(共39张PPT)
Unit 3 The world of science
Section C Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Reading for the main idea
The main idea of the passage is
.
whether the story of Franklin’s experiment is true or not
Activity 2 Skimming for main structure
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
fiction
process
effect
true
read
hear
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the second paragraph mainly about
A.Franklin’s opinion about science.
B.The purpose and process of Franklin’s experiment.
C.People’s different opinions on lightning.
D.The role of the metal key.
答案 B
2.For many years,we learn from the story of Franklin’s experiment EXCEPT that .
A.the method of Franklin’s experiment is safe
B.Franklin was very brave to make the experiment
C.scientific experiments are important to the truth
D.the method of Franklin’s experiment is scientific
答案 A
3.What is the purpose of the story of Newton
A.To show the accepted story is true.
B.To show Newton was brave to bear the hit of an apple.
C.To show Newton was lucky to find the theory of gravity.
D.To show the accepted story is questioned by the scientists.
答案 D
4.Which of the following may the author agree with
A.To see is to believe.
B.Every extremity is a fault.
C.Books should be read with reservation.
D.Imagination is the source of creation.
答案 C
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What does Franklin’s experiment aim to prove
2.Do you know any other information about Franklin
It proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
The answer is varied.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing the process of Franklin’s experiment.
He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it.A metal key was attached to the string.A flash of lightning hit the kite,and electricity was conducted through the string to the key.Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock.This,he said,proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing“we should not always believe everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story”
Admittedly,fiction is often more interesting than the truth.People have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves.But in science,facts should be proved by experiments and research,and we should not always believe everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced
1. (generation) of children to science.2. ,new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact.
The story is 3. Franklin flew a kite during a storm in 1752.He raised the kite with a piece of string 4. (tie) to it.A metal key was 5. (attach) to the string.A flash of lightning hit the kite,and electricity 6. (conduct) through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock.This,he said,proved that lightning was a form of 7. (electric).
generations
However
that
tied
attached
was conducted
electricity
However,neither the story nor the details of the experiment are 8._________ (entire) true.Scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key,he would certainly have died 9. the electric shock.Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.In fact,more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
Admittedly,fiction is often 10. (interesting) than the truth.But in science,facts should be proved by experiments and research.
entirely
from
more interesting
Activity 7 长难句分析
1. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place,more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.
引导让步状语从句
主语从句
宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
尽管已证实富兰克林进行了这一实验,不少科学家还是对真实的情形提出过质疑。
[尝试翻译]
2. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key,he
would certainly have died from the electric shock.
引导宾语从句
引导条件状语从句
不过科学家们一致认为,如果富兰克林真的触摸了钥匙,他肯定会因触电而亡。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇 1. v.起草,草拟
2. n.金属
3. n.证明,证据
识记阅读词汇 1.lightning n.
2.fiction n.
3.flash n.
4.gravity n.
5.procedure n.
draft
metal
proof
闪电
虚构的事,想象的事
闪光
重力,引力
程序,步骤,手续
串记拓展词汇 1.declaration n.声明,宣告→ v.宣告,声明
2.experiment n.(科学)实验→ adj.实验的
3.attach v.系,绑;贴→ adj.依恋的,爱慕的;附属于的
→ n.依恋;信念;忠诚;(机器的)附件
4.conduct v.传导(热、电);指挥;实施;带领;举止,表现 n.行为;举止
→ n.导体;指挥;售票员
5.scientific adj.科学(上)的→ n.科学→ n.科学家
6.entirely adv.完全地,彻底地→ adj.完全的;整个的
7.account n.记述,描述;账目;账户 v.解释,说明;(数量上、比例上)占;认为是→ n.会计;会计师
declare
experimental
attached
attachment
conductor
science
scientist
entire
accountant
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-al加在名词或名词性词根后面,构成形容词。
experimental adj.实验的
original adj.最初的,原始的
national adj.国家的;民族的
personal adj.个人的
重点短语
1. 除……之外
2. 把……栓/系在……上
3. 与……一起;连同……一起
4. 有助于,为……贡献
5. 证实真相
6. 发生;进行
7. 不止一个
8. 死于
9. 想出;提出
10. 打在某人头上
apart from
tie...to...
