(共41张PPT)
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
分层跟踪检测(二)Using language
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.With changes in the social and family structure,it’s (预测) that the pet economy will have a broader market prospect.
2.I think we should work out a plan to deal with this (危机).
3.He knew he could get through any (紧急情况) if he tried his best.
4.This year marks the 53rd anniversary of the successful launch of China’s first (人造卫星),DFH-1.
5.It is highly necessary to protect ourselves against the dangers of the coming
(台风).
forecast/forecasted
crisis
emergency
satellite
typhoon
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6.When the (营救人员) reached the ruins,they saw many dead bodies.
7.Nobody knows (精确地) how many people are still living in the camp.
8.Luckily,the old couple were (营救) by the local people.
9.Before the thief was able to run away,the young man (抓住) the thief by the collar.
10.The severe earthquake (夺去) the lives of thousands of people in 2008.
rescuers
precisely
rescued
grabbed
claimed
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Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Based on scientific research,the report is (rely) and convincing.
2.Can you give a more (precisely) definition of the English word
3.The ballet school offers free places to children who are ______________ (exceptional) talented.
4.Air pollution is what most Chinese people are concerned about nowadays,because their health (threaten).
5.The lake by the village is reported (claim)the lives of many children in the past three years.
reliable
precise
exceptionally
is being threatened
to have claimed
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6.Research has shown that isolating themselves from others might result
depression among teenagers.
7.In these days of technological change we all suffer information overload in daily life.
8.On the way the company,I came across my friend who moved to Beijing two years ago.
9.The program consists recitation,singing,word spelling, storytelling and so on.
10.He left the important information on purpose when asked about the case.
in
from
to
of
out
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Ⅲ.句型转换(使用省略结构)
1.Just take a short break if you are tired.
→Just take a short break .
2.The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.
→The burn was red and .
3.Only some of the students have done a first-aid course but most of the students haven’t done a first-aid course.
→Only some of the students have done a first-aid course but
.
if tired
she got from the iron
very painful
most haven’t
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4.John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not go abroad to travel.
→John will go abroad to travel but _____________________________.
5.She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.
→She stood at the gate .
his brother will not
as if waiting for someone
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B 级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:地震 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:7分钟
An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters.It may cause great damage.So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.
Fragile items,like those made of glass should usually be placed on a lower surface,near the ground instead of placing them on cupboards higher up.Never place them near your bed,sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down.When there is a strong movement,these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
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There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire outbreaks during an earthquake.Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.
During an earthquake,lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged.Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you.Never use the elevator to go down.Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.Use the staircases at all times.
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If you are outdoors,do not take shelter under a tree,streetlights,electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving,stop your car and stay in a safe place.Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.
If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆),cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can find you.Use a whistle (哨子) if it is available.Never shout for help.Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust.Do not light a match because you may burn yourself.Do not move about or kick up dust.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉读者在地震发生时,应该采取什么样的安全措施。
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1.What does the underlined word “Fragile” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Easily broken. B.Easily found.
C.Expensive. D.Heavy.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“like those made of glass”可知,玻璃制品容易碎。由like可知,下文是对fragile items的举例说明,由此推知画线词的意思是“易碎的”。
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2.To reduce the injury from the earthquake,where should items made of glass be put
A.On cupboards.
B.In the bedroom.
C.On a lower surface.
D.The places where children can’t reach them.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的“like those made of glass should usually be placed on a lower surface,near the ground instead of placing them on cupboards higher up”可知,玻璃制品应该放在低的水平面上。
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3.During an earthquake,what are people advised to do
A.Go out of the building at once.
B.Turn off power and gas immediately.
C.Take shelter under a tree.
D.Drive to a safe place.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens”可知,地震时在室内的话应首先关闭电源和煤气。
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4.What does the passage tell to readers
A.The damage caused by earthquakes.
B.The rescue work after earthquakes.
C.What to do during earthquakes.
