helping the public get access to mollusks.
B.Making visits to science museums affordable.
C.Building vending machines in science museums.
D.Making science museums easily accessible to more people.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The plan is to engage people of all ages...shopping malls.”可知,MICRO的目标是让更多的人更容易接触到科学博物馆。
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7.Why are the two museums mentioned in paragraph 4
A.To explain every micro museum has a different theme.
B.To show they are the most visited museums in the US.
C.To stress they are the wisdom of people from all walks of life.
D.To indicate every micro museum tends to have a different size.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Each of the micro museums explores a scientific topic.For example...”可推断,本段提到这两个博物馆是为了说明每个微型博物馆都有不同的主题。
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8.What would be the best title for this text
A.Traditional Museums Remain Irreplaceable
B.Science Museums Regain Their Popularity
C.Tiny Science Museums Have Big Ideas
D.Popular Science Museums Meet a Big Challenge
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。根据全文可知,文章主要介绍了查尔斯·菲利普计划创建更多微型科学博物馆,使人们更容易获得完全免费的科学研究。所以“Tiny Science Museums Have Big Ideas”作为文章标题最为合适。
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Ⅴ.语法填空
主题语境:人物介绍 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:10分钟
Albert Einstein,perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics,is considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.Einstein was not only a genius but also a 1. (courage) figure loved by many people.
Einstein was born in Germany on 14 March,1879.At 16,he tried to enter university in Switzerland,but failed due to his low scores in 2. general part of the entrance exam,despite 3. (obtain) the exceptional scores in maths and physics.After studying for another year,he managed to pass the exam,4. (enter) university in 1896 and graduating in 1900.
courageous
the
obtaining
entering
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5. (make)a living,he took up a position in the Swiss patent office.Out of a strong passion 6. knowledge,he continued to study there and earned a doctorate in physics in 1905.Then he published four extraordinary physics papers and 7. (gradual) became famous throughout the world.In 1922,he 8. (award) the Nobel Prize for physics.But circumstances changed in 1933,9. Hitler came to power in Germany.As a Jewish,he had to flee Germany.Finally,he took a job as a 10. (research) at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.Following that,he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics.
To make
for
gradually
was awarded
when
researcher
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代物理学中最伟大的科学家爱因斯坦。
1.courageous 考查形容词。根据名词figure可知,修饰名词应该用形容词,故填courageous。
2.the 考查冠词。根据下文“of the entrance exam”可知,the表示特指考试的综合部分,符合语境。
3.obtaining 考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知,despite是介词,所以此处应该用提示词的动词-ing形式。故填obtaining。
4.entering 考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知,enter和主语he之间是主动关系,所以此处用现在分词作伴随状语,故填entering。
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5.To make 考查非谓语动词。分析句意可知,此处表目的,所以用动词不定式表目的,故填To make。
6.for 考查介词。根据名词passion可知,此处用介词for搭配,表示“对……的热情”。
7.gradually 考查副词。分析句式结构可知,修饰动词became应用副词,故填gradually。
8.was awarded 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句意可知,主语he和award之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。时间状语为In 1922,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。
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9.when 考查时间状语从句。结合句意并分析句式结构可知,此处是时间状语从句,所以用when来引导,故填when。
10.researcher 考查名词。此处指人,再根据空格前的不定冠词a可知,应该用单数形式作宾语,故填researcher。
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Ⅵ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,今天在物理老师的帮助下,你们做了一个有趣的实验。请根据以下实验步骤,用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。
1.准备一支蜡烛、一个盆和一些水,一个比蜡烛稍高些的玻璃杯;
2.将蜡烛置于盆底,并向盆中倒入一些水;
3.点燃蜡烛,将玻璃杯罩在蜡烛上;
4.当蜡烛熄灭后,看到玻璃杯中水面高于盆中水面。
参考词汇:盆basin
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Today,with our physics teacher’s help,we carried out an interesting experiment in class.Before we started,we prepared a candle,a basin,some water and a glass and the glass must be a little higher than the candle.