along with
contribute towards
establish the truth
take place
more than one
die from
come up with
hit sb.on the head
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.draft v.起草,草拟
【佳句背诵】You draft a “to-do” list,but most days,you can make little progress with it.[活动安排]
你起草了一份“待办事项”清单,但大多数时候,你几乎无法取得进展。
2.scientific adj.科学(上)的
【佳句背诵】Some scientific discoveries have been perverted to create weapons of destruction.[科学发明]
某些科学发明被滥用来生产毁灭性武器。
3.proof n.证明,证据
【佳句背诵】The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.[法律法规]
此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.declaration n.声明,宣告
declare vt.& vi.宣布,宣称;声明
declare war on...对……宣战
declare against/for声明反对/支持……
declare sb./sth.(to be)+名词/形容词 宣布某人/事为……
It is declared that...宣布……
【佳句背诵】The two leaders signed a declaration after discussing the problem for a long time.[活动安排]
两位领导人在讨论了那个问题很长时间之后签署了一份声明。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级
①To our relief,the leader declared war drugs.
②He wrote a letter to the girl,making a (declare) of love.
③The theory has already been declared to be wrong.
→ the theory is wrong.
on
declaration
It has already been declared that
2.apart from 除……之外
apart from后接名词、代词或v.-ing作宾语,具体用法如下:
(1)表示“除了……外(还),此外”,相当于in addition to或besides;
(2)表示“除了……外(都)”,相当于except或but。
【佳句背诵】Apart from English,he had to study another foreign language while in college.[语言学习]
大学期间,除了英语外,他还要学一门外语。
【易混辨析】
apart from 具有多重意义,既可代替besides,也可代替except或except for
besides 表示“除了……之外(还有)”,即把除去的部分也包括在整体之内
except 表示“除了……之外”,在整体中减去一部分,除去的部分不包括在整体之内
except for 表示“除……以外”,指说明整个基本情况后,对细节加以纠正,其后常接名词
【即学即练】选词填空/单句写作
① (apart from/except for) schoolwork,the children also have to take art,music and sports classes in their free time.
②—Why do you like ads
—Because they have attractive pictures (except/besides) their original slogans.
③ (apart from/except for) providing entertainment,the website is also a helpful learning tool.
④除了你之外,我几乎不认识村里的其他任何人。
I hardly know anyone else in the village .
Apart from
besides
Apart from
except you
3.attach v.系,绑,贴;使依恋;重视
(1)attach sth.to sth.把……附在……上;把……固定到……上
attach importance/significance to...认为……重要/有意义
(2)attached adj.依恋的,爱慕的;附属于的
be attached to附属于;依恋
(3)attachment n.附属物;附件;爱慕;依恋
【佳句背诵】In China,packets of cigarettes come with a government health warning attached to them.[健康生活]
在中国,香烟的包装盒上都印有政府的健康警告。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①She attached a stamp the envelope and mailed it out.
②With a label (attach) to each piece of luggage,it is easy for passengers to recognise their own.
③To be honest,the school is famous because it is attached a key university.
④Please find my application letter and resume in the (attach).
⑤我的父母一直非常重视让我得到良好的教育。
My parents always __________ __________ __________ __________ my getting a good education.
to
attached
to
attachment
attach great importance to
4.conduct v.传导(热、电等);引导,带领;指挥;实施;举止,表现
(1)conduct an experiment做实验
conduct oneself行为;表现;举止
(2)conductor n.导体;售票员;领导者;管理人
【佳句背诵】A chemical experiment conducted in the classroom greatly interested all the pupils.[学校生活]
在教室里进行的一个化学实验引起了所有学生的极大兴趣。
【即学即练】语境辨义/单句写作
①As we all know,heat can be conducted through metal.
②Your children conducted themselves well at the party.
③We have conducted a lot of strategies on English learning.
④My friend went home,leaving me to conduct the band.
⑤The old guide conducted us around the West Lake.
⑥让我们恼怒的是他在聚会上表现不好。
What annoyed us was that he didn’t __________ __________ well at the party.
传导
举止,表现
实施
指挥
带领
conduct himself
5.account n.描述,叙述;账目,账户 v.解释,说明;(数量上、比例上)占
(1)give an account of...描述……
on account of因为,由于
on no account决不(位于句首时,句子要部分倒装)
take...into account将……考虑在内
(2)account for...是……的原因;解释;占(一定数量或比例)
【佳句背诵】Linda gave us a vivid account of her trip to Mount Tai after her return.[旅游活动]
琳达回来后向我们生动地描述了她的泰山之行。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Lighting accounts about 7% of total electricity consumed in the US.