D.How to prevent earthquakes.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容,尤其是第一段可推知,本文的主要目的是介绍地震时应采取的一些安全措施。
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B
主题语境:森林大火 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:7分钟
Peruvian firefighters were fighting to control a forest fire near Machu Picchu on Thursday,as the flames threatened to close in on the ancient city high in the Andean mountains.
Machu Picchu,a site of Inca ruins sitting on top of a mountain,was built in the mid-15th century by the Incas,whose empire controlled large areas of South America from what is today southern Ecuador to central Chile. Considered as one of the new seven wonders of the world,it is a top tourist attraction in Cusco,Peru.
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The fire,which had damaged an area about half the size of Vatican City,was started on June 28,2022 by farmers burning grass to prepare to plant new seeds.Since Tuesday,about 20 hectares (49 acres) had been affected by the fire,the mayor of the nearby city of Cusco said.
The fire’s remoteness greatly influenced firefighting efforts.“We have already been fighting the forest fire for two days and it has not been possible to get it under control,for the area is quite far away and hard to reach,” said Roberto Abarca,director of the Cusco Risk Management and Security Office.
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Some 600 firefighters and volunteers battled the fire,and helicopters dropped retardants(阻燃剂) in front of the flames to prevent them from spreading to archaeological(考古学的) sites.“The fire has left the critical zone where there are archaeological monuments,but is still burning fiercely,” the government said.
While South America’s top archaeological treasure was safe from the fire, experts feared the destruction of thousands of acres of nearby forest would damage Machu Picchu’s attraction to tourists.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了发生于秘鲁马丘比丘附近的一场森林大火。
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5.What can be learned about Machu Picchu
A.It has a history of a thousand years.
B.How and why it was built remains unknown.
C.It covers an area from southern Ecuador to central Chile.
D.It is regarded as one of the new seven wonders of the world.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可知,马丘比丘被认为是世界新七大奇迹之一。
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6.What do we know about the fire from the passage
A.It was put out before it reached archaeological sites.
B.Its remoteness added to the difficulty of firefighting.
C.It was started when farmers were planting new seeds.
D.It affected about 49 acres of Machu Picchu altogether.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知,偏远的地势增加了灭火的难度。
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7.How does the writer show the seriousness of the fire
A.By using numbers.
B.By giving definitions.
C.By providing examples.
D.By making comparison.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,这场大火烧毁了约半个梵蒂冈城大小的区域,约有20公顷(49英亩)的土地受到火灾影响。由此推测,作者是用数字展示了火灾的严重性。
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8.Where is the passage probably taken from
A.A story collection.
B.A tourist brochure.
C.A weekly newspaper.
D.A geography magazine.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述的是2022年6月28日开始的马丘比丘附近的一场森林大火的现状,故文章最可能是一篇新闻报道,摘自一份周报。
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Ⅴ.七选五
主题语境:自然灾害 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:7分钟
China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world.There are many kinds of disasters,with wide distribution,high frequency and heavy losses.In the background of global climate change,major natural disasters occur from time to time. 1 It makes China face even much more severe and complex situations.In order to raise the awareness of disaster prevention and minimize the losses,warnings and instructions are given to the public. 2 Let’s have a look.
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Fire
When a fire breaks out,smoke threatens mostly. 3 Roll on the ground if you find your clothes on fire.It is too dangerous to take the elevator in this situation,so it is better to use a bundle of rope and safely slide down from the balcony.Jumping off the building blindly will cause serious injuries.
Mud-rock flow
Rainstorms may cause mud-rock flow,and it’s really dangerous to stay downstream.When you try to escape from it,instead of going along the bottom of the ditch,it is much wiser to climb up the mountain horizontally and quickly. Please escape from the ditch when selecting a camping field.It’s important to check the weather when going into the mountain.
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Flood
4 We could use a wooden bed or table to make a raft and tie it to a big tree with a safety rope.We have to prepare food and warm clothes to get through it.