First,we let the candle stand at the bottom of the basin and poured some water into the basin.Then we lit the candle and covered it with the glass that was full of air.We waited until the candle went out.
To our astonishment,we saw that the water level in the glass was higher than that in the basin.How interesting an experiment lesson we had!(共30张PPT)
Unit 3 The world of science
分层跟踪检测(一)Starting out & Understanding ideas
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Mom,please remember to buy two medium-sized (电池) for my alarm clock when you go to the store.
2.Whenever there is a sale in the supermarket,my mother always ends up buying good (物品) at a low price.
3.He has a (渴望) for success though he has failed many times.
4.Suddenly,a white light (射出) towards my eyes,and I could see nothing.
batteries
stuff
desire
shot
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5.If you want to start the machine, (按) the button.
6.If you are easy to get lost,you’d better take a (指南针) with you.
7.Home-working opportunities and (灵活的) working hours are top concerns for the working mothers.
8.A large firm is (有能力的) of providing a wider range of services for the public.
press
compass
flexible
capable
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Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Developing a habit of playing team sports can reduce (press)and keep fit.
2.Animals in the zoo have lost the (capable) to catch food for themselves.
3.As long as we struggle hard,our dream that seems not to be realised forever,can turn into (realise) sooner or later.
4.The (flexible)of distance learning would be particularly suited to busy managers.
5.Scientists and engineers around the world have made great ____________ (advance) in Artificial Intelligence.
pressure
capability
reality
flexibility
advances
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6.The manager thought Paul was the best person for the job terms of both his ability and his quality.
7.As we all know,hard work is essential for our career and it can lead
success.
8.Thanks his gift for learning foreign languages,Bill can communicate with people freely in this country now.
9.The hotel itself can accommodate 80 guests and addition,there are several self-catering apartments.
10.If you say the word “communication”,most people think words and sentences.
in
to
to
in
of
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Ⅲ.单句写作
1.昨天的交通事故到底是在哪里发生的
__________ __________ __________ __________ the road accident happened yesterday
2.有那么多事情要做,她今天上午没有时间去购物了。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ _________, she won’t have time to go shopping this morning.
Where was it that
With so many things to do
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3.迈克有可能提前完成这项任务。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ the task ahead of time.
4.很明显,五年级的学生比一年级的学生要高。
It’s obvious that students in Grade 5 __________ __________ __________ those in Grade 1.
5.依我看,一个人的成功不能总是从钱的角度来衡量。
In my opinion,one’s success cannot always be measured __________ __________ __________ __________.
It is possible for Mike
to finish
are taller than
in
terms of money
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B 级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:灭火器 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
17-year-old Arul Mathur has developed a new fire extinguisher(灭火器) to help put out wildfires near houses.The fire extinguisher is called the Fire Activated Canister Extinguisher(FACE).
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Over the past three years,there have been almost 7,500,000 acres of wildfires in California alone,which demolish nearly 50,000 buildings.This has caused many local people to become homeless.Arul grew up in New Jersey where wildfires were hardly heard of.After moving to California in 2012,he began to hear about wildfires.In the summer of 2019,a wildfire threatened his family to leave their home.Upon questioning himself on the reason behind the spread of wildfires,Arul realized the fact.By the time firefighters get the notice of a wildfire,the wildfire has already grown out of control.
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FACE can help stop wildfires before they burn houses.It puts out wildfires by itself after sensing extreme heat without humans.It can stand the extreme condition which is a high-temperature environment.Moreover,it has a bracket (支架) that allows it to be placed in a variety of high-risk areas.Unlike traditional fire extinguishers,FACE has a mixture of water and an environmentally-friendly fire retardant(阻燃剂) within it.
Arul said,“I think that by owning FACE,people no longer have to rely on the fire department to save their houses.” Firefighters could focus on controlling the fire,while people could protect their homes.He is now running a pilot test with some of his friends from the media platform Kickstarter.He said,“In general,FACE has been very well-received through the media platform.”