②If they had taken everything account,they would not have made such a mistake.
③教授警告学生说,在他的课上绝对不应该使用手机。
The professor warned the students that __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ mobile phones in his class.
④由于天气不好,我们将运动会推迟了。
We delayed the sports meet __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ .
for
into
on no account
should they use
on account of
the bad weather
、
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
flash
A.v.(使)闪现,显示 B.v.飞速运动;掠过
C.v.突然想到;猛然想起 D.v.闪耀,闪光 E.n.闪光
①The lightning flashed and distant thunder rolled.
②His name was flashed up on the screen.
③A terrible thought flashed through my mind.
④The countryside flashed past the train windows.
⑤There was a blinding flash and the whole building shuddered.
D
A
C
B
E
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
conduct
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. She conducted an orchestra of forty instruments.
生义 v. Most plastics do not readily conduct electricity.
指挥
传导(热、电)
、
重点句式——多维剖析
neither...nor...“既不……也不……”
【教材原句】However,neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.
然而,不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。
(1)neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。其含义是否定的,可连接两个并列的成分。
(2)neither...nor...连接两个主语时,谓语动词的选择应遵循“就近原则”。
(3)若将neither...nor...句型变为肯定句,只需把neither...nor...改为both...and...即可,同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。
(4)neither可以单独使用作主语,表示“两者中没有一个”。
(5)neither或nor还有另外一种用法:当表达“一个人没有做某事,另一个人也没做同一类事”时,可用neither或nor进行简略回答。其结构为:Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语。
【佳句背诵】Without motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.[观点看法]
没有动力,你既不会设定目标,也不会达到目标。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Neither you nor she,I think, (have) told the truth behind the accident.
②I hadn’t been to New York before and had Jane.
③He couldn’t see and nor he hear until one month ago.
④他们做得对。他和Melanie都不需要向我道歉。
They have done that correctly. __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ _________ _________ .
has
neither/nor
could
Neither he nor
Melanie needs to apologise to me(共45张PPT)
Unit 3 The world of science
Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas
素养导航 明目标
语言
能力 必背
单词
重点
短语 in addition in terms of to date
die from come up with focus on
核心
语法 现在完成时的被动语态
主题
写作 实验报告
press shoot flexible capable desire
beyond significant injure accurate mental
cure declaration attach conduct account
文化
意识 学习科学技术知识
了解发明创造的价值
思维
品质 了解科学发明为人类进步带来的影响
表达自己对科技的看法
思考科学家的精神对身心的影响
学习
能力 学会处理语言学习过程中的问题
根据单元内容适当调整学习方法
多方面了解最新的科技发明
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Reading for the main idea
The main idea of the passage is about
.
an interview with the author of the book The New Age of Invention
Activity 2 Skimming for main structure
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
title
past
gunpowder
the compass
the telephone
tech-based
walking house
inventors
solution
create
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why did Richard mention four great inventions in Ancient China
A.To prove the golden ages of invention in history.
B.To tell us the importance of the four inventions.
C.To share his knowledge of the inventions.
D.To compare them with the great inventions of the West.
答案 A
2.According to Richard,what inspires us to invent things
A.The wheel in ancient times.
B.Reduced energy supplies.
C.Advances in technology.
D.The desire to think and create.
答案 D
3.What kind of invention can’t become a reality now
A.Time machines.
B.New energy vehicles.
C.3D printers.
D.Virtual reality.
答案 A
4.What’s Richard’s attitude to inventing a time machine
A.Negative.
B.Optimistic.
C.Critical.
D.Supportive.
答案 B
5.What is the theme of the text
A.The book The New Age of Invention has been published.
B.The present day is a new age for inventions.
C.The great age of invention is over.
D.There have been the golden ages of invention throughout history.
答案 B
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What inventions are mentioned
2.What else inspires people to invent things
Gunpowder,papermaking ,printing ,the compass,the steam engine,the telephone,the radio ,virtual reality,wearable tech,the flexible battery,3D printers,an intelligent walking house.
The answer is varied.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing what inspires people to invent things.
Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution.This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car.Now,reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution have led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles.But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create,and that’s the real spirit of invention.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Dr Richard Fairhurst,1. new book The New Age of Invention has just been published,is an 2. (invent) himself.He thinks there have been golden ages of invention throughout history and the present day is
3. new age for inventions.Most of the new great inventions are
4. (base) on technology,for example,advances in virtual reality, wearable tech,and the flexible battery,which means we should soon be seeing 5. (far) developments.What’s more,important advances have been made in medicine and 6. (environment) science.For
whose
inventor
a
based
further
environmental
example,3D printers have been used 7. (make) replacement hearts and bone parts.8. terms of the environment,it is now possible to create an 9. (intelligence) walking house,and solar technology can be eco-friendly,too.10. remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create,and that is the real spirit of invention.
to make
In
intelligent
What
Activity 7 长难句分析
1. It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions,but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.
that引导的宾语从句
but连接两个并列句
that引导的宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
这表明当今是一个发明的新时代,但许多人可能认为发明的伟大时代已经结束了。
2. Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution.
动词-ing短语作介词with的宾语
that引导的定语从句
[尝试翻译]
大多数发明都是始于意识到一个需要找到解决方案的问题。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇 1. v.射出(光线等),放射
2. n.渴望,欲望
识记阅读词汇 1.gunpowder n.
2.compass n.
3.virtual adj.
4.battery n.
5.stuff n.
shoot
desire
火药
指南针,罗盘
虚拟的,模拟的
电池
东西,物品
串记拓展词汇 1.press v.按→ n.压力
2.flexible adj.易弯曲的,柔韧的→ n.柔韧;灵活
3.compute v.计算→ n.计算机
4.capable adj.有能力的→ adv.能干地
→ n.能力→ adj.无能力的
pressure
flexibility
computer
capably
capability
incapable
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-ure可以加在动词或动词词根上,构成名词。
press v.按→pressure n.压力
depart v.离开→departure n.起程;出发
fail v.失败→failure n.失败
please v.使高兴→pleasure n.高兴
重点短语
1. 想出;想象
2. 取得进步
3. 除此之外,另外
4. 多亏,由于
5. 被用来做某事
6. 根据……来说;依照……;就……而言
7. 无疑地;必定
8. 导致
9. 此刻;目前;眼下
10. 别轻易说决不
think of
make an advance/advances
in addition
thanks to
be used to do sth.
in terms of
no doubt
lead to
at the moment
never say never
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.virtual adj.虚拟的,模拟的
【佳句背诵】They begin to isolate themselves from society and live with their virtual friends.[社会生活]
他们开始与社会隔绝起来,和虚拟的朋友生活在一起。
2.flexible adj.易弯曲的,柔韧的
【佳句背诵】Your body grow more flexible as you move from one pose to another.[身体健康]
当你从一个姿势转换成另一个姿势时,你的身体会变得更加灵活。
3.stuff n.东西,物品
【佳句背诵】It’s amazing how people collect so much stuff over the years.[观点看法]
人们这些年下来竟能收集到这么多东西,真令人惊奇。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.press v.按,压;逼迫 n.压;按;出版社;报刊;新闻业
(1)press sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事
press against使贴着
(2)pressure n.压力
under pressure在压力之下,承受压力
peer pressure同龄压力
【佳句背诵】If you press the button,this instrument can shoot a blue light through a wall.[科学技术]
如果你按下这个按钮,这台仪器可以穿透墙壁射出蓝光。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①The military was pressed (make) a final decision as soon as possible.
②To our embarrassment,Michael took a few steps backwards and pressed his back the wall.
③青少年发现很难抵抗同龄人的压力,这使得他们需要成年人的帮助。
Teenagers find it difficult to resist ,which makes them in need of assistance from adults.
to make
against
peer pressure
2.in addition 除此之外,另外
(1)in addition(=as well/besides)为副词短语,常放在句首
(2)in addition to(=as well as/besides/apart from)为介词短语,意为“除……之外”,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
【佳句背诵】I don’t want to buy that dress.I disliked its pattern.In addition,the colour didn’t suit me.[观点看法]
我不想买那条裙子。我不喜欢它的样式。另外,那个颜色不适合我。
【即学即练】短语填空(in addition,in addition to)/句型转换
① the school,the village has a clinic,which was also built with government support.
②English classes are offered. ,students can take classes in other languages.
③He gets a basic salary.In addition,he has a bonus of 300 yuan per month.
→ ,he has a bonus of 300 yuan per month.
In addition to
In addition
In addition to a basic salary
3.in terms of在……方面;依据;按照
in the short term 从短期来看;就眼前来说
in the long term从长远来看
on one’s own terms 按照自己的条件
be on good terms with sb.与某人关系良好
【佳句背诵】It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.[观点看法]
人们普遍认为,应该从综合素质的角度来评价学生。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①I’ll only take the job my own terms.