Lightning strike
On cloudy and rainy days,a lightning strike may happen. 5 Of course, you also should stay away from iron tower poles.We need to pay attention to it even when we stay at home.Close the doors,windows and cut off the power.
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A.Cut off the power and shut off water sources.
B.Please don’t stand under the tree in such kind of weather.
C.Try to find a higher place,but staying on a roof isn’t a good choice.
D.First you need to take shelter,and then find a gap under the table or bed.
E.Losses caused by natural disasters in China are continuously increasing.
F.They also play a part in popularizing the knowledge and self-rescue skills.
G.In that case,please cover your nose and your mouth with a wet towel.
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种重大自然灾害下的防灾自救知识。
1.E 根据上文“In the background of global climate change,major natural disasters occur from time to time.”以及下文“It makes China face even much more severe and complex situations.”可知E项“中国自然灾害造成的损失不断增加。”承接上文有许多自然灾害,损失不断增加,引出下文面临更严峻和复杂的形势。
2.F 根据上文“In order to raise the awareness of disaster prevention and minimize the losses,warnings and instructions are given to the public.”可知为了提高防灾意识,最大限度地减少损失,政府向公众发出警告和指示。F项“它们还在普及知识和自救技能方面发挥了作用。”与上文为并列关系。
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3.G 根据上文“When a fire breaks out,smoke threatens mostly.”可知当火灾发生时,烟雾威胁最大。G项“那样的话,请用湿毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴。”是火灾发生时避免烟雾威胁的措施。
4.C 结合小标题“Flood”可知,本段主要讲述洪水来临时的办法。C项“试着找一个更高的地方,但是待在屋顶上不是一个好的选择。”符合此处洪水来临时的语境。
5.B 根据上文“On cloudy and rainy days,a lightning strike may happen.”可知在阴天和雨天,可能会发生雷击。B项“在这样的天气里,请不要站在树下。”符合此处语境,下雨天站在树下十分危险。
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Ⅵ.完形填空
主题语境:人物故事 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:12分钟
Many people panic when things go wrong,but others know how to take charge.For a 1 group of students in Topsham,Maine,brothers Connor and Seamus Collins fall into the second category (类).Sixteen-year-old Connor and 12-year-old Seamus were 2 the bus to school one morning when suddenly Connor saw their bus driver Arthur McDougall 3 a medical emergency and hit the floor heavily.The bus was 4 the ditch (沟渠) on the right.Connor who learnt how to drive 5 immediately what he had to do.
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“I 6 and pressed on the brake and told my little brother to call 911,” he said,recalling the process at the moment.“I need to stop this bus before it goes into the ditch.”
The teenager held the steering wheel while jamming his 7 onto the brake.
Meanwhile,Seamus made sure someone called instead of him and began to 8 the other students to get off the bus 9 .All the while,he kept his cool and even paused to 10 a crying student and comfort him.
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While Seamus handled the other kids,Connor and another student had just 11 giving Arthur CPR when the police arrived on the 12 .Using a defibrillator (除颤器),they 13 to get the driver’s heart going again.Then he was sent to hospital at once.
The brothers are being praised for their 14 .Police say they kept the situation under control and prevented anyone else getting hurt.“If not for them,we would have maybe 15 a little later,” said Gomez.“Thank them for stepping up and being heroes.”