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Arul has great interest in fire safety and prevention and actively searches for ways to spread awareness.He loves to explore advances in technology and he is happy to give communities some advice on fire prevention.Arul is now planning to develop larger units for specific use in forest applications.He said,“Humans have seen great progress in technology.Now,we need to use present technology to develop more environmentally-friendly solutions for fire prevention.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Arul发明灭火器的原因、灭火器的优势及他为火灾预防与控制做出的贡献。
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1.What does the underlined word “demolish” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Destroy. B.Cause.
C.Protect. D.Build.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。本句中的“which”指代“almost 7,500,000 acres of wildfires in California alone”。根据常识,火会摧毁建筑。故选A项。
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2.What can be known about Arul’s fire extinguisher
A.It has to work with the help of humans.
B.It does very little harm to the environment.
C.It cannot stand high temperatures.
D.It uses the same materials as a traditional one.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“FACE has a mixture of water and an environmentally-friendly fire retardant”可知B项正确,故选B项。
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3.What does Arul intend to do at the moment
A.Set up a media platform with his friends.
B.Keep people updated on new technologies.
C.Develop huger FACE for forest applications.
D.Make greater contributions to clean energy.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Arul is now planning to develop larger units for specific use in forest applications.” 可知Arul正计划开发可供森林专门使用的更大的设备。故选C项。
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4.Which of the following can be used to best describe Arul
A.Friendly and wealthy.
B.Lazy but creative.
C.Hard-working but selfish.
D.Clever and helpful.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章可知,Arul听说并亲历火灾后,为了帮助人们控制火灾,保护家园,年仅17岁的他就发明了FACE灭火器,该灭火器有很多优势。由此可以看出,Arul很聪明。此外,他还努力提高人们的火灾安全与预防意识,为防火做出了贡献。故选D项。
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B
主题语境:人物介绍 难度系数:★★☆☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
Sometimes a person who thinks in an unusual way can look at the world from a different point of view.Such was Richard Phillips Feynman,a role model change maker.Born in 1918,he began showing some unusual qualities.
The first sign of Feynman’s unique qualities was that he hadn’t yet spoken by age three.But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.He enjoyed repairing household objects,and built a simple laboratory in his room.By the time he was in high school,he was experimenting things which were only taught to college students.
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After Feynman graduated from high school in 1939,he studied at MIT. Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the best that we’ve seen”,according to Princeton,he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion.Finally,he was accepted and continued to study physics at Princeton where he got his PhD.His lectures attracted many great scientists of the time,including Albert Einstein.
At Princeton,Feynman began his most famous work:his work on nuclear weapons.He moved to a lab and not all of his work there has been released to the public,but we know he performed experiments related to uranium.After the war,Feynman taught at Cornell University,where he continued his studies.He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.
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Then,in 1978,Feynman developed cancer and died a year later.Though Feynman and his work are honored by physicists across the world,his personal qualities and skills are what really make him unique.Faced with all the challenges,he never gave up,doing work that he loved until the day he died.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位备受尊敬的科学家Richard Phillips Feynman,介绍了他的个人经历以及取得的成就。
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5.What do we know about Richard Phillips Feynman from the text
A.Young Feynman showed his talent in every field.
B.Feynman won the Nobel Prize after the war ended.
C.Young Feynman enjoyed managing household a lot.
D.Feynman was diagnosed with cancer and died at the age of 60.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“After the war,Feynman taught at Cornell University,where he continued his studies.He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.”可知,Feynman是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的。
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6.Why was Feynman admitted by Princeton
A.Because he was a Jewish.
B.Because he graduated from MIT.
C.Because he was very gifted in math and science.
D.Because his lecture attracted many great scientists.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were ‘the best that we’ve seen’”可知,Feynman被普林斯顿录取是因为他在数学和科学方面很有天赋。
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7.Which words can best describe Richard Phillips Feynman
A.Selfless and friendly.
B.Talented and stubborn.