②Such a development seems unlikely,at least the short term.
③We have been on good terms our neighbours for all these years.
④就薪水而言,这个工作倒是不错,但是也有一些不利之处。
The job is great the salary,but it also has some disadvantages.
on
in
with
in terms of
4.capable adj.有能力的
(1)be capable of...有能力做……
(2)capability n.能力;才能
the capability to do/of doing sth.做某事的能力
beyond one’s capability 超出某人的能力
(3) incapable adj.没有能力(做某事)的;不能自理的
capably adv.能干地
【佳句背诵】The manager is now in need of a capable assistant who can deal with matters in his absence.[活动安排]
经理现在正需要一个能在他不在时解决问题的有能力的助手。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①The machine capable computing complex numbers was invented by Tom.
②Platypus has a (capable) to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.
③We should help those who are (capable)of taking care of their personal affairs.
④我有能力照顾自己。
→ (capable)
→ (capability)
of
capability
incapable
I’m capable of taking care of myself.
I have the capability to take/of taking care of myself.
5.desire n.渴望,欲望 vt.渴望,希望;要求
(1)have a desire to do sth.渴望做某事
have a desire for sth.急于得到某物
(2)desire sth./to do sth.渴望某物/做某事
desire sb./sth.to do sth.渴望某人/某物做某事
desire that...(should) do sth.渴望……做某事
【佳句背诵】Knowing that a Chinese painting exhibition will be hosted by the local gallery,I’m writing to express my desire to be a volunteer.[申请信]
了解到一个中国画展将由本地美术馆主办,所以我写信来表达我想成为一名志愿者的愿望。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①He passionately desired (continue) his career.
②Fashion is a competitive and hard business where people’s desire_______ new ideas is hard to satisfy.
③The old woman desired her son and daughter (come) and see her from time to time.
④The people trapped in the ruins desire that rescue teams _______________ (send) here without delay.
to continue
for
to come
(should) be sent
⑤每个人都渴望成功,而成功只属于努力的人。
→Everyone success while success only belongs to people who are hard-working.(v.desire)
→Everyone success while success only belongs to people who are hard-working.(n.desire)
【名师点津】动词desire后的宾语从句和名词desire后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词为(should) do。
desires to achieve
has a desire for
、
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
battery
A.电池 B.殴打罪 C.一排;一套
①Lawrence punched a man in a Los Angeles nightclub and was charged with battery.
②The device can recharge a battery in about 25 minutes.
③They stopped beside a battery of abandoned guns.
B
A
C
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
shoot
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. A woman was shot dead in an attempted robbery.
生义 v. Flames were shooting up through the roof.
(开枪)射死
冲,扑
、
重点句式——多维剖析
1.“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构
【教材原句】And now,we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
而现在,我们发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
(1)句中的find ourselves in the great new age of technology是“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
(2)“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构的常见类型:
(3)在“find+形式宾语it+宾语补足语+to do”结构中,宾语补足语常是名词或形容词,真正的宾语往往是动词不定式。
【佳句背诵】After a long time,I found the young man (to be) very capable.[观点看法]
很长一段时间之后,我发现这个年轻人很有能力。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①When she arrived home,she found her pet cat (lie) in the yard.
②The boy ran to his pet dog,only to find it (injure).
③I found it impossible (build) a fountain in such a narrow place.
④When she entered her son’s room,she found that he was crying.
→When she entered her son’s room,she .
lying
injured
to build
found him crying
2.强调句型
【教材原句】So what is it that inspires us to invent things
到底是什么激励我们去发明东西呢
(1)本句为强调句型的特殊疑问句,即:“特殊疑问词+is/was+it that+其他成分 ”。构成强调句型的it本身没有词义,但不能用其他词代替。
(2)强调句的基本结构:“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分.”。
强调句的一般疑问句式:“Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分 ”。
“not...until...”结构的强调句型:“It is/was not until...that+其他成分.”。
(3)被强调部分指人时用that/who均可,其他情况一律用that。
(4)被强调部分无论是单数还是复数,it后的be动词均用单数形式,即用is或was。用is还是was要根据原句的时态而定。
【佳句背诵】Who was it that came up with the good idea [观点看法]
是谁提出了这个好主意
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Some great people said that it was their primary school teachers_________ influenced their whole lives.
②It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.