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1.A.lovely B.proud
C.intelligent D.lucky
2.A.changing B.riding
C.stopping D.passing
3.A.ignore B.explain
C.suffer D.prevent
4.A.heading for B.keeping off
C.separating from D.getting through
5.A.agreed B.wondered
C.knew D.remembered
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6.A.escaped B.rose
C.observed D.considered
7.A.foot B.backpack
C.clothes D.tools
8.A.order B.force
C.warn D.direct
9.A.quickly B.suddenly
C.slowly D.naturally
10.A.seize B.seek
C.hug D.push
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11.A.missed B.started
C.avoided D.suggested
12.A.station B.road
C.ditch D.scene
13.A.happened B.managed
C.decided D.expected
14.A.action B.plan
C.purpose D.experience
15.A.applied B.adapted
C.responded D.recovered
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了公交车司机突发疾病致使全车人处于危险之中,Connor和Seamus两兄弟沉着冷静地帮助学生们脱离了危险,并及时救治了司机。
1.D 根据文章的讲述可知,公交车司机突发疾病致使全车人处于危险之中,Connor和Seamus两兄弟沉着冷静地帮助学生们脱离了危险,可见这群学生是幸运的。
2.B 根据“saw their bus driver”可知,此处指乘公交车。
3.C 根据空后“a medical emergency and hit the floor heavily”可知,司机突发疾病,重摔在地。suffer遭受(坏事),患(疾病),符合语境。
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4.A head for前往;keep off挡住;separate from与……分开;get through完成,熬过。根据语境及下文“I and pressed on the brake...”可知,司机摔倒在地,公交车朝着沟渠开去。
5.C 根据下文“I and pressed on the brake and told my little brother to call 911”可知,Connor踩刹车,让弟弟拨打911,所以此处指他立即就知道该怎么做。
6.B 根据语境及“pressed on the brake”可知,Connor原本是坐在公交车上,应是起身去踩刹车。
7.A 根据“onto the brake”和常识可知,要用脚踩刹车。
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8.D 结合语境及“the other students to get off the bus”可知,有人打电话报警之后,Seamus继续指挥同学下车。
9.A 根据语境可知,在突发事件中应是让同学们迅速下车,保证安全。
10.C 根据“comfort him”及语境可知,应是拥抱哭泣的学生,安慰他。
11.B 根据下一句“Using a defibrillator,they to get the driver’s heart going again.”可知,此处指Connor和另一个学生开始给Arthur做心肺复苏。
12.D 上文提到有人报了警,此处指警察赶到现场。
13.B 根据语境及下一句“Then he was sent to hospital at once.”可知,他们用除颤仪成功让司机恢复心跳,然后司机被送往医院。
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14.A 结合上文内容及语境可知,两兄弟因救人的行为而受到表扬。
15.C 根据“If not for them”和两兄弟的指挥和救治很及时可知,如果不是他们及时地联系警察,警察的救援可能会来得更迟。
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Ⅶ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你的美国笔友Peter看见了中国某地发生特大洪水的新闻,给你写邮件询问政府和人民是如何应对自然灾害的。请你用英语给他回一封邮件,内容包括:
1.政府组织救援及医护人员救灾,并及时运送救援物资;
2.人民群众自发捐款捐物。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.请在相应位置作答。
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Dear Peter,
I’m grateful because you’re concerned about the flood in China.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That is how we face natural disasters as a big family.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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Dear Peter,
I’m grateful because you’re concerned about the flood in China.And I am writing to tell you what we do while facing disasters.
As we all know,China is a vast country where natural disasters happen frequently.Whenever a disaster happens,the Chinese government will take many measures to save people and reduce losses.Firstly,rescuers as well as rescue materials will be sent to the disaster area.Secondly,soldiers and doctors will be organised to help rescue the people in the disaster area right after the disaster happens,and many medical rescue materials will be sent there,which will absolutely contribute a lot to the rescue work.Besides,various companies
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and people from all over the country will donate money and materials voluntarily to provide some help.
That is how we face natural disasters as a big family.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua (共30张PPT)
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
分层跟踪检测(一)Starting out & Understanding ideas
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.An active volcano may (爆发) at any time without warning.
2.Chinese medical units were operating in the (灾难)areas in Africa for the rescue.
3.There are only 35 staff to serve 30,000- (多,余) customers.
4.When he received the letter saying that his mother was seriously ill,he set out on the return journey (立刻).
erupt
disaster
plus
immediately
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5.Many buildings were destroyed by a (飓风) last week.
6.We immediately come to the rescue if any problems (发生) in our daily life.
7.Anderson made the (通告) at the conference that the company would close the next week.
hurricane
occur
announcement
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Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Messi’s talents stand out in (compare)with other football players.