C.Intelligent and devoted.
D.Strong-willed and humorous.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段以及第三段内容可知,Feynman很聪明;结合第四、五段可看出Feynman从普林斯顿大学读博到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知,Feynman聪明且专注。
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8.What may be the best title of the text
A.Richard Phillips Feynman’s Unusual Qualities
B.Richard Phillips Feynman—A Respected Scientist
C.A Touching Story About Richard Phillips Feynman
D.The Influence of Richard Phillips Feynman
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,作者描述了物理科学家Feynman的成长过程以及伟大成就,在最后一段点出Feynman的成就举世瞩目,被全球物理学家所敬重。由此可知,B项最符合文章标题。
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C
主题语境:智能眼镜 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
Ten years after introducing “Google Glass”,Alphabet Inc.has created a new kind of smart eyeglasses.The company says the wearable computer device can translate different languages in real time.
A working model of the yet-unnamed device was presented to the public this week during the yearly Google I/O developer conference.Google did not say when the glasses might go on sale to the public.
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The first Google Glass device included a wearable camera that could film what the wearers saw.That caused widespread privacy concerns.The camera element also gave Google Glass a kind of science-fiction look.The latest device looks more similar to traditional glasses.
A brief demonstration of the new eyeglasses described its translation ability,but did not provide additional details.The company also did not say whether the new device would be equipped with a camera.A demonstration explained that a person,wearing the glasses and talking with someone who speaks a different language,can see the spoken words in their own language. The description showed translations involving English,Mandarin,Spanish and American Sign Language.
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The new device is one of several products shared at the conference that are currently in development.The company says the products aim to better connect Google services with activities happening in the real world.This includes company offerings for searching and viewing maps as well as other services using the latest developments in artificial intelligence.
Eddie Chung,a director of product management at Google,spoke to developers about the new eyeglasses.“What we’re working on is technology that enables us to break down language barriers,taking years of research in Google Translate and bringing that to glasses,” he said.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Alphabet Inc.公司研发的可实时翻译的智能眼镜。
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9.What can we learn about the smart eyeglasses
A.They have a kind of science-fiction look.
B.They can translate some languages into oral English.
C.They will be equipped with a camera.
D.They can help certain people remove language barriers.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段“Ten years after introducing ‘Google Glass’...can translate different languages in real time.”以及第四段中“wearing the glasses and talking with someone who speaks a different language,can see the spoken words in their own language”可知,穿戴这种眼镜可以实时翻译不同的语言。由此可知,它能够帮助一些人消除语言障碍。故选D项。
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10.What’s the purpose of this text
A.To share a wearable computer device on sale.
B.To advertise the smart eyeglasses for sale.
C.To introduce a new product in development.
D.To show the development of Google Glass Device.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ten years after introducing ‘Google Glass’,...can translate different languages in real time.”,第二段中“Google did not say when the glasses might go on sale to the public.”以及第五段中“The new device is one of several products shared at the conference that are currently in development.”可知本文的目的是向读者介绍一个正在开发中的新产品。故选C项。
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11.Who are the smart eyeglasses most likely intended for
A.Deaf men at international conferences.
B.E-readers reading foreign original works.
C.Japanese talking with Frenchmen.
D.Travellers searching and viewing maps abroad.
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答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“A demonstration explained that a person,wearing the glasses...Mandarin,Spanish and American Sign Language.”和倒数第二段的“The new device is one of several products shared at the conference that are currently in development.”可知,该款眼镜展示了英语、普通话、西班牙语和美国手语的翻译,而且是用于会议的一种产品。所以其很可能是为参加国际会议的失聪的人设计的。故选A项。
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12.What’s Eddie Chung’s attitude towards the new eyeglasses
A.Concerned. B.Doubtful.
C.Disapproving. D.Positive.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段Eddie Chung说的话“What we’re working on is technology that...bringing that to glasses”可知,他认为智能眼镜是打破语言障碍的技术,故他对新型眼镜持积极的态度。故选D项。