③It was not until the train pulled into the station he found that his suitcase had gone.
that/who
that
that
④是露西经常在学习上帮助我。(强调主语)
⑤你是在哪儿找到那个小男孩的 (强调句型)
It is Lucy who/that often helps me with my study.
Where was it that you found the little boy (共32张PPT)
Unit 3 The world of science
Section B Using language
Part 1 Language points
Part 2 Grammar
目录索引
Part 1 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇 1. prep.无法……
2. n.例子,实例
3. n.物种
4. n.学说,理论
5. n.药剂;疗法
beyond
instance
species
theory
cure
识记阅读词汇 1.field research
2.stream n.
3.brilliant adj.
4.radium n.
5.natural selection
实地研究,实地调研
小河,小溪
聪颖的,才华横溢的
镭(一种化学元素)
自然选择
串记拓展词汇 1.passive adj.被动的→ adv.消极地;被动地
2.significant adj.重要的,影响深远的→ n.意义;重要性
3.injure v.使受伤,弄伤→ n.伤口,受伤处
→ adj.受伤的
4.chemist n.化学家→ n.化学
5.astronomer n.天文学家→ n.天文学
6.biologist n.生物学家→ n.生物学
passively
significance
injury
injured
chemistry
astronomy
biology
串记拓展词汇 7.accurate adj.精确的→ adv.精确地;准确地
8.minor adj.小的→ n.少数;少数派;少数民族
9.origin n.起源,起因→ adj.原来的;起初的;最早的
10.extraordinary adj.非凡的,出色的→ adj.普通的
11.mental adj.精神的;精神健康的→ adv.精神上;智力上
accurately
minority
original
ordinary
mentally
重点短语
1. 以……命名
2. 因……而著名
3. 由于
4. 和……一起
5. 被认为……
6. 朝……推进
7. 被公认为……
8. 无法辨认
be named after
be known for
due to
along with
be regarded as
make an advance towards
be recognised as
beyond recognition
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.accurate adj.精确的
【佳句背诵】It’s difficult to make accurate predictions about the effects on the environment.[观点看法]
很难准确预测对环境产生的影响。
2.extraordinary adj.非凡的,出色的
【佳句背诵】She sometimes comes out with the most extraordinary remarks. [人物描写]
她有时说起话来语惊四座。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.beyond prep.无法……;超出(某个数量、水平或限度);晚于,迟于
beyond recognition 无法辨认
beyond description 无法形容
beyond belief令人难以置信
beyond compare无与伦比
beyond one’s control 超出某人的控制
beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力
beyond one’s reach 在某人够不到的地方
【佳句背诵】The beauty of the West Lake is entirely beyond expression.[风景描写]
西湖之美是完全无法形容的。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①The scenery along the lake is beautiful beyond (describe).
②His success was beyond (believe) since his competitor was so experienced.
③The town has changed recognition since I was last here.
④Her performance at yesterday’s concert was (无与伦比).
description
belief
beyond
beyond compare
2.significant adj.重要的;影响深远的
(1)significance n.意义;重要性;重要意义
be of (great/no/little) significance to/for... 对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to重视;认为重要
(2) significantly adv.显著地;重大地
【佳句背诵】Please inform us if there are any significant changes in your plans.[活动安排]
如果你们的计划有任何重大变动,请通知我们。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①The question being discussed now is great significance.
②Under great pressure,she paused (significant) before she answered.
③With time going by,people think education is very important.
→With time going by,people education.
of
significantly
attach great significance to
3.injure v.使受伤,弄伤
(1)injured adj.受伤的
the injured伤者
be/get injured受伤
(2)injury n.伤,损害
do sb.an injury=do an injury to sb.伤害某人;加害于某人
【佳句背诵】First aid is very essential in our life,especially when people suddenly fall ill or get injured.[医疗救治]
在我们的生活中,急救非常重要,特别是在有人突发疾病或受伤的时候。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①After the accident,the injured (take) to the nearest hospital in no time.
②An man was taken to the hospital,where the doctors found he suffered severe to the head and arms and they wondered who
him.(injure)
③如果你那样锻炼的话,你会受伤的。
→If you exercise like that,you’ll .(do sb.an injury)
→If you exercise like that,you’ll .(do an injury to sb.)