2.Suddenly a good idea (occur) to me,but I couldn’t find any paper to write on.
3.Seeing the snake winding around the branch,I felt a bit (scary) and ran away.
4.People speak highly of the boy’s bravery and calmness in face of such an emergency.
5.An earthquake,which may cause great damage,is one of the most common natural (disaster).
comparison
occurred
scared
the
disasters
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6.You really shouldn’t have reacted his comment on your work so violently.After ,he meant no harm to you.
7.The survivors have wandered around the jungle for days before being picked
by a search group.
8.Looking newspapers every day,you can keep up with the rapidly developing situation.
9.Compared the living room,the bedroom is a more private place for resting and relaxing.
10.Although it was late into the night,he made it the subway station to pick me up.
to
all
up
through
to/with
to
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Ⅲ.单句写作
1.尽管天气很冷,莉莉还是设法按时赶到了学校。
Though it was cold,Lily __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
2.约翰,坐在我能看见你的地方。
John,sit __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ .
3.我正要付现金,突然想起我把钱包忘在家里了。
I was going to pay by cash when __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ I had left my purse at home.
managed to make it
to school on time
where I can see you
it occurred to
me that
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4.既然天气预报说有台风,我们最好待在屋里。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________,we had better stay at home.
5.与整个地球的大小相比,最高的山似乎一点儿也不高。
__________ __________ the size of the whole Earth,the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
Now that the weather forecast says
there will be a typhoon
Compared to/with
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B 级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:龙卷风 难度系数:★★☆☆☆ 建议用时:7分钟
In the United States,more than 90 people died across six southern states when strong winds known as tornadoes destroyed homes,office buildings and religious centers on Friday night.Victor Gensini,a weather scientist at Northern Illinois University,called the tornado that traveled hundreds of miles on Friday “Remarkable”.He said the tornado traveled about 300 kilometers.Normally, tornadoes die out in minutes,he said,but this one lasted for hours.He said the storm moved as fast as a car going down a large roadway.
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Such weather events do happen in December,but they do not happen often this time of year because the temperature on the ground is not so different from that high in the sky.However,people in Kentucky said the air was warm and wet on Friday.Weather scientists said the mixing of the warm and cold air can create “instability(不稳定)” which produces storms and the fast,spinning(旋转的) winds of tornadoes.
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The question is whether the deadly storm came because of climate change. The weather scientists are not completely sure.Gensini said strong winds are common in the winter,but they do not create tornadoes because the air close to the Earth is also cold.Harold Brooks studies tornadoes at the National Severe Storms Laboratory.While the US has more tornadoes than any other country, tornadoes only form once out of every 10 strong storms.As a result,he said,it is hard to say if the winter tornadoes have something to do with climate change. Gensini,however,said the conditions for strong storms are becoming more common in the winter as the planet warms up.
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Jason Furtado,a scientist at the University of Oklahoma,said in the past tornadoes happened more often during warm days in the summer.However,as the winter becomes warmer,especially in the southern US,the tornado season will change.More will happen in the winter and fewer will happen in the summer.He said people who live in places like Kentucky,which suffered the most from Friday’s storms,are now living in an area where tornadoes are common.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在美国,过去龙卷风经常发生在温暖的夏季,而现在,随着冬季温度越来越高,美国南部地区龙卷风发生的频率也越来越高。
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1.What can be learned about the tornado “Remarkable”
A.It is the worst one on record.
B.It lasted only minutes.
C.It was quite damaging.
D.It only traveled along the roadway.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“In the United States,more than 90 people died...‘Remarkable’.”可推断,这个龙卷风造成了极大的毁坏。
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2.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.What is the cause of the tornadoes.
B.Why the weather changes in December.
C.How special the weather is in December.
D.What were people’s attitudes to the tornado on Friday night.
答案 A
解析 段落大意题。根据第二段中“Weather scientists said...spinning winds of tornadoes.”可知,本段讲的是龙卷风是如何形成的。
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3.Which of the following may Harold Brooks agree with
A.A strong storm usually grows into a tornado.
B.Winter tornadoes will be a common thing in the US.
C.The US has more tornadoes in winter than any other country.
D.The connection between winter tornadoes and climate change is unknown.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As a result,he said,it is hard to say if the winter tornadoes have something to do with climate change.”可知,Harold Brooks认为冬季龙卷风和气候变化之间是否有联系并不可知。
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4.How will tornadoes change according to Jason Furtado
A.They will last longer and longer.
B.They will become weaker in Kentucky.
C.They will happen less often in the summer.
D.They will travel faster in colder months.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However,as the winter...will happen in the winter and fewer will happen in the summer.”可知,Jason Furtado认为,以后在夏季,龙卷风将会发生得更少。
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B
主题语境:地震 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:7分钟
Do you know how to prepare for and survive a major earthquake According to Department of Conservation scientists,it is important to have the right answer to that question.
How to Be Prepared
Electricity,water,gas and telephones may not be working after an earthquake. The police and fire departments are likely to be tied up.You should be prepared to fend for yourself for at least three days,preferably for a week. You’ll need food,water and so on.It’s also a good idea to decide ahead of time how and where your family will reunite if separated during a quake.You might choose an out-of-the-area friend or relative that family members can call to check on you.
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If you’re indoors,stay there.Get under a desk or table.The kitchen is a particularly dangerous spot.If you’re in an office building,stay away from windows and outside walls and do not use the elevator.If you’re outside,get into the open.Stay clear of buildings,power lines or anything else that could fall on you.If you’re driving,move the car out of traffic and stop.Avoid parking under or on bridges or overpasses.
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After an Earthquake
Check for fire.If you smell gas,shut off the main gas valve(阀).If there’s sign of damage to electrical wiring,shut off the power at the control box.If the phone is working,only use it in case of emergency.Avoid driving if possible to keep the streets clear for emergency vehicles.Be careful that things may fall out of cupboards when the door is opened,and also that chimneys can be weakened and fall with just a touch.Listen to the radio for important information and instructions.Remember that aftershocks,sometimes large enough to cause damage in their own right,generally follow large quakes.If you leave home,leave a message telling your friends and family your location.
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了在地震发生前如何做准备,地震发生时以及地震发生后应该采取什么措施。
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5.What does the underlined phrase “fend for” in the second paragraph probably mean
A.Look for. B.Take care of.
C.Be proud of. D.Think of.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“You’ll need food,water and so on.”可知,你需要食物和水等来照顾好自己,由此可知,画线短语的意思是“照顾”。look for 寻找;take care of 照顾;be proud of 以……为自豪;think of 考虑。故选B项。
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6.What should you do when an earthquake happens
A.You should stay away from the kitchen.
B.You should drive on a bridge.
C.You should turn off the power.
D.You should listen to the radio frequently.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“If you’re indoors,stay there.Get under a desk or table.The kitchen is a particularly dangerous spot.”可知,地震发生时,要远离厨房。
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7.According to the passage,why doesn’t the author advise driving after an earthquake
A.Because it is dangerous to drive as there will be aftershocks.
B.Because your car will be easily damaged in the streets full of blocks.
C.Because you should make way for emergency vehicles.
D.Because you can’t find a place to park your car.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Avoid driving if possible to keep the streets clear for emergency vehicles.”可知,作者不建议在地震发生后开车是因为你应该给应急车辆让路。
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8.What will probably happen after a big earthquake
A.The local people’s life will return to normal in a week.
B.There will be more earthquakes occurring.
C.There won’t be any earthquakes in a short time.