→If you exercise like that,you’ll .(injured)
were taken
injured
injuries
had injured
do yourself an injury
do an injury to yourself
get injured
4.cure n.药剂;疗法 vt.治愈;治疗;改掉(坏习惯)
(1)a cure for...……的治疗方法;解决问题的措施
(2)cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的(某种疾病);改正某人的(不良行为)
【佳句背诵】Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely to have been formed at a very young age.[观点看法]
许多坏习惯特别难以纠正,因为它们可能在人们年幼时就已经形成了。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①These doctors are determined to devote themselves to finding a new cure
lung cancer sooner or later.
②Thanks to the help of the expert,he was cured the terrible disease successfully.
③在父母和老师的帮助下,我改正了一些缺点,在学习上取得了进步。
With the help of my parents and teachers,
.
for
of
I cured some shortcomings and made progress in my study
【名师点津】与“cure sb.of sth.”结构相似的短语:
①rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人的某物
②inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
③remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事
④warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
Part 2 Grammar
情景导入
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
现在完成时的被动语态
Have you ever heard of Uluru Actually,it is called Ayers Rock by some people,too.Located in the southern part of the Northern Territory in central Australia,Uluru is a large sandstone rock formation.Uluru used to be open to the public.However,it has been closed since October 26,2019.In 1994,Uluru was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Besides,Uluru has been considered a major attraction for decades and tourists from all over the world have been attracted by it.It’s said that the ban was announced in 2007 for the
first time and most visitors observed it.Australia’s tourist association said that the rock has been climbed by only 16 percent of visitors since 2017.A local man named Rameth Thomas explained to the BBC how important the rock is to the people.“I have been told that the place is very sacred(神圣的) since I was a little boy.Our stories are all on the rock,” said Thomas.
【语法感悟】
1.以上黑体部分中都使用了 。
2.其构成为
现在完成时的被动语态
have/has been+过去分词
语法精讲
一、概念
现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作,它有两层意思:动作已经完成,强调对现在造成的影响或结果;主语与谓语动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。
Our classroom has been cleaned.You needn’t clean it now.
我们的教室已经被打扫过。你现在没有必要再打扫了。
These flowers have been watered.You can go home.
这些花已经被浇水了。你可以回家了。
二、构成
肯定式 主语+have/has been done...
否定式 主语+have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 Have/Has+主语+been done...
特殊疑问式 疑问词+have/has+主语+been done...
【即学即练】单句写作
①来自国内外的大量游客已被吸引到海南度假。
Large numbers of tourists from home and abroad _____________________ to Hainan for holidays.
②为了阻止空气污染,政府已经采取了很多措施。
A lot of measures by the government in order to stop air pollution.
have been attracted
have been taken
③大量的各类人才已被引进西安。
Large quantities of various talents to Xi’an.
④下次会议的日期已确定了吗
the date for the next meeting
⑤自1990年以来,这家工厂生产了多少辆汽车
How many cars by the factory since 1990
have been introduced
Has
been decided
have been produced
三、用法
1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。
The machine has already been repaired.
机器已经被修好了。
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能一直持续下去,常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于 “How long... ” 句型中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
How long have you been employed by this company
你受雇于这家公司多长时间了
3.用于时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已经完成的动作,即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业完成之前,你不应该离开学校。
【名师点津】常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:
recently/lately (最近),since then (从那时起),ever since (自从),by now (到现在为止),for a long time (很长一段时间),ever (曾经),in recent years (在最近几年里),yet (已经),in/during/over the past/last years (在过去的几年里), already (已经),so far (迄今为止)等。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
①People’s lives (change) recently.
②The construction of the two new railway lines ______________________ (complete) by now.
③They can’t go to school tomorrow because the school houses
(damage) in a fire.
④A lot of new houses (build) in that village since the beginning of this century.
have been changed
has been completed
have been damaged
have been built
四、注意事项
1.只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
His boss has already punished him.
→He has already been punished by his boss.
他的老板已经惩罚了他。
2.带有双宾语的动词,如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,
pass,promise等,变为被动语态时,一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。
The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently.
→He has been given a chance to work abroad recently by the company.
→A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently by the company.
最近公司给了他一次出国工作的机会。
【即学即练】把下列句子改成被动句
①People have cut down many big trees along the stream to build houses.
②They have spent large quantities of funds in bringing up the three children.
③I haven’t found my schoolbag.
Many big trees along the stream have been cut down by people to build houses.
Large quantities of funds have been spent by them in bringing up the three children.
My schoolbag hasn’t been found by me.
④He has sold out all his bikes in the shop.
All his bikes in the shop have been sold out by him.