D.The local people will stay at home waiting for help.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Remember that aftershocks,sometimes large enough to cause damage in their own right,generally follow large quakes.”可知,在大地震后将会有更多的余震发生。故选B项。
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C
主题语境:火山喷发 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:7分钟
It was June 8,1816 and it was early summer in Vermont,US.Yet,a wild winter snowstorm was going on.Nearly a foot of snow covered the fields which had been planted crops only weeks before.This storm would kill all of the crops.At the time,people struggled to understand what had caused the weather to change so wildly.It is only now,more than 200 years later,that scientists have finally solved the mystery.The cause of the extreme weather was an event that took place a year earlier and 10,000 miles away.It all started with a volcano called Mount Tambora.
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Mount Tambora sits on the island of Sumbawa,a beautiful land with rushing streams,gentle hills,and thick jungles,in Indonesia.Nobody had any reason to think the peaceful mountain was in fact a volcano.It had been asleep for centuries,but on April 5,1815,Tambora woke up.
The first eruption shook the island and sent up streams of fire and ash.But that was nothing compared with what would come five days later,on April 10.The volcano exploded with a huge cloud of gas,fire and ash shot high into the sky.The day turned midnight black,but the mountain turned red as rivers of lava(岩浆)flowed down the mountain.
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The eruption went on for more than three days,which instantly killed at least 12,000 people living on and around Mount Tambora.Ash and lava ruined the island’s soil and poisoned its rivers and streams.Rice fields were destroyed.No fruits or vegetables would grow.
There were no fish to catch;almost every animal had been killed.The eruption of Tambora in 1815 was the deadliest and most powerful volcanic eruption in human history.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章由1816年美国佛蒙特州夏季暴雪为切入点,介绍了在1815年4月5日,沉睡了几个世纪的坦博拉火山喷发了,成了当时人类历史上最致命、威力最大的火山爆发。
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9.Why did it snow heavily in Vermont in the summer of 1816
A.Vermont was located in the southern part of the Earth.
B.Vermont had serious environmental pollution.
C.A faraway volcano erupted a year earlier.
D.A huge earthquake hit Vermont.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is only now,more than 200 years later...a volcano called Mount Tambora.”,可知1816年夏天佛蒙特州下大雪的原因是一年前,一座遥远的火山爆发了。
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10.What’s the purpose of the first paragraph
A.To lead in the topic.
B.To present an argument.
C.To introduce Vermont.
D.To explain the cause of a volcano.
答案 A
解析 目的意图题。根据第一段中“The cause of the extreme weather...called Mount Tambora.”,并结合后文讲述了坦博拉火山的爆发及造成的伤害,可知第一段的目的是引出话题。
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11.When did Mount Tambora start erupting
A.On June 8,1816.
B.On April 13,1816.
C.On April 5,1815.
D.On April 10,1815.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It had been asleep for centuries, but on April 5,1815,Tambora woke up.”,可知坦博拉山开始喷发的时间是1815年4月5日。
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12.What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
A.The process of the eruption was made up of three stages.
B.Tambora asleep for centuries woke up in the end.
C.The eruption of Tambora broke a historic record.
D.The eruption of Tambora led to a terrible disaster.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据文章最后一段可知,该段主要介绍坦博拉火山的爆发导致了一场可怕的灾难。(共19张PPT)
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
分层跟踪检测(三)Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection
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A 级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Hollywood shows 14 (十亿) images of smoking to young people every year.
2.The (县) has been lifted out of poverty with the help of the local government.
3.Dog owners should be responsible if their pets cause damage to other people’s (所有物).
4.Thanks for your directions to the house;we wouldn’t have found it (不然).
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5.Here is (充足的)evidence to show that plastic bags have caused white pollution to the environment.
6.In addition to these arrangements,extra ambulances will be on duty until (午夜).
7.Bookstores on the side of the road provide convenient (掩蔽) in bad weather for people.
8.The extinction of rare creatures may present a new (威胁)to the ecological system.
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Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Today, (billion) of dollars in goods and services are sold online.
2.Generally speaking,our English reading skills have yet (improve).
3.The money is (sufficient)to buy what they need,so they need to come back later.
4.What made us frightened was that the car crashed into the tree when one of the wheels flew .
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5.This is a great place for camping but you have to look out snakes and spiders—Australia has some of the most dangerous in the world.
6.Though she comes from a big city,she still keeps the tradition of working hard.
7.When the powerful earthquake struck and all lights went out all of sudden,it seemed as if the world was at an end.
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Ⅲ.单句写作
1.他刚做完作业妈妈就回来了。
He __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ his mother came back.
2.她昨天来这里了,否则我就不会遇到她了。
She came here yesterday, __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ .
3.我站在窗户边,试图弄清楚外面发生了什么。
I stand by the window,__________ __________ __________ __________ what has happened outside.
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4.在中国女排精神的鼓舞下,我们有信心重新开始,面对困难。
the spirit of the China women’s volleyball team,we have confidence to start over facing difficulties.
5.我们更加努力,一个人干两个人的活。
We made greater efforts,__________ __________ __________ the work of two.
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Ⅳ.阅读理解
主题语境:个人经历 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:6分钟
About three years ago,something terrible happened to me.One day,my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.All at once,the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm.A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the sea.With the wind and waves,we were going in the direction of the whirlpool(漩涡).We were hopeless.Nothing could save us.We went round and round,nearer and nearer to the horrible edge
B 级 能力素养提升练
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of the whirlpool.It may appear strange,but at that moment,when we were on the edge of the whirlpool,I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way,and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.Suddenly,we went over the edge.I thought my life was over.But moment after moment passed,and I was still safe.
The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed.After a while,I became curious about the whirlpool itself.I then made three important observations.The first,the larger the bodies were,the more rapidly they fell;the second,between two objects of equal extent(面积),round objects fell down less rapidly;and the third,between two
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objects of the same size,objects shaped like a tube fell down more slowly.So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.I tried to make my brother understand, but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat.Without waiting,I jumped into the sea to try and escape.
It turned out that I made the right decision.Some time after I left the boat, with my brother in it,it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool.Soon after that,the whirlpool became less wild.Then the sky was clear,the wind calmer, and the moon was shining.I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.In the end,a boat picked me up.I was very tired.The fishermen were my old friends.When I told them
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my story,they did not believe it.Now I have told you,and I cannot expect you to believe me any more than the fishermen did.
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1.What happened on our way home from the islands
A.We were caught in a storm.
B.We got more fish than before.
C.We were risking going to the islands.
D.My two brothers and I fell into the sea.
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2.What can you infer from the story
A.The writer cared more about nature than his life.
B.The writer took advantage of natural rules and survived.
C.The writer’s two brothers finally died in the storm.
D.The writer didn’t expect the readers to believe his story.
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3.The word “barrel” in paragraph 2 probably refers to an object .
A.with a large size B.of equal extent
C.shaped like a tube D.of square shape
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4.What words can best describe the storyteller
A.Smart and experienced.
B.Calm and decisive.
C.Observant and humorous.
D.Optimistic and reliable.
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Ⅴ.语法填空
主题语境:沙尘暴 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:10分钟
Sandstorms are common 1. (nature) disasters.They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun,and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.Sandstorms 2. (main)occur in four places in the world,including Central Asia.Northwest China is part of the sandstorm center in Central Asia.Sandstorms in China appear 3. (increase) in recent years as a result of “desertification”.Sometimes Beijing is affected by sandstorms.They affect the traffic because the thick dust makes 4. difficult to see.
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5. some other disasters,sandstorms come with a warning.They can 6. (forecast) some weeks before,but the 7. (strong)of the storm sometimes surprises people.8. a sandstorm occurs,weather experts advise people not to go out.If you want to go out,you’ d better wear 9. mask because it’ s difficult to breathe and the dust makes people ill.To prevent sandstorms 10. (come) nearer to Beijing,the government has made great efforts.
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Ⅵ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你校将举办一场以“How to survive an earthquake”为主题的讲座。请你写封邮件邀请你的外国朋友George参加,内容包括:
1.邮件的目的;
2.讲座的主要内容;
3.讲座的时间和地点。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
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Dear George,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
